Water supply of a country house. Turnkey cottage water supply

The importance of a full-fledged water supply in the country can hardly be overestimated. Without a constant water supply, maintaining the site becomes an extremely time-consuming task, and normal wash dishes turns into a real test, not to mention the use of modern household appliances requiring connection to the water supply and.

That is why almost every owner of a summer cottage wants to equip a full-fledged water supply. It is quite possible to cope with the solution of this problem with your own hands. This is, firstly, an invaluable experience, and secondly, a great opportunity to save money by refusing the services of third-party masters.

It is better if the planning of the water supply will be carried out even at the stage of drafting the project of the summer cottage and the house. A full-fledged project includes a number of drawings and documents, including:

For you need to allocate a small room on the ground floor of the house. A room of 3-4 m 2 will be enough. It is more convenient when the water inlet unit and the necessary technical devices are located in the same room - this gives the owner the opportunity to fully control the process of water supply.

A typical private water supply system includes the following equipment:

• pipeline. Products made of polypropylene, metal-plastic and metal are suitable;
• set of taps and fittings;

  

• pump;

  

• manometer;

  

• expansion tank;

  

• pressure switch;

  

• electrical support with full automatic protection;
• purification filters to eliminate suspended particles and various kinds of contaminants from the composition of water;

  

• Installed as needed. In most cases, the accumulative model is more convenient.

  

Choice of source of water supply

In the process of designing a country water supply, you need to choose the optimal source of water. Check out available options and choose the most suitable for your case.

The most simple and convenient option. It is important that the pressure in the system is sufficient to deliver water to the building. Otherwise, you will need to additionally buy a pump or consider other methods of water supply.

Water will be supplied to the building through a system of pipes and fittings.

V this case for the installation of a water pipe, you usually do not need to buy any additional devices - you just need to dig a trench, lay the elements of the water pipe and crash into the central highway.

If there is no access to the central highway, consider the following options.

The method is suitable for areas with a depth of an underground aquifer of at least 8-10 m.

A shaft for a well is equipped with the efforts of 2-3 people - alone it is too long and difficult.

The main advantage of this option lies in the extreme simplicity of the system - it will be possible to care for and repair it on your own. The maintenance of such a well in a normal state does not require tangible costs.

The main disadvantage is the severely limited water supply. Not every individual well will be able to provide as much water as is necessary to meet all the needs of the family.

Before giving preference to this option, calculate the amount of water you need and establish how much water the well can produce.

Arrangement of a water supply system based on a mine well requires the use surface pump. The equipment is relatively inexpensive and easy to maintain.

Surface pump for country water supply from the well

Well

If the underground aquifer lies deeper than 8-10 m, a well will have to be drilled. Pleasure is not cheap - drillers charge quite substantial money for their work.

But, having spent money once on arranging a well, you will provide your dacha with clean water in the required volumes. If you want to save money, you can try to negotiate with your neighbors and make one well for several houses.

To equip the water supply system in this case, you will need a special borehole or. Such equipment is much more expensive than its surface counterparts, but in terms of the efficiency of providing clean water, it has no equal.

Summer and winter plumbing

Previously, you most likely heard such definitions as summer and winter plumbing systems. Study the main properties of these options, it is quite possible that even the simplest summer option will be able to satisfy your needs. Otherwise, you can immediately proceed to the study of the following sections of the manual on the arrangement of a full-fledged water supply.

Summer option

The features of such a water supply system are clear from its name - the operation of such a system is possible only in the warm period. There are stationary and collapsible modifications of the system.

Collapsible summer plumbing has a very simple design: it is enough to connect the hoses to a pump of suitable parameters and lay them on the soil surface so that they do not interfere with normal movement around the summer cottage.

Silicone and rubber hoses are suitable for arranging the system. The connection is made using special adapters. Also in specialized stores are available more modern products for connecting hoses - latches. One side of such a latch is equipped with a spring-loaded connector, and on the other side there is a “ruff”. With the help of such latches, hoses are connected quickly, reliably and simply.

Most often, such a collapsible system is used for irrigation. It is pointless to organize on its basis a full-fledged water supply to solve domestic needs.

Laying stationary summer plumbing performed underground. Flexible hoses are not suitable for the arrangement of such a system. The best way- plastic pipes.

Pipes of stationary seasonal water supply are laid at a meter depth. After the end of the season, water must be pumped out of the pipes, otherwise, with the advent of cold weather, it will freeze and ruin the pipeline.

In view of this, the pipes must be laid with a slope towards the drain valve. Directly the valve is mounted near the water source.

Winter option

Such water supply can be used throughout the year.

Pipes made of polyethylene and polypropylene are suitable for arranging the system. The former are sold at a lower price and are mounted without the use of special tools. The latter are somewhat more expensive and require the use of a pipe soldering iron during installation. However, in the end, you will spend more money on additional parts for mounting pipes based on polyethylene than on additional products used in the installation of polypropylene pipes.

Water pipes are laid with a slight slope towards the source of water supply. The pipeline should run 200-250 mm below the freezing point of the soil.

There is also an option with pipe laying at a depth of 300 mm. In this case, additional insulation of the pipeline is mandatory. Foamed polyethylene perfectly copes with the functions of thermal insulation. There are special products of a cylindrical shape. It is enough to simply put such rounded polypropylene on the pipe and as a result the product will be reliably protected from cold and other adverse effects.

Not only pipes need additional insulation winter plumbing but also a source of water.

For example, a well is insulated for the winter and covered with snow. These measures will be enough to ensure the protection of the structure from the cold.

Surface pumping equipment, if used, is equipped with a caisson. The caisson is a pit with additional insulation, equipped next to a water supply source equipped with a pump.

The installation of automatic pumping stations can only be carried out in a room where the air temperature does not drop to negative levels even in the most severe frosts.

The sewer system also needs to be insulated. In the absence of it, the drains will freeze and disrupt the operation of the drainage system.

Drafting a project

Start by designing the system. First of all, decide on the equipment. Specify the location of water intake points, calculate the required number of fittings, select optimal material manufacture and type of water pipes.

Plastic pipes are used most often. These are durable and reliable products that fully cope with all the tasks assigned to them. At the same time, plastic pipes do not rust, which allows them to be sewn into walls, unlike metal counterparts.

Make up detailed diagram future plumbing. Indicate all dimensions on the drawing. So you can calculate the optimal footage and determine right amount accessories. At the same time, it is recommended to buy components with a 10-15 percent margin.

Also, you must decide whether you will choose and buy everything yourself. necessary equipment, or immediately buy a ready-made water intake station. At this point, be guided by your personal preferences.

Installation of plumbing system components

First step

Dig a trench from the water source to the point where the pipe enters the building.

Second step

Deep-type equipment is lowered into the water supply source. Surface pumps are mounted next to the well or well. The pump is installed in a heated room or in a caisson.

Third step

Connect the water pipe to installed pump. Attach the free end of the connected pipe to the five-pin fitting.

Fourth step

Connect the storage tank, pressure gauge, and pressure switch to the free outlets of the fitting. Volume storage tank can reach 400-500 liters and even more. Thanks to this device, optimal will be provided. In addition, you can store water in the storage tank in case of unforeseen situations.

Fifth step

Connect the pipe to the remaining free fitting outlet, and then run the line along the previously leveled bottom of the dug trench straight into the house. Also, along the bottom of the pit, you need to lay a protected cable to connect the pump and accumulator.

It is important that the socket intended for switching on the units mentioned above is properly grounded.

sixth step

Install a shut-off valve in front of the pipe entry point into the building. It will allow you to shut off the water supply if necessary.

seventh step

After making sure that the external pipeline is working correctly, fill in the hole and proceed with the installation of the internal wiring.

Regardless of the chosen source of water supply, it is strongly recommended that the water supply system be equipped with cleaning devices.

Perform internal wiring in accordance with the previously prepared diagram. At this point, focus on your preferences. Do everything so that in the future it is convenient for you to use the connected water supply.

In conclusion, you will have to equip the water intake points by connecting faucets, appliances, etc.

Providing hot water

If you need to provide hot water, you can complete your plumbing system with a water heater. There are accumulative and flowing varieties of such equipment. In summer cottages, it is most convenient to use storage tanks.

The installation of the water heater is carried out according to the standard scheme for such equipment.

Now you know in what order the installation of the plumbing system is carried out and what needs to be taken into account for the successful implementation of all related activities. Do everything in accordance with the provisions of the above guide, and your plumbing will work properly for many years.

Successful work!

Video - Do-it-yourself plumbing in a country house

To date, there are several types of water supply systems for a country cottage:

• central water supply;
• well;
• well;
• artesian well.

All of them differ in the water intake system.

Central water supply

Connecting water to a country house from the central water supply is possible only if there is a main line nearby. To connect the water supply directly to it, you will need to apply for permission from the relevant organizations. After permission is received, the owner of the suburban area will be provided with a plan that will indicate the exact location for connection and the depth of laying pipes for water supply.

Disadvantages of connecting to the central water supply:

1. Water pressure in pipes can change a lot.

2. There is a high content of chlorine in the water from the main.

All this is good for disinfecting the pipeline itself, but it will not have a very good effect on the condition of the water and its structure.

Connecting a country house to the central water supply system

Also, do not forget that in the event of an accident or a planned shutdown of the central water supply, the house will be left without water. For water supply services from the city highway, you will need to pay monthly according to the meter, which is installed in a special one.

Well

Providing a country house with water from a well or well is called autonomous water supply. The connection of such water supply depends only on the quality and composition of the soil on it.

It would be rational to use a well as a water supply system if the water on the site is at a depth of 4-15 m. It is necessary to take into account the moment that the aquifer must be quite large in volume. But there is a disadvantage of this type of water intake. The well can penetrate ground water, so the quality of water may deteriorate several times.

Water well device

Well benefits:

1. In the event of a power outage, water can be easily filled with a bucket.

2. Big service life(not less than 50 years).

3. Affordable cost when organizing this type of water supply.

4. You can dig a hole with your own hands, which will save the budget.

It will be possible to order services for arranging a well from a company that deals with this type of work.

Well

There are wells different type: "on the sand" and an artesian well. The type of such water supply directly depends on the depth and type of the soil layer from which water is directly taken.

Well "on the sand"

This type of well got its name for the reason that the main water intake takes place on upper layers sandy horizon. This layer of soil comes after the layer of loam, which acts as a natural filter for groundwater.

The depth of this well reaches 40-50 m. Depending on the region and location of the site, the depth may vary. Sometimes it happens that when drilling a well at a depth of 15 m, you can stumble upon groundwater. This source can also be used, which will have a significant advantage: sand will not get into the filter, respectively, it will not clog, since the structure of the soil layer will be pebbles. It will be possible to use such a well for 15-20 years, while a conventional sand well can only be operated for 5-7 years.

The well "on the sand" can be drilled independently. This is several times cheaper than ordering machine drilling. Also, do not forget that self-drilling is carried out empirically and can reveal the presence of water at a shallower depth.

Well "on sand" and artesian well "on limestone"

Artesian well

Water supply of a residential building from a well is considered very rational. The water supply of this source can reach 1500 liters. The drilling depth of an artesian well descends to a depth of about 135 m to the aquifer of limestone rocks. With such water extraction, the need for additional water intake equipment disappears. All this is due to the fact that the water is under high pressure and shoots out on its own.

Advantages of an artesian well:

1. The possibility of getting into the source of groundwater and wastewater is excluded.
2. The quality of water from such a depth is several times higher than the quality of water from the upper layers of the soil.
3. The service life of such a deep well reaches 50 years.

But along with such advantages, an artesian well has its drawbacks. The cost of drilling will be quite high due to the large depth. Any well of this type it will be necessary to register with the relevant authorities, since the water that is located at such a depth is considered a strategic reserve of the state.

Scheme of water supply to a private house

The scheme for supplying water to a country house involves the use of a pumping station or pump for water intake. Such systems are installed in utility room at home or in the well itself. The pumps are connected to a water source with a pipe and pump water into the accumulators. From them there is already a distribution of water supply in a private house.

As soon as someone in the house starts using the water and opens the faucet, the pressure in the water supply system will gradually drop. After it reaches a certain indicator, the pump will immediately turn on automatically on the relay in the pumping station, and its operation will continue until the pressure in the pipes returns to normal.

Scheme of water supply of a country house from a well

The water supply scheme consists of the following components:

• well, well - a source of water;
• pumping station and pump;
• hydraulic accumulator (necessary to stabilize the pressure in the system);
• filters for water purification;
• installation of water heating equipment in the house for supply hot water;
• collector system.

Installation of the water supply system of a country house can be done independently.

Advice. It is best to install water supply systems in the warm season. During this period, the water level is low and it will be difficult to make a mistake with finding the aquifer.

In spring or summer, the earth lends itself most to digging a trench to make a supply to a private house. To choose the right water intake equipment, you will need to first assess the soil, the depth of the well or well. The accumulator itself is considered to be quite expensive equipment, and many do not install it for this reason and prefer cheaper units with the same functionality.

well water project

Despite the fact that the well is very popular, in some regions they prefer to dig wells to provide a private house with water. All this is due to the fact that in the event of a power outage, it will be possible to draw water from such a source using any container.

Before digging a well, it is worth checking the quality of local water by taking samples from neighbors. The process of organizing a well begins with finding a place for it. It should be somewhere where there is an aquifer and not too deep. This can be done using old "grandfather" methods or modern devices.

A proven way is to observe in the early morning the amount of dew in a certain place. But this method is distinguished by its long period of time. You will have to observe at least 6 months, and by today's standards, it will be irrational to use this method.

Read also

What to do if it's cold at home

In order to dig a well, you need to take into account a number of sanitary measures. For example, the water source should be at least 50 m away from a pit latrine or toilet, sewers or compost pits, and other sources of pollution. It is also worth considering the moment that the well should not be too close to the house, as a float can form underground, which will melt and erode the base of the structure, which can lead to a shift in the foundation.

example of the location of the well in the suburban area

After the place is determined, it will be necessary to order a house water supply project from the appropriate organization. You can make it yourself, but this will require certain engineering skills in construction and planning. The water supply project will be prepared for more than one day, and during this time you can safely dig a well.

How to dig a well

A well with reinforced concrete rings is considered more practical. Before starting work, it is necessary to level the surface of the earth in the place where it will be located. After that, a circle is drawn on the ground. Its diameter should be 15-20 cm larger than the diameter of the reinforced concrete ring itself.

Pits for the well are dug manually with a shovel according to a given diameter. You will need to continue digging until the ring fits into the hole and protrudes 10 cm out of it. As a rule, the height of such a ring is 90 cm, sometimes 100 cm is also found.

We place the first reinforced concrete ring in the pit. It will be necessary to install connecting brackets on its end (at least 3 pcs.). You need to continue digging further to the level of establishing the second ring.

Advice. To make it convenient to get rid of the soil that is pulled out of the pit, you need to build lifting mechanism with a rope and a container. All the earth will be placed in a container and rise to the top.

In the process of building a well, one thing must be taken into account. In order to make drainage from the well to the house, it is necessary to make a hole for pipes in the second reinforced concrete ring. The diameter of such a hole should be several centimeters larger than the diameter of the pipe itself.

It will be necessary to dig a well and install rings until water begins to flow into it. Most often, the whole process ends at 6-8 rings. You should pay attention to how many aquifers formed. There must be at least 3 of them.

After the source of water has already been found, you can proceed to the process of pumping out water and sand, which intensively stay in the pit. Then you need to go a little deeper by 50-60 cm, but the pump continues to pump out continuously. At this stage, the addition of water becomes quite intense.

As soon as the excavation of unnecessary soil is completed, the well must be left for a day so that it is filled with water. This is done in order to accurately determine its level in the structure. Only a day later the water level is determined. If it is more than 1 m or 1.5 m, then it is very good. After that, all the water is pumped out.

Large stones are laid at the bottom of the well and covered with a layer of rubble. The thickness of such a layer should be at least 50 cm. Crushed stone will act as a natural filter for water and ensure a small amount of sand enters the well. If everything is done correctly, then the well will be filled with 1.5 reinforced concrete rings.

Such rubble is placed at the bottom of the well

Connecting the pump to the well

The water supply of a private house directly depends on water intake devices. Only they can ensure the rise of water from the well to the pipe and leading it to the house itself. It is best to install a pumping station in the utility room of the cottage. For this reason, the trench for the pipes must be dug at a depth below the freezing level of the soil.

Today there is big choice pipes for conducting water. They can be:

• plastic,
• metal,
• copper,
• cast iron,
• metal-plastic.

They differ from each other in their functionality and cost. You will need to make a choice according to financial budget. As a rule, for conducting water in private house plastic pipes are used. They have a certain amount of flexibility.

The pipe will need to be led into a previously made hole in the second reinforced concrete ring of the well. Then it must be bent and lowered to the level of the water in the source. A mesh inlet filter must be inserted inside the pipe.

The water supply pipe should not reach the bottom of the well by 30-50 cm. After that, it will be necessary to completely pump out all the water from the well again and drive a pin at the bottom. A pipe will be attached to it. The hole through which it was passed is sealed with cement mortar. After all the actions, the well is closed using a special hatch. You can build yourself from clay or concrete mortar kind of flooring. Just keep in mind that in the event of a breakdown, the lid must open.

Scheme of connecting a pumping station to a well

To do right choice the pumping station needs to know the exact characteristics of the well. The most common are pumps that pump water from a depth of 9 m and are able to raise it to a level of 40 m. It is recommended to use a self-priming pump, which already comes with an external injector. It will lift water from a depth of 45 m.

It is also worth thinking carefully about the fact that in the room where the pumping station will be located, the temperature in winter should not be lower than +2 C. The filter for deep cleaning is installed before the water enters the pump itself, and the fine filter after the pump. Then the process of connecting a pressure gauge, pressure switch and other devices takes place. After that, the water supply pipe is diverted to the collector and distributed according to the designed scheme. The pumping station must be connected to the power supply (electric panel).

Water supply of a country house from a well

The most important advantage of such a source of water as a well is that the water in it is several times cleaner than in a well and the quality is at its best. The well has a significant supply of water and can be used for the needs of a large family.

In order to choose the right place for the well, it is necessary to observe the same sanitary standards as in the construction of the well. But there will be one difference. A well can be drilled near the house, since the water source will be at great depths, and there is no way to wash away the foundation of the building. The cost of drilling a well depends on how such work is carried out.

well drilling

To save money, you can drill a well yourself. For this, a drill column, a tripod and a mechanical lift are used. For drilling to a depth of 1.5 m, a pin drill is used. This will make it possible to remove the first layers of soil from the well. After that, a casing pipe with teeth is placed in the resulting hole.

The drilling process continues until an aquifer is identified. During drilling, you can skip the first aquifers and look for required option. After the desired aquifer has been found, a galvanized pipe is inserted into the casing pipe, which is equipped with a filter at the end. To provide good connection pipe sections, you need to use special couplings and coat the joints with sealant. Then, after performing such actions, the casing is removed from the well.

Hot water supply of a private house

When all the work on laying pipes for supplying water to a country house has already been carried out, it will be possible to carry out heating and water supply to a private house hot water. For these purposes, several methods are used.

One of them is the installation of a double-circuit boiler in the house. It can be gas or electric. One circuit heats water for use, and the second provides heating in the house.

A pipe with hot water supply is drawn from the pump. It is connected directly to the boiler. A pipe for supplying hot water will already come out of the boiler, which is connected to the collector. He already correctly distributes the water supply through the pipes that are in the house. Sometimes, in order to ensure uninterrupted heating inside the house, an additional pump is installed. This is done in order to ensure the circulation of water in the heating pipes and incoming water from the boiler.

open and closed system private house water supply

There is another option - this is the use of a single-circuit boiler. Such a unit works only for domestic needs. It would be best to install a water heater in addition to it. You can also use an electric storage water heater.

Advice. For large cottages, it will be rational to use a large number of instantaneous water heaters.

One of the conditions for comfortable country life is a reliable water supply in the cottage. Since the central water supply outside the city is a rather rare occurrence, the owner of the site has to decide on his own the issue of establishing an autonomous water supply system. Water supply of a private house from a well is one of the most convenient ways to ensure everyday comfort.

To equip a water supply system from a well, both sandy and artesian sources can be used. With the help of a sand well, it is easy to solve the issue of water supply in a summer cottage, in which the average water consumption does not exceed 1.5 cubic meters / hour. This volume is enough for a small house.

The main advantages of a sand well are the speed of construction, the low cost of construction and the possibility of arranging without the use of special large-sized construction equipment.

But for country cottage where they live all year round, sand well - far from the best choice. The depth of aquifers during the arrangement of such wells does not exceed 50 meters, which is not a guarantee of water purity. Although the water in a sandy well is cleaner than a well, it can contain all sorts of impurities and aggressive compounds. The reason for this is the close location of the sandy aquifer relative to surface waters. The productivity of the well is relatively small (about 500 liters on average), and the service life is short - about 10 years.

The best option is an artesian well, which is equipped at a depth of 100 meters or more. The main advantage of such a well is an unlimited supply of high quality water. Such a well is capable of delivering up to 10 cubic meters per hour. This is enough to provide water for a large area with a house. And the service life of such a source, even with active use, can exceed more than half a century.

The water, located at a considerable depth, is filtered and purified in a natural way. Due to this, it does not contain impurities and pathogenic bacteria that are harmful to the human body.

If a sand well can be drilled and equipped with one's own hands, then when arranging an artesian well, it is necessary to involve specialists. Although the cost of drilling an artesian well is quite high, it is not worth saving on this. It is necessary to entrust this stage of work to professional drillers, who, depending on the composition of the rocks underlying the site, will determine the aquifer and equip the well in accordance with all the rules of drilling technology. Thanks to a professional approach to well construction, you will save yourself from a number of system operation problems during operation.

Equipment for the arrangement of the water supply system

The technology for arranging water supply from a well with your own hands depends on the depth of the source and its characteristics.

scheme autonomous water supply can be developed using the services of specialists, or you can take a suitable ready-made version from the network

One of the key elements in arranging the water supply system on the site is, which will ensure uninterrupted lifting and supply of water to the house from the well. For arrangement autonomous well it is enough to install a unit with a diameter of 3 or 4 ", equipped with additional protection against "dry running". This will prevent overheating and damage to the pump if the minimum water level in the source is reached.

The technology of water supply from a well also provides for the installation of a plastic or metal tank - a caisson, which is placed so as to have free access to it, but at the same time prevent dirt or water from entering from external environment. It is necessary for the well and its further control during operation.

When arranging a water supply system from a well to a house, it is most often used pipes with a diameter of 25-32 mm made of metal-plastic - a polymer material that bends easily and is highly resistant to corrosion.

Water pipes are laid from the source to the house, deepening below the level of soil freezing (at least 30-50 cm)

Options for autonomous water supply from a well

Having on the plot shallow well if the water level in the source allows, install or hand pump. The essence of the automated system is that under the action of submersible pump water is pumped into a hydropneumatic tank, the capacity of which can vary from 100 to 500 liters.

When working with a shallow sand well, the best option is to equip an automated water supply system that will ensure uninterrupted water supply to the house.

The water storage tank itself is separated by a rubber membrane and a relay, thanks to which the water pressure in the tank is regulated. When the tank is full, the pump is turned off, if water is consumed, a signal is sent to turn on the pump and pump out water. This means that the pump can work both directly, supplying water to the system, and after reducing the pressure in the system to a certain level, in order to replenish the “reserves” of water in the hydropneumatic tank. The receiver itself (hydraulic tank) is placed in any convenient place at home, most often in the utility room.

From the caisson to the place where the pipe enters the house, a trench is laid, on the bottom of which they lay water pipe and electrical cable to power the pump. If possible, it is better to purchase a heating electric cable, which, in addition to its direct purpose, will protect the water pipe from freezing.

Method # 2 - with the installation of a deep pump

With this method of water supply, a deep pump pumps water from a well into a storage tank, which is placed on an elevated point in the house.

Most often, a place for arranging a storage tank is allocated in one of the rooms on the second floor of the house, or in the attic. When placing a container in the attic, to prevent freezing of water in the winter months, the walls of the tank must be insulated

Due to the placement of the tank on a hill, the effect of a water tower is created, in which, due to the height difference between the hydraulic tank and the connection points, pressure arises when 1 m of water column is equal to 0.1 atmospheres. The tank can be made from of stainless steel or food grade plastic. Capacity - from 500 to 1500 liters. The larger the volume of the tank, the greater the supply of water: in the event of a power outage, it will automatically flow into the tap.

Installing a limit float switch will ensure automatic switch on pump when the water level in the tank drops.

Deep well pumps are used in cases where the distance to the water level in the well exceeds 9 meters or more

When choosing a pump, well productivity should be taken into account. Despite the fact that the power of the unit will only affect the rate of filling the water storage tank, when choosing a unit, it is better to start from the mark of the maximum water flow to the house.

The deep-well pump, together with the electric cable and pipe, is lowered into the well, suspended on a galvanized cable using a winch, which is installed inside the caisson. To maintain the necessary pressure in the system and prevent pumping water back into the well, a check valve is placed above the pump.

After installing all the elements of the system, it remains only to check the internal wiring to the connection points and connect the equipment to the control panel.

the total cost automatic system water supply is about 3000-5000 dollars. It depends on the depth of the source, the type of pump and the number of water intake points inside the house. From 30% to 50% of this amount goes to the engineering arrangement of the system, the rest of the expenses go to the elements that determine the level of living comfort.

Downhole pump and its piping for a domestic well:

Do you want to ensure the water supply of your country house on your own? Agree that doing this work with your own hands is quite a feasible task if you know the nuances of the device of the water supply system.

We will help you deal with the subtleties and basic rules - in this article we will talk about how to equip a water pipe in a private house with our own hands. Where to start and how to carry out all the work correctly.

For a better understanding of the process, we have selected visual photos and plumbing plans. Also, the article is supplemented with useful video recommendations on the rules for water supply and tips on installing system input nodes in a country house.

Regardless of whether water supply is being installed in an inhabited building or laid during the construction of a new one, its design and installation must be approached very responsibly.

First of all, you need to decide on the source for the water supply. You need to know that according to the norms, the plumbing system should provide water to each of the residents of the house based on the calculation of 30-50 liters per person per day.

When arranging a bathroom and sewerage, the calculated indicator increases three times. For watering the garden and green spaces, a water consumption of at least 5 liters per square meter is assumed. meter.

Image gallery

It turns out that the volume of water consumption of a country house is quite large. Therefore, the choice of water source must be approached as responsibly as possible.

The owner can choose between decentralized and centralized water supply. In the first option, the source of water supply will be, etc. In the second, there is a water supply network that feeds his settlement.

Collector scheme of breeding water supply

The main difference from parallel wiring is the presence of a special distribution unit - a collector, from which a separate pipeline is laid to each consumer. This makes it possible to supply water to all taps with the same pressure.

Depending on the length of the system, it may include several collectors. Main disadvantage such a system - a large consumption of pipes.

Typical scheme plumbing looks something like this. It starts either from the point of insertion into a centralized main, or from the site of connecting the system to a well or other source of water supply.

In the latter case, a pump or pumping station must be installed here, supplying water to the system. It also assumes the presence of a hydraulic accumulator and a shut-off valve, which is used in case of a leak or scheduled repairs.

If necessary, divide the flow of water, use a tee. It will form two streams: one will be used for technical needs, such as watering the garden, pool, shower, etc., and the second will be sent to the house.

The pipe that drains water into the house must be equipped with a filtration system to purify the liquid from all kinds of impurities.

At this stage, coarse filters will be quite enough.

The collector is a distribution node in which the general flow is divided into several branches

Next, on the pipe entering the house, you will need to install another tee. This is done only if the organization of hot water is supposed to be. The flow will be divided into cold and heated water.

The cold water supply pipe is connected to the appropriate collector, from which the wiring is carried out further through the building. The hot pipeline is first connected to the water heater, then to the corresponding collector, and then - similarly to the first option.

When designing wiring, experts strongly recommend minimizing the length of pipelines as much as possible and minimizing the number of joints and bends. After all, they are the potential causes of leaks.

In addition, it is highly undesirable to perform pipe turns at right angles. This significantly reduces the pressure in the line.

Image gallery

Plumbing can be laid hidden or open way. The first one is the most aesthetic. He assumes that the pipes will be laid in strobes laid inside the walls or closed with decorative boxes.

In this case, it is important that the material from which the parts are made is not subject to corrosion, since it will be extremely problematic to notice a leak in time. Pipes mounted in an open way are laid over the walls.

Stages of plumbing installation

When laying water pipes on your own in a private house, experts recommend following several rules and adhering to a specific action plan. Let's talk about this in more detail.

Stage #1. Preparation for work

First of all, it is better to start laying the pipeline from the water consumer, and not vice versa. It will be easier. First, using an adapter for a threaded type connection, we fasten the water pipe to the consumer.

It is advisable to install a shut-off ball valve between the adapter and the device. It will make it possible, if necessary, to quickly shut off the water supply or repair a broken device without any problems. From the water consumer, the pipe is diverted to the collector.

Also, when performing wiring, you need to follow a few simple rules:

1. Pipes should be placed at a distance of about 20 mm from the wall, so it will be easier to repair them.
2. It is highly undesirable to lay pipes so that they pass through partitions or walls. If it is still necessary, the parts are placed in a special glass.
3. Clips are used to fasten to the walls. They must be present every one and a half to two meters and at all corner joints.
4. If it is planned to install drain taps, the pipe is laid with a slight slope towards it.
5. When performing a bypass inner corner the part is placed at a distance of 30-40 mm from the wall, while bypassing the outer one - 15 mm.

Before making the connection to the collector, it is strongly recommended to install shut-off valves on the pipe going to the consumer. This will allow you to quickly disconnect the branch from the system in case of an emergency, as well as repair it without any problems.

Water pipes can be laid in a hidden way inside the gates made in the wall of the building. Hidden way gaskets are most often used to implement collector wiring

Stage #2. Pipe selection

The parts from which the plumbing system is assembled must be inert to chemical and thermal effects, strong, wear-resistant and, if possible, light.

That is why, for arranging the system in country house most often choose polyethylene, polypropylene or PVC pipes. When choosing, consider operating temperature plastics, not all can interact with hot water.

Modern plastic parts equipped large quantity components, which allows you to assemble a design of any degree of complexity

Alternatively, you can use . There are many arguments in favor of assembling a water pipe from plastic elements. First of all, the design is light, but at the same time durable.

Installation of the system is so simple that even a beginner can handle it. Soldering is used to fasten the parts, resulting in very strong, almost monolithic connections.

Another plus is the possibility of bending the elements, which can significantly reduce the number of dangerous sections in the sense of an emergency. Where it is necessary to connect metal and plastic elements, special fittings are used. combined type with special metal inserts.

Plastic parts have high torsional rigidity. This is very important for cases where the pump develops a large torque.

If necessary, the plastic pipeline can be upgraded, which is also important. In addition to plastic and metal-plastic, traditional options can be used. These include details or .

The main disadvantage of the first option is the susceptibility to corrosion. Copper pipes have many advantages, but their cost is very high.

An important point is the choice of the diameter of the parts. It is carried out on the basis of the length of a particular section of the pipeline.

For lines longer than 30 m, parts with a diameter of 32 mm are selected, pipelines shorter than 10 m are assembled from elements with a cross section of 20 mm. Lines of medium length are mounted from pipes with a diameter of 25 mm.

Image gallery

Stage #3. Connection of a pumping station

Another important issue that must be considered when installing a water supply system in a country house is this.

It has already been said above that a pumping station or pressure tank can be used to provide the building with enough water. Using the second option is quite troublesome. As practice shows, most homeowners choose a pumping station.

The device pumps water from a well, less often from a well. This equipment is sensitive to low temperatures, so it is placed in the basement, basement or heated technical room.

True, in this case, the noise from a running pump can interfere with residents. In some cases, the equipment is placed in a specially equipped caisson that closes.

The pumping station is a set of equipment that ensures the full pumping of water from a well or from a well

Works on connection of the pumping station in in general terms are carried out as follows. From the source to the equipment comes a pipe, on which a brass fitting is put on, equipped with an adapter with a diameter of 32 mm.

A tee equipped with a drain cock is connected to it. This will make it possible to turn off the water supply if necessary. A check valve is connected to the tee. The device will not allow water to return to the well.

It may be necessary to make a turn in the line to direct the pipe to the pumping station. If so, a special corner is used. All subsequent elements are connected using the so-called "American".

First, a shut-off ball valve is connected, which turns off the water supply if necessary. Then a coarse filter is installed, which will protect the device from impurities.

The pumping station can be installed in an insulated caisson above the head of the well, or it can be mounted in a house, in any heated room

After that, the pumping station is connected. There is a nuance here. The equipment involves the installation of a damper tank and. If the pump is in the well, and all other equipment is located in the house, then the pressure switch is installed on top of the pipe.

A damper tank is mounted below. After that, the dry running sensor is connected. It will not allow the pump to work without water, it will save it from breakage.

The last connection element is an adapter for a pipe with a diameter of 25 mm. After all the details are installed, it is recommended to check the quality of the work performed. To do this, start the pump and let it run for a while.

If the equipment will regularly pump water, then everything is fine and you can continue to work. If not, you need to find the cause and eliminate it.

Stage #4. Installing a hydraulic accumulator

Stage #5. Installation of water treatment equipment

Water treatment is also not included. mandatory elements plumbing. However, practice shows that most homeowners install such equipment. It is especially necessary for those who use a well or a well as a source of water.

The quality of such water is usually far from ideal. The fluid coming from the well is in most cases contaminated with mechanical impurities.

Therefore, at least coarse filters should be installed. In order to fully protect the plumbing system and household appliances connected to it, it is necessary to accurately determine the nature of the impurities and chemical composition water coming from a well.

To do this, samples are taken to the laboratory and obtained, which will show which filters are needed for this system.

Water treatment equipment is installed after the accumulator. It is a set of filters selected based on the results of the analysis of the water entering the house.

Combined devices can be installed here, which include several filters at once.

However, it makes no sense to install fine filters and reverse osmosis here. Such equipment is installed only in the kitchen to purify a small amount of water that will be used for drinking and cooking.

Plumbing in private building, whether it is a summer residence or a full-fledged residential building, is necessary. Moreover, you can design and assemble the system yourself. At the same time, it is important to listen to the advice of specialists and not deviate from the instructions.

If it seems too complicated, you can trust the work construction company. Professionals will do everything quickly and efficiently necessary work, and the owner will only have to accept the finished structure into operation.

If your experience with home plumbing differs from the installation rules outlined here, please leave your comments below the article.

We will send the material to you by e-mail

To organize the water supply of a private house from a well, the equipment installation scheme must take into account daily water consumption, the depth of the aquifer, and the removal of the source from the cottage. The main problems of autonomous water supply are: the stabilization of pressure in pipes, the choice of pumping equipment, its placement at the mouth or inside the dwelling.

House water supply from a well

Features of water supply from a well

The main differences between a well and a well are the following nuances:

• the possibility of taking water from several horizons - perch, sandy, artesian horizons;

• reliable sealing of the mouth - to protect a small hole in the ground from debris, precipitation is much easier;

• greater depths - more powerful volatile equipment is used, in case emergency shutdown electricity needs a backup generator;
• a caisson - a pit with a depth of 1.5 - 2.5 m at the mouth is necessary for inserting a pressure line, which must be located below the freezing mark, for placing equipment.

Related article:

If you plan to supply a private house from a well, the scheme should take into account several factors:

• operating mode- in dwellings of periodic use (cottage), heating is switched on sporadically, therefore it is necessary to provide for a slope for regular draining of fluid from all internal circuits (winter water supply);

• source characteristics- only artesian wells have a maximum resource (50 years), the water from them almost does not require filtration, does not contain sand impurities that are harmful to deep / surface pumps;
• operating conditions– depending on the ratio of the well flow rate / daily water consumption, different wiring schemes are used to ensure that there is enough water during peak hours;
• source location- unlike a well, there is experience in operating wells inside the building ( ground floor, underground), which simplifies maintenance, reduces the budget for the construction of a water supply system.

Useful advice! The purchase of filtration, special equipment (softeners, iron removers) without consulting a specialist, laboratory analysis of fluid from a well is a waste of money. In practical conditions, coarse and fine filters are sufficient.

Overview of options, schemes, pros and cons

The principle of home plumbing is extremely simple - a pump is installed in the well or on the surface, supplying liquid to the CHC, hot water systems, for irrigation. However, there are problems:

• to maintain a stable pressure in the pipeline, the pump must operate constantly when any tap inside the house is opened, which causes increased equipment wear;
• when there is a power outage, there is no water supply;
• pump power may not be enough for several consumers;
• pumping equipment must be placed somewhere.

Therefore, the scheme includes the elements:

• source - a well "on sand" or an artesian type;
• pump - deep centrifugal or surface;
• caisson - a pit at the mouth for placing equipment, tie-ins of the pressure line below the level of soil freezing;
• non-return valve - protects against spontaneous flow of water back into the well when the pumping equipment is turned off;
• hydraulic accumulator - an expansion tank with membranes inside it that react to changes in pressure in the pressure line;
• filtration equipment - performs the function of removing impurities to improve water quality;
• automation systems - pressure switches, devices that control the presence of water inside the pump.

System elements

The budget option is the water supply of a private house from a well, the scheme of which includes a storage tank located at the highest point of the building (attic). The best option for most cottages, it becomes the use of a pumping station, which also includes a hydraulic accumulator.

If the well flow rate is insufficient during peak loads, it has a depth of more than 50 m, or is located far from the building, you will have to choose a two-stage scheme that has the maximum resource for construction and operation. only on the pressure line after the HC, otherwise the pump may fail if the cartridges become clogged.

tower system

With a tower water supply of a private house from a well, the scheme looks like:

• pump - fills a container located in the attic, the volume of which is sufficient to provide all consumers during peak hours, water enters the taps, the boiler flows by gravity;
• expansion tank - no additional equipment or equipped with a float switch, after filling the pump is turned off, as the liquid is consumed, the level decreases, the equipment turns on again.

This a budget option However, space is required for the tank, head/pressure in internal DHW circuits, cold water are not stable.

Pumping station

The scheme of the water supply system of a private house from a well with a pumping station is more convenient to use:

When the pressure in the pressure line decreases when the tap is opened, the relay is activated, the pump pumps water into the accumulator. After the membrane is stretched, the pump is turned off, the pressure in the cold water and hot water pipes equalizes independently.

Two-stage feed

If the power of the pumping station is not enough during the peak water flow, an expansion tank with a float switch is installed after it. The pump fills the tank, turns off, after the tank the next injection pump is mounted. The accumulator is installed after it in a similar way.

Thanks to expansion tank the flow rate of the system is increased to the required level.

Winter plumbing

The problem of draining water is relevant, not only during the periodic operation of the water supply system in the home, but also during repair work. Therefore, even in cottages of permanent residence, a winter water supply scheme is used.

To do this, all circuits of the system have a slope for gravity draining of the liquid. check valve on the suction pipe prevents water from flowing back. In addition, the volume of the well does not allow a large amount of liquid to be drained into it.

Therefore, in lower section the sewer pipe cuts into the system, during repair work or conservation of the water supply system between visits to the dacha in winter, the water is drained into or a separate shambo.

Related article:

Plumbing installation technology

After the daily water consumption has been calculated, a water supply scheme has been drawn up in a private house from a well and the pipe section, the characteristics of the pumping station have been selected, and installation is underway. The technology looks like:

• production of a source - drilling a sand or artesian well inside the house or on the site, installation of a casing pipe;
• construction of a caisson - a well at the mouth with a depth below the freezing mark, with a diameter sufficient to accommodate and maintain equipment, top part covered with a hatch, decorated in landscape design;
• installation of equipment - pumping station, filters;