INSTRUCTIONS AND PROPHECIES OF THE Blessed MOTHER ALIPIA GOLOSEEVSKY, Kyiv...
T2 digital television is actively entering our lives. To date, antennas have already been installed in many homes to receive such a signal. But what about those who live in the suburbs or in a rented apartment? The solution is quite simple - this is a homemade antenna for T2, which can be an inexpensive and reliable alternative to a factory product.
Do-it-yourself TV antennas
In order to catch digital terrestrial television, first of all, you need to have a supporting new digital format TV, and then you do not have to buy a special set-top box.
In addition, an indoor or outdoor decimeter antenna is required. Do not believe those who say that the device must be digital or something else. Quite simply, a do-it-yourself TV antenna can be made from improvised materials, resulting in a powerful device that will perfectly receive the signal.
A simple do-it-yourself decimeter antenna
Before preparing materials for the manufacture of the device, it is necessary to calculate its future length. To do this, you need to find out the frequency at which digital broadcasting takes place, and apply a special formula: divide 7500 by the frequency in megahertz and round the result.
A decimeter antenna for TV is made from a conventional 75-ohm television coaxial cable and standard connector.
After all the correct actions, the search for channels will begin. If the repeater is located in an area up to fifteen kilometers from home, then the signal will be received well and an amplifier will not be required. If the distance is greater, then the use of an amplifier is necessary.
Do-it-yourself digital antenna "eight"
In order for the signal quality to be exactly good, you can make a more complex home-made television antenna for TV.
To make it, you will need to prepare:
- television cable;
- box;
- roulette;
- foil;
- glue;
- scotch.
The bottom of the box (for example, from under shoes) will need to be well smeared with glue and completely covered with foil. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the foil does not rise anywhere.
While the foil is sticking, you need to cut two pieces of 50 centimeters each from the cable, and strip the ends of the insulation by carefully cutting off the outer sheath with a knife. Having bent the braid to the side at all ends, bend the segments into a circle so that they do not close completely. The distance between them should be approximately 1 centimeter.
Secure the resulting figure eight with tape to the lid of the box. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the stripped ends are located next to each other. The cable on the box should hold well, so there is no need to spare the adhesive tape. The antenna frame is ready.
Now follows prepare the main cable that will connect to the TV.
It remains only to mount the connector for the TV. To do this, at the remaining end of the television cable, you need to remove the insulation, wring out and cut off the braid, remove the foil. Then, stepping back from the braid half a centimeter, remove the inner insulation of the core.
The TV connector must be screwed onto the prepared cable so that the core with insulation is not visible in the wide part. After that, from the edge of the connector, step back half a centimeter and bite off the excess part of the core, put on the second part of the connector and screw it on.
The cable and antenna are ready. Having installed the device in a convenient place, it must be directed towards the TV transmitter, connect the cable and turn on the TV. The antenna should work well, and the TV should show without interference.
Homemade antenna from cans
An antenna that will catch not one or two channels, but as many as seven or eight can be made from the simplest cans. To make it, you will need to prepare:
First of all, it should prepare the cable, removing the top layer from it in a segment of 10 centimeters from the beginning. The wiring inside the cable must be untwisted, the foil removed from under them, cut off one centimeter of the stripped layer. Put a plug on the other end of the wire.
Now follows prepare banks. Attach the core of the cable to the rings of one of them, and part of the untangled wires to the other. If there are no rings, then you can screw self-tapping screws into the jars and wind the wires on them, treating the surface with a soldering iron.
After that, the jars need with the help of adhesive tape attach to hanger. The distance between them should be 75 millimeters, the banks should be placed in one straight line.
Homemade television antenna is ready. Now you need to connect it to the TV with a plug and find a place for it where the signal will be best caught.
Indoor antenna for TV "Rhombus"
This design is a diamond-shaped frame, it is made quickly and easily, and digital television signals are received confidently and easily. For her, you will need to prepare a copper or aluminum rod about 180 centimeters long.
Rhombus should get two. One will act as a reflector, and the second as a vibrator. The side of the frame should be about 14 centimeters, and the distance between them should be about 10 centimeters.
After the rhombus is made, between the two ends of the rod it is necessary to install a dielectric. Its size and shape can be arbitrary. The main thing is to make sure that the distance between the bars is about two centimeters.
Now the upper parts of the frames need to be connected, and a cable is connected to the copper or brass petals attached to the antenna output.
If the repeater is located far away or with the help of the resulting device a weak signal quality will be caught, then it will be possible to add amplifier. The result will be an active decimeter antenna for TV, which can be used not only in the city, but also in the country.
Of course, such devices for receiving a television signal will not have an exquisite design, but with their help you can enjoy your favorite programs.
Being far outside the city, where you rarely see a house with a satellite dish, and there is no way to connect cable TV, sometimes you wonder how to make a TV antenna with your own hands.
Indeed, anything can happen with an old antenna. The cable was damaged, the signal disappeared, the wire went off and you were left without television. The situation is unpleasant, but, as it turns out, quite fixable. This problem is solved if you manage to build an indoor antenna from improvised means and, perhaps, without even resorting to the help of a soldering iron.
The easiest way to make a TV antenna
Living in apartment building, we are not immune from problems with the possible lack of TV broadcasting. But the problem can be solved quickly and quite effectively. For this, we will need copper wire and a knife. We clean both ends of the wire with a knife and tie one of them to the heating battery, and insert the other into the socket of your TV.
Turn it on and check the signal. Battery central heating stretches to the roof, thereby increasing the signal, so we, of course, cannot guarantee a hundred channels, but 5-7, such an antenna will catch and provide a fairly high-quality display.
TV antenna from aluminum cans
An ignorant person is unlikely to guess that indoor antenna do-it-yourself can be made from ordinary beer, or Coca-Cola cans. Moreover, this method has been known for a very long time. For this we need the following items:
1. Two aluminum cans.
2. Brass, copper wire or old TV cable.
3. Triangular hanger for clothes.
4. Soldering iron (for structural strength and signal improvement, but you can do without it).
5. Knife.
6. Insulating tape, adhesive tape.
The manufacturing process of a can antenna
We wash the jars and dry them thoroughly. Then, fix on the edges of the hanger so that they fit against the underside. We fix the cans, best of all, with adhesive tape or electrical tape, but other improvised means can be used. Banks need to be good.
Then, we clean the ends of the wire or cable on both sides and thread their ends through the ears, with which the cans are opened. We press these ears to the lid of the jar and insert the other end of the cable into the connector.
Note!
For structural strength, the wire can be soldered to the bank and insulated these places.
To increase the number of channels, you need to use banks of larger diameter.
TV Antenna decimeter and meter range
If you have little skills in working with a soldering iron, then you can easily assemble an antenna for a TV with your own hands in the decimeter and meter ranges. The design does not require engineering skills and to create we need: 1. A copper wire 80 cm long and up to 3 mm in diameter. 2. Double-sided fiberglass. 3. Coaxial cable up to 2 meters long and 75 ohm impedance. 4. Plug.
The procedure for manufacturing a decimeter antenna
First, you need to find a copper wire with a diameter of 2-3 mm. More than others, a single-core cable used when installing electrical wiring is suitable for this. If you find a stranded wire, then you need to separate one core without damaging the insulation. In extreme cases, aluminum wire can be used. If there is no insulation on the wiring, then for aesthetics, it can be brought into a tube, for example, from vinyl chloride. Then, make a circle of wire with a diameter of 22 cm. For the convenience of making such a circle, you can use any container of a similar diameter.
Board Assembly
To continue assembling such an antenna for television, you will have to make a board yourself. There is nothing difficult in this. We take a piece of textolite 2.5 * 3.5 cm in size and 1.5 mm thick, and place copper wire tracks on its surface, as indicated in the diagram.
Board Assembly Diagram
The wire diameter must be within 0.4 mm. It can be attached to the board with glue. To reduce the impact from the outside and give our design a beautiful look, we hide our board in a plastic or metal box, having pre-drilled holes for the ring and cable. After these preparatory work, we begin to assemble the structure.
Assembly of the TV antenna structure
We tin the ring ends with solder and put them into our box with the board. Then we bend them at a right angle, bring them to the board and make a seal. After that, we turn the board to face the bottom of the box and start preparing the cable. To do this, we install a plug on one end of the cable, and disconnect the other end and solder it to the board on the reverse side. One of the ends, the central core, is fixed to the right end of the ring, and the second is soldered to the board of our product. After these manipulations, the design is ready. We insert the plug into the TV jack and set up the channels.
DIY TV antenna for digital television
Knowing how to hold a soldering iron and a screwdriver in your hands, at home you can make an antenna for digital television at home, which will turn out to be better than many Chinese analogues that have flooded our market and, most importantly, practically for free. To do this, we need the following items: 1. A board 7 cm wide and 55 cm long. 2. A copper wire, 39 cm long and a central core diameter of 4 mm. 3. Self-tapping screws in the amount of 10 pcs. 4. Pencil, ruler, knife. 5. Plug.
To begin with, we take a board of the required size and make the markup according to the scheme:
Construction order
Dimensions are in inches. To convert to centimeters, multiply by 2.5 and round to tenths. For example, 2 and 5/8 ″, when multiplied we get 6.56, round to 6.6 cm. Then we cut our wire into 8 parts and get pieces of 37.5 cm. On each piece we make cuts 2 cm long, for connections and clean them up. After that, we cut two more wires of 22 cm each and clean them in the places where the connections will be made. We bend the wires, which we previously cut into 37.5 cm pieces, with the letter V so that the distance between the edges is 7.5 cm.
The final stage of antenna assembly
Now, in order for us to get a real television antenna for digital television, we need to correctly complete the assembly. To do this, we need to buy a plug with a coil inside and start the process of connecting the coil to the cable. The cable is connected to the coil through the lower contacts. After that, we complete the assembly of the antenna by screwing two wires, 22 cm long, to the central screws. On the other hand, we attach these wires to a plug with a coil, which, in turn, must first be attached to the back of the bar. Everything, the coil is ready to use.
frame wave channel
To make such an antenna, take a copper wire and bend a frame out of it. The side of the frame should be about 10 cm. At the junction of the ends, we connect them using the “pigtail” method. After that, after 2 cm, we begin to twist the same frame, connecting the ends in a similar way.
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Despite the rapid development of satellite and cable television, the reception of terrestrial television is still relevant, for example, for seasonal residences. It is not necessary to buy for this purpose. ready product, a home decimeter (UHF) antenna can be assembled with your own hands. Before proceeding to the consideration of designs, we will briefly describe why this particular range of the television signal was chosen.
Why DMV?
There are two good reasons to opt for this type of structure:
- The thing is that most channels are broadcast in this range, since the design of repeaters is simplified, and this makes it possible to install a larger number of unattended low-power transmitters and thereby expand the coverage area.
- This range is selected for broadcasting "numbers".
Indoor antenna for TV "Rhombus"
This simple, but at the same time, reliable design was one of the most common in the heyday of on-air television.
Rice. 1. The simplest homemade Z-antenna, known under the names: "Rhombus", "Square" and "People's Zigzag"As can be seen from the sketch (B Fig. 1), the device is a simplified version of the classic zigzag (Z-design). To increase the sensitivity, it is recommended to equip it with capacitive inserts ("1" and "2"), as well as a reflector ("A" in Fig. 1). If the signal level is acceptable, this is not necessary.
As a material, you can use aluminum, copper, as well as brass tubes or strips with a width of 10-15 mm. If you plan to install the structure on the street, then it is better to abandon aluminum, since it is susceptible to corrosion. Capacitive inserts are made of foil, tin or metal mesh. After installation, they are soldered along the contour.
The cable is laid as shown in the figure, namely: it did not have sharp bends and did not leave the limits of the side insert.
Decimeter antenna with amplifier
In places where a powerful relay tower is not located in relative proximity, you can raise the signal level to an acceptable value using an amplifier. Below is a schematic diagram of a device that can be used with almost any antenna.
Rice. 2. Antenna amplifier circuit for the UHF range Item List:
- Resistors: R1 - 150 kOhm; R2 - 1 kOhm; R3 - 680 Ohm; R4 - 75 kOhm.
- Capacitors: C1 - 3.3 pF; C2 - 15 pF; C3 - 6800 pF; C4, C5, C6 - 100 pF.
- Transistors: VT1, VT2 - GT311D (can be replaced with: KT3101, KT3115 and KT3132).
Inductance: L1 - is a frameless coil with a diameter of 4 mm, wound with copper wire Ø 0.8 mm (2.5 turns must be made); L2 and L3 are 25 µH and 100 µH high frequency chokes, respectively.
If the circuit is assembled correctly, we will get an amplifier with the following characteristics:
- bandwidth from 470 to 790 MHz;
- gain and noise coefficients - 30 and 3 dB, respectively;
- the value of the output and input resistance of the device corresponds to the RG6 cable - 75 Ohm;
- the device consumes about 12-14 mA.
Let's pay attention to the way the power is supplied, it is carried out directly through the cable.
This amplifier can work with the simplest designs made from improvised means.
Indoor antenna made from beer cans
Despite the unusual design, it is quite functional, since it is a classic dipole, especially since the dimensions of a standard can are perfect for the arms of a UHF vibrator. If the device is installed in a room, then in this case it is not even necessary to coordinate with the cable, provided that it is not longer than two meters.
Designations:
- A - two cans with a volume of 500 mg (if you take tin, not aluminum, you can solder the cable, and not use self-tapping screws).
- B - places for fastening the shielding braid of the cable.
- C - central vein.
- D - the place of attachment of the central core
- E - cable coming from the TV.
The arms of this exotic dipole must be mounted on a holder made of any insulating material. As such, you can use improvised things, for example, a plastic clothes hanger, a mop bar, or a piece of wooden beam appropriate sizes. The distance between the shoulders is from 1 to 8 cm (selected empirically).
The main advantages of the design are fast production (10 - 20 minutes) and quite acceptable quality of the "picture", provided that the signal strength is sufficient.
Making a copper wire antenna
There is a design that is much simpler than the previous version, which requires only a piece of copper wire. This is a narrow band loop antenna. Such a solution has undoubted advantages, since in addition to its main purpose, the device plays the role of a selective filter that reduces interference, which allows you to confidently receive a signal.
Fig.4. A simple UHF loop antenna for receiving digital TV For this design, it is necessary to calculate the length of the loop, to do this, you need to find out the frequency of the “numbers” for your region. For example, in St. Petersburg it is broadcast on 586 and 666 MHz. The calculation formula will be: L R = 300/f, where L R is the length of the loop (the result is presented in meters), and f is the average frequency range, for Peter this value will be 626 (the sum of 586 and 666 divided by 2). Now we calculate L R, 300/626 = 0.48, which means that the length of the loop should be 48 centimeters.
If you take a thick RG-6 cable, where there is a braided foil, then it can be used instead of copper wire to make a loop.
Now we will tell you how the structure is assembled:
- A piece of copper wire (or RG6 cable) is measured and cut off with a length equal to L R .
- A loop of a suitable diameter is folded, after which a cable is soldered to its ends, which goes to the receiver. If RG6 is used instead of copper wire, then the insulation is first removed from its ends, by about 1-1.5 cm (the central core does not need to be cleaned, it does not participate in the process).
- The loop is installed on the stand.
- An F connector (plug) is screwed onto the cable to the receiver.
Note that despite the simplicity of the design, it is most effective for receiving "numbers", provided that the calculations are carried out correctly.
Do-it-yourself indoor antenna MV and UHF
If, in addition to UHF, there is a desire to receive MV, you can assemble a simple multiwave oven, its drawing with dimensions is presented below.
To amplify the signal in this design, a ready-made SWA 9 block is used, if there are problems with its acquisition, you can use a home-made device, the circuit of which was given above (see Fig. 2).
It is important to observe the angle between the petals, going beyond the specified range significantly affects the quality of the "picture".
Despite the fact that such a device is much simpler than a log-periodic design with a wave channel, nevertheless, it shows good results if the signal is of sufficient power.
Do-it-yourself figure-eight antenna for digital TV
Consider another common design option for receiving "numbers". It is based on the classic scheme for the UHF range, which, due to its shape, was called the "Eight" or "Zigzag".
Rice. 6. Sketch and implementation of the digital eight Construction dimensions:
- the outer sides of the rhombus (A) - 140 mm;
- inner sides (B) - 130 mm;
- distance to the reflector (C) - from 110 to 130 mm;
- width (D) - 300 mm;
- step between the bars (E) - from 8 to 25 mm.
The cable connection point is at points 1 and 2. The requirements for the material are the same as for the Rhombus design, which was described at the beginning of the article.
Homemade antenna for DBT T2
Actually, all the examples listed above are capable of receiving DBT T2, but for a change, we will give a sketch of another design, popularly called the “Butterfly”.
As a material, you can use plates made of copper, brass, aluminum or duralumin. If the structure is planned to be installed on the street, then the last two options are not suitable.
Outcome: which option to stop?
Oddly enough, but the simplest option is the most effective, so the "loop" is best suited for receiving the "digit" (Fig. 4). But, if you need to receive other channels in the decimeter range, then it is better to stop at the "Zigzag" (Fig. 6).
The antenna for the TV should be directed towards the nearest active repeater, to select the desired position, rotate the structure until the signal strength is satisfactory.
If, despite the presence of an amplifier and a reflector, the quality of the "picture" leaves much to be desired, you can try to install the structure on the mast.
In this case, it is necessary to install lightning protection, but this is a topic for another article.
It has always been difficult to get high-quality antennas - the Soviet industry practically did not produce them, so people themselves made them from improvised means. Today, the situation has not changed much - in stores you can only find lightweight aluminum Chinese crafts that do not show good results and rarely live more than a year. What to do if you like to watch TV, but there is no quality reception? The answer is simple - make a TV antenna with your own hands. If you have free time and a couple skillful hands everyone can handle it.
Introduction
Most recently, analog television operated in Russia, but now almost the entire country has switched to digital broadcasting. Its main difference is that it works in the decimeter range.
Create a homemade antenna for digital range possible at home
This was done for reasons of economy and safety - care for transmitting antenna-feeder stations is actually not required, their maintenance is minimized, and harm from contact with powerful transmitters for masters is minimal. But such stations have one serious shortcoming - low power. And if in big city the signal can often be caught even on a piece of copper wire, then far from the transmitter, reception can be difficult. If you live outside the city, in remote areas or villages, you will have to assemble your own antenna and take it outside to catch the desired signal.
Attention: signal problems can occur even in the city center. Decimeter waves are practically not muffled by other sources, but are reflected from thick reinforced concrete walls. In modern high-rise buildings there are many places where they are completely attenuated, not reaching the TV receiver.
It is also worth noting that DVB-T2 ( new standard television) offers a fairly constant but weak signal. With a noise level one and a half to two units above the norm, the TV reproduces the air quite clearly, but as soon as the noise exceeds 2 dB, the signal disappears completely. Digital television is not sensitive to electromagnetic interference - it is not knocked down by a working refrigerator or microwave. But if there is a mismatch anywhere in the system, then the picture stops or falls apart. A high-quality homemade TV antenna will solve this problem, but in some cases, it will have to be taken out onto the street or onto the roof.
Basic requirements for antennas
The television standards in force in the USSR do not fit modern realities - the protective and directional coefficients today have practically no effect on signals. The air in the cities is clogged and contains a lot of dirt, so you should not pay attention to these coefficients. You are guaranteed to receive interference on any antenna, so you do not need to achieve a reduction in DRR AND NPV. It is better to improve the gain of the antenna so that it receives a large range of air and selects the desired stream, rather than focusing on a specific signal. The processor of the set-top box or TV itself will isolate the necessary signals and create a normal picture.
Classic Polish antenna with amplifier
So, how to make a do-it-yourself TV antenna? Experienced engineers recommend building band antennas. They must be correctly calculated by taking signals in the classical way, and not by engineering "optimizations" and traps. The ideal option - the device fully complies with theoretical calculations and geometry. Also, the constructed antenna must be consistent with the cable at operating ranges without the use of matching devices. In this case, it is best to create a frequency response smooth and even, since phase distortions appear when the amplitude-frequency characteristic fails or jumps.
Attention: analog antennas with ferrite USS, providing full-fledged reception of the old signal, practically do not work with DVB. It is necessary to build a “digital” antenna.
In the article we will analyze modern types of antennas that work with new digital broadcasting.
Antenna types
What do-it-yourself digital TV antennas can be assembled at home? There are three most common options:
- All-wave, or as radio amateurs call it, is frequency independent. It assembles very quickly, does not require high knowledge or specialized tools. Well suited for the private sector, villages, country cooperatives - where the air is not littered with garbage, but not far from the transmitter.
- Do-it-yourself log-periodic band TV antenna. It has a simple design, well receives a signal at a close and medium distance from the transmitter. It can be used as a remote if the transmitter is located far away, or as a home wall antenna.
- Z-antenna and its variations. Many radio amateurs are familiar with meter-long "zashki" - they are quite large and require a lot of effort to assemble. But in the decimeter range, they are quite compact and do their job well.
The nuances of construction
If you want to build a quality antenna, you must master the art of soldering. You can not twist the contacts and guides - during operation they are oxidized, the signal is lost, the picture quality deteriorates. Therefore, all connections are soldered.
Such connections are not allowed - be sure to solder them
You also need to deal with zero-potential points where currents occur even when there is no voltage. Experts recommend making them from a single piece of metal, without using welding at all. Even high-quality welded pieces can make noise at the boundary values, while a solid strip will “pull out” the signal.
Also, when creating a homemade antenna for digital TV, you need to deal with soldering cables. Today, copper is practically not used for braiding, since it is expensive and quickly oxidizes. Modern braid is made of steel, which is not afraid of corrosion, but it is very poorly soldered. It must not be overheated or squeezed. Use 36-40 watt soldering irons, flux and light solder to connect. Dip the winding well in the flux and apply solder - it is perfectly taken with this method of application.
All Wave Antenna
The all-wave antenna has a fairly simple design. It consists of triangles, copper wire and wooden slats. You can study the design in more detail in the picture - it does not represent something supernatural.
The thickness of the wire can be any, the distance between adjacent wires is 25-30 mm, the distance between the plates is no more than 10 mm. The design can be improved by abandoning the plates and using textolite. It needs to be given the appropriate shape or just remove the copper foil in the shape of a triangle.
The remaining proportions are standard - the height of the device must match the width, the plates diverge at a right angle. Zero potential is located on the extreme line of the home antenna for the TV, just at the intersection of the cable with the vertical guide. To avoid quality losses, the cable must be pulled to it with a tie - this is enough for coordination. Such an antenna, hung out on the street or directed at a window, receives virtually the entire frequency range, but has a small dip, so you need to set the correct angle when fixing the antenna.
By the way, this design can be upgraded with ordinary aluminum cans from beer and cola. The principle of its operation is as follows: with an increase in the span of the shoulders, the working band expands, although the rest of the indicators remain within the original limits. The Nadenenko dipole, often used in military developments, works on the same principle. Aluminum cans fit perfectly in shape and size, creating vibrator arms in the decimeter range.
Double Can Antenna for TV
You can create a simple canned antenna by simply soldering two cans to a cable. This do-it-yourself indoor TV antenna is suitable for viewing channels at a short to medium distance from transmitters. Nothing needs to be coordinated in this scheme, especially if the cable length is less than 2 meters.
You can complicate the design by assembling a full-fledged lattice from eight cans and using an amplifier from an ordinary Polish antenna. This design is great for hanging outdoors in areas remote from the transmitter. To enhance the signal, a metal mesh can be placed behind the structure.
Z antenna
There are complex Z-antenna designs with multiple loops, but in most cases they are not needed. You can easily assemble a structure from ordinary copper wire 3 mm thick. If you don’t have one, then just buy a single-core copper wire 3 mm long and 120 mm long - this will be enough for you to work. This design consists of two segments. We bend the wire according to the following scheme:
- The starting section is 14 centimeters long. Its edge is bent into a loop to connect with the latter (loop 1 cm, total length the first piece - 13 cm).
- The second piece is bent at 90 degrees (it is better to bend with pliers to keep the angles). Its length is 14 cm.
- The third piece is bent at 90 degrees parallel to the first, length 14 cm.
- The fourth and fifth pieces are 13 cm each, the bend does not reach the loop by 2 cm.
- The sixth and seventh pieces are 14 cm each, bent at 90 degrees.
- Eighth - returns to the loop, length 14.1 cm goes to a new loop.
Next, you need to clean the two loops well and solder them. The opposite corner is also cleared. Cable contacts are soldered to them - to one central, to the second - a braid. There is no difference to which contact to solder.. It is advisable to insulate the soldered places, for this you can use sealants or hot melt adhesive. The ends of the cable are soldered to the plug and also insulated with cambric.
You can assemble such an antenna in half an hour
To avoid displacement of the segments, the edges can be reinforced. To do this, take an ordinary plastic cap from a five-liter bottle, cut 4 slots in it so that the wire sinks to the base. Cut the fifth hole for the cable. Then put the antenna into the cover (after checking the quality and reliability of the soldering), and fill it with hot glue. The resulting design will be practically eternal - it is capable of receiving a stable signal at a distance of up to 10 km from the source.
So, you already know what can be used instead of a TV antenna. In fact, the designs are much larger than those that we have described, but even these will be enough for you. If you live far from the signal source, then you will need amplifying antennas - you can get by with the classic “polka” with gain. Well, if everything is bad with the ether, then use satellites.
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A simple antenna for receiving digital TV - do it yourself
Digital TV T2 gaining momentum in popularity. And this is natural, digital television is replacing analog television and this is an irreversible process. Moreover, in the near future, analogue broadcasting will be completely discontinued. What should users do if they have TVs without a T2 receiver and no cable TV?
The answer is simple - buy a T2 prefix. To date, the price of T2 consoles has dropped a lot and does not look sky-high. The benefits are quite large: you get a lot of channels in digital quality, no monthly fees, minimal costs and no need to buy a new TV.
Only by comparing the quality of digital and analog TV you will never regret your choice.
Quite a lot has been written on the choice of T2 receivers. Moreover, new models are constantly being released. I would advise you to take an inexpensive, but new model, after reading the reviews on the websites of online stores. As a rule, any receiver works, but the antenna has great importance. Even if you are not far from the TV tower, high-rise buildings, etc. block it.
- and this is almost always, then a good antenna is the key to trouble-free (and most importantly, nerve-free) high-quality reception maximum number digital TV channels.
But an expensive antenna is not always a good antenna. Especially if you are 50 km or more away from the TV tower. The stores offer "special" antennas for T2. In fact, there is nothing “special”, you need a good antenna for the DCM range.
If you still have an old DCM antenna, first of all try to connect it. Widespread "Polish" antennas are not suitable for receiving digital T2 channels.
I offer a proven version of a simple, at the same time excellently proven, homemade antenna for T2.
The shape of the antenna is not new, it has been used for a long time when receiving DCM analog television, but the dimensions are optimized for receiving T2 digital channels.
It is worth noting that the Internet offers a large number of options for homemade antennas for T2: from beer cans, from the antenna cable itself, a converted Polish one, etc.
This is for the completely lazy, well, you should not expect quality from such antennas.
So. The long-known "eight" is taken as the shape of the antenna. The body of the antenna is made of any conductive material of suitable cross section. It can be a copper or aluminum wire with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, a tube, a strip, a tire, a corner, a profile.
Copper, of course, is preferable. I used a copper tube with a diameter of 6 mm. A good option and copper wire. I just had this tube.
Dimensions
The outer side of the square is 14 cm, the inner side is slightly smaller - 13 cm. Due to this, the middle of the two squares does not converge, leaving a gap of about 2 cm.
All you need is a tube, wire or other material, 115 cm long (this is with a small margin).
The first section is 13 cm + 1 cm for a loop (for strength), if made of wire, or riveted for soldering with an overlap for a tube.
The second and third - 14 cm each, the fourth and fifth - 13 cm each, the sixth and seventh - 14 cm each, and the last eighth - 13 cm + 1 cm, again for the connection.
We clean the ends by 1.5 - 2 cm, twist two loops for each other, and then solder the junction. This will be one cable connection pin. After 2 cm another.
From copper tube it looks like this
It is a little more difficult to bend the tube, but great precision is not required from us.
Small flaws in the form do not affect the performance of the antenna. But the fact that the area of the conductor increases is a plus.
Well, the conductivity of copper is higher than that of aluminum and, especially, steel. The higher the conductivity, the better reception antennas.
The connection prepared for soldering is pre-riveted and cleaned.
For soldering, you need to use a powerful soldering iron (from 150 watts). Simple amateur radio for 30 watts. don't solder. You can use acid for soldering.
Once again check the geometry and solder the connection
All simple DIY antenna for T2 ready.
If you are not particularly bothered by the aesthetic appearance, you can simply mount the antenna on a glazing bead or any other handy holder. This antenna was located in the attic, so the simplest method of fastening was used - electrical tape. If the antenna will be placed on the street, take care of a more aesthetic and reliable fastener.
This is a variant of the T2 antenna made of aluminum wire with a diameter of 3 mm.
Fixed with one screw on the window. The distance to the TV tower is about 25 km. True, the 6th floor, I did not check below, but under these conditions, the signal level is 100% and the quality is 100%. The cable is old, 12 meters to the TV. Receives all 32 channels. At first I was worried that it was not copper, but as it turned out, in vain. Everything turned out great on ordinary aluminum wire (which was available). That is, if you have a zone of reliable reception, then you can not bother and safely use aluminum (I don’t know, maybe steel will do).
This antenna does not use any amplifiers. It is configured very simply - turn to the maximum signal level and quality on the channels of your tuner.
DIY digital antenna
Check other channels and fix the antenna. In case of poor reception, you can experiment not only by turning, but also by changing the location and height. Very often, the signal can be many times stronger when the antenna is displaced by only 0.5-1m to the side or in height.
Good luck - the antenna has been tested - 100% operational and better than at least half, or even more purchased antennas, where they save on everything and sell garbage for good money.
Types of television receiving antennas
Split vibrator (dipole)
Dipoles are: wave, half-wave, quarter-wave.
Wave have a vibrator length equal to the wavelength of the received signal, half-wave - half, quarter-wave - quarters. The characteristic impedance of the dipole is 300 ohms, therefore, in order to match the TV cable and the TV in amateur conditions, a matching half-wave loop made from a piece of TV cable is used.
The drop cable (for all TV antennas) must have a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms. The dipole is an analogue of the indoor antenna that comes with TVs.
Well-known antennas: Locus, Delta and the like, in the meter range are a split dipole, which is consistent with the cable using a special transformer.
Antenna properties - broadband.
Gain - 1 dB. The radiation pattern has front and rear lobes of the same size, so it "catches" radio waves in the operating band from all directions, the useful signal and interference with equal success.
The tilt of the vibrators has little effect on the gain and radiation pattern of the antenna.
Combined antenna: meter - split dipole, decimeter - log-periodic
The loop vibrator is a single-channel antenna.
Gain - 1 dB. Radiation pattern with identical front and rear lobes.
Used as a reference antenna.
Antenna type "wave channel"
The loop vibrator is not used individually and is active part for "wave channel" type antennas. The "wave channel" antenna is a set of an active element - a vibrator (usually a loop vibrator) and passive elements - a reflector and several directors installed on one common boom.
Passive vibrators located in front of the active vibrator (in the direction of the television center) are called directors. Vibrators located behind the active vibrator are called reflectors.
The reflector serves to weaken the reception of signals from the rear of the antenna, which improves the noise immunity of the on-air antenna. With an increase in the number of directors, the width of the antenna diagram narrows and its gain increases. For long (more than 15 elements) antennas, it can be considered that the gain increases by about 2.2 dB for every doubling of the antenna length.
It should be noted one trouble associated with the use of multi-element antennas of the "wave channel" type: when passive elements are added to the loop vibrator, the input impedance of the antenna decreases. For consumers, this does not matter, since all antennas are equipped with a matching transformer. The uniformity of the frequency response of the antenna strongly depends on the quality of its coordination with the cable and the TV, with a slight mismatch, the unevenness increases and individual television channels will be "caught" with attenuation.
In some cases, the best result is given by a log-periodic antenna, which has a lower gain (with an equal number of elements), but a more uniform frequency response.
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Antenna type "wave channel" |
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| Dual Element Antennas | Three element antennas | Five element antennas |
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are rarely used, since their characteristics are not much better performance single vibrator. |
Gain - 5.1-5.6 dB. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is larger than the rear one, the opening angle is 70 degrees. |
Gain - 8.6-8.9 dB. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is larger than the rear one, the opening angle is 50 degrees. |
| Seven element type antennas | Eleven element antennas | Sixteen element antennas |
| The gain is approximately 10 dB. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is larger than the rear. |
The gain is approximately 12 dB. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is larger than the rear. | The gain is approximately 13.5 dB. Front lobe larger than rear |
Antenna Lumax "Wave channel", 6-12 channel
Antennas of the "Wave channel" type are widely used in various professional radio communication and radar devices.
Most industrially manufactured collective and individual television antennas are also Wave Channel antennas. This is due to the fact that such antennas are quite compact and provide a large gain with relatively small dimensions.
Log-periodic antennas
Log-periodic antennas- broadband antennas that provide reception of TV channels in a wide frequency range: meter and decimeter waves.
The operating frequency band of a log-periodic antenna at low frequencies is limited by the size of the largest and smallest antenna vibrators. In the operating range, good antenna-to-feeder matching is provided, and the gain remains practically constant. A log-periodic antenna with a number of vibrators equal to 10-11 is equivalent in terms of gain to a three- to four-element antenna of the "Wave channel" type. At the same time, the log-periodic antenna operates in a much wider frequency band than the "Wave channel" type antenna, which makes it possible to receive TV channels of meter and decimeter waves on one antenna.
The feeder is connected to the LPA without a special balancing and matching device. A cable with a wave resistance of 75 ohms is inserted into the lower pipe from the end and exits at the end, which is directed to the TV center, here the cable braid is connected to the end of the lower pipe, and the central core to the end of the upper pipe.
Principle of operation: depending on the wavelength of the received signal, several vibrators are excited in the antenna structure, the dimensions of which are closest to half the wavelength of the signal, which, according to the principle of operation, resembles several "Wave Channel" antennas connected together, each of which contains a vibrator, a reflector and director.
At a given signal wavelength, only one trio of vibrators is excited, and the rest are so detuned that they do not affect the operation of the antenna. This leads to the fact that the LPA gain is less than the gain of the "Wave channel" antenna with the same number of elements, but the bandwidth is much wider.
By analogy with amplifiers, the "antenna gain area": the product (KU) by the width (PP) is a constant value, therefore, the wider the bandwidth, the lower the gain for a given antenna size.
REMO log-periodic antenna, 6-69 TV channel
A log-periodic antenna is used in the zone of reliable reception of TV channels, for receiving a large number TV channels in favorable conditions reception (lack of interference and reflected television signals).
Loop Antennas
Loop Antennas designed for receiving TV channels, when the simplest antennas or antennas of the "wave channel" type cannot provide a satisfactory image quality on the TV screen.
Two- or three-element loop antennas are used, which are otherwise referred to as "double square" or "triple square", respectively. Loop antennas combine high gain with simple design with a relatively narrow bandwidth and do not require tuning.
Practical application as television receiving antennas is rarely found. were widespread ( homemade options) in " Soviet time", when there was a shortage of television antennas on sale.
"Double square" Single-channel. Gain - 9-11 dB.
The wave impedance is about 70 ohms. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is much larger than the rear lobe.
"Triple square" Single channel. Gain - 14-15 dB. The wave impedance is about 70 ohms. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is much larger than the rear lobe.
In-phase antenna arrays
Common mode antenna array is a complex directional antenna system consisting of separate weakly directional antennas separated in space and located in such a way that the phases of the signals induced in them are the same.
As a rule, an in-phase array is assembled from identical antennas arranged in several rows and several floors. The use of several antennas connected in an in-phase array instead of one antenna leads to a narrowing of the radiation pattern and an increase in the gain compared to the gain of a single antenna included in the array.
single channel.
Gain - increases in the range from 4 to 5 dB when the number of antennas in the array is doubled. The impedance is approximately 70 ohms. The front lobe of the radiation pattern is several times larger than the rear lobe.
In-phase grating from Channel Master, USA
"Polish" antennas
They are a four-story in-phase grating equipped with a built-in amplifier.
How to make an antenna for digital TV with your own hands
They have a reflector in the form of a lattice located behind the antenna. Polish antennas became widespread in the early 90s, when the antenna market was not very diverse. Actually, it was not a Polish idea, Philips and others had developments well-known firms, the Poles made a cheap, affordable option.
The grating is equipped with a built-in antenna amplifier and shows good results in receiving remote TV signals from 6 to 69 channels. Due to its cheapness, the design of the antenna is very fragile and short-lived, and the long whiskers of the meter range instantly bend under the weight of the birds or the influence of the wind and lose their receiving properties.
Amplifiers are not immune to ESD and often "blow out" during thunderstorms. The antenna is poorly protected from interference, and often the "excited" amplifier itself is a source of interference.
The antenna is not suitable for use in urban areas.
All-wave. Gain - own UHF 13-14 dB, with an amplifier up to 40 dB. Wave impedance - 75 ohms with a matching transformer.
Traveling wave antennas
Traveling wave antennas It is customary to call directional antennas, along the geometric axis of which a traveling wave of the received signal propagates, these are aperiodic antennas.
Typically, a traveling wave antenna consists of a collecting line to which several vibrators are connected, located at the same distance from one another. induced electromagnetic field The emf in the vibrators is added in the collecting line in phase and enters the feeder.
The gain of a traveling wave antenna is determined by the length of the collecting line and is proportional to the ratio of this length to the wavelength of the received signal. In addition, the antenna gain depends on the directional properties of the vibrators connected to the collecting line. At the traveling wave antenna, all vibrators are active, the signal energy received by them is transmitted to the collecting line. If the "Wave Channel" antennas are narrow-band and are able to effectively receive a signal only on one specific frequency channel, to which their sizes correspond, then the traveling wave antennas are broad-band and do not need to be tuned at all.
Combined antenna: meter, traveling wave, decimeter, "wave" channel from Channel Master, USA. Reception radius up to 60 miles
Combined antenna: meter, traveling wave, decimeter, "wave" channel from Channel Master, USA.
Reception radius up to 100 miles
As you can see in the pictures: in the first case, the working band of the antenna is formed by inclined vibrators of various lengths, in the second case, the working band is formed using vibrators of two types and different sizes.
These antennas are not widely used in Russia, but these antennas, without exaggeration, are an installer's dream. The working conditions of installers on the roof are not a gift: snow and wind, frost and ice, rain and scorching sun. Assembling antennas in such conditions is not easy, but you take the Channel Master out of the box, straighten the vibrators until they are fixed in special clamps and the antenna is ready for installation.
The price of these antennas is commensurate with tri-band antennas, they are mechanically strong and have good receiving characteristics. There are two types of antennas with a different number of vibrators.
The digital encoding of the television signal allows it to be delivered to the receiver, minimizing any losses. The TV needs a DVB-T2 antenna to support the technology. Making such a device with your own hands is much cheaper than buying a ready-made one, paying about 3 thousand rubles for it. Terrestrial digital television is replacing all similar types of signal transmission, while offering high-quality broadcasting and a variety of channels.
Live changes
Making an antenna for an old-style tube TV was considered prestigious at one time and showed the level of skill, in modern world interest in homemade appliances does not fade away, and many make DVB-T2 terrestrial antennas with their own hands. Manufacturers industrial equipment adapt to changing reception conditions by connecting modern electronics to standard famous designs, completely ignoring the fact that the main condition for the operation of the antenna is its interaction with the on-air signal.
AT last years almost all broadcasting takes place in the DVB-T2 range, which reduces the cost and simplifies, from an economic point of view, the antenna-feeder economy of transmission stations. Periodic maintenance requires fewer highly qualified personnel, and their work becomes less harmful and dangerous.
Television broadcast transmitters cover all major cities and sparsely populated villages with signals, so catching waves from unattended low-power stations in remote areas becomes relevant if a do-it-yourself DVB-T2 antenna is installed, made from improvised materials.
Due to the expanded construction of reinforced concrete buildings within the city, the conditions for signal propagation in settlements. Multi-storey buildings with metal frame are a kind of mirrors, reflecting waves several times up to complete attenuation.
There are many TV channels on the air today. A digital signal differs from the rest in that it either exists or it does not exist, there is no middle position given. Other transmission systems differ in that the channels perceive interference differently, which reduces their broadcast quality, sometimes the image may simply disappear. An antenna for DVB-T2, made by yourself, will allow you to receive the same signal for all channels that show the same quality picture.
A digital broadcast signal is special in that it is not affected by interference, if it is one and a half decibels higher than the noise, then good reception is achieved. Loss of signal is affected by mismatch with the cable or phase distortion in any part of the transmission from the camera to the tuner, while the image can crumble into small pieces even with a strong signal.
Basic features for manufacturing an antenna
Before DVB-T2 with your own hands, you should study the principle of its operation.
To capture a digital signal, it is required that it is very easy to design even from a simple cable, after making the correct calculation.
The theory says that digital signals are easily broadcast in the decimeter range and can be received by any type of antenna, but in reality this is not always the case.
You can make a television antenna yourself with minimal cost and without the help of outsiders, but it should be remembered that the received device is inferior to professional devices in terms of reception quality.
Antenna Requirements
New conditions for broadcasting, distribution and reception on the air have changed the basic requirements that do-it-yourself TV antennas must meet. DVB-T2 has canceled previously significant directional and protective factors. They're in modern appliances do not matter, since the air is polluted, and even small penetrating interference can be dealt with only by means of electronics. At the same time, an important role is played by the intrinsic gain of the antenna (GA).
An antenna that tracks the air well has a power reserve for the received signal, which allows the electronics to sift it from interference and noise. A modern do-it-yourself DVB-T2 antenna retains electrical performance in a natural way, and does not adapt to acceptable parameters using engineering techniques. It is coordinated over the entire operating frequency range without the use of balancing devices.
Antenna Amplitude and Frequency Characteristics
The antenna is made as smooth as possible, phase distortion occurs due to spikes and dips. Single-frequency antennas are stretched in an acceptable noise-to-signal ratio, thus allowing them to receive up to 40 channels. But matching amplifiers are additionally installed to them, which absorb waves or distort phase indicators.
The most efficient do-it-yourself DVB-T2 digital antenna is made:
- frequency-independent - with low performance, but cheap and easy to manufacture, designed in a short period of time, intended for reception in a relatively clean air at a short distance from the transmitted station;
- periodic range, catching all the waves in the open space, ideally sorting them, which has a simple design, ideally works in tandem with a frider throughout the entire length of the reception.
If we talk about the design, then the simplest do-it-yourself DVB-T2 antenna is made in the “eight”, “Polish” and “square” versions.
Antenna type "eight"
Refers to easily constructed devices, made according to the standard figure-eight type, from which the reflector is removed. The ideal material is but aluminum strip, corner, tube, tire, other profile is used. Top size 140 mm side part along the length of 130 mm, but these dimensions are given as a guide, in the manufacture they should not be kept exactly to the millimeter.
First, cut a wire 112 cm long, begin to bend the first part 140 mm long, of which 130 mm goes to the antenna, and 10 mm remains for the loop. The next two sections are bent equally to a length of 140 mm, the next two are 130 mm each, the next pair is 140 mm each, then another 140 mm, then 130 mm and a second loop is made. The connections are pre-cleaned, connected and soldered, they are also contacts for fastening the cable core.
Stripping the cable and plug is done with a scalpel and needle file. After soldering, the joints are sealed and fastened with glue from a hot gun. If we talk about the plug, then the glue is poured into the solder joint, then into the cavity of the cap, then the excess is removed. The joint is assembled so quickly that the adhesive mass does not harden. It turns out an eternal strong and elastic connection. For contact, we clean the ends of the cable from the side of the plug by 1 cm, from the side of the antenna - by 2 cm.
Do-it-yourself indoor digital DVB-T2 antenna, when connected by soldering, is also sealed with glue, where it is recommended to install a rigid frame at the contact point according to the size of the joint. If the device is made for itself and will be rigidly fixed during operation, and the transfer is not needed, then the frame is not made. A device made according to this type easily picks up digital signals in a direct line of sight of a television tower at a distance of up to 10 km when installed outdoors.
Using a "Polish" antenna
The "Polish" antenna got its name during the former Soviet Union as a reliable device for receiving Soviet television signals, as well as channels in the decimeter range. Reception of digital broadcasting on it is practically not carried out due to low efficiency. Some amateurs are trying to bring the design to the ideal by shortening the long decimeter mustache and removing the reflector. Such a change in some cases allows you to adjust the image in digital format, but it is impossible to talk about guaranteed obtaining a reliable result. Speaking of Polish appliances, we can note quality work amplifier that works effectively with a digital signal.
Antenna type "square"
Such a do-it-yourself DVB-T2 indoor antenna is a modified copy standard design, known as the "three squares", in which there are six components and a matching transformer is provided. A self-made antenna of this type confidently copes with receiving digital TV channels at a distance of up to 10 km in a straight line, for longer distances a signal amplifier is required.
The design of the antenna is simple in execution. The main structural element consists of round aluminum wire and solid wires. The wire is bent to obtain six squares and a matching tap is made, which is a high-frequency transformer, so that the cable and DVB-T2 antenna are combined with an amplifier by signal. With their own hands, they solder the wires to the points, wrap them with copper wire and tin with a soldering iron.
The cable is attached to the antenna with special clamps or with ordinary insulating tape. The cable is connected with a support, a wooden plank or other material is used. When installing indoors or outdoors, the main condition is precise tuning to the television tower. This is done using the navigator, if there is no line of sight, the direction is specified to the effect of obtaining a strong signal.
Beer can antenna device
The manufacturing technology of such an efficient antenna is very simple and does not require special skills.
Using a thick awl or screwdriver, make neat holes in the neck of each of the two cans, then screw the screws into them. The cable ends are freed from the braid, copper wires they are cleaned with a knife from varnish, attach them under the caps of the self-tapping screws. It is very good to solder the resulting joint, but not necessary.
The DVB-T2 digital antenna is almost made by hand, it remains to fix the cans on the prepared rail or pipe so that there is a distance of 7.5 cm between them. The second cable end is equipped with a standard plug that connects to the receiver, the device is installed in the place of the best signal fixation. Placement of this type of device on the street requires reliable protection from bad weather. This is done by any waterproof material, often used plastic bottles big size. The antenna receives up to 15 satellite TV channels and digital broadcasting.
Use of instruments and amplification
At a certain distance from the television tower, the antenna is able to receive signals without installing additional amplifying devices. To receive a signal from a greater distance, they are stocked with a wave amplifier with separate power supply. The device is arranged near the tuner, and the matching device is made additionally, for its manufacture you need:
- potentiometer for gain adjustment;
- standard decoupled chokes L4 and L3;
- coils L2 and L1 are wound according to the dimensions from the reference book;
- a metal screen to separate the circuits at the output from the circuit of the device.
Amplifiers are placed no further than 3 meters from the place where the DVB-T2 antenna is installed from the cable, which receives power from its own unit with its contacts. When installing an antenna near a broadcasting tower, it is not recommended to additionally use an amplifier, since a strong signal worsens the image and has an additional effect on the entire structure. The recommended cable length is three meters, a larger wire will unbalance the balun.
Application of a symmetrizer
This device is needed for any type of antenna, and it does not matter whether it was made at the factory or in the craftsman's workshop. Antenna for DVB-T2, made by hand, gives out good quality images when connected to a tuner. If the cable length is more than 10 m, then when installed outside the building, there are inconsistencies in the resistance of the outer space and the cable. In this case, you need to use complete solution antenna economy symmetrizer, which greatly improves the quality of the image on the screen.
Cable laying and antenna installation
The main rule is to set the antenna to a height. If this cannot be done in the room, you need to take the device to an external wall. To install an antenna in a private building, digital broadcast operators rely on a device height of 10 m. If the antenna is located on the ground floor of the house, then those nearby metal constructions, industrial facilities cause deterioration in reception.
When the antenna is located under a canopy or roof of the house, attention is paid to the roofing material - it should not contain a metallized coating or sputtering in the composition. Metal tiles, corrugated board, iron or foil insulation create significant interference with the reception of digital television signals.
For highly located receiving antennas on a metal mast or pin, a steel rod of at least one meter in size is provided, to which a ground wire is connected. The device located on the roof includes common system grounding at home.
The cable is not led out through the flue and ventilation ducts, do not hang on existing electric wires, even if they look more than reliable. Holes in the walls are inclined so that moisture from the street does not flow into the room; special plugs are used, which are commercially available. If the antenna is made soundly and correctly, they take a high quality cable and wall sockets, since after the final finishing of the walls it is difficult to remake the cable in the wall and replace it with a more reliable one.
Antenna Mounting Safety Precautions
Before installing or adjusting an already mounted antenna at a height, make sure that this action is safe:
- do not climb onto weakly fixed and shaky structures, if high-altitude work is associated with danger, be sure to put on a mounting belt and attach it to a fixed part of the building structure;
- it is not allowed to hold the end of the assistant without first securing it, if the assistant falls, he will not hold the weight of the body in his hands;
- it is forbidden to climb to a height alone, when the structures are iced, to walk on the old roof, to step on the connecting seams;
- Do not install the antenna in rain and fog.
In conclusion, it should be said that it is quite simple to make your own receiving device in order to watch digital television. DVB-T2 - a do-it-yourself antenna - in terms of quality (if you follow the right technology) is almost as good as store-bought counterparts. The cost of materials will save a decent amount of money, which is important for some people.
