If the Saintpaulia has bloomed - it's just wonderful! Firstly, you take good care of her, and secondly, she gladly gives you positive energy. If the snow-white flower of Saintpaulia bloomed, then the girl can count on a date. If pink saintpaulia blooms, expect adoration from others. If blue or lilac Saintpaulia blooms, wait important meeting. Blooming purple saintpaulia promises to turn your whole life around!

flower care

Fragile violets love warmth and lots of soft light, but they hate direct sunlight, so protect your pet with a loose curtain. She will be most comfortable in your kitchen, where it is always quite humid.

The pot should be chosen not too large, its diameter should be three times smaller than the Saintpaulia rosette.

Remember that no bad omens will crumble when they meet with your sincere faith in all that is good. If you decide to bring a violet into your home, then ensure it is properly cared for and treat the flower with love. Then your violet will not forget to thank you.

Violet (saintpaulia) - a classic among indoor flowering plants. If your collection of home flowers has not yet replenished with violet or if you have problems growing this plant, we recommend that you pay attention to the information provided in the article.

Description of flowers

Violet is a low perennial herbaceous plant, which has a main shortened stem with numerous pubescent leaves planted on long petioles.

Varieties used to obtain new interesting specimens are combined into groups according to the shape of flowers, among which are:

• fringed;
• terry;
• simple;
• ampelous.

Hybrid Saintpaulia varieties may have more large flowers, up to 8 cm in diameter, which abundantly cover the plant during the flowering period (more than 70 flowers can appear on 1 copy). Petals of some varieties may have a border, spots, dots, stripes of various shades.

Did you know? Violets are used in traditional medicine, some species of this plant help treat kidney disease, whooping cough, bronchitis and dermatitis.

The leaves, depending on the type of plant, can be heart-shaped, round or oval, with solid or serrated edges. The color can also be different: from light green to dark green, with patterns (border, spots, stains) of white, red, gray.

The leaf plate is densely covered with short villi, which create a “velvety” surface.

Basic rules for growing violets on the windowsill

So that the Saintpaulias please you for a long and lush bloom, in the process of growing, follow the basic rules:

• create comfortable conditions and the necessary indicators of the microclimate in the room;
• follow care instructions;
• carry out in a timely manner preventive treatment from common diseases;
• regularly inspect the plant for pests or diseases and take measures to cure;
• timely pruning of old leaves is carried out to preserve the decorative appearance and better nutrition young sheets;
• after 2–3 years of life, the plant is rejuvenated (using a cutting or rosette of several young leaves).

Caring for violets on the windowsill

For the normal growth of the green part, the abundant formation of buds and long flowering saintpaulia needs to create suitable growing conditions, as well as high-quality care, so consider this information more.

Optimal conditions

Depending on the time of the year, the temperature in the room should have certain indicators: in winter, the range of +18 ... + 20 ° C is considered to be a suitable temperature for Saintpaulias, in summer - + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Humidity, regardless of the season, must be maintained at 50%.

Important! The plant reacts very badly to cold or constant drafts, so only insulated window sills are suitable for growing violets in winter, otherwise the flower is moved to a warmer place.

Saintpaulias bloom all year round, so the lighting should be good both in summer and in winter. To keep flowering in winter, Saintpaulia is illuminated with fluorescent lamps to extend daylight hours up to 10 hours a day, and if possible, up to 12.

The flower prefers to grow on well-lit windowsills of the western or east direction, there is the possibility of growing on the south window, but subject to shading from direct sunlight.

Watering mode

You need high-quality soft settled water at room temperature. It is better to pour water into the pan, but you can also under the root, trying not to get on the green part of the plant or flowers. If water regularly enters the center of the rosette of leaves, the flower may rot and die.
When watering in a pan, excess water is drained after 15 minutes to avoid rotting of the root system due to constant waterlogging of the lower soil layer. In summer, violets are watered every day with a small amount of water, and in winter - 2 times a week.

At low air humidity, spraying Saintpaulia from a spray bottle is allowed, but only during the period of absence of flowering. Flowers react very poorly to spraying, they can fade, rot or crumble.

Fertilization

Violets growing for the first 3 months in a new nutrient soil do not require top dressing. As the soil is depleted, after the specified time, you can begin to apply fertilizer to stimulate flowering. Ready-made complex fertilizers of the same name, which are sold in flower shops, are well suited as dressings for violets.

Depending on the manufacturer, instructions for the preparation and use of nutrient mixtures may vary, so read the label carefully before use. Fertilizing is carried out under the root, and 2 hours before the application, the soil is pre-moistened so that the fertilizer does not burn the roots of the plant.

The violet suffers from an excessive amount of top dressing, so the frequency of use of nutrient mixtures should be regulated by the grower independently. Pay attention to appearance flower: if the leaves are healthy, large, flowering is regular and abundant, feed rarely - 1-2 times in 6 months.

Plant transplant

Flower transplant can be carried out different ways, depending on the circumstances. If an urgent transplant is required, when the saintpaulia suffers from a large number of shoots or an overgrown root system, transshipment is carried out.
During the transfer to new pot bigger size(3 cm in diameter) pour a good drainage layer (3–4 cm) and transfer the violet from the old pot with the full preservation of the earthen clod.

Transplantation can also be carried out with a complete replacement of the soil, if it has completely depleted over time, the root system has suffered from an excess of moisture or has been affected by diseases and pests. To transplant a flower, choose a pot of the same size or slightly larger (1-2 cm in diameter).

New soil is prepared for transplantation (especially for violets). The bottom of the pot is covered with a drainage layer and a small amount of substrate.

The flower is carefully removed from the old pot and the roots are freed from the soil, which are then carefully examined for damage, rot or dead parts, and if they are found, they are carefully cut off with a sharp knife and sprinkled with activated charcoal.

After that, the saintpaulia is installed in a new pot and the voids at the roots are filled with soil, periodically shaking the container for a better distribution of the earth.

The most popular is a transplant with a partial replacement of the soil. Such a transplant is performed when it is necessary to propagate the plants, separating the children if they have filled almost the entire space of the pot. For transplantation, pots of small diameter (up to 5 cm) are prepared in order to seat children in them.

The mother plant is planted in a larger pot (2 cm). The earthen ball is slightly destroyed in order to free root system babies and carefully separate them. All plants are placed in pots with a drainage layer and filled with soil.

Trimming and forming a rosette

Violet pruning is done in order to preserve decorative look plants by removing old, yellowed leaves, or form a beautiful rosette for the proper growth of leaves and flowers. mature plant constantly releases new outlets, which over time greatly thicken the plant, so they are recommended to be removed in a timely manner.

Remove leaves or rosettes completely with cuttings, a sharp clean knife. On each plant, 3 rows of younger leaves are left, and the rest, the lower ones, are removed.

Violet constantly reaches for the sun and therefore has deformed rosettes, so in order for the plant to be symmetrical, periodically turn the pot in different directions.

From the regular removal of leaves from the lower part of the plant, the central stem will be exposed and spoil the decorative look. To solve the problem, the violet is transplanted, deepening the bare part of the stem into the ground, or rejuvenation is carried out.

Anti-aging pruning involves cutting the stem "under the root", keeping the length of the bare part at 2 cm, so that there is room for the formation of roots. The stem is placed in water and waiting for the moment when roots appear on it, then planted in the soil.

Reproduction methods

The vegetative method of reproduction gives a good result and allows you to relatively quickly get beautiful plant which will bloom soon. There are 2 ways to propagate Saintpaulia vegetatively - by leaf and by children. Let's consider them in more detail.

The easiest way to propagate saintpaulia is by children, which are formed in the form of rosettes on the mother plant.
If they are not separated in time, the flower begins to turn yellow, wither and cease to bloom. In order to prevent such a development of events, the children are separated and planted in separate containers (5 cm in diameter).

It is better to separate the children during transplantation, carefully unraveling the roots.

Important! If, in the process of separating the children, the roots are broken or injured, the plant will not take root well, so the roots are dipped into the Kornevin solution, and the pot is covered with polyethylene on top.

Children should be planted in a special soil for violets, and 1 cm of expanded clay should be poured onto the bottom of the pot.

When the violet is still young and does not have additional sockets (children), it is propagated by a leaf. Suitable material for propagation - young, healthy leaf from the second tier of the outlet. The leaf is cut at an angle, keeping the length of the cutting 5–6 cm. The cut material is placed in water and the roots are waiting for it to appear.

After roots 0.5–1 cm long have formed on the leaf, it is planted in a substrate for violets, providing drainage (1 cm) from expanded clay. The pot is chosen up to 5 cm in diameter. Care for the cutting should be the same as for an adult plant, but do not fertilize until at least one rosette of leaves appears and grows a little.

Diseases and pests of violets

Sometimes home saintpaulia is affected by diseases and pests that can appear on any part of the flower and cause a loss of decorativeness or even death of the plant.

Among the common diseases of Saintpaulia stand out:

1. powdery mildew- defeat of the ground part of the flower with a white coating. The cause of the disease is problems with lighting, keeping in a cold and damp room. For treatment, the drug "Fundazol" is used, a flower is sprayed with a solution based on it, which allows you to overcome the disease. The preparation of the solution and the processing of the flower should be carried out in accordance with the instructions for the preparation.
2. late blight- rotting of the root collar of the flower, the appearance of brown spots on the leafy plates. The cause of the disease is regular drafts and waterlogging of the soil. It is very difficult to fight the disease, most often the affected plant dies soon after infection. You can try to save the flower by processing "Fitosporin", according to the instructions.
3. Botrytis(mold fungus) - manifests itself in the form of a fluffy gray-brown coating on leaves or cuttings. The disease is fungal in nature and develops due to improper care, high humidity and low growing temperature. At the beginning of the development of the disease, it is possible to save the flower by treating it with Teldor according to the instructions. If the plant has more than 50% of the affected leaves, the probability of retaining the violet is greatly reduced.

The pests that most often affect violets include:

1. Spider mites- small insects that cause yellowing and falling leaves. It is possible to determine that a plant has been struck by a tick by the presence of fine web on leaf plates. The reason for the appearance of insects is the dryness of the air and the high temperature in the room. You can save the flower by processing "Fitoverm", according to the instructions.
2. thrips- small insects that infect leaves and cuttings. To overcome the pest, use "Aktellik", according to the instructions.
3. Mealybug- a pest that settles in the soil and feeds on plant sap. It is possible to detect a worm only when the plant is transplanted. At in large numbers pests, the plant begins to turn yellow and wither. overcome mealybug You can treat the plant with Aktara, according to the instructions.

How to place a violet on the window: signs

There are many superstitions about growing violets in an apartment, so if you believe in omens, it is better to read the information below before buying a flower:

1. There is an opinion that violets are not suitable for growing single people, as these flowers destroy personal life (there is a decrease in the likelihood of meeting a soul mate). For couples on the contrary, violet brings happiness to family life, harmony and strengthens the senses.
2. You can often find information that it is impossible to keep a violet in the bedroom. Let's see why. The fact is that violet produces oxygen only in the daytime, and at night it consumes and produces carbon dioxide, so often, waking up in the morning, a person feels weak and has a headache.
3. Despite some Negative influence violets, it strengthens the immune system well, therefore it is recommended to be placed in the children's room (but at night it is taken out to a room where people do not sleep). Violet also brings prosperity and prosperity to the house. Its scent repels ants and other insects.

Did you know? AT Ancient Greece violet was considered the flower of death and sadness, so it was used to decorate the deathbed and graves.

To get a positive effect from growing violets at home, you need to know which window is best to put a flower on. The plant is called an energy vampire, but if you put the pot on a well-lit windowsill, the plant will feed on solar energy, not human energy.
Thus, the violet is unpretentious, beautiful flowering plant and is well suited for growing on a windowsill. In order for violets to bloom for a long time and plentiful, it is necessary to follow the basic recommendations for caring for her and placing her in an apartment.

Violet... What to do with it? How to care for violets? It is clear that different flowers, like different breeds Animals need very special care. There is nothing to do - we will learn how to care for violets.

Violet transplant

Like any other living being, a plant experiences stress when it enters a new environment. After all, compared with the previous conditions, the composition of air, temperature, lighting, water has changed. Therefore, violets should be transplanted into a new, larger pot no earlier than a month later.

Where to put the violet pot?

Violet grows well on any windowsill. However, direct sunlight should be avoided. On the windowsill, cover it from the sun with a light curtain, parchment or paper. You can put flowers on a table or shelf next to the window, while the light intensity is reduced. In order for the rosette to form symmetrically, you need to turn the plants 90 degrees in a circle 2-3 times a week.

How does light from lamps work? electrical sockets for a violet?
Violets also do well under fluorescent lighting. You can make a shelf by installing fluorescent lamps. One lamp is enough for a shelf measuring 120x25 cm, on which there are several pots. From the bottom of the lamp to the top of the violet pot, the distance should be 25-35 cm for large rosettes and 15-25 cm for small rosettes and children.

Is there enough light for the violet?

The violet itself will tell you if it has enough light. With a lack of it, the leaves stretch upwards, with an excess, they bend down over the edges of the pot. For abundant and long flowering, the plant should receive enough light for 10-12 hours a day. With a smaller light day, full flowering will not be achieved.
The most optimal temperature for violets is 20-22 degrees. At this temperature, violets grow strong, bloom profusely and for a long time. On the onset summer heat in July-August, the flowering of violets stops. These flowers are preferred wet air with a relative humidity of 50-60% and grow well in the kitchen, where steam is introduced into the air during cooking. In winter heating season when the air in the apartment is very dry, violets pots can be placed on trays with moisture-retaining material. It can be sphagnum moss, expanded clay or a layer of newspapers. Avoid drafts carefully.

How to water a violet?

For watering violets can be used tap water letting her rest in open dishes 1-2 days to remove chlorine. Then the water should be boiled to remove excess salts and cooled to room temperature. You can water from above, avoiding water on the growing point, and from below into the pan under the pot. In any case, excess water should be removed from the pan 15-20 minutes after watering to prevent root rot. Violets tolerate some drying of the soil more easily than waterlogging. Violets should be watered when upper layer the soil will become slightly dry to the touch. Once every one and a half to two months, to remove dust, it is recommended to wash the leaves of plants under the tap with slightly warm water, preventing it from falling into the pot.

What land do violets need

In Russia, for the cultivation of violets, land mixtures are usually used, containing the violets necessary for growth and flowering. minerals. If you transplant violets twice a year, changing the soil, then the plant will receive enough nutrients With new ground and additional feeding is not required. When using soilless mixtures or when violets are in land mixture without a transplant, she needs top dressing 1-2 times a month. You can use liquid mineral fertilizers for indoor plants containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as trace elements. The dosage is indicated on the label, but it should be borne in mind that excessive amounts of fertilizer can damage the plants.
Soil for violets should be airy and retain moisture well. To make the soil moisture-intensive and breathable, natural minerals are added to it - perlite and vermiculite. Violets love sphagnum moss, so it is advisable to add it to the soil. It is useful to add a small amount of finely crushed charcoal.

What pots for violets are better!

Pots are easier to use plastic. The diameter of the pot is gradually increased with each transplant as the plant grows. It is believed that the diameter of the plant should be three times the diameter of the pot. Do not use pots with a diameter of more than 10 cm, this will prevent abundant flowering violets. Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pot, which ensures the penetration of air to the roots of the plant and prevents them from rotting. Sphagnum moss, expanded clay or perlite can be used as drainage.

We hope our tips will help you care for violets, and their flowering will please your eye.