Do-it-yourself German facade of a half-timbered house. Building cladding in the German style

If you are looking for a light and easy style to decorate, then this is German.

It is chosen by many people, as it differs from all others in that it is simple and practical.

In this article, you will learn how to decorate a house in german style simple, but at the same time with a designer taste.

Kitchen decoration

The kitchen room is the place where mostly women spend a lot of time. For the same reason, there should be everything that will make it more comfortable and cozy.

For the German style, cheap and impractical furniture and clutter are not appropriate, everything should be in its place. Furniture is best chosen from durable and natural materials that will have high functionality.

A special characteristic is light walls and floors, glossy coatings. As for the curtains, it is better to choose them not dark and those that will let in daylight. Tulle can be used if desired. On the ceiling, you can attach one not very large chandelier or several small LED lamps.

Strict and no less modern should look Appliances for kitchen.

If possible, build large appliances into kitchen cabinets. For decoration, choose fresh flowers, good option will be putting them in pots.

German style in the design of the living room

The living room is one of the most important rooms of the house, so it should be decorated carefully and, of course, tastefully.

Use only natural materials- a table with a glass top and wooden legs, as well as wooden cabinet. Here the walls will also be light, but the floor should not be very dark, you can put a laminate on it.

The living room will be cozy and spacious if you decorate it with large quantity furniture. It can be just a sofa or a few chairs, not large sizes table and wardrobe.

You can decorate the room with different items. It can be like family photos on the walls, or large vases on the floor. Small decorative pillows can be placed on the sofa.

As above, no need to hang heavy curtains that won't let light through. A simple and transparent tulle will suffice. Choose a tablecloth to decorate the table light tone.

When decorating German-style apartments, it is worth saying that the living rooms there are often somewhere in the middle of the room itself.

For this reason, daylight may not be enough for full illumination. In this case, you can choose a sconce attached to the ceiling. Small spotlights will lose a bit of the German style vibe, so choosing them is not recommended.

Bedroom style

We also spend a lot of time in the bedroom - rest, enjoying sleep. As in other rooms, extra furniture that does not have any functionality is not appropriate here.

Furniture, in the German style of the bedroom, should be chosen only from durable and natural materials.

In the bedroom, it is enough to have a spacious bed, a small chest of drawers for linen, cabinets near the bed. You can also place a dressing table and a chair.

This room should be bright, so choose pastel shades of wallpaper, white ceiling, delicate light furniture and laminate flooring, also light.

In the bedroom, add a picture on the wall, which will depict a landscape of nature. The window can be decorated with transparent tulle.

Attach either a chandelier or several to the ceiling spotlights. Near the bed, on the bedside tables, you can also place lamps. Place small soft rugs on the floor for comfort.

How to design a bathroom

When designing a bathroom, keep in mind that there should not be too many shelves and cabinets. Sanitary equipment choose simple, no extra decoration.

For the decoration of walls and floors, non-dark tiles are used. bathroom design German-style interiors should not be overloaded with color schemes, with a maximum of three colors.

If you have chosen the German style for decorating your home, you will definitely feel comfort, freedom and coziness.

Photo of the German style in the interior

Since ancient times, German architecture has been famous for its beauty and practicality. As in other countries, it has come a long way from Romanesque and gothic style to high-tech, from castles and half-timbered buildings to ultra modern buildings. Due to its solidity and economy, German architecture has become the epitome of high quality and rationality. Some elements ancient houses- for example, fachwerk - is still used in the construction of modern buildings. And university students study the works of the famous German designer Ernst Neufert and follow in their work the standards and patterns he found.

House with imitation fachwerk on the facade

The 20th century was a turning point in the history of Germany in general, and in particular in design and architecture, marking a consistent departure from the classics. With the advent of the Bauhaus school in the 1920s, modernism gradually supplanted other architectural styles. The architects abandoned the ornament on the facades, simplified the shape of the buildings, subordinating it to the function. These principles were also reflected in post-war architecture, when designers deliberately avoided any historical analogies and preferred to create "from scratch". The practicality of the building and its efficiency, both during construction and during operation, came to the fore. Architects are actively exploring new materials and technologies to improve energy efficiency and manage the home with ease. In recent decades, projects of "smart" houses with the use of automation and computer technology have been increasingly developed.

The architecture of a private house combines traditional and modern elements: the simple shape of the building and gable roof appeared in a new interpretation, and the zinc roofing spread over the entire surface of the house. Klaus Schlossen Architekten

1. Distinctive features of the German house

Private architecture in Germany is quite diverse. As in Russia, here you can find both ultra-modern buildings and quite traditional buildings. In addition, many cities with old houses, which were reconstructed in connection with the new realities of life. If we talk about newly built buildings, then most of them are being built according to standard designs.

Many residents of Germany live in individual cottages in small towns, and go to work in the nearest metropolis. There are both single-family houses (Einfamilienhaus) and duplexes (Zweifamilienhaus). Having studied the German catalogs of private houses for the middle class, we can note the general principles for designing modern suburban housing in Germany. Practicality, economy, rationality - these features that distinguish the entire German architecture as a whole underlie each private project. This approach is manifested both in planning and facade solutions.

Structure german home simple and concise. No frills, no impractical and economically unjustified decorations and architectural elements:

The shape of the houses is close to a square; additional volumes are often attached to it. This can be an entrance group that forms a balcony on the second floor, or a garage attached to the house or connected to it by a covered terrace;

The building consists of two floors, or one floor with an attic;

The roof is most often gable (sometimes four-slope);

There are no turrets in the architecture of the house, but there are bay windows and balconies.

The plan of the building forms a rectangle. It is complemented by volume entrance group serving as a balcony on the second floor. Kampa

The project from the "ABC of Construction". Architect Alexey Kilevnik.

Stylistics modern home relies heavily on the principles inherent in functionalism and minimalism. Unlike traditional German half-timbered architecture, functionalism implies a complete absence of rigid canons and the use of new possibilities of modern building materials. The main attention is paid to the function of this or that element. The form is determined by the function, and the facade is determined by the form.

Similar principles are declared in minimalism. Buildings in this style, as a rule, are built according to individual projects, and are more expressive. Ease of execution, lack of decor and embellishments, natural materials in the decoration, a single color scheme, simple geometric shapes - these are the hallmarks of the style. Special attention given to the effects associated with natural light. Therefore, cottages in this style are characterized by the presence of windows on the entire wall and flat roofs with glass pieces.

All this is reflected in the facade solutions of German houses, among which we can distinguish common features:

- balconies, terraces, awnings, large roof extensions, which provide a variety of facade solutions that give the building individuality;

The additional volume of the loggia gives expressiveness to a building that is simple in form. Juretzka Architekten

- large glazing areas, corner and panoramic windows, double-height glazing;

The large glass area makes a typical country house prominent representative contemporary private architecture. Landau+Kindelbacher

Lack of decor on the facade;

The use of large undivided planes of a homogeneous material or one color;

Light textured plaster and black wooden planken form an expressive contrast. Drevohaus

Space-planning solutions correspond to the structure of the house and are built according to general principles:

The living room and dining room, as a rule, are combined into a single space;

The kitchen is most often not isolated by solid partitions, but is separated from the common space by a piece of furniture (bar counter, shelving) or a decorative wall. The absence of partitions and corridors, the combination of several functional areas in one space creates a feeling of spaciousness, saves usable area. As a result, prerequisites for interesting interior solutions arise;

A single space of the kitchen-living room in the interior. Landau+Kindelbacher

The total area of ​​the three main functional areas of the main room (living room + dining room + kitchen) is approximately 40-70 m2;

The entrance block is separated by partitions (entrance hall, toilet, wardrobe, stairs);

Plan of the first floor in a typical house. Kampa

The apparent dryness of rectangular spaces is often enriched with rectangular bay windows - both on one floor and double-height;

On the second floor there are traditionally private apartments (bedrooms, office, bathroom, wardrobe);

All rooms are separated by partitions, most often of a broken shape, for the functional arrangement of furniture, equipment and more efficient use of space;

In the layout of the building you can find everything character traits German home. Most The first floor is occupied by the combined space of the kitchen, dining room and living room. A single-flight staircase leads to the second floor. complex shape bedrooms and bathroom allows you to divide the premises into functional areas. Drevohaus

To move between floors, a single-flight staircase is often used, and on the second floor a spacious illuminated staircase hall is arranged.

A single-flight staircase leads to a lighted hall on the second floor. Klaus Schlossen Architekten

2. Building a house according to a German project

German practicality and rationality often attract future homeowners from Russia. Simple and discreet, and at the same time very functional, German-style houses are very popular. How promising foreign projects are and how they take root on Russian soil is clearly demonstrated by the history of the construction of the “German” house by the Azbuka Stroitelstva company.

House project

The project of a cottage with a total area of ​​219 m2, created by a German architectural and construction bureau, interested our potential customer. In 2009, he took photographs of the exterior and interior of an exhibition model in Germany and turned to ABC Construction with a request to develop an AR (architectural section) and a KR (constructive section) and subsequently build a house according to this project.

Having studied the photographic materials, our specialists analyzed the architectural and space-planning solutions of the cottage, which the customer liked so much. Rectangular in plan, the cottage is crowned with a traditional gable hip roof. Symmetrical facades attract with their purity and clarity. The French windows of the first and second floors lined up in one line give lightness to the end facades with hip gables. On the second floor, the windows are decorated with a metal balcony railing.

Exhibition sample of a German house. Corner rustications in the color of white frontal boards, window and door frames make the facades festive and elegant.

The "visiting card" of the project is two symmetrically located volumes that adjoin the rear facade and together create a U-shaped composition. This is a glazed room. winter garden, combined with the living room, and a covered terrace, access to which is designed from the dining room. With their proportions and the shape of the roof, the extensions repeat the canopy over the porch of the main entrance and form a small patio between them - an isolated cozy space for family vacation open air.

A distinctive feature of the layout of the cottage is a light translucent staircase located in the center of the house. This planning "highlight" attracted the attention of the customer.

As the main compositional dominant, the staircase conditionally builds the boundaries of the main functional areas: the hall, kitchen, dining room, living room, while providing a view of the entire space. Thanks to light and openwork structures and a wide stair hatch, the hall on the second floor is clearly visible and becomes part of the overall volume, visually expanding it.

An openwork staircase located in the center of the building provides a through view of the entire front space.

As planned by the designers, the staircase does not adjoin the supporting structures and partitions of the building. Like a sculpture, it can be freely walked around from all sides. Thus, the functional object has turned into a kind of core of the house, around which life processes revolve in the literal and figurative sense.

Lightness, airiness and additional volume to the double-height space of the living room give five window openings cut into the truncated roof gable. These windows also illuminate the staircase hall on the second floor. Such a detail makes the interior more diverse, and the facade of the building - rich and interesting.

The second floor is attic, but due to the sufficient height of the walls to the roof slope, the space is cozy and functional. In the living areas and bathrooms, slanted skylights are installed, which not only saturate the space with daylight, but also noticeably enliven the interior.

Skylights make the space on the second floor bright and cozy.

Construction history

By different reasons The "German" project was not implemented. But photographs of the cottage attracted another of our customers. These design solutions almost fully met his requirements and wishes for the organization inner space, the composition of the premises and the architecture of the building.

However, the customer wished to make some changes to the design and layout of the building in order to adapt the project to his needs, Russian climatic conditions and the existing building materials market. The construction process was preceded by the design stage, as a result of which the house underwent a number of changes.

The cold climate required a warm vestibule, which turned into a covered terrace of the main entrance. For the same reason, stained-glass glazing of the winter garden was abandoned, replacing it with walls with a large window opening. To increase the living space, I had to abandon the second light in the living room. In its place, an office appeared in the attic. For better lighting five windows were combined into a continuous tape block.

Ribbon attic windows provide good insolation to the office.

The terrace adjoining the dining room also became warm. A home theater was set up in this room. At the request of the customer, in place of the living room on the first floor, our specialists designed a rest room with a steam room, a shower room and a bathroom. A small redevelopment also affected the group of technical premises.

Standard windows with a window sill height of 0.9 m instead of French ones - from floor to ceiling - helped to improve the heat engineering of the house, which is important in winter. On the second floor, the height of the windows remained the same, but here they arranged a balcony with wooden fencing and exit from two rooms. A ventilation unit lined with stone appeared on the facade of the house - it runs in the outer wall of the technical room.

The end facade of the house has undergone changes: on the first floor, the height of the windows has decreased, and a balcony has appeared on the second.

For economic reasons and aesthetic preferences of the customer, our architects have shifted the decorative accents in the exterior of the house. Snow-white rustication and architraves were abandoned, and the expensive dark front brick of the outer walls was replaced with light-colored brick. At the same time, to preserve the contrast, window frames, frontal boards and drainage systems were made in dark colors. For more reliable operation of the roof with a large number of valleys and ribs, it was decided to replace metal tiles with bituminous tiles.

Despite all these changes, our designers have kept artistic image cottage, space-planning structure and, of course, main feature interior space - a sculptural staircase in the very center of the house. The construction of the building under this project was carried out by our company in 2010.

The end facade of the house has undergone changes: on the first floor, the height of the windows has decreased, and a balcony has appeared on the second.

Currently, we are actively cooperating with the German architectural and construction bureau Anke Disterheft. Leading specialists and management of Azbuka Stroitelstva often visit Germany, where they exchange experience with German colleagues, improve their skills, study new technologies and materials in construction.

We have accumulated a large number of ideas for design and construction country houses based on German standards and technologies. There is a lot of original literature on German architecture in our office. If you are interested in the material of this article, we are always waiting for you in the ABC of Construction.

An American, having moved to Germany, wrote an interesting post about the difference in housing arrangements between American and German houses -. Sometimes some things only amaze an American (such as a hanging toilet), but sometimes they surprise me too (roller shutters down throughout the house, regardless of the time of year or day).

German houses are not usually built with brick or wood, but with metal rebar and sand/limestone mix. Outside and inside the walls are covered with plaster and paint (outside - usually yellow, inside - white). Wallpaper is not used due to high humidity. American houses, usually built of wood/plywood, do not require a signal amplifier to wireless wifi. In a German home, it is required.

In Germany, they prefer to rent a house, rather than having their own. For example, in Berlin, more than 80% of people live in rented housing. Perhaps this is due to a lack of funds (the salary is small and you don’t want to be bound by a loan), or perhaps people do not see their future in this city and want to have freedom of choice and movement. If in America it is common to rent housing for a period of 1 year, then in Germany the minimum period is usually 3 years. The more, the more convenient for the landlord.

In German houses, there is usually no central air conditioning and heating system (grilles in the ceiling and on the floor). With the American hot climate and high humidity You just need constant air conditioning. But Germany is located to the north, it is enough to ventilate the rooms here. Although in old German houses, which are already several centuries old, there is often stubborn mold. The Germans may use small household fans. In cold weather, houses are heated hot water, which is fed into batteries on the wall or under the floor ("warm floors"). The heating level can be adjusted independently. No wonder Germans use less electricity than Americans.

Heating under the window. Balcony door made entirely of glass

But there are light motion sensors that save electricity. For example, they work near the entrance, in the corridor, in the basement.

It was a revelation to Americans that windows could be opened vertically. Sometimes they write on forums that they broke a window in a rented apartment and ask how to fix it and what to say to the landlord. Also, the Americans are puzzled why the Germans do not insert insect screens into all windows. It's just that in Germany all sorts of chemicals are sprayed from helicopters in swampy areas so that mosquitoes do not breed. There really are almost none. Summer night turns into torture for Americans, as all the moths and bugs fly from the darkness to the bright house. The battle between fresh air and lack of insects. Once an American woke up from the fact that a grasshopper was sitting on his chest.

In German houses, roller shutters (metal, wooden, plastic) are usually built into each room. They will be everywhere, except for the windows of the bathroom and toilet. Among Americans, similar strong window fortifications are found on the East Coast or in the southern states, where hurricanes are frequent and windows need to be saved from strong wind and flying debris. Or with the help of thick blinds in the south they escape from the sizzling sun. Americans are wondering why such powerful blinds are needed where there are no hurricanes and the hot south? Versions under consideration:

So that at night the light from street lamps does not interfere with sleep (but the blinds are lowered at night in all rooms);
- so that in winter, leaving the house, to keep it warm (but modern double windows and thermal insulation of the walls perfectly retain heat);
- in order to keep the house cool in the summer (the Germans are afraid of drafts, so they do not ventilate the house in this way in the summer);
- so that the glare of light does not fall on the TV screen;
- to keep their private life secret (it seems to them that 60% of the time the neighbors look out of their windows);
- to feel safe (it seems to the Americans that the Germans thus prepared for the zombie apocalypse);
- perhaps this is a memory of the time when in July 1939 an instruction was issued on the need to tightly close the windows with blankets at night so that the light from inside the house was not visible.
- perhaps there is no logic here. Enough habit that my mother and grandmother did this.

For example, in Holland they rarely curtain their windows, rather they try to decorate them with orchids, lighthouses, seagulls ... The Dutch like to live without curtains, as if demonstrating to all people that they have nothing to hide. Perhaps the Dutch like to look out the window more often than the TV. Perhaps this is their favorite TV program. Or maybe the Dutch just love the sun and don't like to turn their houses into underground spaces where no light can penetrate.

Dutch house in the evening.

Window shutters are what most surprise Americans in Germany. But those shutters on century-old buildings never close.

Usually residential buildings in German towns day and night look like this:

Maybe this is an echo of the war and it seems to them that a sniper is sitting on the roof? But the whole of Europe was at war.

When you move into a rented apartment, you need to be prepared for the fact that instead of lighting in the rooms there will be only wires. buy light bulbs lighting and you have to install them yourself. For example, at first we were very helped out by two table lamps brought with you..

Americans are surprised that German toilets have not one but two flush buttons and they are different! In the US, older toilets use 13.6 liters of water to flush, newer ultra-low-flow toilets use 6 liters. In Germany, pressing a large button uses 7.5 liters of water, and a small one - 3.8 liters.
Also for Americans, the design is amazing wall hung toilet. They are used to having it attached to the floor. And it’s also surprising to Americans that there is a brush in the toilet ...

Americans are used to the fact that in the kitchen a two-door refrigerator with a minimum height of 1.8 m is waiting for them, a huge oven and a large space for utensils and creativity. German cuisine disappoints them in this regard. Not all rented German houses have kitchen furniture, and if there is, then it is not at all "American" in size. When baking a turkey in a German oven, the Americans even have to cut off its legs, otherwise it simply does not fit inside.

Usually, at the entrance to a rented apartment, new tenants in the kitchen expect only the possibility of connecting water and electric wires. The previous tenants will even take the sink and countertop with them (most likely, because of its size, it will be useless in a new place, but here the Germans are driven not by logic, but by a sense of justice - you didn’t pay them for this kitchen). Usually kitchen furniture tenants buy on their own or buy cheaply from previous tenants who moved out (fortunately, people rarely move in Germany).

What does a typical American stove look like:

What does the kitchen look like in a rented German apartment (a small elevation on the left is a refrigerator):

Now I'm starting to understand why the Germans go to the store every day ... They simply do not fit anything at home. However, from the previous post, you already understood that the Germans prefer not to cook at home, they eat ready-made food that needs to be warmed up as much as possible (What do they eat in Germany? and).

German built-in oven:

What did the Americans do first? Of course we bought new refrigerator! True, they did not measure in advance the doorway of the closet where they intended to put him, but he climbed in anyway:

The storage room inside the apartment is often used to install an additional refrigerator or freezer. In our house, for example, there is a place for connecting a washing machine. Also, usually a basement is supposed to be attached to the apartment, where you can store bicycles, skis, rods and whatever your heart desires (except for combustible and flammable items). Yes, when moving, the Germans will also take the dryer and washing machine with them.

If in America a large and beautiful space is accepted in front of the house, then the Germans have the opposite: there will be a rather small space in front of the house, and all the beauty will be behind the house, away from prying eyes. Even apartment buildings in Germany, ugly from the street, will have a pretty patio. Perhaps this is because the Germans do not want to "show off" their beautiful courtyards, while Americans, on the contrary, like to look attractive. Usually in the backyards, the Germans cook sausages and fry meat.

In American homes, it is customary to make wall niches that can be closed, which can be conveniently used as dressing rooms or pantries. They will be present even in the smallest apartments in New York:

In Germany, instead of such niches, they buy furniture where they hang and fold clothes. Americans believe that cabinets are what Ikea does its main business in Germany.

Americans are accustomed to having large furniture in their big houses. But it just won't fit in the comparatively smaller German apartments. For example, this big dinner table for 10 people and chairs, the Americans had to sell before moving to Germany:

Of course, there were still difficulties in finding an adapter for equipment designed for a different mains voltage. For example, electronics bought in Germany will not work in the US unless adapters or transformers are used. Therefore, those who leave Europe for America usually sell all their equipment through websites at low prices. This is very convenient for those who are moving to Germany and do not want to invest a fortune in the purchase. new technology. The EU electrical plug is different from the US one (2 small round pins vs 2 small flat prongs). Things that usually don't work from the US: TVs, irons, hair dryers, coffee pots, electric shavers, lamps, etc.

I'll add on my own:

If the house is old, post-war construction, most likely the bathroom will only have a shower. But at modern renovation everything looks nice:

In old houses, the division of rooms into a kitchen and a dining room has been preserved, i.e. they don’t eat in the kitchen, they only cook (however, as in the pre-revolutionary houses of Moscow and St. Petersburg).

Small German kitchen. Cooking here:

Here they eat:

In the kitchen, you can only have a bite to eat, sitting at this impromptu table on high bar stools:

The central place in the living room is occupied by a TV (each room of the German house has a TV outlet). For example, our neighbors watch TV as if on schedule - every day from 18:00 to 22:00. Then they lower their blinds and you can't hear them. His barbell continues to lie in the shed, her bike is there. It seems that in their life there is only home and work.

The German bedroom differs from others in that an additional switch will be arranged above the bed. Americans are surprised that in Germany there are big switches, not in the form of a lever. Very often, even on a double bed there will be two separate blankets (and not one large one) and there will be no bedspread on top (this is a wonder for the Germans). Terry stretch sheets are often used.

For some reason, the Germans avoid eating on the balconies, although they buy flowers, trees and beautiful furniture there.

The balcony in Holland is literally created for lunches and dinners:

Nice balconies in Heidelberg.

What are German houses -

German quality is valued in all areas of activity, including in private housing construction. Traditional designs of German houses are distinguished by practicality, quality and multifunctional layouts. A high level of quality and attention to detail is evident in everything - from the choice of building materials to planning solutions. The German design of private houses in many projects has the shape of a cube, and exterior finish at home is done in light color palettes.

Characteristic features of the design of German houses

In the design of the exterior, you can always notice the presence of bay windows, a balcony, wooden decor, as well as real flowers planted in pots or decorative containers. In such houses window blocks have a classic rectangular or arched shape, sometimes with massive frames or shutters. The basement of the house, as a rule, is faced with porcelain stoneware or natural stone. German houses are most often found in an attic or two-story version with gable roof. The roof is predominantly covered with red tiles.

One of the most popular German styles is fachwerk. All projects of houses in the German fachwerk style are built from wooden beams tilted at different angles. The distance between the beams is filled with aerated concrete, glass or white brick with insulation. An interesting feature fachwerk is panoramic glazing which looks very stylish and respectable. Regardless of the architectural style, all German houses have a standard layout concept and the following common features:

Attic floor with gable roof;

Rectangular shape;

The presence of a garage or shed;

Thanks to design features, in mansard house, the space under the roof slopes does not disappear.

Some projects are equipped ground floor for household needs or a workshop device.

Everyone knows the practicality of the Germans and their rational approach to all things. This feature affects the design of private houses. Many projects of German houses, instead of a garage, provide a simple and open area for parking a car. Despite the exotic German projects, recently, they are increasingly found in suburban construction.

Typical projects German houses are impeccable in terms of rationality and ergonomics, as they imply the maximum beneficial use residential and utility rooms. In many layouts, the number of walls and partitions is reduced to a minimum. The ground floor usually houses the kitchen and dining room, which is a central gathering place for the whole family. On the second floor there are bedrooms and other rooms necessary for relaxation.

Exterior decoration of the house in the German style

Finishing work outside the house involves the processing of finished wooden or plastered walls. Some German-style projects are developed with a facade that is divided into several equal segments using a rigid frame. The resulting cells are filled with special materials. In order to protect the foundation of the house from the negative impact external factors, the basement of German houses is finished with high-strength materials such as artificial or natural stone. Such original design facade gives the house an attractive and extraordinary appearance.

For home decoration, often used wide boards, which are fixed to the plastered walls with self-tapping screws. As a material for the construction of classic German houses, architects most often choose dark wood, which is treated with paints and varnishes in order to protect the wood from moisture. Properly selected paint and varnish composition not only protects the tree from adverse factors, but also gives it a noble sheen, effectively emphasizing the structure of the pattern of internal fibers.

New designs of German houses combine ancient German traditions and high-tech materials. Because of this, houses in German designs, with Gothic architectural elements, are very popular in the field of private housing construction. The special architecture of German houses does not allow them to be confused with houses made in other styles. With us, the German fachwerk style, which is distinguished by an interesting shape of the roof and the predominance of wood in finishing, has received the widest distribution.

You can choose a project of a German house.

To order construction of turnkey houses in Krasnodar and Krasnodar Territory can .

Has a long history. The style loved by Europeans was borrowed by domestic architects and designers. What is the secret of popularity German cladding, what are the basic principles of technology and how to imitate half-timbered houses on your own?

Features of German technology

Fachwerk trim is a kind of grid of wooden beams applied to the cladding of a house in a contrasting color. This solution has a number of advantages:

1. Versatility. Stitching decorative beams suitable for small country houses, and spacious cottages. Facade can be combined with others style directions characteristic of a certain area.
2. Ease of arrangement. The technology is not difficult. The main thing is to plan the location of the beams in advance and prepare the material.
3. Sophistication. A variety of textures of wall decoration and colors allows you to create an exclusive facade. The design implies unity with nature - the external wooden frame gives the house a special charm.

Of the minuses of the technology, one can note: the relative high cost of the materials used and the fragility of wooden elements.

The choice of material for the arrangement of the facade

The service life, ease of installation and practicality of the operation of the cladding largely depends on the right materials. Particular attention should be paid to the base for the half-timbered facade and the stuffed planks.

natural wood or imitation

The choice lies between wooden or polyurethane boards. Each material has pros and cons.

Distinctive features wood beams:

• naturalness and environmental friendliness;
• beautiful appearance;
• the need for careful preparation - treatment with flame retardants and protective impregnations;
• susceptibility to decay;
• high cost.

Good alternative to wood polyurethane beams. The main advantages of polymers:

• plausible imitation of the texture and shades of wood;
• wide selection colors false beams;
• low weight - polymer boards are hollow inside, such a finish does not give a special load on the lightweight frame foundation;
• excellent technical and operational properties: resistance to UV rays, temperature extremes, resistance to decay, inertness to organic matter and the absence of deformations.

An important argument in favor of imitation of fachwerk with polyurethane beams is the affordable cost of polymer materials.

Fachwerk base options

Installation of beams takes place on a prepared base. Three options are popular in frame housing construction:

• DSP sheathing;
• wall plastering;
• use of OSB boards.

The most practical method is the use of cement-bonded particle boards (DSP). The material has high density, tolerates longitudinal loads well and is not afraid of precipitation. DSP sheathing gives the frame additional strength.

Composite boards – best base under fachwerk. Value for money technical qualities material is optimal.

Plastering walls is a labor-intensive process. Moreover, taking into account the features prefabricated houses, this method is not recommended for cladding. Temporary movements of the frame can lead to cracking of the plaster layer.

OSB boards – budget technology. The material is suitable for use in the construction country houses and small buildings.

The nuances of using OSB-plates:

• high-quality processing with bioprotection is necessary to prevent the appearance of mold;
• special attention to the ends of the paintings - with regular contact with water, they can swell;
• over time, OSB boards change color and require painting.

Step-by-step instructions for finishing the facade

Let's describe the order of finishing the facade of a half-timbered house with our own hands. The entire course of work can conditionally be divided into several stages.

Design and sketch development

First of all, you need to make layout plan of wooden beams. It is necessary to build on the working drawing of the house itself.

When drawing up a sketch, you should adhere to the following rules:

• the placement of the racks is not tied to the seams of the DSP boards; on the contrary, the cladding panels are “adjusted” to the sketch of the location of the beams;
• top and, crossbars, braces and vertical supports should leave the impression of not decorative, but load-bearing elements;
• in the layout of racks and boards, symmetry is welcome; in the frame of window and door areas, it is desirable to adhere to a single tactic.

Necessary materials and tools

To implement a half-timbered facade, you will need the following materials:

• DSP boards 12-16 mm thick;
• wooden beams 15 cm wide or polyurethane planks;
• bars for attaching the DSP to the frame;
• insulation;
• windproof membrane;
• fasteners - wood screws 3.5 * 5.5 mm;
• paint, protective.

From the tools you need to prepare: a puncher, a screwdriver with nozzles and drills, a grinder for cutting plates, a level, a tape measure, a spatula, a roller, a square and a pencil.

Cutting and fixing DSP boards

Comparing the dimensions and configuration of the walls with the dimensions of the facing slabs, it is necessary to cut the DSP. Before installing the canvases, it is necessary to "fill" the frame heat-insulating material, and fix on top of the insulation windproof membrane.

Following actions:

1. Fix vertically wooden blocks– the fastening step depends on the width of the cut DSP sheets.
2. Drill holes in the plates: the diameter is equal to the thickness of the self-tapping screws, the step along the edges is 20 cm, in the middle - 40 cm, the indentation is from 1.5 cm.
3. Treat the ends of the sheets with a strengthening primer.
4. Fix the DSP slab, keeping a gap between the elements of 3-5 mm. The head of the self-tapping screw should go deep into the canvas by 1-2 mm.

Priming and painting walls

At this stage, it performs finishing walls before attaching the beams. Work progress:

1. Fill the gaps between the DSP boards with a weatherproof compound. It is also necessary to process the attachment points - the caps of the self-tapping screws.
2. Apply the strengthening primer to the walls using a roller. Leave the surface to dry completely.
3. Prepare the paint, thoroughly mix the base with the color and apply to the walls.

As a rule, one layer is not enough to cover the gray DSP boards. To achieve uniformity of color, it is desirable to repeat the staining.

Preparation and installation of beams

Boards for finishing the facade should be well dried. Further, the material is sanded, treated with flame retardant impregnations and protective compounds.

Such measures are aimed at reducing the ability of wood to ignite and increase resistance to precipitation, solar radiation. Impregnation with an antiseptic protects the beams from the appearance of rot and insect invasions. The final stage of preparation- painting the boards in a dark color.

1. Cut lumber according to the sketch.
2. Fix the finished elements with self-tapping screws, observing the layout plan.

The procedure for working with polyurethane strips is somewhat simpler. They do not require pre-treatment and are fixed to the DSP with liquid nails.

Fachwerk decor secrets

The facades of houses in the German Fachwerk style have some common features in execution:

1. The floors are visually separated by one or two rows of horizontal beams.
2. AT window frames bindings are present.
3. Entrance doors - mostly massive wood, without glazing.
4. Drainpipes, chimney and ventilation outlets match the color of the beams.
5. The foundation of the house is decorated with natural or artificial stone.
6. Fachwerk tradition is to decorate window sills with flowerpots and planters with flowers.

The beautification of the facade in the medieval European style has taken root in modern frame housing construction. Fachwerk imitation can radically change the appearance of the building, giving it originality and presentability.

Video: fachwerk on a house insulated with foam