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To complete the majority of small school or home workshops, a woodworking lathe STD-120M was used. Unlike its more powerful "brothers", it has optimal technical and operational characteristics of processing wooden blanks. But not only this differs from similar models.
Machine design
The STD-120 M woodworking lathe was developed on the basis of the previous model of the series - 120. It differs from its predecessor by additional protective components in the device - casings, fences, etc. Also modernized electrical circuit, the noise level when working on the equipment is significantly reduced.
To analyze the characteristics of the equipment, you should familiarize yourself in more detail with the specifics of its design. Just like the 120 series model, it consists of a bed with guides, which is mounted on supporting elements. For greater stability, they are attached to a wooden base.
The STD-120M drive is carried out due to the movement of the electric motor. It is located on the left side of the diagram. The transmission of torque occurs using a belt drive. For this there are two pulleys, one of which is mounted on the motor shaft, and the other on the headstock spindle.
The machine device has the following characteristics:
- the rotation speed is changed by transferring the belt to a certain stream of shafts;
- the button block is located on the headstock. This is due to optimal access to the on / off mechanism during operation;
- replaceable spindle nozzles are standard equipment;
- turning area has additional protective shutters with transparent windows;
- an optional unit can be connected to remove chips and dust.
To increase the accuracy of the operations performed on the STD-120m machine, there is a local lighting circuit. A step-down transformer is provided for its operation.
In order to increase the safety of operation, the structure has an electrical interlock for the protective structure of the belt drive. For this, a B2 switch is provided.
Equipment technical parameters
Before starting work on the STD-120 machine, you should familiarize yourself with its technical and performance characteristics... To connect the equipment, you will need a 380 V power line. The power of the power plant is 0.4 kW.
The brand of the installed electric motor is AOL 21-2. In the event of a breakdown, it can be replaced with a similar one. It is important that, in addition to power and speed (2800 rpm), the diameter of the shaft for the installation of the transfer streams is the same.
It is also necessary to familiarize yourself with the device and transmission characteristics of the drive:
- type - V-belt;
- brand drive belt This designation is taken from GOST 1284-68;
- two streams in the construction of the pulleys;
- the maximum number of speeds is 2;
- the nominal spindle speed can be from 1100 to 2150 rpm;
On the STD-120 machine, you can process wooden blanks with a length of up to 450 mm. In this case, the diameter should not exceed 190 mm.
An important point is dimensions turning equipment. They are 125 * 57.5 * 55 cm with a mass of 100 kg. For normal operation, the machine must be installed on a platform base. It is intended not only for leveling the level, but will also damp fluctuations that will inevitably appear during operation.
When choosing a workpiece, you should take into account the distance between the centers, which is 50 cm.Their height is 12 cm.
Structural elements of the machine Since the STD-12M machine does not belong to the category of professional, special requirements for maintenance and operation are imposed on it. Its main purpose is to familiarize students with the basics of turning. Therefore, safety requirements have been increased.
To increase the stability of the equipment, the base is best made of steel structures or concrete. Its height should be between 600 and 800 mm. The floor in the workplace should not be slippery. Its device should not include elements that interfere with the performance of operations.
Additionally, you should take into account the following features of operation:
- the piece of wood must be free of knots and cracks. Its moisture content cannot exceed 20%;
- large parts should be processed at minimum speed;
- at least once a year or after 500 hours of operation, the moving parts must be lubricated. At the same time, its structure is checked, the absence of damage and defects.
Designed for small self repair... This often refers to the restoration of the working capacity of the tailstock and headstock. Before performing these works, you should familiarize yourself with the device of the machine, as well as study the instructions for its operation.
The video material describes in detail the turning techniques on the STD-120 turning equipment:
stanokgid.ru
Lathe STD 120m: technical characteristics, advantages
Compact equipment used to teach the principles of processing wood blanks. Allows you to make parts from a material whose moisture content does not exceed 25%.
The optimal solution for the manufacture of various elements of wooden housing construction, including kitchen and household purposes, there is a STD 120m lathe. This simple, compact model is suitable not only for beginners, but also with some experience in working with wood parts.
Due to the simplicity of the design, the STD 120m wood lathe is trouble-free throughout the entire service life. Main role in ensuring this quality, the cast-type bed plays, which serves as the basis for the tailstock and headstock, as well as the handcuff. The high quality of its execution guarantees the normal operation of the indicated units due to the almost complete absorption of vibrations.
The following are responsible for the two-speed rotation of the workpiece:
- two-stage pulleys of the shaft (spindle and electric motor);
- V-belt.
An unscheduled shutdown of the power unit when the speed changes is impossible: it is protected from it by the transmission cover (V-belt) through a special switch. In addition, the design provides for electrodynamic braking of work: you can stop the machine by pressing a special emergency "mushroom".
About operations performed
To the delight of the buyer, the complete set of the model includes all the necessary tools and devices used in the process of processing operations:
- segment;
- turning;
- facing;
- drilling;
- grooving.
In particular, the rough turning of long parts is carried out with the participation of a cutter that has a semicircular shape (wide reyer). Before starting work, a gap of at least three millimeters is set between it and the workpiece. It is fastened by means of a trident fork, followed by pressing in the longitudinal direction. The center (rear) is responsible for this operation, which is installed in the quill of the ST. This fastening method is used for grooving:
- tool handles;
- rolling pins;
- balusters;
- crush.
By the way, finishing turning should be carried out at much higher speeds than rough turning. Changing the position of the belt helps to ensure the required rotation speed.
If we talk about the production of plates and other similar products with a large outer diameter, then in this case the part is attached to the faceplate. The second option is using an intermediate disc with screws. In this case, the handcuff is exposed in relation to the longitudinal axis in a vertical position. The recess can be selected by moving the tool (cutting) from the center of the workpiece to its outer diameter.
Additionally available
To increase the comfort of work, a dust collection unit can be purchased. It is attached to the equipment using an air duct and a pipe.
Some craftsmen are thinking about how to sharpen workpieces with a length not "to", but "from" 500 millimeters. The basic version does not provide such an opportunity. But you can order the manufacture of a frame of greater length.
Finally, there are many organizations that are ready, for a fee, to adapt the device to the consumption of electricity from a network with a voltage of 220V.
And about the parameters of the model
Now is the time to consider specifications of the described unit. The most significant of them are shown in the table:
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tokstan.ru
Woodworking machine STD-120M - features, rules for choosing before buying and recommendations for care
Those who have not skipped labor lessons perfectly remember the school woodworking machine STD-120M. This device was originally designed to teach children the basics of woodworking.
Thanks to him, a person receives all the necessary skills for grinding the outer side of the future part and grooving the inner one. It would be nice to have such a machine in your garage, so that in case of something not buying home furniture, but do it yourself.
In addition, thanks to this equipment, it is possible to create beautiful jewelry made of wood for the facade or home interior... Let's look at what the STD-120M machine is in general.
Machine description
Woodworking machine in Soviet time was located in all school workshops and professional educational institutions.Thanks to this unit, students and schoolchildren received the basics of working with wood, so that later, when determining with a profession, they could have skills that make it possible to master more complex technological equipment.
STD-120M is not just a training machine
But it is also used to meet the needs of small carpentry workshops, as well as by craftsmen to solve everyday problems. It is noteworthy that if you buy a new such machine, then the consumer receives, in addition to the equipment, a whole series of necessary tools to work on it.
They include
Chisels
Special wood cutters
Other abrasive tools
STD-120M enables the operator
Cut wood;
Grind the edges of the workpiece;
Facing the future wood product;
Drill inner holes;
Make grooves for special shape.
The primary processing of wood is carried out at low speeds of the plug, on which the rough material is attached. As the top layer is removed, the operator himself chooses the required rotation speed.
Healthy! Thanks to the control panel, on the STD-120M, you can adjust the rotation speed in order to better handle wood. At too high revs and inept use, it can crack.
To avoid cracking wood, you should carefully work with chisels. This equipment is not intended to be used with excessive force. By setting the rotation and smoothly moving the reiers, the user gets the opportunity to quickly and accurately grind the most different shapes.
The main purpose of the machine
Processing of small elements of future furniture or decor items. The machine has lighting, as well as a protective screen that protects the operator's eyes from damage. The lamp makes it possible to work at any time. The llama stand is flexible, which makes it possible to fix it so that the direction of the luminous flux provides illumination where the carpenter needs.
Advice! At the end of the article there is a video on how to quickly carve a handle for an instrument on a STD-120M machine.
Specifications
STD-120M complete set.
The complete set of the machine includes
Everything you need to carry out basic turning work related to woodworking. The set that comes with the machine includes tools for:
- Sharpening;
- Drilling;
- Cutting and cutting off pieces of wood;
- And also facing.
Spindle
Which is mounted on the chuck is needed by the operator to perform face machining. It is carried out by a meisel or other tools designed for cutting wood. Installation of the workpiece in the machine is carried out using a mallet.
For rough cutting of wood
A reyer is used. This is a semicircular cutter that makes it possible to remove a large number of unnecessary layer. It is mounted on a handrail, which is adjustable with screws. It must be set at a distance of at least 3 mm from the rotating workpiece.
The machine has a special trident fork
Which holds the future piece of furniture in the right position.
Quill
This is the part on the tailstock of the machine that makes the part fixed in the equipment rotate.
This method of securing the workpiece must be used in the manufacture
- Handles for tools;
- Rollers and other kitchen tools;
- Legs for chairs or stools.
The installation uses a belt drive, and thanks to the ability to transfer it to one or another shaft, you get the opportunity to adjust the rotation speed of the workpiece.
If your goal is to grind a plate or other device with a large outer diameter, the machine has a faceplate and discs with screws. They enable the user to grind the necessary indentations in the workpiece while moving the tool from the center outward.
As for the dimensions of the workpieces
Which are able to process the STD-120M machine, the equipment passport prescribes the following:
- The maximum length of the workpiece is 50 cm.
- Extremely permissible length turning - 50 cm.
- The maximum width is no more than 19 cm.
The spindle in the factory complete set in terms of rotation speed is produced in 2 modes. These speeds are for different stages wood processing. The roughing stage provides for the rotation of the shafts at the limit of 980 rpm, and the finishing speed is 6,500 rpm.
The machine itself is not large.
Equipment dimensions as follows
- Length - 125 cm.
- The height of the equipment is 55 cm.
- Width - 57.5 cm.
- Weight of STD-120M in complete assembly does not exceed 100 kg.
This is interesting: the handguard has a special notch or hole where the operator inserts the cutting tool.
If this part was not included in the package, then the strong revolutions transmitted by the drive to the spindle would have knocked the cutter out of the operator's hands. This would result in damage to the machine or injury to the user.
Important! The machine comes with 2 handcuffs with different lengths- 20 and 40 cm.
Bed STD-120M
The manufacturer uses a special cast iron bed for STD-120M equipment. It is mounted on two legs. It has a stand, and serves as a base where absolutely all units of the woodworking machine are fixed. The headstock of the equipment is attached to the left.
In all other directions, the holder and the handguard cling to the bed in different positions. The tailstock is mobile, which makes it possible to move and dismantle it to work with cutting grooves in the workpiece.
Safety STD-120M
To ensure the safety of the operator while working on the machine, a special protective screen made of high-strength plastic is used. It provides an adequate level of protection against chips and shavings.
Important! It is necessary to work at the machine in special clothing, which includes an apron and goggles.
To reduce dust ingress into Airways the machine has special air vents in addition to the plastic screen. Thus, the manufacturer was able to significantly reduce the level of dust generated during the work of a person at the equipment.
Cutter set
A set of chisels and cutters
Everything cutting tools, which are included in the STD-120M package, can be divided into 2 types:
The former are shaped like grooved cutters, in the manner of semicircular chisels. Maisel, on the contrary, is presented in the form of a chisel with a flat cutting part.
User manual
To avoid injury and ensure equipment longevity and serviceability, the operator should know how to properly operate it. The instruction of the STD-120M machine has a sufficient number of rules that must be followed for the full use of all the functionality.
To increase stability
The equipment will be best mounted on a steel, concrete or bolted table. So, while the engine is running, there will be no vibrations and vibrations of the working surfaces, which will ensure a perfectly smooth cut along with accuracy. The recommended worktop height is from 60 to 80 cm.
If your home workshop uses parquet flooring, you automatically get protection from damage electric shock upon breakdown. But to be sure to protect yourself from this, you should put a rubber mat under your feet.
There are also a number of requirements for the procurement.
- Any piece of wood must be free of cracks or knots.
- The moisture content of the tree is not higher than 20%.
- The larger the part, the lower the rotation speed.
- Change the lubrication of the working elements of the machine once a year or after 500 hours of operation.
- Once a year, carry out a comprehensive inspection and repair in case of damage.
By fulfilling these simple requirements, the owner of the machine will be able to maintain its performance for a very long time.
Kinematic diagram of equipment
Kinematic diagram
In classrooms or production workshops there are milling machines with different device and a complete set. To understand how they differ, diagrams or photos are always attached to them.
A kinematic diagram is a conditional image of equipment, where you can understand the location of certain components that are involved during the transfer of motion to the working surface.
Such diagrams make it possible to quickly understand the structure of the equipment in order to correctly and accurately carry out the adjustment or calculations for work. Understanding the kinematic diagram milling machine the same type, but with different kinds designs will enable the user to figure out how to operate it.
Electrical diagram
Electrical diagram of the machine std 120
The electrical diagram of the STD-120M equipment makes it possible to understand how to connect it when twisting or repairing individual components on your own. From the diagram attached above, it can be understood that the woodworking machine is connected to a three-phase network with an operating voltage of 380 V. A cable with a dead-grounded neutral must be provided. A special electrical cabinet houses the light transformer. It drops the voltage from 380 to 24 V.
The asynchronous motor is the drive of the machine tool. The control panel is located on the headstock.
How to choose the right one to buy a used machine
If you decide to choose used equipment, it is imperative to check it for integrity when meeting with the seller. On Avito, the cost of such a machine ranges from 12,000 to 17,000 rubles.
- Technical condition of working surfaces;
- Equipment startup and operation behavior;
- Availability of accessories for the machine.
Important! Let you buy cutting tools, but if the machine does not have an assistant, let the seller find a way out of this situation.
If you are willing to pay a turner to turn the model to size, please can buy. But it is better to let the seller deal with these issues.
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Modernization concept Russian education on the the present stage determines the need to focus on the development of the personality of students, his cognitive and creative abilities. This requires an appeal to modern educational technologies... For three years I have been working on the project method. In the educational process I use the technology of multilevel training, technology project activities, Information Technology... Introducing the technology of project activities, I studied the manuals of I.A. Sasova "Method of projects in teaching technology", methodology of project activities, developed by E.S. Polat. In my work I rely on Toolkit project activities of the author I.A. Sasova. Based on the experience of these articles, I have developed and are improving my system for introducing technology in the educational process.
Working on the project method, I use the following classification:
Conditions required for the project:
- The presence of a socially significant need or problem;
- Planning actions to meet a need or solve a problem;
- Research work students;
- A creative approach to completing the assignment;
- Preparation of the presentation of the finished product.
Assessment in project activities can be divided into 3 types:
Self-esteem depends on the teacher's assessment and the assessment of the team, since the student listens to the opinion of the teacher and to the opinion of the team. And the teacher's assessment depends on the assessment of the team and on the student's self-assessment. In my opinion, each teacher, before giving a grade, listens to how the student assessed himself and what his classmates say about his work. And the assessment of the team depends on the assessment of the teacher and the self-assessment of the classmate. The team sees how the teacher has rated the student, how the student has rated himself, and draws a conclusion from this.
I want to emphasize that none of the three types evaluation is not major or minor. All three types of assessment are interrelated, meaningful to each other and equally necessary in the educational process.
In grades 5-6, I use the group project method. And in high school, individual and group. The composition of the group is selected so that it includes students with high motivation and level of learning and less successful. Groups have consultants who are responsible for the work of the entire group. The topic of the project is determined in advance, at least a week is given for preparation. The guys have a checklist necessary requirements to the implementation of the project, assign roles in this work. If necessary, I conduct consultations for each group.
The result of the project activity is the work of students presented in the presentation "Development creativity through project activities "
Goals:
- General device and principle of operation of the lathe STD - 120M.
- Expand knowledge about the history of the development of wood lathes
- Promote polytechnic culture
Tasks: To study the device of the STD-120M machine by means of multimedia.
Equipment: multimedia projector, wood lathes.
During the classes
I. Updating knowledge:
In the 5th grade, we studied the device of the drilling machine.
1. What parts does it consist of drilling machine? (Consists of three component parts: engine, transmission and actuator).
II. Slide 1 (General view of the lathe STD - 120M)
History of the creation of lathes
History relates the invention lathe by 650 BC BC NS. The machine consisted of two installed centers, between which a workpiece of wood, bone or horn was clamped. A slave or apprentice rotated the workpiece (one or more turns in one direction, then in the other). The master held the cutter in his hands and, pressing it in the right place to the workpiece, removed the chips, giving the workpiece the required shape.
In the XIV-XV centuries were widespread lathes with foot drive. Foot drive consisted of an ochep - an elastic pole, cantilevered above the machine. A string was attached to the end of the pole, which was wrapped one turn around the workpiece and attached to the pedal with its lower end. When the pedal was pressed, the string was stretched, forcing the workpiece to make one or two turns, and the pole to bend. When the pedal was released, the pole straightened, pulled the twine up, and the workpiece made the same turns in the other direction.
Improvement of machine tools
Lathes have been improved.
WITH early XIX century, a gradual revolution began. In place of the old lathe, one after another, new high-precision automatic lathes, equipped with electric motors, which made it possible to automatically grind different shapes out of wood
Modern woodworking machines
Universal lathes allow you to perform various technological operations.
Machine device
Woodworking lathe:
1 - base;
2 - electric motor;
3 - bed;
4 - belt drive guard;
5 - magnetic starter;
6 - lamp;
7 - headstock;
8 - spindle;
9 - a handyman;
10 - tailstock;
11 - protective screen
III. Primary anchoring (crossword puzzle)
Horizontally:
1. Washer for turning large-diameter workpieces. ( faceplate)
2. The base on which the machine mechanisms are mounted. (bed)
3. The rotating part to which the workpiece is attached. (spindle)
Vertically:
1. Detail for fastening short workpieces (cartridge)
4. The mechanism used to support the workpiece (grandma)
IV. Lesson summary
"The device of the lathe STD-120M"
A lathe is:
a) technological machine
b) transport vehicle
c) energy machine
The kinematic diagram of the machine shows:
a) transmission of motion from the motor to the spindle
b) the sequence of processing the part
c) machine device.
The assistant is intended:
a) to support the workpiece
b) to support the incisor
c) for figure turning
IN lathe applied:
a) flat belt transmission
b) V-belt transmission
c) gear transmission
Main cutting motion:
but) rotary motion blanks
b) longitudinal translational movement of the chisel
c) lateral movement of the chisel
Pinol is located:
a) in the electric motor
b) in the tailstock
c) in the headstock
Pre-assessment (students swap tests and check each other)
Three errors - "3"; two errors - "4"; one or no errors - "5"
V. Reflection
- What new have you learned?
- What else would you like to know?
"DEVICE LATHE STD-120M"
6th grade
Technology teacher
Dunaev Oleg Vasilievich
MOU "Elan - Kolenovskaya secondary school No. 1"
The purpose of the lesson: to promote the study of the device of the STD-120M wood lathe;
consider the kinematic diagram of the machine and the operations performed on the machine; promote the development of respect for equipment, materials and tools.
Repetition of the covered material:
What are the three components of the machine and their purpose?
Give an example of a chain drive.
What links does it consist of chain drive?
Headstock of machine STD - 120M:
1.- V-belt of a belt drive;
2.-two-stage pulley;
3.-shaft-spindle;
4.-ball bearing;
5.-fixing screw
The tailstock of the machine. The assistant .
1.- quill; 2.- center; 3.- clamping handle;
4.- screw terminal; 5.- flywheel;
6.- fastening screw;
1.- helper;
2.- carriage (holder);
3.- stopper handle;
4.- attachment handles
carriages;
4. On a lathe, the workpieces are fixed at
using the cartridge, faceplate and trident
Fastening of workpieces:
a - in the cartridge; b - in the centers (in the trident);
в- on the faceplate;
Draft turning
Produced with a semicircular cutter to obtain a cylindrical surface of the workpiece with an allowance of 2-3 mm to a given diameter.
Finish turning
Produced with an oblique or straight cutter to a given diameter of the workpiece with an allowance of up to 1 mm.
Safety regulations
- Do not turn on the machine without the permission of the teacher.
- Securely attach the tailstock of the machine.
- Before installing on the machine, check the workpiece so that it does not have cracks.
- Fasten the workpiece securely in special device and the center of the lathe tailstock.
- Before working on a lathe, prepare workplace: remove all unnecessary from the machine and around it, prepare and spread only the right tools and fixtures.
- Check the working tool. The handles must be free of cracks and must be firmly seated.
Safety regulations
- Tuck in your clothes. Fasten all buttons. Long hair remove under the beret.
- Wear protective goggles before starting the machine.
- In the process of turning, periodically stop the machine and press the part with the center of the tailstock (flywheel), eliminating the gaps.
- Periodically, as the surface is cut, when the machine stops, bring the handcuff to the surface of the workpiece by 2-3 mm, turn the workpiece manually by 2-3 turns and securely fasten the handler.
4 . Practical work.
Completing tasks:
1. Familiarize yourself with the design of the machine.
2. After making sure that the machine is turned off:
1) move the tailstock to the extreme right position;
2) measure:
a) the distance between the centers;
b) the distance from the center line to the bed; c) the magnitude of the departure of the cartridge.
3. Practice securing the workpieces on the machine (in the chuck, centers, on the faceplate).
4. Start the rolling pin by machining the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.
Repetition and consolidation of the material.
Test questions:
1. What machines does STD-120M belong to?
2. Which movement in the lathe is the main one and which is the auxiliary one?
Z. What is the purpose of the working body of the machine, engine, transmission mechanism?
4. What are the main parts (nodes) of a lathe for woodworking.
5. What devices are used to secure the workpiece?
6.How is the rotation feed to the workpiece carried out?
7. What tools are used for rough and finish turning of wood blanks?
Wood lathe STD 120m can often be seen in school workshops and in the carpentry of specialized schools. Its key task is to teach pupils or students the nature and principles of working with machines, the peculiarities of processing wooden blanks. At the same time, this device has good technical characteristics that make it useful even in small woodworking enterprises.
Description
This lathe can perform the following functions:
- Cutting.
- Turning.
- Drilling work.
- Creation of grooves.
- Processing of the ends of the workpieces.
Finishing work on this machine is performed at high speeds, using turning tools or other abrasive type tools. Workpieces can also be processed in roughing mode. To do this, switch the device to low speed and use a semicircular chisel. More details about additional functions the machine can be found in his passport.
In addition to the characteristics listed above, this unit has other features that determine the specifics of its use:
- The machine is equipped with local lighting, which significantly speeds up the work and makes it safer.
- Ease of use of the button block has been achieved thanks to its placement on the headstock.
- To eliminate production waste, the design of the machine provides for the possibility of installing a dust extraction unit. It is noteworthy that one such unit can be installed on two devices at once.
- The machine is equipped with a safety guard with a special window for observing working area machine tool. The window is made of elastic transparent plastic. Thanks to this solution, it was possible to protect most operator body.
- The intensity of rotation of the workpiece can be changed by moving the belt along different grooves of the shaft. It should be noted that the block in which the transfer is carried out is protected from penetration during the operation of the motor.
Its ease of use and high level of safety make this machine perfect for training beginner carpenters. On the other hand, these characteristics do not in any way interfere with the use of the machine in small enterprises and in home workshops.
The figure shows the structural features of the apparatus.
- Electric motor.
- Button switch.
- Broadcast.
- Spindle. The unit is made of steel in the form of a shaft. On the right side of the spindle, a thread is made for installing a chuck and other devices, and on the left side, a drive pulley with two stages is installed, which is driven through V-belt transmission from an electric motor. The spindle is controlled from the headstock panel.
- Front headstock. The body of this unit is made of cast iron with a bore for two radial-spherical bearings. The headstock performs the function of fixing the workpiece and transmits rotary motion to it.
- Push-button system. This unit of the machine allows the operator to control its work. As you can see in the figure, the button block is installed on the headstock.
- Local lighting.
- Frame.
- Assistant.
- Protective screen. Significantly reduces the risk of injury while using the device. At the same time, thanks to the viewing window, the operator observes the working area and clearly sees how the part should be processed.
- Fixing handle.
- Fencing. This protective device covers the mechanical assembly of the electromechanical drive. The system is equipped with an automatic blocking of opening the cover during operation to prevent operator's fingers from getting into the drive mechanisms. If you try to open the cover while the machine is running, the electric motor will stop instantly.
- Rear headstock.
- Flywheel.
- Stanina. The unit is made by casting using support elements, which significantly increases the reliability and service life of the device. The bed is installed on the base and is tightly attached to it. Otherwise, the accuracy of the workpiece processing will be significantly reduced due to vibrations during operation.
- Support.
- Locking nut.
- Quill.
- Center.
- Brake handle.
- Carriage.
- Double-horned nut.
- The platform is wooden.
- Support bars.
- Production waste slot.
The electrical equipment of the machine is designed to operate from a three-phase network with an alternating current and a voltage of 380 V. For the normal operation of the autonomous lighting of the machine, a special transformer is installed in the machine control unit, which converts the voltage in a 380/24 ratio.
The motor of the machine is of an asynchronous type, and its operation is controlled from the panel on the headstock. An experienced foreman should connect the machine to the network and set up its work, only after that you should start operating the machine in normal mode.
Technical Indicators
The lathe std120m has quite good technical indicators, especially considering its specifics and dimensions:
- length - 125 cm;
- height - 55 cm;
- width - 57.5 cm;
- weight - 100 kg.
Key parameters of the processed workpieces:
- The limiting length of the part, which is installed in the centers, is 50 cm.
- The maximum part diameter is 19 cm.
- The maximum turning length is 45 cm.
Spindle indicators:
- number of speeds - 2;
- rotation speed - 1100-2150 rpm.
It should be noted that the height of the centers of the machine is 12 centimeters. Electrical equipment operates with a voltage of 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz. The device has only one electric motor with a nominal power of 0.4 kW.
Video: turning a file handle on a woodworking lathe STD 120M.
Advantages and disadvantages
Speaking about the pros and cons of the STD 120m machine, it should be borne in mind that it was primarily created for educational purposes, and the fact that it is also used in some small enterprises already testifies to the quality of its assembly and functionality... In addition, the advantages of the machine include:
- Long operating time. The simplicity of the design itself enables the unit to operate long time, but if thorough and timely maintenance is carried out for all the components of the machine, then the period of operation of the machine will increase significantly.
- Relatively small dimensions. This is especially important for classrooms in which it is necessary to install several devices at once.
- High level of security. An irreplaceable quality for any device newbies work with. In the same time high level protection will never be superfluous for those who already have experience and decided to purchase this machine for their own needs.
- The completeness of training in turning on this machine is guaranteed by the presence of all the necessary devices and functions.
Like any other device, this device has a number of disadvantages:
- The inability to connect to a network with a voltage of 220 V significantly limits the scope of the unit.
- Quite small parameters of the processed workpieces reduce the functionality of the device.
- The presence of only two speeds in the apparatus adversely affects the quality of the processing of parts.
For wood, it is intended for processing small-sized elements from different types of wood. The unit has advantageous features that distinguish it from its predecessor, namely, that critical working areas are protected by a fence, equipped with local lighting. In addition, the main electrical circuit was modernized, a system for reducing vibration and noise level was provided, and a device for removing dust and shavings by a mechanized method was developed.
Appointment
School lathe STD-120M is used for easy processing of wood by central interaction, using a faceplate and a chuck, as well as for elementary drilling. Its functionality includes the following:
- Sharpening of cylindrical and profile rotating elements.
- Ability to trim, round and cut workpieces at different angles.
- Turning on the marked profile.
- Drilling.
- Processing of flat surfaces of diameter in the decorative and profile plan using a faceplate.
The STD-120M is brought into operation by starting the electric power plant. The motor is located on the left side of the unit. The torque is transmitted through the belt interaction. This process is facilitated by a pair of pulleys: the first is mounted on the motor shaft, the second is mounted on the headstock spindle.
Arrangement
The STD-120M machine has some features of the device, namely:
- The high-speed rotation mode is converted by throwing the belt over certain grooves of the shafts.
- The control unit with buttons is located on the headstock, which provides the most convenient access to control during operation.
- Spindle type bits are variable and are included as standard equipment.
- The working area is protected by additional curtains with transparent windows.
- It is possible to remove chips and other impurities using an optional plug-in cleaning unit.
To increase the accuracy of the operations carried out, special lighting allows, the operation of which is controlled by a step-down transformer. The electrical interlocking structure with a switch increases operational safety.
Headstock of the unit
This node of the STD-120M turning unit is used for mounting and fixing the workpiece with the subsequent transfer of torque to it. This element consists of a one-piece cast iron body open type... In it, a pair of holes are bored along the axes, which serve to accommodate radial, spherical bearings.
The working spindle is a shaped shaft made of steel, which has a thread on the right for mounting a chuck, washer and other special attachments that fix and process the workpiece. At the left end there is a two-stage pulley-type drive, activated by means of an electric motor. On both sides of the headstock, there are felt padded hatches. The start and stop of the spindle is carried out using a control unit located on the body.
Rear element
This part of the STD-120M machine provides support when servicing long products, as well as securing the chuck, directly drills and other tools. The rear element of the device consists of a frame and a quill sliding along the guide slots of the body.
On one side of the movable sleeve, a hole is provided, adjusted to a cone, where a back stop, a chuck or a drill with a corresponding end stop is placed. A bushing is inserted from the opposite side by pressing. internal thread... The set screw provides easy movement of the quill and prevents it from rotating around its own axis.
The torque redistribution element is combined with a threaded bushing, on one edge of which there is a flywheel fixed with a nut. The quill is fastened in the required position with a clamping handle. The tailstock is fixed with a nut, a crack (washer) and a bolt. For lubrication of working elements, special holes are provided in the housing.
Basic and removable accessories
The woodworking machine STD-120M is equipped with several basic elements, namely:
Electrical equipment and technical parameters
Regarding the electrical equipment of the turning unit, it can be noted that there is a connection to the AC mains with three phases (380 V) with a neutral, which is tightly grounded. The switch cabinet also contains a lighting transformer.
The technical characteristics of the machine are given in the table:
Unit name | Wood lathe STD-120M |
Center height (cm) | |
Maximum length of the part to be machined in centers (cm) | |
Limit diameter of workpieces to be serviced (cm) | |
Turning length of the workpiece to the maximum (cm) | |
Spindle revolutions per minute | |
Frequency (rpm) | |
Power supply (V / Hz) | |
Number of electric motors | |
Rated motor power (W) | |
Unit length / width / height (cm) | |
Operational Features
Wood lathe STD-120M does not belong to the category professional equipment, its main purpose is to familiarize students with the basics of the work of a turner. Increased security measures are imposed on him.
To ensure the stability of the processing tool, it is better to make the base steel or concrete. Its height must be at least 60 centimeters.
In addition, some operational features should be considered:
- The wood blank must be free of cracks and knots.
- The moisture content of the part is allowed no higher than 20 percent.
- Large elements must be processed at the minimum speed.
- At least once a year or after five hundred hours of operation, it is necessary to lubricate the moving parts, check the equipment for deformation and malfunctions.
Before doing renovation works and maintenance of the machine, you should study its structure, as well as familiarize yourself in detail with the operation manual.
Conclusion
The lathe under consideration is designed for processing wood blanks and drilling holes. Its main purpose is home use, training of novice specialists and schoolchildren. When operating the equipment, it is necessary to observe safety precautions and follow the recommendations specified in the instructions.
