Business financial assistance. State, banks, investors - what to choose? Where to get money to start a business from scratch

One of the key directions in the development of the Russian economy is the support of small businesses. On the this moment there are several programs in operation, the implementation of which is closely monitored by the government. You will learn how to get money for business from the state free of charge in 2018 from this article.

Reasons for reducing small business assistance programs

Due to the difficult economic situation in our country, federal subsidies to small businesses from the state in 2018 were significantly reduced. According to information received from representatives of the Ministry economic development, in the budget for 2018, only 11 billion rubles are allocated for these purposes, given that in 2014 the government allocated 20 billion rubles to support small businesses, in 2015 - almost 17 billion rubles. In order to rationally divide the funds between all the subjects of our country, special competitive procedures will be carried out.

Since the volume of financial support has been significantly reduced, the regions will have to determine on their own priority areas activities that require government funding. That is, the funds will be directed to the most important sectors of the economy, such as trade, Agriculture, as well as utilities and household services. It is also worth noting innovative activity and implementation of social projects. Therefore, before choosing a direction of activity, you need to find out. After that, you can safely make a final decision.

Despite all these changes, every entrepreneur has the right to count on subsidies for small businesses from the state. It's regulated federal law No. 209-F3, as well as the relevant regulatory legal acts. Different support programs differ in terms of budget, duration and conditions of issuance Money. In all regions of the country, special bodies have been created that are responsible for the implementation of these programs. Them full list presented on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia.

Types of state aid

In 2018, small businesses can count on the following types of support:

1. Information assistance and consulting (various free seminars, training courses, as well as preparation of special training materials);
2. Infrastructural support (funds for the development of small businesses, business incubators, etc.);
3. Fairs and exhibitions (provision of exhibition equipment, as well as the right to free participation in such events);
4. Registration of licenses, various permits and accounting support;
5. Promotion of innovative developments;
6. Financial assistance (subsidies, benefits and grants).

Non-governmental organizations can also provide assistance to small businesses. But entrepreneurs are most often interested in how to get money for the development of small businesses from the state in 2018, although much more funds are allocated from the budget for other types of support than for financial assistance. Let's look at the types of assistance that these organizations provide in more detail.

Small Business Development Grants

This is a gratuitous subsidy from the state for starting a business. The demand for such programs significantly exceeds the supply, so getting a grant will take a lot of work. But it's worth it, because 300-500 thousand rubles is an excellent support for any aspiring entrepreneur.

To receive money from the state to start a business in 2018, you need to take part in the competition. Grants can also be awarded by various charitable or investment funds and other organizations. Choose only those projects that relate to your field of activity, otherwise participation in the competition will be meaningless.

What documents will be needed for this? First of all, you must register.

After that, you need to collect the following documents:

• Application;
• A completed application form;
• Copy of the passport;
• Diploma of higher education(if available);
• Copies of constituent documents;
• Registration certificate;
• Documents confirming the right to the premises.

It should be remembered that the package of documents may change, so this information must be clarified before each competition.

Subsidies for start-up entrepreneurs

If no more than 2 years have passed since the registration of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity, the entrepreneur falls into the category of beginners, so he can safely claim a subsidy from the state for the development of small businesses. The maximum amount that can be received as support is 500 thousand rubles.

Package of documents:

1. Application;
2. Feasibility study of the project;
3. Business plan;
4. Copy of certificate of state registration;
5. Order on the appointment of a director and chief accountant;
6. Personal profile of the head;
7. Certificate from the bank on the status of accounts;
8. Copies of statutory documents;
9. Report on financial results for the last year.

It is important to know that financial assistance is provided subject to co-financing of expenses. That is, you must invest at least 50% of your own funds in the total project budget.

The received subsidy can be used for the following purposes:

• Purchase of machinery and equipment;
• Organization of new jobs;
• Purchase of raw materials;
• Room rental.

All costs must be documented. The selection of applications for business subsidies from the state is carried out during the year at least once every two months. In case of misuse of funds, the entrepreneur is obliged to return them in full to the budget.

Irrevocable state subsidies for the development of small businesses are issued to entrepreneurs for the purchase of fixed assets. The state pays 50-90% of the value of assets for total amount no more than 10 million rubles.

Financial assistance for self-employment

This subsidy from the state for starting a business is provided to unemployed citizens who are officially registered with an employment center. It corresponds to the amount of the annual unemployment benefit, that is, it is 58.8 thousand rubles. If you give jobs to people who are officially unemployed, you will get the same amount for each employed person.

Let's take a closer look at how to get a business subsidy from the state:

• Make a competent business plan;
• Register officially IP;
• Get money;
• Prepare a report and attach documentary evidence of the intended use of funds.

So, you have decided and are ready to open your own business.

Where to begin?

First of all, collect information about the requirements that the employment center imposes on job seekers. You also need to ask what government programs to support small businesses operate in your area. Such information can be found on the official website of the city administration or in the employment center. In addition, you should consult on this issue with an experienced lawyer.

To get a subsidy, you will have to spend a lot of time going through bureaucratic instances. The most important thing is to objectively assess your capabilities and set realistic goals. All this is reflected in the business plan. Start working on this document before you quit your day job. If you cannot decide, seek help from specialists who will indicate the most promising and profitable areas activities.

To obtain the status of unemployed, you will need the following documents:

• The passport;
• Diploma or certificate;
• Employment history;
• Application for opening a bank account.

After that, you should fill out an application form in which you confirm your desire to become an entrepreneur and pass a special test.

Next, there's one more milestone This is the defense of the business plan. It resembles an exam at a school or university. The effectiveness of your project will be evaluated by a special commission. If the entrepreneur knows for sure, his business plan will look realistic and, most likely, will convince the members of the commission that there will be no problems with its implementation.

After the defense, you can write an application for financial assistance. A business plan should be attached to it and that's it. Required documents. If the commission approves the project, you will be informed that you need to sign a contract. Further, you can register as an individual entrepreneur or entity. The last stage is the presentation of documents on state registration to the employment center. They should be accompanied by receipts of payment of fees. After that, 58.8 thousand rubles will be credited to your bank account. Do not forget that this money can only be spent for its intended purpose. Of course, this amount is not enough to open a business, but it will be a reliable help for any novice businessman.

Methods of reimbursement of interest on a loan

Another option on how to get money from the state for business development in 2018 is to achieve reimbursement of interest on loans. Part of the interest accrued on loans for the purchase of machinery or special equipment can be compensated from the state budget in the amount of 1/3 or 2/3 of the total rate. Money is paid in the presence of documents on the payment of loan contributions.

Only those enterprises that are engaged in the production of excisable goods, as well as their sale or mining, cannot receive such compensation. These are the areas

Small business (MB) is not a side sector of the economy. This is a completely independent segment of enterprises, the importance of which has been growing especially in recent times.

Whether your company belongs to the IB is determined by 3 criteria:

• Not more than 25% - the share of third parties (municipal, charitable, investment, religious and other Russian or foreign entities) in the authorized capital;
• Up to 100 people - the number of employees;
• No more than 800 million rubles. - the annual revenue of the enterprise without VAT (Government Decree No. 702 of July 13, 2015).

Any business is tied to monetary risks. The question is on whose. In most cases, in order to open and develop an enterprise, it is necessary to attract borrowed funds. To get more benefits from entrepreneurship, you need to find the most profitable ways to replenish the treasury.

Money for the development of MB can be obtained in the form of:

• Subsidies from the state;
• Grant;
• Credit (loan).

Of course, there is a practice of borrowing from private individuals, but it is purely individual and not always legal and safe.

To whom and under what conditions are state subsidies issued?

The amount of the cash subsidy is a little short of 60 thousand rubles, but not everyone can get it. You will have to be patient for at least 2-3 months - this time is enough to:

• Get the status of unemployed at the employment center;
• Provide the service with a passport, TIN, PF insurance certificate, education document, work book with a salary certificate from the last place of work;
• Draw up a business plan indicating the direction, main aspects of the future business and proof of its profitability (first ask if there are subsidies for projects like yours);
• Defend the business plan on the appointed day.

Having received a positive decision, you register your enterprise (IP or LLC). The state may demand a refund if:

• After 3 months of work, you will not provide the labor exchange with full reporting on the funds spent, including checks, invoices, warrants, etc.;
• The enterprise will be closed, having not existed for a year.

How to get a grant?

Not an easy way to get financial support. The grant is not provided for the opening of a regular grocery store or a hairdresser. It is necessary to prove the viability and prospects of the idea so that it is of interest to investors. You will have to act according to the following scheme:

• Familiarize yourself with the announced grants;
• Develop original project, which will meet the requirements of sponsors;
• Draw up a business plan indicating the purpose, the amount of the grant.

After the project is approved, a phased transfer of funds will begin. Sponsors will invest in tranches to make sure at the start of each next stage that the funds transferred at the previous stage are used for the intended purpose. Sometimes assistance will come not in cash, but in commodity form, for example, if the plan provides for the installation of equipment, machinery, etc.

Lending and non-credit methods of replenishing the balance of a small business

Grant and subsidy are ways of gratuitous financing: if special rules are observed, there is no need to return the money. Second - you will receive them as start-up capital. Where to get funds if the company is already operating? – Apply to a bank, MFI for a loan (loan) or use other (non-credit) sources of funding.

Credit and financial structures offer several programs for IB:

Program	Peculiarities
Microcredits (loans)	A small amount of 30-300 thousand rubles. Fast processing, minimum documents, high percentage.
Overdraft	Limit amount provided by tranches different size(up to 1 million rubles), but not more than 30% of the company's average monthly turnover. Convenient way urgent receipt of money, but a pledge is required (real estate, cars, other liquid property).
Start-up (for opening)	A little common type of loans and, as a rule, is provided in the form of collateral. Very rarely, a business plan can be accepted as security. Each bank has its own lending strategy for individual entrepreneurs, including taking into account the industry factor: there are practically no chances for lawyers, machine builders, networkers working in the food sector, and other areas that banks consider unpromising, and therefore risky .
Target loans	In the contract, specify how much money is required and why they are needed. If you want to buy equipment, you will have to report to the bank that they were spent in accordance with the specified purpose, otherwise you will violate the contractual terms. The Bank has the right to demand the return of the entire amount with interest and penalty.
Project finance	An uncommon type of loan within the framework of modernization, re-equipment of an enterprise, overhaul. Convince the banker that by investing credit funds not in production, but in the purchase of, for example, low-liquid equipment, the company will still remain profitable and you will be able to pay off the debt. This will require a plan detailing financial flows.
commercial loan	Provided by the seller in a commodity form. Supports mutual interest of partners. The company has produced the product and is ready to sell it through the partner's network, but he does not yet have the funds to pay for it. There is a deferred payment.
Investment loan	Provided by a financial institution for the implementation of a specific investment program. Issued for a long period (10 years or more) until the logical assurance of the project. The borrower is required to have an investment plan and financial statements. The assets of the company are provided as collateral.
Venture funding	A rare type of loan. It is accompanied by high risks, because it is deprived of any guarantees, and accordingly it is provided at a high percentage.

Leasing is also used as an effective tool for replenishing the balance of an enterprise. The method does not apply to purely credit products, but is a hybrid of rent and credit. You need 1-2 or more cars, but there is no way to buy them - the lessor will do it for you: the car fleet will be owned by the lender, and you will use the car and pay their cost until you completely close the debt plus commission for leasing services. Of course, you can buy cars on credit, but there are much more chances to get them on lease, and the conditions here are more loyal. Because of the delay, the lessor will not go to court, but will make the payment schedule more convenient.

In a similar situation, you can turn to factoring services. The principle of operation of such companies is the assignment of the rights of claim under the contract. Example: you need a batch washing machines you cannot pay for them. Contact a factoring company: the company will buy the goods from the supplier and the right of claim will pass to it. A factoring agreement is concluded for a short period (on average 30 days), for a specific transaction or for a certain period (when all sales made during this period fall under the agreement). In this species financial assistance there are a lot of nuances, only trusted companies with an impeccable reputation can use it.

Despite all the difficulties and bureaucratic obstacles, more and more Russians are striving to become independent and open their own own enterprise. We have long been taught to perceive the state not as an assistant, but as an insurmountable barrier to profit. What are the chances that money for business from the state in 2018 will still be in your budget?

What help can you expect

The time when small businesses were left to their own devices is long gone. Today, the development of this area is a priority in domestic politics states.
According to new legislative changes, individual entrepreneurs may be eligible for the following benefits:

• cash subsidies;
• covering the costs of training (often, however, only partial);
• internships;
• leasing on preferential terms;
• free or preferential outsourcing service;
• grants;
• discounts for participation in exhibitions, fairs;
• partial compensation of interest on loans;
• provision of guarantees and guarantees by state funds, which simplifies access to borrowed resources.

It is also worth noting that not only government funds are involved in supporting small businesses. Those who provide assistance to newcomers include investment funds, public organizations, business schools, government agencies. They are the connecting link between the state and entrepreneurs.

Subsidies for start-up entrepreneurs

The business support decree applies to everyone who has a USRIP record sheet. These individuals may apply for cash grants.

The main condition is that the registered enterprise should not be more than two years old. It is such a business that is considered as a start-up and can enjoy the privileges of the entrepreneurship support program.

The amount of assistance is set depending on the region in which your company is registered. The maximum assistance that can be received in the capital is 500,000 rubles. In the regions, no more than 300 thousand are allocated. However, it is worth considering that due to the crisis in the country, money to support small businesses is transferred from the state budget quite slowly, so not all funds accept applications for subsidies.

It should also be understood that the individual entrepreneur receives the allocated money for business development from the state on the terms of co-investment. It is impossible to organize your enterprise only with state money; you will also need to make personal savings.

In addition, the subsidy can only be used for strictly regulated purposes:

• payment for the rent of the premises;
• equipping the workplaces of employees;
• purchase of materials and raw materials for production (only 1/5 of the assistance received can be used).

You will need to report on how much and where you spent the money fund. For verification, the regulatory authority will require receipts, certificates, contracts. In addition, you must first familiarize yourself with the financing conditions in your region in order not to violate the requirements of local laws.

Support for the unemployed

Support for business by the state can be implemented in another way - through the employment center. To receive assistance, you must first register with the local employment center as unemployed. Then it is reasonable to refuse all the offered vacancies, draw up a business plan future activities and submit it for consideration along with other required documents.

If everything is done correctly, you will be allocated funds to bring the project to life. The amount of assistance, of course, is not too large - 58,800 rubles. But if you have a viable idea and a strong desire to implement it, this should be enough to start.

An important condition for obtaining this type of assistance is constant (quarterly) reporting on the expenditure of funds to the employment center. If it turns out that the money for business from the state was directed not for the purposes provided for by the business plan, the entrepreneur will be obliged to return the subsidy. He will be blacklisted and will no longer receive government assistance in the future.

Other help options

There are a number of other options for state support.

Free education

Most common cause collapse entrepreneurial activity is the lack of necessary knowledge about doing business. They, in turn, are difficult to acquire due to the high cost of the corresponding educational services. As a grant, the state provides aspiring entrepreneurs with the opportunity to attend various courses, seminars and lectures free of charge.

Rental discounts

State support can also be expressed in the form of discounts on rent for premises for office or production. True, such assistance is possible only if the rented building or premises is on the balance sheet. state fund. If you want to get it, be prepared to participate in the competition for the title of the most deserving tenant. If you win, you will be additionally allocated a subsidy for connecting all the necessary communications.

Where to get money for business: 4 ways to mobilize your own reserves + 6 ways to get help + 7 common mistakes in working with investors.

And a business without investments is, they say, some kind of nonsense turns out.

"Now, if you told me, where to get money for business, - these people complain to everyone and everyone, - then I would immediately become an entrepreneur.

Indeed, there is some truth in their whining, but the situation is not as hopeless as it might seem at first glance.

There are many ways to find the required amount of capital investment.

The main thing is not to be lazy to look for them and not give up in front of the difficulties that arise.

Why is it useful to think about where to get money for a business?

I don't understand people who break their wings to their friends and relatives.

Once I observed the following situation in a pizzeria: a group of friends - 4 men - chatted to themselves about this and that.

Then one of them began to share his plans that he would like to open a stall with shawarma, hot dogs, pies, etc.

Like, I even found a great place - in front of one of the universities there is nothing like that, and students love this kind of food.

He said his eyes were on fire.

And then one of his friends, interrupting in mid-sentence, asks: “Do you have money for this business?”

The guy was embarrassed, but then he began to explain that he was thinking about selling his expensive car, buying himself some very simple car, and investing the rest of the money in a business.

You should have heard how his friends cackled: “Don’t even think about it!”, “What if you burn out, you’ll stay on the beans at all”, “You’re lucky that you took this car on credit before the rise in price and the jump in the dollar exchange rate, paid it before the crisis, and now you just want to squander?”, “Business is an unreliable business,” and so on in the same vein.

I saw how the guy wilted before my eyes and understood that after such support he would hardly want to promote his business idea further.

But what did it cost these pseudo friends to support him, to offer other options, ?

And he would grow wings!

And it is quite possible that he would gradually turn one shawarma stall into a whole network!

If money is the only thing stopping you from starting a business, then don't give up too soon.

There are plenty of options where this same money can be taken.

And most importantly - do not listen to the advice of such unfortunate comrades, they are all out of envy, because they themselves are not capable of an act.

Where to get money to open a business from your own reserves?

I beg you, do not scroll through this part of the article, just glancing at the title of the section.

Many people are convinced that they have no hidden cash reserves, so they have nowhere to get money for a business.

This is not true!

You can always jump in and find these very hidden reserves that will help you launch your own without outside help.

1. Austerity

Set a austerity regime for, say, 1 year.

Do not spend money right and left, but save 50% of every salary as an investment in your future business.

Are you getting a little?

So, it's time to turn on not only the austerity regime, but also active earnings and find one that will be completely postponed for opening a business.

As you can see, this amount is quite enough to open a small business.

endure one year without new clothes, entertainment and travel - not so difficult if there is such important goal like your own business.

The most important thing is not to break loose, succumbing to some kind of temptation.

During the time you are raising money for the business, you can:

• write a business plan;
• choose a place for;
• study information that relates to your sector;
• study competitors;
• think over competitive advantages, advertising campaign, etc.

2. Selling expensive things

Do not touch family heirlooms that your grandparents did not sell even on a hunger strike.

These are things that are far more important than your desire to become a businessman.

Let's take a different path and try to find what belongs to you personally and what you can do without.

You can borrow money to open a business if you sell:

• computer and household appliances;
• your jewelry;
• automobile;
• garage;
• suburban area, etc.

But selling or forcing the only housing is not worth it.

No matter how much you believe in success own business, no matter how much you want it to bring you big money, a startup may turn out to be unprofitable.

This means that you should not turn yourself into a homeless person.

3. Source of additional income in addition to an open business

Let's say you have a small amount of money that will cover at least some part of the initial investment.

The rest can be borrowed or borrowed from the same bank.

Since it is foolish to rely on huge new business income (it takes at least 3 months for income to start covering expenses), you need a source of additional income.

In this case, you can take money for a business:

1. Working or moonlighting in parallel with the launch of a startup.
2. Renting out a house, garage, car or something else.
3. Putting some of the money on deposit and using interest to pay off the loan, etc.

4. Capital diversification

In this case, it will be possible to take money for those entrepreneurs who already have several business objects that bring money, but want to expand.

You can use the income from one of your companies to open another.

You can also receive funds if you reduce the costs of an operating company and direct the money saved in this way to a new business.

Where to get money to start a business: looking for gratuitous assistance

If the use of your own reserves is impossible in your case and you continue to think about where to get money for the business, this does not mean at all that you will not be able to launch a startup in the near future.

This means that it is time for you to put aside your pride and seek help.

Option number 1. Friends and relatives

This is the first thing that comes to mind when faced with a lack of money for your business.

Ask close people, perhaps one of them is ready to provide you with an interest-free loan for a long time.

It's okay if you have to borrow from several people at once - gradually pay off all your debts when your business becomes self-sustaining and starts to bring good profits.

If you decide to do business with friends and relatives, follow these rules so as not to ruin your relationship with them:

1. Do not be afraid to give a receipt, even if we are talking about the immediate environment - friendship is friendship, and business relationship require legal support.
2. Carefully observe the deadlines for the return of money if you have agreed to repay the loan in installments.
3. Be sure to pay off everyone you borrowed from, even if things didn't go as well as you hoped.

Option number 2. Subsidy from the state

If everything is thought out correctly, then you can use the state as a sponsor for your business.

My friend's husband managed to get his boss to fire him by paying compensation.

And then got registered with the Employment Center.

Since his official wage was quite decent, then for six months he received money from the state, investing this money in his business.

Now he has a small hardware store and quite pleased that he was thus able to find money for his business.

Option number 3. Business angel - a person

In fact, a business angel is not necessarily a specific person.

It can be a group of rich people who invest their money in promising business projects, and even a large company that is ready to invest in a newcomer.

To take money from a business angel, you must interest him in your idea.

It is unlikely that a rich person will want to invest in a banal institution Catering or stall.

This should be a truly innovative, original project that can bring good money in the future.

It was business angels who at one time managed to take money in such a way modern leaders like Google, Amazon and Intel.

With such generous sponsors, things are much easier in the USA or Europe, but in our country you can also look for a business angel to promote your business.

The Internet will help you find all the information you need.

And you can also wander through large offices with your business plan.

Option number 4. Competition or grant

This is another profitable way to take money to start your business and not give it away even if it doesn’t work out.

The main difficulty is to find out in time about such a competition or about the fact that some foundation is distributing grants.

Well, of course, you should interest the jury members with your idea - rich people are in no hurry to invest in unpromising projects.

Again, quite a lot of grants and competitions for start-up businessmen are held in the USA and Europe.

But even if you live in the post-Soviet space, you can take money to develop your business if you have good idea and write a good business plan.

For example, residents of Ukraine can apply to Innovative Breakthrough and receive $10,000 in winnings for their business.

Option number 5. Crowdfunding

Another great way, invented by the Americans, which allows you to take money to open your own business, both from ordinary citizens and large companies.

You can use ready-made platforms, for example, in Ukraine - these are "Spilnokosht" and " Big Idea”, in Russia – Planeta, Simex and others.

The essence of crowdfunding is simple: you present your project, open an account and ask everyone who cares to help with money.

People interested in your idea send funds to open a future business.

In this case, the more useful the project you propose for society, the more chances you have to raise the required amount.

Option number 6. The bank is the easiest place to find money for business

Getting a loan from a bank, especially if you have collateral, is not difficult.

The main difficulties are the need to repay this loan, and even with interest.

And yet, this option should not be completely dismissed, although it is advisable to hold it in the most extreme case.

You can also take money for business from the bank to open your own business, but:

1. First, try out all the options that will allow you to get an interest-free loan.
2. Don't post your only home as collateral.
3. Remember that you need to take the amount that would be enough not only to start the business, but also for at least 3 months of its maintenance.
4. It is advisable to collect at least 50% of the required amount, because it is quite difficult to build successful business if you have been working for several years to repay the debts to the bank.
5. In any case, you will have to give a loan to the bank, even if your project turns out to be unsuccessful.

A few more ideas on where to get money for a business are presented in the video:

Where to get money for business? Contact an investor!

Young entrepreneurs with smart ideas can stop thinking about where to get money for a business if they find an investor who is ready to share all the costs and risks with them.

Very rich people have become such because they do not miss promising ideas, and if you prove that your idea really deserves attention and present a competent business plan with real numbers, then the investor will gladly invest in your business.

If you decide to take money from an investor, then you should find the ideal contributor to your business, someone who:

1. Will not interfere too much in your affairs.
2. He will not take on a leadership position, remembering that this is still your business.
3. Will always give useful advice if you are asking for help.
4. He will easily make contact and will not, at every opportunity, remind you that it was he who gave money for the business.
5. A bit of a visionary, which means he knows perfectly well which business will bring good money, and which is not worth investing in.

It's great if you managed to take money from an investor for a business, but you should not make the most common mistakes of novice entrepreneurs:

1. Do not limit yourself to an oral contract, draw up official document, certified by a notary, with a description of the rights and obligations of the parties.
2. Learn how to work with an investor: you don’t need to deify him, but you shouldn’t treat him like a used thing either.
3. Do not terrorize the investor with your endless questions and requests, give you advice on nonsense things - learn to make decisions on your own.

Where to get money for a business from scratch in Russia? This question is asked by many aspiring entrepreneurs. For many, the only way out seems to be going to the bank, but there are many other ways to raise capital. Of course, each of them has its own difficulties and peculiarities. But anyone can use them. As a result, a businessman will be able to open his own business.

Creating your own reserve

This option is suitable for those who need money not right now, but after a while. The essence of the idea is to constantly set aside a certain amount of funds. The amount of savings will depend on several factors:

• the amount of income (wages, interest on deposits, dividends, etc.);
• cost level;
• accumulation periods.

This format of savings will avoid unnecessary overpayments. But not everyone can use this method. If a person spends everything that he earns, then he should look for alternative options.

Contacting the bank

When a person thinks about where to get money for a business from scratch, the first thing that comes to mind is to get a loan from a bank. Indeed, the sphere of lending today has become quite relevant and in demand. People are increasingly taking money for personal needs. But you need to understand that the bank will not issue funds to the future entrepreneur so easily. In this situation, you can go the following ways:

1. Apply for a regular consumer loan. It is not targeted, therefore, a person has the right to use the allocated money at his own discretion, including opening his own business. But you need to be prepared that the bank will not allocate a large amount.
2. Get money on the security of your own property. In this case, you can count on a larger amount. It is about 70% of the value of the collateral. They are usually an apartment, Vacation home, car or other valuables of the client. You need to understand that giving your property as a pledge, a person risks losing it if it is impossible to return the money to the bank.
3. Get a loan to start your own business. And such an option is possible, although banks are more willing to lend money to entrepreneurs who already have experience behind them. Main Feature of this lending format is that the funds financial institution will issue only subject to the availability of a competent and well-developed business plan. If in it a potential borrower can justify the proposed expenses and prove success, then the money in the bank will certainly be given to him.

Business loans are considered one of the riskiest investments for banks. Not surprisingly, the interest on them is quite high. Therefore, the entrepreneur must calculate whether he can return the money to the bank.

All three loans require the collection of documents. In all cases, a passport is required, often, another identity document, and a certificate of income in the form 2-NDFL. You can do without confirming your income, but then the interest rate on the loan will be higher. When applying for a loan as collateral, additional documents for real estate will be required. A loan for opening a business will not be issued without providing a business plan with calculations and confirmations.

Often, in order to increase the loan amount or improve credit conditions, people attract guarantors. But they must be reliable and solvent.

It is highly undesirable to take a loan to open a business for a long time. So the overpayment will be large. In addition, few banks are ready to issue money on such high-risk loans on long time. The ideal time period for a return is from six months to a year.

By the way, a targeted loan for starting a business can have one important feature - an individual debt repayment schedule adjusted for the business format. For example, if the business being opened is one of the seasonal activities, then the payment of the debt can be postponed just for those months when the profit will be maximum.

This option is worth considering for those who need a small amount of money to borrow. Not everyone can take money for a business without a loan from relatives. Some people don't want to risk good relations, someone does not have wealthy people in the environment, ready to borrow funds.

When turning to relatives for money, it is worth considering the possibility of paying them a certain amount at the end of the transaction. Let it be a lower percentage than in the bank, but both parties will be satisfied. In addition, during the use of funds, the purchasing power of money will decrease. It is quite logical that you need to give more than you take.

Attracting investors

Searching for potential investors is a great opportunity to find capital for your own business, especially for those who have not been in business before. Contributors can be considered:

• one man;
• a group of people;
• organization.

An important feature of this format is that an entrepreneur will have to do a lot of work at the stage of attracting investors. With the help of his business plan, he will have to convince investors that the business can really make a profit. In order for the attraction to bear fruit, you need to pay attention to the following factors:

• business idea. Investors are particularly attracted to new, yet undeveloped ideas. It is worth studying the situation in the region in advance, assessing the saturation of the market and the demand for the finished product.
• Clear calculations. Investor - a person who wants to get the money invested back, while getting the maximum profit. That is why all calculations must be very clear and justified.
• Demand. It is important to conduct a survey or social survey of the population, the target group at the planning stage. So you can understand how relevant the idea is.
• Prototype. If the entrepreneur already has a sample finished products, then this will significantly increase its chances of attracting investors. They will be able to thoroughly study the product, evaluate all its advantages and disadvantages.
• Registration procedure. Often investors want to become co-owners. Some of them prefer to buy equipment or specialized equipment for themselves, so that if something happens, they can sell it and get their money back.
• Income ratio. It is necessary to discuss in advance with investors what part of the income they will receive. At first, their share can reach 90%. This will allow them to quickly return their own funds.

A partner is essentially not very different from an investor. Only in this case he becomes a co-owner of the company and does not require a return of invested funds. Bought with his money technical means can be issued on it, and the profits can be distributed based on personal contribution each of the partners.

It is better to use a familiar and trusted person as a partner. It is impossible to neglect the drawing up of a clear contract. The document should include the following items:

• the amount of investments of each partner;
• How will profits be shared?
• under what conditions one of the partners can go out of business.

But with partnerships, a businessman will not be able to work as an individual entrepreneur, he will have to register a business in the form of an LLC or a general partnership.

Getting support from the state

Many entrepreneurs do not consider the possibility of attracting public funds to develop their own business, but in vain. After all, such forms of investment do not imply the need to return the funds received. The most common forms of state subsidies are:

1. allowance at the employment center;
2. grant to support representatives of small and medium-sized businesses;
3. subsidies for landscaping (issued by district administrations).

Contacting the employment center

The first format is the simplest in terms of design. True, you can not get such a benefit in every region. Therefore, it makes sense to contact the local employment center and find out whether funds are planned in their budget for the issuance of start-up entrepreneurs. Such a subsidy is possible under the following conditions:

• the entrepreneur is registered with the employment center;
• during the consideration of vacancies, a person could not find a job;
• the applicant has a business plan for starting his own business, and he successfully defended it before the commission of the employment center.

The amount of the allowance varies by region. Somewhere it reaches only 50,000 rubles, and somewhere it significantly exceeds this amount.

Getting a grant

Grants are issued only to existing entrepreneurs. Therefore, you must first register as an individual entrepreneur or LLC. Conditions for grants different regions their own, so they need to be studied on local sites. Moreover, all this information is in the public domain. There are several difficulties in obtaining a grant:

• own investments will be required;
• need a business plan;
• must be competitively selected.

Not the fact that a person will be able to get a grant. It's possible that someone else will overtake him. Therefore, you should not hope to receive money with a 100% probability.

Getting a subsidy

When it comes to a subsidy for the improvement of the territory, it means that a person will be able to improve some part of the city. For example, there he can build a park, Entertainment Center or something else.

The advantage of this subsidy format is the ability to receive an impressive amount. True, it will not be possible without your own investments.

Summing up

There are many ways to raise funds to start your own business. The success of the enterprise will depend on the seriousness and concentration of the entrepreneur. If he is diligent, purposeful and active, then he has a lot of chances to open his own business.