How to make a TV antenna from a room battery. Do-it-yourself home TV antenna

The digital encoding of the television signal allows it to be delivered to the receiver, minimizing any losses. The TV needs a DVB-T2 antenna to support the technology. Making such a device with your own hands is much cheaper than buying a ready-made one, paying about 3 thousand rubles for it. Terrestrial digital television is replacing all similar types of signal transmission, while offering high-quality broadcasting and a variety of channels.

Live changes

Making an antenna for an old-style tube TV was considered prestigious at one time and showed the level of skill, in the modern world, interest in homemade appliances does not fade away, and many make DVB-T2 terrestrial antennas with their own hands. Industrial equipment manufacturers are adapting to changing reception conditions by connecting modern electronics to standard famous designs, completely ignoring the fact that the main condition for the operation of the antenna is its interaction with the on-air signal.

In recent years, almost all broadcasting takes place in the DVB-T2 range, which reduces the cost and simplifies, from an economic point of view, the antenna-feeder economy of transmission stations. Periodic maintenance requires fewer highly qualified personnel, and their work becomes less harmful and dangerous.

Television broadcast transmitters cover all major cities and sparsely populated villages with signals, so catching waves from unattended low-power stations in remote areas becomes relevant if a do-it-yourself DVB-T2 antenna is installed, made from improvised materials.

Due to the expanded construction of reinforced concrete buildings within the city, the conditions for signal propagation in settlements have changed significantly. Multi-storey buildings with metal frame are a kind of mirrors, reflecting waves several times up to complete attenuation.

There are many TV channels on the air today. A digital signal differs from the rest in that it either exists or it does not exist, there is no middle position given. Other transmission systems differ in that the channels perceive interference differently, which reduces their broadcast quality, sometimes the image may simply disappear. An antenna for DVB-T2, made by yourself, will allow you to receive the same signal for all channels that show the same quality picture.

A digital broadcast signal is special in that it is not affected by interference, if it is one and a half decibels higher than the noise, then good reception is achieved. Loss of signal is affected by mismatch with the cable or phase distortion in any part of the transmission from the camera to the tuner, while the image can crumble into small pieces even with a strong signal.

Basic features for manufacturing an antenna

Before DVB-T2 with your own hands, you should study the principle of its operation.

To capture a digital signal, it is required that it is very easy to design even from a simple cable, after making the correct calculation.

The theory says that digital signals are easily broadcast in the decimeter range and can be received by any type of antenna, but in reality this is not always the case.

You can make a television antenna yourself at minimal cost and without the help of outsiders, but it should be remembered that the received device is inferior to professional devices in terms of reception quality.

Antenna Requirements

New conditions for broadcasting, distribution and reception on the air have changed the basic requirements that do-it-yourself TV antennas must meet. DVB-T2 has canceled previously significant directional and protective action. They're in modern appliances do not matter, since the air is polluted, and even small penetrating interference can be dealt with only by means of electronics. At the same time, an important role is played by the intrinsic gain of the antenna (GA).

An antenna that tracks the air well has a power reserve for the received signal, which allows the electronics to sift it from interference and noise. A modern do-it-yourself DVB-T2 antenna retains electrical performance in a natural way, and does not adapt to acceptable parameters using engineering techniques. It is coordinated over the entire operating frequency range without the use of balancing devices.

Antenna Amplitude and Frequency Characteristics

The antenna is made as smooth as possible, phase distortion occurs due to spikes and dips. Single-frequency antennas are stretched in an acceptable noise-to-signal ratio, thus allowing them to receive up to 40 channels. But matching amplifiers are additionally installed to them, which absorb waves or distort phase indicators.

The most efficient do-it-yourself DVB-T2 digital antenna is made:

• frequency-independent - with low performance, but cheap and easy to manufacture, designed in a short period of time, intended for reception in a relatively clean air at a short distance from the transmitted station;
• periodic range, catching all the waves in the open space, ideally sorting them, which has a simple design, ideally works in tandem with a frider throughout the entire length of the reception.

If we talk about the design, then the simplest do-it-yourself DVB-T2 antenna is made in the “eight”, “Polish” and “square” versions.

Antenna type "eight"

Refers to easily constructed devices, made according to the standard figure-eight type, from which the reflector is removed. The ideal material is but aluminum strip, corner, tube, tire, other profile is used. Top dimension 140mm, side part along the length of 130 mm, but these dimensions are given as a guide, in the manufacture they should not be kept exactly to the millimeter.

First, cut a wire 112 cm long, begin to bend the first part 140 mm long, of which 130 mm goes to the antenna, and 10 mm remains for the loop. The next two sections are bent equally to a length of 140 mm, the next two are 130 mm each, the next pair is 140 mm each, then another 140 mm, then 130 mm and a second loop is made. The connections are pre-cleaned, connected and soldered, they are also contacts for fastening the cable core.

Stripping the cable and plug is done with a scalpel and needle file. After soldering, the joints are sealed and fastened with glue from a hot gun. If we talk about the plug, then the glue is poured into the solder joint, then into the cavity of the cap, then the excess is removed. The joint is assembled so quickly that the adhesive mass does not harden. It turns out an eternal strong and elastic connection. For contact, we clean the ends of the cable from the side of the plug by 1 cm, from the side of the antenna - by 2 cm.

Do-it-yourself indoor digital DVB-T2 antenna, when connected by soldering, is also sealed with glue, where it is recommended to install a rigid frame at the contact point according to the size of the joint. If the device is made for itself and will be rigidly fixed during operation, and the transfer is not needed, then the frame is not made. A device made according to this type easily picks up digital signals in a direct line of sight of a television tower at a distance of up to 10 km when installed outdoors.

Using a "Polish" antenna

The "Polish" antenna got its name during the former Soviet Union as a reliable device for receiving Soviet television signals, as well as channels in the decimeter range. Reception of digital broadcasting on it is practically not carried out due to low efficiency. Some amateurs are trying to bring the design to the ideal by shortening the long decimeter mustache and removing the reflector. Such a change in some cases allows you to adjust the image in digital format, but it is impossible to talk about guaranteed obtaining a reliable result. Speaking of Polish appliances, we can note quality work amplifier that works effectively with a digital signal.

Antenna type "square"

Such a do-it-yourself DVB-T2 indoor antenna is a modified copy standard design, known as the "three squares", in which there are six components and a matching transformer is provided. A self-made antenna of this type confidently copes with receiving digital TV channels at a distance of up to 10 km in a straight line, for longer distances a signal amplifier is required.

The design of the antenna is simple in execution. The main structural element consists of round aluminum wire and solid wires. The wire is bent to obtain six squares and a matching tap is made, which is a high-frequency transformer, so that the cable and DVB-T2 antenna are combined with an amplifier by signal. With their own hands, they solder the wires to the points, wrap them with copper wire and tin with a soldering iron.

The cable is attached to the antenna with special clamps or with ordinary insulating tape. The cable is connected with a support, a wooden plank or other material is used. When installing indoors or outdoors, the main condition is precise tuning to the television tower. This is done using the navigator, if there is no line of sight, the direction is specified to the effect of obtaining a strong signal.

Beer can antenna device

The manufacturing technology of such an efficient antenna is very simple and does not require special skills.

Using a thick awl or screwdriver, make neat holes in the neck of each of the two cans, then screw the screws into them. The cable ends are freed from the braid, the copper wires are cleaned with a knife from varnish, they are attached under the caps of the self-tapping screws. It is very good to solder the resulting joint, but not necessary.

The DVB-T2 digital antenna is almost made by hand, it remains to fix the cans on the prepared rail or pipe so that there is a distance of 7.5 cm between them. The second cable end is equipped with a standard plug that connects to the receiver, the device is installed in the place of the best signal fixation. Placing this type of device outdoors requires reliable protection from the weather. This is done with any waterproof material, often large plastic bottles are used. The antenna receives up to 15 satellite TV channels and digital broadcasting.

Use of instruments and amplification

At a certain distance from the television tower, the antenna is able to receive signals without installing additional amplifying devices. To receive a signal from a greater distance, they are stocked with a wave amplifier with separate power supply. The device is arranged near the tuner, and the matching device is made additionally, for its manufacture you need:

• potentiometer for gain adjustment;
• standard decoupled chokes L4 and L3;
• coils L2 and L1 are wound according to the dimensions from the reference book;
• a metal screen to separate the circuits at the output from the circuit of the device.

Amplifiers are placed no further than 3 meters from the place where the DVB-T2 antenna is installed from the cable, which receives power from its own unit with its contacts. When installing an antenna near a broadcasting tower, it is not recommended to additionally use an amplifier, since a strong signal worsens the image and has an additional effect on the entire structure. The recommended cable length is three meters, a larger wire will unbalance the balun.

Application of a symmetrizer

This device is needed for any type of antenna, and it does not matter whether it was made at the factory or in the craftsman's workshop. Antenna for DVB-T2, made by hand, gives good image quality when connected to a tuner. If the cable length is more than 10 m, then when installed outside the building, there are inconsistencies in the resistance of the outer space and the cable. In this case, it is required to use a symmetrizer in the complex solution of the antenna economy, which greatly improves the quality of the image on the screen.

Cable laying and antenna installation

The main rule is to set the antenna to a height. If this cannot be done in the room, you need to take the device to outer wall. To install an antenna in a private building, digital broadcasting operators rely on a device height of 10 m. If the antenna is located on the ground floor of a house, nearby metal structures and industrial objects cause reception degradation.

When the antenna is located under a canopy or roof of the house, attention is paid to the roofing material - it should not contain a metallized coating or sputtering in the composition. Metal tiles, corrugated board, iron or foil insulation create significant interference with the reception of digital television signals.

For highly located receiving antennas on a metal mast or pin, a steel rod of at least one meter in size is provided, to which a ground wire is connected. The device located on the roof includes common system grounding at home.

The cable is not led out through the flue and ventilation ducts, do not hang on existing electric wires, even if they look more than reliable. Holes in the walls are inclined so that moisture from the street does not flow into the room; special plugs are used, which are commercially available. If the antenna is made soundly and correctly, they take a high quality cable and wall sockets, since after the final finishing of the walls it is difficult to remake the cable in the wall and replace it with a more reliable one.

Antenna Mounting Safety Precautions

Before installing or adjusting an already mounted antenna at a height, make sure that this action is safe:

• do not climb onto weakly fixed and shaky structures, if high-altitude work is associated with danger, be sure to put on a mounting belt and attach it to a fixed part of the building structure;
• it is not allowed to hold the end of the assistant without first securing it, if the assistant falls, he will not hold the weight of the body in his hands;
• it is forbidden to climb to a height alone, when the structures are iced, to walk on the old roof, to step on the connecting seams;
• Do not install the antenna in rain and fog.

In conclusion, it should be said that it is quite simple to make your own receiving device in order to watch digital television. DVB-T2 - a do-it-yourself antenna - in terms of quality (if you follow the right technology) is almost as good as store-bought counterparts. The cost of materials will save a decent amount of money, which is important for some people.

On the summer cottages a television signal can rarely be received without amplification: too far from the repeater, the terrain is usually uneven, and trees interfere. For the normal quality of the “picture”, antennas are needed. Anyone who knows how to handle a soldering iron at least a little can make an antenna for giving with his own hands. Aesthetics outside the city is given not so great importance, the main thing is the quality of reception, simple design, low cost and reliability. You can experiment and do it yourself.

A simple TV antenna

If the repeater is located within 30 km from your dacha, you can make the simplest receiving part in design. These are two identical tubes connected by a cable. The output of the cable is fed to the corresponding input of the TV.

The design of the antenna for the TV in the country: it is very easy to do it yourself (to increase the size of the picture, click on it with the left mouse button)

What you need to make this TV antenna

First of all, you need to find out what frequency the nearest TV tower is broadcasting on. The length of the "whiskers" depends on the frequency. The broadcast band is in the range of 50-230 MHz. It is divided into 12 channels. Each needs its own length of tubes. List of terrestrial television channels, their frequencies and television antenna parameters for self-manufacturing will result in a table.

So, in order to make a TV antenna with your own hands, you need the following materials:

It would be nice to have a soldering iron, flux for soldering copper and solder on hand: it is advisable to solder all the connections of the central conductors: the image quality will be better and the antenna will work longer. The places of soldering then need to be protected from oxidation: it is best to fill it with a layer of silicone, you can use epoxy, etc. As a last resort, seal it with electrical tape, but this is very unreliable.

This homemade TV antenna, even at home, will be made by a child. You need to cut the tube of the length that matches the broadcast frequency of the nearby repeater, then cut it exactly in half.

Assembly order

The resulting tubes are flattened on one side. With these ends they are attached to the holder - a piece of getinax or textolite 4-6 mm thick (see figure). The tubes are placed at a distance of 6-7 cm from each other, their far ends should be at the distance indicated in the table. They are fixed to the holder with clamps, they must hold firmly.

The installed vibrator is fixed on the mast. Now you need to connect two "whiskers" through a matching device. This is a cable loop with a resistance of 75 ohms (type RK-1, 3, 4). Its parameters are indicated in the rightmost column of the table, and how it is done is on the right side of the photo.

The middle cores of the cable are screwed (soldered) to the flattened ends of the tubes, their braid is connected with a piece of the same conductor. It is easy to get the wire: cut off a piece from the cable a little more than the required size and free it from all shells. Strip the ends and screw to the cable conductors (it is better to solder).

Then the central conductors from two pieces of the matching loop and the cable that goes to the TV are connected. Their braid is also connected with a copper wire.

The last action: the loop in the middle is attached to the bar, and the cable going down is screwed to it. The bar is raised to the required height and “tuned” there. Two people are needed to set up: one turns the antenna, the second watches TV and evaluates the picture quality. Having determined where the signal is best received from, the do-it-yourself antenna is fixed in this position. In order not to suffer for a long time with the "tuning", look where the neighbors' receivers (terrestrial antennas) are directed. The simplest antenna for giving with your own hands is made. Set and "catch" the direction by turning it along its axis.

Watch the video on how to cut a coaxial cable.

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Loop from a pipe

This do-it-yourself antenna is a little more difficult to manufacture: you need a pipe bender, but the reception radius is larger - up to 40 km. The starting materials are almost the same: a metal tube, a cable and a rod.

The bend radius of the pipe is not important. It is necessary that the pipe has the required length, and the distance between the ends is 65-70 mm. Both "wings" should be the same length, and the ends should be symmetrical about the center.

Homemade antenna for a TV: a TV signal receiver with a reception radius of up to 40 km is made from a piece of pipe and cable (to increase the size of the picture, click on it with the left mouse button)

The length of the pipe and cable is shown in the table. Find out at what frequency the repeater closest to you is broadcasting, select the appropriate line. Saw off the pipe of the required size (diameter is preferably 12-18 mm, for them the parameters of the matching loop are given).

Assembly

The tube of the required length is bent, making it absolutely symmetrical about the center. One edge is flattened and brewed / sealed. Fill with sand, and close up the second side. If there is no welding, you can plug the ends, just put the plugs on good glue or silicone.

The resulting vibrator is fixed on the mast (rod). They are screwed to the ends of the pipe, and then the central conductors of the matching loop and the cable that goes to the TV are soldered. The next step is to piece together copper wire without insulation braided cables. The assembly is completed - you can proceed to the "configuration".

beer can antenna

Despite the fact that she looks frivolous, the image becomes much better. Checked multiple times. Try it!

Beer can outdoor antenna

We collect like this:

1. We drill a hole in the bottom of the jar strictly in the center (5-6 mm in diameter).
2. Through this hole we stretch the cable, we bring it out through the hole in the cover.
3. We fix this jar on the left on the holder so that the cable is directed to the middle.
4. We take out the cable from the can by about 5-6 cm, remove the insulation by about 3 cm, disassemble the braid.
5. We cut the braid, its length should be about 1.5 cm.
6. We distribute it over the surface of the can and solder it.
7. The central conductor sticking out by 3 cm must be soldered to the bottom of the second can.
8. The distance between the two banks must be made as small as possible, and fixed in some way. One option is sticky tape or duct tape.
9. That's it, the homemade UHF antenna is ready.

End the other end of the cable with a suitable plug, plug it into the TV socket you need. This design, by the way, can be used to receive digital television. If your TV supports this signal format (DVB T2) or there is a special set-top box for an old TV, you can catch a signal from the nearest repeater. You just need to find out where it is and direct your own television antenna made from tin cans there.

Simple homemade antennas can be made from cans (from beer or drinks). Despite the frivolity of the "components", it works very well, and is made very simply.

The same design can be adapted to receive VHF channels. Instead of 0.5 liter jars, put on 1 liter. Will receive MW band.

Another option: if you don’t have a soldering iron, or you don’t know how to solder, you can make it easier. Tie two cans at a distance of a few centimeters to the holder. Strip the end of the cable by 4-5 centimeters (carefully remove the insulation). Separate the braid, twist it into a bundle, make a ring out of it, into which you insert a self-tapping screw. From the central conductor, make a second ring and thread the second self-tapping screw through it. Now, at the bottom of one can, you clean (with sandpaper) a speck to which you screw the screws.

Actually for better contact soldering is needed: it is better to tin and solder the braid ring, as well as the place of contact with the metal of the can. But even on self-tapping screws it turns out well, however, the contact is periodically oxidized and needs to be cleaned. As it “snows” you will know why ...

Do-it-yourself digital TV antenna

Antenna design - frame. For this version of the receiver, you will need a crosspiece made of wooden planks and TV cable. You will also need electrical tape, a few nails. All.

We have already said that to receive a digital signal, you only need a decimeter terrestrial antenna and an appropriate decoder. It can be built into TVs (new generation) or made as a separate device. If the TV has a signal reception function in the DVB T2 code, connect the antenna output directly to the TV. If the TV does not have a decoder, you will need to purchase a digital set-top box and connect the output from the antenna to it, and it to the TV set.

How to determine the channel and calculate the perimeter of the frames

In Russia, a program has been adopted, according to which towers are constantly being built. By the end of 2015, the entire area should be covered by repeaters. On the official website http://xn--p1aadc.xn--p1ai/when/ find the closest tower to you. It shows the broadcast frequency and channel number. The perimeter of the antenna frame depends on the channel number.

For example, channel 37 broadcasts at a frequency of 602 MHz. The wavelength is considered as follows: 300 / 602 \u003d 50 cm. This will be the perimeter of the frame. Let's calculate the other channel in the same way. Let it be channel 22. Frequency 482 MHz, wavelength 300/482 = 62 cm.

Since this antenna consists of two frames, the length of the conductor must be equal to twice the wavelength, plus 5 cm per connection:

• for channel 37 we take 105 cm of copper wire (50 cm * 2 + 5 cm = 105 cm);
• for 22 channels you need 129 cm (62 cm * 2 + 5 cm = 129 cm).

Assembly

Copper wire is best used from the cable that will go further to the receiver. That is, take the cable and remove the sheath and braid from it, freeing the central conductor of the desired length. Be careful not to damage it.

• for channel 37: 50 cm / 4 = 12.5 cm;
• for 22 channels: 62 cm / 4 = 15.5 cm.

The distance from one nail to another must correspond to these parameters. Laying copper wire start on the right, from the middle, moving down and further along all points. Only in the place where the frames come close to one another, do not short the conductors. They should be at some distance (2-4 cm).

When the entire perimeter is laid, the braid from a cable a few centimeters long is twisted into a bundle and soldered (wound if it is not possible to solder) to the opposite edge of the frame. Next, the cable is laid as shown in the figure, winding it with electrical tape (more often, but the laying route cannot be changed). Then the cable goes to the decoder (separate or built-in). All the antenna for giving with your own hands for receiving digital television is ready.

How to make an antenna for digital television with your own hands - another design - is shown in the video.

Everyone watches TV these days. Or almost everything. Most people who watch TV have satellite dishes. You can buy a TV antenna in the store. But sometimes it happens that the antenna becomes unusable, it’s a long way to the store, but you want to watch your favorite show. At such times, you can resort to improvised means. For example, if the user is in the country and does not have the opportunity to go to the store. In this case, you can simply make a TV antenna for giving with your own hands. Even satellite.

DIY indoor antenna

It is possible and quite easy to make the simplest antenna for a TV from improvised means. On the Internet you can find a lot of interesting instructions , which will help you make a variety of options for do-it-yourself television antennas. There are many options for how to make DIY television antennas.

The most popular type of antenna, which is made by craftsmen from the common people, is clearly considered a homemade TV antenna made from beer cans. It is done easily, there is no need to look for hard-to-reach materials, and very little time is spent on the entire manufacturing procedure. Perfect option homemade antenna, given the fact that there will be more channels, and the picture quality will be an order of magnitude higher.

by the most simple option one can definitely name a variant of a room television antenna, for the manufacture of which only a wire is needed. Of course, the number of channels that can be viewed when it is connected will be very limited, and the picture is unlikely to please much, but other circumstances compensate for these inconveniences: ease of manufacture, minimum time and use of a minimum amount of materials. However, the number of channels and the quality of the pictures can be tweaked by wrapping the other end of the wire around the clotheslines, which will help catch more channels.

There are other DIY options, but they cannot be called popular. Some require more complex manufacturing procedures. In other cases, you can stumble upon extremely negative reviews from people who have tried to make them. So it’s better not to waste time describing their manufacture. Nothing useful can be found in this. Some instructions for building satellite dishes at home are simply not true.

How to make a TV antenna from beer cans

One of the most popular options is empty beer can antenna. It is easy to make, and the materials are not difficult to find. Masters who have experience in creating such antennas claim that the device can be assembled in almost ten minutes, while receiving channels very, very productively.

How to make an antenna with your own hands? How to make an antenna from cans?

In order to make a television antenna with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• cable
• a few cans of beer (well, or other low-alcohol drinks)
• plug
• self-tapping screws
• screwdriver
• stick
• insulating tape
• self-tapping screws in the amount of 2 pieces

Below attached instruction how to make an antenna with your own hands.

How to make a TV antenna: DIY TV antenna

1. First you need to tape two beer cans to a stick with tape, trying to keep a distance of about 7 centimeters from each other. In the event that the cans have rings for opening, then the cable can be attached to them using self-tapping screws.
2. Next, you need to screw the screws into the jars, strip both ends of the cable and attach to the screws.
3. For the stability of the structure, screw the cable with electrical tape to the stick.
4. In order for it to work even in moments of bad weather, large banks should be closed. plastic bottle, which should be cut off the bottom and neck. After that, a hole should be drilled in the bottle through which the cable will be passed. After this place is scalded with boiling water, the plastic will change shape and seal the hole hermetically. This simple device will act as a kind of amplifier. Pretty simple and good amp.

This is how you can make a simple TV antenna from beer cans for your TV. It is done quickly and requires a minimum of materials.

There are also options for designing a homemade antenna for a TV. The option will be described below. how to make a TV antenna:

And the homemade television antenna is ready. In principle, the design itself is quite simple, although it requires effort. Well, the availability of relevant materials.

How to make an antenna yourself with a minimum of materials

There are two options for how to make a homemade antenna using a minimum amount of materials. Such an antenna is easily made at home and is one of the the simplest homemade antennas.

Television today and twenty years ago are two very different things. The number of channels, transmission range, broadcasting format has changed. But, in fact, the principle of transmitting a television signal remained the same. Radio waves of a certain frequency propagate through the air, they can be received using an antenna and directed to the TV tuner. We will not consider cable and fiber optic TV signal transmission systems, as well as IPTV (broadcasting via the Internet and SMART TVs).

As a couple of decades ago, and today, economical owners have a reasonable question: how to make an antenna for a TV with your own hands? And if during the USSR, there really was a problem in acquiring a high-quality TV antenna (total shortage), today a television antenna is made by hand solely for reasons of economy.

Homemade Design Options: General Principles

Depending on the distance between your TV receiver and the transmitting antenna of the TV center, the signal level will change. Another negative factor affecting the quality of television wave propagation is the presence of obstacles. Ideal reception occurs with a line of sight between the two antennas. That is, you can see the mast of the television center, even with binoculars. If there are buildings or tall trees in the way of the TV signal, there will be no reliable reception. However, waves reflected from other objects can be received using a TV antenna amplifier. If even weak waves do not “break through” to your house at all, you will have to make a mast. The network of TV and radio broadcasting stations is located in such a way that you can catch a signal in any locality.

Beer cans (from Pepsi-Cola are also suitable)

Why is this material so popular?

• firstly, the missing segment sizes are compensated large area reception: if you turn the jar into a plane, you get a standard sheet;
• secondly, aluminum has excellent conductivity, slightly falling short of copper: accordingly, resistance losses will be minimal;
• thirdly, the aerodynamic shape reduces windage (which is especially important when placed on the street), and the lightness of the structure does not require particularly strong fastening;
• and, finally, it is an affordable and absolutely free raw material, besides, lacquered aluminum perfectly resists the influence of moisture.

Before making an antenna out of beer cans, make sure that there are no high-rise buildings between the TV center and the receiving point that could block the signal.

Despite the relatively high reception quality, this design does not have a high intrinsic gain. Connecting a standard amplifier may have no effect, due to the complexity of selecting coefficients.

Necessary materials:

1. Two identical liter cans of beer, washed and dried. In extreme cases, you can use a half-liter, but the reception range will be reduced.
2. Antenna cable RK-75 of the required length (a design with a wiring length of more than 10 meters will most likely not provide reliable reception).
3. Antenna plug that matches your TV.
4. Dielectric fixing bracket for fixing jars: wooden beam ok, coat hanger, plastic pipe(metal will not work).
5. Fasteners: electrical tape, adhesive tape, or plastic clamps.
6. Soldering iron, standard solder, flux for aluminum soldering.
7. Knife, side cutters, sandpaper.

It makes no sense to paint the formulas for calculating the sizes for the reception frequency; anyway, it will not be possible to change the sizes of the segments. DIY beer can antenna has been repeatedly tested in various conditions, so just use the ready-made sample.

We cut the antenna cable. There will be a plug at one end, and we open the other end so that there is at least 100 mm from the central core to the screen wound into a bundle. So that the “bare” braid is not exposed to corrosion, it can be hidden in heat-shrinkable cambric.

We clean the areas for soldering the cable: on the upper ends of the cans. Fine sandpaper is fine for this.

Stripping is carried out immediately before soldering and to the "bare" metal.

Each end of the wire is folded into a ring 3-5 mm in diameter, and carefully soldered. Then we fasten the resulting terminal to the bank using a galvanized self-tapping screw. After that, we clean the joints with a flux and solder, until the solder “sticks” normally.

We fix the banks (from the point of view of the theory of radio reception, now these are symmetrical vibrators) in such a way that there is exactly 75 mm between the ends with the cable. This is the optimal gap for receiving analog and digital television.

An important step: setting the product for optimal TV signal reception. Most likely, you know the direction to the tower of the broadcasting center. If not, Yandex cards will help you. Find a TV center, your home, and spend a virtual straight line. If you do not want to mess with the azimuth (this is impossible without a compass), determine the direction landmark in the line of sight. For example, a boiler room pipe or another object. For reliable reception, the home television antenna is located strictly perpendicular to the vector on the tower, and horizontally.

If the signal is received confidently, you are lucky the first time. At a considerable distance from the transmitter, you can catch the reflected signal. Even a simple antenna made from cans requires proper orientation in space (although this is not a satellite dish). In an area of ​​poor reception, all-wave technology can suddenly "shoot" in any direction.

Do-it-yourself "beer" decimeter antenna allows you to confidently catch analog channels. And how to make an antenna for digital TV? No additional secrets. Digital broadcasting is carried out in the same range. If you have a DVB-T2 tuner, you can tune in to one or two multiplexes and receive a free set of Russian channels on beer cans.

Information:

If the signal strength is still not enough, you can make an antenna amplifier with your own hands.

Typical diagram in the illustration:

However, in order to solder and set up such a device yourself, elementary knowledge in radio engineering is required. Still, it is easier to buy a ready-made device, especially since you have already saved on the antenna.

"Eight", she is a rhombus, she is also a "Z" shaped

Perhaps the most popular design for do-it-yourselfers. This sufficiently powerful Kharchenko antenna confidently receives meter and decimeter frequencies in analog and digital format. When the question arises: “How to make an antenna with your own hands?”, This option is first of all assumed.

What is its advantage? With compact dimensions, in most cases no amplifier is required. Unless you want to receive a signal on the 1-3 floor in a densely built-up microdistrict, where dozens of high-rise buildings are located between you and the television center.

How to make a homemade antenna without complex calculations? For a typical broadcasting grid, there is a basic rhombus shoulder size: 140 mm. Distance between wire connection points: 10–15 mm.

Antenna Kharchenko with such dimensions falls just in the middle of a typical broadcast range. If you need to capture other channels (in some regions, the grid can operate at non-standard frequencies), you can make a wire structure in several rows. The illustration shows a drawing from the magazine "Radio" 50 years ago.

Then the meter range was accepted, and the antennas had corresponding gigantic dimensions. They were made of wire to reduce windage. This manufacturing technique requires patience and a large amount of material. Modern "homemade" prefer copper tube or aluminum plate.

To make an indoor antenna using this technology, a piece of wire is enough. The device is hung in a window opening (in the direction of the TV center) and there is no need to worry that it will be blown by the wind. You can make several diamonds, while the reception range will be significantly expanded. An ideal option for digital television, which you can do with your own hands in the country or in a private house.

Amplify the signal without an amplifier

The reception efficiency (primarily this applies to the option under consideration) can be improved without additional electronics. It is enough to install a reflector, or a reflector screen. It will return television waves back to the antenna field, almost doubling the level. The canvas is located at a distance of 100 mm in opposite side from the TV tower. Required condition- no electrical contact. Moreover, the reflector does not have to be continuous. A row of metal tubes or openwork mesh is enough.

You can enhance the effect by applying the "double bi-square" design. The same dimensions apply, but the range remains the same. The extra length simply increases the signal strength.

And finally, the most complex digital TV antenna that you can make yourself

The log-periodic scheme allows you to get the maximum gain without additional circuits.

The principle of operation of the design: in the direction of the signal source, there are two conductive tires, on which perpendicular vibrators are installed in strict sequence. Their length and distance between them are calculated according to a strict algorithm. An error of 2-5% will lead to a complete inoperability of the system. But a properly assembled antenna will receive an analog and digital signal with the highest quality.

Note:

This type of antenna requires careful orientation towards the TV tower.

Can be used with a screen that helps to amplify a weak signal.

Outcome

Making a homemade antenna is not just cost savings. This is an excellent opportunity to practice radio engineering, without the risk of damaging expensive radio elements and materials. And if your receiving point is located in an unfavorable location, you can always try a different configuration without buying several factory-made antennas.

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The main indicator of the quality of each antenna is its interaction with the on-air signal. This principle of operation underlies both purchased and home-made antennas. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the recommendations on how to make an antenna for digital TV with your own hands.

Features of modern television

If we compare the modern television broadcast with the broadcast that was a few years ago, we can find certain differences. First of all, the UHF range is used for broadcasting. Thus, it is possible to significantly save money and signal reception by the antenna. In addition, in this case, the need for periodic maintenance of the antennas is also eliminated.

Also, there are many more television sensors than before, so most TV channels are available in almost all places in the country. To provide television broadcasting in habitable areas, low-power sensors are used.

In large cities, radio waves propagate differently. Due to the large number of multi-storey buildings, the signal through them is weak. In addition, there are a huge number of television channels, for which one standard television antenna is not enough to receive.

With the development of digital broadcasting, receiving channels has become even easier. These types of antennas are resistant to interference, phase or cable distortion, image clarity.

DIY simple digital antenna: device requirements

Since the broadcasting conditions have changed, the rules for operating modern antennas have changed:

1. One of the main parameters of a television antenna, in the form of a directivity factor and a protection factor, are not particularly important. To combat various kinds of interference, various electronic means are used.

2. The coefficient responsible for the gain of the antennas improves the signal, clears it of extraneous sounds and various kinds of interference.

3. Another important quality of a modern television antenna is range. Saving electrical parameters is carried out automatically, without additional human intervention.

4. The operating range of the television antenna should interact well with the cable that connects to the antenna.

5. In order to avoid the appearance of phase distortions, it is necessary to ensure decent antenna characteristics in the amplitude-frequency ratio.

The characteristics of the last three points are determined by the properties for receiving a television signal using an antenna. An antenna operating at one frequency is capable of receiving several wave channels. However, in order for them to be coordinated with the feeder, it is necessary to have OSS that strongly absorb signals.

Therefore, there are certain variants of digital antennas available for making at home. We invite you to familiarize yourself with them:

1. All-wave version of the antenna, such devices are frequency independent, they are cheap, very popular among consumers. One hour is enough to make such an antenna. Such an antenna is perfect for city apartments, but in a village that is somewhat distant from television centers, such an antenna will work worse.

2. Speech therapy band version of the antenna - such an antenna picks up certain signals. It has a simple structure, is well suited for various operating ranges, does not change the parameters of the feeder. Differs in average technical parameters, great for country houses, cottages, apartments.

3. Z-shaped antenna, which is also called a zigzag. For the manufacture of such a design will require a lot of time and physical effort. Differs in wide receiving characteristics. With the help of such an antenna, it is possible to expand the range of reception of television channels.

To achieve an exact match between the antennas, it is necessary to lay the cable through the zero potential value.

Do-it-yourself digital TV antenna: reception characteristic

Vibratone antennas are capable of finding several more digital ones on one analog channel. Such devices receive wave channels. They are rarely used and are relevant for places remote from television towers.

Self-manufacturing of a satellite dish is a meaningless process. Since in this process it will be necessary to purchase a purchased tuner and head, and the mirror alignment must be very accurate, it is almost impossible to achieve it at home. You can only configure such an antenna yourself, but not its manufacture.

In order to make the above antenna options, you need to be very well versed in higher mathematics and electrodynamic processes. Among the main characteristics of the terms used in the manufacturing process of television antennas, we note:

1. KU - antenna power, which is determined in the ratio of the received antenna signal to its main lobe.

2. KND - the relationship between the solid circle and the solid angle of the antenna lobes. If there are lobes of different sizes, they change in area.

3. KZD - the ratio between the signal received on the main lobe and total amount antenna power.

Please note that if the antenna is a band antenna, then the power is taken into account in relation to the useful signal.

Note that the first two terms are not necessarily interdependent. There are certain variants of antennas that have a high directivity, but unity or less gain. However, in a zigzag antenna, significant gain is coupled with a low level of directivity.

Do-it-yourself digital TV antenna: manufacturing technology

Each of the antenna elements, through which the current flows, giving a useful signal, must be connected to the other by soldering or welding. Any prefabricated assembly located on the street must be well fixed, since the destruction of the electronic contact on the street occurs faster than indoors.

Particular attention should be paid to zero potential. It is in these places that the nodes of stress are located, electricity, at its highest power. For the manufacture of places with zero potential, one-piece bent metal is used.

For the manufacture of the braid or the central core, a coaxial cable is used, made of copper or an inexpensive alloy with anti-corrosion properties. For soldering the cable, a forty-volt soldering machine is used, with low-melting solders and flux paste.

Do-it-yourself outdoor digital antenna is made in such a way that all connections are resistant to moisture, temperature changes and other environmental influences.

To make an all-wave antenna, you will need two triangular plates, two rails made of wood and enameled wire. At the same time, the size of the wire in diameter is practically not important, and the interval between their ends is about 2-3 cm. The interval between the plates on which the ends of the wire are located is 1 cm. Two metal plates can be replaced by a one-sided square-shaped fiberglass coated with foil. At the same time, copper triangles should be cut out on it.

The antenna width should be the same as the height. Cloths open at a right angle. In order to lay the cable to this antenna, you must follow a certain scheme. The cable braid is not soldered to the point indicating zero potential. She's just attached to her.

CHNA, which stretches inside the window by 150 cm, is able to receive most meter and DCM channels in any direction. The advantage of this antenna is that it has a wide channel reception interval. Therefore, such antennas are popular in big cities, where there are various television centers. However, such an antenna has certain disadvantages - the KU of the antenna is single, and the KZD is zero. Therefore, in the presence of large interference, the antenna will be irrelevant.

It is possible to make other types of digital antennas with your own hands with a CNA, for example, a logarithmic spiral of two turns. This version of the antenna is compact and easier to manufacture.

Essential digital antennas with hands from beer cans

For the manufacture of digital antenna with your own hands from the cable you will need beer cans. This version of the antenna right approach to its manufacture, is distinguished by good operational characteristics. In addition, such an antenna is quite simple to manufacture.

The principle of operation of such an antenna is based on an increase in the diameter of the arms on a conventional linear vibrator. In this case, the working band is expanded, while other properties do not change.

Beer cans in relation to their size are used as arms on a vibrator. At the same time, the expansion of the shoulders is unlimited. This version of a simple vibrator is used as a do-it-yourself indoor digital antenna for receiving television broadcasts by connecting directly with a cable.

If we dwell on the option of assembling an in-phase grating from a beer dipole, located vertically, with a step of half a wave, then it will be possible to improve the gain value of the antenna. Also, an amplifier from the antenna must be installed on this device, with the help of which the device is coordinated and tuned.

To enhance such an antenna, a KZD is added to it, a screen and a grid installed on it at the back, with an interval of half the grating. To install a beer antenna, you will need a dielectric mast, while the shield and mast are connected by a mechanical connection.

At the same time, about three or four rows are arranged on the grate. Two gratings are not capable of achieving much gain.

DIY UHF antenna for digital television

A log-periodic version of the antenna is called a prefabricated type antenna, which is connected to the halves on a linear dipole, the interval between them changes, in relation to the geometric parameters of the progression. There are configured and free lines. We propose to dwell on a longer and smoother version of the antenna.

For the manufacture of LPA, it is necessary to have any predetermined range. The higher the progression, the greater the gain of the antenna. This version of the antenna for operational and technical specifications is ideal for making at home.

The main principle of its normal functioning is to conduct correct calculations. With an increase in progressive indicators, the gain increases and the opening angle of the directivity decreases. This antenna does not need an additional screen. Since it does not depend on its general characteristics.

In the process of calculating a digital LP antenna, use the following recommendations:

• the second longest vibrator must have a margin of frequency power;
• then the longest dipole is calculated;
• after that, another specified frequency range is added.

If the shortest dipole leaves lines, then it is cut off, as it is needed on the antenna, only for calculations. total length antenna will be about 40 cm.

The diameter of the lines on the antenna is about 7-16 mm. In this case, the interval between the location of the axes is 40 mm. The cable is not tied to the line by the external method, as this will adversely affect technical properties antennas.

The outdoor antenna is fixed on the mast using the center of gravity. Otherwise, the antenna will constantly shake under the influence of the wind. However, the metal mast is not connected to the line in a straight line, since a dielectric mast should be provided at this place, the length of which is about 150 cm. As a dielectric material, a wooden beam, previously painted or varnished, can be used.

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