Bulletin. List of territories of the Orenburg "Urban environment"

The following large geomorphological structures are distinguished in the relief: the plains of the Cis-Urals, Ural mountains, Trans-Ural peneplain and the plains of the Turgai plateau. The main river is the Ural with tributaries. The region is located mainly in the steppe zone, forests occupy about 4% of the territory. The territory of the region is 124 thousand km2 (0.7% of the territory Russian Federation). The population is 2224 thousand people, urban - 61%. Population density - 18 people. per 1 km2.

The Orenburg region was formed on December 7, 1934. From December 26, 1938 to December 4, 1957, it was called the Chkalov region. The distance from the regional center of Orenburg to Moscow is 1478 km. Included in the Volga Federal District.

It occupies a vast territory in the southeastern outskirts of the European part of Russia. The total length of the borders of the region is about 3700 km. The territory of the region is stretched from west to east for 750 km. The extreme northern and southern points of the region are 435 km apart in latitude, while at the narrowest point the distance between the northern and southern borders of the region is only 50 km. The southern border of the region for about 1670 km is the border between Kazakhstan and Russia. Almost the entire northern border of the region falls on Bashkiria, only in the extreme northwest Tatarstan adjoins the region, and in the northeast - the Chelyabinsk region. In the west it borders on the Samara region, and the extreme western point joins with Saratov region. The region is located in two parts of the world, Europe and Asia. Historically, the border between them within the region is drawn along the Ural River. However, the physical-geographical boundary runs along the eastern foot of the Ural Range, Mukhodzhar and the Emba River.

In the west and east of the region, the relief is characterized by leveled interfluves and gentle slopes with low remnant ridges, and in the central part, in the interfluve of the Bolshaya Ik and Sakmara, it is a lowland. The highest point of the region on the Small Nakas Ridge in the Tulgansky district has a mark of 667.8 m, the lowest point is the edge of the river. Ural at the village of Early in the Tashlinsky district - 39.7 m above sea level.

The following large geomorphological structures stand out in the relief: the plains of the Cis-Urals, the Ural Mountains, the Trans-Ural peneplain and the plains of the Turgai plateau.

The main river is the Ural with tributaries. The region is located mainly in the steppe zone, forests occupy about 4% of the territory. The territory of the region is 124 thousand km2 (0.7% of the territory of the Russian Federation). The population is 2224 thousand people, urban - 61%. Population density - 18 people. per 1 km2. Live: Russians, Tatars, Ukrainians, Kazakhs, Mordovians, Bashkirs, Germans, Chuvashs, Belarusians.

In total there are 12 cities in the republic. The largest of them are: Orenburg, Orsk, Novotroitsk, Buzuluk, Buguruslan.

In ancient times nomadic tribes of Bashkirs and Kazakhs lived on the territory of the region. In the XIII century. these lands were conquered by the Mongol-Tatars and included in the Golden Horde. The penetration of Russians into the Orenburg steppes is associated with the beginning of the process of joining the territory of Kazakhstan to Russia in the 18th century. Here the Orenburg Cossack army was formed, which served as a border guard on the southeastern borders of the Russian Empire. In 1773-1775. the region was one of the main bases of the rebel army of E. Pugachev. By the end of the XVIII century. the process of settling the Orenburg lands by Russians intensified, and this territory became firmly part of Russia.

Orenburg was originally founded in 1735 as a fortress at the confluence of the river. Or in the river. Yaik (modern Ural River). In 1740 the city was founded in a new place - on Krasnaya Gora (downstream along the Yaik River) with the preservation of the former name; the old city was called the Orsk fortress (modern city of Orsk). In 1743 the city was moved for the third time, to the West, to the site of the Berd fortress (founded in 1737). The city on Krasnaya Gora continued to exist under the name Krasnogorsk fortress (now the village of Krasnogor, Saraktash region). In the 18th - 1st half of the 19th centuries. Orenburg is the main fortress of the Orenburg military border line (abolished in 1862). From 1744 the center of the Orenburg province, from 1782 - the Ufa governorship, at the same time the residence of the head of the Orenburg region; in 1796-1802 and since 1865 again the provincial center. Since 1748 the military and administrative center of the Orenburg Cossack army. From October 5, 1773 to March 23, 1774, it was besieged by the army of Yemelyan Pugachev. In 1850-81 Orenburg was the center of the general government; until 1868 there were institutions in charge of border affairs, the administration of the Kazakhs of the Small Zhuz; since 1868 the seat of the governor of the Turgai region. It was a major center of Russian trade with Kazakhstan and Central Asia; in Orenburg there was the Exchange Yard (built in 1749-54) and Gostiny Dvor, border customs (abolished in 1868). Industry (mainly flour-grinding, lard-making, leather-processing, and oil-pressing) began to develop with the construction of the Samara-Orenburg railway in 1877. In 1905, the Orenburg-Tashkent railway was built and the main railways and repair shops were opened. The city became a major trade and distribution center for livestock and meat (in 1894 city central slaughterhouses were opened, and from 1880 the export of fresh and frozen meat began), the so-called. Siberian ghee, lard, leather, wool, goat down; sawmilling and woodworking industries are developing. In 1920-25, Orenburg was the capital of the Kirghiz ASSR, since 1934 - the center Orenburg region In 1938-57 he was named Chkalov. Orenburg was a place of political exile; poets T.G. Shevchenko, A. I. Pleshcheev, composer A. A. Alyabyev.

The region's economy combines developed industrial and agricultural production. The main industries are ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering and metalworking. An important place is occupied by the oil and gas, light and food industries. Copper, nickel, cobalt and gold are mined. One of the largest metallurgical plants in Russia operates in Novotroitsk. Copper is smelted in Mednogorsk, nickel and cobalt are smelted in Orsk. Large factories operate - heavy engineering (Orsk, Buzuluk), electrical products (Mednogorsk), agricultural engineering (Buzuluk). The oil refining and chemical industries are developed (fuel, oils, sulfur, nitrogen fertilizers, rubber products). Large production of building materials. A number of food and light industry enterprises are of national importance. Orenburg downy shawls have long been famous.

Agricultural land covers 87% of the region. The leading crop is spring wheat, in addition to it, rye, millet, sunflower, potatoes, vegetables, watermelons, and melons are grown. A significant place belongs to horticulture. Cattle, pigs, goats (including downy Orenburg breeds), sheep, and poultry are bred.

Main railway lines: Samara - Orenburg, Buguruslan - Ufa, Orsk - Kartaly - Chelyabinsk, Orsk - Magnitogorsk. The network of highways is developed. Air lines connect the center of the region with other major cities of Russia.

An important transport center (3 railway lines, 3 highways, airport) is the city of Orenburg.

The leading industries of the city are mechanical engineering and metalworking. Machine tools, tools, drilling equipment, machines for Food Industry, electromechanical and refrigeration equipment, spare parts for tractors and combines. There are large factories for rubber products, petroleum oils and for the production of building materials. There are many food industry enterprises (a large meat-packing plant stands out), leather and footwear, clothing and knitwear production is developed. A large factory for silk fabrics and a factory for hand-made and factory dressing of the well-known Orenburg downy shawls.

Russian Civilization

Orenburg region- one of the largest regions of Russia, located in the southeast of Russia, at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, borders on the Republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan, Samara, Saratov and Chelyabinsk regions and with the Republic of Kazakhstan. The absence of high mountain ranges and the location in the center of the vast Eurasian continent form a sharply continental climate in the region. On the territory of the Orenburg region, landscapes of the forest-steppe middle lane Russia, the steppes of the Trans-Volga and Turgay, the wooded lowlands of the Southern Urals, the pine-birch forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

To a person who is little familiar with, his landscape appears in the form of monotonous and dull steppes and fields. But for those who have been in the region, it is a land of rare beauty, an exceptional variety of landscapes, and the unique color of local nature. Hilly "Aksakov forest-steppe" with birch groves, oak forests, linden forests, steppe ridges, wooded spurs, miniature ridges, hills and gorges of the Guberlinsky upland. All of these landscapes are Orenburg region.

In the south of the region, in the Sol-Iletsk district - prevails, in the north in the Tyulgan region - and, in the central and eastern parts of the region - endless.

Diversity and Contrast nature of the Orenburg region is explained by the fact that the territory contains the limits of the distribution of many species of flora and fauna, and also the border between Europe and Asia, the steppe and the forest-steppe.

Orenburg region located mainly within two physical geographical countries- Russian Plain and. The border between them runs along the western outskirts of the Maly Nakas ridge, then goes parallel to the Bolshoy Ik valley, crosses the Sakmara-Ural interfluve along the Kondurovka line - the Burli mouth and stretches southeast, to the upper reaches of the Burli River. This is the main landscape boundary of the region. To the west of it, at first foothill hilly, and then flat areas, associated with the geological basis of the Russian Plain and its Cis-Ural trough, predominate. To the east, low-mountain and low-mountain areas of the folded Urals are developed, changing in the Sarah region and east of the high plain (peneplain) on the crystalline foundation of the destroyed Ural Mountains.

The second important natural boundary of the region is the boundary between the steppe and forest-steppe landscape zones. It is primarily due to climatic features and is expressed in the change of zonal types of vegetation and soil cover. The presence of forests on watersheds does not serve as a basis for drawing this boundary. The northern limit of the region's steppe zone is marked along the line of the rivers Malyi Kinel - Bolshoi Kinel - the source of the Salmysh River - the mouth of the Bolshaya Yushatyr River - the lower reaches of the Bolshoy Ik River - the northern outskirts of the Sarinsky Plateau.

Thus, if we draw on the main landscape boundaries, we will get the most general scheme natural zoning of its territory. In the north-west of the region, the Zavolzhsko-Priduralsky forest-steppe elevated province - "Aksakov forest-steppe" - will stand apart. The west and southwest of the region are formed. As you move south, it drops in steps towards the Caspian Sea. To the east of the Salmysh River, it gradually passes into the Cis-Urals. To the south of the valley of the middle reaches is the Poduralsky Syrt (the interfluve of the Urals and the Ilek). In the mountainous part of the region, the South Ural low-mountain forest-steppe province stands out (it includes Maly Nakas, the right bank and the northwestern part of the Sarinsky plateau). This wooded region is often referred to as " Orenburg Switzerland". Most of the Sarinsky plateau, and the small hills to the south form the South Ural low-mountain steppe province. Almost the entire east is part of the South Transural (Ural-Tobolsk) high-plain steppe province. Only the extreme southeast of the region belongs to the West Turgai steppe province of Turgai canteen of the country.

The distinguished physiographic provinces are also heterogeneous. They trace the subzones of the northern, typical and southern steppes. But landscape areas most fully reflect the diversity of the nature of the Orenburg region. The structure of natural areas is formed by the so-called typological landscape complexes - types of terrain and tracts that can be considered natural lands of the region.

Terrain types of the Orenburg region

The main types of terrain in the Orenburg region are: floodplain, above-floodplain-terrace, valley-beam, near-valley-upland, watershed-upland, syrt-hilly, hilly-sandy and low-mountain-ridge.

floodplain type The area is confined to areas of river valleys flooded during the spring flood. It is distributed in all provinces of the region, but is most developed in and in the Cis-Urals (floodplains, Samara, Ilek, etc.). There are three levels of floodplain: lower, middle and upper. Despite small area distribution, the floodplain type of terrain plays an important economic role. The region's forests and the best hayfields are concentrated here. The oxbow lakes are of great fishery importance. Plowed areas of the floodplain are used for gardening, vegetable growing and melon growing. Above floodplain terraced the type of locality is developed along the valleys of all significant rivers of the Orenburg region. In the Samara basin and from Belyaevka to Ilek, terraces above the floodplain occupy, as a rule, the left-bank parts of the valleys. Along the Ilek and downstream of Rassypnaya, they are common on the right bank.

Valley-beam the terrain type combines the primary slopes of river valleys, gullies and slopes adjacent to them. It is distributed in all provinces of the region. The natural structure of the valley-beam complex is distinguished by great diversity and dynamism. The processes of planar and linear erosion and landslide formation proceed intensively here. The valley and ravine slopes are usually plowed up. The upper reaches of the beams are covered with oak-birch and aspen forests. Narrow ribbons of black alders wind in deep logs along the streams. Many other unique natural monuments (picturesque cliffs, rocks, caves, springs, etc.) are confined to this type of area.

Modern natural structure valley flats completely consists of anthropogenic tracts: field (agricultural), silvicultural, residential, road. The valley plains are the most valuable arable land, so the main part of the grain crops of the Orenburg region is concentrated here.

Watershed-upland the terrain type is confined to flat areas of high watersheds preserved from erosion. It is distributed in places in the Cis-Urals, on the Sarinsky and Ural-Tobolsk plateaus. Watershed plakors are characterized by deep (up to 35 m) occurrence of groundwater. On the watershed uplands and the Sarinsky plateau, there are tracts of endorheic depressions with a depth of 1-5 meters and a diameter of up to several hundred meters.

Syrt-hilly type of terrain - a kind of landscape endemic of the interfluves of the rivers of the Volga and Ural basins. It is a combination of narrow convex saddle watersheds with a large number of outliers - shikhans, cones, hills, where slabs of Triassic sandstones or fields of Jurassic pebbles are exposed. Blocks and fragments of quartzite-like perforated sandstones and conglomerates, sometimes reaching 4-7 meters in diameter, are scattered on their surface.

Hilly-sandy The type of locality is massifs of cumulus sands, not fixed or weakly fixed by vegetation, and most often distributed on the right-bank floodplain terraces, high floodplains, and sides of river valleys. Hilly sands are original natural complexes superimposed on the primary types of terrain. In the Orenburg region, a hilly-sandy type of terrain is developed on the right banks of Samara, the Urals, Ilek, on the interfluve of the Ilek and Malaya Khobda, in the lower reaches of the Kumak and Ori rivers. The average thickness of eolian sand deposits is from 2 to 8 meters. Due to winding, on the surface of the sandy massifs, hollows of blowing and sandy mounds (dunes) up to 5-6 meters high were formed. Sand contributes to the good penetration of precipitation and melt water into the depths and the formation of a stable groundwater horizon at a depth of 1 to 4 meters.

Low mountain ridge the type of terrain is widespread in the mountainous part of the Orenburg region (Small Nakas, Ziyanchurin ridges, Kuvandyk mountains and others). It is a combination of linearly elongated ridges up to 400-600 meters high and inter-ridge depressions dissected by a river network.

In the Trans-Urals, in addition to those described above, interfluve undrained and interfluve, rock-remnant types of localities are common. In the extreme south-east of the Orenburg region, within the limits of the Turgai canteen, the countries have developed lake-terrace and coastal-lake.

Locality types are divided into various subtypes and variants associated with the features of the relief and the composition of the constituent rocks. For each type of terrain, natural combinations of types are characteristic. tracts.

tract- an old Russian term, widely known in the colloquial language. By it is usually meant something remarkable piece of terrain. We call tracts lily-of-the-valley oak groves, sedge forests, pine forests, oxbow lakes, thickets of steppe shrubs, meadow-steppe depressions, shikhans, chalk hills, and so on, that is, everything that determines the face of the landscape.

And in addition to the above, I would like to note that if you need to book a hotel in Orenburg without a commission, for an unforgettable vacation in our region, right now you can do it on the website of our partners.

Average temperature in the city by months:

Orenburg through the eyes of a resident. About climate, ecology, areas, real estate prices and work in the city. Pros and cons of living in Orenburg. Reviews of residents and those who moved to the city.

General information and history of Orenburg

Orenburg has an unusual history, it was only laid three times in different places. In 1735, the first fortress was founded at the confluence of the Or River with the Yaik River. In 1740, the Orsk fortress was founded on Red Mountain. And only in 1743 the final place of the city on the banks of the Ural River was chosen. Therefore, Orenburg can be safely called one of the most interesting and interesting cities in the Russian Federation.

Orenburg was one of the major trade centers of Kazakhstan with Russia and Central Asia. Large caravans with various goods from Khiva, Tashkent and Bukhara passed here. The city also became famous for its military successes during the uprising of Yemelyan Pugachev. The siege of Orenburg lasted about six months, but the rebels failed to take the main fortress. In the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" the history of the Orenburg region is described in more detail.

In 1877, railway traffic was opened to Samara, and later to Tashkent. Also, various industries were opened: sawmills, oil mills, flour mills, woodworking. Trade was even more intense, and the city gradually turned into a major trading center.

In 1938, Orenburg was renamed Chkalovo, in honor of Soviet pilot Valeria Chkalova. Although the famous pilot has never even been to our city. In 1957 the city was again named Orenburg.

In 1966, a natural gas field was discovered near Orenburg. Today, gas processing enterprises are city-forming. The leading industries of the city are: chemical, fuel, petrochemical, metalworking and mechanical engineering.

Orenburg is famous for down products. In 1960, a plant for downy shawls was formed. Downy cobwebs and shawls have long been the hallmark of the city. Such shawls are famous for the subtlety of work, the beauty of the finish and the originality of the pattern. It is them that L. Zykina praises in her song.

To date, various works are underway in Orenburg to reconstruct historical centers and monuments. The buildings of the Central Market, Gostiny Dvor, as well as monuments have been restored: the monument to A.S. Pushkin, the stele of the founding of the city of Orenburg, a monument to the Orenburg Front.

Climate and ecology of Orenburg

We ask those who have information to be noted in the comments, we will reflect this information in this section.

Population of Orenburg

The population of Orenburg, like the country as a whole, is constantly changing. In recent years, the number of citizens has grown significantly. So if in 1974 400 thousand people lived in the city, then today (2014) this figure has exceeded 560 thousand people.

The growth of Orenburg is explained both by a natural process and a mechanical one, that is, migration. A lot of residents of neighboring republics choose Orenburg as their second home. Most of these people work on construction sites and agricultural farms.

In total, more than 100 nationalities live in Orenburg. The lion's share is Russians, then Tatars come in terms of numbers, followed by Kazakhs, Ukrainians, Bashkirs and Mordovians, etc. Due to the fact that people of different nationalities coexist in Orenburg for a long time, the culture is formed under the influence of other ethnic cultures.

In general, it is worth noting that Orenburg is a friendly city. There are no ethnic conflicts here. On the contrary, very often Muslims celebrate Easter together with their Christian neighbors. Russians, in turn, also acquired some features of other peoples. For example, the national Tatar dish chak-chak is one of the favorite sweets of all Orenburg residents.

It is also worth noting that many Orenburgers know two languages, and sometimes these languages ​​are completely unrelated. Everyone knows the Russian language, because it is taught and communicated in public places. The national language is already more for the family circle, or social events that also take place in the city. Every year, various diasporas celebrate their national holidays. Especially often in the National Village. About this amazing museum open sky we'll tell you later.

Differences in the structure of employment of different nationalities are characteristic. Russians have the highest share of employment in industry. But Russians least of all work in agriculture. Unlike Kazakhs and Mordovians. Perhaps this is due to the fact that initially they were nomadic peoples and therefore they are drawn to the earth.

If we talk about the age composition, then about 17% of pensioners live in Orenburg, 67% are the able-bodied population, and the remaining 15% are children and youth. Therefore, we can safely say that the city is dominated by a young population. The average family consists of 3.3 people. There is a positive trend, as in the whole country, when a family decides to have a second, and often a third child.

Districts and real estate of Orenburg

The city of Orenburg is divided into two districts - these are the Northern and Southern administrative districts.

In addition, the city is divided into 4 districts: Dzerzhinsky, Leninsky, Industrial and Central. In addition to official names, Orenburg is divided into zones that have folk names - these are Forstadt, Syreyka, Dead City, Novostroyka, MZhK, Paris, Mayak and others. Let's talk about each region in more detail.

The most prestigious district of Orenburg is Leninist. Microdistricts of this area are called Vorshtadt, Syreyka and Paris. In addition, this area is densely populated, 179,531 people live in it. There are the most expensive apartments in the city. Due to dense development, little housing is being built, so there are many people who want to buy an apartment here, and offers are limited. On average, the cheapest 1-room apartment will cost about 1.5 million rubles. Of course, there are cheaper options, but such apartments are usually with a combined bathroom and mostly in old houses.

The most expensive housing on the streets of Chkalov and Gagarin. Today, on the website of real estate ads, you can find an apartment for 3 million rubles. It should be noted that the infrastructure is very well developed. There are schools, gardens, shops and sports complexes.

AT Central region Orenburg is home to 99,740 people (the smallest district). There are dense buildings and a lot of administrative buildings, educational and other government institutions. Housing here is also considered quite expensive. As well as in the Leninsky district, real estate is the most expensive here, an apartment can be bought for about 2,900 - 3,300 million rubles. The cheapest apartments start from 1.3 million rubles. But there are very few of them, so you can buy good one-room housing here for an average of 2 million rubles.

Industrial area Orenburg is popularly called Mayak or, less commonly, Shanghai. In the early 30s of the cities, several quarters appeared in these areas. They were located scattered, so the streets today have incomprehensible bends and it is sometimes difficult to understand where the street begins and where it ends. Buildings in the Podmayachny area, or as they say in everyday life in Shanghai, were chaotic here. The buildings were nondescript and resembled dugouts. It should be noted that in these areas there is a very acute criminal situation, so not all Orenburg residents are ready to move here.

119,003 people live in the Industrial District. Today you can buy a one-room apartment here for about 1 million rubles. Naturally, this apartment will be with a small living area, in an old house, and with a combined bathroom. Well, the most expensive 1-room apartment will cost its future owner 2 million 600 thousand rubles.

And finally, the turn came to the sleeping area of ​​​​Orenburg - Dzerzhinsky, in the people it is referred to as Stepnoy. Probably for the reason that 20 - 25 years ago there was an endless Steppe. 165,602 people live in the Dzerzhinsky district. Today it is the youngest district of Orenburg. Construction is actively underway here, and new houses are rented every year.

It is worth noting that the construction of the microdistrict MZhK began in this area - which means Youth Residential Complex. Today the area is completely built up.

Another growing microdistrict is Zvezdny, popularly referred to as the Dead City. The construction of residential buildings is very active here, and many young families buy housing under construction with a mortgage. The average price is 1 million 300 thousand rubles - 2 million 500 thousand.

I would like to point out the disadvantages of this area. It is not entirely clear how the houses are being built. There are no parking spaces for cars. If after 7 o'clock you have to come here for a visit, then it will be very difficult to find a parking place. Garages are sold nearby, but their cost is quite high. And a young family can't afford to buy such a garage. So sometimes you have to leave the car by parking it near the roadway, far from home.

Another disadvantage of the district is that there are still no kindergartens and schools here. And we have already mentioned that mainly young families with children live here. There are a lot of shopping centers and complexes, but there are practically no institutions for children.

In recent years, it has become fashionable to live on Earth, and many city dwellers are selling their apartments and moving to the villages. Near Orenburg are the villages of Kushkul, Cold Keys, Kargala station, Zeleny Luch, Rostoshi and Ovoshchevod. Active construction of new settlements near the city is underway - these are Ecodolye, Zarechye, Podgorodnyaya Pokrovka, Perovsky and Ivanovka.

I would like to tell you more about the village of Rostoshi. This village can be called a small original town, which is located in the Eastern outskirts of Orenburg. Rostoshi began to build in 1988, for employees of the Orenburggazprom enterprise. The first two streets were built by the Balts - these are miniature houses built according to the same plan, so they are all almost the same as twins. Rostoshi gradually expanded and today it is a suburban cottage village with all the advantages.

In this village, they immediately carried out all the necessary infrastructure, both for life and for entertainment. There is a swimming pool, an ice palace, a kindergarten and a school. In addition, the Temple of the Natural Sergei of Radonezh was built here.

Many houses in Rostoshi are distinguished by a variety of architectural solutions. The streets are like a suburb of a European capital.

Not everyone can afford to buy a house in Rostoshi. On average, houses here cost 10-18 million rubles. I would like to note that the cheapest houses start at 6 million rubles. The most expensive cottage with a sauna, a large living area, and a house for servants was sold in 2010 for 60 million rubles.

Not only rich people live in Rostosh, but also families with an average income. For example, those who inherited a house. And such families very often have problems with kindergartens, or rather with the lack of a municipal kindergarten. The fact is that the garden in the village is from the enterprise, and only children of Orenburggazprom employees can visit it. For ordinary kids, a visit to such a kindergarten will cost 15 thousand rubles a month (besides this, you need to pay entrance fees, which is more than 150 thousand rubles). Agree that with an average salary of 16-18 thousand rubles, not every family can afford this.

It should also be noted that there are no industrial enterprises in Rostoshi. The founder of the village, VV Nikolaev, specially founded the village away from industrial enterprises. Therefore, there is clean air here, which is also protected from dust and dirt by a ring of forest belts. Many people call Rostoshi the Orenbur Rublevka. As a rule, wealthy people live here and here you will find economy class housing.

Another unique village, in the construction of which only advanced architectural and technical solutions are used, is Ecodolie. It started building in 2007. It is assumed that everything here will be aimed at environmental friendliness and economy. So the streets in this village are not built according to the "ruler" but smoothly curved. Thanks to this, at strong winds there is no wind tunnel effect and no dust rises. In addition, visually the environment becomes more obvious.

In addition, it is planned to use solar energy for domestic needs. So far, this is only in the plans. Most likely, the installation of such equipment will greatly increase the cost of housing in Ecodolie, although it will pay off in the future.

It is worth noting that the prices for houses here are quite cheap. The house can be bought at a price two-room apartment in the city, which is acceptable for young families. Although many argue about the advantages and disadvantages of this village. So one of the minuses is that the plots where the houses are built are given only for rent, and they cannot be purchased as property. So far, there are no kindergartens or schools, so residents are forced to take their children to other microdistricts.

City infrastructure

Stations are considered to be the hallmark of any city. Therefore, I wanted to talk about these public places, from which the first impression of the city is created. It is the stations that meet and escort the guests of the city and the residents of Orenburg themselves from trips and travels. So, in the intercity bus station there is a feeling that time has stopped here. It remains only to be glad that you have to visit here extremely rarely: the appearance of the building, the level of service and comfort here leave much to be desired. The asphalt of the landing platform resembles a lunar landscape pitted with craters. Unpainted canopy supports, untidy urns - all this is in a deplorable state. The room itself has recently been renovated, but, nevertheless, they probably forgot to install air conditioners here. Considering the heat and heat, a place where you can relax while waiting for your flight is a must.

The suburban bus station also does not cause any special positive emotions: old shops under a small shed, a tiny waiting room, few buses, and a dangerous approach to them. In general, everything here needs a significant update.

The railway station is a landmark of Orenburg. It was built back in the 19th century, and the first to ride on its branch great writer Lev Tolstoy. Produced a few years ago overhaul. Therefore, the station square and the station building itself are pleasantly pleasing.

Another problem in Orenburg is traffic jams. The historical and central parts of the city were not designed for such a rapid development of the automotive industry and the availability of vehicles. Therefore, the Center very often cannot cope with city traffic during rush hours. First of all, this applies to major highways of the city: Tereshkova Street, Pobedy-Gagarin-Chkalova-Leninskaya, Postnikov, Chicherin and Maxim Gorky Avenues.

The roads of the city are in satisfactory condition. Annually held repair work. However, in the problem of traffic jams, the condition of the roads does not play a major role, in contrast to their low capacity. main reason of this problem is associated with the narrow carriageway of the highways. Another problem is the lack of adequate parking, which causes drivers to park on the side of the road and thus exacerbate the situation even more. Today, the problem of traffic jams in the Center is solved by the fact that drivers simply try to go around it.

There is also good news, at the crossroads of Gagarin Street and Prospekt Mira, an underground pedestrian crossing has begun to be built. Its need arose long ago, since this is a very busy section of the road of the regional center.

For residents of villages that are located towards the eastern Orenburg region, there is also a problem of traffic jams. So in the evening, after work, there is a traffic jam every day towards the airport. And if there is an accident, then it becomes very problematic and long to drive. This problem was practically solved, a new road was built to bypass the village of Rostoshi. However, they cannot open it. The reason is that residents of some streets in Rostoshi believe that the streets will become busier from traffic, and their children play on the streets on the roadway, and the air will worsen because of this.

They even wrote a letter with a request not to open this road to D. A. Medvedev. On the one hand, their claims are understandable, children are sacred. But I would like to clarify that there are much more children who are taken by their parents from kindergartens after a long working day, and they are forced to stand in traffic jams for hours in the heat and heat.

The main modes of transport in Orenburg are buses and gazelles. Developed taxi system. Therefore, if you need to get from one end of the city to the other, you will quickly sit down and leave in the right minibus. In this area, innovations have recently appeared: an electronic display was installed at stops, new orange buses appeared and Wi-Fi was installed in trolleybuses. Only pensioners mostly ride them, I doubt that they use a wireless network to access the Internet.

There are also quite a few educational institutions in Orenburg. And if everything is easier with schools: a child can attend a regular school, if you are not satisfied with the knowledge that is given there, you can safely send your child to a gymnasium or lyceum if you have money for this.

With kindergartens, everything is much more complicated. Today, about five thousand little Orenburg residents are waiting for their turn in kindergartens. The city authorities already, in which year, promise to solve this problem in the near future. However, in reality, everything is not as rosy as we would like. In 2012, the vault of the door opened one new kindergarten with 75 seats. New groups are opening and re-profiling primary schools for kindergartens. However, the problem is still far from being solved.

According to rumors, the opening of kindergartens is being slowed down for the reason that soon they will not be needed again. Today, mostly happy parents are those who were born in the 80s, and at that time, according to historical information, there was a birth boom in Russia. Very soon, kids will go to kindergartens - moms and dads, who were born in the post-Soviet era, and as we remember, at that time the birth rate was extremely low. Accordingly, there will also be few children. Therefore, in 5-10 years, problems with kindergartens will be solved without anyone's support or help.

Annually new year holidays overshadowed by the fact that rising tariffs for housing and communal services. Over the past decade, tariffs for heat supply have increased five times, for water supply seven times, for housing maintenance and current repairs - almost two times. The payment for housing and communal services for the majority of citizens is an exorbitant and unbearable extortion. Things are not going well and current repairs buildings. Very often, management companies try to repair as many objects as possible in a year: entrances or basements, respectively, the quality of the work performed leaves much to be desired. To improve the work of the company's managers in Orenburg, a working group was created to monitor prices and services in the housing and communal services sector. Regional and district deputies will control the state of affairs.

I would also like to note that blue fuel - gas - can be said to be the most expensive in Orenburg. Residents of houses who have gas heating, and drivers of cars and gazelles who drive gas equipment. Despite the amazing fact that gas is produced and processed in the city, and it is not transported from somewhere, the price for it is still quite high. For comparison, even in Omsk, where there is no gas processing plant, gas is many times cheaper than in Orenburg.

Businesses and work in Orenburg

Orenburg is a fairly developed city, and there are a lot of those who come here to earn money from nearby areas. At first glance, it seems that there is a lot of work in Orenburg, but in fact, without acquaintances and connections, it is quite difficult to get a job in good company. If you pick up a newspaper about employment or open a website, then you can conclude that the city requires only sellers, cashiers, masons and waiters. But not everyone is ready to go into trade or construction. So you have to look for friends in order to get a more or less suitable position.

If you take the city, then the largest number people work in public institutions: kindergartens, schools, hospitals, social institutions. The city of Orenburg is a major center of gas and oil production and processing industries. It is also called the "gas capital" of the Orenburg region. City-forming enterprise "Orenburggazprom". More than 5 thousand citizens work here.

Products with the Orenburg brand can be found in many countries of the world: Orenburg hydraulic presses and cross-planing machines, down scarves, combine, tractor, and automobile radiators, drilling equipment, electrical equipment and much more.

There are also large industrial enterprises such as Neftemaslozavod, Uralneftegazprom, Orenburg Radiator, Inverter Plant, Gidropress and Strela. If we talk about light industry, then large employers are CJSC Promsinteks, the Oriana group of enterprises, Unichel-Orenburg. CJSC TPK Orentex and OJSC Orenshal show positive dynamics in increasing production.

The problems of light industry are also known, first of all, it is a high degree of depreciation of fixed assets, lack of investment, advanced solutions and innovations, and, of course, wages. But, nevertheless, a positive trend is emerging, so let's hope that in the future there will be more light industry enterprises and they will work more productively.

It should be noted that in Orenburg, as well as throughout Russia, there is a shortage of workers, especially graduates of primary vocational education. According to the data from the total number of those who choose working specialties, 10%, so you need to understand that there is an acute shortage of locksmiths, masons and blacksmiths.

If we talk about unemployment, today about 1.5 thousand unemployed people are registered in the city, more than half of them are women (60.2%). Moreover, there are, of course, much more unregistered able-bodied citizens.

The largest shopping center in Orenburg is the Armada Mall. Today, this enterprise employs 4,500 people, which is about 1% of the city's population. A significant part of its employees are young people.

The business center "South Gate" is a business complex that combines all the best and new. It was opened in 2005. Today, on an area of ​​10,000 sq. m. there is a business hotel, a fast food restaurant, a linguistic center, a modern conference room, a fitness center, a leasing company, design organizations, a pension fund, banks, audit, appraisal and law firms. The advantage of this business center is that everything is in one place, which is undoubtedly very convenient.

Crime in Orenburg

Crime in the 90s in Orenburg resembled reports of hostilities. Then the city was even called the "gateway to Asia", due to the fact that it was shaken by criminal wars. Not even a month passed without an attempt or murder on one of the local authorities.

The first to be killed was the uncrowned king of the underworld Sergei Babnishchev, he was the owner of Orenburg for ten years, and practically built it up. After his death, an eight-meter monument appeared at the New Cemetery - a cross with the crucifixion of Christ. At first, the grave was guarded by a bandit guard. The coffin itself was ordered in Italy, a music center was built into it. Therefore, initially sad music was heard from the earth. After the death of Babnishchev, Orenburg turned into Chicago in the thirties. The city was overwhelmed with bloody showdowns and contract killings.

Following Babnitsev, such authorities as Bobon were killed (a professional sniper worked, according to rumors, he was ordered from Moscow). Then Malysh (Vyacheslav Malyshev) disappeared without a trace, the Mormon foreman Pavlov was shot. In the mansion of the latter, during a search, the opera found a prison in the basement with bunks and torture instruments. Then followed the death of all three Feofanov brothers. Following them, Pakh and businessman Izmail Geyzov were killed. By the way, according to rumors, law enforcement officers were involved in the death of the latter. They decided to show who is really the boss in the city.

The last killed authority - Zolotar - the most colorful and mysterious figure of the Orenburg criminals. His sophistication, intuition and insight in the criminal environment were legendary. However, he was shot point-blank from a Kalashnikov in August 2005. After his murder, one might say, the era of criminal wars and showdowns ended.

However, crime reports are never silent. In addition to ordinary fights, thefts and car thefts, sometimes truly shocking and resonant incidents are revealed in the life of the city.

So, in 2011, a sect was uncovered in Orenburg, which had committed indecent acts against minors for many years. Members of the group promoted an immoral and asocial lifestyle, practiced promiscuity, including with minors, and called for abandoning public institutions: schools, the family of the state. The "School of Self-Improvement" was the name of the public foundation, which was actually a criminal group. By the way, its creator is a former psychiatrist Vyacheslav Vesnin. It was he who created the "school". It's amazing where the city authorities, workers of social institutions and teachers were all this time. If for more than 10 years, under their tireless gaze, this criminal organization existed.

Another similar incident occurred in the same year. The artist of the regional Philharmonic Vyacheslav Starostenko and Honored Artist of Russia Grigory Cheblakov were sentenced for corrupting underage boys.

When a search was conducted in the apartment of one of the detainees, the detectives were very surprised that there were a lot of pedophiles in the city with gay. Recordings of photos and videos of filming were seized from the artists' apartment.

The most shocking thing about this story is that all this happened in front of the neighbors, who pretended that nothing had happened. It is worth noting that the parents also did not think about what their sons were doing, because most of them are from quite prosperous families, and the fact that they did not tell their parents about what happened to them is at least surprising. The defendants were sentenced: one to 10 years, the second to 3 years in prison.. Agree, this is a negligible term, even for one broken child's psyche and life.

Sights of the city of Orenburg

One of the multinational regions of Russia is the Orenburg region. More than 100 nationalities live in this territory. In October 2004, ex-governor A.A. Chernyshev proposed to build a cultural complex. The first farmstead was opened in 2006.

Currently, Russians, Tatars, Kazakhs, Ukrainians, Bashkirs, Mordovians, Germans, Belarusians, Armenians live in the Orenburg region. It is these farmsteads that are presented here. You can go to any of the 10 courtyards and get acquainted with the culture and life of different nationalities. The cultural complex "National Village" is, in turn, a museum symbolizing friendship, love of various peoples of the world. Here you can study the traditions, history, culture of each nation. The cultural complex promotes interethnic harmony in the region and strengthens the friendship of peoples.

The complex has become a favorite vacation spot for guests and residents of the city, and various events are also held here. Near the beautiful fountain "Friendship", which shimmers with different colors of the rainbow and along the green alleys, parents and children walk in the evenings, friends meet, couples in love walk.

The national village is located behind the monument to the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. This is also symbolic, Yu. Gagarin studied at the flight school in Orenburg. And thus, having made a flight into space, he united all the nationalities that lived on the territory of Russia.

Sovetskaya Street became a pedestrian street a couple of years ago. It doesn't even run on public transport. There are historical buildings on this street. Therefore, walking along it, you will learn a lot of new and interesting things about the history of the city. If you go up to the top, then you go straight to the embankment of the Ural River. It offers beautiful views of the Urals and Zauralnaya grove. You can also cross the border of Europe and Asia through the bridge by cable car, see the monument to the famous pilot Chkalov, the Elizabethan Gate. Not far from the embankment is the Museum of the History of the city. Here you can see ancient buildings, listen to the sound of water, enjoy the picturesque nature or just go down to the river.

Walking along the suspension bridge, you can enjoy the magnificent scenic view. You can also rent a boat here and enjoy a beautiful view of the city, or just enjoy the calm sound of the river. Previously, Belova's restaurant was located on the Ural River Embankment, which was very popular. Residents of Orenburg call the Ural River Embankment - Belovka. Currently, the restaurant is long gone, but the name is still popular.

The largest and fastest growing shopping and entertainment complex in the Orenburg region is Armada. This is about 250 different stores, from small boutiques to hypermarkets. The complex has an area of ​​150 thousand m2 and is one of the most competitive for Russia.

In Armada, you can find various fashion chains, such as: Adidas Origimals, Guess Intimissimi, Tom Tailor, Swarovski, S Oliver, Mango, Promod, LC Waikiki, New Yorker, Snow Queen. Every weekend, the shopping and entertainment complex hosts various family events. The most memorable holiday was "Night Shopping", which brought together tens of thousands of buyers and has been held for several years in a row. Here, in 2009, the Kinofresh cinema complex was opened, which contains about 9 halls. Multicomplex Kinofresh is the largest cinema in the Orenburg region.

Every child can visit the family Entertainment Center"Crazy Park" at any age. Various activities with children are also held here, for example, children can decorate plaster toys themselves while their parents are busy shopping. Currently, tens of thousands of buyers visit the Armada shopping and entertainment complex daily. Every year Armada opens more and more new departments.

Night club "Coliseum"

The nightclub "Coliseum" was opened on October 3, 2009. The club is made according to European standards. Every Friday and Saturday, as well as on holidays, there is a music format of house parties. Night club "Coliseum" has 3 entertainment zones. The most central dance floor "Arena" can accommodate 2000 people. There are various parties, events, and you can also listen to various types of music such as: Drum'nbass, Funk, Tribal House, Techno House, Progresseve House, Electro House, Deep House.

Sector A - small VIP dance floor. Here you can listen to the hits of the 80s, 90s, as well as try various cocktails from the weak to the strongest. On March 12, 2010, the MIXbar was opened, which houses: billiards, a sushi bar, a karaoke room. Here you can have a good time with your loved one and invite you to a slow dance. Every weekend, the Coliseum Nightclub gathers DJs not only from Russia, but also from various foreign countries. Every party you can feel a new atmosphere nightlife, as well as see the newest productions, shows.

General characteristics of the city of Orenburg

The city of Orenburg is the administrative center of the Orenburg region, the foundation stone of which was laid during the reign of Empress Anna Ioannovna on April 19 (30), 1743, between the Yaik and Sakmara rivers.

Orenburg was laid down three times. For the first time in 1735 - on the site of the present city of Orsk, located in the east of the modern Orenburg region. In 1739, Orenburg was moved to a new place - Krasnaya Gora, which, after some time, was also considered a place that was not very convenient. And, finally, our city began to be built on the banks of the Yaik River, later renamed the Ural.

The fate of Orenburg is unusual. It became a provincial and regional center four times, a district center three times, was renamed three times, was awarded the highest awards of the Motherland three times, was the center of the district of the Middle Volga Territory, the "steppe capital" of the Kirghiz (Kazakh) ASSR from 1920 to 1925.

Orenburg can also be called special because it is located simultaneously in two parts of the world: Europe and Asia.

Since its inception, Orenburg has carried out important state tasks to protect the southeastern borders of Russia, has been an international trade center and a conductor of the Eurasian policy of the Russian state. The Great Silk Road passed here. During the Great Patriotic War, more than 40 large industrial enterprises from the western regions of the country were evacuated to Orenburg.

The visiting card of Orenburg is the downy products of local craftswomen, the fame of which has spread all over the world. Hand patterned knitting has been common here since the 18th century. Unique Orenburg goat down shawls are unmatched. Fine workmanship, original pattern, beauty of finishing, strength and ability to retain heat are the main characteristics of Orenburg down products.

Today, Orenburg is the largest political, industrial center not only of the Orenburg region, but of the entire Ural-Volga region. Modern Orenburg is a center of science and higher education.

Remarkable architectural monuments that have been preserved since the founding of the city, monumental art, local traditions create a special unique atmosphere of the city, and rightfully allow us to consider Orenburg a unique and inimitable city with a rich and carefully preserved culture.

After the discovery of the Orenburg gas condensate field in the late 1960s, Orenburg began to actively grow and develop. It was in those years that the main volumes of the housing stock available today were erected, and the basic engineering infrastructure was created. For 50 years, the population of the city has doubled and today is over 560 thousand people.

Modern Orenburg is one of the largest industrial centers, logistics commodity and transport hubs, which is of great interest to industrialists and entrepreneurs interested in entering their products and goods on the markets of Central and Central Asia, as well as in reverse direction to the European part of Russia.

Orenburg has highly qualified labor, production and intellectual resources necessary for the development of innovative sectors of the economy, agriculture, and manufacturing industries.

Basic information about the city of Orenburg:

status - regional center, city district

area of ​​the territory - 916.91 sq. km (91.6 thousand ha)

population at the end of the year - 563.8 thousand people.

main water arteries: r. Ural, r. Sakmara

international dialing code: +7(3532)

zip code: 460000

distance to Moscow: 1478 km

time difference with Moscow: +2 hours

The territory of the city of Orenburg consists of urban lands, adjacent public lands, lands necessary for the development of the city, and other lands within its boundaries, regardless of the form of ownership and purpose.

The territory includes the territories of rural settlements:

- settlements: Berdyanka, Kargala, Nizhnesakmarsky, Samorodovo, Cold Keys;

- villages: Settlement, Krasnokholm, Ponds, Red Partisan, Trinity.

The territory of the city is divided into two territorial units - districts:

- Southern district (Leninsky, Central districts);

- Northern district (Dzerzhinsky, Industrial districts)

Orenburg is the capital of the Orenburg region in the South Ural region of Russia near the border with Kazakhstan. It is a link between Europe and Asia. The territory of Orenburg is 916.91 km2.

The city is located at 51°47¢ north latitude, 55°07¢ east longitude. Orenburg is located in the South Ural region on the Sakmar-Ural and Kindel-Sakmar watersheds.

The climate in the city is sharply continental. The average duration of the frost-free period is 147 days. According to the amount of precipitation, the region of Orenburg belongs to the zone of unstable moisture.

2,500 deposits have been explored in the bowels of the Orenburg region. More than 70 types of minerals are extracted, including gas, oil, brown coal, copper-pyrite, iron ore, rock salt, colored and rare metals, marble, jasper, sand, clay, limestone, and others. There are springs of mineral water. Almost the entire periodic table is presented in the Orenburg land.

The Orenburg gas condensate field is of particular importance. Natural gas production is carried out at Europe's largest Orenburg gas condensate hydrogen sulfide-helium field, which is characterized by multicomponent and gas saturation. The composition of the gas, in addition to methane, gas condensate, includes ethane, butane, propane, helium, hexane, pentane, methyl, nitrogen, sulfur, mercaptans.

Natural gas from the Orenburg region is supplied to many regions of the country and European countries.

The city is located at the nodal point of automobile, aviation and railway routes connecting almost all regions with the capital of Russia, the Urals and the Far East, the Black Sea coast, Central Asia, countries of near and far abroad.

Automobile roads connect Orenburg with the largest cities of Russia.

Federal roads:

entrance to the city of Orenburg from M-5 "Ural" (Samara-Orenburg) with a total length of 275 km;

Orenburg-Ilek-Uralsk - 126.8 km.

Main territorial (regional) roads:

Ufa-Orenburg - 77 km;

Orenburg-Orsk-Shilda-border of the Chelyabinsk region. - 406 km;

Orenburg-Sol-Iletsk-Akbulak-border of the Aktobe region. - 150.1 km;

Kazan-Chistopol-Bugulma-Orenburg - 276.2 km;

Bugulma-Uralsk - 337.3 km;

Orenburg bypass road (within the city) - 22.5 km.

Direct bus service operates with the cities of Kazan, Ufa, Nizhny Novgorod, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Meleuz. Twice a week, residents of the city and its guests can travel to Moscow in a comfortable bus. Flights to Germany and Poland are also organized.

The republican highway to Moscow and Kazan passes through Orenburg, reliable roads connect the city with Kazakhstan (Aktobe, Uralsk) and the Middle Urals.

In addition, daily bus service from the regional center operates with all regional centers of the Orenburg region and many nearby villages and towns.

The city of Orenburg is a major railway junction connecting Central Europe with Asia. From here, routes lead to Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, to Siberia and the Far East, to the South of Russia and to Ukraine. Trains from Moscow, Bishkek, Tashkent, Akmola, Kyiv, Minsk, Ufa, Novokuznetsk, Irkutsk, Adler, Mineralnye Vody, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Saratov, Samara pass through the regional center. Today, trains of the Orenburg formation "Orenburg-Moscow", "Orenburg-Yekaterinburg", "Orenburg-Samara" and others operate. In addition, direct compartment cars run to Adler, Minsk, Mineralnye Vody, Simferopol and Tashkent.

Suburban communication is carried out by suburban trains (in the direction of Iletsk, Akbulak and Muraptalovo) and electric trains (to the East to Orsk, Mednogorsk, Kuvandyk and Saraktash).

Located 25 kilometers from the city International airport "Central", which is part of the State Unitary Aviation Enterprise "Orenburg Airlines".

The flight geography covers the whole of Europe and Asia from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean. Main directions: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Anapa, Mineralnye Vody, Krasnodar, Sochi, CIS countries, as well as Germany, Turkey, Greece, China.

Recently, the program of charter flights has been actively expanding, work is underway to resume flights from Orenburg to traditional destinations, including the CIS countries.

Border, customs and sanitary-quarantine control of persons and aircraft performing international flights is organized at the airport. International flights are carried out: "Orenburg-Hannover", "Orenburg-Dusseldorf", "Orenburg-Tel Aviv", etc.

The population of the city of Orenburg, taking into account the rural settlements included in the city of Orenburg, is 563.8 thousand people.

Population density - 615.5 people. per kV. km. The share of the economically active population is about 52.9%, which is higher than in economically developed countries.

According to expert assessment, at the end of the year, the composition of the population by age will be distributed as follows:

of working age - 64.8%;

younger than working age - 15.5%;

older than working age - 19.7%.

Our city is multinational in terms of population. Cultural societies of Tatars, Kazakhs, Bashkirs, Germans, Ukrainians have been created and are functioning. Holidays of national cultures have become traditional. At the junction of western and Eastern cultures different religions coexist peacefully. Orthodox cathedrals and churches, churches, mosques and synagogues operate in the city.

The national composition of the population as a percentage of the total population: Russians - 82.9%, Tatars - 7.6%, Ukrainians - 2.9%, Kazakhs - 1.4%, Bashkirs - 1.0%, Mordovians - 0.6% , Germans - 0.4%, Belarusians - 0.4%, Chuvash - 0.3%, Jews - 0.2% and others - 2.3%.

At the junction of Western and Eastern cultures, different religions coexist peacefully. Orthodox cathedrals and churches, churches, mosques and synagogues operate in the city.

The geography of foreign economic and international relations of the Orenburg administration is very extensive and diverse: the USA, Poland, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, Holland, Denmark, the Czech Republic, Finland and other countries.

The city of Orenburg actively cooperates with a number of Russian and international organizations: the Russian Union of Historical Cities and Regions (ROSSIGR); The International Association of Twin Cities, etc. The closest cooperation has been established with the International Assembly of Capitals and Large Cities (IAC), which unites dozens of cities in the Russian Federation and CIS countries.

The city administration has a positive experience of interaction with trade missions and embassies of foreign states, international organizations, financial institutions. Direct contacts are established with foreign partners. On the territory of the city of Orenburg, in order to develop integration, exhibitions-fairs are constantly held with the participation of manufacturers and suppliers from various regions of Russia and the CIS countries.

Agreements on economic, scientific, technical and socio-cultural cooperation were signed between the administration of the city of Orenburg and the Prefecture of the Southwestern Administrative District of Moscow, the cities of Kazan, Ufa, Yekaterinburg, Uralsk and others; quadripartite Agreement on intermunicipal cooperation in the economic, social and cultural fields between the administrations of the municipalities "city of Orenburg", "city of Orsk", "city of Novotroitsk" and "city of Buzuluk".

The administration of the city of Orenburg concluded agreements with sister cities: Blagnac (France), Legnica (Poland), Orlando (USA), Khujand (Tajikistan).

Agricultural enterprises of the municipal formation "city of Orenburg" have available agricultural land on an area of ​​58.4 thousand hectares, of which 39.9 thousand hectares are arable land.

Today, the agro-industrial complex of the municipality "city of Orenburg" is represented by agricultural producers of various forms of ownership.

There are 12 agricultural enterprises, 29 supply marketing agricultural consumer cooperatives, 123 peasant farms, 2329 personal subsidiary plots and 36 thousand garden plots are cultivated by the townspeople.

The main task of the agricultural sector of the city of Orenburg is the uninterrupted supply of municipal institutions with environmentally friendly food products, as well as the sale of products in markets and weekend fairs for residents of the city, region and regions of Russia.

There are 49 hotel complexes in the city of Orenburg with a total capacity of more than 2,000 beds. Purposeful work is being carried out in the city to develop hotel complexes, including attracting private investment in projects for the reconstruction and construction of hotels, which will turn Orenburg into a major business center. average cost standard single room is from 1000 to 2000 rubles per day, studio rooms - from 2200 to 4000 rubles per day, deluxe rooms - from 4500 to 7800 rubles per day, apartments - 12700 - 12800 rubles per day. Also in the hotel complexes of the city there are rooms for conferences.

Banking organizations operate in the city, of which five city and regional banks (“Niko-bank”, “Orenburg”, “Rus”, “Forshtadt”), other branches of leading Russian banks (Sberbank of Russia, Avangard, Avtovazbank ”, “Bank of Moscow”, “Alfa-Bank”, “Gazprombank”, “Svyaz-Bank”, etc.)

The system of non-cash payments for plastic microprocessor and magnetic cards, which are part of the Russian and International plastic systems for ruble and foreign currency accounts, is widely developed. All banks have currency exchange offices.

The insurance market in the city is provided by a sufficient number of insurance companies, of which the most significant are: Rosgosstrakh-Povolzhye, UralSib, Our City, ROSNO, Military Insurance Company, Sogaz, Ingosstrakh and others that carry out a full range of types of insurance.

Telecommunications is one of the fastest growing areas of technological progress. Computer telecommunications, Internet, cellular- all these Information Technology can significantly increase the efficiency of the workflow.

Companies such as Rostelecom, Megafon, Beeline, Mobile TeleSystems, Corbina Telecom, and others operate in the telecommunications and communications market of the city of Orenburg, providing all possible types of services in this industry.

Currently, 2692 stationary trade and public catering enterprises, more than 1000 non-stationary trade network enterprises, 23 markets, 15 shopping malls and 1 market-fair operate in the city.

The industry plays a significant role in attracting investment and creating new jobs. More than 70 thousand people work at trade and public catering enterprises, which is about 20% of the total number of people employed in the city's economy. Every year new jobs are created in these areas, which makes consumer market one of the main sources of employment of labor resources in the city's economy.

The share of locally produced goods in the assortment list of goods in the food segment remains approximately at the level of 25%.

The market of the city of Orenburg is of interest to many large retailers and operators who, having mastered large cities, will soon look for an opportunity to enter the markets of cities with a population of more than 500 thousand people.

Food and processing industry enterprises, whose goods are not represented in large retail chains, will look for new sales markets and strive to develop their network of branded stores in the "walking distance" format.

The city of Orenburg is a regional center, which is a kind of "junction" between Europe and Asia, which is visited by a large number of different categories of the population, and therefore there is a need to provide a wide format of trade and catering services.

Currently, more than 2,500 organizations provide household services to the population (including individual entrepreneurs) with a receiving network and branches.

Among them: service stations - 312, ateliers - 103, dry cleaners - 42, hairdressers and salons - 533, repair shops household appliances- 109, funeral services - 53, pawnshops - 64, photo service salons - 88, shoe repair shops - 138.

Small business plays a decisive role in the development of consumer services for the population.

In recent years, Orenburg has seen a steady increase in the volume of sales of personal services.

There is a growing demand for services, the main consumers of which are groups of the population with high and middle incomes.

In the period from 2012 to 2014, it is expected to build more than 30 consumer services and services in the city of Orenburg.

Infrastructure of housing and communal services.

The total area of ​​the housing stock is 11987 thousand square meters. m, including the area under the control of managing organizations and HOAs - 9022 thousand square meters. m or 75% of the total volume. Of these, the share of the housing stock in municipal ownership of 1036.2 thousand square meters. m or 11.5%. Quantity apartment buildings- 4565 units.

There are 220 organizations working in the field of management and maintenance of the housing stock, including:

in the field of management - 27 managing organizations private form property;

118 HOA and 35 housing cooperatives.

At present, the regional target program "Modernization of communal infrastructure facilities of the Orenburg region for the period 2012-2016" has been formed. In order to participate in the program for organizing the communal complex, Orenburg Heat Generating Company OJSC and Orenburg Vodokanal LLC are developing investment projects.

Within the framework of the signed Agreement of the Ministry of Regional Development and City Administration dated 09.03.2010 No. 27/2010 “On the implementation of the Project “Reform of Housing and Communal Services in Russia”, the first stage of the Housing and Utilities Reform program has been completed. An investment plan has been developed.

Investments will be directed to:

reconstruction of the South Ural water intake;

reconstruction of treatment facilities;

technical re-equipment of central heating points;

replacement of street lighting lamps with LED lamps.

Since 2009, the municipal targeted program “Step-by-step transition to the supply of utility resources to consumers in accordance with the readings of collective (common house) metering devices has been operating.

The municipal education system of the city of Orenburg is a developed network of institutions of various types and kinds. The system ensures the availability of preschool, general, special (correctional), additional education for students, the placement of children who have lost parental care.

There are 85 general education schools in the city of Orenburg with 49,200 students.

Of the 85 general education schools, 82 are municipal, including: 8 lyceums, 7 gymnasiums, 8 schools with in-depth study of individual subjects, 1 general education boarding school with initial flight training.

The most important component of the educational space of the city is the system of additional education for children. There are 18 institutions of additional education in the city, 58853 pupils are engaged in them, 1883 teachers of additional education work.

The city has an integrated system of preschool education. This system education ensures the availability of preschool educational services and is represented by 131 institutions.

In 2011, after a major overhaul, 2 preschool educational institutions were put into operation: kindergarten No. 118 for 240 children and kindergarten No. 35 for 280 children. An additional 220 places were introduced in existing kindergartens due to the internal redevelopment of the premises.

The implementation of the priority national project "Education" continues successfully. Innovative educational programs, the best teachers, talented youth are actively supported.

The informatization of education is also a priority. One of the main directions in the development of general education is the improvement of catering for students in general education institutions.

Healthcare of the city of Orenburg today is represented by 17 municipal health care institutions, which include:

55 outpatient departments for 9035 visits per shift;

4 medical and obstetric points;

3 medical outpatient clinics;

2 rural district hospitals;

11 round-the-clock hospitals with a bed capacity of 3258 beds, incl. for children 884.

A new area of ​​work is the implementation of the Healthcare Modernization Program, which includes the overhaul of a number of health care institutions, the provision of medical equipment, the introduction of modern information systems in health care, the introduction of standards for the provision of medical care and increasing the availability of outpatient care, including that provided by medical specialists.

To provide quality and affordable medical care the population of the city of Orenburg and the development of the industry in the future, it is necessary to build new outpatient clinics (4 polyclinics for adults, 2 for children, antenatal clinic), an increase in therapeutic beds in round-the-clock hospitals.

For the development of rehabilitation structures for children, it is necessary to overhaul or build new buildings in the suburban area "Dubki" (department of rehabilitation treatment of MAUZ "DGKB" in Orenburg) and the allocation of the first floor for the organization of a rehabilitation department for children who underwent surgical treatment of congenital heart defects, in the case of building a building on the street. Red Banner.

The structure of bodies and institutions of social protection of the population of the city of Orenburg includes 5 institutions of the department of social protection of the population, MCU "Center for Social Assistance to Families and Children", MCUSO "Social Orphanage for Children" Luchik ", MCU "Center for Social Payments of the City of Orenburg", MBU " Comprehensive Center for Social Services to the Population" - 4 institutions, MBUSON "Rehabilitation Center for Children and Adolescents with handicapped"Prothalinka".

More than 180 thousand people are covered by various measures of social support. Much attention is paid to the issues of social services for the population, and equally to the elderly, the disabled and families with children.

Within the framework of the “Program for the formation of a living environment accessible to people with limited mobility”, measures are being taken to provide disabled people with equal opportunities with all citizens in using residential and public buildings, receiving services from social and cultural institutions by creating conditions for accessibility to all spheres of public life (installation ramps, handrails, call buttons, etc.).

Every year, more than 21,000 residents of the city are provided with material assistance in the form of cash payments and in kind.

In the structure of the department for culture and art of the administration of the city of Orenburg, there are 20 institutions with over 700 employees.

Within the framework of the program "Development of culture and art of the city of Orenburg for 2010 - 2012", projects were developed for the restoration of objects of cultural heritage of federal significance: the building of the Guardhouse (Museum of the History of Orenburg), the monument to V.I. Lenin on the square of the same name and the monument to V.I. Lenin in the park to them. Lenin, as well as the restoration of a cultural heritage site of regional significance - the building of the Children's Art School at 24 Parkovoy Ave. Currently, restoration work is underway in the building of the Guardhouse.

In 2012, the budget provides financial resources for the modernization of municipal libraries. It is planned to carry out activities for the design and creation of a unified information and telecommunication system of the MBU "Library Information System" in Orenburg, which will improve the quality of services provided to the public in the field of library services.

A significant event in the cultural life of the city of Orenburg in 2012 will be the X Orenburg International Competition for Young Performers. L. and M. Rostropovich. Since 2010, this music forum, founded by the administration of the city of Orenburg, has been a member of the Association of Russian Music Competitions.

In the city of Orenburg there are 7 municipal budgetary educational institutions of additional education for children of children's and youth sports schools, 1 municipal budgetary educational institution additional education for children, the specialized children's and youth sports school of the Olympic reserve No. 4 "Ural", the municipal budgetary institution the central sports complex "Orenburg", the municipal budgetary institution the sports and recreation complex "Kommunalshchik", the municipal autonomous institution the sports and recreation complex "Zauralnaya Grove". In December of this year, it is planned to complete the construction of the second stage of the sports and recreation complex at the MBU CSK Orenburg.

In 2011, the city hosted a number of major competitions of the All-Russian and international scale, among them: the stage of the European Cup in judo, the Russian Championship in boxing among juniors, the All-Russian tournament in freestyle wrestling "Carpet of Hopes" dedicated to Victory Day, the European Championship in boxing among girls and girls and others.

The final stage of the Sports Summer 2011 was the sports festival on 6 courtyards, under the motto "Beloved city - a healthy generation", which was attended by about 800 children, adolescents and residents of the city.

Work with the population of the city of Orenburg on physical culture and recreation and sports activities in 2012 will be carried out on the basis of the adopted long-term target program "Development of physical culture and sports in the city of Orenburg for 2011-2013".

The city administration pays special attention to the issues of ecology, forestry and water management. In the new structure of the administration, the department of environmental protection has been separated into an independent subdivision, the powers of which have been significantly expanded.

Green spaces play an important role in improving the ecological situation in the city. The planted area in the city is 2.2 thousand hectares, but a significant part of them requires replacement and constant rejuvenating pruning. Therefore, it was decided to develop and implement the city's comprehensive program "Orenburg - a green city", which should provide for the targeted location of landscaping objects and the calculation of greenery indicators for the territory in the future, i.e. take into account further population growth and growth in the number of vehicles.

The proposals of Russian and foreign developers of technologies for waste processing of municipal solid waste were studied. The administration of the city of Orenburg, when choosing a technology for the disposal of municipal solid waste, is guided by the following requirements: ensuring a minimum or complete absence of harmful emissions into the atmosphere of the city, maximum selection of secondary resources and their processing for sale on the market, and a minimum increase in the tariff for the removal of solid waste for the population.

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