Do-it-yourself installation of flexible tiles. Installation of a soft roof Shinglas: instructions

Recently, the roof shingles gained great popularity among developers. This roofing has an attractive appearance, not inferior in beauty to traditional tiles, long service life and high moisture resistance. Thanks to the self-adhesive layer on the back of the shingle, installation soft roof do-it-yourself can be performed even in the absence of professional experience. In this article we will tell you how to properly prepare the base, assemble the crate and lay flexible tiles.

Flexible tiles are called tiles with a figured edge, made of fiberglass impregnated with modified petroleum bitumen. Laid with an overlap, such a roof imitates a rare, but aesthetic shingle covering made of wooden chocks. Fiberglass, which is part of bituminous tiles, can be plain or reinforced with polyester. The technology for the production of this material includes sprinkling the front side with armoring dressing made of stone or basalt chips, which gives color and a rough texture to the roof. Virtues shingles consider:

1. Durability. The service life of a soft roof based on polyester-reinforced fiberglass is more than 70 years, which fully pays for the cost of installing a roof.
2. Weather resistance. The soft tile maintains influence of atmospheric moisture, ultra-violet rays and other adverse environmental factors, keeping operational qualities.
3. Aesthetics. A variety of shapes and colors of the material opens up great opportunities for creating a harmonious, integral image of the house.
4. Flexibility. Flexible, resilient shingles suitable for roofing complex shape With large quantity slopes, valleys and other decorative elements.

Important! The technology of laying bituminous tiles is distinguished by its simplicity, therefore it can be easily performed even by a non-professional. Do-it-yourself soft roofing is an excellent solution for the roof of a private house, country cottage, gazebo or townhouse.

Features of working with the material

Before you cover the roof with a soft roof, you need to make sure that a reliable foundation has been prepared for work. Also, the technology of installing a soft roof involves the performance of work subject to certain weather conditions. If you do not follow the manufacturer's recommendations, you may encounter the following problems:

• If you lay bituminous tiles at a temperature environment less than 5-10 degrees, then the self-adhesive layer on the back of the tiles does not melt on its own. To melt the bitumen, you have to use a gas burner or a building hair dryer. However, this makes it difficult and slows down the laying of tiles.
• If you lay shingles at temperatures above 25 degrees, the self-adhesive bituminous layer melts too much and flows down the slope. In addition, high temperatures lead to deformation of the roof.
• If you install the roof in wet weather or during rain, the rafter frame and lathing acquire excess moisture, which negatively affects the life of the tile, leading to decay.

Important! The material installation technology recommended by the manufacturers prescribes installation at a temperature of 5-15 degrees in dry weather. Most often, such conditions develop only in the summer. However, in winter period you can assemble the roof truss frame and prepare the base for the flooring roofing.

Lathing installation

Before you make a soft roof, you need to assemble a high-quality, durable crate. The technology of laying bituminous tiles involves the use of a solid base, which gives rigidity and mechanical strength to the soft roofing. The lathing should ensure an even distribution of the weight of the roof between the rafters, so it is created from 3 layers:

1. Control grid. Control grate under soft tiles made of wooden bars 3-4 cm thick. It is attached along the rafter legs of the frame over the waterproofing material. The task of the counter-lattice is to create a ventilation gap between the rafters and the roofing.
2. Sparse crate. This base element for soft tiles is made from edged boards measuring 20x150 mm. The boards are nailed perpendicular to the counter-lattice at a distance of 30-50 cm.
3. Solid crate. It is made of moisture-resistant plywood, OSB sheets or edged boards, laid solid with a gap of 1-3 mm, which compensates for the thermal expansion of the material. To prevent damage to soft tiles, it is necessary to sand or trim the elements of the crate so that they are smooth.

Please note that for the manufacture of lathing for a soft roof, it is correct to use wood dried up to 20 percent conifers. To prevent premature decay of wooden elements, they are treated with antiseptic preparations. If the structure has a high risk of fire, then the crate is impregnated with fire blocking compounds.

Lining carpet

Do-it-yourself soft roofing is laid on a solid crate made of chipboard or moisture-resistant plywood. A lining carpet is laid on top of the base - a lining made of moisture-resistant bituminous material resistant to mechanical damage. The lining carpet protects the roof from leaks, as well as from damage to the shingles by uneven lathing. Coating installation technology recommends:

• With a roof slope of less than 15-18 degrees, lay a lining carpet on the entire surface of the slopes with an overlap of 15-20 cm, since water can linger on it during the melting of large snow masses.
• At an angle of inclination of the slopes of more than 20 degrees, the lining carpet can only be laid in places that are particularly vulnerable to leaks, where water can accumulate or stagnate. Additional waterproofing protects the valleys, the joints of the slopes with vertical surfaces, the ridge.
• Do not use ordinary roofing material as a lining. Low price does not compensate for the poor quality, fragility and short service life of this material.

Experienced craftsmen advise using the material recommended by the manufacturer as a lining carpet, as it is guaranteed to be compatible with the selected shingles.

Laying

Do-it-yourself installation of a soft roof is carried out in dry, calm weather at a temperature of 5-15 degrees. If the material is laid on an old truss frame, then it is necessary to check the condition of the wood, and then replace the rotten or deformed elements. Installation is carried out in the following order:

1. First, the slope is marked with horizontal stripes, marking the location of the rows of soft roofing with white chalk.
2. It is correct to start laying the material from the bottom of the slope, using the starting strip. Fix the roofing with nails or a self-adhesive layer. If the tiles are self-adhesive, then to stick them, it is enough to remove the protective film, and then attach it tightly to the roof base.
3. If nails are used to fix the coating, then they must be placed no closer than 2.5 cm from the edge, and also driven flush with the surface of the material.
4. The second row begins to be laid on the left side of the slope with the help of tiles, from which 143 mm are cut off from the left edge, thus shifting the bituminous tile pattern diagonally.
5. To start the third row from the tile, a fragment 286 mm long is cut off from the left edge in order to also shift the coating pattern in a diagonal direction.
6. After completion, a ridge is formed using a ridge element, junctions with vertical surfaces and valleys.

Note! In order for a roof made of soft tiles to function correctly, it is necessary to equip a ventilation system to avoid the "greenhouse effect" and rotting of the truss frame of the structure.

Video instruction

The installation of flexible tiles consists of several basic rules, which will be described in this section.

Roofing materials

Required materials for roofing:

• lining carpet;
• ordinary tile;
• metal strips;
• bituminous glue;
• valley carpet;
• ridge-cornice tiles;
• roofing nails;
• terminal seals;
• screws.

Instructions for laying shingles

The roof is the protection of the building from water, wind and snow, so you should remember that the roof should be as tight as possible.

Before installing soft tiles, a standard solid roof sheathing is made. Moisture-resistant sheets of plywood or OSB are laid on top of the rafters as tightly as possible, in a continuous layer and evenly, which are fixed with nails. The base for the installation of tiles can be made in two ways:

• either a cut board is taken to work;
• or moisture resistant OSB boards or plywood.

The joints between the elements and the gap between the plates or boards should be no more than 4 mm and the difference in height cannot be more than 2 mm, and the material itself is chosen clean and dry.

Required Tools

Tools that may be needed when installing the roof:

• hammer conventional or pneumatic;
• putty knife;
• roofing knife;
• metal scissors;
• roulette.

Lathing installation

This is a very important part of roofing work, as it guarantees a durable and perfect appearance after laying the plastic material.

How to lay slabs or boards in a crate? Work begins from the bottom up, and the material is laid first in a continuous strip at the lower edge of the roof, and then row by row to the ridge, while maintaining allowable gaps.

On this basis, work with flexible tiles becomes safe, and under the conclusions exhaust systems holes are made and exhaust elements are sealed.

Underlayment carpet laying

How to cover the roof with lining carpet? The lining carpet is used as additional protection against moisture. In addition, under this material, the building can overwinter if weather conditions do not allow covering the roof with flexible tiles.

Laying underlayment is necessary condition for quality installation and tightness of the roof, it can be mounted both horizontally and vertically, with an overlap of 10 cm of sheets on top of each other.

In the case of horizontal laying, it is worth starting it from the bottom up, overlapping, gluing the edges of each strip of the canvas with bituminous glue.

How to lay underlayment? Installation nuances.

• Before you start rolling out the lining carpet, it is worth covering the valleys with it and smearing the edges with bituminous glue.
• Only after covering and fixing the canvas at the valley, it is worth starting laying on a flat surface, cutting off the edges of the canvases and carefully gluing them along the width of the overlap.

After laying, after finishing work with the lining carpet, the roof has the following structure in the section:

• rafters;
• solid crate;
• lining carpet.

Laying eaves

Cornice planks laid over underlayment

How to lay cornice strips correctly?

1. The eaves and ends of the roof are reinforced with cornice strips. This is done so that the material does not deform due to the influence of temperature.
2. Planks are pre-cut and overlapped 5 cm, then nailed or screwed.
3. At the junction, the planks are also fixed with two nails for a more rigid edge of the structure.

Flexible tile laying technology

Before starting work on laying tiles, it is necessary to cover all the valleys with a carpet similar in color to the main color of the shingles. Roofing material must be cut close to the edge of the cornice and glue the edges well.

Cornice tiles are laid on the eaves in an even strip at a distance of 10-20 mm from the edge. It is not necessary to nail this strip because there is a self-adhesive layer on the tape. In cold weather, you can slightly warm the strips with a building hair dryer to restore the viscosity of the adhesive base.

How to lay flexible tiles correctly? Installation of tiles starts from the edge of the roof slope, on top of the cornice tiles.

In order for the first line of tiles to lie perfectly evenly, you can drive into the ends of the roof along small nail and pull the construction thread, thereby maintaining the same distance from the edge along the entire length of the roof, or draw a straight line with chalk for convenience.

It is recommended to print out several packages of ordinary tiles, mix the sheets with each other and nail the ordinary tiles with roofing nails, first removing the protective film, at a distance of 1-2 cm from the edge of the cornice tiles, above the pattern cutout. The protrusions of the next row should overlap the cutouts of the previous row. Cornice tiles are cut into skates and overlapped so that the nails are hidden under the next sheet.

The sequence of laying shingles:

• solid crate;
• lining carpet;
• cornice strips;
• eaves tiles
• ordinary flexible tile;
• skate.

As you can see, knowing the basic rules for laying flexible tiles, it is not difficult to do the installation yourself.

Flexible tile laying. Video

Installation of flexible tiles. Video

$ Installation of flexible tiles. Price

The price of installation of flexible tiles depends on how complete the preliminary work on laying the sheathing, insulating layers, etc. has been carried out. The average installation cost is:

• from 60 to 100 hryvnias in Ukraine;
• from 400 to 700 rubles in Russia.

Roofing materials based on flexible bituminous coatings can serve as an alternative to traditional slate, metal profiles, ceramic tiles. If do-it-yourself flexible tile roofing is installed in accordance with the rules developed by the manufacturers, the aesthetic appeal and reliability of the coating are ensured. How to do the work with your own hands will be discussed in this article.

The main differences between flexible tiles

Flexible tile is a material similar in structure and composition to roofing material. At the base is a fiberglass canvas impregnated with bitumen. The shape of the tile is slabs (shingles) with figured petals along the edge. On the back side there is a sticky layer for gluing to a continuous crate, and fine mineral chips are applied on the front side. Additional fastening with nails is provided. After laying, the coating becomes monolithic as a result of sintering of individual elements under sunbeams.

As a result of the improvement of the latter, flexible tiles acquired the following qualities:

The manufacturer's instructions (which should be read after purchasing the coating) contain basic information on how to properly mount shingles.

For work, you should choose a warm season at a temperature of +5 ° C. Otherwise, the plates will not stick together with the crate and with each other. At low temperatures, shingles become brittle.

If installation must be performed in winter (for partial replacement of the coating), the plates are kept in a warm room for at least a day. After laying, the tiles are heated with a building hair dryer, and the joints are sealed with bituminous mastic.

Do-it-yourself installation of flexible tiles (video on the topic - at the end of the article) is performed for roofing systems with a slope angle of at least 11.3 °. Otherwise, the melting snow slows down and leaks are inevitable. Under such conditions, the service life of the coating is reduced.

Step-by-step description of the installation of shingles

Regardless of the manufacturer, the method of laying shingles is the same for any coating and consists of the following steps.

Preparatory stage for the installation of flexible tiles

1. Preparation of the base. It is necessary to create a continuous crate from edged boards, FSF plywood foxes or OSB boards. It is important to achieve a completely flat and solid surface. Board materials (moisture resistant plywood, OSB) are laid with offset rows to avoid cruciform joints. Between the plates leave a compensation gap of about 3 mm.

2.Ventilation device. It is necessary to provide for the presence of vents - gaps between the counter-lattice and the crate. Between bituminous tiles and insulation, covered with vapor barrier material, there must be space for air circulation. Vents or ridge aerators in the upper area of ​​the roof should provide an outflow of water vapor.

3. Laying an additional waterproofing lining. It is recommended to choose material from the same manufacturer as the shingles. Installation begins at the bottom of each overhang and moves towards the ridge. In this case, the upper strip must be laid with an overlap on the lower one by at least 10 cm. Tightness is ensured by bituminous mastic, which is applied to the junction. In the area of ​​pipes, the waterproofing should extend at least 20 cm onto the vertical surface. The valleys are covered with a continuous strip of insulation. If it is necessary to join two strips, the joint is arranged in the upper part with an overlap of 20 cm.

4. Protection of overhangs and gables. The edges of the roof must be closed with metal strips. They are mounted on top of the waterproofing. Adjacent elements must be installed with an overlap of 50 mm. Fasteners at the junction points should be more frequent - every 2-3 cm. The front bar should overlap the eaves at the junction points.

5. Arrangement of passages for antennas, ventilation pipes. For this, special cornice penetrations and aprons are used, details are cut out of the valley carpet, and protection is cut out of galvanized sheet iron. Docking points are treated with bituminous mastic and silicone sealant.

Important: a solid crate of plywood sheets and OSB boards is attached along the edges of the roof with an interval of 10 cm, at the junction of the boards (on the rafters) - 15 cm and on the intermediate rafter legs - 30 cm.

Laying shingles

In order for the coating to not have to be corrected after installation, a scheme for laying flexible tiles is first prepared. This will allow you to arrange the rows of plates evenly. Marking is carried out with a cord: horizontal lines are applied in 0.8 m increments and vertical lines in 1.0 m increments. It should be borne in mind that the lines should not set a clear shingle laying order, they are necessary to correct the direction of the rows.

The laying of bituminous tiles is carried out in compliance with the following rules.

Tiled packages are selected randomly: this will help to avoid contrasting shades of adjacent elements.

Stepping back 20 mm from the edge of the cornice strip, cornice tiles are laid. Ordinary tiles with pre-cut petals can be used as starting elements. The sticker is made after removing the protective tape from the adhesive layer and treating the rest of the places with mastic.

Eaves shingles are fixed with roofing nails (fastening pitch corresponds to the width of the petal) in four places. For roofing systems with a large slope angle, additional fastenings are required: two more nails are driven into the edge of each sheet.

Laying the next row is carried out with the petals offset so that they overlap the recesses and joints of the shingles of the previous (lower) row.

Important: plastic elements are laid on top of the ridge beam to ensure ventilation of the under-roof space.

Finishing with flexible tiles of difficult areas

Complicated sections of the roof, in addition to passages for antennas, cables and chimneys, can be considered the following:

areas near the end strips;

Methods for sealing the roof in these areas.

Novice roof installers may have questions about how to make manholes on flexible tiles. Manholes are necessary not only for installation, but also for the repair of roofing. There are several options for solving the problem.

At the end of the article - a video tutorial with detailed explanations of a specialist on how to properly lay shingles.

Soft roofing materials are an excellent alternative to traditional slate and sheet metal. Roofs covered with flexible tiles are distinguished by their stylish appearance and high reliability. But you can only get both if you follow the installation technology. Of course, the easiest way is to hire a team of professional roofers, but you can forget about the budget of construction - at best, the work will cost the same amount as building materials. And at the same time, it’s not difficult to save money - it’s enough to do the laying of a soft roof with your own hands. Masters with many years of experience will tell you how to do it right today.

What is a soft roof

Composite, soft or bituminous tiles, shingle roofing, shinglas, roofing tiles - all these are the names of the same building material - flexible tiles. Representing flat sheets of small size (most often 100x34 cm), the shingles have figured cutouts that divide them into several petals. Laying by shifting one row relative to another gives the very effect that makes the roof look like a tiled one.

Due to the fact that soft tiles are available in a variety of shapes and colors, it is easy to choose the most suitable design option.

Today on sale you can find a soft roof covering with petals of any shape - rhombic, triangular, hexagonal, oval, rectangular, in the form of a wave, etc. In addition, there are a considerable number of colors. And yet, despite such diversity, they all have the same multi-layered structure and composition.

The optimal size modern technology and the use of high-quality materials give flexible tiles many advantages compared to other roofing materials:

• ease of installation;
• light weight;
• high sound absorption;
• resistance to high and low temperatures, as well as their sudden changes;
• the ability to cover the roof of the most complex design;
• resistance to ultraviolet and infrared radiation;
• dielectric ability;
• resistance to corrosion and bacteria;
• wide range of colors;
• durability - depending on the manufacturer, the service life of bituminous tiles is from 20 to 50 years;
• efficiency - the amount of waste usually does not exceed 5%;
• maximum water resistance and minimum water absorption - no more than 2%.

In fairness, it should be noted that flexible tiles require additional costs for the arrangement of a solid base, and are also not suitable for roofing works in severe frost. But compared to the long list of advantages, these disadvantages can be neglected.

Roofing cake for shingles

Roofing cake is called a multi-layer structure, which serves as the basis for laying soft tiles. It includes some of the elements truss system, crate, thermal insulation, lining and moisture-proof material - it all depends on how the attic is equipped. There is a roofing cake for warm and cold roof. The destiny of the first is to create a base for bituminous tiles on outbuildings, summer cottages, garages, sheds, etc. If it is necessary to build a roof for a house intended for year-round use, then it should be made warm.

Insulated shingle roof

The main element of the roofing cake for warm roofs is a heater. In many ways, this determines the need for several layers that are needed for its normal functioning.

The soft roof of residential buildings is built according to the "warm" type, so the roofing cake has a large number of functional layers

The key to long-term and reliable operation of the roof is the ventilation duct, which is necessary for ventilation of the under-roof space. Although, depending on the region, the structure may contain one or more layers of thermal insulation, the standard base of a warm roof is built according to the following scheme:

1. Soft tiles.
2. Lining carpet.
3. Solid base made of plywood, OSB or solid boards.
4. Upper trim.
5. A counter-lattice that creates a ventilation gap.
6. Moisture protection.
7. Sheet or roll thermal insulation.
8. Bottom trim.
9. Vapor barrier membrane.
10. Rafter.

Most often, the construction of a roofing pie is carried out from above. At the same time, thermal insulation is laid on a rough crate and a vapor barrier. If the work on thermal insulation of the roof is carried out from the side of the attic, then a polypropylene cord is used to support the insulation - it will not let it sag while the vapor barrier and the lower crate are being installed.

When constructing a roof northern regions the section of the rafter legs may not be enough to install thermal insulation of the required thickness. You can get out of the situation with the help of an additional beam, which is mounted perpendicular to the rafters. In this case, the installation step of the sparse counter-lattice is selected taking into account the width of the insulation boards - they must fit into the cells with little effort.

Cold shingle roof

Since during the construction of a cold roof there is no need for insulation and related materials, the design of such a roof is noticeably simplified, and, accordingly, its installation is facilitated. In general, the roofing cake should contain the following layers:

The opinion that bituminous shingles in themselves are excellent waterproofing material, does not give the right to refuse the use of an underlayment carpet, even if it is a question of cold roof for an undemanding canopy. On slopes less than 18 degrees, such savings often result in moisture penetrating under the soft surface. The result of a careless attitude to technology can be unattractive stains on shingles and affected by fungus and mold wooden elements designs. And if the first “only” reduces the aesthetics of the roof, then the second significantly reduces its service life.

You can refuse to use a lining carpet only on roof slopes with a steepness of more than 18 degrees, and even then only partially. It is imperative that areas such as the ridge, valleys, overhangs, exit points of ventilation or chimney pipes, as well as utility lines, must be additionally protected from moisture.

Video: features of a roofing cake for shingles

What you need when installing a soft roof: tools and materials

As noted above, one of the advantages of a soft roof is ease of installation. Indeed, subject to the technology, it is quite possible for a person with minimal skills in construction to build even a two-layer warm roof with his own hands. At the same time, there will be practically no need for the cost of tools and equipment - everything that is needed is always at hand from a real home master. If you are going to lay bituminous tiles, you should prepare:

• hand saw or electric jigsaw with a canvas for woodworking;
• knife for cutting shingles;
• spatula and trowel;
• a hammer;
• nail puller or powerful pincers;
• measuring devices - tape measure, cord, plumb line and level;
• chalk and pencil.

If you plan to work in winter time, then you will additionally need a blowtorch ( gas-burner) in order to warm up the mastic. Minimum temperature, at which it is possible to lay a soft roof - minus 15 ° C. In any case, it is best to do construction work at an outside temperature of 15–20 °C. This will prevent damage to the materials and ensure a secure bond between the adhesive layer and the underlayment.

Installation of flexible tiles can be performed with negative temperature, however, you will need equipment in order to heat the substrate and bituminous mastic

To provide the necessary rigidity to the base, a solid type crate is used in the construction of a soft roof. Otherwise, the bituminous coating, along with the roofing cake, will sag and quickly become unusable. It should not be thought that plywood or OSB boards it will be possible to fasten directly to the rafters and thereby save on the lathing slats. Of course, such a method is quite acceptable for the simplest structures such as a barn or gazebo, however, when building a residential building, one cannot do without additional costs for lumber. And this is due not so much to the requirements of mechanical strength (the same boardwalk easily solves this problem), but to the need to equip the ventilation gap with the help of a counter beam.

In addition to solid flooring and sparse lathing, the base design must also include a counter beam that provides ventilation for the roofing pie.

So, under the shingles it is necessary to install two layers of sheathing. The first tier is laid wooden beam or a board, and a flooring made of plywood, boards, OSB, or a combination of these materials is used as a solid base.

If a double continuous crate is constructed from boards, then the first layer is mounted in a row, and the elements of the boardwalk are attached close to each other at an angle of 45 ° to the ridge. In this case, the boards of the lower tier must have a thickness of more than 25 mm and a width of 50 mm. When determining the step of their laying, the cross section of the lumber is taken into account. It is usually possible to eliminate the possibility of deflection of the boards of the upper row at intervals of 200–300 mm. Sheathing the crate starts from the ridge, leaving a gap of at least 3 mm between the boards to eliminate the effects of temperature deformations. Sheathing lumber must have a cross section of at least 20 mm and a width of more than 100 mm.

A single-layer crate can only be used when arranging roofs for undemanding structures

Installation of a double combined crate is less time consuming, so it is used most often. In this design, boards or bars are used for the lower layer, and sheet lumber is used for the upper one. The wooden base of the cold and warm roof is performed differently. In the first case, thermal insulation and a diffusion membrane are not installed, therefore, to assemble the frame, only a sparse crate is needed, on top of which sheets of plywood or OSB are fixed. If insulation is required, then an additional layer of lathing is used in the form of a beam, which is stuffed along the rafters. Thanks to him, a gap is formed between the waterproofing film and the large-panel flooring.

Calculation of flexible tiles and other materials of the roofing pie

For determining required amount roof tiles, insulation and waterproofing use the same principle as for any other covering material. In the general case, it is necessary to calculate the quadrature of all roof slopes and make allowances for trimming, waste, various allowances, etc.

Before determining the consumption of roofing materials, you will need to find the total area of ​​\u200b\u200ball roof slopes

The easiest way to calculate materials for gable roofs- you just need to find twice the area of ​​a rectangle with sides in the form of the length and width of the slope. In the simplest hip roof the slopes form two trapezoids and a pair of triangles, so it will also not be difficult to calculate the total quadrature of the surface. After that, the calculation of the materials of the roofing carpet is carried out taking into account the following amendments:

• bituminous tiles - from 3 to 4 percent for trimming and shifting shingles;
• waterproofing and underlayment - at least 5% in order to overlap adjacent canvases;
• rolled fibrous insulation - according to the total area of ​​​​the roof;
• rigid slab thermal insulation and wooden flooring - taking into account the maximum laying of whole panels, but not less than 3% for trimming and joining.

When starting to calculate materials for combined roofs, it would be useful to sketch a diagram with a detailed indication of the location of the valleys, external corners and the dimensions of each structural element. A more complex structure will require additional costs for materials for the roofing pie:

• OSB, plywood and rigid board insulation - a margin of about 10%;
• overexpenditure of waterproofing and lining carpet - up to 5%;
• soft roll and slab heaters - up to 2%;
• flexible tiles - at least 10%.

Having calculated how many covering materials will be needed, one should not forget about the materials for arranging valleys and skates. When determining the molding of the valley carpet, it is necessary to make an amendment of no more than 1%. As for the ridge cover, not only the tops of individual parts of the roof are taken into account, but also each external bend with an angle of more than 120 degrees.

Which roofing nails are suitable and how many will be needed

For the installation of soft roofing tiles, special nails with wide heads are used. Thanks to them, the fixation area increases, which means that the risk of shingle damage during installation and during operation is reduced. Manufacturers produce two types of fasteners - with notches on the rod and with a smooth rod. In the process of laying, you can use both. Experience shows that the teeth on the nails for shingles are nothing more than a marketing ploy, because when you try to pull the edge of the petal, the material itself is more likely to break through. Pulling even the smoothest nail out of wood will be disproportionately difficult.

Nails for soft tiles differ from ordinary ones with a cap of increased diameter

Tile nails have the following dimensions:

• length from 25 to 30 mm (nails for automatic pistols are longer - up to 40 mm);
• rod thickness - 3 mm;
• cap with a diameter of 8 to 10 mm.

The number of nails that will be needed for the installation of soft tiles is determined only after the number of roof tiles has been calculated. One tile sheet is fastened with at least four nails, which should be hammered in at a distance of 145 mm from the bottom edge and 25 mm on each side.

Affects the consumption of fasteners and the slope of roof slopes. So, on gentle surfaces with an angle of inclination up to 45 °, four nails per shingle will be enough. If the slope has a steepness of more than 45 °, then two more nails are used for reinforcement. Depending on the type of flexible shingles, they are hammered into the corners of each strip or onto the fastening line applied by the manufacturer of the roofing material. When installing the valley and lining carpet, nails are driven in along the perimeter of the strips, observing a step of 20–25 cm. Additional elements are fixed in checkerboard pattern, placing fasteners at a distance of 15–20 cm.

When installing shingles, it is necessary to hammer in nails correctly, otherwise the coating will not last long

1 kg contains up to 400 roofing nails, which allows you to roughly estimate their consumption. So, for the arrangement of 100 sq. m soft roof will need from 8 to 10 kg of fasteners.

What is the best way to cut flexible tiles

During the installation process, shingles of bituminous tiles have to be cut both at the edges and at the junctions, in valleys and on outside corners. Very often, novice roofers use a paint knife or metal shears for cutting. Well, in the absence of an alternative, even large cutting scissors can be used. And yet, none of these tools will give such a smooth cut line and such convenience as a special roofing knife for shingles. The presence of a hook blade allows you to cut on the weight and cut the material in place, applying a minimum of effort and getting an extremely even and neat cut. By the way, an ordinary construction knife can be turned into a roofing knife in no time. All that is needed for this is to replace the trapezoidal blade with a hook blade. You can buy the latter in building markets - most often such canvases are sold in sets of 3-5 pieces.

With the help of a hook blade, an ordinary construction knife can be transformed into a specialized tool for cutting shingles

Installation of lathing and other elements of the roofing pie

The construction of a roofing pie can be started immediately after the rafter system is ready. Preparation of the base of the soft roof consists of several stages.

1. Installation of vapor barrier. A layer of diffusion film is needed in order to prevent the ingress of humid air into the insulation and remove excess moisture to the outside. When constructing a cold type roof, there is no need for a vapor barrier. If it is set up warm roof, then without diffusion membrane insulation can get wet and quickly become unusable. The film must be installed from the side attic space along the rafters - this will also protect the supporting wooden frame from moisture. The vapor barrier is spread horizontal canvases and fasten in the direction from the eaves to the ridge. For reliable fixation, horizontal bars are used, which are nailed to the rafters in increments of 60 cm. Subsequently, these strips can be used for mounting interior trim.

   To fix the vapor barrier, it is convenient to use the slats of the counter-lattice or planks, to which the attic trim will subsequently be attached

2. Thermal insulation laying. Plates or panels of insulation are placed in the space between the rafters. For this reason, even at the stage of their installation, care must be taken to ensure that the step of the rafter legs is equal to the width thermal insulation material. The plates are laid directly on the film, if possible, apart. If their thickness exceeds the cross section of the rafters, then along the latter a timber is stuffed, which will compensate for the difference in size. Thermal insulation is covered with a windproof membrane, which is fixed with a counter beam with a section of 50x50 mm. Such a trick will just allow you to kill two birds with one stone - to fix the film and provide a gap between the insulation and the upper layers of the roof.

   When installing a rafter system, the step between the lags is often selected according to the size of the insulation

3. Lathing fastening. Reiki or boards of a sparse crate are nailed at right angles to the counter beam. The step of their installation is determined by the thickness of the flooring, so when determining this parameter, you should use the table below.
4. Arrangement of a solid base. For flooring, board materials that have maximum moisture resistance are best suited - OSB panels or FSF plywood. It is desirable to fasten them to the crate with the help of self-tapping screws, orienting the plates apart.

Table: dependence of the thickness of a solid flooring on the step of a sparse crate

From my own experience I can say that the optimal thickness of the plates is 10 mm. Such a flooring will not sag even under a powerful snow load and will ensure the calculated durability of a soft roof. When choosing plywood, preference should be given to coniferous varieties of wood. As practice has shown, such a flooring is practically not amenable to deformation during temperature changes and high humidity. I use a water-repellent compound for additional surface and edge treatment of the sheets. As for the OSB, the technology of their manufacture allows you not to bother with any impregnations - such material can easily withstand even small leaks. That, however, does not remove the need to timely identify and eliminate defective areas.

When laying the plates, a deformation gap of 2 to 5 mm should be left. Otherwise, a solid base can “lead”, due to which the roof will lose its external attractiveness or even leak. The flooring should not reach the ridge itself - for normal ventilation of the under-roof space, a gap of at least 70 mm is required.

Video: how to make a crate for soft roofing tiles

Instructions for laying shingles

The arrangement of soft roofing occurs in several stages:

• formation of the lining layer;
• markup;
• fastening of additional elements of the roof;
• installation of flexible tiles;
• sealing passages and junctions.

Work is best done in the summer. The bitumen and mastic will be warmed up by the sun's rays, thanks to which it will be possible to obtain a durable monolithic connection of the roofing tile with the substrate.

Underlay installation

As a lining for a soft roof, rolled bituminous materials are used, which are mounted both along and across the slope. To ensure the tightness of the joints, the lining is spread with an overlap of at least 10 cm along the line of the panels and 15 cm - in the places of transverse junctions.

When installing the underlay, take into account the geometry of the roof to ensure maximum tightness

On roofs with steep slopes, only the most leak-prone areas need waterproofing - valleys, ends and overhangs of cornices, junctions with vertical sections, ridge, etc. It is only important that the joints of adjacent surfaces are protected by a lining carpet on both sides, and its width is:

• at the junctions of adjacent slopes - more than 50 cm;
• on skates - at least 25 cm on each side;
• at the edge of the slope and along the line of the eaves - 40–50 cm.

The fastening of the lining carpet is carried out with nails or construction staples, which are located at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other. In valleys, the fastening step is reduced to 1–15 cm, and bituminous mastic is used for more reliable fixation.

Fastening of additional elements

Additional elements of a soft roof allow you to protect the crate and other details from precipitation wooden frame roofs. Cornice strips (droppers) are installed on the cornice overhangs over waterproofing and fixed in a checkerboard pattern using the same nails for soft roofing. The frequency of the nail fight should be no more than 10 cm. At the docking points, the metal strips are laid one over the other by 3–5 cm. In the same way, the gable strips are also fixed at the ends of the slope. The only difference is that it is important to follow the direction of installation - from the eaves to the ridge.

The edges of the soft roof are protected with eaves and gable strips

Before installing flexible roof tiles, horizontal markings must be applied to each slope. It will be much easier to comply with it correct location each row. You can draw a straight line with a strong twine, which is first rubbed with chalk. Having fixed the cord on both sides of the slope, it is pulled and sharply released. Hitting the substrate or wooden base, the twine will leave an even trail.

When laying the starting shingles, it is important to make the necessary indentation from the edge of the eaves.

Cornice tiles are made in the form of straight shingles, not divided into separate petals. Usually starter strips are sold at a higher price than ordinary tiles. For this reason, some craftsmen simply cut off the petals from them and fasten them with this side out. For fixing, standard wide-head nails are used, which are placed with a 25 mm indent from the edge of the tile. Each next strip of cornice tiles is fastened end-to-end with the obligatory coating of the junction points with bituminous mastic. The distance of the shingle from the edge of the eaves should be 10–20 mm.

Primarily, roofing material mounted at the junction of adjacent slopes (if any are provided for by the roof structure). For these purposes, manufacturers produce a special valley carpet. When spreading, it is brought to both contacting surfaces, glued and additionally fixed with nails.

The valley carpet is brought on both sides of the slopes, glued with bituminous mastic and then fixed with nails

Starting the installation of ordinary tiles, shingles from all packages should be mixed. Thus, it will be possible to avoid a situation with an uneven color shade of the roof or the appearance of pronounced stripes of a certain tone.

Laying ordinary tiles start from the middle of the eaves, placing the tiles in vertical rows to the edges of the slope. The first row is mounted at a distance of 20-30 mm from the edge of the cornice tiles. In order to get the same "tiled" pattern, the top row is shifted relative to the bottom. In this case, the upstream petals should overlap the cuts and attachment points of the lower strips.

The shingles themselves are fixed like this:

Ridge arrangement

The ventilation scheme of the under-roof space can only work if the passage of air at the roof ridge is provided. For this purpose, special plastic aerators are used, which are attached to the elements of the truss system with nails or self-tapping screws.

High-quality ventilation of the under-roof space can be provided using special aerators

Ridge tiles are obtained from eaves, cutting the latter along the perforation. Individual tiles are laid across the ridge, secured on each side with two nails. In this case, each subsequent sheet is applied to the previous one by at least 5 cm, and a layer of bituminous mastic is applied to the junction.

From above, the aerator must be closed with ridge tiles, otherwise the plastic elements will suffer from weathering and solar radiation

Protection of passages and junctions

If various engineering communications pass through the roof - antenna stands, ventilation pipes, etc. - special passage units are installed in these places. Their fastening to a solid base is carried out even before the laying of a soft roof, in order to run shingles from above during the installation process. After that, soft tiles are glued to the penetration with bituminous mastic, after cutting the shingles in place.

At the junction of the slopes to the walls, chimneys and brick ventilation ducts upper layer roofing cake lead to a vertical surface. To avoid damage to the roofing at the bend, a plinth (triangular) rail is attached at the junction of the wall and roof. The lining and edges of the tile sheets are smeared with bituminous mastic and carefully glued to the mating surfaces. All that remains is to protect the edge of the shingles from moisture flowing down the wall. To do this, a valley carpet is mounted on top of the roofing, on which an abutment bar is nailed in the upper part.

The most common mistakes when installing a flexible roof

Violations in the technology of installation of shingles lead to leakage and reduce the reliability and durability of soft roofing. The most common installation errors include:

1. Laying shingles on roofs whose slopes do not fit within the allowable limits.
2. Installation of a soft roof without a lining carpet or the use of partial moisture insulation on sloping slopes.
3. Insufficient length of nails for shingles in case of boarding.
4. Fastening of soft roof tiles with building brackets.
5. Insufficient ventilation of the roofing pie or lack of diffusion vapor barrier.
6. Installation of solid base plates without expansion gaps.
7. Insufficient thickness of the base plates.
8. Lack of batten support under plywood or OSB joint lines.
9. Arrangement of junctions and nodes of passage through the roof in violation of the requirements of tightness.
10. Too much proximity fasteners to the edge of the shingles.
11. Installation in violation of the temperature regime.

Unfortunately, the list of mistakes made by novice roofers can be very long. Meanwhile, all the nuances of installation are provided by the manufacturer and are provided in technological map, which can be found on the official website or in the instructions for the soft roof.

Video: errors when stuffing shingles and how to fix them

Being one of the most technologically advanced and durable roofing materials, flexible tiles do not tolerate careless attitude and haste during work. hope for long term service of a tiled roof without leaks and damage is possible only if all the requirements of the technology are met. During operation, it will be necessary to monitor the condition of the ventilation openings, repair damage in a timely manner, periodically clean the roof of moss and treat it with antiseptic solutions. Not so much challenging tasks, is not it?

Reliable, but at the same time inexpensive roofing is, perhaps, every home owner's dream. Bituminous tiles have such characteristics. So that in the end you get a high-quality coating, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the technology of its installation. By doing the installation of flexible tiles with your own hands, you will significantly save costs. High-quality laying is the key to the durability of the coating.

Installation actions consist of several stages. These include the installation of a base under the roof, then the lining layer is laid, cornices, valleys and end parts are installed, and junctions are made. At the final stage, the installation of flexible tiles on the ridge is carried out. All these points will be described in more detail in this article.

The bituminous tile has rather small weight and is available at the price. Due to the lightness of the tiles, you will have the opportunity to make a lightweight version of the foundation. It will turn out not a very massive house, and this, in turn, will allow you to save on building materials and pay for work.

Among the main advantages of this roofing material, it is also worth noting the following:

• High rates of heat resistance, frost resistance and resistance to strong winds.
• High tolerance for sudden changes in temperature.
• Weather resistance.
• The color does not change over time.

Before laying the tile, prepare the basis for it. It is placed on top of the frame, which can be solid or lattice. As a rule, the basis for shingles is made of wood. The lattice frame is best made from a planed coniferous board of 20–25 mm. To make a solid base, moisture-resistant chipboard or plywood, sheet piles and edged boards. They are attached to the rafters with screws / nails.

A few millimeters should be left between the individual elements in the process of laying the crate. This is due to the fact that when drying the wood, it will be necessary to compensate for its expansion. This moment can be missed only if the material has been previously subjected to technical drying.

To increase the life of all wood elements, they must be impregnated with an antiseptic before installation. To perform the installation of the roof as accurately as possible, you must first calculate the installation distance of the rafters and the thickness of the board used for the frame. For example, if the installation interval is 60 cm, then you need to take a board with a thickness of 20 mm. Accordingly, if 90 cm, then the thickness increases by 3 mm, etc.

Ventilation of a soft-tile roof is usually equipped with a ridge. It fits on a ribbed profile. If a bandwidth the ridge is not enough, then it is necessary to install ventilation elements on the roof surface. This is a kind of profile with ribs that are located at a distance of 2 cm from each other. The ventilation elements are nailed to the roof base after fixing the tiles.

Waterproofing is designed to protect the house from leaking tiles. Provided the slope slope is 18º or more, the insulating material should be parallel to the eaves and ends of the roof. Why? The fact is that in these places there is a high risk of leakage. In view of this, it is important to lay the waterproofing at least 40 cm from the edge. In addition, the ridge should be waterproofed. Installation of insulating material should be carried out 25 cm on each side of the ridge.

If the slope of the roof is 12–18º, then another lining layer must be laid over its entire surface. In this case, work must begin from the bottom up. The layers of tiles are overlapped. The waterproofing is fastened with nails, which should have a cap size larger than usual with a galvanized surface. The frequency of nailing is every 20 cm.

Installation of the cornice, end parts and valley

To reinforce the edges of the roof, take metal strips. They are stuffed on top of the lining layer on the eaves and ends. In this case, roofing nails should be used (interval between nails 12 cm). Then the self-adhesive tiles are laid. The protective film must be removed before gluing. Then, right next to each other, it is glued along the eaves, and then fixed with nails.

A carpet specially designed for this is laid in the valley. It needs to be fixed on both sides. Then you need to smear it along the edge with bituminous mastic.

To carry out the installation of the top layer of shingles, bitumen-polymer material should be used. With its help, a continuous coating with high elasticity is created. It withstands mechanical and thermal deformations of the roof base. In accordance with the regulations for laying a soft roof, hot and cold mastics should be used.

Cold mastics are used to process the inner layers of the roof. Their hot counterparts are used as an outer coating. Among the cold mastics are bitumen and roofing material, and hot - roofing felt and tar. The composition of the mastic should be a dusty mixture. It can be ash, gypsum or lime.

You can make this material yourself or purchase its ready-made counterpart. To make mastic, you will need bitumen and filler. The percentage of bitumen should be about 80%, and, accordingly, filler - 20%. To get cold buteprol, you need to take 1 part of diesel fuel for 2 parts of bitumen. At the same time, the bitumen warms up to 180º, while the filler and diesel fuel settle in another place. After the evaporation of water in bitumen, both compositions are interconnected. This instruction will help you make your own cold mastic.

To prepare hot mastic, you will need an electric stove. Bitumen must be brought to a temperature of 200º by slowly adding filler to it. It is important that the composition does not cool down more than 160º.

To check the quality of the mastic, it should be laid at an angle of 45º. To do this, it must first be heated to 60º. So, if the coating flows down, then it is of poor quality. If it does not drain, then you still need to let it dry. If cracks do not appear, then you managed to make high-quality mastic.

So that the roof is not of different shades, you need to use several packs of tiles at once. The color, of course, will not be the same, but at least it will be uniform. Work starts from the middle of the slope. Tiled tiles should be laid in vertical rows. Move from the center to the fronts. It is important to follow the gap, which should be 2-3 cm between the edge of the tiles and the cornice tiles. This point is important to verify when laying the first row. To form an attractive pattern, the extreme part of the tiles of the second row must be cut off. This is usually done in the center. If necessary, elements of flexible tiles can be cut along the edge of the eaves. It is also important that these trimmed edges are subsequently treated with bituminous glue. Glue a strip about 100 mm wide with glue.

For bituminous tiles, alternative fasteners should be provided. It must be attached to the crate with nails. This is done when laying rows adjacent to each other. About five nails are nailed to one shingle. This is due to the fact that bituminous tiles will stick to each other and to the crate over time due to solar heat.

The roof usually has adjunctions, for example, to a stove heating pipe. There will be a gap in this place, as a result of which moisture will penetrate inside the roof. In order to avoid this shortcoming, it is necessary to correctly attach the flexible tile. First, hammer the rail into the junction of the pipe and the roof. Then put the tiles on the rail and partially on the pipe. Then, starting from the pipe, it is necessary to lay the valley carpet on it so that it overlaps the pipe 300 mm higher from the roof surface. At the end, cover the lower part of the pipe with carpet and tiles with painted tin from all sides.

To prevent snow from accumulating behind the pipe during operation, a groove must be installed. So, melting snow / rainwater, when it hits the slopes of the groove, will flow around the pipe, flowing down the roof.

When installing tile tiles on a ridge, ridge tiles are required. It is made with perforation dividing each element into 3 conditional parts. It must be laid with an overlap of 5–6 cm. This process must be carried out so that the tiles are parallel to the slope line. The short side of the tile is parallel to the slope lines. It must be fastened with nails.

A roof made of flexible tiles can only be laid at positive temperatures, when the thermometer shows at least +5ºС. This is due to the peculiarities of the shingle (a sheet consisting of three to four tile elements). It is attached to the crate with nails or on a special self-adhesive layer. The fact is that the tightness of the soft roof is provided by solar heat. Under its influence, the sheets are glued to the base and to each other. In cold weather, this can hardly be achieved, which means that the insulation will leave the best. On the ridge, you need to overlap, and in cold weather, the shingle becomes especially fragile.

It also happens that a roof made of flexible tiles is forced to be installed in winter. In such cases, the roofing material must be kept in a room with room temperature. If you still have questions on the topic, then you can get additional advice from our specialist.

Video

In the provided lesson, you will receive information on how to make a soft roof: