Porch vestibule attached to the corner of the house. Varieties of porches of private houses of different styles and sizes

Only taking into account all the above requirements, you can take on a detailed study of the elements of the porch. And you need to start from the foundation.

High porch to the house.

Features of the construction of the foundation under the porch

The construction of a porch should be treated as responsibly as the construction of an individual house. The basis of any structure is a solid foundation. But developers may only think about building a porch after the foundation has been laid, or the house has already been built. And this is what it leads to:

Sakyra10:

- When laying the foundation under, we did not make a rectangular small porch. Now that it's time to practice exterior trim, faced a dilemma - from what and how to build an input group. I don’t want to dig a trench for laying the main foundation, and there is no place for heavy equipment to drive in, because. a fence has already been erected. I think to put a metal porch - as the most technically simple solution, but I don’t know whether it should be tied to the house, and what foundation to choose for it.

Very often, the construction of all extensions to the house is left “for later”. Then the developers try to correct this mistake, but make another mistake: they make a rigid binding of the foundation of the extension to the main "home" foundation. Because the place of joining of two foundations does not have a sufficient margin of safety, and the foundations themselves are laid at different depths and carry different loads, then with seasonal ground movements (during frost heaving), oppositely acting forces break the anchor point, as in the photo.

The foundations shift, they stick out, cracks appear, and the structures begin to lead. Therefore, you should remember the following rule:

Any extension (porch, terrace) is a separate building that requires the construction of its own independent foundation.

Porch for a cottage.

Vit1959:

- In this case, a deformation seam is arranged between the two foundations, which is sealed with any elastic material and closed with decorative overlays.

As a result, the foundations look like a single whole, but are untied in relation to each other.

VictorUfa:

– The expansion joint can be made through the PSUL tape (pre-compressed polyurethane sealing tape), and truss system it is better to mount the roofs of the porch of the house on a hinged joint. Close the connection itself with an abutment bar.

The articulation of the elements gives the rafters relative mobility, and with small mixtures, the knot will remain intact.

If the device of the expansion joint usually does not cause difficulties, then a number of questions arise when choosing a foundation for the porch.

- I thought about building a foundation for an open porch to the house. But I still don't know which one to choose. I think to consider two options: metal or stone base. Both have their pros and cons:

• The metal base is easy and fast to install. Holes for piles are drilled in the ground, the support pipe is poured. Then a metal corner or channel is screwed or welded to it. The platform is tied up, the stringers are placed, the steps are assembled;

• The stone base is more difficult to make. A shallow strip foundation is being laid. The slab is poured and already on this basis further casting of steps from concrete is carried out. Such work involves higher costs associated with viscous reinforcing cage, pouring concrete, excavation, etc.

Vit1959:

- I would put a small porch to the house on an ordinary pile foundation, having previously drilled wells to the depth of freezing of the earth. This is the most simple and cheap option foundations under the porch of the building.

Porch, entrance to a private house.

And here is the user with the nickname Victor Ufa believes that in case of choice pile foundation under the porch, the piles can be pushed out by the lateral forces of frost heaving, as is often the case with fence posts.

Output found:

Dimastik25:

Watch our video on how to build a deck on a car tire foundation.

The most correct version of the porch is when its foundation is cast along with the house. In this case, there are practically no problems. Sometimes when planning a building, they forget about it. Then the porch is attached to the house. They make an extension mainly from three materials: wood, metal and concrete. If the house is brick, they can build it out of brick. Another option is to make from building blocks with subsequent finishing. In any case, when planning to make a porch with your own hands, you must immediately decide what kind of foundation to make and whether or not to connect it with the base of the building.

How to calculate parameters

First you need to decide which side the steps will go to. They can be on one, two or three sides. Determine this based on personal preferences and finances that you can / want to allocate for construction. The height of the porch depends on the height of the plinth and should be 50-70 mm below the edge of the door leaf. This small step prevents precipitation from entering the house. Perhaps more importantly, it prevents the doors from being blocked if the porch rises from frost heaving (if the doors open outward).

Determine the dimensions of the top platform

The layout of the porch begins with determining the size of the upper platform. If the doors open outward, you should be able to open the doors while standing on the platform. That is, its depth should be 30-40 cm more than the width of the door leaf. According to the recommendations of GOST, the dimensions of the site should be 1.5 times the width of the doorway. More is possible - less is undesirable - inconvenient.

If your doors are 80 cm wide, then the depth of the upper platform at the very minimum is 120 cm. You determine its width based on the tastes and proportions of the house, but it must definitely be greater than the width of the doorway.

We count the number and size of steps

You know the height of the porch: 50-60 mm below the door leaf. The recommended step (riser) height is 15-20 cm. Divide the height of the porch by the height of the steps, you get the approximate number of steps. The number is rarely whole. The remaining centimeters can be divided between all the steps or make one of them higher. Another option is to make a small step at the bottom, although this can be inconvenient.

The optimal step width (tread) is 25-30 cm. Knowing the number of steps, the depth of the upper platform, the depth of the steps, you can calculate the dimensions of the porch completely. According to them, it is already possible to develop the foundation for the porch.

When choosing the parameters of the steps, one must adhere to the recommendations of SNiP: the sum of the prosup and the double riser should be in the range of 600-640 mm. For example, you calculated that the height of the step (risers) is 17 cm, the tread (depth of the degree) is 280 mm. After completing the calculations, we get: 170 mm * 2 + 280 mm = 620 mm. We fit into the recommended parameters, so nothing needs to be changed.

What foundation is needed

If the porch is planned to be light - wooden or metal - the foundation is most often made of pile or column. Specifically, they are chosen based on geological conditions. On well-draining soils with low ground water enough , with a tendency to heave needed already , perhaps .

For a heavy porch - made of brick or monolithic concrete - they make a strip foundation or. The type of foundation is most often similar to that on which the house is built.

Then you need to decide whether you will tie the porch foundation to the house foundation or not. Decisions are made based on the planned mass of the extension and the type of soil. Both options have disadvantages. If there is no connection, cracks often form at the junction of the porch and the house, and the porch can warp due to frosty heaving. Owners of summer cottages often face such a problem - basically the porch to the summer cottages is made wooden and incoherent. After the earth thaws, it may itself “sit down” in place, or it may require some additional measures.

When arranging connections, the formation of cracks is also possible, but not only at the junction, but also in the “body” of the extension. This happens if the arranged reinforced connections cannot compensate for the uneven load, created by the house and an outbuilding. Therefore, a connected foundation for the porch is made if it is attached to a heavy house and itself is heavy and massive, made of reinforced concrete. The second difficulty with this decision is to make the connection of high quality. To do this, use ribbed reinforcement with a diameter of 12-16 mm, under which holes are drilled in the foundation with a given diameter. Reinforcement is hammered into them and on its basis a frame for the porch is knitted.

There are two main designs of stairs: on bowstrings and on stringers. They can be made from wood or metal. There are also combined options- metal + wooden steps or metal + concrete steps.

Stair structures - on bowstrings and stringers

On bowstrings

Ladders on bowstrings are the simplest. For a porch - a good option, especially if the house is wooden or a small country house. To inside bowstrings are attached to supporting bars. If you work with metal, the bars are welded horizontally (you can use minimal slope 1-2° in order for water to flow from the steps). In the case of wood, support bars can either be nailed, to which the step will then be attached, or notches are cut in the bowstring (no more than 1/2 of the thickness of the board), into which the step boards are inserted.

On kosoura

The ladder on the stringers can also be of a simple design - with open supports. In this case, triangles are cut at the required angle in the upper part of the board. Their lower part serves as a support for the steps.

When cutting the stringer, the height of the step and the width of the tread are set aside. They are connected at right angles. According to the marked markup, a template is made, with the help of which all the steps are marked.

The number of stringers in a staircase depends on its width and on the thickness of the boards used for the steps. The thinner the board for the steps, the more often you need to put stringers. If you use 25 mm boards, then there should be a distance of no more than 50-60 cm between the two supports. If you need a large width of the stairs, but do not want to put three stringers, use thicker boards. It is important that they do not bend under your feet.

If you decide to weld a ladder on stringers from metal, you will need to be patient: you will have to weld many small segments, but the principle of formation is the same.

Ways of fastening parts

The lower edge of the porch stairs can sometimes rest directly on the ground. This option is simple but unreliable. Firstly, the soil may settle, the staircase will begin to collapse. Secondly, when in contact with the ground, both wood and metal are destroyed faster. There are special impregnations for wood (Senezh and Senezh Ultra, for example), and metal is well formed with a primer and painted in several layers. Nevertheless, it is better to make a base - to fill in a shallow-depth tape, on which the bowstrings or stringers will rest.

There are two ways to attach a ladder to a porch to a reinforced concrete base - to a bed - a bar with a section of at least 75 * 75 mm or to a lower section bar (in the photo on the left).

Difficulties may arise with the installation of porch pillars. There are several ways. There is one very simple and effective one that works great even on heaving soils (clays and loams). Holes are dug under the pillars with a depth of 50-60 cm. A bucket and a half of sand is poured into them at the bottom, and it is well tamped. On top of the sand, rubble is poured from half a bucket and also rammed. They put a pole, level it to the level, put spacers that will hold it in a given position. The space between the wall of the hole and the pillar is gradually covered with rubble, carefully ramming it. The hole is filled flush with the ground, the top can be concreted (so that the precipitation does not drain), but not spilled to the very bottom. The poles installed in this way do not lead even with strong heaving. A significant part of the water goes into the sand, and the rubble takes over the remaining forces of frost heaving, neutralizing them.

If piles, a strip foundation or a monolithic slab are poured under the pillars of the porch, a columnar base is folded, then studs or special glasses are immured in concrete to fix the wooden racks. After the concrete has matured, the bars of the racks are attached to them with capercaillie or bolts.

If the racks are metal, a corner with a wall thickness of at least 3-4 mm is laid in the concrete so that it can be easily welded to it later.

When building a wooden porch with your own hands, questions may arise about attaching railings and balusters. They can be assembled on ordinary nails, but if desired, you can use bolts or capercaillie. In this case, holes are pre-drilled, then fasteners are installed in them and tightened with an angle wrench. Such a connection is certainly more reliable than just on nails.

If the porch is attached to a freshly cut wooden house, in which shrinkage has not yet been completed, and the design of the porch provides for a canopy, it is necessary to mount the racks on special adjustable plates.

We draw your attention to the fact that both the metal and wood that you will use to build the porch require careful processing. The porch is exposed to all climatic influences and the materials require good protection.

Monolithic concrete stairs

The most durable stairs are made of monolithic concrete. They take longer to make than metal or wood, but their service life is calculated in decades. The types of stairs made of concrete are described in detail in the video. The basis of the calculation is also given.

How to make a concrete staircase on stringers with your own hands, see the next video.

wooden porch

A wooden porch is one of the most common options in our country. Wood is plastic, easy to work with, costs relatively little (in our country), forgives many mistakes. That is why it is a favorite building material.

It also has disadvantages: it requires good protection before starting construction (antibacterial impregnations and flame retardants), as well as regular care - updating the protective paintwork. Then long time looks attractive, otherwise it quickly loses its decorative effect.

One of the options for building a wooden porch with a staircase on bowstrings can be seen in the video. Please note that the porch is being built on sandy soil, so the method of installing the pillars used is not suitable for everyone. Everything else is clear.

brick porch

Since brick is a dense and heavy material, a serious foundation is required for a brick porch. Usually it is a monolithic slab, and with double reinforcement, and it is better if it is larger in size than the planned porch.

When calculating the parameters of the steps, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the brick and the thickness of the seam between them. Then it will be easier to lay the work - no need to cut the brick. If you are not going to clad the porch, use quality material for the outer rows. The inner rows - backfilling - can be made from battle or building blocks and their remnants.

Brick porch with wooden steps

If the house is on a high plinth, making a monolithic brick porch is too expensive. Then the columns or walls are folded, leaving empty space inside. It can then be used for household purposes or covered with decorative shields. If you need an upper platform, these columns / walls are covered from above with a concrete slab - homemade or finished - this is your choice. Then a ladder is attached to the resulting base. It doesn't have to be brick. It can be metal, concrete or a combination.

Photo report: wooden porch on a metal frame

Theory is only a theory, and in construction too. You always understand the essence of the matter better if you observe the process yourself, because you can see how others are doing and learn something for yourself.

At the request of the parents, an exact copy of the old porch was made. The only difference is that a metal frame is welded for the new one.

In place of the demolished porch, a pit was dug 25 cm deep. Sand was filled in layers and rammed into the bottom, crushed stone - 10 cm each. A metal mesh with a cell of 10 cm was laid on top and all this was filled with concrete.

According to the previous dimensions of the porch, a metal frame was welded (from a corner of 70 * 5 mm). Sidewalls are exposed vertically and fixed on hairpins. Further, a base for benches is welded to them. All metal treated with a rust converter, primed and painted twice.

The wood used for construction is dry. Planed boards were cut to size (the width of the porch) and treated with an impregnation for direct contact with the ground.

We lay the dried boards on the frame. You have to drill a hole for each fastener - you just can’t take a corner just like that.

At this stage, two mistakes were made at once. The first is that the sheathing was not started from the sidewalls. Immediately began to lay the steps. As a result, water constantly flows into the joints of the side sheathing and steps and the wood is distorted. It is necessary to start the sheathing from the sides, and make the steps a little longer so that they protrude beyond the side sheathing by at least a couple of centimeters. The second mistake is that the boards on the porch are stacked close to each other. With high humidity, they swell and the surface becomes uneven. When laying the porch sheathing, make gaps of at least 5-8 mm.

After all the boards are fixed, they are polished. Tape first grinder with coarse grain, then - disc with fine. The process is lengthy. At the same time, the task is to remove green color impregnation. It does not overlap even with three layers of tinting.

After sanding, we start painting. Apply three times. Each layer after complete drying of the previous one. The resulting color is dark mahogany.

While the paint dries completely, we proceed to the manufacture of benches. We cut boards under them, grind off an oblique chamfer (for beauty), cover with impregnation.

We do the backs with small decor- rounded edges.

We saw along the marked lines with a jigsaw, then grind to a smooth edge.

The sides are covered with plywood, which was painted in the same color. The porch is ready.

Do-it-yourself finished wooden porch - side view

Do-it-yourself brick-concrete porch: photo

The walls of the landing are preliminarily made of bricks, on top of which a monolithic concrete slab. Along the edge, a frame of corners is monolithic into it - so that the stairs and railings can be welded.

Porch plan: how everything should look

From a corner of 70 * 70 * 5 mm we cut blanks of the desired length. Then we treat them with a rust converter. We start cooking after the reaction has stopped and the metal has dried up.

We welded the first bowstring from metal.

The finished sidewall was attached to the concrete base with two pins.

Fastening to a concrete support support

In the same way, we cook the second bowstring and fix it. When working, make sure that the two bowstrings are in the same plane.

We begin to weld the support bars. It is important to constantly monitor the horizontal position so that the steps are not oblique.

We weld the transverse pieces of the corner to the supporting bars so that we get a shelf.

The corners are welded so that they form a frame. We put a piece of sheet slate in it. We lay out a reinforcing metal mesh on the slate. The edges of the mesh are welded to the frame.

Pour concrete into the prepared steps. We make it high-quality - so that the steps do not wear out longer.

While the concrete is gaining strength, we take on the racks that will support the canopy over the porch. For them, we take a profiled pipe 70 * 40 * 3 mm. From it we cut four columns. Two are slightly longer - they will be near the wall of the house, two are 15 cm shorter - they stand along the outer edge of the porch, creating the desired slope - so that the water and snow go off normally. For railings and crossbars, we use a profiled pipe 40 * 40 mm.

All metal is also treated with a rust converter.

First, we set up the racks, grab them, set temporary stops

In order to avoid lateral stresses, it is important to set the racks strictly vertically. We expose them, grab them, in several places with short seams, again we check whether they are standing correctly. We weld temporary stops and only after the next check we weld according to all the rules.

After all the racks are exposed and welded, you can assemble the railing. At the desired height, they are fixed strictly horizontally.

Then we proceed to the installation of the roof. We also cook it from a profile pipe 40 * 40 mm. First, the strapping around the perimeter - at the level of shorter racks, then - the rest of the structure. It is not difficult, but it takes a lot of time - a lot of intersections.

Then it was the turn of the railings and decorations. And again, there are no difficulties, it can be done easily if desired.

Everything, the porch is ready for finishing work. Rough tiles for outdoor use were purchased for the steps and landing. She also trimmed the sidewall of a monolithic slab.

The metal was painted with matching paint, the roof was covered with corrugated board left after the installation of the roof. The do-it-yourself porch turned out to be quite good.

Porch design photo ideas

Porch to wooden bath or dacha - a ladder made of logs

Porch sheathed with WPC - wood-polymer composite

The porch to the veranda allows you to harmoniously continue the atmosphere of solitude with nature, first in the veranda, and then on the porch. There are several options and ways to build a porch attached to the veranda. How to design and build a porch to the veranda, we will consider further.

The need to build a porch attached to the veranda is explained primarily by its following functions:

• practical - this element of the building is able to provide protection front door and directly the premises itself from wind, snow, moisture and other negative environmental factors;
• decorative - the porch is an excellent decoration for any home, and if the veranda is an entrance room, then the presence of a porch in front of it will make the atmosphere of the house more comfortable and refined.

• in relation to the width, the porch should be at least 30 cm larger than the doorway, at least three people should be placed on the site;
• so that the water flows off the porch on its own, the porch should be equipped with a slight slope;
• when determining the number of steps for the porch, try to choose such a value that a person stepping on the first step with his foot would also land on the last step with the same foot;
• when determining the height of the railing, one should be guided by standard human height, a convenient value is from 80 to 100 cm.

In relation to design features, the porch is low, high, medium. If the house does not have a basement, then the best option would be to build a low porch. It has two or three steps. This design is a protective element of the entrance doors, it provides their protection from external influences. For the construction of such a porch, stone or concrete is used, but if the house is wooden, then the porch is made of wood. Railings on a low porch are practically not installed, only if they will perform an aesthetic function.

If there is free space, it is possible to build a porch that is attached to the veranda. In this case, the veranda becomes a separate part of the porch. This room is used for recreation, work or receiving guests. Please note that in order to protect the veranda from moisture, due to its low location, we recommend installing a sand cushion under it. In addition, it is necessary to equip high-quality waterproofing.

A high porch is a structure that is made in a house with ground floor. In this design, there are necessarily more than four steps and a railing that ensures the safety of descent and ascent to the porch.

A porch with a high rise to which a veranda is attached is especially chic. Although the cost of such a structure will be higher than that of a low veranda, the appearance of the structure is very attractive. The location of the veranda can be central to the house or corner. In addition, under the high veranda, you can arrange a flower garden or garden. Such a veranda is perfectly protected from moisture, so there is the possibility of arranging a pantry or cellar under it.

Tip: The rule of thumb for building a high-quality porch is to complement the main building. That is, in no case should the porch be separated from the house, it should be in harmony with it and combined in style.

In addition, when choosing a material for the construction of a porch and a veranda, one should be guided by the basic materials for building a house. That is, if the house is made of brick, then the veranda should be brick or at least stone. For a wooden house, it is desirable to build a wooden porch and veranda. Although, it is possible to combine several materials in the process of building a porch. So, for example, if the house is made of concrete, but it has certain decorative elements made of wood, then the veranda may well be wooden. The main thing is to choose the same type of wood in color and texture. If the fence of the house is stone, then the veranda can be made of stone.

The cheapest option would be to make a porch out of wood. In places of constant load, hardwood, such as oak, beech, pine, should be installed. The platform under the porch should be located at a lower level than the front door. Please note that when choosing a material, you should pay attention to wood, the moisture content of which is not more than 15%. Next, the tree is treated with antiseptics and fireproof impregnations.

The porch, for the manufacture of which stone is used, is distinguished by its strength, reliability and, above all, a long service life. However, the stone is able to collapse under the influence of moisture, so it needs constant care. Please note that when determining the depth of the foundation under the porch, the value of the depth of the foundation of the main structure should be taken into account. To finish the steps on the porch, we recommend using a natural stone, clinker tiles or porcelain stoneware.

Features of choosing a porch design

In relation to the design of the porch, it happens:

• with the presence of one site;
• with the presence of a veranda, stairs and other outbuildings.

The design of the porch and veranda must be carried out carefully and seriously. If possible, contact a specialist. They will help you choose the best type of foundation for the veranda.

Please note that it is not recommended to equip a flat roof on the veranda and porch, as snow and precipitation will constantly accumulate on it. For finishing the steps, we recommend using materials with a non-slip type of coating to avoid injury while descending the stairs.

In addition, the veranda can be attached to the entrance or to the side of the building. When choosing a construction site for a veranda and a porch, we recommend giving preference to that section of the house, the view of which from the veranda will open onto nature, a garden, a flower garden, but not a fence or a blank wall.

There are several main stages in the construction of the veranda porch:

• the process of drawing up project documentation;
• purchase of materials for the construction of the veranda and porch;
• work on digging a foundation pit and pouring the foundation, building walls and roofs;
• finishing works for internal and external purposes.

The design of the porch is selected at the first stage of the design. It is in the process of drawing up the drawings that you should choose the shape of the veranda and the porch attached to it. In addition, it is necessary to determine the type of finish, the number of windows, the location of the future premises. Try to build a veranda on the south side of the house to provide natural heating and constant lighting in winter.

When determining the design of your home's porch, choose materials that are in harmony with the overall picture of the exterior. An excellent decoration for both the porch and the veranda will be fresh flowers in flowerpots, a bench, a lantern, a rocking chair, etc. When choosing items, try to observe strict symmetry, since the flowerpot located on one side must be complemented by the same flowerpot, only on the other side.

To protect the site from the sun, special curtains or curtains are used. If the porch is also used as a veranda, we recommend installing garden furniture: chairs, table, armchairs or a comfortable sofa.

Construction technology of a wooden porch

A wooden porch is most often equipped if the whole house is made of this material. As you know, a tree tends to collapse under the influence of an increased level of humidity, changes temperature regime and others external factors. Therefore, when choosing materials for the porch, you should be especially serious and monitor their quality. Also, before building the porch, it is necessary to treat the materials with compounds that will protect the wood from moisture, fire or mold.

To build a porch wooden house, you will need:

• crushed stone, sand for the construction of pillows during the construction of the foundation;
• concrete mortar with which pouring is performed;
• electric drills, saws and screwdrivers;
• measuring tapes and level.

If you are planning an environmentally friendly porch, we recommend treating the wood with machine oil before work. Otherwise, special impregnating compounds will be required.

After determining the size of the porch, drawing up its project, the process of direct construction of the structure follows. Since the porch constantly comes into contact with damp soil, when it is arranged, it is necessary to carry out a number of works aimed at waterproofing the floor. To do this, on the site under the porch, it is necessary to remove the soil, approximately ten centimeters. Next, the site is leveled by arranging pillows on it, first from sand, and then from crushed stone.

Near the front door, two supports are being installed, which will hold the structure in the process of pouring it with concrete. For a stronger hold of the supporting elements, first fill them with crushed stone, and then fill them with concrete. To connect the supports to each other, use a reliable beam. To build a ladder, you will need a kosour or bowstring. These elements must be made of high quality wood, which does not have any defects.

Porch for country house from wood should begin to be made from stairs. After the installation of the stringers, the installation of each stage should be carried out separately. To compensate for the thermal expansion of wood, we recommend leaving a gap of 2-3 mm during the installation of steps.

Next is the installation of the platform itself. For these purposes, we recommend using a screwdriver and wood screws. Please note that the end sections of all wooden fragments are impregnated with a film-free substance. Before laying, we recommend sanding the boards, thus improving the adhesion between them and the impregnation.

Which porch is better to make to the veranda - design features of the porch of the house

When designing the porch and veranda of the house, several principles should be followed. The first of which involves the creation of a porch style common with the main building and the veranda. In this case, the finishing materials for facing the porch will be the same as those of the main building.

However, the second option involves the creation of a new style in the design of the porch and veranda. Although some of the elements should be repeated on the main part of the house and on the porch, they will combine them into a harmonious composition.

A porch design method is possible in relation to the site of the house itself. In this case, you can take as a basis a fence, flowers, a garden or tiles, which the whole house is divided into.

On a wooden porch, threaded elements will be appropriate to increase the attractiveness of the appearance of the porch. In this case, it will be possible to add a little hospitality and warmth to the main building.

A porch made of polycarbonate can be attached to a brick veranda. Its construction does not require a lot of effort and material resources. Often given material combined with metal, on which there are various kinds of threaded elements.

If there is a large amount of space in front of the entrance to the veranda, we recommend equipping summer terrace designed for recreation and receiving guests. For terrace cladding, we recommend using finishing materials with high level wear resistance. Since this part of the building is under the constant influence of negative environmental factors.

If you combine various textures in the design elements of the porch, you will get the effect of surprise and originality. For example, a gradual transition pavement from clinker tiles to a staircase made of bricks is achieved by selecting the same color palette, for materials of different appearance.

Furniture - Enough important element porch decor. Try to choose it based on the main style of the room. Any materials can be used to make furniture: glass, wood, metal, rattan, etc. It is possible to use the method of manufacturing an independent piece of fittings. Its presence on the porch will make it more colorful and original.

Elements such as lanterns, live plants, trees, flowerpots, decorative birds, bells - can make the interior of the porch more hospitable. Do not be afraid to combine dissimilar shapes, textures, elements, sometimes this can lead to completely unexpected results. However, do not overdo it, everything should be in moderation, too much pile of things on the porch or in the veranda will lead to the opposite effect of space congestion. Being in such a room will be a burden. Try to make the atmosphere as easy and relaxed as possible, then the guests will want to return to your house again and again.

Probably everyone knows that the porch in any house must necessarily have functionality, and also harmoniously fit into the exterior of the building itself, because it is considered calling card. There are many different options for how best to implement the construction of a porch for a private house. All this directly depends on your taste, the chosen material and the total budget. With all this, we can easily say that building a strong and durable porch with your own hands is quite realistic.

The porch itself to the house consists of a completely open area, often with a staircase in front of the entrance to the inside of the house. It can be absolutely any shape, optionally with a canopy and even without, as well as made of different materials.

In principle, the entire structure of the porch to the house can be divided into three types:

1. Attached;

2. Built-in;

3. Simple.

How are they different?

Simple - this is a regular platform along with steps and always a canopy. During the assembly of this type of porch with your own hands, the most difficult thing is to fill the foundation, since it is necessary even for a simple wooden porch construction.

A do-it-yourself built-in porch is initially designed in conjunction with the house, so it is being built capitally.

The attached type does not have any external differences with the built-in type, the only thing is that it is slightly modified and slightly rebuilt. The advantage is that such a do-it-yourself porch can be easily attached with a slight alteration.

Remember! For any porch, a foundation is required, it is he who prevents the slightest deformation of the steps during seasonal temperature changes.

Building a foundation for all types of porch

The most important thing is that the main foundation of the porch to the house should be similar to the foundation of the house. If this is not the case, then during the sedimentation of the soil, winter frosts, your structure is simply deformed. It is also possible that during the settlement of the soil, your structure will move towards the house and then the foundation of the porch will suffer first of all, since it is less massive. To remedy this situation, minor repairs will not be enough and you will have to rebuild everything.

Since the glazed porch is not intended for habitation, and there is no huge furniture there, it is possible to use an ordinary concrete pad, which will be the foundation itself.

However, when choosing concrete, any brick (white, red) or facing stone, the foundation must be reinforced. The fact is that this design has a much greater load on the foundation itself than a wooden porch to the house.

To arrange the foundation for the porch with your own hands, you must begin directly with the markup. To begin with, determine a rectangular area of ​​​​the desired size, the main thing is not to forget that the porch itself must fit in here. Then, piles should be driven into each corner of the rectangle and then, along the contour, begin to dig a pit. Its depth should be no less than the main foundation.

Advice! You don't need to lay the foundation very deep. Of course, the load during the displacement of the foundation will become a little less, but it is simply impossible to avoid them completely, with the slightest subsidence of the soil or sudden changes in temperature.

If you decide to install a visor above the porch, then you will need to install supports, but the rectangle for the pit should be increased on all sides by another 20-30 cm, and the piles can be driven in after the porch is built.

In order to fulfill our plans, you will need to leave small rectangles of an unexcavated area (approximately 20x20, possibly 30x30 cm) at the points where the support will be installed a little later. Then it is necessary to drill wells at each site, install the support well, drive it in as much as possible and be sure to carefully fill it with concrete.

AT this case formwork is very well suited, although if the soil is rocky, then in principle it is possible without it. To make it, you can use absolutely everything - chipboard, wood-laminated board and ordinary boards, which turned out to be superfluous after construction. The main thing to remember is that plywood (laminated board) and chipboard are quite hygroscopic, so during rains, groundwater rises, they will begin to spread quickly, which is why, after the concrete has hardened, it is recommended to remove the formwork.

In no case should you throw away the remaining trimmings of boards, which are coniferous species, because the lumber of this tree has only positive features: after being completely saturated with water, they become much stronger and retain their elasticity.

Advice! If there is a strong deformation in the soil, for example, if your house is located on a slope or on a mountain, then coniferous formwork works as a damper.

The most important and main element in the construction of the foundation of the porch with your own hands is waterproofing. In order to equip it, you need to lay the bottom in the pit with roofing material, and then the entire surface inside the formwork. Reinforcement is carried out using high quality bricks, on which it is necessary to lay a mesh and fix the grate with pre-prepared pieces of reinforcement.

Similarly to this principle, the pit is filled with several layers, which include bricks along with the grid, and then this structure is completely poured with concrete. To avoid the formation of voids, after each filled layer, it should be carefully tamped with a shovel.

Advice! In order to compact the concrete well, it is better to purchase an electric vibrocompactor, if you do not have one, then rent it.

Due to the fact that the concrete dries out for about a week, you will need to immediately level the surface of the foundation and be sure to cover it with roofing material with an overlap of about 50-60 cm from each edge, you can also take a regular building film. They will help protect the surface layer from any rain, as a large number of water can make it quite brittle in the future, and then your foundation will simply be damaged.

If necessary, you can cut the top into finished timber, then the piles will be at the same level. But try to calculate the height of the supports taking into account the front door, so the height difference should be about 5 cm. The logs are attached using self-tapping screws or dowels - it depends on the material of your wall.

Porch to the house with their own hands. Projects. A photo

Often, traditional materials are used for construction:

- wood;

- white, red brick;

- facing stone;

- metal;

- high-quality concrete.

Do-it-yourself wooden porch

How to make a wooden porch with your own hands? Today it is the most common building material. This is due to the fact that the tree is quite simple to manufacture and therefore building a porch from it with your own hands is quite easy and fast. To do this, it is enough just to have circular saw(you can use the most common one, but it must be with the smallest teeth - this will help a lot in cutting accuracy), a special construction square and skillful hands.

Larch has long been considered the ideal material, followed by spruce and other conifers. Each of them is very durable and quite easy to process. The most interesting thing is that at the end of the impregnation, the material that is made from them is practically in no way inferior to oak or some other species that are several times harder.

Important to remember! To work with solid elements you need a good skill, the right tools and most importantly - specific knowledge in this area. For example, the quality of drying oak material can only be determined by an experienced carpenter.

First of all, you will need to make a kosour (kosour). Since it is not very practical to make a porch to a wooden house with your own hands less than 120 cm wide, you will need at least three beams. It is best if the distance between them is about half a meter, so it will be much easier for you.

This approach will help provide your porch with strength, and most importantly, the durability of a self-made structure, regardless of how often they use the stairs and with what weight load.

You need to know! The kosour is called the carrier beam, in which the teeth are cut, it is she who plays an important role inside the support. It is advisable to lay the steps only on the horizontal edges of these same teeth.

The bowstring (it is also called an inclined beam) must necessarily be several times thicker than the kosour itself. They connect with cross beams. At the end, the required number of braids is fixed between them.

You will definitely need a square to cut out the ribs and make even steps. The void between the teeth, even if it is 5-6 mm, will quickly provide the steps with a slight subsidence on one side and swelling on the other. Sudden changes in temperature will greatly increase the difference in the levels of the steps.

It is customary to make the width of the steps according to the size of the foot of an adult, but it is better to take it with a margin, it is about 40 cm somewhere. The height between each step (riser) does not need to be more than 20 cm.

It should be remembered that the number of steps must necessarily be odd and for this one additional edge should be provided. With four steps or more, you will need to make a railing for the porch to the house.

With a glazed porch and a securely covered staircase from moisture, you can do without an overhang of steps. However, if the staircase is outside, then an overhang is simply necessary, since thanks to it, water will drip onto the lower step, and not between them into the riser.

Advice! The finished staircase should be installed according to a special principle so that the plane of the steps is slightly inclined (about 1-2 cm). This will help the water run down instead of pooling and forming ice.

The design is installed directly on a pre-prepared site, which is the foundation. To make your porch to the house as strong as possible, you should install the stairs exactly in the place in the foundation where the lower beam was previously laid along with the stringers. Also, with the help of it, you can push a small depression if the concrete is not completely frozen. Thus, you will get a fairly strong stop.

For flooring in the upper platform, you can take the material that was used for the stairs. In this case, there is only one requirement: it is recommended to use the widest and longest boards that are available, and make the joints as accurate as possible. When the boards are as close as possible to each other, you can not be afraid of deformation, even if the whole tree begins to dry out over time.

It will take about 3 to 7 days of work to equip a wooden porch with your own hands. It all depends on the size of your site, on the stairs and of course on the skills of working directly with the tree, but a beginner can handle it all. The most important thing is to divide the work into stages and do everything one by one, adhering to the recommendations and instructions.

metal porch

How to make a metal porch? The porch, which is made of metal, has a very big plus - it is mounted in about a few hours, if you know how to use electric welding in your work. Besides, metal structure will cost several times cheaper if you do not buy forged elements. However, there are also disadvantages - you will have to assemble a standard porch with your own hands, and therefore it will not look very beautiful and original, unlike others. If you want to do beautiful porch with your own hands, you can buy Forged Products, but they will need to wait up to 4 weeks (it all depends on the volume of your order).

Do not be upset if the budget is limited, because even a primitive metal staircase can be made very imposing and beautiful, the main thing for this is desire and imagination. For the lightest option, channels, corners and necessarily filling material are used. They can be: porcelain stoneware, wood or chipboard.

For an ordinary metal porch, two channels of the same length will definitely be needed. They are attached parallel to each other at a distance that is equal to the size of the steps. After that, mark the corners and cut them to the same length as the steps, but at the same time adding a few centimeters along the edges to apply the weld.

In the same way, small pieces are cut off from the corners and these two segments are welded with the letter “G” (the edge-frame must be cut). The number of such details should equal the number of steps on your porch. Then they are closely welded to the channel, and as a result you get a high-quality metal oblique. Similarly to this principle, another oblique angle is made using the second channel.

After all these actions, the resulting elements must be connected in pairs from the side where the corners are cut to fit the width of the future staircase. This creates the contour of the steps, and the corner under the riser should turn upside down (thus creating a side).

Your staircase is almost ready. Now it all depends on your taste. The wooden step attached in any way to the resulting frame will look most beautiful. Even if you do not have much experience in working with welding, it will generally take 2-3 hours to assemble such a porch with your own hands.

Concrete porch

How to make a concrete porch? This option is considered a continuation of the laid foundation, but only with the reinforcement of all steps. This is done so that after a couple of months chips do not form due to constant heavy loads. Due to the fact that it is customary to cover a concrete porch with a special facing tile, the gradually collapsing concrete immediately forms chips and then cracks in the cladding itself.

On a pre-prepared foundation, you can assemble the formwork, which will be the bottom step. In this case, it should be borne in mind that the height of the step, due to the weight load, must necessarily be 2 cm more than the rest. Next, a similar procedure is carried out, as in the construction of a reinforced foundation for the porch. The only difference is that in this case there is no need to spare the reinforcement.

Advice! The resulting gap between the two foundations is recommended to be closed with mineral wool. This method will create a good expansion joint.

Formwork for steps can be prepared in advance - this will save time. However, it is much more reliable and easier to pour concrete into each step in turn, and even better if, before pouring a new step, the solution of the previous one will have time to set.

In the end, it is necessary to level the already completely frozen structure, and then cover it with any tile intended for a metal porch or stone.

The time spent on work directly depends on the use of full formwork, as well as on the formation of each step in turn or all at once. On average, you will need a week to work if you do everything at once, or a week for each step for the concrete to completely set.

Porch made of brick or stone

How to make a porch out of brick or stone? This is probably the most difficult version of the porch. This is because it is much easier to work with a brick foundation where you don't need precision than it is to lay out the stone as evenly as possible.

Bricks should only be laid if there are several assistants who will thoroughly mix the concrete all this time. With a stone, everything is much more complicated, because the chipped edges cannot be matched perfectly to each other. In general, if there is at least some experience in this activity and at least two people to help, then this type of porch should be abandoned immediately, otherwise you will simply waste your time and all the material.

It will be much easier to make a concrete staircase, and then match it with a step material that will be of a similar size. After that, they should be laid in one layer on the "frame" of concrete, which is pre-aligned. This method has a huge advantage, since, having made a mistake, you can easily chip off the lining of the desired area and re-finish.

Visor construction

The visor is primarily the protection of the platform and steps from various natural precipitation, as well as the ability to independently decorate the porch with your own hands in the house or in the country, beautifully and for a short time. Often it is made of durable metal pipes, for the frame itself they use coniferous trees or, in extreme cases, metal, but for sheathing they take any wood or plexiglass.

Canopies made of wood will need to be touched up at least 2 times a year or treated instead by special means, otherwise it will begin to gradually dry out, and then split longitudinally. When using plexiglass, it is better to make spans between them of about 0.7 m2. It is strongly not recommended to use glass, as it can easily crack in winter during snow or due to frame deformation.

The total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe visor must necessarily be half a meter larger than the porch itself, otherwise it will not be able to fulfill its main function - protection.

The simplest and most fast option is to make something similar to a metal ladder. Then the distance between each step can be made approximately 0.5 m. In this case, you will no longer need L-shaped elements and a channel, because the load on the visor itself will be many times less and only the corners in the outer frame will be enough. But filling with wood or porcelain stoneware can easily be replaced with any other material.

When pouring the foundation, during the formation of the foundation, piles are necessarily installed, and it is precisely on them that a visor should be laid. In addition, it will help in the future to completely glaze the veranda in just a couple of days, if there is a desire.

For coating, it is better to take a metal sheet along with tiles, but it will be much more effective and beautiful if you use plexiglass and polycarbonate.

Advice! To avoid rust on a worn metal sheet, you can easily paint it with paint in several layers.

Be sure to make the visor pitched, and in the place where the lower edge will be, carefully weld a metal gutter with a slight slope. Fasten an ordinary chain at the very end, which will reach the ground and thus, water will not splash during rain. Due to the fact that water has excellent viscosity and easy fluidity, it will slowly flow down this chain. If you want to somehow get rid of the appearance of puddles near the porch, make drainage.

How to glaze a porch yourself

The most common option is a closed porch. In this case, the concrete and stone foundation, together with the visor and the stairs, is very popular, while it is necessarily attached to piles.

With the help of corners, which must match the height of the piles in the visor, a frame is formed. They are well welded to the piles, and then double frames made of wood with glass are inserted.

Advice! A glass sheet can be absolutely any height, however, the width should not be more than 120 cm, because the windage of this glass is high and even a light wind can severely damage it.

If the void between the piles turned out to be more than one meter, then break them with pseudo-piles. To do this, at the top and bottom, to the end of the piles, a corner is welded with a step inward, and then between them - a double angle, which will form pseudo-piles. Similarly, you need to divide the height, which forms a horizontal beam from several double corners. This will significantly reduce the load on the glass, and the design itself will look light and beautiful.

The most common mistakes that are made during the construction of the porch

1. Building a porch with your own hands using low-quality concrete (below grade 200). This concrete itself is quite friable, which is why it will be difficult to complete the cladding, since other mixtures have much higher strength after complete drying. In this case, temperature changes can seriously damage the lining. The foundation itself, which will subsequently remain open, will begin to collapse in the summer, and brick steps will collapse even faster.

2. Lack of good waterproofing. If waterproofing is not done in a timely manner in the porch to the house, this will lead to a huge accumulation of moisture below, as a result of which, during frosts, the structure will begin to gradually collapse. The steps will suffer the most, since it is they who get wet in the very first place.

3. Leveling of steps and plastering was done only a few days after the completion of concreting. If there is a long break in time, then all layers will cease to hold without additional gaps in the structure itself, or at best they will, but very weakly. Do not forget that the place where the plaster adheres together with the screeds is considered the most vulnerable.

4. The foundation was erected without reinforcement in the base. If you do not have fittings, then the porch to the house will simply be divided into two separate parts at the slightest subsidence. This would be impossible to repair.

5. Do-it-yourself porch was attached to the foundation of the house itself without special expansion joints. You can securely attach the porch only if the house with the porch has a joint foundation. If this is not done, then a sedimentary crack will appear right at the border of the two foundations. To avoid this, the seam of the facing brick or tile should be placed at one border, and the gaps should be filled with silicone sealant and in no case with grout.

So, you do not need any specific skills for building a porch with your own hands. Each operation is considered basic in construction and therefore everything is within the power of even a beginner with skillful hands.

Porch to the house with their own hands. Video

The porch of a country house is most often built of metal, wood or concrete. The choice of a particular material depends mainly on the architectural features of the building itself. For each of the varieties of street stairs, there are construction technologies.

They will be discussed in this article. You will learn not only how to properly make a porch to a house from one material or another, but also how to tie it to the foundation of the house and what its own foundation should be.

The choice of material for the porch

The choice of material for the porch to the house mainly depends on what its walls are built from. So, at the facade of a wooden building, it is best to build a structure of boards and timber. to concrete or brick house a concrete or metal structure can be attached. Tiles, bricks, wood or even plastic are often used for decoration:

Porches made of wood for a country house

Porches made of wood have a number of undeniable advantages. They are beautiful and practically do not require additional finishing. Such designs are somewhat cheaper than other varieties.

Construction of a porch to the house. Photo of an aesthetic and not difficult to manufacture design

Wooden street stairs are usually attached only to a chopped or cobbled building or to a bathhouse. But there are exceptions to every rule. The simplicity of the design of such stairs makes them extremely popular and often a carved or ordinary wooden porch can also be seen near concrete or brick houses.

A wooden staircase can be attached, including to a concrete house

Is it worth making a porch out of concrete?

Concrete porch options can be filled. They are also built from blocks. Such a design can be made at the entrance to the concrete or brick building. The main advantage concrete stairs durability is considered. How to fill the porch with your own hands and how to make it from blocks will be discussed below.

Concrete marches look very beautiful and at the same time solid and solid

Metal constructions

Do-it-yourself metal porch at the dacha It is best to make it from a corner or a profiled pipe.

On a note: Very beautiful designs are obtained from galvanized material. However, making them at home is hardly possible. In order to make such a ladder you need considerable experience in working with welding machine. Therefore, at the entrances to private houses, you can often see painted metal structures made of ordinary steel.

It is better to make the steps of street stairs made of metal wooden. In some cases, they are made of metal.

Using wooden steps, you can build a very beautiful metal porch.

You can build a porch in a country house or in a country house using different technologies. The choice of a specific one depends on what material will be used for its manufacture:

Assembling a wooden outdoor staircase

First, consider how to make a porch with your own hands to a wooden house. To build even the simplest wooden porch so that it turns out to be reliable can only be done by drafting a project. In this case, the calculation of the stairs should be performed taking into account the following factors:

1. The angle of inclination of a comfortable march varies from 27 to 45 degrees;
2. The width of the step should be approximately 30cm, height 17cm;
3. The height of the railing should not be less than 90cm.

How to build a porch with your own hands. Drawings of comfortable outdoor stairs

To make a simple wooden ladder, you will need to prepare the following materials:

1. Edged board for steps and stringers;
2. Beam at least 80*80mm. From it it will be possible to make porch supports;
3. Board 3cm for a bowstring or stringer;
4. Beam 50 * 50mm in order to make a railing and a canopy frame;
5. Board 2cm for sheathing the visor.

They continue to build a wooden porch with their own hands by installing supports. To make them durable, it is worth treating their ends with automotive oil. Under them, in the ground at a distance from the wall equal to the width of the upper platform, they dig holes about half a meter deep.

A durable porch can only be built with reliable supports.

At the next stage, the upper platform is knocked together. Next, you will need to make strings or bowstrings. At one end of the kosour, they are attached to the upper platform, and at the other they rest on a concrete pad. Then proceed to stuffing the treads and risers.

Wooden porch with their own hands. Photo of the process of installing steps on stringers

Advice: When building a wooden staircase of a private house, it is better to fix the steps not on self-tapping screws, but on bolts with nuts. Weak fasteners from a constant load in the future simply simply loosen up.

So, we have examined how to build a wooden porch with our own hands in stages. However, without a railing and a canopy, the design will be unfinished. Balusters are mounted on metal studs. Next, the handrail is attached to the bolts. After that, you need to make a visor, sheathing wooden frame boards.

Making reliable railings with your own hands when building a porch is not so difficult.

How to build a welded metal porch

Now let's figure out how to build a porch to a metal house. The technology of erecting such structures is slightly different from the method of assembling wooden ones. Install supports from a pipe, angle or from a profile of at least 50 * 50mm. Next, you need to make the frame of the upper platform. The bowstring should be made from a channel or corner.

A porch to a metal house can be made using a welding machine

During the construction of the porch, the steps are welded from the corner in the form of frames, to which the racks are welded along the height of the riser. Further, the resulting elements are welded to the bowstrings, to their upper edge. Then the edged board is screwed to the corner.

Since metal is a material that does not tolerate moisture, a canopy must be made. You can equip a porch with your own hands made of metal, for example, with a visor made of profiled sheet. In this case, the frame should be made of a steel corner.

The construction of a metal porch involves the mandatory installation of a visor

If you like arched, domed or curved canopies, polycarbonate can be used instead of a metal profile. You can make a curved frame yourself using a pipe bender. Polycarbonate sheets are attached to it with self-tapping screws with thermal washers.

From polycarbonate you can make a visor of a very interesting shape

Important: Holes for fasteners should be slightly larger in diameter than their rods. The self-tapping screws themselves do not tighten too much when installing the sheet, since polycarbonate sheets expand with increasing temperature.

How to build a concrete march

A concrete porch should be attached to the stone building. With your own hands, you can make it filler or block.

Monolithic porch. How to build

When building a porch from monolithic concrete, formwork is used. Its form depends on the chosen form of the march itself. It is easiest to make it from the board, and it is a multi-tiered structure (by the number of steps). All steps must be reinforced. The concrete mixture is made from cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1 * 4 * 4.

To build a concrete porch, you need to make a multi-tiered formwork

On a note: A semicircular, round or oval concrete porch looks very nice. In this case, during construction, the formwork can be made of tin or plastic.

See below how you can build a porch with your own hands (video):

How to build a block porch

In order to make a neat porch of a country house from blocks or from foam blocks, marking should be done. Next is the foundation. The ladder is laid out with dressing of the seams. After construction, a block structure, just like a monolithic one, must be tiled or boarded. In this case, you will get not only a solid, but also a beautiful porch.

The porch can also be built from concrete blocks.

Approximately according to the same technology, a do-it-yourself porch is made of brick or stone.

How to tie a ladder to a house

In the event that the porch country house is arranged in the process of its construction, it is poured simultaneously with the foundation of the building.

Important: At the same time, the foundation of the street staircase is laid to the same depth as the foundation of the house itself.

It is best to build a porch at the same time as the building itself

However, more often the march is tied to the building after it has been erected. In this case, you should follow the rules for attaching the porch to the basement, which will be discussed below.

Concrete stairs. How to build a reliable

When attaching the porch of a private house with your own hands, it is worth remembering that heavy structures are not recommended to be fixed rigidly to the foundation and plinth. In this case, roofing material or polyethylene is laid between the march and the house. It can also be plywood or boards impregnated with bitumen. The fact is that an extension is usually made to a house that has already shrunk. A heavy concrete or brick staircase will definitely sit down.

Iron and wood deck

In the event that you make a porch with your own hands from wood or metal, you can attach it directly to the plinth. At the same time, bars or a metal corner are nailed to the wall during construction. A wooden frame or an iron frame of the upper platform is attached to them with one edge.

You can build a metal porch by attaching it directly to the house

What can be the foundation of the porch

How to properly attach a porch to the house with your own hands, we hope now you understand. Only one question remained unconsidered, namely, what should be its foundation. Under the street stairs, you can make a base of different types.

concrete pad

Under light wooden and metal stairs during their construction, a small concrete cushion is usually arranged. Next, let's see how to fill in such a support. They do not lay it on the entire width of the porch, but only under the first step of the march. Thus, it serves as a support for stringers or bowstrings. Its installation is carried out as follows:

1. In the place where the ends of the stringers will subsequently be located, a square pit is dug out to the width of the porch. Its depth depends on the weight of the structure of the outdoor ladder and is usually 30-40 cm;
2. Formwork from boards is installed in the pit. Further, sand or gravel is poured on its bottom with a layer of 10 cm;

Do-it-yourself porch. Photo of the process of arranging a concrete cushion for a march

1. After that, the bottom is poured with a three-centimeter layer of cement mortar;
2. A reinforcing cage is installed on the resulting support, which can be made from a 12mm bar;
3. Next, the formwork is filled with concrete mix. At the same time, four parts of sand and the same amount of crushed stone are taken for one part of cement grade 300-400.

Advice: In order to remove possible voids in the solution, you need to pierce it with a rod, shovel or wooden stake in several places.

1. At the last stage, the surface of the filled pillow is carefully leveled. In this case, it will be possible to build the most stable porch.

If a wooden or metal staircase has a very wide or long flight, it is worth building a thicker pillow. At the same time, wooden or concrete pillars of the upper platform must have a thickening at the very bottom.

A concrete pad under the porch can have enough big sizes. You can build it, including the number and steps

Column foundation under the porch to the house

Sometimes wooden ladders are simply supported on poles during construction. At the same time, in addition to the supports of the upper platform, two more wooden posts are dug into the ground under the march (instead of a concrete cushion). In the same way, you can make supports for bowstrings. metal stairs from pipe sections. Such a foundation is cheaper than a pillow and its construction is simpler, but at the same time it is less reliable.

You can build a porch with different types pillars

Strip foundation

The porch device is technologically rather complicated if it is built into the veranda. In this case, most often during construction, a strip foundation is completely poured under the entire structure.

Do-it-yourself porch. Photo of a foundation pit for a strip foundation

This event consists of several stages:

1. After the markup is made, a trench is dug around the perimeter of the veranda;
2. Sand is poured on its bottom;
3. Further, formwork is installed along the edges, which can be made from a board;
4. Then, bars 5 cm thick (reinforcement supports) are laid at the bottom of the trench;
5. The armature is knitted from a 12mm rod;
6. After it is installed in the formwork, the latter is poured with a concrete mixture of the same composition as for a simple concrete pad;
7. Formwork can be removed a day after pouring.

How to build a porch. Filling the strip foundation

Important: The veranda and the march itself are erected no earlier than two weeks after the foundation is laid.

How to build a slab foundation

Let's see how to make slab foundation under the street stairs. This type of foundation is arranged under heavy structures - concrete and brick. It is a monolithic slab under the entire area of ​​the stairs. It is poured in about the same way as a pillow. The depth of laying depends on the depth of the foundation of the building. Usually it is 50-70cm.

The slab foundation under the porch is not very difficult to make.

On a note: The thickness of the sand or gravel layer according to SNiP must be at least 10 cm.

So, now you know how to build a porch with your own hands. Depending on its type, different methods can be applied. Under light street stairs, you can make the foundation cheaper and simpler. Heavy structures require more reliable foundations.