What are roof drains called? Varieties and installation of concrete drainage trays

It has tremendous destructive power. Firstly, the walls and foundation of the house are constantly getting wet, and this is fraught with the fact that they can collapse very soon. Secondly, this water falls from the height of the roof onto the blind area, and after a while washes out the grooves in it, which will also lead to its speedy destruction. Thirdly, the liquid drains from the roof and penetrates into the ground next to the house, where there may be an underground garage or basement. This will lead to the fact that these premises may be flooded. You can list the various consequences of uncontrolled rainwater for a long time, but it all comes down to the fact that precipitation, which can be very frequent during the season, gradually destroys your home, reducing it service life. To avoid this, you will have to make or buy a drainage system, which no house can do without. It will collect all the water that flows from the roof and take it to the place of your choice. The main element of such a system are gutters for draining water from the roof, which receive all the water, supplying it to the sewers. In this article, we will consider in detail what elements the drainage system consists of, why it is so important, what material it is better to purchase a system from and how to properly install it.

Roof drainage system

You need to know that without a drainage system, your home cannot function properly, it is an integral part of your home, which helps to keep it for many years. Your walls and foundation will be safe, which will increase their service life and appearance. To summarize, such a system performs three functions:

1. protective function.
2. Rainwater collection function.
3. Complements your home, performing a decorative function.

With protective and decorative functions, everything is clear. But what about water collection? This is very useful as a savings especially if you are a homeowner who has his own own garden or garden. By collecting rainwater in a barrel or tank, you can keep your plants watered even if the water goes out. You will not spend extra money on paying water bills. Moreover, rainwater is very beneficial for plants. Therefore, by organizing such a system at your place, you will kill several birds with one stone.

Please note that drainage systems can be divided into two types:

1. Internal system.
2. external system.

The first type is always settled on a flat roof. In this case roofing material laid with a slight slope leading to a funnel that receives rainwater and feeds it further into the downpipe. This pipe is placed inside the room itself or in special technical cavities.

In our article, we will consider an external gutter system, as it is suitable for conventional pitched roofs, which are the most widespread. It is installed on the roof overhangs and collects all the water from the roof.

What elements are included

The drainage system consists of a whole set of elements that, interacting with each other, perform the intended functions. This set of elements includes:

• gutter, one of the main elements, which is designed to collect flowing water from the roof. It can be made from various materials, different shapes and sizes;
• gutter plugs, which are needed at the end of the gutter where a funnel is not provided. They do not allow the water accumulated in the gutter to drain onto the blind area;
• connections for gutters that unite segments of products with each other. Since the gutters are not made longer than 2.5 m, they have to be connected. After all, if the wall of your house has a significant length, you cannot do with one element. The connectors have a rubber seal, which ensures the tightness of the connection. Therefore, water passing through it will not seep;
• funnel - an element that connects the gutter to the downpipe. It is through the funnel that water from the gutter enters the vertical downpipe;
• drain pipe, which is mounted under the funnel. Through it, water is directed to the place that you have chosen;
• the angle of the gutter so that you can bypass the corners of the building, while maintaining good hydrodynamics;
• brackets, fixing elements, thanks to which the gutters are fixed in place, near the roof overhang. They look like hooks in which the gutter will be placed. Depending on the situation, there may be different designs;
• fixing clamps for waste pipes. They are attached to the wall from top to bottom and serve to fix the pipe so that it does not fall off in strong winds or as a result of mechanical stress;
• pipe elbows and drain elbows (sole), which serve to drain fluid from the blind area and the basement of the building. The drain elbow is mounted at the bottom of the pipe so that the water flows to the place you need, whether it be a container or a storm sewer. A pipe elbow is used to change the direction of a downpipe.

These are the main elements of such a system. But in addition, a special protective grate, or leaf trap, is installed in the gutters, which protects it from debris, leaves, etc. Thanks to this, the drain does not clog and clearly performs its functions.

Note! For decorative purposes, special chains can be used instead of downpipes. Water will flow through them into a container or flower bed, for example, which stands under a funnel. It not only drains water, but also complements your home, making it more attractive and interesting. And if you also choose beautiful gutters that will match the chain, you can surprise all your visitors.

All these are components, without which the system will not be able to function properly. The basis for it are gutters that collect water. Let's look at what they are and what is important to know when installing them.

Dimensions of gutters and drain pipes

The most important elements of the entire system can be called with confidence exactly the gutters and pipes, which is important, one without the other they will not fulfill their purpose qualitatively, since the water must not fall from the gutters, but should drain in a designated place. Such products can be bought on the market, they are sold as a complete set, with all fasteners and connections, etc., or separately. It's up to you to decide what and how to take. If you purchase a complete kit, it will be much easier, all that remains is to assemble it according to the instructions, assembling everything as a constructor. Buying everything separately or only some components, you will have to make brackets or other components yourself. It will be cheaper, but it will require your time and skills. The main thing you need to do is to choose the right size of the gutter and pipe, which are different.

Most often, the diameter of the gutters is in the range from 90 mm to 150 mm, and the diameter of the downpipes is from 75 mm to 120 mm. Their choice directly depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200byour roof. Everything is simple and logical here: the larger the roof, the larger the diameter needed to accommodate the entire flow of water, and vice versa. To be precise, then:

1. For small roofs, the slope area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich is from 10 to 70 m 2, experts recommend buying gutters with a diameter of 90 mm, and pipes with a diameter of 75 mm for them.
2. For medium roofs, the slope area of ​​​​which is from 100 to 200 m 2, you need to use gutters with a diameter of 100–130 mm, and pipes - 90 or 100 mm.
3. For large roofs, with a slope of more than 200 m 2, gutters with a diameter of 150 mm are ideal, and pipes with a diameter of 120 mm are ideal for them.

All this is not just like that, because if you choose the wrong products, a large stream of water can accumulate in them, and everything will pour out through the top, and this is already bad.

In addition to the fact that the gutters have different sizes, they may differ in the material from which they are made and even in their shape.

What material to choose

It should be noted that finished products must meet certain requirements, the main of which are:

1. High strength to resist various external factors. Since they will be outside, they will be exposed to wind, hail, ice from the roof, or someone may accidentally snag a pipe. Therefore, it is important that the gutters and pipes withstand these impacts well, so that you do not have to change them often.
2. Durability and resistance to temperature extremes. Constant sunshine, rain and other precipitation, external environment- all this can spoil the material, causing it to corrode or deform. To avoid this, choose quality material.
3. A good appearance is, of course, not the main thing, but the first thing they pay attention to. Everyone wants their home to be beautiful, so the elements must be appropriate.

When choosing products, pay attention to these indicators if you want the drainage system to serve you for a long time. The entire drainage system, as well as, in fact, the gutters, can be made of two types of material:

1. Metal.
2. Plastic.

These are the basic materials that have stood the test of time and distinguished themselves by their positive qualities. Metal products can be divided into several types:

• from galvanized steel;
• aluminum;
• from copper;
• from titanium-zinc.

To find out which material is best for your gutters and system, let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of each material to learn how to choose the best option.

Galvanized steel gutters

Galvanized steel gutters are very popular. Their predecessors were tin products, which were inferior in quality to galvanized ones. The material has its own advantages, such as strength and low price, thanks to which such gutters were used very often. However, galvanized steel quickly fails, rusting under the influence of acid rain. Given this, the products were improved a little: they began to be coated with polymers such as plastisol and pural. Thanks to this, the gutters became protected from corrosion, mechanical stress and fading, which significantly reduced the number of their weaknesses.

Now gutters made of galvanized steel are made in a wide range and color scheme, so you can choose the elements that would fit perfectly into the interior of your home. Such gutters are connected to each other by special connecting elements with sealing rubber, brackets and locks. To fix the elements in place, brackets with a snap-on design are used, without the use of self-tapping screws, etc.

Material advantages:

• resistance to corrosion;
• low price;
• strength;
• ease of installation;
• good appearance;
• a wide range of materials and accessories.

Flaws:

• the fragility of the coating, if it is damaged during transportation or installation, then rust will form at this place;
• short service life.

Aluminum gutters

Aluminum gutters are more practical, as they are varnished or painted in different colors which allows the material to last longer. Moreover, aluminum is much lighter, and the thickness of the gutter can be 0.8–1 mm. Gutters can be bought already in ready-made. They cost a little more than galvanized steel. Their connection is due to rivets and glue for aluminum. And to seal the connection and make it airtight, use a special paste or silicone. In addition, you can make such gutters yourself from aluminum sheets. To do this, you need to cut the canvas and bend it in size.

Material advantages:

• light weight;
• ease of installation;
• resistance to corrosion and ultraviolet;
• strength;
• good appearance;
• durability over 80 years.

Flaws:

• high price;
• electrochemical corrosion, which occurs when aluminum comes into contact with another metal.

Copper gutters

Copper gutters have the most long term operation. A feature of such gutters is that they do not require additional processing during manufacture. by special means. Their connection occurs by soldering or seam, without connecting elements. Over time, copper will oxidize, as a result of which it will acquire a greenish tint, and in the future the surface will become almost malachite altogether. All thanks to the patina - a coating on copper that occurs as a result of oxidation. If your roof is made of seam or copper, then this complements the overall look of the house and gives it some sophistication, as it will be in harmony with the elements of the drain.

Note! It is important to consider that, as in the case of aluminum, contact of copper with other metals is unacceptable. So if your roof is made of metal tiles, running water will corrode the copper.

• strength;
• durability;
• good looks.

Flaws:

• high price;
• complexity of installation;
• electrochemical corrosion.

Zinc-titanium gutters

The material can be made in a natural silver color, as well as subsequently specially coated with a patina to improve the appearance. Its name does not mean that the main component of the material is titanium. In the composition of titanium-zinc, 99.5% of the total mass is zinc, and the rest is small additions of aluminum, copper and, of course, titanium. But despite the minimum proportion of titanium in the composition, it makes the product strong enough, because, as you know, zinc itself is quite fragile. The connection of the gutters occurs due to soldering, in which a special paste is used. This type of product can be called the most expensive, so I use it very rarely. But still, a drainage system made of titanium-zinc will serve not only you, but also your grandchildren, since the service life of the material is 150 years.

• strength;
• durability;
• resistance to external factors;

Flaws:

• high price;
• installation complexity.

Plastic gutters

This is the most common and sought after material. Plastic gutters can be of different colors, which are uniform over the entire surface, since the dye is added at the manufacturing stage. This is good because even when the products are scratched or damaged, this will not greatly affect big picture because nothing will be visible. Plastic is a material that is not subject to corrosion, so it will not rust. And in order to endow the material with resistance to chemical aggression and ultraviolet rays, it is coated with titanium dioxide or acrylic. Such gutters do not require additional care and processing.

The gutters are connected to each other by couplings with a rubber seal, latches and adhesive joints. Plastic products are inexpensive, light and will serve you for a long time, for 50 years. Moreover, the material is able to withstand significant temperature fluctuations, from -30 ˚C to +60 ˚C, loads from snow and wind. Note that even damaged gutters can last a long time, while the same pural, if simply scratched, will soon have to be replaced and thrown away.

• lowest cost;
• have a smooth surface, so that dirt does not accumulate inside;
• corrosion resistance, it just never appears on plastic;
• ease of installation;
• linear expansion is 7 times better than metal products.

Flaws:

• low resistance to negative temperatures when the temperature drops below 30 ˚C, the plastic becomes brittle;
• under mechanical stress, the material will crack and break, and the metal will simply collapse.

That's all you need to know to decide which material to choose when buying gutters. Weigh the pros and cons, analyze your climate, living conditions, as well as the amount of funds. This will help you choose the right option.

Form of finished products

Except that the gutters are sold various sizes and from different materials, they also have a variety of shapes. Such designs, depending on the section, are:

• semicircular;
• trapezoidal;
• semi-elliptical;
• rectangular;
• square.

The most common and as we know them are semicircular gutters. They can be used for various roof designs. The edges of the gutters, wrapped inward or outward, serve as stiffeners to increase the stability of the entire gutter against all sorts of loads. Elements having a semi-elliptical shape can contain and move a large number of water, so they are bought in the case when the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof slope is large.

The use of square and rectangular gutters is not as common due to the fact that they are selected exclusively for the design of the entire house. Moreover, such a design can be easily damaged by snow falling from the roof, so they are installed in a special way, and snow catchers must be mounted on the roof.

Note! Semi-circular and semi-elliptical shapes are the easiest to care for, as they do not have hard-to-reach places, such as corners, where dirt can accumulate.

What form of gutters to choose is purely yours, personal. But you need to know that the pipes for such parts are selected appropriate. For example, for semi-circular and semi-elliptical products, you need round drainpipes, and for boxed (trapezoidal, square or rectangular) - square pipes.

Main selection criteria

Based on all of the above, you need to decide which water drainage system to choose. Your choice should be based on how much rainfall in your area falls in winter period time. If in winter the air temperature can reach -25˚ C and below, and you know that there is a threat of ice and ice formation, it would be more rational to install a metal structure.

Note! Regardless of what material you use - metal or plastic - experts recommend using steel fasteners (brackets and pipe holders).

The second factor you should consider is the shape of the gutter. Indeed, its efficiency in collecting water depends on what the geometry of the structure will be. The most practical and easy to use are semi-circular and semi-elliptical shapes, which are in high demand, easy to clean and able to hold large amounts of water.

The last factor is size. You need to measure and find out what area the roof slope of your house has in order to accurately select the size of the gutter section. Then the whole system will function correctly and without failures. Well, the color of the details is also important, which you should choose based on the interior of the house. The drain must be in harmony with the architecture of the entire building.

Note! When you want to carry out all the installation work of the system yourself, pay attention to designs that are easy to assemble. After all, for example, copper elements need to be soldered, which not everyone can do. It is much easier to connect parts with a simple element.

You only have to purchase necessary elements. But this is not the end, as you still need to install a watercourse system. How to do it right, we will consider further.

Rules for installing gutters and drainage systems

In order for your installation to be carried out correctly, it is important to read the instructions and recommendations in the manual that were indicated by the manufacturer of the product you purchased. Basically, during installation, you must adhere to the following rules:

1. Installation of brackets under the gutters should occur at a given distance from each other. For metal gutters, the installation step is 80-120 cm, and for plastic products - 50-80 cm.
2. The gutters are attached under the overhang at a slight slope, approximately 3˚ (for 1 m of length, a slope of 3–5 mm) to the drain site. This will be enough to ensure that the water flowing from the roof does not stagnate in the gutter, but flows freely to the funnel, and it does not overflow during heavy rain.
3. The location of the edge of the gutter relative to the plane of the roof should be indented at least 3 cm. That is, the goon must be fixed at a distance of 3 cm or more from the edge of the roof. Then the snow will not damage it and will not tear it off, rolling off the roof.
4. To ensure that water always enters the container clearly, its outer edge must be set to a third of the diameter of the gutter, so that most of, that is, 2/3 of the width, protruded beyond the edge of the roof.
5. If the roof is too steep, it is not always possible to bring the system into line with points 3 and 4. In this case, you will need to install special barriers or snow traps on the roof that will protect the gutter from snow.
6. It is better to place the inner edge slightly higher than the outer one, so that in case of blockage, the water accumulating in the gutter does not fall directly on the walls and facade.
7. When installing gutters, it is important to maintain thermal gaps at the junction of the elements. Since the structure will be constantly affected sunlight, and then they will cool again, then the connections should allow the elements to move freely. Therefore, it is not necessary to strongly clamp parts of the structure at the attachment points.

Given all these tips, as well as instructions for your design, let's begin to consider the process of installing all the elements.

How to install a drainage system

How long have you been building a constructor? Now you can do something similar. Installation of the system is simple, but unsafe, since all work takes place at a height. To protect yourself from accident, use a serviceable, reliable ladder or scaffolding.

First you need to calculate how many meters long your walls are, where the gutters will be attached. It is also advisable to estimate a project or scheme, how and where the gutters will be placed, how many downpipes will be, etc. You can immediately calculate how many components you need. 1 funnel is needed per 10 m of gutter. Calculate how many funnels are required, exactly the same number of pipes is needed. The number of brackets depends on overall length gutters, as well as how far apart they are attached. Clamps for vertical pipes are easier to calculate, since 2-3 clamps will go to 1 pipe. All this is best done in advance in order to quickly complete the installation.

Now it remains to install the system in place. All work is divided into several stages:

1. Places for installation of brackets are outlined. To give them a slope, set the start and end points, taking into account the slope, and connect them. On the formed line, put the following points, taking into account the pitch of the fasteners. Now it remains only to install them in their places.
2. Now you need to assemble the gutter. It is better to do it on the ground. Then you will not only protect yourself, but also collect them with high quality. Connect the parts together with the fastening that is provided, and install the funnel in the right places.
3. Install the finished structure on the gutters, and fix them with fasteners provided for by your package.
4. After the gutters are securely fixed, it is necessary to connect the funnel to the knee, if necessary, and install the sewer. Please note that this pipe should not be pressed against the wall. It is necessary to maintain a distance of 3 cm or more. In order to install it vertically evenly, use a plumb line. In the right places, put the fixing clamps and install the pipe in place.
5. Attach a guide elbow to the bottom of the pipe, which will divert water from the foundation.
6. In those places where the end of the gutter is not used, you need to put plugs so that water does not spill out.
7. If the system needs to be placed around the perimeter, connect a corner gutter to the gutter, which can be used to go around the corner and continue installation in the same way.

This is how you can easily and simply install a roof drainage system yourself. It will be properly selected and installed in accordance with all the rules, so you are guaranteed a long service life and high-quality water drainage. It is only necessary to choose all the components correctly: material, size, shape and color, and also to assemble everything correctly. But now your house is protected from water, which would gradually erode it and destroy the foundation.

Note! Water can be drained into closed system collecting and discharging water, such as ground drainage system, storm sewer, simple sewer, water collection tank, etc.

If you managed to make such a system yourself, share your experience with other users. This will help everyone make sure that doing all the work by hand is possible. This will save you money and give you confidence that you are the real owner of the house.

The removal of rainwater and water formed from melting snow from the roof of the house is carried out through gutters and downpipes. Gutters are wall-mounted and hinged. Wall gutters are made according to metal roofing or metal roof overhangs with a slope to the drainpipe funnel.

Hinged gutters are made of separate trays roofing steel with their subsequent connection into a gutter and fastening on hooks under the water drain from the roof. Most often, wall gutters are arranged on roofs with large areas coverings, roofs complex with curved surfaces(vaulted, conical, etc.).

Wall gutters should be between 150 and 200 mm high, depending on the catchment area (roof slope area) and the distance between downpipes. The upper edges of the gutters are trimmed with a lapel tape.

Mounted gutters are usually arranged on small roofs. "Small roofs" are roofs on separate buildings, as well as roofs of one building, lying in different levels and not interconnected by the coating material.

Gutter trays should have a width of 105-215 mm at the bottom and 160-226 mm at the top of the tray. The upper edges end with a lapel tape. The tail part of the tray, suitable for the gutter, is nailed to the drain funnel.

The hooks to which the gutters are attached are located at a distance of at least 700 mm from one another. The gutter sheets are connected to each other and to the ordinary roofing (if the roof or the eaves of the roof are made of a metal sheet) with double recumbent folds, smearing the seams with red lead or bituminous putty.

Pipes that drain water from the roof are suspended vertically at a distance of at least 120 mm from the wall. Pipe outlets are located no higher than 400 mm above the level of the sidewalk (blind area). The lower part of the pipe link at a distance of 50-60 mm from the end is trimmed with a collar, which makes it possible to increase the rigidity of the pipes and prevent their downward displacement.

Vertical seams of pipes are made with recumbent folds with a width of not more than 10 mm with upset. Holes for the passage of pipes are arranged in interfloor cornices and corbels. Bypassing these projections by means of knees should be allowed as an exception.

The stirrups with which the pipes are attached to the wall are placed at the joints of the pipe links. Graduation knees (marks) are fixed with two stirrups.

Funnel outlets and outlet elbows are made of short sections of pipes connected at an angle of 120o or 135o. The outlet of the knee is located above the ground not higher than 400 mm. The funnel of the drainpipe is connected to the tray with a recumbent fold, for which purpose in the funnel shell ( top part funnel rings) make a cutout with a width corresponding to the width of the tray.

In the manufacture of downpipe parts from roofing sheet steel, the following is performed:

• marking and cutting sheets according to the selected dimensions
• edge bending and fold preparation
• bending of roofing steel according to the shape of the product and joining into folds
• connecting individual parts into products according to a given shape and assembling them (for elbows, ebbs and funnels)
• stamping (if necessary) of the annular stiffening grooves from the finished sections of downpipes using hand-operated rollers

Consumption of materials

The consumption of materials (in kilograms) for the manufacture of downpipe parts from roofing sheet steel is indicated in the table:

In the process of hanging downpipes perform:

• installation of grips with drilling holes in the wall with an electric drill and driving plugs
• assembly and installation of downpipes, incl. straight sections of pipes, bends, funnels with trays, according to the installed tongs
• fastening of pipes to grips, with fixation (clamp) of grips with wire

Covering eaves slopes, hanging gutters, hanging drain funnels and pipes are necessary from scaffolds, outlet scaffolds or hanging cradles.

Rainwater flowing from the roof has tremendous destructive power. Firstly, the walls and foundation of the house get wet, which leads to their rapid wear. Secondly, water falling from a height onto the blind area, a short time knocks out and washes out the hollows on it. Concrete blind area can collapse quite quickly, as well as paving slabs. Thirdly, all the water flowing from the roof is absorbed into the ground right next to the house, which leads to flooding of basements and basement floors. You can list the consequences for a long time, but it’s already clear that it is necessary to drain water from the roof. For this, under the roof overhang, it is necessary to install drainage system, which collects water flowing from the roof and directs it to the place intended for this on the site. To do everything right, you should familiarize yourself with what elements of the drainage system will be needed, what materials they can be made of, as well as with the technology for their installation.

Roof drainage system - elements

There are two types of drainage systems - external and internal.

External drainage system installed on roof overhangs if the roof is pitched (single-pitched, double-pitched, hip, etc.). This type of system is used in most country houses, so we will consider it in more detail.

Settles down on flat roofs, where the roofing material has a special slope leading to a funnel - a receiver of rainwater, which then enters the downpipe inside the building or in technical cavities.

• gutter. Serves to collect water flowing from the roof of the house. May have different shape and sizes, made of various materials. Further down the gutter, the water is directed to a downpipe, which directs the water to a water drain from the roof.

• Usually the gutters of the gutter system are not longer than 2.5 m, therefore, to install the gutter on the roof, the length of which is longer, it is necessary to connect the gutters to each other. Connectors equipped rubber seals, which ensure the tightness of the connection, and also serve to compensate for the thermal expansion of the gutter material.
• Gutter Angle. Various corner elements for bypass internal corners at home. Provides excellent hydrodynamics.
• brackets. Various kinds of elements that are necessary to fix the gutters to the roof. It can be a long hook for hanging gutters, a short hook, a compact hook. All of them have different design and are used in different situations.
• Funnel gutter. With the help of it, water from the gutters is collected into the downpipe. Required element for installation of a drain, at the correct installation additional sealing is not required.
• Gutter plugs are installed along the edges of the gutter so that water does not drain.
• Pipe. It drains water from the gutters. Further along the pipe, the water is drained to the place intended for this. Installed under the funnel and securely fixed to it.
• pipe elbow and drain elbow used to drain water away from the basement and blind areas of the building. The pipe elbow is used to change the direction of the downpipe. The drain elbow is installed at the bottom so that the water goes straight into the storm sewer.
• Brackets for fixing the pipe. They serve to fix the downpipe to the wall of the house, so that its position could not be disturbed by gusts of wind.

In addition to the above elements, a protective cap-mesh on the gutter so that debris, such as leaves, does not get into it. After all, a clogged drain begins to perform its functions poorly. Also, instead of a drain pipe, decorative drain chains can be used, through which water flows into a container or a flower bed located immediately below the funnel. Such a chain can be a real decoration of the house, if it is correctly beaten with other exterior items and you choose gutters that are organically combined with the chain.

Types of gutters and downpipes

Gutters and pipes are the main elements of the system that ensures the drainage of rainwater from the roof. On the market you can buy ready-made kits gutter systems, consisting of various elements, after connection and installation of which you can be sure that the collection and runoff of rainwater is ensured. The main thing is to choose the right size. Typically, the gutter diameter ranges from 90 mm to 150 mm, and the downpipe diameter ranges from 75 mm to 120 mm.

What diameter gutter and downpipe to choose depends on the size of the roof of the house. For roofs with a small slope from 10 to 70 m2, gutters with a diameter of 90 mm are suitable, and pipes - 75 mm. For roofs with a slope area of ​​more than 100 m2, gutters with a diameter of 100, 120, 130 and 150 mm are used, and pipes - 90 mm, 100 and 120 mm.

In addition to size, the elements of the drainage system differ in the material of manufacture and even in shape.

Gutter material

Gutter systems, including gutters, can be either metal, or plastic. Metal gutters include galvanized steel, aluminum, copper, titanium-zinc and pural gutters (galvanized steel coated on both sides with a polymer).

Although more resistant to water than the tin gutters that have been used in the past, however, they quickly fail under the influence of acid rain. Therefore, recently they are used less and less, and then only because they are the cheapest. But products coated with polymers, for example, pural, are resistant to corrosion, fading of the material, as well as mechanical stress. These gutters are available in a wide range of colors, so you can choose the product that best matches the facade of the building. The connection of gutters made of galvanized steel coated with a polymer is carried out using special connecting elements with sealing rubber bands, locks and brackets. And the brackets have a snap-on design. The disadvantage of such products is the fragility of the coating, which can be damaged during transportation or installation, and then at the cleavage site polymer coating rust will form.

varnished or painted in various colors, so they serve for a long time. Products are bought ready-made and connected with rivets and glue for aluminum; special paste or silicone can also be used for sealing. Apart from finished products it is possible to make a water drain from the roof of aluminum sheet directly on the construction site by cutting the sheet and bending it in a certain way.

They are considered the most durable. They are made of pure copper without additional coatings. They are connected to each other with a seam or soldering. Most often they are mounted on seam copper roofs. Over time, copper oxidizes, acquiring a greenish tint, and later - almost malachite. This is the so-called patina - copper oxide. It gives the whole roof a certain sophistication. Against the general background of such a roof, the gutters and drains will not stand out at all, as if they are one with the roof.

When installing copper drains, it must be remembered that they should not come into contact with other metals - aluminum or steel, and the roof of the house should also not be made of these materials, otherwise the water flowing from them will corrode the copper.

Trough made of titanium-zinc may have a natural silver color, or may be specially coated with a patina. By the way, titanium-zinc is a material that is 99.5% zinc, and the rest is copper, aluminum and titanium additives. Titanium in this case gives a certain strength to the product, since zinc itself is very fragile. The zinc-titanium gutters are connected by soldering, during which special pastes are used. This type of gutters is the most expensive of the existing ones. this moment, so it is rarely used. But it can last up to 150 years.

The most common. The plastic from which they are made is stained in its mass, so the color of the product is uniform and even if the surface is damaged, this will not be noticeable, as if the material was painted only on the outside. To make PVC more resistant to UV rays and chemical aggression, the surface of the gutters is coated with acrylic or titanium dioxide. PVC gutters are interconnected by means of couplings with rubber seals, latches and adhesive joints. The service life of a PVC drain can reach 50 years, and all due to the fact that PVC is not afraid of corrosion, withstands temperature extremes (-50 ° C - +70 ° C), as well as large snow and wind loads. In the process of snow falling from the PVC roof, the gutters are not damaged due to the fact that they do not have a vulnerable coating. For example, if the ice from the roof scratches the pural, such a gutter will not last long.

Gutter shape

In addition to the fact that gutters are made of various materials, they can also have a different shape. The sections of the gutters are as follows: semicircular, trapezoidal, semi-elliptical, square and rectangular, as well as imitating the shape of the cornice.

Semi-circular gutters are the most common and fit any roof structure. Their edges turned inward and outward are stiffening ribs, which increase the resistance of the gutters to mechanical stress. Semi-elliptical gutters are able to contain and move a larger volume of water, therefore they are used to drain water from the roof of a house with a large slope area. Square and rectangular gutters are selected for a specific design, so they are not used everywhere. In addition, such a design can be easily damaged during snow melting from the roof, therefore it is mounted in a special way, and snow retainers are installed on the roof.

Whatever shape of the gutter is chosen, the pipes to them must match: for semicircular and semi-elliptical gutters - round pipes, and for boxed (square, rectangular and trapezoidal) - square.

Brackets - hooks for attaching gutters differ in size and shape, as well as in the place of fasteners. It is from the place of fastening that the shape depends:

• Brackets attached to a windboard that is nailed along the roof slope. Such hooks are called front brackets, they are screwed to the wind board and have an adjustment mechanism.
• Flat curved brackets are fixed to the rafter leg, if the step between the rafters does not exceed the allowable distance between the brackets for the gutter, and can also be fixed to the extreme lath of the crate or to a solid boardwalk.
• Flat curved brackets can be attached to the side of the rafters, only they must first be bent.
• Universal brackets can be attached anywhere: to the windboard, to the last batten, to the rafters in the front or side, as well as to solid boarding.

Usually the brackets come with the gutters and the entire gutter system, so they match the shape and color of the gutter exactly. For example, for trapezoidal gutters, brackets of a special trapezoidal shape are used. The same applies to other species.

The material of the brackets depends on the material of the gutters. For copper products, copper or steel brackets. For titanium-zinc gutters, only titanium-zinc fasteners. But for gutters made of PVC or galvanized steel coated with a polymer, metal brackets are used, which are covered with a composite sheath or painted to match the color of the drain.

The dimensions of the holders and brackets must match the dimensions of the gutters. Although there are universal models that can be adjusted, so they are suitable for gutters and pipes of any diameter.

Installation of a rainwater drainage system from the roof

Installing a gutter system on a pitched roof is easy enough to be done by one person with a partner. Although the installation technology itself has some important nuances and little things that determine the reliability of the entire system. If you doubt your abilities, then it is better to entrust the installation to specialists. The fact is that manufacturers of drainage systems for the most part give a guarantee for the product. If the elements of the system are damaged during transportation or installation, the warranty will be void. If you turn to professionals for help, you will have a guarantee not only for products, but also for the work performed.

If you decide to install a drain for water from the roof yourself, then the instructions below will come in handy.

First of all, you need to decide what material you need the drain from, what shape and color. Then it calculates how many elements are required. After buying everything you need, you can proceed to the work itself.

Fixing brackets

It is extremely important to correctly determine what it is better to attach the brackets to specifically in your case. Remember, the distance from the gutter to the wall should not be less than 6 - 8 cm. Otherwise, the wall will get wet, if not from sewage, then from condensate.

The next rule is that the gutter should be located with a slope of 5 - 20 mm per 1 m running, so that water does not accumulate in it, but rushes by gravity into the funnel and pipe. Therefore, the brackets must be mounted not on the same horizontal line, but with an offset. Before you start installing the brackets, you need to verify the required slope and outline it. Only then can installation begin.

How to collect water from the roof and correctly calculate the slope? We take the length of the ramp, for example, 8 m. The slope should be 10 mm per 1 m. It turns out that the difference in height between the upper and lower brackets should be 80 mm. If the length of the slope is more than 12 m, then it is necessary to equip two drain pipes, and make the gutter with a slope in two directions. Starting from the middle of the slope, the left side of the gutter should slope to the left and down, and the right side should slope to the right and down.

The topmost bracket is attached first.. It must be located with opposite side from the drainpipe. It must be installed in such a way that the water flowing from the roof gets into it, but it is not in the way of the descending avalanche-like snow, otherwise the system will not withstand. The distance from the edge of the roof to the first upper bracket should be 10 - 15 cm. It is fixed with self-tapping screws.

The second is attached to the last lowest bracket. It must be fixed on the screws, without twisting to the end. Then a building thread is stretched between the brackets and places for attaching intermediate brackets are marked along it. The distance between the brackets should be 40 - 70 cm depending on the system, the most common spacing is 50 cm. All intermediate brackets are fixed.

Important! When installing brackets, it is important to remember that the gutters will be connected to each other and the bracket must not fall into place under the connecting element. Also, it should not be under the receiving funnel, but at a distance of 10 - 20 cm from it.

By the way, the receiving funnel is not installed in the corner of the slope, but 40 - 70 cm closer to the middle, at the level of the walls of the house.

Therefore, the last lower bracket must be rearranged slightly higher than the position on which it was first attached so that water can drain into the funnel.

Installation of gutters

Next, the gutter is assembled and installed on the brackets. Gutters are usually produced in lengths of 1 m, 2 m and 2.5 m. Therefore, the elements must first be connected. To do this, use elements with sealing rubber.

Plugs are installed along the edges of the gutter, and a receiving funnel / storm inlet is installed in the right place. The axis of the funnel watering must coincide with the axis of the hole cut in the gutter.

The gutter should have a slope not only towards the receiving pipe, but also away from the house. This will ensure safety and reduce the possibility of damage to the gutter during an avalanche.

The drainpipes are installed last. Drain pipe must be positioned exactly under the funnel/drainpipe. The pipe is fixed to the walls with special holders or clamps. The fastening of the clamps depends on the material of the walls, it can be screws, nails, self-tapping screws or dowels.

Pipe holders must be placed at the pipe junctions - under each socket. The maximum distance between the holders is 1.8 - 2 m. The last element of the pipe - the drain elbow - must be positioned so as to drain water to the place intended for this.

Where to divert water from the roof

Well, the drainage system is installed on the roof, it remains to decide where all the collected water will be discharged. And there are several options:

• . A barrel or tank for rainwater can be placed at a distance from the house (about 0.5 - 5 m) from above, or it can be buried in the ground. Water flowing from the roof will accumulate in the tank, and then it can be used to water the garden or garden.

• If rainwater is not needed, and you are not going to water anything, then it can be diverted to a collection filtration well. A pit is dug in the ground, on the bottom of which a layer of rubble is poured. Then equip from above concrete well, which is also covered up to half with crushed stone interspersed with sand, and on top with sand. This bedding serves as an absorbent element. Seeping through the sand and gravel, the water is purified. Such a well should be located at least 2 m away from the house, otherwise the level may rise ground water around the house.

• . If a private house is connected to a central sewer, then rainwater can be diverted into it, but only by agreement and for a fee.

• Draining rainwater into a drainage ditch or pond. Rainwater is clean enough not to harm the ecosystem if poured into a drainage ditch or water body (lake, river, artificial kopanka). The main thing is to calculate that the water level in the drainage ditch does not rise too high in case of heavy rains.

The removal of water from the roof of the house is mandatory so that it does not undermine the foundation and does not destroy it. Therefore, if possible, it is necessary to equip a complete drainage system. If this is not possible, for example, this happens if the roof is sloping and made of natural materials - reeds or straw, then its overhangs should protrude at least 50 cm outside the house. At the bottom, it is desirable that water flow directly to the ground.

There are no trifles in construction, even the drainage of storm water requires careful planning at the project stage. This is primarily due to functional features drainage system and materials used. Correctly organized system the drain guarantees the absence of moisture leakage under the roof and the violation of the integrity of the building.

Functions

1. Protection of the foundation and walls of the building. Despite the type of construction, meltwater from the roofs can erode the foundation for some 5 to 10 years. Flowing down the walls of the building, water can penetrate into the smallest cracks and gradually break the structure. Getting into the ground near the foundation, rain and melt water washes away and destroys it. A storm watercourse will help protect the building from this.
2. Ability to collect rainwater. Melt and rain water is often used for irrigation, especially indoor and greenhouse plants. Although rainwater harvesting is not as high a priority as building protection, using it can be a bonus, because if the building is already equipped with a storm drain, you can use it as an auxiliary watering tool, at least for flower beds and flower beds.
   
3. Decorative function also matters. A building without installed drainage systems will not be very attractive from the outside, but will create an unfinished look. The use of commercially available standard drains is often not consistent with the overall exterior of the building, so in this case, you can think about self-manufacturing or bespoke products.
   

Gutters and storm systems play an important role in the final finishing of buildings. There are many options for this design, a specialist will help you choose the optimal one, and you can do the simplest and most uncomplicated one yourself.

What are

If the roof of the house is gable, there are no problems with the drain. To do this, it will be enough to protect the upper docking part and install along the edges of the gutter with a slight slope. Rain and melt water will drain naturally without getting inside and without causing any harm to the building.

Most often, the problems of proper drainage lie in wait for owners modern houses with a more complex roof structure. Usually this point is planned at the project development stage, but there are times when a seemingly insignificant nuance was not considered and there were problems with drainage.

In order to understand clearly how the storm water drainage system works, you can understand in detail the types and configurations of the gutters. So, in shape there are rectangular, rounded and triangular gutters for draining storm water.

The most popular are semicircular designs. It is believed that in this way the water passes its way faster and the storm drain is less clogged with leaves and dirt than structures with a corner arrangement. Rectangular gutters can be used as drainage grooves in floor coverings. In this case, they are equipped with an additional grate that acts as rainwater. Such precautions are often used both for ease of movement (puddles do not accumulate) and for protection floor tiles and asphalt (water does not erode the surface structure).

Triangular grooves are usually homemade designs, but are also found in the purchase assortment. The choice of one or another configuration usually depends on the preferences of the owner and the architectural features of the building. All three options are quite convenient and functional, so there are no special differences between them, except perhaps a visual image.

On the video - gutters for the removal of storm drains:

What material are they made from

There are three main types of materials that are most suitable for these purposes. The main selection criterion will be the ability to withstand weather precipitation and temperature changes. There is also a tendency to choose storm systems to match the windows and walls of the building.. This important detail will give a harmonious look to the building, and will not look like an alien element against its background.

What material is used:

1. Polymer compounds, usually common polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Main advantages: light weight and affordable price. Among the disadvantages can be noted heating under the sun's rays, which can lead to deformation and the risk of damage during heavy precipitation, such as hail or under the weight of snow. Estimated service life - 50 years. For hot climatic zones, plastic is usually used. white color, in temperate zones, brown is also suitable. There are varieties of green, brick and black colors.
   
2. Cink Steel differs in the big weight and good quality of a design therefore and fastenings have to be corresponding. Usually home-made gutters are made of galvanization, but purchased options can also be purchased from this material. The service life will be in the region of 10–15 years, and then with enough good care. The annual audit should include timely cleaning of dirt and debris. Despite the "stainless" characteristics, galvanized steel is prone to corrosion, so the service life of such gutters is relatively short.
   
3. Copper storm systems- the highest quality and prestigious option. The service life is about 100 years, while such systems have a more complex configuration and usually form a harmonious composition with a roof, which is also made of this material. High strength and performance characteristics They also have their drawbacks, the main of which is a significant price. Such a system must also be taken into account when planning a building, since the serious weight of the structure requires additional reinforcement.
   

It is quite difficult to determine the best manufacturers in the domestic market, because special studies in this area have not been conducted. Among the most competitive companies, the following categories can be distinguished:

As you can see, the choice is quite large, so purchasing suitable products is a matter of time and financial investment.

How to properly organize a drainage system

The main nuances that must be considered when buying are usually negotiated with the contractor, but if you decide to do this work yourself, this information will be very useful to you.

Components of the storm system:

1. gutter- the main part, its size depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe slope, the higher this indicator, the more the volume of the gutter will be needed.
   
2. Storm water inlet has the shape of a funnel and serves to connect the gutter and the pipe that directly discharges water.
3. The pipe usually has the same diameter as the gutter and is designed to drain drainage water away from walls and foundations.
   
4. Stubs are used in places where no storm water inlet is installed and water drainage is not planned, usually this is the highest point of the system.
   
5. Corners and swivel joints designed to create the most convenient design that allows you to cover the entire perimeter of the building. There are internal and outside corners, which can also differ in the degree of rotation.
   
6. Fasteners are classified according to the type of connection and usually come with gutters.
   

When planning the system, the optimal fastening pitch should also be taken into account: too frequent will look ridiculous and create disharmony (not to mention material costs). If, however, fastening the gutters is quite long distance from each other, there is a high risk of the gutter breaking under the mass of flowing water.

The optimal dimensions, established empirically, are:

• The gutter must be fixed every 600 mm.
• The pipe is at least 1 meter apart.
• The minimum slope of the gutter is 2–3 mm per meter of length.

Do not be lazy before going to the store to draw up a tentative plan for the location of the storm system. Thus, you can visually calculate all necessary elements and avoid unnecessary spending or constructive oversights.

On video - correct installation gutters for storm drains:

If you plan to install the gutter with an overlap in the direction of water flow, you must take into account the additional length when purchasing. Often, sealants are used to additionally seal joints. It is best to use special formulations designed for outdoor use and weather conditions. It should be borne in mind that the annual audit in such cases will include monitoring the condition of the seams and, if necessary, editing in place.

Purchased gutters and accessories

Despite the availability homemade version, most owners of private houses still prefer to seek help from specialized products. It is usually not difficult to purchase such goods; the assortment of any hardware store or site will offer several options to choose from at once. Plastic gutters are very successful, which are not only durable and easy to install, but also have a low weight, which significantly reduces the load on the roof and building.

Many construction companies offer their services for the design and installation of a storm system. If the roof configuration is rather complicated, and you do not have enough experience in such work, it is best to trust the professionals. Otherwise, it is quite possible to perform these works independently, and ideally with at least one assistant.

A storm drainage system is not vital, but it is impossible to do without it in construction. In addition to giving a building a finished look and visual appeal, a well-planned gutter helps protect the foundation from washout and the walls and roof from leaks. Usage modern materials will help to solve the problem of rain and melt water quickly and optimally.

Usually storm system goes through the design stage along with everything architectural project, but for independent design, it is not particularly difficult. Modern manufacturers represent a wide range of these products, which is also not difficult to purchase in any building supermarket or on the corresponding website.

In order to carefully and efficiently perform systems that ensure the collection and then removal of waste, melt and storm water, it is necessary to make the correct and competent calculation as carefully as possible. Also in such a situation it is impossible to do without such necessary devices as concrete gutters. Such structures are now wide application on the territories of gas stations, in a parking lot, parking, for industrial areas, a concrete gutter will also become a reliable assistant for flood protection of the territory. Warehouses, farms, airports - in all places where there is a need to drain a large amount of melt water, such devices will become indispensable.

The company "TD SDS" presents the widest range of modern drainage systems, including from us you can purchase concrete gutters for water of various lengths, widths, heights, any necessary parameters. The main reason why concrete gutters should be purchased from our company is the special method of production, and thanks to the use of exclusively advanced high-tech equipment, any product in the range is guaranteed to be of impeccable quality.

Concrete gutters for water drainage from the company "TD STS"

Concrete gutters for the removal of melted, storm water, offered by our online store, are high-quality products. First of all, they have a number of significant advantages that distinguish them from the offers of other companies:

• Concrete has long been considered one of the most durable materials for the manufacture of structures for Russian latitudes, therefore, it can withstand not only the highest physical load on the surface, but also minus temperature and sudden fluctuations in air temperature. A concrete gutter for drainage will not begin to crack and will last for a sufficiently long number of years, while absolutely not losing its important characteristics;
• A concrete gutter for water drainage is installed quickly and easily, it is possible to carry out installation independently, without the help of specialists in the field of construction;
• The concrete drainage gutter perfectly withstands the combination with active substances, which is especially important on industrial enterprises;
• Improvement bandwidth also contributes to a smooth and even surface, which distinguishes concrete storm gutters from other structures;
• For a concrete gutter for water drainage, the price always absolutely corresponds to the quality.

What concrete gutters can be bought at TD STS

You can buy a concrete gutter for water drainage in several types:

• Drainage. Mainly widely used in basement, basement floors, for laying the foundation;
• Sewer. Are intended for transportation of drains in the sewerage;
• Stormwater. Such concrete gutters for water drainage, the price of which is acceptable to almost everyone, are perfect for ennobling private cottages, summer cottages, where it is necessary to remove a large amount of precipitation so as not to flood the yard and the house itself;
• Culverts. A concrete gutter for this type of ditch is ideal for gravity drainage of water.

We recommend buying concrete gutters for a ditch using the services of our online store. First of all, for all presented concrete gutters for a ditch, the price is lower than in many companies offering services of this kind. The quality of each item in our catalog is impeccable. For drainage, storm, sewer concrete gutter, the price for wholesale buyers will also become pleasant surprise. Delivery of the order placed on the website is carried out in the maximum short time. Drainage gutters from the TD STS company are profitable, reliable and safe.