What are shutters in a hut. Why were shutters needed in houses in Russia

window shutters- panels made of wood, metal or other material, partially or completely covering the window. There are folding shutters, hinged, leaning (removable), as well as roller shutters. When installing swing shutters, a hook on the shutters and a loop on the wall are provided to fix the shutters in the open position.

In cold regions, solid shutters are common, which are closed to protect window glass from damage, as well as to reduce heat loss through windows in cold weather. These shutters do not let through sunlight.

In warmer regions, louvered shutters (ranch shutters) are used to protect the window from rain, while partially letting in sunlight and not preventing ventilation of the room.

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Literature

• Shutters // Brief Encyclopedia household. - M .: State Scientific Publishing House "Great Soviet Encyclopedia", 1959.

Excerpt characterizing window shutters

Everyone was silent. Tushin appeared on the threshold, timidly making his way from behind the generals. Bypassing the generals in a cramped hut, embarrassed, as always, at the sight of his superiors, Tushin did not see the flagpole and stumbled on it. Several voices laughed.
How was the weapon left? Bagration asked, frowning not so much at the captain as at those laughing, among whom Zherkov's voice was the loudest.
Tushin now only, at the sight of the formidable authorities, in all horror imagined his guilt and shame in the fact that he, having remained alive, had lost two guns. He was so excited that until now he had no time to think about it. The laughter of the officers confused him even more. He stood in front of Bagration with a trembling lower jaw and barely said:
“I don’t know… Your Excellency… There were no people, Your Excellency.”
- You could take it from cover!
That there was no cover, Tushin did not say this, although it was the absolute truth. He was afraid to let the other boss down by this and silently, with fixed eyes, looked straight into Bagration's face, just as a student who has gone astray looks into the examiner's eyes.

Window shutters are an archaic element of the interior. Previously, they were installed to protect the kitchen window from the cold and the sun. Today they also serve a decorative function. The design gives the cottage, giving functionality and originality. What are the sashes, what are they for, how much do they cost, why and how to install them in an apartment, the article will tell.

Manufacturers offer big choice shutters for windows, you can see them in the photo. Products are classified according to different features. By styling There are vintage, classic and modern models.

According to the structure, there are:

All varieties can be made of wood or metal.

Depending on the opening mechanism, there are systems:

1. Swing. They are divided into double-sided and single-sided.
2. Folding. They function like an accordion. By changing the position of the valves, the illumination of the room changes.
3. Roll. Roller window views (a subspecies of metal louvre structures). The protective element is wound on a drum.
4. Sliding. Pantograph grilles that move to the edges of the window opening.
5. Rollback. Rarely used to protect windows.

By location they are divided into:

• Internal. Installed inside the house. Most often used in multi-storey buildings.
• Outdoor. Mounted outside the room. More suitable for frequent buildings. They are removable and non-removable. The former have the form of shields that are completely removed from the window opening, while the latter are stationary.

Depending on the material of manufacture, they are classified into:

1. wooden;
2. plastic;
3. metal, for example, steel, aluminum;

Iron options are considered the most reliable. But wooden ones allow you to create interesting patterns and look more stylish.

Management is divided into:

• Mechanical. Opening and closing is carried out manually using a lever system.
• Automatic. A special electric drive is used.

Popular product features

New shutters on the windows perform a protective, energy-saving, decorative function.

The primary task is to protect the house from children, vandals, intruders, and the views of passers-by. French shutters are more reliable than bars. If you buy a high-quality structure and install it correctly, it will be more difficult to crack it than cut down the anchor pins of the lattice. Shutters protect the double-glazed window from direct impact with a heavy solid object. The grid is less efficient in this regard. They also protect the house from intense sunlight and strong winds.

The decorative function is especially pronounced in variants made of wood. Copies are carved, with an original curly pattern. It is easy to make beautiful sashes from an ordinary board with your own hands using a jigsaw.

Features of the choice of material

Often summer residents do not know what material it is better to take a product from, which manufacturer to give preference to. Wooden options versatile and attractive. Their advantages are simplicity and the performance of almost all the functions of window shutters. The disadvantages are that high humidity they swell strongly, and under the influence of the sun give a significant drying. Wooden models need periodic painting and treatment with special protective agents.

Metal specimens are used for protection country houses from thieves. Their advantages are the performance of all functions, simplicity of design. Many types have good external performance. Forging elements are used to give a more sophisticated look. Minus the high price of the goods, expensive installation.

Roller shutters are made of aluminum, plastic or steel slats. Steel is used in country houses and outbuildings, aluminum - for finishing residential premises and protecting against vandals. Pros: Affordable price, large selection color solutions. Minus in the absence of decorative elements.

Plastic systems - optimal choice for a cottage or country house. Advantages in light weight, low price, high strength and resistance to negative external influences environment, no operating costs. However, they do not differ in a large selection of decor and texture.

What material to choose from depends on the preferences of the buyer, the size of the budget. According to consumer reviews, the most practical are hardware, and the most original ones are wooden. As for the manufacturer, it is better to give preference famous brands. Cheap Chinese products are of poor quality. reliability, practicality, stylish design stands out the products of the company Intime.

The cost of various types of shutters on windows for a country house

The cheapest are single-leaf blind shutters, their average price is 2500 rubles per square meter.

In second place are double-leaf models - 3700 rubles. Shutters-blinds of a solid type cost 3,300 rubles, and double-leaf counterparts - 4,500 rubles. Swing single-leaf blinds are estimated at 4200 rubles, double-leaf - at 4900 rubles.

The price depends on:

DIY creation

Insulated doors in combination with sealed doors provide comfort and warmth in the house. Most often, metal specimens are installed on the windows from the inside. Summer residents order products in the workshop. But if there are necessary tools and certain skills, you can make them out of metal with your own hands.

For work you will need blanks:

The step-by-step process of creating double-leaf steel products looks like this:

1. taking measurements from the slope, window sill, corners.
2. welding of a frame from steel corners.
3. installation of a sheet on a metal rectangle, the fastening of which is carried out with bolts, nuts.
4. installation of stiffeners (provide additional strength).

It is important to constantly monitor the evenness of the structure with a level. The existing voids must be foamed, covered with an insulator. When planting the sashes on the hinges, it is recommended to pay attention to the quality of the closure. If the measurements are made correctly, in the center of the sash should converge perfectly, allow you to push the latch and close the lock.

Finished shutters should be decorated. The easiest option is to paint to match the color of the windows. An interesting method of decorating with fresh flowers. To give originality, it is recommended to use forged parts. They don't have to be done on your own. You can buy forging elements at a hardware store and carefully weld them.

September 18, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior decoration, construction of dachas, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and horticulturist. He also has experience repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)

Until recently, shutters on windows were perceived as decorative element rustic style architecture, so they were installed extremely rarely. However, recently the fashion for this facade element has begun to return, as a result of which shutters can now be seen on modern houses. And it went on sale a large assortment these products, which differ not only in design, but also in performance, as well as the functions they perform.

Why shutters are needed

As you know, windows are the most vulnerable place in the house, in terms of security, since glass is easy to break in order to get inside the room. Of course, grilles can be installed to increase security, however, they do not protect windows from vandals.

Therefore, if you leave housing for long time, then shutters are the most reliable way of protection. Accordingly, first of all, we can recommend using shutters for windows in the country. However, even if you live in the house permanently, they will also be useful.

The fact is that shutters can perform other functions:

• allow you to limit the view through the windows at night, and are also able to protect the room from intense sunlight, i.e. they can be used instead of curtains or blinds;
• can additionally protect from the cold on frosty days, in addition, they serve as additional sound insulation;
• often used as a decorative element that adorns the facade of the building. In particular, they can emphasize the belonging of the house to one or another.

Thus, shutters are a really useful and practical element of the facade, so it is not surprising that they are back in fashion.

One of the main differences between shutters is the material they are made from.. According to this parameter, they are divided into the following types:

Wooden

Wooden shutters can be called classic version, as these are the ones we represent when it comes to this element of window protection. It should be noted that wooden shutters windows are both internal and external.

Internal, as a rule, perform a decorative function, and also protect the room from the sun. The outer ones do a good job of protecting and decorative function.

Depending on the type of construction, wooden shutters are divided into several types:

• single-leaf hinged - consist of one door, respectively, suitable for small windows;

• double-leaf hinged - have two doors, as a result of which they can be used with both narrow and wide windows;
• folding multi-leaf - consist of several wings that fold like an accordion. The advantage of this design is that the window can be closed not completely, but only by a third or half;

• louvered - are a hinged or folding structure, inside which there are lamellas. A special mechanism allows you to change the angle of the slats, as in conventional blinds. Thus, it is possible to regulate the flow of sunlight into the room.

If the house is small and low, then it is more advisable to use internal shutters, since from the outside they will seem too massive.

Among the advantages of wooden products, the following points can be distinguished:

• environmental friendliness;
• attractive appearance- often wooden shutters are even decorated with carvings;
• durability, the only thing is that these products require periodic maintenance;
• can be strong and reliable.

Therefore, wooden shutters are the most popular. Their cost starts from 2000-3000 thousand rubles per square meter. The most expensive are carvings - the price of such shutters can reach 8000-10000 rubles per square meter.

Of steel

Steel shutters are the most durable, so they are used primarily as protective ones. However, do not think that they will not be able to decorate the facade of the building. For example, products with forging elements look very beautiful and in terms of aesthetics they are in no way inferior to wooden counterparts.

As for the design, iron shutters are most often swing single-leaf and double-leaf. In addition, there are louvered models.

Separately, it should be said about such a type of products as roller shutters. They are a canvas consisting of lamellas. When lifted, the canvas rolls up.

As a rule, such a design is equipped with an electric drive, which simplifies their operation, since you do not need to open and close the shutters with your own hands. Some models even come with a remote control.

These products cannot be called decorative, so they are rather anti-vandal. Of course, they can also be used for sun protection. Moreover, the canvas can be fixed in any position, which allows you to partially close the windows.

Metal models of shutters come with an external and internal safe lock, which can only be opened from inside the house. For a dacha that you leave unattended for a long time, it is more expedient to use products with an internal lock.

Among the advantages of these products are the following points:

• high strength;
• do not swell from moisture and do not dry out, unlike wooden counterparts;
• long service life, the only thing is that they also need to be periodically looked after.

Ordinary swing metal shutters windows cost an average of 3,500 rubles per square meter. Decorated with forging products, of course, much more expensive.

If you have welding machine, you can make simple metal shutters with your own hands. They consist of a frame, which is usually welded from profile pipe or corner, as well as plating in the form steel sheet, i.e. the design is quite simple.

aluminum

Aluminum shutters are of the following types:

• louvered-folding;
• louvered hinged;
• roller shutters.

It should be noted that aluminum products have an attractive appearance. Often they even imitate wooden shutters.. Therefore, they can be purchased as decorative, as well as for protection from the sun.

As for the protective function, aluminum models cannot fully cope with this task, since they are inferior in strength to some wooden and even more so metal counterparts. However, in any case, it is much more difficult to get into a window closed with such shutters than into an unprotected one, besides, they protect against vandals. Therefore, aluminum models are great for houses in which someone constantly lives.

In addition, these products have other advantages:

• they are light in weight, which simplifies their transportation and installation;
• not subject to corrosion and negative impacts environment. True, over time they may be required.
• can have not only a rectangular, but also an arched shape.

The cost of these products starts from 3000 rubles per square meter. True, there are expensive models from European manufacturers, the cost of which is several times higher than the price of metal counterparts.

Made of plastic

Finally, consider the plastic shutters. These products have an attractive appearance, and there is a fairly large range of their design. There are models for wood that imitate wood texture, as well as one-color products.

As you might guess, the main task of plastic shutters is to decorate the facade and protect the room from the sun. In terms of strength, they, of course, are inferior to all the products described above, therefore, they are not suitable for protecting housing from penetration.

However, their popularity does not suffer from this, which is due to the following advantages:

• low cost - from 1500-2000 rubles per square meter;
• unaffected by the environment:
• They are light in weight, so they can be mounted both on walls and directly on plastic windows or wooden frames;
• do not need care;
• simple installation instructions, so you can install them yourself.

Here, in fact, are all types of shutters that I wanted to tell you about.

Conclusion

As we found out, there are currently many types of shutters that are designed to perform different tasks. Therefore, when choosing, you need to decide on the functions that are important to you.

If decorative window shutters are required to decorate the facade, then aluminum or even plastic products can be used, but if it is necessary to protect the housing from penetration, then it is definitely better to give preference to steel products with a lock that opens from the inside.

The video in this article contains some additional information. If you have any questions regarding the choice of shutters or their performance, unsubscribe in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

September 18, 2016

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From the article you will learn:

No one will remember when wooden shutters appeared on the windows. Their history goes back thousands of years. They are mentioned in ancient times, they were considered inventions of the Romans, Greek poets wrote poems about them, and beautiful ladies waited for hours for their beloved, sitting near the window with wooden shutters. In the East, they even competed in the pomp of the ornament of the shutters, which were a sign of wealth and prosperity in the house. BUT in Russia wooden shutters are mentioned in almost every fairy tale. tradition to paint wooden windows took root so well that to this day it has been preserved in the Urals and the Volga region.

Windows were shuttered long before the advent of window glass. They served as protection from heat and cold, for this they were insulated in the middle with felt. Wooden shutters also protected the house from strangers at night, and during the day (in summer heat) they were simply taken out of the openings.

But technological progress did not stand still. Over time, wooden shutters were no longer used, in the middle of the twentieth century they were replaced by double-glazed windows and metal-plastic windows. They were not remembered for several decades. But now fashion is back. Wooden shutters have come out of oblivion. Today, people are willing to pay huge sums of money to have their windows decorated with wooden, painted, patterned shutters. With their help, you can add originality to any home, sacrificing even functionality.

Time has no power over them.

Neither years nor changeable fashion, nor cutting-edge technology could not make people forget about wooden shutters. Today, when humanity is chasing environmentally clean materials, the best option than a real tree, not to be found. In addition, they changed their appearance, became less bulky and more convenient to use. At the request of the customer, the shutters can close tightly or, on the contrary, swing open wide.

Despite more modern materials for the production of window shutters, wood is always held in high esteem. The strength and durability of plastic, as well as aluminum, cannot be compared with the quality of wood. Let there be more trouble with it, both in processing and in care, but their aesthetics and environmental friendliness are unsurpassed. The only drawback of wooden shutters is their high cost.

Scientists have long proven the benefits of wood effects on the body. With its help, a person can again feel the colossal energy emanating from wooden product that can absorb negative emotions and energize. Man is inextricably linked with nature and is a direct part of it.

Types and designs of shutters.

Many people imagine wooden shutters in the form of two swinging open different sides sashes. In fact this is not true. There are two types of wooden shutters: external and internal. serve to protect the house from thieves, and they are painted with patterns and colors. Such shutters are made of heavy wood species that can withstand mechanical stress and will not succumb to a master key. Interior shutters are used to decorate the room. They are made from lightweight materials, plywood, thin timber or even paper.

Wooden shutters are divided into different types structures: thyroid, trellised, made of wide timber or panel type. Today, blinds are at the peak of popularity. They are wooden planks inclined at an angle, which are mounted in a frame, thus providing soft lighting and airflow.

Due to the demand for these products, designers have diversified products different shapes: rectangular, figured, double-leaf, single-leaf, sliding and with additional doors.

Technical side.

Shutter material there may be pine and birch (the most affordable), but oak, larch and cedar are expensive species. Indoors, plywood or paper is used as a material.

The process of installing wooden shutters in window frame very simple, so you can easily cope with it experienced master, for which you only need to accurately perform measurements and installation rules. But do not forget that the tree requires careful handling, which requires a certain amount of knowledge, so do not try to install the shutters yourself.

Designer decoration.

In ancient times, wood carvers were famous for special honor. Today they are called decorators. They are able to decorate wooden shutters not only with a carved pattern, but also give the wood an aging look. Artificial aging of wood is very popular and is divided into three types: chemical, thermal and mechanical.

You can artificially age a tree. Thus, the worn surface of wood is achieved by mechanical aging, while the surface of the shutter is rubbed with a special brush to remove soft fibers. Chemical aging consists in treating the surface with ammonia, after which the wood becomes gray, very reminiscent of the old one.

Over the years, wooden shutters have changed and improved, but have remained popular to this day. They will regularly perform their functions for many years, and their decoration decorate any home.

Until our time, in many village houses retained on the windows wooden shutters. They have always served as additional protection. Shutters protected not only from robbers who can climb into the house by breaking the window. Shutters closed at night helped keep the house warm in winter.

Since earlier there were only small curtains on the windows, the shutters at night protected from extra noise and moonlight. In summer, on the contrary, the shutters could be closed during the day so that the house was not hot. They have always provided extra comfort.

What is the difference between modern shutters and traditional ones?

The shutters are as functional and comfortable as modern world they could not refuse. True, now they look and are called differently:

• roller shutters;
• blinds;
• Roman curtains.

Performed modern shutters of the most different materials: metal, plastic, wood, fabric.

Roller shutters are also called protective shutters. They are installed not only on windows. They are often seen at the entrance to a store or office, as well as in garages. Roller blinds are a structure made of an aluminum box installed at the top, with shafts inside. On this shaft is wound, manually or by means of an electric drive, a web assembled from aluminum lamellas. Roller shutters serve as protection against vandalism, as well as protection from light, dust and adverse weather conditions.

External blinds, unlike roller shutters, have rotating slats. They, as well as internal blinds, can change the degree of illumination of the room depending on the angle of rotation of the slats. When fully closed, they protect the window from the outside, just like roller shutters. The slats can be made of wood or aluminium.

Roman blinds installed outside are part of the architectural design building. They are widely used in European countries. In our country, they are used mainly in restaurants, cafes, bars, allowing you to protect the room from the sun on hot summer days. They give the building originality and, at the same time, create comfort in the room. Such curtains are made of special fabrics resistant to precipitation and fading from the sun. The fabrics dampen the sunlight without obstructing the view from the window.

Modern technologies and materials make it possible to replace traditional shutters on windows with functional systems combining protection and comfort.