Shed with a flat roof. Building a flat roof house

If earlier flat roofs were made only on urban high-rise buildings and were associated with constant leaks, today the situation has changed radically. These structures are used not only during the construction of multi-storey buildings, but also in the construction of prestigious private houses according to exclusive projects. Such changes have become possible due to the emergence of completely new building materials and technologies.

Flat roofs - one of the many types of roofing, has both positive and negative sides. The advantages of such roofs include the following characteristics.

1. Saving building materials and speed of construction. The effect is achieved due to physical savings - the area of ​​\u200b\u200ba flat roof is much less than a gable roof. In addition, for this design there is no need to make a complex truss system with various girders, props, crossbars, mauerlats, etc. A small number of roof elements makes it possible to build flat roofs on your own without involving expensive professional specialists.
   True, for this you should have the initial skills of performing roofing work, understand modern technologies and materials. Otherwise, attempts to reduce the estimated cost of the structure can lead to large additional costs for unplanned repairs. And not only the roof itself, but also the interior of buildings.

   

2. The ability to use the roof as exploited. On flat roofs, winter gardens, recreation areas, flower beds, small sports grounds, etc. can be equipped. But in these cases, the roofs have a very complex structure and require a professional approach to all construction work.

   

3. Flat roofs facilitate installation and periodic maintenance various engineering equipment: air conditioning and ventilation systems, solar panels, antennas, etc.

   

Unfortunately, such architectural structures also have disadvantages.

We have listed the real advantages and disadvantages, each developer should carefully analyze them before making a final decision.

Varieties of flat roofs in private houses

Thanks to new materials and technologies, designers have been able to create several types of flat roofs with unique performance characteristics.

Important. The cost of flat roofs varies widely, some options for the price can be several times higher than gable structures.

Roofing pie device

All flat roofs in residential buildings must be insulated, the structures consist of several layers. Each of them performs its function and is critical for the roof.

Base

It can be reinforced concrete or wood.

Professional builders prefer reinforced concrete slabs, but not all houses can use them. Plates are mounted only on brick or concrete facade walls; such elements are not used for wooden or frame buildings.

vapor barrier

Prices for material for vapor barrier

Vapor barrier material

It is used only in two cases: the base of the flat roof is wooden and mineral wool is used as insulation.

But such options are rare, most often the base is made of a concrete slab, and durable extruded polystyrene is used for insulation. Both of these materials are not only not afraid of steam, but also do not react to direct contact with water. Accordingly, when arranging roofs from such materials, vapor protection is not required.

insulation

There are two types of insulation that can be used in the construction of flat roofs.

Heaters can be installed in two ways.

Currently, architects in most cases prefer the second option for flat roof insulation, keep this in mind. But practitioners advise installing heaters from inside the premises. Each builder must make their own decision.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Practical recommendations for arranging a flat roof on a frame house

For example, we will take the option of arranging a flat roof on a wooden frame house. These buildings are very popular with many developers, they are quickly assembled, relatively inexpensive and provide residents with a modern level of comfort.

How to make overlays

For the ceiling, you need to use I-beams, ordinary beams will not work because of very high loads. If the linear dimensions of ordinary beams are significantly increased, then their own weight will play a significant role in calculating the acting forces, and this is highly undesirable for all structural loaded elements.

Important. If the size of the house is large, then it is much more profitable to order short beams and splice them on the spot. Due to this method, the process of transportation and installation of structures is simplified. During the installation of ceiling beams, you need to make a slight slope for the water to drain.

Video - Wooden floor

What to make waterproofing

Prices for PVC membranes for roofing

PVC membrane for roofing

For sealing, it is recommended to use a modern high-quality membrane that has protection from the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays. The membrane thickness is not less than 1.5 mm, the service life of such coatings is more than thirty years. The membranes must retain their original properties at temperatures of -30°C and below. It must be borne in mind that situations may arise when it is necessary to remove snow from the roof in winter, the hydroprotection must withstand mechanical stress and not be damaged.

How to install a funnel for receiving water

The diameter of the funnel must correspond to the area of ​​​​the roof and the maximum debit of water. The data are available in comparative tables and are attached to the instructions for using the elements. If for some reason there is no such instruction, then you should consult with the seller.

The funnel is installed at the lowest point of the roof. The roof plane is divided into several sectors and each has a slight slope towards the drain. To prevent ice from accumulating in the funnel in winter, it is recommended to connect an electric heating system. Heating functions temporarily and only during the period when the temperature several times a day changes from positive to negative.

How to properly lay a waterproof membrane

The joints are welded with a building dryer and additionally filled with a special two-component adhesive. You should start from the very bottom edge, the width of the overlaps is at least 10 cm. To increase the strength of the fastening, each strip of the membrane is separately fixed with special fasteners, then the wide washers are closed.

Along the perimeter of the parapet, the membrane is also screwed with washers of large diameter, the distance between them is about 20–30 cm.

How to drain water from a roof

Experienced builders do not recommend trying to install external gutters and pipes on flat roofs to drain water to the ground. The best option is to run plastic pipes through the interior. The installation of the system should be done immediately after assembling the frame of the house; during the sheathing of the internal walls, the pipes are hidden. Due to such an installation location, the possibility of freezing is completely excluded, the reliability of the system is significantly increased.

The better to process OSB boards

There are many options, the effectiveness depends not only on the materials used, but also on the professionalism of the master. But practice shows that, under all equal conditions, bituminous mastics have the greatest reliability. Surfaces must be lubricated at least twice, this guarantees the tightness of the coating for a long period of time. Of course, the top membrane must also be of good quality and correctly installed.

The architectural designs of flat roof houses represent a wide range of layouts and areas. One-story and two-level houses of this collection are truly original and unique. The Z500 company is constantly expanding its collection by adding new modern flat roof houses. We wish you to enjoy viewing and choosing projects!

Houses with a flat roof (photos, videos, drawings, draft designs of which can be viewed in this section) resonate with the usual image of a country private house from childhood. They leave an impression of extravagance, audacity and novelty, which is why they are unusual and more and more attractive, which explains the demand for them in 2016. Simple at first glance, hi-tech and constructivism architectural trends, one of the main features of which are flat roofs, cause deceptive impressions. Only high-class architects from a pile of rectangular structures can create a truly harmonious, stylish, elegant new home, endowed with comfortable, energy-efficient qualities and functionality. In this section, we have collected just such projects of residential cottages with a flat roof, which can be purchased at average market prices.

Layout of projects of houses with a flat roof: the convenience of choice

For the convenience of finding private houses, we have placed two filter options on the catalog page.

By selecting certain parameters in the filter (architectural style, site parameters, etc.), you can quickly select projects that best meet your wishes (diagrams and sketches are attached to almost all projects). Filters located above and to the right of the catalog are not related to each other. By choosing on the right, for example, projects of cottages with a flat roof ranging in size from 100 to 150 m2 with an entrance located from the south, you can use the top filter to set the display from the cheapest to the most expensive and reveal the minimum cost of such projects. Then, by setting the selection in width from the minimum in ascending order, you can explore the offers of narrow houses corresponding to the initially selected category. The parameters of the right search form remain unchanged.

Flat Roof House Project Plans: Our Additions

When choosing plans for flat roof houses, we advise you to carefully study our add-ons offered to order along with the main project. They were created by us with the aim of simplifying, accelerating the implementation of the project you like in life and making your home more comfortable.

"" - a popular option that allows you to achieve the maximum compliance of the selected project with the wishes of the customer. Most often, the layout of houses with a flat roof changes.

It cannot be said that houses with a flat roof are so common in our area. Still, we are more accustomed to seeing classic gable or multi-pitched roofs. It is believed that houses with a flat roof look exclusive, even eccentric, and speak of their owner as a great original, a modern person who thinks outside the box.

By and large, "flat roof" is a rather arbitrary name. There should always be a small but mandatory slope. Otherwise, rainwater or water after the snow melts will accumulate on the roof, which, in the end, will lead to serious trouble and repair costs not only for the roof, but also for the interior.

In addition to its direct functions - thermal insulation and protection of the house from atmospheric precipitation - a flat roof can be used as an additional recreational area.

Let's try to figure out how expedient the choice of a flat-roof house project is in our area. To do this, you need to imagine the advantages and disadvantages of this type of roof.

Advantages of a flat roof

• A flat roof allows you to optimize costs. It is smaller in area than any pitched roof. This allows the developer to save significant amounts on materials.
• The simple shape of the roof significantly reduces installation time.
• For the same reasons, the repair and maintenance of a flat roof of an already built building is incomparably easier than in houses with pitched roofs.
• But the most important advantage of flat roof house projects is the additional usable area that the owners of the house can use at their discretion. Some elements of engineering systems, for example, ventilation and air conditioning systems, can be placed on the roof of such a house. And you can install solar panels.
• But most often the space of a flat roof is used as an additional zone of comfortable rest. Here you can equip a solarium or a place for sports. By the way, there are even projects that make it possible to equip a pool. The rooftop garden is very impressive. Modern technologies make it possible to pave the roof with paving stones. And in combination with a lawn and decorative trees, comfortable wicker furniture, a garden gazebo with a fireplace, this place will become the center of a family holiday.

Naturally, like any roofing system, a flat roof has its drawbacks.

• More careful design and installation of the roof will be required, otherwise retribution in the form of expensive repairs to the interior is inevitable.
• You will also have to lay additional costs for the organization of internal drains.
• There are certain inconveniences associated with maintaining a flat roof. Firstly, constant monitoring of the moisture content of the insulation and the tightness of the roof is necessary. Secondly, there is always the possibility of clogging or freezing of internal drains. Thirdly, in snowy winters there is a risk of leaks due to the large accumulation of snow. But this minus can be easily circumvented by installing the Anti-Ice system on the roof. True, this leads to additional costs.

Flat roof house project: is it worth it?

It can be said quite definitely that with careful design study and competent work of builders, it is worth building a house with a flat roof. In the end, you get original housing with additional square meters of usable space and save money on construction work and materials. And the Dom4M company hopes that you will live for many years in a cozy and comfortable house built according to our project.

”was perceived extremely negatively - the legacy of Soviet construction affected, when, due to a violation of technology, poor quality materials and performance of work, flat roofs of high-rise buildings began to leak after a couple of years.

Therefore, in private housing construction, preference was given to pitched or hipped roofs. The situation has changed with the advent of modern technologies and roofing materials, which have made it possible to provide durable and reliable waterproofing of the roof of a house with a flat roof.

Flat roofs: advantages and disadvantages

The main reason for the growth in the popularity of a flat roof was the popularity of modern design trends - project high-tech houses with a flat roof allows you to match the exterior and interior of the building with style features. Another flat roof is often used in modern and minimalism.

However, in addition to a spectacular look and visual appeal, it has a number of other advantages:

• the speed of roof construction - the arrangement of a flat roof takes less time than a pitched (hip) roof, including because of the convenience of working on a horizontal surface

• availability of maintenance - there is no need to install ladders or involve steeplejacks, all work (cleaning drains, controlling ventilation ducts, cleaning leaves, etc.) can be done independently

• obtaining additional space due to the arrangement of an exploited roof

• a flat roof is ideal for the installation and further operation / maintenance of various technological equipment - solar panels, wind turbines, heaters, air conditioners, antennas, water collection systems.

A rather controversial issue is the cost of installing a flat roof. On the one hand, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bsuch a roof is much smaller than that of a pitched one, which means that less roofing materials will be required. And the roofing materials themselves used for flat roofs are cheaper.

But, on the other hand, the use of reinforced concrete floors (in most cases, especially when creating an exploitable roof) creates a significant load that requires strengthening the foundation and load-bearing walls, especially if these are projects two-storey houses with a flat roof. Which, while saving money on a roof device, leads to an overall increase in construction estimates.

The issue of snow accumulating during the winter on a flat roof remains ambiguous. Some experts tend to consider this a positive moment - snow acts as an additional layer of heat insulator, thereby reducing heat loss. Others argue that snow increases the load on the load-bearing elements (and, therefore, this should be provided for in the project), and its subsequent melting can provoke a violation of the tightness and leakage of the roof.

Types of flat roof

Projects of houses and cottages with a flat roof can have different types of roofing:

• exploited - provides for the regular presence of people on the roof or the installation of heavy objects. Such a roof requires a rigid base (most often reinforced concrete), and the heat-insulating material must withstand serious static and dynamic loads, be strong in compression

• non-exploited - does not provide for a large load, so a rigid (concrete) base can be replaced with wooden logs with a crate. To maintain such roofs, special ladders or bridges are used to reduce pressure and evenly distribute it over the entire roof area.

• inversion - the insulation layer is located above the waterproofing layer, thereby providing it with additional protection from temperature extremes, ultraviolet radiation and mechanical stress, the number of freeze / thaw cycles increases. Together, this leads to a significant increase in the life of the roof. Most often, inversion roofs are used as operated ones - you can put furniture on such a roof, walk or break flower beds.

Operated roof: every square centimeter is in action

The ever-increasing cost of modern housing is forcing the most efficient use of all available space, and this will help projects of houses with a flat exploited roof. In fact, if we consider the projects of one-story houses with a flat roof, the owners get an additional “seasonal” floor at their disposal, which makes it possible, for example, to refuse verandas, thereby freeing up additional area on the site.

Decorative flat roof garden

Not as popular as pitched ones.

Most often, their rarity is associated with the peculiarities of the climate in the middle lane: the accumulation of snow on the roof, the formation of puddles during rains.

But the ease of construction of such structures and the provision of decorativeness of the building can serve as a good help when deciding on the choice of roof structure.

Moreover, on such a roof, you can equip additional areas, which, especially in the summer, will be a good place for recreation and pastime.

Like any constructive solution for building elements, direct structures can have positive aspects and disadvantages. In the presence of roof features, it is important to identify those parties that will affect the design decision of just such a roof.

The advantages of a flat roof are:

• Primarily, such a roof performs quite effectively building protection functions from external influences;
• does not require much effort and cost(material, physical) for its construction;
• long service life. A flat system does not require expensive maintenance if all the main and additional roof elements are properly installed;
• the ability to install additional amenities on the roof, up to a swimming pool and a garden and sauna area;
• good thermal insulation performance.

The negative factors of arranging a house with a flat roof include:

• Accumulation of snow or rain puddles on the surface;
• there is a risk of freezing or clogging of the internal drain;
• mechanical cleaning of the outer layer is required from snow and leaves;
• inability to use sheet or piece types;
• it is not possible to check the condition of the roofing pie (in particular, the insulation) however, drain and duct systems are much easier to check.

The absence of an attic floor in the presence of a flat roof structure can be an advantage or disadvantage depending on preference.

Southern house with a flat roof

Types of flat roof

Despite the fact that the construction of a flat roof is quite simple and does not require special skills for its design, these roofs have varieties. Classify them depending on the additional purpose and technical features.

The types of flat systems include:

• Operated. The main requirement for this option is the rigidity of the base, in which an important condition is the preservation of the integrity of the waterproofing layer. The base can be made of concrete screed or. The requirements for provide for the strength of the material and its resistance to static and dynamic loads. The most common exterior coating for flat construction is paving slabs., which is installed on additional stands or sand cushions;
• unexploited. Considering that this type of roof is designed to perform exclusively the functions of protecting the building from external factors, there are no special requirements for the rigidity of the insulation layer or the strength of the base. The arrangement of such a roof is much simpler than an operated structure.;
• classical. When arranging the classic type, a vapor barrier layer is laid on the base in order to protect the insulation (mineral wool or polystyrene) from moisture. Waterproofing is provided with bituminous materials;
• inversion. The structure of the roofing provides for the location of the waterproofing layer below the insulation, which prevents the accumulation of moisture in the insulation. At the same time, temperature drops that destroy the waterproofing are minimal under the insulation.

In order to make a project of a house with a flat roof, it is necessary to think over the coverage option in advance.

Photos of projects of modern one-story country houses with a flat roof below:

Frame house with exploited roof

High-tech house

Two-story unused house

Modular house with an unused roof

inverted roof

Country house with inverted roof

Where to start designing

The purpose of any roof design is the correct choice and calculation of the amount of necessary materials, as well as a clear expression of what load all elements involved in the structure will bear.

A project is a plan. The project plan should show each stage of the work.

The project is most conveniently carried out in a special program, which will help not only to display the future structure, but also to help calculate the dimensions of materials, their load.

Design is done step by step:

• Roof sketch in progress. At this stage, the color, geometric shape of the future roof is approved, with indicators of the dimensions of the roof, the load of materials is calculated taking into account regional atmospheric influences. It should be remembered that snow loads on a flat roof are more significant than on pitched structures;
• the calculation of the cross section of the beams and the lengths of the boards of the truss system is done. It is very important to correctly determine the pitch of the crate, since it is the truss structure that can withstand the entire load;
• a schematic drawing of the roof. At this stage, the location of all additional elements of the roof structure is taken into account.

After completing the drawing of the roof, they begin to draw up an estimate- the cost of materials, structural elements and tools (if necessary) that are required to complete the work on the arrangement of a flat roof.

Do not get carried away with the decorative features of these elements - the most important thing is to pay attention to their functional features.

roof project

Two-story project

Lightweight flat roof

A flat lightweight system is installed in regions with a minimum amount of precipitation.

The construction of a lightweight roof is very similar to the creation of a classic flat roof structure.

However, there is some features of its construction:

• At the stage of installation of the support beams, it should be taken into account that they will hold the entire structure. They must be fixed with through anchors.. The cross section must be calculated taking into account the maximum load of snow;
• the lathing laid on the beams must be continuous, without gaps, more than 2.5 cm thick;
• waterproofing, laid on the crate, overlapped, which is fastened in a hot way. The edges of the film must extend beyond the roofline;
• solid insulation is laid on the waterproofing layer without gaps. Docking points are sealed with mounting foam;
• Further lay OSB boards or waterproof plywood board.

This is what a lightweight system pie looks like. All layers are fastened with anchors and covered with an outer layer of waterproofing.

Lightweight roof

Exploited flat roof

A flat roof that performs additional functions besides protecting the building from cold, wind, snow and rain.

The main advantage of such a roof is the possibility of arranging free space at your discretion: install a recreation area, a terrace, a court, a bathhouse and even a pool.

Such roofs are ideal for both cottages and cottages.

In order for the necessary buildings on the roof to be securely equipped, care must be taken, first of all, about the strength of the foundation.

• thermal insulation;

Flat operated roof



Flat roof terrace



green roof

Conclusion

Thus, there are several options. When constructing a straight structure, special attention should be paid to providing ventilation and creating conditions in the structure to prevent moisture from entering.

The originality of a straight roof may lie in the arrangement of additional areas for recreation on it, and this option should be considered even in the process of creating a project. If everything is correctly calculated and high-quality materials are used, such a design will in no way be inferior to pitched options.

Useful video

In this video you will see one of the projects of a flat roof house:

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