Water tank for water supply. Selecting a water storage tank

The main stage of arrangement country house or a private bath is the installation of a modern autonomous water supply system.

For its implementation, a reliable storage tank for water is used.

Equally important is the issue of proper placement of the device so that the finished water supply system functions properly throughout the entire period of operation.

Device and principle of operation

The storage tank for water supply is designed to create the necessary reserve of water for drinking and technical needs.

Such a device is used in modern autonomous systems for supplying hot and cold water. When there is a deficit water source, the drive replenishes it from available reserves.

Also, water tanks are successfully used in household needs for arranging summer showers and gardens. irrigation systems.

Note! Cumulative and home designed to store enough stock water resource and maintaining a powerful pressure throughout the day.

Water tanks are represented by hollow containers of various configurations and volumes, which are provided with inlet and outlet pipes, cleaning mesh filters, ventilation holes and technical revisions. More complex models are equipped with additional pumping stations.

The water level is controlled by built-in shut-off valves- float or electronic. A pumping station or a submersible pump (in simpler models) supplies water from a ready source to the storage tank.

The container is filled to the required level, after which the regulator (float valve) is activated and the intake is completed.

When the water is drained, the pump automatically turns on and the liquid supply process starts again.

Storage tanks for water can be divided into several categories:

1. According to the form of execution - round, cylinders, rectangular, non-standard;
2. By design - open (with a neck, protected by a lid and without) and closed (completely sealed);
3. According to the material of manufacture - plastic, metal, polypropylene;
4. By internal volume - from 20 to 30 liters (small), from 50 to 10 thousand liters (large);
5. By appointment - for water supply (cold, hot), summer shower, irrigation systems, water reserves;
6. According to the method of installation - vertical and horizontal placement, inside and underground.

Plastic

The most popular and practical are models of plastic tanks, which are easy to manufacture, light weight and low cost.

Large tanks take longer to fill with water than small tanks, but are more economical. After all, the larger the volume, the less often the pump is turned on.

metal

Metal tanks are made of stainless steel, resistant to corrosion and mechanical damage. This determines the high cost of such tanks, so they are often made to order.

To reduce the negative effects of corrosion, metal containers for hot water inside covered with a reliable heat-resistant enamel layer.

The most affordable option is plastic or polypropylene storage tanks with the appropriate level of thermal conductivity.

Location of water tanks

The location of the tank determines the type of plumbing and equipment that is required for the reliable and uninterrupted operation of an autonomous system.

A modern storage tank for water supply at home and a bath has two installation options - upper and lower position.

Upper

Such a scheme provides for the installation of a storage tank at the maximum allowable height - a terrace, second floor, attic, on the roof or under the ceiling. The height of the location is proportional to the force of pressure - for every 10 meters, 1 bar of pressure is added.

When operating the accumulator in winter period, the device is additionally insulated.

The top position provides best fence water even without pumping station, as well as simple and safe operation containers.

lower

This method of installing a storage tank provides for rational use free area. In this case, a pump or pumping station is required to supply water to a house or bath.

At the bottom placement, with the help of a pump, water is injected into the drive, as a result of which a special air layer is formed. When a certain level of water in the tank is reached, the air with maximum force pushes it to the intake points.

Often, to achieve optimal pressure when supplying water, a submersible drainage pump with a float installed inside the tank.

If the lower water tank is planned to be used in winter, then it should be buried in the soil to a depth below the freezing level.

Additionally, it is provided reliable insulation. When installing a summer water supply system, the storage tank can be located at a depth of up to 45 cm from the top soil level.

Important! With an underground installation method, the tank must be installed with a slight slope of up to 16 degrees. This will ensure one-sided accumulation of sedimentary masses under the cover.

Mounting process

Most affordable option organization of an autonomous water supply system in a house or bath - installation of a container on attic.

To do this, it is necessary to manufacture or purchase a bath tank of the required volume and configuration.

The tank is mounted on the top beam ceiling or in any convenient place in the attic.

Installation work is carried out in stages:

1. The foundation for the water tank is being strengthened. The floor beams are covered with wide boards.
2. The drive is installed on the prepared base.
3. A float valve is being installed. 7.5 cm recede from the upper edge, make a mark and cut out a hole of the required diameter. The tail part of the valve with a plastic sealing washer is threaded into the hole. A special stiffening plate is installed from the opposite wall of the container, another sealing washer and a nut is screwed on. All fasteners are securely fixed, a connector is screwed to the tail section, with the help of which a water pipe is connected.
4. Holes are made for the outlet pipes of the required size. A connector with a washer is screwed into the prepared holes on the inside of the container. The thread is reinforced with a special tape. Next, the washer is put on, and the nut is tightened.
5. Shut-off valves are inserted into the outlet pipes.
6. Transfer in progress. To do this, a mark is set 2.5 cm below the placement of the float-type crane and a hole is made. The overflow pipe is led into sewer system, is fixed to the walls of the tank using connectors according to a similar principle. Next, pipes are laid with compression fixation. Finished sections of the pipeline system are mounted to the walls of the tank and a wooden base.
7. The connected tank is filled with water to check the tightness of the system, as well as to regulate the float valve.
8. The container is insulated with sheet polystyrene or rolled mineral wool.

In such a simple and reliable way, you can equip autonomous system water supply, the main element of which is a storage tank for a bath or a house.

It is not always possible to provide Vacation home or cottage uninterrupted supply drinking water. The reasons may be different, but the most best solution in such cases, the water supply system of a private house with a storage tank will become.

By itself, such a tank is the simplest design. But its installation and connection to the system can cause questions and difficulties. To avoid them, read this article.

In what cases will the storage tank help out

It is not enough for a modern person to simply have water in the house. It is necessary that it flow from the tap, and with good pressure for the normal operation of water folding devices. And in some cases, only a storage tank for water supply, built into the system, can provide such work.

What are these cases:

• When there are none on or near the site, and their device is impossible. In such a situation, only water supply is possible with a storage tank, which is periodically filled from a tank truck.

• When the house has centralized water supply from a city or village network, but water is supplied with frequent interruptions or according to a certain schedule.

• When you have your own well or well, but they have a low flow rate and cannot meet your needs at any time, because the water in them disappears during a long continuous intake.

• When there are frequent power outages, without which no pump can work.

In any of these situations, the stock of water accumulated in the tank earlier will allow you not to experience discomfort from its absence from several hours to several days. It depends on the volume of capacity, the number of users and the usual consumption.

Ways to connect storage tanks

The tank can be connected to the system with two different ways: By placing it at a high elevation or at or below ground level.

top location

Such a water supply scheme for a house from a storage tank is practiced mainly in cases where there are no appliances in the house that need good pressure, and the residents have a minimal need for water - to wash, wash dishes, etc.

And also with frequent power outages. Because water from a tank installed on a roof, attic or overpass flows to consumers by gravity, and such a system does not depend on the presence of voltage in the network.

Advice. When designing a gravity system for supplying water from a tank, keep in mind that a pressure of one atmosphere gives a height difference of 10 meters between the tank and the tap. And this is without taking into account losses in the pipeline itself.

Such pressure in the system will be insufficient for operation. washing machine and even taking a shower will be problematic. You can increase it by connecting at the outlet of the tank. The advantage of such an installation is its simplicity and ease of maintenance of the tank.

However, do not forget about the disadvantages:

• The storage tank takes up a lot of space, taking away useful space from the house;
• If you install it in the attic or on the street on a special flyover, then you can use water only in the warm season. Or you need to insulate and heat well both the tank itself and the pipes going to it and from it;
• If the instructions were not followed during installation or the system itself has worn out over time, leaks are possible that can cause a lot of trouble.

As you can see, each homeowner deals with these issues differently depending on the needs of the family.

• So that the water does not freeze, the tank is installed on a heated second floor or attic, sacrificing area.
• Or they use electric heating of a container standing in the attic. And they pay extra for electricity.
• Or they simply put it on the cabinet, content with the minimum pressure in the system.

bottom location

It is more common and effective method accommodation for houses with permanent residence and all the usual amenities for a city dweller. Such a water supply system with a storage tank is necessarily equipped with an additional pump or. Without them, the water itself will not flow to consumers, and with it you can get any necessary pressure.

There are also several options for lower placement:

• Ground- when the container is used only in summer time and does not need insulation;
• Underground- the tank is buried in the ground, and only the neck is brought to the surface, providing access to it for repair and maintenance;

• Basement- when the house has a heated basement or technical room.

The last option is the most convenient, since the container does not need to be insulated, there is always access to it and it does not take usable space.

The second most popular is the underground option. It also allows you not to use the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, but in this case, cleaning and repair will be fraught with certain difficulties. Yes and upper part, located above the freezing level, will also have to be insulated.

In addition, not every container can be buried in the ground. It must be strong, with thick walls, stiffeners or metal formwork. Otherwise, you need to build a rigid shell for it.

It is important. When installed underground, the bottom of the tank should have a slope of 12-15 degrees so that the suspended particles contained in the water settle in one place and it is easier to remove them through the hatch.

Design features

The device of the storage tank does not depend on the installation location. There are only a few nuances.

The container is supplied with the following structural elements:

• float valve. It prevents it from overflowing and turns on the pump when the water level reaches the minimum mark.

• overflow pipe in case of breakage of the float switch. It is located at the top of the tank and is connected to the sewer.
• Drain pipe at the bottom. Designed to remove sediment. They are equipped with storage tanks for water supply, located at the top or in the basement of the house. Underground tanks are cleaned by the upper hatch.

• Inlet filter, will retain some of the suspended particles. It can also be installed at the exit, equipped with a finer mesh.
• Ventilation pipe or breathing valve. If they are not installed in the lid of the tank, when the water is drained, the walls of the tank may flatten under the influence of atmospheric pressure.

Advice. A diffuser on the supply pipe will prevent water from bubbling and mixing with sediment that has settled to the bottom.

Schemes of water supply systems with a storage tank

The water supply scheme of a private house with a storage tank depends primarily on its location and type of source, as well as on the need to increase the pressure in the system and prepare hot water. And the choice of the pump itself, which supplies water to the drive, and related equipment is also done for a reason.

For instance:

• If water is taken from a well up to 7-8 meters deep, it is enough to buy. The suction pipe must be check valve, which prevents the outflow of water back to the source;
• If from a depth of no more than 15-18 meters, surface pump already need to be equipped with a remote ejector;
• If from a deep artesian well, it can be extracted only with the help of a deep submersible pump. In this case, the check valve is placed on the pipe leading from the pump to the house.

Advice. To protect the equipment from breakdowns and overheating, it is necessary to install a dry-running protection relay on it, and a level sensor in the source itself. This is especially important if the well or well is marginal.

Water supply storage tanks - connection diagrams can be as follows:

As you can see, an additional pump on the supply pipeline from the storage tank to the system allows not only to increase the pressure in it, regardless of the position of the tank, but also to install a boiler for preparing hot water.

If you often turn off the electricity, both this pump and the boiler will be useless. All that remains is the supply of cold and hot water according to the latest scheme, with a second tank. Its volume is selected according to your needs, but the larger it is, the longer the water will cool in it.

This can be used to heat the first tank in winter time. For example, a storage tank for hot water supply of 1000 liters, installed next to a cold water tank, will not allow it to freeze during the day, even if during this time the water in it is not heated.

There are several ways to heat water for this scheme:

How to choose a drive

When choosing a tank, you need to pay attention to two main parameters: volume and material of manufacture.

Volume

The storage tank should not be confused with a hydraulic accumulator. And it's not even that the second one is a pressure tank that regulates the pressure in the network due to the pressure compressed air on the rubber membrane.

The maximum volume of the accumulator is only 100 liters, the standard one is 24-50 liters. This is very little to supply water in the usual way in the situations described above.

To understand how much capacity you need, you need to analyze the following factors:

• Required water flow per unit of time. You can calculate it approximately by adding up the nominal consumption of all appliances in the house - faucets, toilets, washing and dishwasher. Another calculation method suggests multiplying the daily water requirement of one person by the number of family members. But this need is different for everyone and also depends on the availability of amenities in the house. It can be 60 or 200 liters per day. Therefore, focus on your habits and conditions.

• The performance of an autonomous source or the schedule of a centralized system. For example, if the water or electricity is turned off for a maximum of a couple of hours, a 100-liter barrel may be enough for you, and it’s a completely different matter if this happens often and for long time. It also makes no sense to install a five-cubic capacity if your well can pump no more than 500 liters into it per day.

Material

If you are planning a drinking water supply for a summer residence, the storage tank must be made of materials that do not react with water and do not affect its taste, smell and quality. And this or stainless steel, or food grade plastic.

Increasingly, plastic is preferred as it is much cheaper and more durable, especially when it comes to underground tank. In addition, it is lightweight: even a tank of impressive size can be installed by hand without involving a bunch of assistants or special equipment.

To roughly navigate the prices, look at the options presented in the gallery:

As you can see, stainless steel tanks are many times more expensive. It is more profitable to buy plastic ones, but you need to make sure of the quality of the material and its purpose - for storing drinking water.

Conclusion

Sometimes water supply in a private house with a storage tank becomes the only opportunity to live in comfort, which neither an ultra-modern pumping station nor central water supply. The complexity of creating such a system depends on the location of the tank, your needs and the conditions of the water supply, so in each case you need to choose your own scheme.

It will be the simplest for a seasonal country house, but for country cottage with permanent residence and all the amenities, you will have to spend money and tinker. But the result is worth it.

After watching the video in this article, you will see that “not the gods burn the pots”, and you can do much, if not all, on your own.

An individual water supply system with a storage tank is convenient to use and easy to set up. Water from the well is pumped by a pump or it is poured manually. But the latter option is considered "Spartan" and modern technologies allow you to get away from this method of collecting water, especially since the pumps are relatively inexpensive, and water is pumped into storage tanks.

A little about pumps

Pump submersible type for water intake.

In operation, noiseless submersible pumps or installations with a hydraulic tank. It will be good if the bath has small place for the installation of such a station. It can be a basement, a change house attached to the side, or a place in the bath separated by a partition. In some embodiments, it is even possible to refuse to install a tank if the tank of the pumping station has a sufficient supply.

By type, pumps are distinguished by power characteristics and noise ranges. It is clear that the quieter it works, the more complex the mechanism and the device itself is more expensive. But for a bath, these are not regulatory indicators. For a one-time water intake, the cheapest pump is suitable. But only such devices pump water from wells located nearby, with a high mirror of water in them. The main thing is that the height between the level in the reservoir and the installation site of the water tank does not exceed 7 meters, but in reality this is rarely the case. If only the bath is made in two floors.

Methods for installing storage tanks

The complexity of plumbing depends on the location of the water tank in the bath. It must be chosen so that after that you do not have to pull the feed from one end of the room to the other. A bath is in any case a low-rise building, so you will have to choose the location of the drive from two options: lower and upper.

Bottom position of the tank

These tanks are installed in basement. They already have a built-in water supply system.

In this scheme, it is installed at the level of the foundation of the bath. The tank is buried in the ground, and the water intake is carried out by installing an additional pump. Year-round use of the bath requires insulation of the tank and laying it to a level below the freezing of the soil. V summer version it is installed in the basement at a distance of 0.5 meters from the ground.

This arrangement of the tank also works on a pneumatic water supply circuit. The pump pumps liquid into the tank, displacing air. When the balance is exceeded in favor of the liquid, due to physical properties the latter will begin to displace water to the exit point: taps and watering cans. But such a scheme is rarely resorted to, due to the unreliability of its work. Usually, additional units are used to supply water: pumps and blowers. But this also entails an increase in costs, not to mention the work of installation, connection and supply.

Upper scheme

An example of the top location of the drive. It is not recommended to do so. It is better to fix it on a more stable platform.

Due to the simpler installation, the absence of the need for a central water supply for the bath and the installation of additional devices, the option with the top location of the tank is used more often. According to the name, the tank is mounted on maximum height, from the place of supply: watering cans and taps. It can be a roof, a special overpass and a place inside the bath. Water supply is carried out due to the height difference. That is, by placing the tank in the attic, no superchargers are needed, the water will flow into the taps by gravity. Like the lower installation option, this arrangement requires insulation if the bath is operated all year round.

The disadvantage of this method is considered to be low pressure, but in order to rinse after the steam room, you do not need high pressure. Raise it slightly to allow the location of the tank. The increase in pressure is achieved by setting it at a higher point. For example, for 0.1 atmospheres, a height of 1 meter above the level of the taps is sufficient, and for 0.5 atmospheres, the drive is installed at a height of 3–5 m. It is quite enough for bath procedures and is feasible from the technical side. Also, when installing the roofing system of the bath, a place for the tank is provided in advance.

How to Install a Simple Drive

As it turned out, these include tanks mounted at the top. So, first we choose a container or we make it from stainless metal according to required dimensions. The process of installing the tank is as follows:

• in the intended place, the floor beams are first strengthened;
• a tank is installed, attached to the base in any way convenient for you;
• the valve and all outlets are mounted.

How to mount the valve?

An example of a drive installed in washing department.

This process needs to be described in more detail. It is necessary to mark a point from the upper edge of the tank, departing from it 7–8 cm. A hole is cut out here according to the size of the valve. The tail part with a plastic float is inserted inside and fixed on the tank, bolted. To prevent water from escaping at the valve inlet, rubber gaskets are made on both sides, and the junction is smeared sealant adhesives. seat is tightened, and a supply pipe of the appropriate diameter is connected to the shank. It is better to lay it to the tank in the ceiling space of the bath so that there are no pipes in the attic that interfere with movement. Now, when taking in water, the float will block the inlet, thereby shutting off the supply until space is freed up.

Next, we make an overflow. It is located 2–3 cm below the valve entry point. A hole is drilled and a pipe is drilled, by analogy with the installation of the valve, it is fixed in this place. The outlet is discharged into the sewer. The exit point is made at a level above 3 cm, from the bottom of the tank. So that the water does not completely climb out of it. All outlets are sealed with gaskets and treated with hermetic compounds.

plastic container under storage. Very handy containers. The outlet and inlet valve are already installed in this model.

Buck installed. If necessary, it is insulated, closing with a special box. All protruding sections of pipes, if possible, are fixed on the walls so that there is not a single free-hanging hose. The operation of the system is checked by starting water. If shortcomings are revealed, it is better to eliminate them at the drive installation stage.

The top location of the water tank is convenient when planning the construction of a bath roof with a veranda. You can pre-allocate a small place and securely hide the drive by making all the necessary connections.

Before choosing a water tank, you should definitely determine the optimal volume of the tank, taking into account the composition of the family and its needs. In a private house, this issue is somewhat easier to solve, since you can use utility rooms. For an apartment, the volume of the tank can vary from approximately 100 to 300 liters.

Before buying, you should definitely decide where the water storage tank will be placed in the apartment, and how it will be installed, especially taking into account the weight of the filled tank. As a rule, the so-called dead zones in the house are used for this, you can also consider installing a tank, for example, under the ceiling in the hallway, corridor, bathroom or even in the kitchen. In the event that a sufficiently large capacity is installed, then it is best to choose floor options, but for an apartment, you should still give preference to mounted models. In this regard, it is important to pay attention to the shape of the product: for an apartment the best option will become cylindrical or flat tanks.

The way the tank is connected is also determined by its location:

⦁ if the tank is mounted on a hinged way, then water is taken from it under the action of gravity forces;

⦁for floor models the water supply is provided by a circular pump, which creates and maintains a certain pressure;

⦁ for membrane-type tanks, the installation location does not matter, due to the fact that the necessary pressure and pressure for supplying water to the water supply network is created due to the presence of an air chamber.

Even if the need to use reserve water supplies is rare, it is necessary to provide periodic circulation to avoid stagnation, in addition, a tank cleaning procedure will sometimes be required, especially if the water quality is not ideal.

Buying a storage tank for water in an apartment

The Alfatep company offers a wide range of products for water supply at home, including storage tanks for water. All issues related to the calculation of the volume of the container, the choice of the method of its installation can be easily resolved using the advice of our specialists, who will also help you choose desired views fasteners and connections for installation work.

In order to get acquainted with the proposed range of products, there is not even a need to leave the house: all categories and types of goods are presented in the Alfatep online store. You can make a purchase directly on the site, in addition, we recommend using the services of our transport service, which will promptly bring the goods to the specified object. And if you need the help of a specialist in the installation of equipment, then our highly qualified craftsmen are always ready to help.

Water sources for summer cottages most often are wells.

Rarely - centralized water supply. if the cottage is located in a residential area.

If the pressure in them remains constant around the clock, there will be no problems with the supply of water to the country house - just connect the pump.

The source of life is water

Often, the conditions for water supply to summer cottages are far from ideal:

1. water is in the system not around the clock, but at certain hours;
2. there is a well on the territory, but its volume is not enough to meet all country needs;
3. water is supplied by an electric pump, but on the site, the lights are often turned off.

It is difficult to use water supply in such conditions:

• when water is needed large quantities, she is not (as),
• when there is no need for it, it runs like a stream.

To avoid such overlays and rationally use the water on the site, a storage tank is needed. It will act as a battery, storing water and filling the autonomous water supply network.

There are 2 ways to locate the accumulator in the water supply system of the dacha: upper and lower.

Installation of a hydraulic accumulator with a top location

In this case, the container is placed on the last floor of the country house or in the attic.

With this method of arranging the tank, water is supplied to the water supply points:

• kitchen faucet,
• bathroom,
• dishwasher ()
• washing machine, etc.
  - by gravity, without a pump.

Water towers operate in the same way.

The main advantage of such a system is energy independence - the water supply does not depend on the availability of electricity.

In addition, the top-mounted tank is convenient to maintain and easy to install by hand.

The relative disadvantage of such a system is the pressure limit. Since water is supplied without a pump, the pressure will decrease in proportion to the decrease in the floor.

A level difference of 10 m creates a difference of 1 atm.

Another disadvantage of this design is its bulkiness. The tank occupies a certain space, which can be adapted for storage or living room.

Therefore, some summer residents practice installing a hydraulic accumulator outside, on a metal overpass.

It's exclusive summer solution, although when organizing the insulation and heating of the tank and pipelines, it is possible to use the system in winter.

Bottom storage tank

This option involves placing the tank in a pit dug in the ground.

It is sprinkled with a thick layer of soil, so this design does not spoil the landscape and allows you to make the most of the usable space (you can break a flower bed on top of the dug tank).

In this case, the dimensions of the tank are not limited by the size of the room, so you can choose a tank of any desired volume.

The downside of a system with a tank located in the ground is the need to connect a pumping station to supply water to the house.

This is an order of magnitude more expensive than installing a tank in the attic. or overpass. In addition, a tank placed in the ground is difficult to maintain - for cleaning or repair, it is necessary to remove a layer of earth.

In regions with harsh winters, the soil above the tank needs to be insulated to minimize the effects of frost heaving on the plastic. If this is not done, the tank will crack with strong temperature changes.

The water tank is dug into the ground with a slight slope. This will ensure the accumulation of sediment masses on only one side, which will facilitate the maintenance of the system.

For underground installation, choose round tanks or with stiffeners to reduce ground pressure.

Tank selection

Laying and distributing pipes

Most often, metal-plastic and polypropylene pipes are used.

Their price, compared to metal ones, is low, they are easy to maintain () and are well suited for systems with a low level of pressure.

If the water supply of the cottage is needed only in the warm season, pipes can be laid directly on the surface of the soil.

With the onset of cold weather, the system is dismantled. The laying of pipes in the ground is practiced when arranging a permanent water supply.

Distribution of valves and drain valves

A float-type valve is installed on the storage tank, which allows you to automatically control the water level in it.

When the level drops to a critical level, the system automatically activates the pump, which pumps water from the source (it is written about deep well pumps).

In order for the water supply system of the cottage to function smoothly, the following rules must be observed during its installation:

1. Temperature at the installation site of the tank, regardless of its location (outside or inside the house) should not fall below zero.
   Freezing of water in the system is fraught with deformation of the valves, and, as a result, failure of the entire system.
2. In the pipe section from the pumping station to the storage tank, the resistance should be minimal.
   To do this, a pipe with a diameter larger than the main wiring is installed in the desired area.
3. The volume of water in the well or well must exceed the maximum capacity of the tank.
   Otherwise, the pump (how to connect to increase the water pressure is written in the article) will run idle, which will affect its performance.

Hot water supply in the country

When arranging a water supply system with a hydraulic accumulator, it will not be difficult to provide a country house with warm water.

If the electrical wiring is relatively fresh and can withstand a load of up to 6 kW, it can be installed near the main points of water consumption (on a shower for a summer residence).

Such devices quickly cope with heating water from a tap in the kitchen or in the shower, but are very voracious in terms of energy consumption.

If you want to save or post in country house not designed for heavy loads, it is better to install a storage type water heater.

It heats a large amount of water at a time, distributing it to all points of water consumption.

We invite you to watch a video on installing a storage tank in a city apartment.