DIY garden shredder: two simple designs and their comparison with finished products. Homemade grass chopper Do-it-yourself chopper of plant residues

Specificity horticultural work in many cases, it is associated with the utilization of green mass - branches, stems of plants, grass and leaves. The simple destruction of waste is irrational, since it can be used to make high-quality fertilizer or use it to heat the stove. To lay such waste in compost pits, it is necessary to bring the mass to the most compact state so that the humus ripening process occurs faster and better. Branch shredding fruit trees, stems and leaves of plants by hand - a long and time-consuming procedure. Every gardener who has ever encountered this problem has thought about the possibilities of mechanizing the process.

There are devices that specialize in this task, which are called shredders (shredders, chippers). They are quite effective, they allow you to quickly and easily turn a mountain of branches or grass stalks into a crushed homogeneous mass, which is compactly stored in compost pits. The only problem is the high cost of such devices. Considering that the need for them arises a couple of times throughout the year, it is not advisable to bear significant expenses. The way out is obvious - you need to make a branch chopper with your own hands. This solution will require some expenditure of money and labor, but as a result, the shredder will be much cheaper and will allow you to perform exactly the operations that the owner needs most.

The main components of the chopper

The design of the grinder consists of several elements:

• Crushing mechanism;
• Bunker;
• Drive unit;
• Frame with casing (body).

Some chopper samples have additional nodes:

• A mechanism for promoting material;
• Sieve for primary sorting of crushed mass;
• Receiving hopper for shredded waste.

The main structural elements are the grinding mechanism and the drive. It is they who perform the task, and the remaining nodes serve to increase efficiency or perform additional functions. The task performed by the drive is simple and monotonous - it ensures the rotation of the working shaft. The functions that the grinder performs are somewhat more complicated and depend on its design. Let's take a closer look at them:

chopping mechanism

This node produces the destruction of the green mass with the help of cutting tool mounted on a rotating shaft. There are several factory options for the design of grinding mechanisms:

• Knife disk. Reminds the principle of operation of a vegetable cutter in food processor. The knives are mounted on a flat disc in the direction from the center to the edges of the disc, the feed of the crushed material is carried out at an angle of about 30 ° to the surface. Designed for processing relatively thin branches and stems up to 2 cm in diameter.

  The disc-knife unit is able to chop grass and branches up to 2 cm thick

• Milling design. The cutting body is a knife shaft from an electric planer, a set of cutters or circular saws mounted on a common shaft and separated by washers. There is another type of construction of this type, consisting of two identical knife shafts rotating synchronously. The shafts are adjusted so that the knives meet at one point on the front surface of rotation, which helps to push the material into the machine. The design is capable of processing material up to 8 cm in diameter, but it is not recommended to work with damp branches or tree trunks, since the chips from them are elastic and quickly clog the shredder passages.

  The milling design allows processing branches up to 8 cm thick, however, the material used must be dry

• Milling-turbine knife design. It is a kind of knife shaft, but having a conical shape. The knives are mounted on two hoops located along the edges of the cutting surface, which facilitates the manufacture of the working body and reduces metal consumption. The unit is able to work with dry or wet material, different sizes or hardness - depending on the size of the cutting body.

  The milling and turbine design allows you to cope with branches of almost any diameter.

For self-production, the most convenient:

• Two-roll constructions, consisting of jointer-type working rollers with 4 knives each.
• Disc design.
• A package of circular saws (as an option, from milling cutters for wood, established themes in the same way - on a common shaft).

The choice of one or another option is made based on their own capabilities and preferences. In addition, equipment, machine tools, which make it possible to manufacture and assemble a certain version of the cutting body, play an important role. If you do not have your own machines, the necessary parts should be ordered from a turner, which will cost a certain amount of money, but the result will be quite professionally done.

Engine type and power

To rotate the working shaft, electric or gasoline (diesel) engines are used. The choice of drive is determined by its presence, degree of power, site capabilities. For the operation of the electric motor, you must have a connection to the network (and if the motor is three-phase, then the situation becomes somewhat more complicated), while gasoline engines are able to operate more autonomously. There is another advantage of gasoline engines - they allow you to adjust the speed of rotation of the working shaft by changing the fuel supply, while electrical devices operate at a single speed. In addition, the power of gasoline devices is usually much higher, although there are also electric motors with high power. To create a universal machine capable of working with material of different sizes and strengths, it is recommended to use a motor capable of developing a power of about 4 kW. This value is determined empirically and makes it possible to process almost any type of material at home.

How to make a garden wood shredder

The process of creating a shredder takes place in stages and consists of the following steps:

• Selecting the type of working body, creating a working drawing.
• Order parts from specialists. If it is possible to perform machine work, this item is automatically canceled.
• Collection of necessary materials and tools.
• Manufacture of parts, assembly and testing of the device.

The creation of a working drawing is necessary for a more detailed idea of ​​the dimensions, connection methods and other parameters of nodes and structural elements. Moreover, some parts will have to be ordered from a turner, which in any case will require a well-executed drawing.

The first step is to choose the type of cutting body. It is determined by the capabilities of the owner, the nature of the upcoming actions, the composition and parameters of the material, the volume and duration of the work. It is necessary to take into account the complexity of replacing, adjusting and sharpening the cutting tool, its durability, the ability to grind different types green mass. In addition, it is necessary to be able to order or manufacture independently one or another type of working unit. The design with two knife shafts is considered the most effective. But for its manufacture, you will need two absolutely identical shafts connected to each other. gear train providing synchronous rotation.

The knot is difficult not only to manufacture, but also to set up knives.

They need to be sharpened periodically, installed on the shaft, which is a rather difficult task.

More simple option design is a flat blade disc.

The main advantage of this option is the ability to dispense with the manufacture of the drive shaft by installing the disk directly on the motor shaft. The disk does not require a lot of space for planting, therefore, only the manufacture of a disk and a protective casing with a guide screen to organize the release of chips is required.

The cutting element, which is a set of circular saws or flat wood cutters, is quite simple to make from a drive shaft for a circular saw.

You can simply convert an existing circular saw with a 32 mm shaft, which is suitable for mounting medium-sized saw blades. Alternatively, flat cutters for wood can be used, the landing diameter of which is also 32 mm. IN this case you only need to install a protective cover and a guide device for compact chip ejection.

Self-manufacturing of a chopper is an event that requires certain tools and materials. You will need:

• Sheet metal for the manufacture of casing, bunker, protective screens.
• Steel angle or channel to create a shredder frame.
• Fasteners - bolts with nuts, necessary for connecting protection elements, installing a working body, etc.
• Welding machine with electrodes.
• Electric drill with a set of drills.
• Bulgarian, hacksaw for metal.
• Ruler, tape measure, scriber for marking.
• Kerner, hammer.
• Kit wrenches, screwdriver, pliers.
• Can of paint, brush.

The above list is not exhaustive, depending on the designer's intention, other materials or tools may be useful.

How to make a shredder:

1. A frame is assembled from a corner or channel.
2. A cutting body is installed on the frame.
3. A platform for mounting the electric motor is attached with tensioner. If you plan to use a gasoline engine, the mounting is based on its design.
4. Pulleys are installed, the drive belt is tensioned.
5. The protective cover is assembled and fixed on the frame.
6. It is recommended not to fasten the guiding device for the ejection of the crushed material immediately, but to check the installation in operation. Sometimes it turns out that the chips fly off too far, which is inconvenient for the owner and heavily pollutes the site. Empirically, the reflector is installed in the optimal position, after which it is finally attached.
7. Assembled and tested in the work, the device is painted to give accuracy and elegant appearance.

It often turns out that an error has crept into the working drawings, which worsens the performance of the installation. Usually the case concerns the shape of the body, which contributes to the jamming of chips in narrow places or irregular shape reflector. The consequence of this is excessive throw or dispersion, or vice versa, the accumulation of crushed material at the exit due to obstructions caused by incorrect reflector configuration. It is recommended not to assemble it completely right away, but first to make a trial run of the installation and eliminate the detected shortcomings.

Video: how to make a shredder

Crusher for branches from improvised means

Some craftsmen use ready-made devices as a basis, for which you only need to make additional elements or details. Instead of powerful stationary engines, you can use an electric drill or grinder. Consider the most common options for manufacturing crushers:

From the washing machine

An activator-type "washer" is an excellent "semi-finished product" for making a homemade shredder. It will be necessary to dismantle the activator, install a knife on the motor shaft, which has a size slightly smaller than the diameter of the inside of the tank. The principle of operation of the knife is similar to that used in a coffee grinder - a horizontally mounted plate with sharpened edges. A hole is made in the lower side of the tank, to which the outlet casing is attached. During the operation of the grinder, chips will enter it. The design is quite simple and reliable, tested many times in practice.

Engine washing machine has a low power, rarely exceeding 500 watts, therefore, with the help of such equipment, it is possible to grind only straw or grass

From Bulgarian

To make a shredder from a grinder, you will need a metal container, in the central part of the bottom of which a hole is made for installing a knife. The axis of the grinder is passed through this hole, a knife is installed on it. The tool itself is fixed in a stationary state so that the knife rotates freely without touching the walls of the container. The rotation speed of the tool is quite high, so it is recommended to set it to a minimum so as not to get a "mashed" green mass at the exit.

From a drill

In order to use the drill as a grinder, you will need a stand (usually it is recommended to use a regular stool with a 12 mm hole in the center of the seat). A bucket with a similar hole in the bottom is installed on top; for immobility, it is attached to the stool with self-tapping screws. The knife, the size of which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the bucket, is mounted on an axle inserted into a bushing with a bearing. The sleeve is attached from below to the stool. A drill with a self-locking chuck is attached to the axis and started. The device is suitable for processing green mass in small volumes.

A homemade shredder for branches or grass stalks allows you to speed up the process of cutting material before laying it in compost pit or oven, mulching the soil and when carrying out other works. The cost of creating a shredder is much lower than the cost of purchasing a finished product, and many design options from improvised materials and elements allow you to choose best option for this estate. Considering the episodic nature of the use of such a crusher, making a do-it-yourself installation is a profitable and uncomplicated undertaking, and the efficiency of the shredder depends only on the thoroughness of the work.

To make a garden shredder with your own hands, it is very important not only to understand its principle of operation, but also to know how it works. Otherwise, it will be almost impossible to make the correct drawings and assemble a home-made convenient grinding machine into a single design.

Types of garden shredders and their purpose

Standard design all garden shredders are in most cases similar, and represented by the following components:

• motor;
• working shaft with knives;
• metal frame;
• receiving box;
• protective cover.

The design of the grinder is mounted on a standard two-wheel base, which makes it convenient and easy to move. The device allows you to quickly dispose of various garden waste in the form of plant stems, wood waste, fallen leaves, as well as branches and grass or apples and other fruits that have fallen from trees. As a result of the processing of wood or plant debris, you can get a useful and very effective fertilizer for plant nutrition, the value of which is not lower than some types of manure.

Currently, a fairly rich assortment of such equipment is on sale, but the models on the market differ in technical parameters. To choose the right unit, you need to decide on the goals and operating conditions:

• knife models, characterized by the installation of the engine on the shaft of a metal disk. The design has a pair or more knives, and the speed and quality of the grinding performed depend on the engine power and the material of the knives. The advantage of such grinding methods is the high-quality processing of soft or freshly cut wood. Also, such a wood crusher helps to get rid of small bushes and dried stem parts. annual plants. It should be remembered that the knife cutting machine grinds fresh branches with a diameter of not more than 4 cm and dry branches up to 2.5 cm thick.
• milling models they are similar to a knife branch cutter, but a powerful steel milling cutter, represented by a coarse gear, is mounted on the motor shaft. Rotation is performed at a low speed, which makes it easy to grind even fairly thick and dry branches, as well as tree bark. It is not advisable to use such a crusher for crushing fresh or thin branches;
• universal branch cutter is able to work equally effectively with any kind of crushed material. This technique is equipped with a universal turbine cutter. The principle of operation lies in the phased grinding mechanisms.

The next classification of garden shredders is the difference in the type of material, used to make the case:

• metal version;
• plastic option.

Power ratings and performance levels, allows subdivide garden shredders into the following types of models:

• household type;
• professional type;
• semi-professional type.

When choosing, you should focus not only on the size of the branches, but also on the age characteristics of garden plantings. The amateur version of the aggregates is suitable for processing the thinnest branches and young plants. To grind thick branches, apply professional models.

How to choose a garden shredder (video)

We make garden shredders of branches, stems and grass with our own hands: drawings, device, installation steps

The most commonly produced disc version is based on saws. It is necessary to purchase a dozen and a half hard steel blades with nozzles for teeth.

• select or make a set of steel washers for distributing disks along the shaft. The standard gap between the saws should not be more and not less than a centimeter.
• put discs with washers on the machined shaft, placing the teeth with an offset or randomly, which will extend the life of the structure;
• weld a reliable frame from corners and channels, after which, in the lower part, install a foundation base for installing an electric motor;
• organize pedestals on transverse structures for the installation of ball bearings with a fixed working shaft;
• to equip a working durable hopper for grinding with reliable walls and a base plate or a passive knife;
• organize a bell for the supply of branches, necessary to direct the material into the grinder and protect hands from injury.

In the process of pruning garden plantings, it is not recommended to mix branches and other woody debris. With separate grinding, quite decent firewood is obtained, and processing is carried out into wood chips for a home smokehouse. It is allowed to make a chopper based on a chainsaw, but the creation of such a design option is quite time consuming.

How to make a homemade apple chopper

In addition to the wood chipper, an efficient and fairly productive apple chopper is very popular in home gardening. Such an assembly is not too difficult to perform, guided by the following recommendations:

• from sheet metal d 80 mm on a lathe, make exit steps for the shaft and for bearings;
• on the milling machine a toothed shaft is made with triangular notches along the entire length of the teeth;
• for the manufacture of the body, the outer steel part of an old top-loading washing machine, welded into a one-piece box, can be used;
• making a small gap in the box, which falls on the distance between the working shaft and the housing wall;
• for smooth rotation of the shaft and its reliable fastening, standard bearing assemblies from a circular are used;
• welding from the corners of the support frame and making wooden base to install a container for receiving the mass leaving the grinder;
• the use of special ballasts for the arrangement of the control unit, which will allow turning the equipment on and off;
• fixing the belt with a special bolt and screwing the handle and rollers onto the frame, which simplifies the operation of the unit.

At the final stage, on the upper corners of the frame, with the help of bolts, the body is fixed. The electric motor is located in the side of the structure.

How to make a grass chopper with your own hands (video)

Making a garden chopper for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands

An efficient branch shredder for a walk-behind tractor can significantly reduce the amount of plant debris in the garden. The prefabricated wood shredder is perfect for any type of walk-behind tractors and motor cultivators with a belt drive from the engine pulley to the gearbox pulley.

For self-production, you will need to use the materials and tools presented:

• walk-behind tractor;
• knives from an electric planer;
• pulley and shaft;
• bearings;
• channel;
• sheet metal 3 mm thick;
• bolts, nuts and washers;
• welding machine;
• grinder;
• hammer;
• a set of keys;
• pliers;
• drill.

Self-manufacturing technology:

• we weld the base from the channel and install a fixed knife;
• we carry out a drive shaft with knives from an electric planer;
• we install the pulley on the shaft with the cutting device, which will allow it to be driven by a belt drive from the walk-behind tractor;
• We weld and install a receiving hopper for crushing plant debris.

At the final stage, we install the grinding unit on the front of the walk-behind tractor and pull the belt drive onto the pulley.

How to use crushed biomass as fertilizer

As biomass for fertilizers, crushed mass of cardboard, kitchen waste and plant debris are used. This is a great alternative to purchased fertilizers. Very important properly prepare the biomass for use in home gardens and horticultural plots as a highly effective top dressing. For this purpose, special composters or standard compost heaps are used.

At the very bottom of the compost heap, a mass is laid, represented by crushed thick shoots of perennial plants. From above, such a layer is covered with a small amount of already mature compost or fertile soil. Then shredded waste of plant origin is poured in layers. It is necessary to pour each layer with a two-centimeter layer garden soil with dolomite or chalk at the rate of a couple of kilograms for each cubic meter compostable mass.

As a result of natural processes occurring inside the composted mass, a valuable fertilizer is formed, which can be used in almost unlimited quantities to improve the quality characteristics of the soil in the backyard area or to feed the cultivated garden plants. Compost can be applied to the soil throughout the growing season, but the best effect can be obtained when applied in spring and in autumn period.

Around perennials and garden plantations, as well as in flower beds and flower beds, compost biomass is poured in a layer of 20-50 mm and slightly mixed with the soil. To improve the condition lawn grass it is enough to pour a centimeter layer.

How to make a garden shredder with your own hands (video)

Self-made shredders for grass, falling fruits and any other plant debris are today very reliable helpers for gardeners and gardeners. With the help of such equipment, it is possible not only to quickly and easily clear the backyard of debris, but also to obtain high-quality and very effective, environmentally friendly fertilizer.

Self care personal plot involves painstaking and laborious work. Otherwise, you will get some kind of jungle and slums on your particular site. To prevent this from happening, you need to constantly pruning trees, cleaning grass, fertilizing the soil with organic matter, watering vegetation and many other operations that will ensure beauty, order and harvest in the garden. The question arises of what to do with the grass and branches gathered on the site. It can be collected in a heap and burned, after which ash can be used as top dressing. But it’s better to chop, put in a compost pit and get an excellent, free organic fertilizer for your area. How to do it? First of all, you need to determine the scope of work. If this is a small pile of grass and branches, and your site takes up little space, then it is quite possible to do hand tool- cut. This is a triangular plate made of 65G alloyed tool steel. The bottom edge needs to be sharpened. The convenience and productivity of your work depends on its sharpness.

For convenient use, the cut is equipped with a long handle, then you can cut the grass without bending over. Everything that needs to be chopped is laid on a soft surface in a small layer. By reciprocating blows, the grass and branches are cut into small pieces for further use. It is not recommended to chop raw materials on a solid base due to the rapid failure of the sharpening of the cut. This is a fairly effective and simple method, depending on the amount of processing. If there is a large amount of grass and branches, it is better to use the special technique presented in this video.

Of course, there are a lot of special equipment in stores, but talented people always strive to make it on their own, then it is more pleasant to work with it and the money saved can be used for a lot of useful acquisitions.

It would be quite possible to buy an agricultural unit for chopping grass and branches, because most gardeners do not like to grind them manually, but the cost of such an apparatus will significantly hit your pocket, which is why we offer you options for creating a homemade grass and twigs chopper.

Homemade grass and branch chopper with a drill

Let's start with the elementary. To grind grass and branches, we will not invent something super ingenious, but we will use an electric drill. Preparing to create such a simple device will take you a little time and effort. First of all, you need to have:

• dual-mode electric drill with a power of at least 850 W;

• bearing 202 with housing;

• shaft for attaching a knife;

• hacksaw knife;

• stool;

• regular bucket.

The process of chopping grass resembles a vegetable cutter. Assembly of the device is simple. In the old stool we drill a hole with a diameter of 12 mm, on the reverse side with countersunk head bolts we fasten the housing with a 2o2 bearing. We install a bucket on the stool, having previously drilled a hole of the same diameter in the center of the bottom. We fasten the bucket with screws to the stool. We install the shaft in the seat of the bearing and fasten the knife, previously made of high-speed steel R18. Further, from the bottom of the stool to the shaft shank through a quick-clamping chuck, we attach a two-mode drill. Chopper is ready. We put raw materials in the bucket and start the drill. The grass is crushed to the required size. After the drill is turned off and the bucket is cleared of the finished mulch. The design is designed for a small amount of processing. After the work is completed, we remove the drill and use it for other tasks.

Particular attention should be paid to the manufacture and sharpening of the knife, which should be one-sided. The sharpened plane of the knife must be oriented downwards. For chopping fresh herbs, it is best to use a diamond-shaped knife. It will be a narrow rhombus, the cutting edge of which is made at an angle to the edges. It is also possible to round the blade. Then the grass under the influence of centrifugal force will slide along the cutting edge of the knife straight to the edge. With such sharpening, it will be easily crushed and not wound around the knife.

An electric drill can be used to grind grass in the simplest way. We take a large bucket, you can use Litol-24 grease, with a capacity of 17 liters. We put grass in it. On a bar with a diameter of 10-12 mm, we cut a thread and install a cutting tool. Then we insert the rod into the cam chuck of the drill and grind the grass in the bucket. It should be noted that this is a rather unsafe method, so if you decide to use an electric drill, take advantage of the previously proposed option. It will require a little more effort, but this method is less traumatic.

Another option for using small-scale mechanization is to use an angle grinder, or simply a grinder, to make a garden shredder. As in others homemade devices We use an old container as a bunker. We drill a hole in the bottom to install the cutting tool. We make a metal base and adapt the grinder for it, securing it with clamps, as shown in the photo.

The next option for making a chopper for grass and branches is a more modernized device.

Homemade grass and branch shredder from an old vacuum cleaner

The principle of operation of the new mechanism does not differ from the previous version. But the main advantages of the design using the Typhoon vacuum cleaner are stationary placement, increased productivity and efficiency in collecting the crushed product. The use of the body and engine of the above device is optional, it is simply the best fit for making a grass and twig chopper with your own hands. In the absence of a Typhoon vacuum cleaner, you can be smart and adapt a different brand of device to the mechanism.

The new chopper, unlike the previous one, in which the grass was already in a bucket with knives, provides for the supply of raw materials and the removal of finished silage through the lower side opening. To reduce the scattering of grass in its design, a protective casing is made, which directs the silage to the receiving container. As a rule, a basin or bucket is used for it. This must be taken into account when selecting the height of the racks for the unit.

We use the body of the vacuum cleaner as a receiving container. To drive the cutting knives, an electric motor from an old 180 W washing machine is ideal. Knives are made from old hacksaws. For the frame, you can use a corner 25x25x3. We manufacture the knife mounting sleeve, 40 mm long, on a lathe.

We remove the pulley from the electric motor and fix it with studs from the bottom of the tank. It is advisable to use M32 nuts as a reliable fastening of the knives. During the manufacture of bushings, threads are cut. In addition, it is necessary to drill two holes and cut the M8 thread for the fixing bolts. On the motor shaft, special areas are ground for secure fixation of the bushing with stoppers.

At a height of 15mm bushings with an angle grinder, we make a square section with a side of 25 mm for installing knives. After that, we proceed to the manufacture of knives, for this we cut 4 plates from the hacksaw blade. In the center of each of them we make a square hole with a size of 25x25. The task is to ensure that the knife fits snugly on a pre-prepared seat on the shaft. We select the width of the knife depending on its thickness and rigidity. We sharpen knives on grinding machine. We fix the sleeve with locking bolts above the knives.

It is desirable to make an outlet for chopped grass under the knives, but if this is not technically possible, it is made in the side. To do this, cut a square hole 7x7 cm with an angle grinder. We bend the guides for the silo exit from thin metal and fasten them to the grinder with M3 bolts.

The base of the device must be as stable as possible, primarily for the safety of the electric motor. It is attached to the chopper with 6x45 bolts. For ease of use and protection of the electric motor, we sew the base with sheet metal 0.8 mm thick using metal screws.

You can make a grass and branch chopper from the body and some parts of an old washing machine. Such a product will be no less effective than its industrial counterpart.

Homemade grinder for grass and branches from the washing machine

The basis of operation of such a chopper resembles the principle of operation of a food processor.

The design is based on several fairly sharp knives, which, rotating with high speed, carry out the grinding of plant debris. The knives themselves are placed in a special container.

Preferably, this container has a cylindrical shape.

The upper part of the chopper must necessarily have a container in which grass or branches will be placed.

In the side of the apparatus, it is necessary to design a second hole through which the recycled material will flow.

In order for the resulting composition not to scatter over the nearby area, a special box is used to close the hole and direct the raw material into the prepared container (receiver).

An ordinary tin bucket can be used as a receiver. In this case, it is necessary to consider the size of the racks for supporting the structure so that the bucket fits freely under it.

Chopper of grass and branches from what was

Knowing how to make a grass cutter with your own hands, you can make it simply from what is in the barn and has been shifted from place to place for a long time, because it is a pity to throw it away.

An electric motor with a speed of 30 rpm and adapted to a 220V power supply can also use a conventional asynchronous motor, but then it will have to be redone, which is also possible.

1. Any round container of suitable size.
2. P18 high-speed steel or hacksaws for wood, for the manufacture of cutting tools.
3. Start button, or PNVS from an old washer.
4. Wire with plug.

That's all it takes. With the knowledge gained in our article, you can easily assemble a grass and branch chopper yourself.

straw chopper

If earlier we considered grass and branch shredders, then the presented video shows a straw cutter. A device that can be very useful in housekeeping.

Electric grass and branch shredder

The electric grass and branch shredder requires increased attention during operation and mandatory compliance with safety rules.

The sharp blades inside the machine can cause injury that could be hazardous to your health if not handled carefully.

For an electric chopper you will need:

• The body of the old washing machine and the engine from it;
• Old saw;
• Bushings, nuts, bolts and other materials for fastening structural parts;
• The lower container for receiving the received raw materials (any pan or bucket);
• Bulgarian, hammer, screwdrivers;
• Stool legs.

Do-it-yourself grass and branch chopper important little things

We propose to consider in more detail the principle of assembling a homemade chopper for grass and branches:

Top container

Bulgarian cut off the rounded part from the washing machine or take a regular saucepan and cut a hole on the side for the exit of the processed material. Sheathe the side opening with metal sheets.

Attach the knives to the bottom of the container.

Knives and racks

Knives for chopping vegetable debris can be made from pieces of an old saw.

The posts that hold the structure are made of durable, stable material, the width of which is set by you, the legs from an old stool are perfect.

The chopping knives are fixed on a special sleeve, which can be made independently or on order on turning equipment.

It must be at least 50 cm high.

To select the appropriate diameter, you need to focus on the size of the nuts that are used to clamp the blades. The most optimal type of nuts for such operations is plumbing.

Engine

The engine is fastened to the container using special clamps that tighten it.

Before starting work, you need to remove the pulley from the engine of the washing machine (it will not be useful in subsequent work).

According to the size of the washing machine motor shaft diameter, the size is determined inner diameter hole at the top of the cylinder.

These holes are threaded M8 for special bolts. Before fixing the sleeve, to the motor shaft of the washing machine with different sides small indents are made.

bottom container

The hole for the exit of the crushed composition should be located under the blades.

If you can’t make a slot at the bottom of the top container, then make it on the side. Be sure to consider where the washing machine motor will be placed.

A box for collecting shredded material can be created from tin improvised means.

It is fixed to the walls of the container by means of several bolts. The design of the box consists of two parts - internal and external.

In such a simple way, from improvised materials, you can make yourself a faithful assistant in housekeeping.

And also you can watch a video of a wood chipper + wood splitter with your own hands

Save time and energy, as well as solve the issue of disposing of unnecessary and dry branches after "lightening" the crowns and clearing the territory. The device is in good demand in the market, so today it can be found in any store of goods for summer cottages and gardens. For a middle-income person, a garden shredder is a rather expensive pleasure, but with a little technical skill, the device can be designed.

Purpose of the device in the country

The garden shredder is used for the following purposes.

• Shredding branches up to 45 mm in diameter. The device grinds branches to fractions of various calibers, depending on the system of knives of a particular device. Basically, from the crushing of branches larger than 15 mm in diameter, a fraction of large chips is obtained - about 3 cm. It is better to pass branches with a diameter of less than 15 mm through a shredder.
• Shredding of green vegetation through a nozzle shredder. Using a shredder is very convenient to create a substrate for mulching. The mass is very juicy, suitable density.

Of course, processed plants can simply be thrown away - after being crushed, wood and green vegetation become compact and easily transportable, but there is a lot to be gained from these products! Chopped wood and green mass is a valuable organic substrate that can always be used in any suburban area.

How can you use processed products:

• The use of wood chips for the preparation of the substrate. Chopped wood is an important and basic component of nutrient compost, which is the best suited for the germination of seedlings and seedlings, and is also used as a permanent soil for many, for example, orchids or violets.
• Use of green mass for mulching. This mulch perfectly fertilizes the soil and protects it from moisture loss and overheating in summer, but needs periodic replacement.

Design features

The wood chipper is quite simple to make with your own hands, and it consists of:

• metal case;
• working shaft with knives;
• a motor that drives the mechanism;
• receiving box;
• protective cover.

Working shaft with knives. Knives are one of the most important components of the chipper: the size and shape of the recycled wood fraction depends on the type of knife.
In homemade grinders, the following types of crushing elements are installed:

• Twin-shaft eight-knife design. Consists of two shafts fixed between two metal plates. Knives are attached to each of the shafts at an angle. Torque from the motor to the shafts is transmitted using a chain or belt that is attached to the gears. The distance between the shafts is adjustable and depends on the size and type of knives, as well as the diameter of the branches.

Important! The twin-shaft chopper is most efficient when operating at low engine speeds. In order to reduce the speed, it is enough to install a gear of a smaller diameter on the shaft, and a larger one for the drive.

• Knife-disk design. It is simpler in design, but less functional: the maximum width of a branch in diameter for a knife-disk design is 2 cm. Knives are bolted to a metal disk with an offset to the center. This is done in order to set the direction of the processed material to the center of the device and thereby increase the strength of the flywheel.

Motor. For a garden shredder, a gasoline engine and an electric motor are suitable.
Each of the engines has its own advantages and disadvantages, therefore, when designing a home-made chopper for processing branches and grass, it is important to correctly prioritize: will the chopper be connected to other agricultural equipment; mainly for the processing of which the device will be used; How important is the portability of the device.

A gasoline engine is right for you if:

• you are going to process large, thick branches over 35 mm in diameter;
• device mobility is important to you;
• you are not going to connect the crusher to other agricultural equipment.

You are better off choosing an electric motor if:

• you are going to use the crusher in conjunction with other agricultural equipment (combine, tractor);
• you are not satisfied with the need to buy gasoline for the motor;
• the crusher will be used for crushing small branches (up to 20 mm) or greens.

How to make a garden shredder in the country with your own hands (two-shaft)

A twin-shaft garden shredder is the most powerful of those that you can build yourself. A properly designed twin-shaft shredder is able to process branches up to 80 mm thick. You can easily find all the materials and parts that you need to assemble it in any auto parts store or radio market, and you will certainly find the necessary tools in every workshop.

Did you know? If small chips can be used to make mulch, then a larger fraction is useful for a picnic! It is used as a fuel for a smokehouse - a good alternative to a barbecue or barbecue..

Materials and tools for manufacturing

For the manufacture of a two-shaft chopper you will need:

• engine;
• two metal plates 10 mm thick. Radius - optional;
• two synchronizing gears;
• pulley for torque transmission;
• pulley on the motor shaft;
• two shafts for attaching knives;
• five bearings with fasteners;
• knives;
• profile for the body;
• sheet metal for the manufacture of a receiving hopper and a protective casing;
• metal pipe for the frame.

Tools are indispensable welding machine, wrenches, perforator, lathe(for threading and turning parts), and metal staples are also useful, but they can be replaced by welding.

Step-by-step instruction

• You should start by welding the body. First of all, we assemble the frame or frame of the future chopper: we measure two pieces of 40 cm and two pieces of 80 cm from the pipe. Next, we weld the short pipes perpendicular to the long ones at the right distance (a drum will be placed between the short pipes). The chopper is a rather heavy unit, its weight will be about 15–20 kg. Therefore, in order not to move the device from place to place in the future, it is advisable to equip it with wheels. The wheels will be mounted on two racks that are welded to the frame.

• The next stage is the assembly of the crushing mechanism. First you need to prepare the surface of the shafts for the installation of knives. To do this, grind the shaft on the machine, forming three flat cuts.

• Make holes in the blades for the bolts
• Place the knives on the cuts of the shafts at an angle of 35–45° towards the center, mark the attachment points and drill holes at the marked points. Then you need to cut the thread inside the holes with a sword.

• The body of the drum consists of metal walls, four connecting pins and a protective casing. For the manufacture of the walls of the drum, sheet metal 10 mm thick is used. In the walls gas burner we make four holes (two in each) for the shaft bearings.

• We weld the frame to the walls of the drum.

• Next, we assemble the crushing mechanism: we put bearings on both edges of the shafts and fasten the knives with bolts along the sections of the shafts.

• The pulley is attached to the key. To do this, a gas burner in the center of the pulley makes a square hole in the size of the key and the same hole in the shaft, after which both elements are connected with a key.

• Installation of the mechanism on the frame. Install the motor and fix the pulley on it, then install the drum on the frame and connect the drum pulley and the motor pulley with a belt.

• Receiver design. The walls of the receiver are also made of sheet metal. For the receiving compartment, you can use thinner metal than for the walls of the drum - from 3 to 5 mm thick. Mark and cut the sheet into four equal parts in the shape of a trapezoid.

• Measure from the edge of the narrowest side of one of the parts 5 cm and make a bend.

• If the sheet has a wrong side and a front side, then make sure that the folds on the other three parts are made in the opposite direction.

• Then assemble the parts in the form of a box and fix them at the seams with welding or metal staples. Here's the receiving compartment!

• The installation of the receiving compartment on the structure is the last step. The receiver is installed in front of the drum hole and fastened to the facade using bolts for which holes are pre-drilled on the box lapels.

• Finally, a protective cover is formed from sheet metal over the rotating elements of the device in order to avoid possible injury during use.

Important! Keyed mounting is not the only option: dowel bolt or multi-bolt mounting is also possible, but keyed mounting is the easiest to do at home.

Do-it-yourself disc chopper

The design of a disc grinder is simpler than a two-shaft one. Its design is based on the well-known sekarni principle, only the torque is transmitted by the engine, and not manually. This crushing mechanism consists of a frame, a disc with knives and a motor. This homemade chopper is designed for processing small branches up to 20 mm in diameter.

In order to build a chopper, we need:

• engine;
• pipes for the frame;
• sheet metal 5 mm thick to create a disk;
• sheet metal up to 5 mm for protective cover and receiver.

It is better to buy knives for a crusher. Factory knives are made of tool grades of steel, which will ensure their strength and wear resistance. You can make knives yourself, using a car spring for this, for example, if you have an extra one, of course. But still, the factory knife will be a grateful contribution to the future tool.

When caring for your garden, you can not avoid cutting old and dried branches on trees and shrubs. As a result, a fairly large amount of brushwood accumulates, which you want to use to your advantage. The most practical way out in this situation is to send the branches to the compost, leaving them to rot there. Unfortunately, the process of turning solid wood into compost is quite long, and a mountain of dry branches spoils general form Location on. In this case, a garden shredder comes to the rescue. Thanks to the garden waste shredder, you can speed up the composting process and reduce the mountain of branches to a very modest size. Today, it is not difficult to purchase a garden shredder, especially if you have the necessary amount of money. But those who cannot afford it can make their own chopper.

To make a garden shredder with your own hands, you need to understand the principle of its operation and how it works. Otherwise, it will be impossible to create a correct drawing and assemble the entire structure together.

The grinder has a fairly simple design. It consists of a motor, a working shaft with knives, a metal frame, a receiving box and a protective cover. The grinder itself is mounted on a two-wheeled base for ease of movement. Of course, the design of any garden shredder consists of smaller parts. Which ones and in what quantity, we will consider at the stage of creating a drawing.

The principle of operation is also extremely simple. Rotations from the motor are transmitted to the shaft directly or using a belt or chain. At the same time, branches are fed into the receiving box, which are ground by the knives of the working shaft. The output is shredded wood, ready to be sent to compost. The principle of operation is somewhat similar to a meat grinder.

The simple and at the same time effective design of the garden waste shredder is used not only by summer residents and gardeners. There are also industrial machines capable of processing rather thick branches of trees. The design of such machines is an order of magnitude more complex and perfect. But it should be noted that some technical solutions industrial shredders can be implemented at home. This will allow a conventional garden shredder to process thick branches efficiently and quickly.

Types of garden shredders

When creating a garden shredder with your own hands, you will have to know in advance what exactly it will grind. The type of grinder, its performance and some design features depend on this. In general, all garden waste shredders can be divided according to the parameters: the power and type of engine used, as well as the type and principle of operation of the shredding unit.

Engine

Garden shredders can be equipped with both gasoline and electric motors. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. So the garden gasoline chopper is able to process large branches much easier, it is mobile and does not depend on the remoteness of the energy resource. But some models of choppers, especially powerful ones, require connection to agricultural machinery, such as a tractor or walk-behind tractor. As opposed to gasoline, the electric garden shredder is more compact, light and easier to operate. But electric shredders are rigidly tied to the connection point and are slightly weaker in power.

In general, if you select an engine for a homemade chopper, then the following must be considered.

• Electric motors with a power of up to 1.5 kW can easily cope with branches up to 2 cm in diameter and are most often installed on factory models designed for small area with low work intensity.
• Motors 3 - 4 kW can process branches up to 4 cm in diameter and are intended for owners of a small garden.
• But engines with a power of more than 6 kW are used in shredders for large farms and are capable of grinding branches 10 - 15 cm in diameter.

Since a homemade chopper is usually focused on a wide range of jobs, it is recommended to install a 4 kW electric motor. As for gasoline engines, an internal combustion engine with a capacity of 5 - 6 HP will cope with all the tasks.

Important! It is necessary to highlight the drive of garden shredders. It can be a chain, a belt or fastening knives directly to the motor shaft.

Knife design

Another criterion by which garden shredders are distinguished is the design of the knives. Since the quality of grinding depends on it. For example, some models of shredders output pieces of branches from 2 cm to 10 cm long, depending on the diameter of the shaft and the principle of chopping. Others are a combined design and are able to process fairly large branches and produce small chips. But if the chopping system uses only a disc with knives directly mounted to the motor shaft, then such a chopper will be able to process only thin branches and give out fine dust.

In factory models, the following three options are most often used.

The first is a knife disc. These devices are good for chopping small branches up to 2 cm in diameter and grass.

The second is the milling design of the knives. Choppers with a similar blade arrangement can handle thick branches up to 8 cm. But on one condition - the branches must be dry. Otherwise, the remains of raw bark and wood will clog into the cutter and lock the mechanism.

Third - universal milling-turbine knives. This knife option is probably the most preferred. Such shredders are able to cope with large and small branches, both wet and dry.

Of course, the types of knives described above are almost impossible to make on your own. That is why the following knife designs are used in homemade choppers.

• First - two-shaft design with 8 knives.
• Second - knife disk.
• Third - circular saw pack. Their manufacture is the simplest and materials for them can be found at any flea market.

Below we will consider the creation of these types of choppers.

How to make a DIY garden shredder

Creating a homemade garden shredder is a rather laborious process that requires a high level of skills from the master. The work itself takes place in two stages. First preparatory. The second is the assembly of the garden shredder.

Preparatory stage

At this stage, we create drawings of a garden shredder and purchase all the necessary materials. The chopper drawing can be drawn by hand or in special program, such as AutoCAD.

As noted earlier, the chopper design consists of an engine, a shaft with knives, a frame, a receiving box and a protective cover. But this is only a general view and, as they say, the devil is in the details. When creating a chopper drawing, it is necessary to pay Special attention the location of the shaft with knives, as well as the angle of cut of the knives.

For chopper with two shafts drawing will look like this: between two metal plates there are two shafts with knives. On each of the shafts there are 3 - 4 knives. The knives themselves are fixed with 3 bolts and offset from the center of the shaft. The free rotation of the shafts is provided by 4 bearings fixed in the holes of the metal plates. Synchronous rotation of the shafts is achieved by two gears, which are driven by a motor. Torque transmission can be done with a belt or chain. The distance between the shafts is selected based on the width of the knives and the thickness of the processed branches.

Important! It is necessary to pay special attention to the number of engine revolutions. In electric motors with a power of 4 kW, the number of revolutions is from 2500 to 2800 rpm. This number of revolutions is good in a disc shredder of small branches and grass. For a two-shaft shredder, power is important, so you should lower the number of revolutions. To do this, it is enough to install a gear or pulley of a smaller diameter on the shaft, and put a large pulley or gear to drive the shafts.

Below are drawings of a garden shredder with two shafts, 6 knives, three on each of the shafts.

For knife disk shredder drawing looks much easier.

First of all, this concerns the disk with knives. On the drawing, you can display the diameter of the disk and the location of the knives and their number. Depending on the requirements for the quality of grinding, there can be from 1 to 3 knives. The disc itself can be placed both vertically and at an angle. Below are the drawings of the knife disc grinder.

Drawing for a shredder with a stacking package of saw blades also pretty simple.

A stud with circular saws is placed on the frame, which is driven by a motor. Most often in such designs a belt drive is used. Therefore, pulleys are placed at the end of the motor shaft and the studs. The size of the pulleys can be the same. Below are drawings of such a grinder.

The materials necessary for the manufacture of the choppers described above can be bought in stores, at a flea market or car market. Of course, some spare parts will have to be ordered from turners, but most you can buy without any problem. To perform assembly work, you will need a grinder, a welding machine and wrenches.

The Dual Shaft Chopper will require the following materials:

• electric or gasoline engine;
• two metal plates 10 mm thick. Width and height are selected individually;
• two gears for synchronous shaft drive;
• a pulley or gear for transmitting torque to the shafts;
• pulley on the motor shaft;
• two shafts for knives;
• 5 bearings and fastening to them;
• knives or material for their manufacture;
• profile pipes for the frame;
• sheet metal 2 mm thick for the protective cover and the receiving hopper.

The shredder in the saw blade package will require the following::

• 15 - 20 circular saws. Diameter can be taken 18 cm;
• engine;
• hairpin M20 or its equivalent;
• 2 bearings and fastening to them;
• 2 pulleys;
• 17 - 22 metal washers 5 mm thick for separating saws;
• sheet metal 2 mm for protective casing and receiving hopper;
• profile pipes for the frame.

For a chopper with a knife disc, you need very little:

• engine;
• sheet metal for the protective casing and receiving hopper;
• knives and a sheet of metal for the disk.

As you can see, the disc grinder is the simplest in design. But it should be noted that the version of the chopper with two shafts is capable of processing branches up to 8 cm in diameter, and the disc chopper up to 2 cm.

Assembling the garden shredder

Having a drawing and the necessary details in hand, you can proceed with the installation of a garden shredder. Assembly work is divided into several stages - frame assembly and the creation of a receiving hopper, assembly of the chopping drum and installation of the motor and chopping drum on the frame.

Consider the assembly process using the example of a chopper with two shafts. Work begins with the creation of a frame:

• cut pieces from profile pipe with the help of a grinder. Four blanks will be 40 cm long and two 80 cm;
• We weld short pieces at a right angle between two long ones. At the same time, we place two inner crossbars at such a distance from each other that the chopping drum is securely installed on them;

Important! To give the chopper mobility, the entire structure will be mounted on a wheelbase. To do this, two racks must be welded to the frame, to which the axle with wheels will be attached.

After creating the frame, you can start creating shafts for the chopping drum:

• we take a metal square blank if it is planned to install 4 knives on one shaft. Or a round blank for three knives;
• for a square blank, we grind both ends, making them round so that they can enter the purchased bearings. FROM round billet we sharpen the central part, making three flat cuts for the installation of knives.

As for the knives themselves, they can be made from Kamaz springs:

• take the spring and cut off a piece of the required length;
• the workpiece itself, if necessary, can be leveled. To do this, you will have to heat it in a forge and make it smooth with a few blows of the hammer. Then quench and let cool;
• in the knives themselves we make holes for the bolts;
• Now let's sharpen the knives. We choose the angle of the cutting edge 35 - 45 degrees. We sharpen on a grinding machine;

• at the end, we apply the knives to the shaft and mark the places on the shaft for fastening. Then we drill holes and make threads in them.

The next stage is the creation of a grinding drum:

• in two metal plates that will be the walls, we cut out holes for installing bearings in them. This is best done with a welding machine, and then sand the edges. Or you can contact the company. In this case, the holes will be ideally shaped;
• now install the bearings inside;

• for fastening, we use special linings that are bolted to metal walls;
• insert the shafts inside the bearings and fix them;
• we connect the walls of the drum with each other with metal threaded studs and fix them with nuts.

Upon completion of work with the drum and frame, we make a receiving box:

• we take sheet metal and make 4 blanks in the shape of a parallelepiped;
• from the narrow edge of each workpiece we measure 4 - 5 cm and bend it;
• do the same for the long sides of the blanks. But we do the bend in the opposite direction;
• we assemble the entire structure and check how the workpieces fit together;
• using welding or self-tightening rivets, we connect the edges;
• at the base of the box, on the bent edges, we make holes for fasteners.

After assembling the grinding drum, we put gears on the shafts and install the entire structure on the frame, where we fix it with bolts. Then we put the engine in place and tighten the drive chain or belt. Finally, we install and fix the receiving box. We also install a protective cover on all rotating parts of the grinder to prevent accidental ingress of foreign objects.

Creating the other two choppers is somewhat easier. The disc grinder requires the following:

• create a frame and place the motor inside;
• on top of the motor, install a reflective shield made of sheet metal with a hole for the motor shaft;

• make a hole in the disk for installation on the shaft, as well as slots for knives;
• knives can be made from a car spring in the manner described earlier;

• assemble and install a disk with knives;
• create a receiving box and install it on top of the disc chopper.

The assembly of the chopper from circular saws is as follows:

• create a frame
• we string circular saws on a threaded stud. In this case, we place washers between the disks. This is necessary so that the teeth do not cling to each other. We clamp the package of saws on both sides with nuts;

• on the inner crossbars of the frame we weld fasteners for bearings;
• we put bearings on the stud and fix them, after which we install the saw package on the frame and fix it there;

• from the longest end of the stud, install a pulley or gear and fix it with a retaining ring;
• install the engine and tighten the drive chain or belt;
• at the end, we install the receiving box.

When creating one of the homemade shredders proposed above, it is necessary to take into account the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The two-shaft shredder is characterized by high power and the ability to process thick branches. The chip fraction will be from 2 cm to 8 cm, depending on the speed and the number of knives. A knife-disc chopper, on the contrary, will perfectly cope with small branches and give out a fine fraction of chips, but thick branches are a problem for it. The shredder with a package of circular saws can handle thick branches as well as smaller ones. But at the same time, it is very dusty, and a lot of chips get stuck between the saws, which requires thorough cleaning after work. The variants of garden shredders described above can be created both in a single version and by combining types with each other.