We choose a pump for watering country beds from a barrel. How to Use a Drainage Pump for Garden Watering A Surface Watering Pump

Any summer resident knows how difficult it is to take care of the garden in the hot and dry summer season. Plants require constant care and, most often, all work is done by hand. Anyone who has ever been engaged in gardening knows what running around with a watering can and daily watering planted garden crops is.
It is a little easier for the owners of such summer cottages, in which wiring from the central water supply leads to the house, however, such happiness is not given to everyone. Much more often, owners of suburban areas take water from wells or containers with rainwater accumulated in them, which does not water the plants on its own. She must be delivered to them.
Carrying heavy buckets of water is not only unpleasant, but also harmful to the spine. To solve the problem, a special technique is used - pumps.

What factors should be considered when choosing the type of pumps

Currently, there are many different types of pumping equipment that can be used for irrigation in suburban areas. These pumps were created not specifically for use by summer residents, but they all work with liquids. Pumping equipment is selected depending on what liquid will be pumped by them and where it will need to be taken from.

Watering plants does not require perfectly clean and transparent water. They prefer watering with warm, if possible, settled water, which does not contain harmful impurities and chemical production waste. Therefore, rainwater, which is accumulated by thrifty owners in various containers located in their summer cottages, can be considered an ideal option.

Quite often, water for irrigation is taken from wells or wells. However, such water has a rather cold temperature, therefore, with constant watering of plants with such water, many crops suffer from rotting of root systems. Cucumbers are the most susceptible to this problem.

To warm up well water, summer residents need to raise it up and let it stand for some time in a container. Only after the water warms up a little, you can scoop it up with buckets and water garden plants with it.

The same system for collecting water for irrigation is also used by the owners of summer cottages located close to natural reservoirs. Summer residents collect water in barrels, settle for at least a couple of hours, and then use it for irrigation.

The landscapes of some sites provide for the equipment of artificial reservoirs (ponds or home pools), the water from which can be used to water the garden. The water in such reservoirs is settled and warm enough. But, using these reservoirs for irrigation, you cannot use chemicals to clean them, because your vegetables will absorb them, which then you will have to eat with this chemistry. Watering the garden with water from the pools is doubly beneficial, because by regularly updating the liquid in the pool, you will not think about how to get rid of the old water.

Fluid in various sources has a different degree of pollution, therefore, choosing garden pump for watering plants, it is necessary to consider from which reservoir the water will be taken. For all sources developed different kinds pumps, which are as follows:

1. superficial
2. Submersible
3. Drainage and other units

Main parameters and technical characteristics of pumping equipment

When choosing pumping equipment for watering garden plants, they take into account not only the types of pumps, but also their technical capabilities: power indicators, performance, and others. Therefore, you must first analyze the following parameters:

1. Calculate the distance in meters from the extreme point of the garden to the source from which water will be taken for irrigation.
2. Calculate the height difference from the installation site of the pumping equipment to the extreme point of the site.
3. Decide how often you will need to water garden beds.
4. Calculate the area occupied by horticultural crops, which need to be watered constantly.
5. Choose the type of watering plants - under the roots, drip, sprinkler or other.

What factors determine the choice of pump types

It is better to use average indicators, so an approximate calculation of the characteristics of the pumps will look like this:

Taking into account the standards of SNiP, for irrigation of 1 sq. meters of beds per day, 3-6 liters of liquid are needed (the amount of water depends on the climate and soil condition in the region). If we assume that the garden has an area of ​​​​200 square meters. meters, then water is needed per day:

200 X 6 = 1200 liters.

Consequently, the pump needs to have time to pump this amount of water within an hour, since few people want to water for a longer time. Pumping equipment is sold with instructions that indicate the performance of the model. The same information is also indicated on the label located on the device. Productivity is denoted by the letter Q, and in our calculation it is approximately equal to 1.5-2 cubic meters. meters per hour.

Another equally important indicator is the height to which the pump is able to lift liquid from reservoirs. Otherwise, it can be called water pressure. The higher the height indicator, the greater the distance between the pumping equipment and the reservoir is permissible. For example, when maximum height model 40 meters, the water intake can be removed from the irrigation bed no more than 400 meters, since 10 meters horizontally corresponds to 1 meter vertically for a hose with a diameter of 1 inch.

The performance indicator of pumping equipment is lower if the distance or height from the reservoir is large - this increases the loss of fluid pressure.

For example, you need to water a plot using well water. Moreover, the well is located at a distance of 30 meters from the extreme point of the garden. The pump is lowered into the well to a depth of 6 meters.

1. It is necessary to calculate how long the pipeline is needed: 30 + 6 = 36 meters.
2. It is necessary to take into account the pressure losses inside the pipeline, as well as places where there are connections, turns and others. This will be approximately 20% of the length of the hose: 36 x 0.2 = approximately 7 meters.
3. This figure is added to the height of the water column, which in our example is 6 meters: it turns out 13 meters.
4. In order to exclude the operation of the pump with overloads, and to ensure the maximum allowable pressure at the outlet, you need to add another 10 meters.

The result is:
13 + 10 = 23 meters. It turned out the value of the pressure recommended for our example, denoted in the instructions by the letter H.

To summarize: in our case, it is necessary to use a pump whose H ranges from 25 to 30 meters.

The type of irrigation affects the motor power of the selected pump. Drip irrigation is carried out with low-power systems, and when sprinkling is used, systems that withstand high pressures are used.

Pumps for pumping liquid from a tank

The easiest care and connection is for the pump, which is used to pump water from barrels. This is ideal for use in the country:

1. Light weight (no more than 4 kg), allowing you to move the pump around the garden.
2. Working with containers less than 1.2 meters deep.
3. It is not noisy when working.
4. It is easy to fix it in the right place.

The pump is fixed on the barrel, then the plug is inserted into the socket and the irrigation process begins. The owner of the cottage himself sets the required water pressure using a pressure regulator. The pumps are equipped with built-in filters that keep out debris, so you can pour water diluted with fertilizer into the barrel and water garden crops with this solution.

In practice, the built-in filter does not always stop one hundred percent solid particles of fertilizers that do not have time to dissolve. Therefore, even the most expensive and quality systems. Therefore, they are periodically cleaned.

This problem may not exist when installing a homemade additional filter, which is quite simple to make using old tulle. To do this, you need to find a piece of canvas that is larger than the volume of the barrel (the edges of the fabric should hang out). Then the pump is immersed in a tulle, the edges of which must be tied to the edge of the barrel. Don't be afraid to pull the tissue into the pump because the motor at the outlet protects the filter, which will prevent the system from being sucked in by the makeshift filter.

You can use another option: the pump is suspended from the board, which is placed on the container. It is not lowered to the very bottom of the barrel, but placed at a distance of 5 cm from the bottom. In this case, rust deposits will not enter the unit.

In retail chains, pumping equipment models with different power ratings are sold. If the garden occupies a large area, it is better to purchase pumps equipped with two-stage mechanisms. They are more expensive, but they are capable of doing a large amount of work and will not overheat when used for a long time.

If your garden is small - just a few flower beds or beds, it is enough to use a low-power device. For example, well-known manufacturers Gardena and Karcher offer not very expensive models pumps with a price of 2.5 thousand rubles. They pump about 2 thousand liters of liquid for an hour, which is quite enough for a small garden.

If the site is large, you can look at the options more powerful. Barrel pumps from these manufacturers are produced with a maximum capacity of 4,000 liters per hour. If you are not satisfied with the cost of this equipment, consider the ZUBR brand - cheaper pumps that are produced Belarusian manufacturers. They have floats in their kit, the characteristics are similar to Gardena equipment, but the cost is one and a half times lower. They have a 5 year warranty.

Basically, barrel pumps are sold without hoses, so it is better to purchase whole kits, which consist of:

1. Watering hose about 20 meters long
2. Two branch pipes
3. Outlet fitting
4. Spray nozzles

Cheaper options are sold without some spare parts, which will have to be purchased for a separate price.

When choosing a pump that has a float switch in the kit, you do not have to control the amount of water in the barrel. Pumping equipment is able to shut itself off at a minimum liquid level, which eliminates the risk of breakdown due to idling of the unit.

Surface pumps for pumping water from reservoirs or wells

If the liquid for watering the garden is taken from a well with a shallow shaft, or a reservoir ( clean river, pool), it is advisable to use surface pumps that have a capacity designed to lift water from a shallow depth (not exceeding 10 meters). The pumps are called surface because they work on the surface of the reservoir. The unit is installed on the ground, only a hose is lowered into the water, which should not be rubber, because when air is pumped inside the hose, rarefied air collects, compressing the hose - water cannot pass through it.

To connect the pump, put it on a solid base and attach the hose. When working, this pumping equipment makes a lot of noise, which can be reduced by placing the unit on a rubber mat, or by hiding it in some kind of shed.

Surface pumps, which are used to pump water from reservoirs or wells, have the following advantage: when watering a garden, you do not have to move around often. A powerful jet of water helps to irrigate up to 50 meters at once, without moving.

Some summer residents have a question about whether it is possible to install equipment on the site itself, and stretch a long hose to the source of water intake. The weight of some systems is quite large, so not everyone can carry them. In addition, the unit installed near the reservoir can be stolen. But, alas, such an installation of the unit is impossible. The pump can be installed as far as possible from the water at a distance of 9 meters (this takes into account the distance the hose is immersed in water).

Pumps are divided into two types:

vortex pumps- which are used exclusively for clean liquids, therefore they cannot be used for pumping water from reservoirs. Their maximum efficiency is 50%. But, having characteristics similar to centrifugal pumps, it is able to create pressure 5 times greater, which is very important for some types of irrigation (by sprinkling, for example).

Centrifugal pumps- they do not react very well to impurities, and when using an additional filter, you can pump water even from small streams.

An obvious advantage of a surface pump is its normal operation with frequent starts - frequent shutdowns and shutdowns of the watering gun will not damage the motor.

Drainage pump pumping water from a polluted pond

If it is necessary to use water from swamps or ponds for irrigation, it is better to use a drainage pump, which is specially produced for pumping heavily polluted liquids with debris. The pump is equipped with filters and a grinder, which grinds solid particles. This is an ideal pump for irrigation from polluted reservoirs - it does not clog, but crushes garbage (silt, shells, etc.) and sends it to garden beds, fertilizing the soil.

Since such systems have low pressure, watering occurs by gravity. When connecting a nozzle (sprayer or gun), water will not flow. Drainage pumps are best used to pump dirty liquid into settling tanks. Then water the garden from the barrel using a surface or submersible pump making sure that sediment does not get inside the unit.

When to use submersible pumps?

It is optimal to use a submersible pump in areas with punched wells or wells. The pump must be completely immersed in water, so a specific model is selected depending on the height to which the unit raises the water column.

The use of low-power submersible pumps is carried out in wells with sufficient depth. The simplest models are vibration pumps "Brook", "Spring" and others. They well raise liquid from shallow wells or close reservoirs, and sink to a depth of no more than three meters.

In addition, they are immersed to a depth of at least half a meter, so these units do not work in shallow water. With a maximum water lift of 50 meters and an immersion depth of 3 meters, a hose no longer than 450 meters is required. If the river is located long distance from the suburban area, the use of a vibration pump is not possible.

The maximum liquid lift is indicated on the unit label. It is denoted by the letter H and is measured in meters.

If the average capacity is 20 liters of liquid per minute, the pump pumps out 2 thousand liters within an hour and a half, and when pressure losses are taken into account (where the hoses connect), this figure decreases even more. In addition, it is necessary to take into account all adapters when connecting hoses. Adapters affect the pressure drop and reduce the speed of water movement.

Therefore, if you decide to water the plants in your garden at the root, the Brook pump model will suit you. But when using sprinklers, vibration pumps cannot be used because of their sensitivity to pressure changes - the slightest overload will lead to motor failure.

Pumps with an upper water intake are practical, since this reduces the likelihood of silting - sand particles and bottom sediment do not enter the system.

Some practical summer residents have enough "Brooks" when watering from barrels. Having pumped water into the barrel, they wait until it heats up, and then all that remains is to immerse the unit in the barrel and use it for irrigation. True, such pumps are very noisy.

With a distance to the reservoir exceeding 200 meters, the most reliable use of submersible centrifugal pumps with a minimum water pressure of 70 meters. To organize the supply of water to the garden, it is necessary to lay up to the pipe section PND32 or 40, since unwinding the hose over such distances is not a convenient task. When using a hose, it is advisable to purchase three-layer PVC 3/4″, which has additional reinforcement. A simple hose can stick together due to the pressure difference, disrupting the system.

The watering hose must be dense, multi-layered and reinforced.

A downhole (deep) pump is difficult to install and maintain, so only a professional can work with it. In addition, such pumps are dismantled for winter period. But if there is no way out, then liquid is pumped into the tank with such a unit, and when it heats up, a less powerful and complex pump is used - a surface or barrel pump.

The use of drip irrigation using special equipment

Gardeners who are accustomed to saving water use drip irrigation to water plants, which can save time and not waste water. With drip irrigation, you need to use special submersible pumps equipped with automation. The summer resident needs to set the required mode on the pressure switch and use the timer to set the watering time. The rest of the actions are performed by the system itself.

This is expensive equipment that helps the owner save time.

If it is impossible to purchase a pump with automation, buy a submersible unit and purchase the necessary parts.

However, the creation of the necessary working pressure (1-2 bar) is within the power of any inexpensive pump. But, it is impossible to get water from a reservoir without equipping pumps with additional filters, since the unit will constantly clog. Therefore, it is better to take water from the central water supply, a well or a well.

As you understand, the most reliable type for drip irrigation is a centrifugal pump. They are supplied with a lot of liquid during the day under high pressure, and at the same time the motor does not overheat.

To select a pump that has optimal performance, you need to know the rate of hourly water consumption. To do this, you need to draw the location of drip tapes on a piece of paper and calculate the length of the water supply. Multiply the resulting figure with the number of droppers that occupy one running meter. Get the performance of the pump.

When choosing a pump, do not try to find a well-known brand. Better get acquainted with its characteristics, power, operating conditions and the level of popularity in your region. Knowing the popularity is essential, because if the pump breaks down, finding replacement parts will be much easier.

Every summer resident or amateur gardener knows how important the process of watering in the garden and personal plot. Fruit trees, flowers, vegetable crops, ornamental grass, bushes - all these plants need moisture. Actual solution are garden watering pumps. The device is simple and effective to use. But how to choose the right pump for the garden? What criteria should be followed when buying it?

Overview of pumps for irrigation in the garden

A garden pump may depend on the source of the water supply.

Irrigation equipment classification:

• deep;
• surface;
• from a container (barrel);
• drainage.

To choose suitable option it is for your site that you should decide where the water will come from, as well as take into account the preferences of plants. Cultures love settled and non-cold liquid. It is especially important for plants to receive rainwater. It can be collected in containers: barrels, basins or buckets, then water the beds.

In gardens and summer cottages, there are excavated pools and. Water change will be useful for artificial reservoirs. If they are not cleaned with chemicals, then watering from pools and ponds is allowed. Some plots are located near a river or other body of water, and gardeners use them to irrigate their land. Based on where the water comes from, and choose a pump for the garden.

Also summer residents build wells from which watering can be carried out. For this type of water extraction, it is better to purchase a pump. This will make the whole process easier.

What should be garden pumps?

All pumps are designed to pump water. Some are used for a permanent supply of liquid (water supply in the house), while others are used for temporary watering of the garden. When choosing a unit, it is important to pay attention not only to the popularity of the brand, but also to the power of the pump, the availability of replacement parts for it on the market, and the operating rules.

The irrigation device should be as compact as possible, small in size and weight. If necessary, it can be easily moved from place to place. It should not be difficult to install, install and operate. If there is an irrigation process, then it is better to choose garden pumps equipped with a pressure switch, a pressure gauge and a hydraulic accumulator. These elements allow the unit to operate in maximum mode without the participation of human forces.

Types of pumps for irrigation from a well, their pros and cons

Pumps for watering the garden from the well are installed on the surface or. How are they different?

The surface may be in small room located near the well. For this method, a hose is used - one end, which is connected to the pump, and the other is lowered into the water. Also, this unit is installed on the surface of the well liquid. To do this, construct a float that will keep the pump close to the water.

Surface devices are affordable. Their popularity is very high due to the fact that they are easy to operate, maintain and install. The main thing is to install it on a flat rubber surface. The suction depth of the pump does not exceed ten meters. The pressure allows you to squeeze the jet to a distance of 30 to 50 meters. This is a high performance that allows you to cover a large area of ​​​​the garden. But surface pumps have one drawback - they are very noisy. Therefore, they are placed in sheds or other outbuildings and installed on rubber mats.

The choice of submersible units is currently very wide. They are made of waterproof materials, they can be lowered into the water to any depth. The main thing is not lower than one meter from the bottom of the well. If this rule is neglected, then the quality of the water supply will deteriorate due to the ingress of sand and silt into the hose. The deep apparatus is valued for its good suction pressure, and it is also not exposed to moisture.

But the deep pump has its negative sides. They should only be installed and serviced by specialists. Also, the device is not cheap, and requires certain storage conditions in the winter.

Barrel pumps for watering the garden

Based on the preferences of plants for irrigation, barrel pumps for watering the garden are the most suitable. Fruiting trees and bushes, vegetable crops require settled and warm liquid. Watering cold water(for example, from a well) can lead to rotting of the plant and slowing down its growth. Therefore, artificial pools and ponds are being built in the gardens. Barrel pumps are used to pump water from them to the site.

What is the advantage of such a pump?

1. firstly, it has fasteners, with the help of which it is fitted on the walls of reservoirs;
2. secondly, the pump is small in size and weight, which makes it easy and convenient to carry it around the site;
3. thirdly, the irrigation device has high level head: from 20 to 25 meters;
4. fourthly, water capacity up to 3000 liters;
5. fifthly, the automation of the unit, thanks to such a system, you can choose optimal mode glaze;
6. sixth, the presence of a filter, which allows the pumping of even untreated liquids, or fertilizer solutions;
7. seventh, the cost of the pump is low;
8. eighth, low noise level.

Among summer residents and gardeners, two-stage barrel pumps for watering the garden are very popular. They are durable in use.

Drainage pumps for watering the garden

Drainage pumps for watering the garden are used to pump very dirty water: for example, from natural reservoirs - lakes or rivers. Such devices are not afraid of garbage. The pumps are equipped with choppers capable of handling leaves or mule. Drainage unit - optimal solution for polluted waterways. The grinder cuts grass and silt into small pieces and brings them out together with water. This allows the soil to receive additional mineral fertilizers. Other types of pumps will not be able to work with dirty water, as they will constantly be clogged, and as a result will be under repair.

Rules for choosing pumps for summer cottages - video

In order for summer cottages to justify the suffering of their owners, who spend the whole summer worrying about the future harvest, it is necessary to establish stable watering. True, in rainy years the weather helps gardeners in many ways, but in the heat you have to run around with watering cans and buckets in the morning or evening to “water” the plantings. And all because summer cottages are still deprived of a central water supply, and they have to get out on their own. But still, there is a way to make watering easier by saving the owners from heavy buckets, which later come back to haunt the pain in the spine. You just need to go to a store that sells pumps for watering the garden, and find the right system.

First of all, decide where you get water for irrigation. From the point of view of plants, the water should be settled and warm. Cleanliness does not play a special role. The main thing is that there are no chemicals or other "poison". The best source is, of course, rainwater, which the owners collect in barrels, basins and other utensils, setting it under the drains. If a well is dug in the country or a well is drilled, then water is taken from there. Truth, garden plants I don’t really like the “cold shower”, which causes rotting of the roots, but you can first fill the containers with water, and after warming it up under the sun, start watering.

Another good source is home pond, swimming pool or body of water. In each of them, the water must be periodically renewed, so that summer residents get a double benefit: they will water the garden and clean the water structure. True, pools are useful only if you do not use them to clean and disinfect chemicals. Some summer residents who are lucky to have a plot near a natural reservoir (rivers, lakes) carry water from there. Based on which of the above sources supplies you with water, choose pumps for watering summer cottages.

Four types can be used for garden purposes: barrel, surface, submersible and drainage.

Irrigation from containers: drum pump

The barrel version is considered easy to install and convenient to use. It was created specifically for pumping water from storage tanks, such as barrels, eurocubes, etc.

The weight of such systems is not more than 4 kg, so you can walk around the site with it, installing it in turn on the containers that were placed to collect precipitation. Most often, a pump for irrigation from a barrel is designed for a tank up to 1.2 m deep. It is fixed on the edge of the tank, plugged into the electrical network and watering begins. The pump has a pressure regulator with which you can set a higher or lower pressure, a debris filter and a hose.

A big plus of barrel pumps is the low noise level. When choosing this model, you need to pay attention to how much capacity it is designed for, how much water it can pump per hour. The most reliable are pumps with two-stage mechanisms. They have higher performance and longer service life. So summer residents who have a large area allocated for a vegetable garden and a flower garden should pay attention to powerful systems.

Some special rules must be considered when selecting pumps for pumping and pumping water:

Lightweight barrel pump can be carried anywhere on the site

Barrel pumps are also convenient because water can be diluted with all kinds of fertilizers and water the garden with ready-made solutions.

Surface pumps: "friendly" with ponds and shallow wells

If the main source of water is natural or, as well as a pond, or a shallow well, then you should buy a surface pump. It is designed for pumping water from depths up to 10 meters.

Surface pumps to reduce vibration put on rubber mats

Such a unit is placed, as a rule, on the ground, and the injection is carried out using a special water intake hose, which is lowered into the source. On the other hand, it connects metal pipe. It is not recommended to use rubber hoses to bring liquid to the surface, because the unit pumps water by suction. This can create rarefied air inside the hose. As a result, the walls will shrink and prevent the water flow from moving upwards normally. Such systems are popular for ease of installation: you just need to put the unit on a flat, dry surface and connect the hoses. Interestingly, such pumps can deliver a powerful jet to a level of 30-50 meters, so that most of the beds can be watered from one place.

A spoon of tar! Surface units are very noisy, so they are hidden in a utility building in order to somehow get rid of the “growl”. You can also reduce the noise level by placing the system on a vibration dampening rubber mat. More about choosing a pump for country ponds and fountains:

Submersible pump: able to get water from the well

Submersible pumps are rarely used for garden purposes, but if the water level is broken in the country house or in the well below 10 meters, then you can’t do without them. They are lowered below the water level into the source, and the liquid enters the surface through ordinary hoses. An important indicator of submersible systems is the height to which they are able to raise the water flow. If the well is shallow, then a simple model, designed for 40 meters in height, will do an excellent job of lifting the liquid. For greater depths, you need to look for models that are able to push the jet up to 80 meters.

Submersible pumps are difficult to install, so they are rarely used in irrigation.

Of the minuses, one can name the complexity of installation and maintenance, which should be carried out only by professionals, as well as the need to clean up for the winter if the system is not used during this period. And dismantling also requires the invitation of specialists. Submersible pumps exist in two versions: vibrating and centrifugal. Vibrating ones have a lower price, but they are afraid of falling into the silt. Centrifugal lift water due to the work of the blades and wheels with such force that dirty water does not frighten them. But their cost is much higher.

It is possible that you may need a motor pump. In what cases it is worth choosing it:

Dirty pond or swamp: a drainage pump rushes to the rescue

Drainage pumps are produced for other purposes: they pump out flooded rooms and cesspools. So they are not afraid of any debris and solid particles. For irrigation of beds, a system with a chopper for pumping cold drains is quite suitable. If silt, leaves and other debris get inside, the grinder will chop them into small pieces and give them out together with water to the garden. For very dirty natural water bodies, this is best option, because other models will be clogged with large solid particles. By the way, grinding silt and small inhabitants of the reservoir, such a pump will provide the earth with additional natural fertilizer.

Drainage pumps are suitable for summer residents who use water from reservoirs

Automatic irrigation pumps with timers

For owners who do not have time to deal with many hours of watering, it makes sense to purchase a pump for drip irrigation. Such systems are equipped with a pressure switch, a pressure gauge and a hydraulic accumulator. These mechanisms work in the mode set by the person automatically. For drip irrigation, you need to set the minimum pressure level, and then the water will flow in a slow stream. In such systems, there is both manual and automatic control implemented by the timer.

The automatic system allows you to set the mode required for drip irrigation

When choosing a specific pump option, pay attention to what kind of water it is designed for. So, irrigation units can only be used for wells, wells and tanks, because any small debris will clog the system and quickly disable it. Other sources (reservoirs, pools, ponds, etc.) require drainage, and even fecal pump depending on the degree of water pollution.

During summer period summer residents have a hard time, because the garden requires constant care, and most of work is done manually. It turns out to be especially hard hot season when you have to rush around with watering cans and water the plants daily. It's good if the house is brought central water supply, but this opportunity is not available in every country house. More often, the owners use wells or containers in which rainwater accumulates. But she herself will not run to the plants. It must be delivered. Carrying heavy buckets is unpleasant, and the spine will have a hard time. But the problem can be solved with special equipment– pumps. We will figure out what pumps exist for watering the garden and how to choose the right model for yourself.

Factors determining the choice of pump type

There are many varieties of pumps for watering summer cottages. True, they were not created specifically for summer residents, but they have one thing in common - working with water. But the selection of the apparatus depends on what kind of water you are going to pump and where you will take it from. For plants, water does not have to be perfectly clean and transparent. They need warm, preferably settled water without harmful impurities and chemical production waste. Perfect option- rain water, which the owners accumulate in different containers throughout the site.

Most often, water is taken directly from a well or well. But its temperature is quite cold, and if you constantly water the plants with such water, then many crops will begin to rot the root system (for example, cucumbers). To warm well water, summer residents raise it to the surface and let it warm up for several hours in some containers. And then they scoop it up with buckets and water it. According to the same system, water is also collected by residents whose summer cottages are located next to natural reservoirs. They collect it in barrels, stand for a couple of hours and then start watering.

If artificial reservoirs (a pond or a home pool) are provided in the landscape of the site, then you can use water to irrigate them. It will be warm, settled, but in this case the pool cannot be cleaned chemicals, otherwise all the "chemistry" will end up with vegetables on your table. This type of irrigation gives double benefit: you will periodically update the liquid in the pond and find where to put the old one.

Water in all these sources differs in the degree of pollution. And when choosing garden pumps for watering be sure to take into account the place from which the water will be drawn. For each source, separate types of surface, submersible, drainage and other units have been developed.

Parameters for selection of technical characteristics of the pump

In addition to the type of pump, it is necessary to take into account its technical capabilities: power, performance, etc. To do this, you will have to analyze the following parameters in advance:

1. How many meters from the source of water intake to the extreme point of your garden.
2. How many meters is the height difference from the place where the pump will be installed to the extreme point of the garden.
3. How often do you plan to water your garden beds?
4. What area do you have horticultural crops requiring constant watering.
5. What type of irrigation will you choose (under the root, sprinkling, drip, etc.).

Now let's take a closer look at the most important points.

Performance calculation

If we take average indicators, then approximately calculate the characteristics of the pump as follows:

According to SNiP standards for irrigation of 1 sq.m. beds or flower beds take 3-6 liters of water per day (depending on the climate and soil conditions). So, if your garden area is 200 sq.m., you will need 200 X 6 \u003d 1200 liters. water per day. Accordingly, the pump must be able to pump such a volume of liquid in an hour, because no one wants to spend more time watering. You will find the performance of a particular model in the instructions or on the label on the device itself. It is denoted by the letter Q and in our case should be close to the numbers 1.5-2 cubic meters. at one o'clock.

The second indicator is the height to which the unit can raise water from a river, well, well, etc. (i.e. pressure). The higher it is (in meters), the greater the distance can be between the pump and the water intake point. For example, if the maximum height of the model is declared as 40 meters, then your well or river cannot be more than 400 meters from the extreme point of irrigation of the site, since 1 vertical meter corresponds to 10 meters horizontally for hoses with a size of 1 inch.

The greater the distance or height from the water intake point to the beds, the weaker the pump performance, as the water head loss increases

Now let's do the calculations for specific example so that you understand what numbers you need to accurately calculate on the site before you go to the store for the pump. These calculations are suitable for any type of pump designed for pumping water from reservoirs, wells, wells.

For example, you plan to water the plot with water from a well located 30 meters from the extreme point of the garden. You will lower the pump to a depth of 6 meters.

1. We calculate the length of the pipeline: 30 + 6 = 36 m.
2. We make a allowance for pressure losses inside the pipeline and at joints, bends, etc. As a rule, it is 20% (0.2) of the total length of the hose or pipe. So, 36 X 0.2 = about 7 meters.
3. We add this figure to the height to which the water column must rise, in this case 6 m depth, we get - 13 m.
4. In order for the pump to work without overloads, and the outlet pressure to remain within the normal range, another 10 m are thrown in. In total, 13 + 10 = 23 m. This will be the head recommended for these conditions of use, which is indicated in the instructions as H (height, head) . Thus, in this situation, pumps with H from 25 to 30 m can be selected.

The power of the motor will depend on the type of irrigation. For drip irrigation, low-power systems are used, and if sprinkling is used, then, on the contrary, systems are needed that can withstand high pressure.

Pumps for pumping water from tanks

Among all the devices, the pump for watering from a barrel is considered the easiest to maintain and connect. It is ideal for country purposes: it weighs little (up to 4 kg), works with containers whose depth does not exceed 1.2 meters, makes little noise and is easily fixed. They fix the pump directly on the barrel, insert the plug into the outlet - and start watering. You can set the desired jet pressure yourself using the pressure regulator. The pumps have a built-in filter that keeps out debris and solids, so you can immediately pour fertilizer into the barrel and start watering the finished solution.

Container pumps are lightweight and easy to install, so they can be moved freely around the site while watering.

But practice shows that built-in filters do not always completely stop particles of solid fertilizers that have not had time to dissolve. Even the most expensive systems will become clogged and need to be cleaned. But you can avoid this if you think of a home-made additional filter. They make it simply - from old tulle. Look for a canvas that is larger than the volume of your barrel (so that the edges hang outward). The pump is immersed inside the tulle, and the edges of the material are tied to the edge of the container. There is no need to be afraid that the fabric will be pulled into the pump, because the motor is protected by a filter at the outlet. It will protect the system from sucking in the tulle, but problems with the technique will decrease.

Alternatively, you can hang the pump from a board placed on the tank so that it does not reach the bottom by 5 centimeters. Then all the rust and sediment will remain at the bottom, and will not go into the system.

The filter elements of the pump are located in the lower part of the housing, so sediment and fertilizer residues have every chance of clogging the system

On sale there are models with different levels power. If you have a large area for the garden, then take pumps with a two-stage mechanism. Although they are more expensive, they are designed for large volumes of work and do not overheat during prolonged use. For several flower beds, a low-power device is enough.For example, such well-known manufacturers as Gardena and Karcher have not too many expensive options, the price of which starts from 2.5 thousand rubles. They are capable of pumping about 2 thousand liters. per hour, which is more than enough for small areas. If the area is large, then look for more powerful options. The maximum productivity of barrel pumps of these companies is 4 thousand liters per hour. For those who are looking for something cheaper, it is worth considering Belarusian pumps of the ZUBR brand. They all come with a float, they are similar in characteristics to Gardena, but the price is 1.5 times lower and the warranty is 5 years.

Most barrel units are sold without a hose, so it is more convenient to buy a kit. It immediately has a watering hose (length - about 20 m), 2 pipes, an outlet fitting and a spray nozzle, and in cheap appliances, some spare parts will have to be purchased separately.

Important! If you choose a system with a float switch, then you will not have to control how empty the barrel is. The pump will turn itself off as soon as the level water will fall to the minimum. Accordingly, the risk of breakdowns during dry running is excluded.

Reservoirs + wells = surface pump

To draw water from wells with a shallow shaft or reservoirs (clean rivers, pools), surface pumps are produced. Their power is designed to lift liquid from shallow depths (not exceeding 10 meters). These pumps work on the surface (hence the name). The device itself is installed on the ground, and a hose is lowered into the pond. For such purposes, rubber hoses cannot be used, because during the pumping process rarefied air is formed inside the walls, and the hose is compressed, blocking the passage of water.

To connect the pump, you need to put it on a solid base and connect the hoses. But be prepared that the system will make a lot of noise during operation. You can suppress the degree of noise with a rubber mat, but if it is not there, then they hide the unit in some shed.

The advantage of surface pumps that take water from a reservoir or a well is that you do not have to move much for irrigation. Due to the powerful jet, you can irrigate about 40-50 meters, standing in one place.

When watering, it is necessary to install surface pumps on a solid base, and to make it less noisy, put a rubber mat

Many summer residents are wondering if it is possible to put such a pump on the site, and to pull long hoses to the source of water intake (i.e., the river), because some systems are quite heavy, and not everyone can carry them back and forth, and they can steal, until you get there. Definitely not. The maximum distance to the water is 9 meters (including the immersion of the hose). Such devices are not designed for more.

Of the two types (vortex and centrifugal), the first was created only for clean water, which means that it cannot be used in reservoirs. The second one is not so sensitive to impurities, and if it is equipped with an additional filter, it can also be pumped from a small river. The efficiency of the vortex one does not exceed 50%, but with similar characteristics to the centrifugal one, it will create 5 times more pressure, which (for example, by sprinkling) plays a decisive role.

Of the obvious advantages of surface pumps, one should note their ability to operate normally with frequent starts, i.e. you can turn off and turn on the watering gun without fear that the motor will burn out.

Drainage pumps - for polluted water bodies

If you plan to take water from a swamp, a pond, then it is better to give preference to a drainage pump. They are produced specifically for pumping heavily polluted waters, in which there is a lot of debris. Filters and a grinder are installed in the pump, which grinds solid particles almost into powder. A drainage pump is ideal for watering from a pond, because it will not clog, and all the “good” picked up from the bottom (silt, shells, etc.) will be sent to your beds in a crushed state, thereby fertilizing them.

Drainage pumps are equipped with elements that filter and crush small particles, so they will not clog in highly polluted water of a natural reservoir or pond

But keep in mind that the pressure in such systems is weak, and you can only water by gravity. If you connect a nozzle, like a sprayer or a gun, then the water will not go at all. The best way the use of drainage systems - pumping dirty water into a container so that it settles, becomes cleaner, and even from a barrel it can be watered with a surface or submersible pump, providing protection against sediment from entering from the bottom.

When is the best time to buy a submersible?

If a well is punched in the area or a well is dug, then convenient option water intake from them will be a submersible pump. It is placed completely in the water, and the choice of a particular model will depend on how high it is able to raise the water column.

Weak-powered submersible pumps are designed for use in wells and reservoirs with sufficient depth. Most simple options- vibration models such as "Brook", "Spring", etc. They serve well when lifting water from a shallow well or a nearby reservoir, as they are immersed in water to a depth of 3 meters. At the same time, there should be at least half a meter from the beginning of the water mirror, so these pumps, unfortunately, are unsuitable for shallow water. The maximum height of the water column is 50 meters, which means that the length of the hose with a maximum immersion of 3 meters should not exceed 450 meters. The figure was calculated as follows: each vertical meter = 10 horizontal. 50 - 3 = 47 m; 47 X 10 \u003d 470 m. We subtract 20 meters for a margin so that the unit works without tension. The result is 450 meters of hose. If the distance to the river is greater, the vibration pump will not work.

It is easy to find information about the maximum water lifting height on the pump label: it is indicated by the Latin letter H and is indicated in meters

With an average capacity of 20 liters per minute, you will pump out 2 thousand liters. in 1.5 hours, and if we take into account the pressure loss at the hose junctions, then this figure will be even less. Plus - take into account all the adapters if you connect the hoses. They reduce pressure, which means that the flow rate will decrease. As a result, Brooks and the like are quite suitable for watering under the root. But if you expect to use sprinklers, vibration systems will not work. They are too sensitive to pressure changes, and when overloaded, the motor quickly burns out.

Advice! Models with an upper water intake are more practical, since they have a reduced likelihood of silting and ingress of particles of sand and bottom sediment.

Some practical summer residents manage with "brooks" when watering from containers. They first pump liquid into the barrel, which heats up. And when necessary, they immerse the apparatus in a container and use it instead of a special barrel one. The only, but significant minus is a lot of noise. While you water, the neighbors will be forced to listen to the roar of the motor.

If the distance to the reservoir is more than 200 meters, then the most reliable will be submersible centrifugal pumps having a maximum head of 70 m and above. To organize the supply of water to the beds, lay the pipe PND32 or 40 to the beginning of the pipe section, since it is not very convenient to unwind the hose to such a distance each time. Well, if you still use a hose, then only three-layer PVC 3/4 ″ with additional reinforcement. Simple Hoses can stick together due to pressure drops, and the system will stop functioning.

Watering hoses should be dense, layered and reinforced to withstand the rarefied atmosphere during irrigation and not stick together.

Borehole (or deep) pumps are difficult to install and maintain, and therefore require professional handling. In addition, they have to be dismantled for the winter. But if there is no other source of water on the site, then it is more convenient to pump water into containers with such a system, and then, heated, dilute it around the site with a less powerful and complex pump (the same surface or barrel pump).

The water from the wells is always very cold, therefore, after raising it to the surface with a submersible pump, do not pour it directly on the plants, but let it warm up in containers

Drip irrigation: the best special equipment

The owners, who prefer to use water sparingly, water the gardens by drip. It saves time and doesn't waste water resources. For drip irrigation, there are special submersible pumps equipped with automation. The owner sets a certain mode on and, using a timer, sets the watering time. Everything else the system takes care of.

Such equipment is not cheap, but it frees the summer resident a lot of time that was previously spent on watering.

If you cannot find a pump with automation in one set, then you can buy a submersible pump and complete it with the necessary parts

However, practice shows that any inexpensive pump can create the necessary working pressure of 1-2 bar. Where the water comes from is another matter. You will not be able to take liquid from reservoirs without additional filter systems, as the built-in filter will quickly become clogged. Therefore, there remains either a central water supply, or a well, or a well. We have already considered the options for units for these sources of water supply above. True, it is worth adding that the most reliable type of pump for drip irrigation is centrifugal. Only he can give a large number of water throughout the day high pressure without overheating the motor.

To choose a pump with optimal performance, you need to figure out what your site will have hourly water consumption. They do it this way: draw a grid of drip tapes on paper and calculate overall length plumbing. Then multiply it with the number of droppers punched by 1 running meter. This figure will be the performance. For example, if you lay only 100 m of tape with 5 droppers per meter, then you will get 500 droppers. Each of them consumes an average liter of water per hour. Accordingly, the required pump capacity is 500 l / h.

When choosing pumps, it is not necessary to look for the names of well-known brands. It is much more important to study their power, operating conditions and the level of popularity in your area. The latter will be needed in case of breakdowns of the unit: it is easier to find spare parts for popular models, and they are more readily taken for repairs.

To water plantings from a tank, you need to spend energy on moving water. A pump will be used for watering from a barrel, or water is carried in buckets - for plants it doesn’t matter. Eliminate heavy manual labor, every gardener can choose the right device. We will not consider ways to supply water from a well, it is harmful to water plants with cold water. Let's pick up devices for barrels and open reservoirs.

Irrigation water requirement

A rare summer resident connects a hose to the water supply and directly delivers it to the beds under pressure. Cold liquid will lead to root rot, plant diseases. Therefore, at first they are pumped into a container, and after heating the water in barrels, it is carried over the beds. And in order for the heating to go faster, the barrel is painted black.

You can take irrigation water from an artificial reservoir on the site. But then the pool is not cleaned with the addition of chemicals. The pump for irrigation from a barrel or pool is selected according to its characteristics. This takes into account the degree of contamination and the installation location of the device.

How to choose the right pump

Depending on the type of source, you will need to select the pump according to the parameters. There are pumps operating under water, they are installed under the bay and are called submersible. They can pump clean water, for pumping from outdoor pool better to take a drainage device. If the pump is installed outdoors and takes liquid with a hose, it is called surface.

To choose the right water pumps for watering the garden, you need to calculate:

• performance;
• head.

We proceed from the time spent on watering the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site. Sprinkler irrigation is usually required at the rate of 5 liters per square meter. In one hour, you need to pump 0.5 m 3 per hundred square meters to the beds. The performance of the pump is marked with the letter Q and is available in the passport. For household appliance enough 1.5 - 2.0 cubic meters / hour.

Productivity and pressure indicators are interconnected. The pressure builds up:

• height of water rise;
• difference between the pump installation site and the highest point of the garden;
• distance to the farthest point of watering;
• watering drip, pressure, or free flow under the root.

The height of the rise of water from the tank is the ability to suck up water by the mechanism, the passport value, not exceeding 6 meters. Every 10 meters of hose length corresponds to a loss of 1 meter of pressure. Therefore, the pressure of the pump is distributed to the rise of water according to the height difference in the garden, the height, the rise of the free end of the hose and its length. At the same time, each turn of the conduit brings additional pressure losses.

For a summer residence, it is enough to have a garden pump for irrigation with a pressure of 30 meters. At the same time, the flow can be adjusted for drip or pressure irrigation.

Varieties of pumps for irrigation

Submersible pumps work only in water and are divided into centrifugal and vibration. To cope with rainwater collected from gutters, mechanisms capable of pumping muddy liquid should be used. It is better to use centrifugal pumps, but for them it will be useful to install a filter on the intake hole. vibration pump pumps only clean water without suspension, but the model costs less than a centrifugal unit.

For rocking artificial ponds, it is better to use a drainage pump, which is not afraid of bottom sediments. But such an apparatus does not create pressure and is suitable only for root irrigation of a lawn or trees.

Pumps for watering the garden from the barrel, installed in the tank, operate with low noise, do not overheat. When installing the device, you need to make sure that the connector is tight, good insulation electric cable. , used to raise water from the wells "Brook" and "Spring" are also used for irrigation from open reservoirs. But the devices work when immersed by at least 50 cm, they cannot be used in shallow water. They supply water from open reservoirs at a distance of up to 400 meters.

The Karcher pump for watering from a barrel is used more often than other devices. The German manufacturer has provided all the features of watering with heated water from a container. A float pump with a lower water intake is more suitable for irrigation systems. The design of the barrel has a filter on the intake hole. The kit includes a hose with a section of half an inch, 20 m long. The device is equipped with a valve that allows you to adjust the pressure and a spray gun. The pump is carried by a handle, stored in a container. The power of the device is 400 watts, the productivity is 3.8 m 3 / hour at a pressure of 11 m.

During operation, Karcher does not make noise, and the float is connected to the dry run blocking, the device will turn off if the container is empty. The pump for irrigation from the barrel can pump fertilizer solutions.

The Gardena 4000/2 Comfort pump is no less popular with farmers. Easy start-up and good functionality make the device in demand for irrigation large areas. The pump generates a head of 20 meters and a capacity of 4 m 3 /hour while consuming only 500 watts of energy. But in rural conditions, German technology should work through voltage stabilizers.

Submersible pumps in a barrel must be equipped with an additional filter. To do this, take a tulle and make a wrap for the pump, to protect it from suspension.

Surface pumps for irrigation are always noisy. But only surface centrifugal apparatus can work long time without overheating in a drip irrigation system. Such a pump can pump cloudy rainwater, but the suspension will quickly render the impeller unusable.

For drip irrigation, it is necessary to calculate the productivity and pressure of the pump, based on the length of the irrigation tapes, the number of capillaries. It is generally accepted that a normal hole in the tape should pass 1 liter of water per hour. Knowing the number of holes per linear meter of the tape, it is easy to calculate the total flow and choose a centrifugal barrel pump for watering the garden.

It is not difficult to choose a pump for irrigating plantings, knowing the types of devices and the features of the summer cottage.

Consumer feedback on the Karcher watering pump - video