National programs to support small and medium businesses. The essence of state programs to support and develop small businesses

State programs for the development of small business are important for maintaining the normal functioning of the economy, as well as for raising the social level of the population. Financing of small business development projects is carried out at all levels of government Russian Federation. State programs are of interest to young businessmen, as well as to the authorities themselves. The ability to provide effective support, create conditions for the implementation of state programs is the main indicator of the country's desire for prosperity and well-being.

The small business development program is based on the postulates of the entrepreneurship development program at the federal level. The set of state support measures includes the following types of programs:

• regional;
• interregional;
• industry;
• intersectoral;
• municipal.

Each of the above types includes a specific support plan as well as entrepreneurship development. In the field of financing various sectors of small businesses, the authorities are faced with a specific, difficult task- identify the most promising, profitable niches in the economy. A competent choice of these areas will allow you to rationally distribute funds and make profitable investments. The state investments made today, as well as the implemented development programs, will help replenish the state treasury with new taxes in the future, as well as create a competitive environment in the market.

These processes, like nothing else, will favorably affect the overall development of the economy, increase the solvency of the population, and most importantly, provide citizens with additional jobs. Based on this information, it can be concluded that government programs for the development and support of small businesses are a strategically important object of research and financing.

Entrepreneurship development programs in the Russian Federation can be divided into the following categories:

• registration of subsidies;
• receiving grants;
• providing training free of charge or at a discount;
• passing an internship under the guidance of highly qualified specialists, conducting practical classes;
• registration of leasing programs on preferential terms;
• obtaining advice in the field of jurisprudence and accounting on a preferential or free basis;
• the possibility of buying out real estate owned by the local municipality;
• assistance in the implementation of advertising projects, support in participation in fairs and exhibitions in the field of small business support.

The state applies both direct and indirect methods of supporting small businesses. Indirect methods include measures that are aimed at mitigating the conditions of taxation and control.
Organizations of commercial and non-commercial forms can implement small business development programs. In this area, private firms act as partners of the state, providing their shoulder of assistance and financing. For the provision of certain support, companies, of course, receive the necessary benefits.

In the field of small business support, the system of subsidies is widely used, applying it, it is necessary to adhere to strict rules of execution:

• the use of subsidies should be targeted;
• all expenses must be supported by official documents;
• performers must create a detailed report on the work done, attaching checks, acts and other papers to it.

Today in our country such government programs as "Development of small and medium-sized businesses", as well as "Economic development and innovative economy" are most actively financed.

Issues on supporting small businesses are annually submitted to the general federal assembly in the highest authorities. Consideration actual problems and the adoption of strategic decisions is carried out before the direct adoption of the federal budget. It is this source of funds that will play the leading role in the development of entrepreneurship in the new year. State programs that will be considered at the meeting must first be checked by competent experts in the field of the national economy. The fate of small businesses as a whole will depend on the effectiveness and expediency of projects.

Entrepreneurship support projects always have clear requirements and norms that can be included in the following list of provisions:

• measures for the creation and formation of infrastructure commercial sphere at the regional, federal and local levels;
• correct definition promising directions commercial activities, which will be of interest both for the state and for entrepreneurship;
• carrying out activities that would be aimed at general stimulation and motivation of those segments of the population that have a minimum level of social protection;
• creation of a system of benefits, installments and subsidies that would allow vulnerable segments of the population to be involved in the process of business and entrepreneurship, simplifying the creation of their own business through state support;
• identification of high-quality financial sources, specific segments of the budget, from which it will be possible to make annual contributions to programs to improve the market infrastructure, increase the number of registered individual enterprises;
• creation of conditions and activities that will be aimed at transferring unfinished commercial projects in various fields to young entrepreneurs;
• providing conditions for the transfer to beginners, young businessmen of construction projects that are unprofitable or are on the verge of bankruptcy;
• creating the possibility of buying out premises, trading areas, which previously an individual entrepreneur had only the opportunity to rent, the state offers a businessman a buyout of a fixed asset on preferential terms.

Restrictions in the field of assistance to young businessmen

Note! Not every citizen of the Russian Federation can take advantage of benefits, as well as subsidies.

The following groups of citizens can be classified as unprotected segments of the population:

• military in reserve;
• single mothers;
• people with disabilities, people with disabilities;
• dismissed specialists of promising industries;
• former prisoners and those deprived of liberty;
• students, unemployed youth;
• migrants, refugees;
• unemployed citizens;
• able-bodied pensioners.

Involvement of these segments of the population in economic process development is main goal state executive bodies. Very often, the authorities practice the method of transferring old projects to new specialists of a narrow profile, this technique most often used in the following areas:

• technological work;
• research in various areas;
• scientific unfinished works;
• experimental and constructive activity.

Often such experiments end in great success, but often the effort invested in the implementation of the program is wasted.

Note! Measures to support and develop small businesses are developed and formed on the basis of legislative norms and standards.

All of them are of a fundamentally important nature for the situation of the whole country, therefore they must be clearly correlated with a complex of the most diverse tasks and goals of the state. Entrepreneurship support projects should be aligned with the objectives of the following public policy types:

• consequences of emergencies;
• assistance to unemployed citizens;
• assistance to refugees, migrants;
• improvement of ecology, environmental conditions;
• regulation of population migration processes.

Creation of separate budgets and reserves

The following forms of associations can develop, as well as propose for consideration projects for the development of small businesses:

• institutions;
• firms;
• companies;
• organizations;
• enterprises.

Pay attention! This rule concerns any associations, regardless of what organizational, property, structural form they have. The authorities conduct a selection of projects, as a result of which they receive a list of the most effective and promising programs. Selected programs will be funded first.

In the field of entrepreneurship, separate funds independent of the state budget can be created, the resources of which will be directed to the implementation of new commercial projects. Such measures are practiced, for example, by large enterprises that are actively engaged in scientific and research activities. Often cash received from the state and individual independent companies are used in combination to achieve a more effective result.

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The authorities of the capital of the Russian Federation are developing measures to stimulate the business activity of the population. Support for small businesses in Moscow is a systematic activity of government agencies, carried out at the legislative and executive levels.

Consider the options for budget assistance that capital businessmen can count on in 2018.

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Goals and forms of work

Interaction with business structures of the authorities is carried out through specially created Funds. These enterprises accumulate the initiatives of market participants, create tools and new forms of cooperation between the state and entrepreneurs.

The policy priorities of the Moscow authorities are:

1. assistance in attracting young people to business activities;
2. support for market entities working with foreign counterparties;
3. providing conditions for improving the professional and educational level of entrepreneurs;
4. allocation of funding to companies involved in the development of infrastructure and civil society.

For example, the Moscow Interregional Marketing Center organizes the promotion of capital goods in the regions. There is an enterprise whose task is to create a unified information environment for businessmen.

In addition to other forms of support, subsidies are provided for small businesses in Moscow. This form of cooperation is an attraction budget funds to the development of small business.

These structures see their goals as:

• combining the efforts of businessmen to increase the level of interaction with the state;
• improving working conditions for entrepreneurs;
• development of proposals for improving legislation;
• support for start-up businesses.

For information: the company can get help not only from the authorities. The centers actively cooperate with private investors, accumulating their proposals.

Support types

Several funds operate in the capital of the Russian Federation. They offer customers and partners a variety of useful services..

The table shows their features

Reference: there is a center in every district of the city.

Assistance in getting a loan

This type of support is provided by the IB Lending Assistance Fund. Its essence lies in the receipt by the borrower of state guarantees. Terms of provision:

• work with a partner bank;
• impeccable credit history and business reputation;
• registration in Moscow or the region.

Attention: The Fund guarantees up to 50% of the loan. The bank independently applies for a guarantee.

Rent at preferential prices

In order to reduce the cost of doing business, start-up entrepreneurs are provided with discounts for renting space in buildings owned by the state(to the municipality). The price is five to six times lower than the market price. However, in order to receive a preference, the following conditions must be met:

• register as a person on the small business list;
• engage in educational or medical projects.

Attention: the subsidy is not issued to applicants who violate the deadlines for making tax and other obligatory payments.

Subsidizing

Center "MB Moscow" allocates free funds to legal entities and individual entrepreneurs. The conditions are:

• no more than two years have passed since the start of the activity;
• no more than 250 hired workers work in production;
• annual revenue does not exceed 1 billion rubles;
• the share of foreign owners does not exceed 25%.

To receive money, you must send an application to the structure, accompanying it with the necessary documentation. The subsidy is targeted. You will have to account for the use of the funds.

Reference: the amount of assistance does not exceed 500 thousand rubles.

The above organization issues targeted subsidies for participation in exhibitions. Their size reaches 300 thousand rubles. The selection criteria for participants are the same as listed above. But there are exceptions. This type of assistance cannot be received by a structure engaged in the following activities:

• trade in excisable goods;
• mediation;
• agency work.

Watch a video about supporting small and medium businesses

The state must take care of the well-being of its people. This concern also extends to the wealth of the average citizen. As you know, the number of small and medium-sized businesses in the country greatly affects the level of financial well-being. Therefore, the country should promote the development of small businesses.

Economic Support Mechanisms

Economic support mechanisms that are created for the development of small and medium-sized businesses are divided into two groups: decentralized and centralized. The first type includes various forms and methods of self-regulation of small businesses, as well as its adaptation to the conditions of the market environment, which is constantly changing. These mechanisms can be manifested in cooperation between small and large businesses (venture contracts, subcontracting, franchising). If the country has a well-developed market economy, decentralized mechanisms that support small businesses are more efficient than centralized ones. In Russia, the lack of development of market mechanisms increases the importance of state regulation in the field of small business development.

If we talk about centralized mechanisms, then they include the measures associated with the creation better conditions for small business development. Support and regulation of this area is to stimulate the activities of entrepreneurs from the state, which implies the achievement of certain goals and directions. In order to determine the targets for the development and support of small business, one must start from the need to combine the interests of small business and entrepreneurship, as well as taking into account the state of the state economy.

Small Business Development Goals

The main goals set by the state policy in the field of small business development in Russia are:

• Creation of conditions that will promote effective entrepreneurial activity;
• Development of small business as a key factor for the development of a competitive environment, as well as the middle class of society;
• Increase in the percentage of employment of the population;
• Increasing the share of small businesses in various fields: gross domestic and regional product, in taxes of the local, regional and local budget.

The system that executes public administration regulating the development of small business, should correspond to the scale of the tasks that it faces. It should also have reasonable functional, conceptual, programmatic, organizational indicators and characteristics.

Small Business Development Program

The concept, which describes the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until the twentieth year, states that assistance to medium and small companies is the main element economic policy countries. It should contribute to the development of healthy and beneficial competition for the consumer, as well as to improve the financial opportunities of citizens in the future. This concept includes a whole range of measures aimed at stimulating the growth of business entities, as well as changing the industry structure of medium and small companies:

• Simplification of bureaucratic procedures in the conduct and registration of business;
• Elimination of inefficient state regulation in the field of control and licensing;
• Reducing the number of products that need to be certified;
• Improving the taxation system for small businesses;
• Availability various forms financing for entrepreneurial activity;
• Support for business development programs implemented by other organizations.

Support for small business in the regions

The government of our state has created a program that is needed to support small businesses in the regions. It helps to develop business incubators, create guarantee and venture funds, and support export-oriented enterprises.

This program is carried out on the basis of a competition and its funding is allocated for the following activities:

• Creation and development of business incubators;
• Support for entrepreneurs who work for export;
• Development of small business lending;
• Creation of an infrastructure that will support small enterprises in the scientific and technical field;
• Other activities aimed at the development of small business.

One of the most important tasks in macroeconomic policy is the development of small business as a market institution, as well as assistance in ensuring the formation of a competitive environment, as well as self-employment of the population. To do this, entrepreneurial activity in the country is stimulated by a comprehensive program, which includes:

• Support for small and medium-sized enterprises that are engaged in the development, implementation and sale of innovative products;
• Assistance in improving the energy efficiency of enterprises;
• Development of equipment leasing sphere;
• Creation of technoparks;
• Creation of industrial parks;
• Business support at the idea stage;
• Technical connection to the existing power grid;
• Creation of guarantee funds;
• Formation of mixed investment funds and closed-end investment funds in small companies;
• Assistance in starting a business for a young entrepreneur;
• Organization of advanced training programs.

How to get help starting a business

In order to receive, for example, an amount of 300,000 rubles for business development, you need:

1. Complete the Entrepreneurship Fundamentals course, which includes 72 hours. It is paid and there a young entrepreneur will be taught a lot useful things and explain what a business plan is.
2. Write a business plan in the form that can be found on the website of the Department of Entrepreneurship. It is quite primitive, there are only income and expenses. Profitability and other important points are not there. You also need to know the list of OKVED codes, according to which the state issues money, because you can paint a business, but it turns out that it does not intentionally support this business.
3. Submit an application to the administration of the region or to the department of entrepreneurship. As always, you will have to look for the right office. To this application you need to add a copy of the passport, work book and certificate of training in courses.
4. After a person successfully defends his business plan, you can open an individual entrepreneur or LLC. You can take an already open case, but it should not be registered more than one year ago.
5. The bank needs to draw up a tripartite supplementary agreement, which implies direct debiting of funds if the entrepreneur intends to use the funds for other purposes. Before that, you need to clarify whether the bank can make such an agreement. It states that the department can write off money without the consent of the entrepreneur in the event that he uses them for other purposes.
6. After these procedures, you must also submit copies of the TIN, PSRN, USRN extract, an additional agreement with the bank, as well as a certificate of no debts to banks and the budget.
7. After six months from receiving funds, you must report to the department, as well as transfer back unused funds.
8. For two years, you need to report quarterly in the prescribed form. You need to understand that the money is given on the condition of co-financing. For young people under 30 years of age, the amount they must invest is 20% of the total amount of assistance. For the unemployed, this amount is 10% of the amount of assistance.

Evgeny Smirnov

# Business nuances

State support conditions for small businesses

The easiest way to get state support for business is to contact the Employment Center. The amount of assistance is 58 or 300 thousand rubles.

Article navigation

• Problems of supporting small and medium-sized businesses
• What are the state programs to support small businesses in 2019
• Support for small businesses at the federal level
• Types of support for small and medium businesses
• Consulting
• Legislative
• educational
• Preferential conditions
• Fund guarantee
• Types of financial support for small businesses
• Where to go for small business support
• How to get government support for small business development
• Conclusion

State programs to support small businesses in 2019 can greatly help in opening a new business, so this opportunity should not be neglected. Yes, not every type of business is helped, the amounts may not be too large, but if there is no start-up capital, then there is no choice.

In this article, we will talk in detail about the support of small enterprises by the state, we will analyze what difficulties may arise, what kind of assistance can really be obtained and what needs to be done for this.

Problems of supporting small and medium-sized businesses

Back in 2007, a federal law was adopted, which was supposed to ensure the development of small and medium-sized businesses, including through state support. However, the expected results were not achieved. In Russia, every year they talk about the need to develop small businesses, but the problems do not become less. There are quite a few reasons.

First, these are local officials, that is, regional authorities. They have plans to issue subsidies for small and medium-sized businesses, after their implementation it becomes not very interesting for them to work in this direction. Secondly, we should not forget about the corruption component, it is also here, however, we will not go into detail in the schemes.

Government support for small businesses is not targeted at all enterprises. For example, it is much easier for a new production to get help than for a store, car service, travel company, etc. Here, the regions have different policies, some prefer to act in a targeted manner, supporting only certain types of businesses.

Also, a certain problem is the rather high requirements for recipients of state support. Need to get additional education, collect a large amount of papers, report in a timely manner. In a word, there is enough bureaucracy.

Nevertheless, within the framework of state support, everything works more businesses SMEs, that's a fact. Problems hinder the implementation of the program, but there are still enough entrepreneurs who were able to receive real assistance from the state and successfully realized themselves.

What are the state programs to support small businesses in 2019

Each region has its own state support instruments, which change every year. Usually they are implemented in cooperation with certain banks in the form of subsidies for small and medium-sized businesses, and also provide an opportunity to obtain a loan on favorable terms (low interest rates, deferred first payment). Within the framework of this article, it is not possible to make a description of all regional programs, so we will focus only on federal ones. You can check the availability of regional programs yourself on the website of the administration of your region.

Support for small businesses at the federal level

Federal programs to support small businesses are aimed primarily at innovative technologies, industry, healthcare, Agriculture. Here is a list of a number of federal programs that may be available to any citizen of Russia, subject to a number of conditions.

Program "Start"

The amount of the grant can be up to 5 million rubles, but in some cases, the participation of the investor may be required. For example, you receive 4 million rubles, while you must have exactly the same amount from your funds or receive them from an investor. The Start program is aimed mainly at scientific and technical activities, it is precisely such projects that are most likely to receive state support.

Program "Umnik"

Here, too, priority is given to innovative technologies, provide a grant in the amount of 500 thousand rubles, but only to individuals whose age is from 18 to 30 years. Recipients are selected on a competitive basis.

Development program

Designed for small and medium-sized businesses, within the framework of this state support program, you can receive up to fifteen million rubles. The main requirement is the creation of new jobs. Provided for an existing business.

"Cooperation"

State program to support small and medium-sized businesses. You can get up to 28 million rubles, but these funds can only be spent on improving the quality of services or goods, which will allow you to start cooperation with large industrial enterprises.

That is, the program is suitable only for manufacturers of innovative products that have been successfully operating for some time.

Commercialization program

They give up to 15 million rubles, but only for the organization of production or the expansion of an already operating one. As in other cases, the emphasis here is on innovative products, although there have been cases when, under this state support program, money was received by manufacturers of conventional goods.

It is easy to see that federal financial support programs are mainly aimed at manufacturers of innovative (or high-tech) products. There is logic in this, but what about those who want to produce building materials or open a service business?

Here you need to look at regional and local programs, where usually the emphasis is on creating new jobs. At the federal level, they prefer to work with promising enterprises that create technologies. But the creation of jobs is at the mercy of the regional authorities.

State support for small and medium-sized businesses in different regions has its own characteristics. For example, in a region where most of GDP is agriculture, the emphasis is on the development of this particular industry, and getting help for other types of business is a difficult task if we are not talking about promising technologies.

Types of support for small and medium businesses

Exist different forms support, it is not always direct financial assistance. Here the state reserves the right to act different means. Of course, when you do not have start-up capital, other areas of government support look useless, but they can also be badly needed in some cases.

Consulting

There are two formats here: entrepreneurs are compensated for the costs of obtaining consultations (from lawyers, lawyers, industry experts, etc.) or the state itself provides such services. Advisory support is provided at the regional level.

Legislative

Adoption of laws that promote the development of small and medium-sized businesses. There is how federal laws, and regional, in accordance with local specifics. For example, "supervisory holidays" from inspections of supervisory organizations from this area. For each type of business, we recommend that you check the availability of legislative support yourself.

educational

Various training programs and advanced training courses. All are free and designed to provide you with new knowledge that you can actually apply to your business. Note that often when receiving financial assistance receiving educational support will be a prerequisite.

This should also include various seminars, forums and other similar events where knowledge is shared and own experience. This should not be underestimated, such educational support can be very useful.

Preferential conditions

This includes tax, administrative and financial incentives. In 2019, there are the following preferential conditions for small and medium-sized businesses:

• the ability to keep accounting records in a simplified form;
• opportunity to cash transactions without setting a limit and in a simplified form;
• with a staff of up to 35 people, fixed-term employment contracts can be drawn up;
• regional authorities were given the right to conclude lease agreements for premises with small businesses on favorable terms, in addition, they were given the opportunity to provide a pre-emptive right to buy;
• it is possible to obtain state guarantees, which increases the likelihood of obtaining a bank loan and can improve its conditions for the borrower;
• benefits for participation in public procurement;
• reimbursement of a certain part of the costs under leasing agreements, payment of loans, participation in various events (exhibitions, fairs);
• zero tax rate for two years subject to a number of conditions;
• the opportunity to receive low tax rates (this is the right of regional authorities).

Fund guarantee

The guarantee of funds for the promotion of small and medium-sized businesses is used to obtain bank loans. AT modern conditions this is often simply necessary, because, frankly, Russian banks do not want to work normally, and they do not know how. They rarely give business loans if there is no collateral.

And in this case The guarantee of the Entrepreneurship Support Fund is just such a pledge and guarantee.

Each fund has its own terms, some only work with an existing business, some are willing to vouch for a well-developed business plan. Here, too, everything depends solely on regional policy.

Types of financial support for small businesses

Most entrepreneurs are interested in financial support. According to surveys, it is financial problems that most start-up entrepreneurs are most concerned about. Not every business begins to make a profit immediately after opening, in many areas it takes time, and accordingly, money is also needed. In 2019, subsidies are issued for the following purposes:

• purchase Supplies and raw materials;
• acquisition of new assets or modernization of existing ones.

Subsidies may be as follows:

• up to 300 thousand rubles are given to open a new business;
• for every created workplace can give up to 60 thousand rubles;
• as part of a one-time business support, they can give up to 25 thousand rubles (microfinance support).

Again, different regions have their own rules and their own amounts. For example, in Moscow you can count on 500 thousand rubles. On average, in other regions you can get 300 thousand rubles. Priority is given to unemployed citizens, persons with disabilities and persons who are raising a child alone.

Such financial state support for business is provided through the Employment Center, as well as through specially created funds. This is if we talk about the regional level, we wrote about the federal level above.

Where to go for small business support

There are different state structures where you can apply for support and financial assistance. This is first of all:

• Employment center.
• Local administrations that can deal with individual programs.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund.
• Business incubators.
• Fund for promoting lending to medium and small businesses.

Not all of these structures may be represented in your region, some may work at the federal level. But usually, when they think about getting financial support, they first of all mean the Employment Center.

You won’t get big money here, but if 300 thousand rubles is enough for you to open a business, then you should go there.

In the case of the need for a large start-up capital, you need to go to business incubators or a lending assistance fund. They help to find investors, get a bank loan or a grant.

How to get government support for small business development

Consider a step-by-step application to the Employment Center for financial support, which in modern conditions is relevant and most affordable for small businesses.

To apply, you must meet a number of criteria:

• age from 18 years;
• be registered with the Employment Center and have the status of unemployed;
• be registered with the Employment Center for more than 30 days and not be able to find a job due to lack of work.

It is important to know that within the framework of this state support for small enterprises, there are two options: a subsidy and a grant. Subsidy - 58 thousand rubles, grant - up to 300 thousand rubles. The procedure for obtaining a subsidy will be step by step as follows:

1. Application for unemployment benefits.
2. A statement that you are going to open a business.
3. Passing testing.
4. Writing a business plan according to the established requirements.
5. Submission of all documents to the Employment Center.
6. If approved, you can already register an individual entrepreneur and LLC.

Further, it will be necessary to provide reports on their activities, which will confirm the targeted spending of funds. In practice, there are no problems with the approval of the subsidy, since 58 thousand rubles is a one-time payment of unemployment benefits to you for one year.

The procedure for obtaining a grant is exactly the same, the difference is only in more stringent requirements. In particular, they almost always require the creation of jobs, without which it would be pointless to apply. Every region has different requirements, but job creation is usually a must.

The main point is the creation of a business plan. It is on this basis that the decision is usually made. Also consider that there are annual plans to help small businesses. If you did not have time and all the grants have already been issued, then you will have to wait for the next year. On the other hand, if the plan is not fulfilled and the end of the reporting period is nearing, then applications are approved indiscriminately, without much attention to detail. But it is best to apply at the beginning of the year, so the likelihood of receiving a subsidy or grant becomes higher.

Conclusion

In modern conditions, the most simple option obtaining state support for small business in Russia remains the option with the Employment Center; 58 and even 300 thousand rubles are not the largest amounts, but in some cases they may be necessary. If more is needed start-up capital, this is where things get much more complicated. You need to look at federal support programs specifically for your type of business; they are far from always available at the regional level.

You can count on receiving a grant of millions of rubles only if you plan to create a business in the field of innovation. talking in simple words, no one will give you money to open another store. Here you can only get tax benefits, guarantee obligations that will help you get a bank loan, and even then not always, not in all regions and not for all types of business.

There is a certain logic in this, after all, it is the state that determines who needs help and who does not. The desire to develop the sphere of high technologies is also understandable. However, it cannot be said that production building materials- the area where there is no need for new enterprises. This is not true.

Concrete examples of state support for entrepreneurs tell us that existing and large businesses may well count on preferences, while small and medium-sized businesses are in worse conditions. Unfortunately, this is so. And so try to count on own forces. This does not mean that you should not try to get grants, subsidies and benefits, just rely more on yourself.

The number of start-up businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on economic indicators country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

State financial support contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, and material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to owners of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the amount of annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

• start-up business(up to 15 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 120 million rubles);
• small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
• medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To qualify for assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

• duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
• the company is registered with the tax service;
• SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits and also own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose field of activity is among the priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

• Manufacture of consumer goods.
• Popular directions of folk art.
• Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
• Housing and communal services.
• Agro-industrial department.
• The sphere of science and technology, as well as innovation.

How to get government assistance for small business development in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned through certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs to citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which contributes to quality improvement and price stabilization.

But along with the conclusion of a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill certain obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from receipt financial resources from the state, a businessman is obliged to submit a report with documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. Trademarks or fiscal receipts, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if the business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement suggest that the activity of the financed small enterprise should last at least one year from the date of opening. This excludes the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many instances and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here is some of them:

• City administration. Department economic development provides information on types of financial support for small businesses.
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates finance for the activities of a small enterprise.
• Business incubator. This organization is engaged in infrastructural support of the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
• Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects, further invests money in their activities.
• Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list required documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

1. Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
2. Insurance certificate (SNILS).
3. A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which indicates salary information for three months before the completion of work.
4. Education document.
5. Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (according to a specially approved form).
6. Ready business plan.

Money from the Job Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is to apply to the Employment Center. How is this procedure carried out?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain the status of unemployed. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is due only to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• work book;
• marital status document;
• education document.

Then you need to write a business plan With detailed description project, targeted distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The package of documents is considered by the regional commission within 60 days. If a positive decision is made between the applicant and the Employment Center, an agreement will be concluded, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain costs, such as the registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a rejection notice, they may try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type the allocation of funds from the state involves helping novice businessmen to open a business and those who are engaged in entrepreneurial activity no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

• Department of Economic Development.
• Funds for supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
• Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for obtaining a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state law, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gaming activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is directed to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid to invest, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

• Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
• An extract from the bank on the amount of own finances.
• Certificate of positive credit history.

Then the Sectoral Commission decides on the provision of funds. Maximum size the cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state prioritizes the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy Program

State plans for subsidizing small enterprises are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

1. Federal programs. They are implemented nationwide, they are also characterized large quantity allocated money for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. hallmark is that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already engaged in commercial activities.
2. Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and dispose of the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of the whole region.
3. Local programs. The scale of implementation is work with city or district entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The amount of assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing an application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent selection rules. The small business owner should take this into account.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive material support from the state can apply for concessional loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all your questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for business start-ups.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investments and investments in the project of the businessman's own funds. Their number is determined as follows:

• 20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if the repayment of the loan is planned from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
• There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can government money be used for?

As mentioned above, the granting process is a donation of funds that promote the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

• Payment for the lease of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
• Replenishment of working capital.
• Workplace equipment.
• Acquisition of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
• Purchase of consumables (the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
• Renovation and refurbishment work.
• Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates exactly what the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, certificates and receipts must be submitted to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

In our time, the state is ready to help novice businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

1. Possibility free education . Why in the first years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about the conduct of their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit relevant documents to the appropriate authorities: paid invoices, certificates of completion of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.
2. Rent reduction. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property, and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year, the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the subsequent period, the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional assistance to pay for communications.
3. Compensation for participation in exhibitions. To promote and further development small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the results of the selection, the state can help pay for the costs of registration, rental of a place, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions to receive compensation for small businesses: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the possibility of increasing capital small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant state bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to use the assistance as efficiently as possible and fulfill his obligations.