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The choice and installation of hinges for metal doors have their own nuances. Their consideration and understanding of technology will help to securely install metal doors for long-term operation.
Installation of hinges for metal doors
Before installing hinges for metal doors, it is worth lifting the doors above the plane of the welding table. To do this, place pieces of a profile or pipe under the door frame.
Most often, in the manufacture of loops, a rod or reinforcement made of steel 2 cm in diameter is used. To work softer and easier, one ball from the bearing is placed in them.
Adjustment of hinges of metal doors occurs in such a way that the lower and upper hinges are aligned and well fixed. After that, the canopies are welded to the box and the canvas. The lower part of the hinge is welded to the frame, and the upper part to the door leaf.
After careful welding, the tacks are cut off, with which the sheet was attached to the box.
At the end of the work, it is necessary to clean the welding seams so that the hinges for the entrance metal doors acquire a pleasant aesthetic appearance. Now it remains to paint to protect the doors from corrosion.
Hidden hinges for metal doors
Hidden hinges for metal doors are used if increased burglary resistance is required. Hidden awnings have more advantages than conventional awnings, namely:
Aesthetics. Hidden hinges do not violate the integrity of the canvas from a visual point of view and are perfect for doors with an "invisible box".
Reliability. Metal entrance doors with hidden hinges can withstand a load of 25-30 kg each. A conventional canopy is designed for a load half as much.
Comfort. The fittings make it possible to adjust the sashes, both during installation and during operation. Special devices allow you to rotate the canvas up to 180 degrees.
Durability. Hidden hinges for metal doors will last longer than open canopies, as they are hidden in the profile and do not need additional care or lubrication.
Versatility. This type of hinge is suitable not only for metal, but also for any other type of material.
Disadvantages of hidden loops:
- The production of such loops has a complex technology, respectively, the parts are more expensive than usual;
- The doorway is reduced;
- Not all hinges have full door opening angle.
Installation of hidden hinges
- Lutka is equipped with a deep seat. It is cut with a milling cutter.
- A reciprocal part is made on the box in the form of a shallow groove.
- The installation does not need to be disconnected.
- Most of it is mounted in a box, and a smaller one in a canvas.
- Both elements must be fixed with self-tapping screws, connect and adjust the sashes.
Hidden installation of hinges on metal doors requires increased accuracy and is best done by specialists.
Closer hinges for metal doors
The closer hinge for metal doors is very common at the entrances to the entrances of residential high-rise buildings and offices.
A closer is a device that controls the independent process of closing a door.
The principle of operation of most door closers is the same, but for each individual door it is necessary to choose the right one in terms of characteristics, installation method and design.
Hidden door hinges appeared on the market about a quarter of a century ago and were originally intended only for metal doors. At the moment, there are concealed mounting hinges, both for iron entrance doors and for wooden doors. Next, we will analyze the pros and cons of such fittings, and home craftsmen will learn how to embed and adjust door hinges with their own hands.
Hidden door hinges are considered one of the most convenient and practical types of fittings.
Advantages of hidden awnings
Hidden hinges for doors are now in rather high demand and the reason for this is a number of undeniable advantages of these mechanisms.
- Hidden canopies belong to anti-vandal fittings, these mechanisms are not visible, which means that they cannot be influenced in any way, for example, cut off;
- The range of hidden awnings impresses with its variety, there are awnings in furniture design, for light cabinets and at the same time powerful metal hinges for doors with a quarter are produced;
- Door canopies for hidden installation are especially valued in the furniture industry, such fittings do not spoil the appearance of products;
- The amplitude or opening angle of a hidden canopy is often greater than that of its traditional counterpart;
- Concealed hinges are made either from stainless steel or from alloys of increased strength and can withstand quite large loads.
Hidden hinges are made of high strength alloys, especially for steel door canopies
Cons of hidden awnings
In the material world, absolutely ideal things, in principle, do not exist, there are also disadvantages to hidden models of canopies.
- Installing hidden awnings is an order of magnitude more difficult than installing conventional hinges;
- Canopies with a decent quality of the hinge and the bearing part cost from 1800 rubles. a piece. Of course, there are loops on the market for 500 - 700 rubles, but they are not regulated and often of dubious quality;
- Not all models of canopies are disassembled, so in order to remove the door leaf based on cheap hinges, these hinges must be completely unscrewed;
- To embed such a canopy, the door leaf must have an appropriate thickness. Hidden hinges for metal doors usually have a place to immerse, and problems can arise with frame interior doors.
Not every interior door is thick enough to insert hidden hinges.
How to embed hidden awnings yourself
From a technical point of view, installing hidden loops is not difficult, but such work requires a specialized tool that not every home master has.
Concealed Canopy Insertion Tool
When it comes to wooden, furniture or frame doors, the main tool for cutting is a manual cutter with a fixed bed. Theoretically, instead of a cutter, you can use feather drills and a set of chisels, but it is difficult to cleanly choose a bed for a hidden canopy with this set.
The main tool for selecting a bed for a hidden canopy is a hand mill with an adjustable bed and a template.
In addition to the cutter, the master will also need a minimum set of home tools:
- A set of pen drills from 10 mm to 25 mm;
- A set of chisels;
- Roulette;
- Awl;
- Square;
- Electric drill;
- Screwdriver;
- A hammer.
To tie in canopies and locks with your own hands, you need a set of simple home tools
Inserting a hidden canopy into a wooden door
With a tool, inserting a hidden canopy takes no more than half an hour, an amateur can take an hour to do this work.
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First of all, the doors are placed on the floor and rigidly fixed. To make it easier to mark, you can stick a paper strip or masking tape on the end of the doors. |
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Such templates are sold and cost reasonable money. For mounting on the structure, lambs are provided, if there are none, then we fix the template with clamps.
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To install one door, it is not necessary to spend money on professional templates. Using the same frieze, you can make templates of the desired size with your own hands. Just measure the canopy and cut out a template from thick plywood under it, and then this template is fixed on the canvas with clamps. |
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The cutter selects cleanly, but not every tool can select the desired depth. If there is not enough depth, then we take a pen drill of the appropriate diameter and go deeper. We clean the remains with a chisel and a knife. |
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The bed is cleaned to smooth walls; during operation, you need to constantly try on canopies. |
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Usually, hidden hinges are installed at the stage of arranging the doors, and in order to transfer the markup to the box, it is enough to attach the loot to the door leaf and draw a couple of marks. If the box is already standing, then the canvas will have to be placed on linings and the markup should be transferred directly to the box. |
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The selection of a bed for a canopy in the door frame is carried out in a similar way. During the fastening of the canopies, the entry points of the self-tapping screws must be drilled with a thin drill so that the self-tapping screw does not go to the side. |
Hidden hinges for iron doors
For steel doors, 2 types of hidden hinges are used - adjustable and non-adjustable. Adjustable models are usually mounted at the factory, it is problematic to install an adjustable canopy yourself. But unregulated loops are quite realistic to make and weld with your own hands.
Adjusting hidden hinges on metal doors, including setting up Chinese iron doors of the same type, you will find step-by-step instructions for such a setting.
No matter how strange it may sound, hidden hinges for iron doors can be made with your own hands and relatively cheaply. The basis here is a standard garage shed that works on the principle of dad-mum. And as a profile tool, a welding machine and a grinder with a metal disc act.
As practice shows, an ordinary garage canopy lasts much longer than expensive mechanisms with complex adjustments.
- Most boxes for metal doors are made from a corner with a width of at least 50 × 50 mm. The main part of the canopy with a rod (male) is welded to the inside of the box;
Important! Any hinges for entrance or interior doors are mounted at a distance of 20 - 25 cm from the upper and lower edges of the door leaf. If installation of a third canopy is provided, then it is fastened clearly in the middle between the upper and lower loops.
- To gain access to the canopy, we need to cut off part of the corner. The height of such a window is equal to two sizes of the mating part of the canopy (mother). Such a cutout is made so that, if necessary, the door leaf can be removed from the canopies;
- Now we install the frame of the door leaf inside the box and, observing all the gaps, fix it with clamps (the gap between the door leaf and the box in metal doors is 5 mm);
- A U-shaped arc is welded to the door leaf, usually such an arc is made from the same corner as the door frame;
- The counterpart of the door canopy (mother) is welded to the outer edge of the arc. The photo below shows the assembly diagram in detail.
The easiest way to make an arc connecting the door leaf with a canopy is from a corner
In factory models, door frames and the doors themselves are made specifically for a specific model of hidden hinges.
Non-adjustable hidden hinges with a simple garage base are used on most reinforced steel doors. Masters choose them for two reasons, firstly, the garage canopy is able to withstand a sash weighing more than 250 kg, and secondly, the simplicity of the design makes it highly reliable, there is nothing to break.
In the door frame with hidden garage-type hinges, a groove is made to remove the canvas
How to set up hidden hinges
Like any similar mechanisms, hidden hinges are divided by the weight that they can withstand. Lightweight models are placed on furniture and frame doors, and reinforced ones are used on massive wooden canvases. First, let's consider setting up light canopies.
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The vertical is adjusted by a screw located between the two bearing brackets. The adjustment stroke is about one and a half millimeters. |
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Horizontal adjustment is carried out with a screw located in that part of the canopy that is installed in the door leaf. This screw is there alone, so it's hard to make a mistake. The adjustment stroke is 1 mm. |
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The clamping of the door leaf is regulated by a screw, which is located in the part of the canopy embedded in the door frame. The adjustment stroke is 1 mm. |
Fine-tuning reinforced hidden awnings is a little more complicated than the previous option, but it is quite within the reach of a home master.
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Vertical adjustment For fine tuning in reinforced hinges, a section embedded in the door frame is used. There are 6 screws on it, all these screws are installed near the mounting screws, 3 on the top and 3 on the bottom. |
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The clamp is also adjusted in the section of the canopy that is cut into the box. Adjustment is carried out using 2 screws located above the arc and below the arc. |
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Horizontal setting The horizontal adjustment of the doors is carried out from the part of the hinge that is cut into the door leaf. To do this, there are 2 screws, above the arc and below the arc. |
Conclusion
With a tool and the instructions given above, embedding hidden door hinges with your own hands will not be difficult. The video in this article shows the subtleties of the tie-in of popular models clearly. If you have something to add to what has been said or have questions, welcome to the comments.
Door hinges provide fastening of a cloth to a box and with their help opening and closing of a door is carried out. There is a large selection of such accessories, but hidden ones are very popular. They provide smooth and silent opening of the canvas. In addition, such structures are not visible from the outside with closed doors, have a long service life and affordable cost. Some models of hidden hinges allow you to open the doors 180°, which greatly facilitates the movement of large items.
Hidden door hinge device
For smooth and easy opening of the door, the hinges must be correctly selected and installed. Hidden or hidden loops are popular. For their installation, special holes are made in the door frame and canvas, and when the sash is closed, such canopies are not visible.
According to the regulations, door hinges, including hidden ones, must provide the following characteristics:
- free opening and closing of the door leaf;
- reliable fixation of the door and box during operation;
- safety, they should not allow spontaneous separation of the sash from the door frame;
- the possibility of fixing the canvas in extreme positions;
- high-quality performance of functions during the warranty period.
Concealed hinges from well-known manufacturers are highly durable, so they can withstand up to 200,000 operating cycles.
To create hidden hinges that are installed on interior doors, an alloy of four metals is usually used, which is called tsamak. It contains magnesium, aluminium, zinc and copper. Tsamak has good fluidity at a low melting temperature, so high-temperature furnaces are not required for production organization. It has sufficient strength and smooth surface.
To give the finished hinges an attractive appearance, a nickel-plated, chrome-plated or brass finish is used, which can be glossy or matte.
Hidden door hinges do not spoil the appearance of the door leaf, as they are not visible in its closed position
If we talk about the design of hidden loops, then it will be more difficult than that of overhead or mortise models.
The invisible loop includes the following elements:
- metal case;
- hinge, it hides in the hinge body;
- lever, this element consists of two parts, which are fastened together by a steel movable axis, and provides a connection between the hinge and the canvas;
- anti-friction bushings, they serve to improve sliding.
The hidden hinge consists of the following basic elements: a central swivel (1) and two non-swivel axles (3), a lever (2)
Before you buy hidden hinges, you need to decide on the direction of opening the door. There are left and right products, as well as universal ones. The latter can be installed on either side of the box.
In addition, there is a division of hidden loops into unregulated and adjustable. It is clear that the cost of the latter will be higher. If we talk about the materials of the door frame and sash into which such hinges are installed, then this is wood, aluminum or steel.
To ensure maximum service life, experts recommend installing three hidden hinges, especially for heavy door panels.
Depending on what load the hidden loops are designed for, their sizes will differ. For interior doors, it is enough to install parts that can withstand a load of 40–50 kg. The weight of entrance doors can reach up to 200 kg, so more powerful models will be needed here.
Although universal hinges are more convenient to install, they are less reliable. Experts recommend choosing hidden hinges, taking into account the opening of the canvas.
More reliable are the left and right door hinges, but universal models can also be purchased.
These models have appeared relatively recently. Since the hinge and the closer are combined in one mechanism, it is not necessary to additionally install a shock-absorbing device. Externally, such products are practically no different from traditional ones. They may have a larger size, and the main difference is in the design.
The hinge with a closer has a built-in shock-absorbing mechanism, the main working element of which is a spring. When the door leaf is opened, it stretches, and when released, it begins to shrink. Due to this, the sash returns to its original closed position.
In order for the door to close smoothly, an oil shock absorber is used. In this case, the spring is placed in the cylinder. It has a system of valves through which oil moves from one chamber to another. When the door is opened, the process occurs in one direction, and when it is closed, in the opposite direction. The spring is in a viscous medium, so the compression rate decreases. This allows the door leaf to close more slowly and softly and avoid hitting the box.
The spring of the closer, placed in a cylinder with oil, ensures smooth closing of the door
When choosing hidden hinges with a closer, it should be borne in mind that they can not be installed on all types of doors. Such models cannot be used for heavy products, since the loops will not be able to perform their functions normally and will quickly fail.
The number of hinges will depend on the weight of the door leaf:
- for a sash weighing 40–50 kg, experts recommend installing two hidden hinges with a closer;
- for doors weighing from 50 to 90 kg, it is necessary to mount three canopies;
- for a web of more than 100–120 kg, it is not recommended to use such hinges; it is better to install a powerful door closer separately.
Another disadvantage is that it is necessary to set the door block with a slight deviation from the vertical. This is necessary to facilitate the work of the mechanism of parts. In each case, the angle is determined individually. If you make the slope large, then the canvas will close on its own even without a closer. With a small web angle, the work of the mechanism becomes more complicated, it fails faster.
Due to the presence of a built-in cushioning mechanism, such hinges have a number of advantages:
- the absence of blade impacts on the box, which prolongs the service life, and if there are children in the house, then the presence of a door closer will minimize the risk of injury;
- there is no need to hold the door when closing;
- absence of drafts.
Advantages and disadvantages of hidden door hinges
At first, hidden hinges were installed only on entrance doors, this is due to their high burglary resistance. Now many people have begun to mount such canopies on interior rooms, while they are guided by the following advantages of hidden hinges:
- Attractiveness. Such hinges do not spoil the appearance of the canvas, therefore they can be installed on almost all types of doors, including products with an “invisible” frame.
- High reliability. A pair of concealed hinges can support a 50 kg door leaf, while conventional hinges are designed for a leaf weight of 30 kg.
- Comfort. They can be adjusted in three directions: vertically, horizontally and clamping. This can be done both during installation and during operation. Such an adjustment is important for new buildings, since after a while the house may shrink, which is why the doors begin to close poorly. Some models of hidden loops allow you to open the canvas 180 o.
- Long service life.
- Versatility. Such hinges can be mounted on canvases made of wood and metal, as well as synthetic materials. Most manufacturers include such accessories in the range.
Despite the large number of advantages, hidden loops also have disadvantages:
- The high cost of accessories.
- The risk of deforming the door frame when trying to open the doors abruptly due to the presence of levers.
- The low strength of the door structure due to the creation of holes in the box and leaf for the installation of such hinges.
- The reduced width of the porch at the entrance door on the hinge side, therefore, the sealing of the gaps deteriorates.
- Difficult installation of the platband, since when the door is opened, the canvas rests against it.
What to Look for When Choosing Concealed Door Hinges
When choosing such products, it is worth paying attention not only to their cost, but also to performance characteristics.
It is better to buy accessories from trusted manufacturers, such as AGB, Armadillo, Krona Koblenz and others. No need to try to save money by buying loops of dubious origin. Door hinges should provide not only smooth and easy opening of the leaf, but also reliable fixation to the box.
The Italian company AGB is a well-known manufacturer of hidden hinges.
There is no specific instruction for the correct choice of hidden loops. To purchase fittings that meet your requirements, it is enough to determine the following parameters:
- The side of the opening of the canvas. There are right and left loops. You can buy universal models, but their strength is lower.
- Loop size. To do this, you need to determine the weight of the canvas. If it is 15–25 kg, then loops 7–8 cm long are sufficient, and when the weight of the door is 25–40 kg, then canopies 10 cm long should be installed.
- Number of loops. This indicator also depends on the weight of the door leaf. On lightweight structures, it is enough to install two hinges. If the canvas is heavy, then 3-4 canopies will be needed.
- Material. For heavy entrance doors, it is necessary to purchase hinges made of steel or brass. They are more durable, but also more expensive. For interior structures, tsamak alloy hinges can be used. Their strength is sufficient for reliable fixation of interior paintings, and the cost of such fittings is less than that of steel or brass.
Features of installing hidden loops
To install hidden loops with your own hands you will need:
- measuring instruments;
- pencil;
- electric drill with a milling cutter nozzle or a manual milling cutter;
- screwdriver;
- building level;
- chisel;
- a hammer.
It will not work to install hidden hinges without a milling cutter or a drill with a milling nozzle
Installation of hidden hinges on wooden doors
The installation process of such parts consists of the following steps:
- Door leaf marking. At 20–25 cm from the upper and lower edges, places for loops are marked and their contours are outlined. If you need to install a third canopy, then it should be exactly in the middle between the other two. There should be two contours: the inner one for the loop, and the outer one for the overlay.
A loop is laid on the marked place and its contours are traced
- Door frame layout. The canvas is inserted into the box, the position is adjusted with the help of pegs and fixed. Opposite the marks for the loops on the canvas indicate the places for the holes on the box. After that, the sash is removed, loops are applied to the box in the marked places and their contours are outlined.
If the door frame has not yet been installed, then it will be much easier to transfer the markings for the hinges from the canvas to the box
- Loop cut. First, using a hammer and chisel, make a hole for the loop lining. The depth of the recess should be equal to the thickness of the part. After that, a hole is made with a drill with a milling nozzle. To determine the depth, measure the height of the loop without an overlay. Notches are made both on the door leaf and on the box.
A place for an overlay is created with a chisel and a hammer, and a place for a loop is created with a milling cutter or drill with a milling nozzle
- Loop fixing. First you need to separate them, for this you need to unscrew the fixing screw. Large hinge elements are inserted into the prepared holes on the box and the fasteners are screwed with a screwdriver. This must be done evenly so that there is no distortion. Now smaller elements are fixed in the canvas. It remains to expose the canvas and connect both parts of the hinge with a fixing screw.
When fixing the hinge, it is necessary to clamp the screws evenly so that there is no distortion of the structure
Video: installation of hidden loops
Installing hidden hinges on homemade metal doors
Factory metal doors already have holes for installing hidden hinges and the canopies themselves are included, so there are no installation problems.
If you decide to install them on homemade steel doors, then there is an affordable option. In this case, hidden loops are created on the basis of an external canopy, popularly called "father-mother".
You can make it only in the process of making the door. The work is performed in the following sequence:
Video: installation of hidden hinges on homemade steel doors
How to adjust hidden door hinges
After installing the hidden loops, you need to adjust them. This procedure may also be required due to the fact that the canvas sags during operation.
Hidden hinges are adjustable in three directions:
- Horizontally. To do this, use a hexagon to turn the adjusting screw located on the right side of the hinge at the top. Thus, the web is aligned on both sides with respect to the box, while the adjustment value is 1 mm.
Horizontal adjustment allows you to move the canvas by 1 mm
- Vertically. To do this, turn the adjusting screw, it connects the two hinge levers. This allows you to even out the gaps between the sash, the floor and the top of the box. The adjustment value is 1.5–2 mm.
Vertical adjustment allows you to move the blade by 1.5–2 mm
- By pressing. Using a hexagon, turn the eccentric located on the left side of the loop. Achieve uniform pressing of the sash to the box around the entire perimeter. You can adjust by 1 mm to either side.
Adjustment of the hinges helps to align the position of the door in any direction
After the hidden hinges have been adjusted, decorative trims can be installed.
Video: adjusting hidden loops
More recently, hidden door hinges belonged to the category of little-known fittings. In mass use, such designs appeared no more than 20-25 years ago. Now hidden hinges for metal doors and similar canopies for wooden canvases are widely in demand, since they have a number of significant advantages. Today we will analyze how such door hinges are good, and you will also learn how to install them yourself and adjust them correctly.
Door hinges for concealed installation can have a variety of designs.
Since you are already thinking about installing flush-mounted hinges, it will not be superfluous to first find out about their strengths and weaknesses. As usual, let's start with the positives.
- The first, and perhaps the main plus, is safety, because the hidden hinges for the entrance doors can neither be cut down nor knocked out. These designs are simply not visible, and there is nothing to mean and saw.
- In this direction, there is a very wide range of models, there are both light canopies for installation in a cabinet, and massive steel hinges for doors with a quarter.
- If for steel doors the main thing is reliability and durability, then in interior doors it is desirable that the hinges are invisible. And here nothing better than hidden canopies has yet been invented.
- Most models provide an extended opening angle of the door leaf, as a result, the doors become parallel to the adjacent wall and do not interfere at all.
- Hidden hinges for doors are made either from steel or from high-strength alloys, respectively, they can withstand a serious load. Plus, the mechanism itself is buried in the box and the door leaf, which gives additional reliability to the design.
Canopies for heavy iron doors are made of high quality steel.
As for the shortcomings, it should be recognized that there are no ideal things in this world, which means that hidden door hinges have their own flaws.
- First of all, experts point to a rather troublesome installation. Installation requires a special tool, but we will talk about this a little later.
- A good hidden canopy costs the corresponding money, now the price starts from 1800 rubles. a piece. Of course, there is a product for 600 rubles, and if you wish, you can even find it for 300 rubles, but the quality of the hinge there is very mediocre, and besides, such canopies are not regulated.
- In continuation of the topic of cost, one can also say about a large number of fakes: people want to buy cheaper, and as a result they acquire low-quality accessories.
- Not every hidden canopy can be dismantled. In cheap models, in order to dismantle the doors, you need to completely remove the canopies.
- Hidden door canopies - a thing quite voluminous. There is often enough space in the door leaf, but the thin box of the interior door may not be designed for such a depth.
In a thin box of an interior door for a hidden canopy, there may not be enough space.
How to embed and adjust hidden hinges
Installing hidden hinges for iron and wooden doors, in terms of technology, is practically no different. At first glance, everything is simple, you need to cut a niche, insert a mechanism into it and fix it. But in any work there are many nuances.
Cutting into wood panel
In this case, in order to embed a hidden canopy at the amateur level, you will need a good tool, and the most important element here is a hand mill. Believe me, a home craftsman cannot do this work with chisels and other hand tools.
It is practically impossible to cut hidden loops without a hand cutter.
It is desirable that the cutter be with a removable bed, which can be mounted on a door leaf or box. A couple of special templates are still required for this bed, but, in extreme cases, you can do without them.
For auxiliary work, you still need:
- electric drill with a pen drill;
- roulette;
- pencil;
- chisel;
- screwdriver;
- a hammer.
If at the moment you don’t have a good tool, then the wooden door leaf can be temporarily hung on the Butterfly overhead hinges, you can get by with one screwdriver. When everything you need appears, the butterflies are unscrewed in five minutes, and hidden loops crash into their place. There are characteristics of "Butterflies", as well as step-by-step instructions for inserting photos and videos.
Butterfly hinges can be a good temporary replacement for hidden awnings.
Since we cut the hinges into the end, the door leaf is placed on its side and fixed in a vertical position. The end canopies are always installed at a distance of 200–250 mm from the edge.
In order to clearly cut a place under the top of the canopy with a cutter, it is advisable for us to acquire two templates. The first template is designed for cutting the upper, outer part of the canopy, and using the second template, the deep inner part is cut out. Templates are inserted into a special frame, which in turn is attached to the canvas with clamps.
Not to say that such a professional frame with templates would be too expensive, it just makes no sense to buy a special tool for a one-time job that may no longer be needed. Therefore, many people make such patterns with their own hands from a piece of plywood and a couple of planks.
First, the top layer is removed according to the first template. Then the template is changed, and the lower level is removed.
Often the size of the cutter is not enough to go deep as it should be, so then we take a drill with a pen drill and drill a series of blind holes according to the size of the loops. Then, with the help of a chisel, a knife and a hammer, we select the excess.
After finishing the stripping, you should get something like the one shown in the photo below.
The technology for cutting a cell in a box is exactly the same, so there is no point in repeating it again. The only thing that should be noted is the stage of fixing the canopy with self-tapping screws: you need to drill holes for the self-tapping screws with a thin drill, and only then drive them into the array.
At the end, the hinges are screwed on and the adjustment system is covered with a decorative overlay.
Hidden canopies for steel doors
Often, all metal doors come with built-in canopies. At home, you can embed a hidden canopy into iron doors with your own hands only at the stage of assembling homemade doors. If for some reason you need to hang a finished door in an assembled box, it is better to give preference to simple outdoor "father-mother" awnings.
Standard canopies like "father-mother".
Prefabricated designs usually use adjustable metal hinges. The thing is quite comfortable and reliable. Looking ahead a little, we note that the adjustment of such structures is not particularly difficult. How to adjust iron hinges, including on Chinese doors, is shown.
There is a folk version of hidden hinges for steel doors, made on the basis of the father-mother outdoor canopy.
- First, in the side wall of the box (the one that borders on the end of the door leaf), a slot is made a little more than half the size of the canopy.
- Then the lower part of the loop (dad) is welded to the box.
- The upper part of the hinge (mother) is welded to the arcuate extension, which in turn is welded to the door leaf frame. The photo below shows this principle clearly.
There are factory models of hidden loops that are made according to the same principle. The most interesting thing is that more than half of the really heavy safe-type doors weighing from 250 kg are hung precisely on such structures.
A few words about hinge adjustment
Hinges with an adjustment mechanism are lightweight and reinforced, respectively, their tuning technology is different. First, let's talk about lightweight models like "ELEMENTIS".
Vertical (height) adjustment is made with a thin hex wrench. The adjusting screw is located at the junction of the hinge holders, at the top. The maximum adjustment stroke is 1.5 mm.
Lightweight hinges are horizontally adjusted using another hexagon. The adjusting screw here is located on the part of the hinge that is cut into the door leaf. The maximum adjustment stroke is 1 mm.
Adjustment of the pressure of the door leaf to the box is carried out using an eccentric with the same hexagon. This eccentric is located on the part of the hinge that is cut into the box. The maximum adjustment stroke is 1 mm.
Now a few words about the adjustment of reinforced hinges of the "SIMONSWERK" type
Vertical adjustment here is carried out using six adjusting screws with a hexagon. All these screws are on a hinge embedded in the box.
The pressure adjustment in these hinges is carried out by two screws, which are also located on the part of the hinge that is cut into the box.
The horizontal adjustment of the leaf is carried out on that part of the hinge that is cut into the door leaf. There are two hex screws for this.
Conclusion
Hidden door hinges are a handy thing, and if you have the right tool, installing them will not be a problem, just remember to lubricate them. How it's done is written. In addition, all the subtleties of installation and settings are shown in the video in this article.
Question for scholars: what mechanism is designed for a house, a car, an airplane, and even a spaceship? No need to go to the encyclopedia or frantically enter a query into Google, just go to any door and push it. The door did not fall - it swung open, revealing to the inquisitive mind this unpretentious engineering structure called a door hinge.
In fact, the door hinge is simply irreplaceable, and the person who gave the world such a necessary mechanism was simply a genius. Now many modifications of this device have been created, which are used in almost all spheres of life. Even secret loops have been invented.
What is a door hinge: purpose
The mechanism by which any door, hatch, window frame has the ability to open by turning relative to a fixed part, for example, a door frame, is called a door hinge. In addition to the opening function, the canopy holds the entire mass of the door leaf and fastens it to the opening. In order for the door to work effectively, the turning mechanism must provide:
- Reliability of connection with the box. The doors are quite heavy. Therefore, hinges, as a rule, are made of steel or metal alloys with high strength.
- Ease of turning. High-quality canopies are adjusted in such a way that there is minimal play between the moving parts of the mechanism. This eliminates wedging at the time of opening or closing.
- Service availability. The hinges usually have technical holes for the possibility of processing them with lubricants.
- Convenient mounting holes. In any sheds, mounting holes are made for countersunk screw heads. Due to this, there is no load on pulling out the mechanism when closing the door.
- aesthetic appeal. Modern products are coated with decorative alloys by electroplating and look like a filigree loop (bronze, copper, nickel - the material of its coating). It is beautiful and, most importantly, protects against corrosion.
Types of loops and their features
There are several typical designs of the hinge mechanism used for domestic wooden doors:
- A feature is their attachment not to the end, but to the main visible plane of the door leaf. They usually have one long and one short leaf. Sometimes such canopies are made in a bizarre shape with patterns or forged.
- Cut-out design. Under these hinges at the end of the door and the frame, a special sample is made for the thickness of the leaf. They are most often used for reliability, relative ease of installation and simplicity of design. Basically, this type of mechanism is collapsible, making it possible to remove the door leaf.
- Hidden door hinges. If the models of canopies described above are visible both with the door open and closed, then this view is completely invisible to the eye in the position of the closed doors. The design is not easy to install, as it requires sampling for a complex rotary mechanism both at the end of the door and in the door frame. The price of such accessories is also more expensive.
- type. The original type of canopies, which is attached to the box with one part, and at the end of the door with the other. In this case, the door should not be flush with the frame. There are adjustable and non-regulated mechanisms.
- The design is interesting in that it allows you to open doors in both directions. This is provided by a double swivel mechanism. Additionally, they are equipped with special springs that return the open wings of the fittings to the closed position.
Basement hatch hinges
This option requires a non-standard approach. To make the entrance to the basement invisible, what needs to be organized? The answer is simple. You need a secret hatch. This is possible if the hatch cover is finished with the same material that covers the rest of the floor surface. For better camouflage, it is necessary that the gap between the door and the floor is minimal. But the question arises: how to make the lid lift easily? The fact is that the thickness of the hatch with floor covering can be several centimeters, and with ordinary canopies, the gap is simply not enough to open the hatch freely, it will catch and jam.
There is a special type of mechanism that can solve this problem - pantograph loops. They are designed in such a way that they first feed the lid up, and then take it to the side. In the closed state, the canopies are not visible, so they can be considered as hidden loops. You can additionally strengthen the lifting of the hatch by equipping the structure with a pair of pneumatic lifts from the car trunk door.
How to install hinges on a door
Let's try to install mortise-type hinges on the door. If the canopies are detachable, then first you need to decide on the side to which the doors will open (there are right and left ones). Then, taking the loops of the appropriate destination, the following is executed:
- Marking the installation location on the door leaf. To do this, the canopies are applied to the end and outline the contour of the wing of the loop with a simple pencil.
- Selection of the plane under the wing of the loop mechanism. Along the contour outlined in pencil, they pierce with a chisel to the depth of the thickness of the wing. Further, with the same chisel, a layer of wood is removed.
- Fastening fittings to the end of the door. The loop is opened and one half is applied to the place where the plane was previously removed. Then they take wood screws and fasten the mechanism with them.
- Marking the location of the hinge on the box. Open the mechanism to an angle of 90 degrees. Pick up a wooden shingles as thick as the size of the gap between the door and the floor. Install the door on the shingles at an angle of 90 degrees to the opening so that the hinge wing rests on the door frame. Circle the canopy with a pencil.
- Selecting a plane for a loop on a box - point 2 is repeated.
- Attaching the hinge to the box - repeat step 3.
It is more expedient to first fix the canopies with two screws, and add the rest after adjustment.
Loops for it is better to take one-piece, so that the lid in the open state does not move to the side.
How to adjust hinges
After the door is planted, it is slightly opened and released. Suppose that she remained in place, then she is transferred to a position of 90 degrees to the opening and released again. If the door is motionless at any opening point, then it hangs correctly and its vertical is not shifted anywhere.
Next, check the operation of the loops. Slowly opening the door leaf, make sure that the canopies do not make any other movements, except for the rotary ones provided for by the design. In the event that the hinges begin to bend or the door moves randomly in any direction when released, it is necessary to adjust the position of the hinges.
You can adjust the canopies so that the door does not open arbitrarily by placing a substrate under one part of the hinge. To do this, the lower loop is released at the point of attachment to the box and pieces of cardboard are inserted into the slot, achieving a position where the door stops moving spontaneously. After that, a wooden substrate is cut out instead of cardboard and firmly fixed under a canopy.
Align the loops so that they do not bend in the following way. At the top, the uppermost screw is slightly released, the second is completely unscrewed. Then slowly open and close the door, watching how the canopy begins to shift from the second landing hole. Mark the middle position of the loop for the entire cycle of movements and fix it rigidly through new mounting holes.
Hinges for hidden hatches do not need to be adjusted. This is a plus of the product. Such ease of use is due to the fact that the secret hatch does not carry a special load on separation.
How to take care of the mechanism
Any mechanism requires care. With regard to hinges, this is regular lubrication. If the canopies are collapsible, then it is better to treat them with lithol or similar mastic. Non-separable or hidden door hinges are usually lubricated, but in the process of movement the material is produced. Therefore, it is advisable to regularly treat such sheds with oil for lubricating sewing machines. Usually, technical holes are provided in the hinges for these purposes.
It is also important to periodically check that the screws are tight. A small play can very quickly break the mounting holes or loosen the mechanism itself. Play can be felt when opening the door, when it moves out slightly.
Homemade loops
Door hinges are not in short supply and are affordable for any person. But sometimes there is a need to make a temporary door for any work. For example, to enclose a construction site with a board and make an entrance to this territory. It is not necessary to buy iron canopies for this. You can make your own out of rubber.
For a normal worn-out car tire is suitable. Two rectangular strips of 100x300 mm are cut out of it. Strips one at the top, the second at the bottom are attached to a makeshift door. The second parts of the strips are fixed on the fence at the opening. Here is the finished door.
Automotive hinges
Canopies on the doors of transport require much more care than ordinary doors in the house. Caring for such mechanisms as hinges for the hatch to the basement also cannot be compared with car sheds. This is due to the fact that the load on them is much more intense. And also there is an impact of high positive and negative temperatures. Therefore, for the care of such mechanisms, special lubricants have been developed that provide:
- short ;
- long shelf life of lubricating properties;
- stable homogeneous structure;
- high frost resistance;
- corrosion protection.
Conclusion
It is not difficult to answer the question of which loops are best used in a particular case. You need to know the purpose of the door, its weight, and how it should look aesthetically. All canopies have load limits and purpose. But if you want to experiment, please. For example, the entrance to the basement is a non-standard situation, so the hinges for the hatch to the basement can be arranged differently. It all depends on the engineering thought of the performer.
