Body language when a person is lying. Interesting facts about how we

Good afternoon, dear readers! Today I will not tell you anything useful. And this is a lie. We meet lies at work, at home, at school, with friends. It is unpleasant and disgusting to be deceived. I bring to your attention detailed instructions on how to recognize a lie: 10 mistakes of a liar.

A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it

How many times in your life have you come across a person who seemed strange to you, you felt that he was not saying something, disingenuous. Have you noticed that you subconsciously do not trust his facial expressions, gestures, speech?

But how to identify deception and not fall for the bait of a liar?

If you want to become an expert in this field, then be sure to read Paul Ekman "Psychology of lies" and Pamela Meyer "How to recognize a lie".

Now we will consider the most common signs by which you can bring a liar to clean water. Remember that a lot depends on the context, not always a certain gesture will mean a lie. Be careful and vigilant.

Mistake #1 "Left Side"

Body language often speaks much louder than human speech. Right-handers tend to have good control over the right side of their body. Track the direction of the right arm and leg. You can easily subjugate an unbridled hand.

Therefore, experts in lie detection advise to look closely at the left side of a person. His left hand will dangle randomly, gesticulate actively, touch his face, and so on.

The left side of our body shows our real emotions, experiences and feelings. With quality observation, you can clearly see the signs of a lie.

Mistake No. 2 "Hands to face"

Pay close attention to the gestures of your interlocutor. Signs of lying - cover your mouth, rub your nose, hold your neck or scratch your neck, cover your ear, speak through your teeth. All this, with repeated repetition, will practically scream that a person is deceiving.

It is important here not to confuse such a gesture with a simple scratching of the bite, for example. Or this behavior may be characteristic of your interlocutor.

I have a friend who constantly scratches his nose. It doesn't matter if he's telling the truth or lying. Women resort to touching their neck or hair to show their interest in a man. So with such signals, be extremely careful.

Mistake #3 "Speech"

If you want to be convinced of the deceit of a person, then carefully follow his speech. In a conversation with a liar, you will notice a lot of understatement, a crumpled pace of speech, then he speaks quickly, then slowly. Most often, a liar's speech begins slowly, but then, due to fear of being discovered, he speeds up and may even end his story abruptly.

Liars often use a lot of pauses in their story. This gives them time to think, evaluate your reaction. In addition, you will notice fluctuations in speech. To make it easier for themselves, liars repeat your own words. For example, when you ask a question, he will quickly repeat the last words. "Where were you last week?" “Last week I was…”

Mistake #4 "Eyes"

No wonder they say that the eyes are the mirror of the soul. In the case of meeting a liar, the eyes will be one of the main factors by which you can bring him to clean water. Deceivers try not to look directly at their interlocutor, all the time looking away.

You can even ask to retell the story to you, looking into the eyes. The liar will be confused, embarrassed and will still try to look away.

Mistake #5 “Emotions”

Facial expressions, as a component of body language, say a lot of what a person would like to keep silent about. The most common example is when a person tells you that he is glad to see you, but smiles only a moment later.

True emotions are expressed in parallel with speech. But a fictitious emotion is displayed on the face with a delay.

Mistake #6 "Brevity"

When a liar comes up with his speech, he tries to make it as short and concise as possible. You rarely hear a detailed and extended story from the lips of a professional liar.

Brevity allows you to quickly lay out your version and evaluate the opponent's reaction. Did he believe? But then the seventh miss happens.

Mistake #7 “Unnecessary Details”

When a person briefly told you the essence of his fake story, but begins to doubt your credulity, he immediately embellishes the story with detailed, unnecessary, sometimes pretentious details. In this way, he tries to make his story more believable.

Pay attention to which points the person starts to add details and details. Are they needed in the story, are they necessary and important in your conversation.

Mistake #8 "Protection"

Another liar's move is to defend against your doubts. As soon as you express your disbelief, you will immediately hear “Do you think I look like a liar? Am I lying to you? You do not believe me?" etc.

Liars may use sarcasm and jokes to cover up their lies. Do not confuse with normal human behavior.

There are comrades who are always trying to impress the interlocutor with their sense of humor.
In addition, sarcasm and rudeness between husband and wife can mean that they have serious respect issues.

Mistake #9 "Mindfulness"

The deceiver will watch your reaction very carefully. He will attribute the slightest change in your facial expressions to distrust or his complete victory. As soon as you frown slightly, he immediately changes tactics, because he considers this a sign of distrust.

The person who tells the truth will be more interested in their story than in your reaction to it. And the liar will try to understand whether you swallowed his bait or not.

Mistake #10 "Confusion"

If you ask your interlocutor to tell the story backwards, then the person who is telling the truth will easily do this trick. But the liar will start to get confused, remember what he told you, and in the end, he may not give any answer at all.

In addition, in the speeches of a liar there may be inconsistencies in dates, times, places. If you follow the story closely, you can find a couple of similar moments,

Summarize

Don't jump to conclusions. If you notice one or two of the signs described above, this will not always mean that the person is lying to you. A more correct approach would be to learn to see the totality of these signs.

When you know for sure that a person is lying to you, do not talk about it right away. Practice your ability to observe. Study his facial expressions and gestures. Ask questions that don't have the intended answer.

One of my friends came up with a spectacular maneuver. During his speech, he deliberately sneezed loudly when he wanted to convince the interlocutor that he was right. And with the words “I sneezed, it means I’m telling the truth,” he smiled solemnly.

All the best to you!

All parents try to teach their children to tell the truth.

Both folk wisdom, embodied in sayings, proverbs and fairy tales, and Christian morality teach us from childhood that a lie is bad.

At the same time, all children at a certain age learn to lie in order to avoid punishment, ridicule and unpleasant situations.

If a child grows up in a family that adheres to a soft parenting style, he will lie rarely and rather ineptly. But in a family with an authoritarian parenting style, children (especially teenagers) learn to lie simply masterfully.

And they continue to use this skill into adulthood. Sometimes in such cases, knowing the truth is critical, and if you do not know how to recognize a lie, psychology can suggest the answer to this question.

Types of untruth

In adults, outright lies are less common than in adolescents and children - most people prefer not to tell the whole truth or remain silent in response. But it's just a more convenient option for hiding the truth.

A person cannot lie at all - too often the truth contradicts generally accepted ethics, politeness and even morality (how many will answer the question of a not very pretty acquaintance “how do I look?” with utmost honesty?). Statistics say that each person, on average, lies about 4 times a day.

Sometimes this is a completely harmless deception - we do not want to escalate the situation, so when asked why this view is dull, we answer "everything is in order." In a couple of minutes, our emotions will subside and everything will really be in order.

But not every lie is harmless - in the vast majority of cases, even a small lie in relationships between people can give rise to big problems. Building a good relationship on deceit is very problematic, so it is important for women to know how to recognize a man's lies.

Research has shown:

• That socially active people have to lie more often.
• Extroverts are more prone to cheating than introverts.
• Women tend to lie about everyday issues (the cost of things, etc.), and men about what concerns relationships (for example, a well-meaning man can lie, claiming that everything suits him, but dissatisfaction will still break through with time outside and will be an unpleasant surprise for the couple).

How to know that you are lying?

Some people are able to notice lies due to life experience and innate observation. But the ability to detect lies is a skill, not a special talent.

Therefore, absolutely every person, thanks to a proven methodology and painstaking work, can learn to recognize a lie. For example, you can learn how to recognize lies in the eyes.

A liar can be given out:

• Frequent pauses in conversation, unreasonable change in intonation, use of repetitions and interjections.
• Direction of gaze and frequency of eye contact with the interlocutor.
• Inconsistent work of facial muscles (asymmetry).
• Inconsistency in words and facial expressions.
• Rapid change of emotions.
• Specific smile (lips form an oblong line, as they are slightly pulled back from the teeth).
• Active use of gestures.

When building a lie detection system, you need to take into account the individual characteristics of the “suspect”. So, a shy and timid person, even speaking sincerely, can go off topic, repeat himself and speak with a tremor in his voice, and a cold-blooded and self-confident person can lie in an even, impassive tone without the slightest hitch.

How to identify deception in the eyes of the interlocutor

Probably, many people remember how in childhood their parents demanded during a conversation: “Look into my eyes!” Indeed, the eyes are like a “mirror of the soul”, they can tell us a lot.

The conducted studies have shown that:

• When communicating, a sincere person looks into the interlocutor's eyes for about 70% of the time of communication, and a liar - no more than 30%. An experienced liar will try to look you in the eyes all the time, which is also unnatural for ordinary communicative interaction.
• Lying is usually accompanied by a gleam in the eyes and dilation of the pupils due to the experience of the liar.
• The lying person will look down a little (if you imagine the clock face, this zone will correspond to the interval between 16 and 18 hours). The lies of men and women differ in character, therefore, mostly lying men “admire” the sex. A lying woman may well look at the ceiling (the zone from 9.30 to 11 hours, which is responsible for figurative memory).

In addition, stress affects blink rate, so a person who is lying will blink frequently during a conversation. Since lies are often accompanied by certain gestures, it is important to know how to recognize lies from facial expressions and gestures.

Liar gestures

During a conversation, it is first important to pay attention to the person’s posture - crossed legs or arms indicate a desire to close, and constant fidgeting indicates that the topic of conversation is stressing the interlocutor. When trying to keep silent about something, the palms are closed whenever possible.

Lying may be accompanied by touching the nose, throat, or mouth area, rubbing hands, picking objects, biting lips, or trying to smoke. All these actions subconsciously distract the interlocutor from the dialogue.

In addition, a lie is evidenced by the inconsistency of gestures with the pace of speech. At the same time, it is important to compare the usual behavior of this person with the behavior that aroused suspicion, since all people have their own characteristics.

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Since there is no specific facial expression or tone of voice that can unambiguously identify a lie, a lie can only be recognized systematically.

Despite the fact that lies are found everywhere in life, there is a list of gestures that help to recognize them. This, in turn, is used to reveal the truth, and to find out the main nuances of the case that the person wanted to hide.

The easiest way to recognize a person who is telling a lie is video. It perfectly visible facial expressions, which are characteristic of a liar.

• When telling information that is a lie in advance, a person constantly experiences excitement. It is easily caught in the sound of a voice, a running glance, a sharp change in movements. When a lie is announced, a person abruptly begins to involuntarily change intonation. There is a sharp acceleration in the voice or, conversely, a smooth slowdown in the conversation and stretching.
• If a person is very worried about the information that he conveys, the voice of the interlocutor will tremble. At the same time, changes in combination with other signs affect the timbre and volume of the voice, hoarseness appears, or a person pronounces words in high notes.
• Another sign by which it is easy to determine that they are lying to you is the appearance of a shifty glance. Such behavior is interpreted as a natural sign of a manifestation of insincerity of a person. True, if you are interviewing a candidate or caught people in an awkward situation, then a shifty look means shyness and even a kind of anxiety. If this happens when discussing a personal issue, the reliability of the information provided by people should still be checked and treated with doubt. This behavior is primarily associated with a state of shame, as it becomes embarrassing for the uttered lie.
• Experts in the civil service easily determine whether a person is lying or not by his smile. When people reproduce false information, a smile may involuntarily appear on their faces. There are also cheerful people for whom such a demeanor is the norm, but for the rest, an inappropriate smile expresses a lie in relation to the question asked. This is explained by the fact that, thanks to a slight smile, a person manages to internally hide his excitement and pronounce a lie much more believably.

Mimicry that indicates a lie

In addition to external excitement and a shifty look, you can determine a lie with the help of signs on the face. If you take a close look at the interlocutor, then pay attention to the microtension along the contour of the facial muscles. On this occasion, they say about a lying person that “a shadow ran across his face”. Such tension on the face lasts literally 1-2 seconds. Experts note that the manifestation of instant tension in the facial muscles is an accurate indicator of insincerity.

Of the other indicators in the facial expressions of a lie that recognize lies, is the appearance of an involuntary reaction on the skin and other parts of the face of the interlocutor. Here we mean a change in the color shade of the skin (the interlocutor will turn red or turn pale), the pupils dilate, the lips tremble, and both eyes blink frequently. However, the change in color and facial expressions do not end with the factors for determining lies. Gestures are of great importance for determining that the interlocutor uttered a lie.

What human gestures cannot be trusted

American researchers conducted a large number of experiments, during which they were able to identify those gestures that indicate a lie. The main ones are:

• involuntary touching of the face with a hand;
• covering the mouth with hands;
• constant rubbing or any other touching of the nose;
• gestures in the eye area (rubbing, touching the eyelids);
• periodic pulling of the collar of a shirt or sweater.

By gestures, you will understand at which point in the conversation they will lie to you. In principle, a person can show both lies and his uncertainty with gestures. In this case, an example is a regular interview. When announcing duties, a person is often simply not sure that he will fulfill all the duties assigned to him. However, in other cases, involuntary gestures should be trusted and clarified what the person is hiding from you.

One of the main points is the understanding that gestures and facial expressions should be trusted only if their manifestations are systemic. To put it simply, gestures will never become a specific criterion for determining lies. For a full assessment, experts record a person on video and compare facial expressions and gestures.

How to stimulate the expression of facial expressions and gestures during a lie

If the interlocutor introduced himself as a calm person and it is impossible to read on his face whether he is trying to lie or not, you need to bring the interlocutor out of balance.

• First of all, this is easy to do with the help of leading questions. At the same time, questions should be asked in such a way that in the case of an honest person, he did not recognize the trick, but on the contrary, the liar had the feeling that he was caught, and you already know all the information.
• During a conversation, ask the interlocutor for advice for a friend who finds himself in an awkward situation in which the person opposite is suspected. If you have a sincere interlocutor in front of you, then he will give advice, as he thinks, and it will not be possible to recognize changes in gestures and facial expressions on him. If the interlocutor decided to deceive, he will begin to awkwardly joke and get nervous.
• In addition, another technique is to tell a person that you can and masterfully master the tools for recognizing lies by gestures and facial expressions. Then the person will be afraid of being exposed, and will show exactly the signs of a liar - he will periodically look to the sides, fiddle with his tie or collar, erect obstacles from objects on the table between you.

How to recognize a lie

To recognize whether the interlocutor actually lied or not, the following reaction will help you:

• Change in expression of emotions and slowing down of reaction. Speech can start incoherently and end abruptly.
• There is little time between the spoken words and the accompanying emotion. A person who speaks to you in a sincere tone immediately shows an emotional coloring along with the spoken words.
• If the expression on the face of the interlocutor does not agree with what has just been said, he is lying.
• In the case when, when expressing emotions on a person’s face, only a slight smile appears or only facial muscles are involved, it means that he is hiding something from you.
• When a person tells a lie, he seems to be physically trying to "shrink". This is accompanied by an attempt to take up as little space as possible in the chair, with one movement to press your hands to yourself and take an uncomfortable position for sitting.
• The interlocutor avoids meeting your eyes.
• Constantly touches or scratches their ears, eyes, or nose.
• Periodically turns away from you, while tilting both his head and the entire body. This symbolizes an unpleasant course of conversation for the interlocutor on a given topic.
• When talking, he unconsciously places objects between himself and you: a napkin, a vase, wine glasses, a chair. Thus, a person creates a kind of "protective barrier" around him.
• During the answer to the specified question, he uses only those words that he heard from the question itself.
• Gives much more detail and answers the question far more extensively than is generally required. Thus, he tries to better mask the thoughtful lie with other facts that supposedly will divert the interlocutor's attention.

Knowing the list of changes in the behavior and facial expressions of people indicated in the article, you can accurately determine whether they are telling you a lie or not.

Very often at my trainings “The Art of Selling” I give my students the following task: “All communication can be conditionally divided into three components: “what we say”, “how we say” and “how we hold on”. How much do you think the percentage is for each component, if together they make up 100%? With this task, I want to show the degree of significance of non-verbal communication, communication without words. In my example, this is “how we speak” - the voice and its characteristics (tempo, timbre, pitch, volume, etc.) and “how we hold ourselves” - gestures, facial expressions, postures, gait. In percentage terms, “how we talk” and “how we carry ourselves” make up 93%, i.e. the lion's share of the entire communication process.

Understanding the importance of non-verbal communication becomes especially important when it is necessary to recognize lies. There are no recipes for instant recognition of deception. It is currently established that the specific signs of information distortion are specific to each person - no indicator of information distortion is reliable for all people. However, deception can still be recognized.

When a person deceives, his behavior, against his will, changes. Moreover, it changes not only at the external level, but also at the internal physiological level, which makes it possible to evaluate the lie detector widely used in the West.

It is possible to single out the main channels through which information about fraud is leaked.

1. Voice signs of deception

pauses may be too long or too frequent.

hesitation before the start of a remark, especially when answering a question, should arouse suspicion, as well as short pauses in speech if they are repeated. The need to think about every word before you say it - to weigh alternatives, to look for words or thoughts, manifests itself in pauses. When answering unexpected questions, the reaction of a person is very important: if he does not have the true information, then, as a rule, he pauses, collecting his thoughts and choosing the most successful answer. Such a pause is in itself a signal to redouble vigilance.

You should also pay attention to: too quick answers to questions, involuntary changes in intonation, tempo and timbre of speech, the appearance of trembling in the voice.

2. Mimicry

2.1. The main signs of deception by facial expressions

Signs that suggest that this facial expression is feigned:

1. asymmetry. The same feelings are expressed on both sides of the face, but stronger on one side than on the other. This refers to the synchronicity of the facial muscles. Mismatch is a sure sign that a person, in fact, does not experience a feeling, but only demonstrates it.
2. Temporary characteristics. Expressions lasting more than ten seconds are undoubtedly, and about five seconds more likely, are false. Most sincere expressions change much faster. With the exception of the highest intensity of passions, such as ecstasy, violent rage, or deep depression, genuine feelings are mostly short-lived, and their manifestations last no more than a few seconds. The long held facial expression is most likely an emblem or a mockery.
3. Localization relative to speech. If the expression of emotion after the words is late, then it is likely that it is false. Sincerity involuntarily manifests itself in the harmonious unity of the gesture and intonation of the voice, which the film director S. Eisenstein called "sound gesture".

2.2. Smile

There are two reasons why a smile may appear when deceitful. The first is stress relief. Smiling is a universal mechanism for relieving tension in the nervous system. This is precisely what determines its presence in newborn babies, which young mothers and fathers sincerely rejoice at, considering this as the beginning of communication, for the first greeting. The mechanism of relieving tension with a smile is preserved in adulthood. An example of this can be such manifestations as a “stupid smile” of a person during the reporting of tragic news. Since cheating is a situation that raises the level of tension, a smile can appear here. The second reason why a smile can manifest itself in a situation of lies is the desire to cover up, hide one's true emotions in this way, replacing them with the most socially acceptable - joy.

However, it has been found that when lying and telling the truth, people smile equally often. But people smile differently. Experts identify more than 50 types of smiles. When recognizing deception, the following types are important. The interlocutor’s elongated smile (the lips are slightly pulled back from the upper and lower teeth, forming an elongated lip line, and the smile itself does not seem deep) indicates external acceptance, official courtesy of the other person, but not sincere participation in communication and readiness to provide assistance.

2.3. Eyes

In normal contact, when people tell each other the truth, eyes meet about 2/3 of the time. If a person is insincere or hides something, then his eyes will meet the eyes of the interlocutor for less than 1/3 of the entire time of interaction. At the same time, he will try to look away, look at the ceiling, down, etc. In the case of questions related to information hidden or artificially constructed by him, the very first restless expression or averting his eyes may indicate a certain confusion, the desire of a liar to quickly find any plausible answer.

3. Conclusion

When communicating with a potential deceiver, you do not need to rely on only one sign of deception, there must be several of them. Facial expressions should be accompanied by appropriate intonations, words and gestures. Even if one considers only the face, one should not judge by individual manifestations if they are not repeated or, even better, are not confirmed by other expressions.

The absence of signs of deception in non-verbal behavior is not proof of the truth. Some liars don't make any mistakes at all. But the presence of signs of deceit does not yet indicate a lie; some people feel uncomfortable or guilty even when they are telling the truth. Watch for changes in human behavior. Be aware of the inherent individual characteristics of behavior.

© S. Pushkareva, 2009
© Published with the kind permission of the author

It so happened that man is a social being. And for a normal existence, he, almost like air, needs communication. And not only superficial, non-binding, but also normal, friendly, with full-fledged emotions. Of course, under such conditions, falsehood and lies are unacceptable. Lies are sometimes very difficult to recognize, and for this psychologists distinguish a special area - signs of lies by gestures and facial expressions. What is it and what is the use of it, will be discussed further.

How is the expression of a lie manifested

It should be remembered that a lie for a person in a normal state is unnatural. In order to pronounce words containing false statements, it is required to make a certain effort on oneself. Professionals easily identify these signs, amateurs will need to try a little.

Psychologists advise to carefully look at the interlocutor, as well as listen to how he speaks. And track:

• change in the pace of speech, the appearance of pauses, a sudden change in timbre (decrease or increase);
• fast moving gaze ("running"), the person looks to the side, and not directly into the eyes;
• an inappropriate smile;
• microspasm of facial muscles (it is almost impossible to notice if you are not used to it).

Some experts, in addition to these main features, also distinguish additional ones. These are: a sudden change in the color of the skin of the face (blanching or redness), nervous tics (not previously manifested), twitching of the lips, and others. To compile a complete psychological portrait, you should take into account some "tips" on how to recognize a lie by facial expressions. This is the subconscious desire of a liar to cover his mouth with his hand, touching his lips, eyes, rubbing the tip of his nose, pulling back the collar of a shirt or sweater.

Important. Sometimes the examples given by themselves mean little, perhaps the person is just stressed or unwell, but in combination, when there are enough of them, they allow you to accurately recognize a lie.

How to recognize facial expressions of lies

Not only the manifestations of human reactions are important, interpreted as an attempt to hide something, but also the circumstances under which it manifests itself. The behavior of a liar is best seen on video: the technique is difficult to deceive, moreover, any trained specialist will restore the true picture of events using the recorded material. It happens that individual movements indicate the uncertainty of the opponent (for example, at an interview, when the employer decides whether the candidate will cope with the vacancy offered to him or not).

Recognizing the real motives can be done with the help of direct or repeated questions: in the end, the interlocutor will be forced to make some kind of decision and choose one of two options: confess to a lie or continue to tell a lie.

1. Try to stir up the interlocutor, make him open up, throw off the mask. An honest and sincere person, when unbalanced, will repeat the same thing that he said before, and a liar, for sure, at least for a minute, will lose self-control and give himself away.
2. A simple technique called “advice for a friend” works quite effectively: the subject is told a legend about a friend who is in a delicate situation, and then he is asked for advice on exactly how the friend should act. People who have nothing to hide will give a clear and precise answer (in fact, at such moments the interlocutor “tryes on” the problem for himself and tells how he would have acted). Liars will react exactly the opposite: from evasions and refusals (they say, I don’t even know what to advise you) to fantastic stories and whole cars of false information. And, of course, they will completely betray themselves with fine motor skills of their hands, body movements, and facial expressions.
3. A slightly scam, but effective method is based on a bluff and knowledge of human psychology: the interviewee is announced that a polygraph test will be conducted (or an interview in the presence of a professional facial recognition specialist). And here the most interesting begins. Honest people react unequivocally and predictably, with a high probability their non-verbal reactions will not tell anything special. Another thing is those who have something to hide. They will certainly begin to get nervous, rub their hands, loosen their tie, sharp changes in the pace and intonations of speech are possible, and similar manifestations of deceit.

Examples

There are a lot of ways to recognize a lie by. Most often, experts recommend developing observation skills in order to catch the moment when exactly a person begins to tell a lie. Characteristic features of this are uncontrolled "failures" between speech and speed: for example, the interlocutor talks about some personal experiences, while his gaze is directed to the side. The answers sound out of place (as if the person is somewhere far away and does not understand the meaning of what he is being asked).

At least the fact that the interlocutor is not interested in the conversation will be indicated by shifty eyes, a slight wandering smile on the lips and a tense posture. If at the same time you ask a direct question regarding the purpose of the meeting, then by the nature of the answer you can judge the interest of the interlocutor.

An unintelligible remark that does not correspond to the situation clearly indicates that the conversation was not successful, most of it was ignored, thinking about their own or preparing some suitable lie. The turn of the head (or the whole body) to the side, as if in an effort to fence off, move away, speaks of the unpleasant course of negotiations for the counterpart, his unwillingness to participate in them.

Considerable importance is attached to visual contact: when a person avoids making eye contact at a meeting, he is clearly hiding something. Or he is by nature a person insincere, closed, poorly making contact. A special place is occupied by the tactics of building "protective barriers" - this is when, during a conversation, a barrier is constructed from improvised objects: armchairs, stacks of books, vases or glasses of water are placed.

Attention. In a global sense, the reluctance to "make contact" is expressed in the creation of any barriers to visual contact - it does not matter whether the conversation takes place in the office or in a relaxed atmosphere (in a cafe).

Try to unobtrusively rearrange the napkin holder that has fallen into the line of sight. If the interviewer puts the hindrance back in place, know that he is trying to hide something from you. A control indicator of hidden intentions and the desire to lie will be any sharp changes in the manifestation of emotions, lethargy.

Sudden stops of speech, illogical pauses, abrupt completion of a sentence in a semi-phrase are always alarming. The fact is that in a normal situation, the time gap between verbal communication and an emotionally confirming reaction is minimal. If a person tries to deceive you, everything will be exactly the opposite: a complete inconsistency between non-verbal manifestations and voice, intonation, timbre.

Facial expressions, lies and new technologies

Lawyers, investigators, bank employees, customs officers and other representatives of specific professions who need it by the nature of their activities are learning how to determine lies by facial expressions and gestures. In rare cases, a person is naturally endowed with this ability, but there are very few such people - about 50 out of 20 thousand.

Experts call the instantaneous reactions of the facial muscles of the face microexpressions - they last only a few seconds, it is very difficult for an unprepared person to track them. An expert on such reactions, Paul Ekman, developed a universal "formula" for lying: an upturned (wrinkled) nose, a compressed and raised upper lip. In the course of the experiment that he set up, most of the test subjects showed themselves that way.

Ekman, together with David Matsumoto, was developing computer-based facial recognition of liars (METT). In the future, both specialists continued their research separately.

Important. Mimic reactions are subconscious, uncontrollable. They have no direct connection with a person's thoughts and actions. Sometimes this manifestation is associated with some kind of transferred event or shock.

Therefore, as an explanation, psychologists give a small example. Show the other person a photo of your dog, which you love very much, and pay attention to his reaction. Expressed aloud admiration and the ensuing grimace of disgust does not necessarily mean that you are communicating with a hypocrite. It is likely that some not very pleasant memories are connected with dogs. Therefore, a complete conclusion about the intentions of a person can only be made by evaluating all his reactions to your words, and not on the basis of individual ones.