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The better to dilute the paint pf 115

Surely, many have encountered a problem when the paint, after a long sludge, turns into a thick paste, as in the photo, which is simply impossible to work with. In this case, you need to add a solvent, but which one to choose? After all, there are a lot of them on the shelves of stores, and the instructions for use are replete with incomprehensible abbreviations and numbers.

In this article, we will try not only to answer the question of how to dilute pf 115 paint, but also to figure out why there are so many solvents and some of them turn off the paint, while others dissolve it. After all, it is one thing to simply remember what is being diluted with what, and quite another to understand why this happens.

Solvent types

There is no universal solvent that would suit any paint. Here, as in medicine, the rule of dissolution of like with like applies. Each type of paint has a certain base and it is with it that the reagents must come into contact.

Conventionally, all solvents can be divided into three groups:

1. Oil.
2. Organic.
3. Chemical.

Petroleum solvents include:

• Petrol.
• Solvent.
• White Spirit.
• Orthoxylol.

They are most often used for oil paints and varnishes.

Organic solvents:

• Acetone.
• Xylene.

They are used to dilute most types of paints and rarely conflict with the main paint component.

Chemical solvents most often have a digital marking indicating their fat content:

Important! The higher the number, the fatter the solvent and the longer the paint will dry.

Chemical solvents are used to dissolve nitro enamels and varnishes on the same basis. But let's move on to the main issue of our article, namely, how to dilute the paint.

Paints and their solvents

So, what are solvents for, and in what cases it is necessary to use them:

1. If the paint has thickened and is difficult to apply with a brush or roller.
2. When the paint has dried and turned into a monolith, then it must be filled with a solvent and left closed for several days.
3. If the spray gun (see Choosing a spray gun for painting) does not pick up the paint and spits it out.
4. When the coating needs to be given additional qualities, which will be discussed below.
5. If the paint rolls off the surface and does not contact the substrate.
6. Solvents are also used to degrease the surface before painting.

Serebryanka

How to dilute silver for painting?

Aluminum powder, or in the common people - silver, is sold in two forms:

1. Powder to be dissolved.
2. Ready mix.

The basis for this paint is drying oil, which is made from vegetable oil with the addition of additives. It is the additives that make this material durable and at the same time completely harmless when dried.

But even ready-to-use silverfish can be very thick, and white spirit or organic xylene is used to dilute it.

bituminous paints

How to dilute rubber paint, or rather bituminous enamel:

• Rubber, like bitumen, is a product of petroleum refining, which means that any form of petroleum solvents is suitable for such paints.
• If you try to add any chemical solvent to the mastic, you can observe the coagulation process when the paint begins to thicken and break up into components.

Important! Most often, bituminous paints are used for anti-corrosion protection and are applied in a thick form. It is necessary to dilute such paint only when it has turned into a monolith.

Acrylic

How to dilute water-based paint?

The answer to this question lies in the name itself - it acts as a solvent plain water. This is what makes acrylic paint so popular, it has no chemical ingredients, which means it is completely safe and environmentally friendly.

• Another name for this paint is water dispersion. Some unscrupulous manufacturers often play with these names, passing off exactly the same composition as different brands paints.
• Therefore, the questions of how to dilute water-based paint and how to dilute water-dispersion paint have one answer - with water and only water.

Advice! Before diluting the water-based paint, make sure that there are no impurities in the water, as they can completely change the color of the dye. This is especially true of technical water, which often contains elements of rust.

Oil paints

What can be used to dilute oil-based enamel paint? The main type of solvent for PF enamel is White spirit, but any other oil-based ones are also suitable.

It should be noted that modern PF paints contain many additional additives that increase the service life of the coating and improve adhesion. In this regard, enamels are quite amenable to dilution with chemical solvents, but they must be mixed very carefully and in small quantities.

An interesting fact is that depending on how the PF enamel is diluted, its qualitative characteristics change significantly. To understand all the interaction processes, we present a small table.

Nitro paint

How to dilute nitro-based metallic paint?

All paints that have the word "nitro" or the abbreviation NC in the name are chemical, and, therefore, dissolve with identical solvents.

Enamel NC has several characteristic features that distinguish it from other types of paints:

1. Dries quickly even at low temperatures.
2. Creates a thin film on the surface.
3. Depending on the fat content of the solvent, you can adjust the gloss and gloss of the paint.
4. The price of nitro paints in cans is lower than on PF enamel.

In addition, nitro paints are available in several types:

• Banks.
• Aerosol cans.
• permanent markers.

This diversity is very convenient, because fast drying paint does not allow you to keep the jar open for a long time.

Important! When painting with your own hands from a spray can, you must first shake it up for several minutes. Otherwise, you can release all the pressure from it, while the paint remains unused.

And you can learn more about the process of working with spray paint by watching the video in this article.

Facade paints

How to dilute facade paint?

It is very difficult to answer this question unambiguously, since facade paints are a generalized name, and they can consist of different components:

• Acrylic.
• Silicone.
• Polymer.
• Silicate, or liquid glass.

As a rule, each type of facade paint has its own solvent, which interacts with the active substance and improves the final quality of the coating. Therefore, in order not to spoil the paint, you need to carefully read the instructions for use, which are on each bank.

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Many, if not most home craftsmen, are familiar with this situation: they opened a jar, and the paint in it was thickened. It doesn't matter - you can always dissolve it.

Basic rules for diluting paints

The most important rule is that like dissolves like. Agree, it is silly to use acetone to dilute oil paint and expect that the dissolved paint will be of a uniform consistency and without curdled clots.

Therefore, first of all, carefully study the label on the can of paint and understand its composition. At worst, find out at least the type of paint in the can.

Diluting the paint, start with a small test amount. Having placed quite a bit of thickened paint in a small bowl, add a little to it, and if, after thorough mixing, it acquires the necessary viscosity without losing its properties, you can safely proceed to dissolve the main volume of paint.

Be careful with the amount of thinner, add it to the paint in small portions.

Remember: you can almost always make liquid paint from thick paint, but thick paint from liquid paint is very problematic.

After thinning the paint, before starting painting works get rid of debris and undissolved elements by straining it through a sieve or a layer of cheesecloth.

Water-dispersion paints

As the name suggests, these paints are made up of water, pigment, and a binder.

Among the family water-dispersion paints, consisting of gouache, watercolor and acrylic, the latter is the most popular and in demand, because after drying it is not afraid of water and precipitation.

Acrylic paints are environmentally friendly, they are suitable for both interior and exterior decorating.

Despite the fact that recently special chemical compositions for dissolving water-dispersion paints, the main agent for diluting water-based paints is clean cold water.

Oil paints

Widely distributed due to their moderate cost. Ideal for (walls, roofs, etc.) due to the fact that they form protective layer preventing the penetration of moisture.

In the production of oil paints, a dye is used and different kinds essential oils.

It is for this reason that when diluting thickened oil paint, it is advisable to use drying oil, oil-resin varnish or white spirit.

enamels

The family of enamels is represented, perhaps, by the widest range among other types of paints. Depending on the brand of paint, a specific type of solvent will be required.

Enamels PF-253 and PF-266 can be diluted with both turpentine and. To dilute the paints PF-115, GF-230, PF-1126 you will need white spirit or turpentine.

Enamels of the Extra brand are best diluted with a solvent, although the use of the already mentioned turpentine or white spirit is allowed. KO-112 and KO-168 are excellently diluted with solvents R-4, R-6 or No. 646, and PF-133 and PF-223 enamels with xylene. To dilute the NTs-132 paint, you will need solvents No. 645 or No. 646.

Despite the apparent strict binding of enamels to certain types of thinners, most solvents are interchangeable. So do not be afraid - experiment, mix and paint.

Good luck to you! May you succeed!

Almost all types of colorants must be diluted before use, mixed with one or another solvent, which facilitates the application process and increases the level of protection of the coating against rust. The proportions of dilution depend on many factors.

Almost all paints need to be diluted with a thinner, but the choice of thinner depends on the paint and many other factors.

First of all, it is necessary to determine the degree of fullness of the paint. This indicator indicates the concentration of the coloring matter (the amount of solvent already present). The higher the degree of fullness, the more you can dilute. It should be noted that the process of painting with highly filled paint is much simpler, the consumption of material is reduced, it fits better, especially when it comes to painting on metal and protecting it from rust. This indicator is ranked by the following designations (from the least diluted to the most filled):

Types of coloring materials

This main factor, which determines which paint thinner can be used.

acrylic enamel

Consists of several components. Before painting, it is mixed with a hardener and diluted with a thinner to the desired consistency. Suitable solvents for her breeding:

• R-12;
• 650 (quite soft, so suitable for many coloring products);

A versatile material, it is used not only for painting surfaces made of various materials but also used as a primer against rust.

• toluene;
• xylene;
• white spirit (it is better to use artistic white spirit, since the usual one may contain impurities that precipitate).

Alkyd enamel can still be primed against rust

It should be noted that there are types of alkyd enamels that do not require dilution, for example, PF-15 and Extra. As an alternative to alkyd, oil-phthalic enamel can be used. By properties, it is similar to PF-115, but it does not have a pungent odor. This species has excellent consumption, bright colours and chemical and weather resistance.

Nitroenamels

Any type of solvent is suitable for this paint option, but it is better to use the one recommended by the manufacturer. When diluting nitro enamels, you can use the 646th (it is also suitable for soil), however, it should be noted that this is a very aggressive type of diluting agent and must be used carefully.

Water based paint

Alcohol or ether. It is important to remember that the water must be distilled, since in ordinary water, even in fresh water, a large number of impurities of a salt nature, which, when the coating dries, can give white coating. Alcohol may not be compatible with the dye, so it is necessary to check on a small amount before diluting the entire volume, if the test paint does not curdle after dilution with alcohol, then the substances are compatible and this thinner can be used.

If, when alcohol is added to the paint, it curls, then this paint is not suitable for dilution with alcohol.

Filler

The filler is soil preparatory material it is no less important to properly dilute than the coating that is supposed to be after it. The main task of the primer is to smooth out surface microroughnesses before painting, which is not only necessary for painting, but also protects against rust in the future.

If the primer film is too thin, then it will not be able to cover all the defects and depressions and a second layer will have to be applied, which leads to additional consumption. If the primer is too thick, its penetrating and rust-protecting ability will decrease, and again it will not be able to fill the unevenness on the surface. The material will begin to flake off and will not be able to spread, as a result of which, which will have to be removed by grinding.

Solvents that can be used for soil:

• solvent;
• xylene;
• a mixture of solvent or xylene with white spirit.

It should be noted that 20% thinner is added to one-component primers, and two-component primers are diluted in the proportions indicated by the manufacturer (2 kg to 1 kg, 3 kg to 1 kg, etc.).

When breeding paintwork materials you need to add thinner in small portions, so as not to make a mistake with the proportions. This will reduce the consumption of both the product itself and the base material.

Insufficient amount of thinner increases paint consumption (kg/m2) and makes the coating uneven. Excess leads to smudges and stains, you have to reapply the enamel, which also increases its consumption.

To further resist rust and protect the surface to be painted, powdered metals can be added to the solution.

The proportion of added metal in powder to the paint thinner per 1 kg is determined individually, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations.

When working with solvents, you must remember the precautions: use gloves and a mask, ventilate the room. If the solvent comes into contact with the skin or eyes, immediately wash these areas with warm water and soap and consult a doctor.

If you decide to paint the car with PF 115 paint, be patient and take a few tools. Remember that you should not apply the substance to the surface without carefully preparing it. In addition, when you open the can, you may find that the paint is too thick - then you will have to dilute it. The choice of solvent must be taken very carefully - the wrong thinner can not only bring no result, but also ruin the paint.

What is PF 115

PF 115 is an alkyd enamel intended for painting various surfaces. One of its advantages is that it can be bought at a regular building materials store for ridiculous money. Many people use it for painting wooden products and plastered walls - so why not spruce up your car with pF 115? The composition of enamel PF 115 includes the following components:

• Alkyd varnish;
• Solvents;
• Coloring pigments;
• Pentaphthalic varnish - a thick solution of resin with vegetable oils, rosin and glycerin.

After the varnish is ready, it is mixed in equal proportions with a solvent - and the finished alkyd enamel PF 115 is obtained.

How PF 115 alkyd enamel differs from acrylic paints

Novice car enthusiasts believe that there is nothing wrong with tidying up the details of the "iron horse" using acrylic paint. Of course, such car enamels are very popular lately, and all thanks to the saturation of colors and high uniformity. In addition, acrylic paint does not need to be varnished, and if it thickens, then it is enough to dilute it cold water. The disadvantages of this enamel are its low covering ability (the paint must be applied in several layers) and high cost. It is much better to use PF 115 alkyd car enamel - it perfectly paints the surface in one layer and has a low price.

Universal enamel

In addition, PF 115 is characterized by high elasticity and long service life. In addition, such enamel reliably protects the surface of the car from corrosion, and even a novice driver knows that rust is the main enemy of the “iron horse”. By the way, if the first signs of corrosion appear on your car, take action immediately. If you do nothing, you risk throwing a huge amount of money on car repairs.

In addition, such alkyd enamel is resistant to temperature changes. Due to our climate, this feature of the substance is extremely relevant. Having painted the PF 115 car, you can be sure that it will not peel off at the first frost.

Due to the fact that PF 115 enamel withstands wet cleaning, you can safely wash your car with conventional chemicals. Of course, it is worth using sparing products - they not only clean the surface of the car with high quality, but also do not leave scratches. After visiting the car wash, the enamel will not peel off, and the vehicle will look just great.

How to paint a car with PF 115 enamel

Painting a car is a very responsible matter, so take it very seriously.

• Preparation for work. First of all, clean the surface of the machine from dust. If you start applying enamel to a dirty car, it will look extremely unpresentable.
• Sanding. After getting rid of road dust and rust, process the car sandpaper. For thorough sanding, fine-grained sandpaper is perfect for you - coarser paper can severely damage the surface of the car. If the coating does not become very smooth, use drying oil.

Stages of car painting

• Primer. After making sure that there are no tubercles and scratches left on the surface of the car, feel free to proceed with the primer. Many motorists choose a primer in sprayers, and not in jars - this way the substance is better applied and more securely fixed. In most cases, one layer of soil is sufficient. Remember that the primer must dry well, so wait ten to fifteen minutes and apply alkyd enamel.
• Dilution of paint. Remember that in no case should you use water, which is diluted with acrylic enamel. It is much more reasonable to use white spirit - this is the solvent used by the manufacturers of PF 115 themselves. Please note that this thinner should be stored in a tightly closed container away from sun rays. Remember that this substance is gasoline, so do not open and pour it near a source of heat or ignition.

How to work with white spirit solvent

Before diluting PF 115 with this substance, put on gloves. In addition, you must be in a well-ventilated area. Some novice car enthusiasts believe that it is possible to paint a car on the street, and then wonder why the enamel lies unevenly. The thing is that the natural level of moisture and weathering do not contribute to painting a car. It is much better to choose a special box for these purposes. Remember that the solvent has a negative effect on the human body.

• If the concentration of white spirit vapor is higher than normal, then you will get a headache and irritation will appear in the eyes.
• Do not allow paint thinner to get into Airways- it can cause pulmonary edema or bronchopneumonia.
• If white spirit enters the stomach, it will corrode it. In addition, after the diluent has been washed out of the stomach, its vapors will remain in the nasal cavity for four to five days.

If you do everything right, then after twenty-four hours the PF 115 enamel will dry completely. Then your car will have a rich color and glossy shine.

Paint thinner is an organic volatile compound that is used to give paint-based materials the desired consistency.

About these compositions and will be discussed in our article.

Peculiarities

Before purchasing a product, you need to find out which solvent is suitable for which paints.

If the material you purchased is not designed to work with a certain type of paintwork material, as a result of mixing them, most likely, an uncontrolled chemical reaction which will ruin your paint.

Solvents are substances that can dissolve enamel coatings. Then they disappear, thereby weakening paintwork. Thinners are compounds that thin the paint and help create a uniform film.

There are universal solvents, the scope of which is almost unlimited. characteristic feature A number of solvents for paints and varnishes are considered to have a pungent odor that cannot be confused with the “aroma” of other materials. In addition, many of them can be attributed to toxic substances, therefore, when working with them, certain safety measures are required.

Types of coatings

Consider the main types of paints and varnishes.

Water-dispersion

• Acrylic paints on water-based emulsion are widely used for interior work. They have high decorative qualities. Despite the fact that water is used as a thinner, after drying, a durable layer appears on the surface. Fresh smudges of paint can be easily removed with a rag soaked in water. If the dye on the brushes has had time to dry, then it can be wetted with a warm solution of soap and water.

as a solvent for acrylic paint gasoline, acetone, white spirit, and also kerosene are used. Its choice will directly depend on the surface to be cleaned.

• latex paint It is applied to a covering of surfaces from various materials. Such a tool forms a strong and dense layer. To obtain the desired viscosity, the paint is diluted with water. After completion of painting work, tools and drops on objects are immediately washed with water.

Dried drops can be removed with toluene or methylbenzene. These elements are included in organic solvents, such as R-4, R 646, 647 and 648. Such products must be used quite carefully to, for example, remove paint drops from the parquet. Here you can choose the most gentle method - soak the stains with water to which kerosene is added.

• Polyvinyl acetate paint applied to plastered, wooden or plasterboard surfaces. Coloring matter It is quite easy to clean with a regular sponge soaked in a solution of warm water and soap. Individual drops are simply removed mechanically with a knife or a special spatula.

Already dried polymer film can be wetted with water and heated with a hair dryer. The softened layer will be removed without effort.

Removed old dirt acetic acid, white spirit, acetone, benzene.

• silicone paint forms a reliable layer that is not afraid of water. Remove fresh stains dry and damp cloth. For dried drops apply mechanical means. Old contaminants are cleaned with hydrocarbon-based solvents or ether and ester components. Such chemical fluids should be used with caution on plastic surfaces.

Oil-alkyd

• Oil paint- the most affordable type among these products. Fresh drops are wiped off with a rag soaked in an oil paint thinner. White spirit, turpentine, kerosene, refined gasoline (nefras), butanol or ammonia are excellent for these purposes. Since the paint forms quite durable coating, then old contaminants are removed with difficulty. As solvents for old paints, you can use the numbered compositions P 647, 651.

• Alkyd paint is able to penetrate deeply into the surface structure, due to which a strong, resistant layer is formed. Drops of GF enamels are easily removed with turpentine or white spirit; PF - xylene, solvent or gasoline, as well as their mixture 1: 1; KO - R-4, R-6, solvents N 646, 649, 650. For old pollution, you can use special means- washes. When working with them, you should be careful, as their effect may not be limited to the paint itself. The active substance can also dissolve all the original layers of primer or putty.

Nitroenamels

Nitro paint is used for painting various surfaces, primarily metal structures. The best NC paint solvents are the combined compositions N 645, 646, 647, 649, 650. They are used as thinners for thickened enamel, as well as for degreasing surfaces, removing paint residues from building tools. Contaminants can be cleaned with a rag soaked in acetone, ethyl acetate and other similar products of the group of ethers and esters.

Epoxy materials

Epoxy paint has a number of advantages. However, its excellent strength and resistance to many chemicals has another side - a well-dried material is almost impossible to remove. Remove fresh stains as soon as possible with a dry and clean cloth.

If the spots were not noticed in time, then it is worth applying mechanical way. If the drops are large, you can use the numbered composition R-5, R-14, R-40, R-83.

For painting work on the metal surface hammer paint is often used, for which solvents such as xylene (orthoxylene) or solvent are used. The composition of polyurethane varnishes includes a solution of a polyurethane oligomer in a mixture of organic solvents.

In order to choose the right solvent for polyurethane varnishes, it should be remembered that it should contain acetates and should not contain nitrocom components, alcohols and gasolines. In order to dilute polyurethane varnish to the desired viscosity, as a rule, R-4, R-4 A solvents are used.

Solvent product types

Now let's talk about the characteristics of the main solvents.

For oil paints and varnishes

• Petrol. It is considered the simplest and most common solvent that can be used for this group of products. Gasoline is used as a solvent for oil paints and alkyd enamels, as well as varnishes and fillers. Less commonly, it is used to dilute pentaphthalic enamels.
• Turpentine. It is used as a solvent for oil and alkyd styrene enamels and paints. It is used to prepare many varnishes based on copal, rosin, and also dammar.
• White Spirit. This solvent is used to dilute most well-known paints, varnishes and other products (for example, it is an excellent thinner for PF-115 enamel). It is also used to dilute the primer or drying oil, bituminous material, putties, washing hands after using paints and enamels. Also used for surface degreasing.

For glyptal stains and bituminous varnishes

• Solvent- This is a mixture that consists of aromatic carbohydrates, in which there is a certain content of naphthenes, as well as paraffins and other cyclic carbohydrates. Solvent is used as a substance for dissolving oils and bitumens, most types of rubbers and oligomers. It is used as a diluent for polyesteramides and other paints and varnishes that may contain small amounts of melamine alkyd substances.

Solvents for perchlorovinyl coatings

• Acetone. Used as a solvent for natural resins and oils, diacetate and other substances such as cellulose and polystyrene, epoxy resin and copolymer, chlorinated rubber and so on. Suitable for use with NTs 132 enamel, XV brand, etc.
• Acetone is contained in other mixed solvents, which are referred to as P-4 and P-4 A, as well as 646-468 and P5 (A). These are numbered abbreviations of solvents that are indexed in this way. They are produced both for dissolving paints and for other household needs (suitable for dissolving a metallic paint base).
• Solvent 646. It is very effective and useful chemical product. Helps to dilute nitro-enamels, nitro-varnishes and epoxy compounds, other paints and varnishes.