Appointment of magnetic locks. Magnetic lock controller connection diagram

You will forget the advantages and disadvantages of conventional locks by purchasing an electromagnetic one. Power consumption of 5 W creates a force of 350 kg (Falcon Eye). Take care to set up the equipment correctly. Let's take a look at how the electromagnetic lock is connected.

Electromagnetic lock device

We saw the operation of a magnetic crane at the reception point. 5 W of energy will hold more than a third of a ton, how to believe? Athletes train for years, most deadlifts are unable to lift weight, the power required is 5 W ... 5 J / s, a little more than 1 cal, 4 kcal comes out every hour ... 1 gram of sugar. Great? 1 gram of sugar holds a third of a ton an hour! The supernatural abilities of the electromagnetic lock are evident. The energy consumption is so small, incomparable with a dim light bulb illuminating stairwell. LED Resting…

The principle of operation of the electromagnetic lock is interesting! - The first question, boring brain. Let's start by studying the design that creates the effort. Inside the electromagnetic lock there is a coil wrapping around the core in the shape of the letter Ш, the edges protrude outward, everyone can touch it by opening the entrance door with a button. The womb of the electromagnetic lock is filled with a compound, there is a coil inside. The internal device of the electromagnetic lock is exhausted. The formula indicates: the force holding a fixed steel plate fixed to the door depends on:

• Mutual area of ​​contact between the core and the plate;
• The number of turns of wound wire;
• Current.

Since the resistance of the coil of an electromagnetic lock is purely ohmic, it turns out that the strength depends on the voltage. An increase in voltage increases the current, according to Ohm's law (I \u003d U / R). Most electromagnetic locks are powered by a 12 volt network. Some manufacturers draw graphs of holding force versus voltage. It can be seen: the curve grows rapidly up to 10 volts, then smoothly bends, becomes parallel to the abscissa axis (horizontal). Excessive increase in power winding heats up. The compound interferes with cooling, interferes with service.

Desperate to find 12 volt power direct current put a limiting resistor. The goal is to reduce the load on the electromagnetic lock. With a tester, we measure the resistance of the coil (at the terminals). After we set up a calculation based on a simple proportion: Ulock / Uresistor = Rlock / Rresistor. Remember, Ulock plus Uresistor add up to the supply voltage, Ulock ultimately equals 12 volts. Let's take an example:

1. Let's say the controller board, the intercom is powered by 24 volts DC.
2. Measurements by the tester showed: the resistance of the winding of the electromagnetic lock is 30 ohms.
3. We solve the proportion: 12 / 12 \u003d 30 / Rresistor. Ulock + Uresistor = 24 volts.
4. Where we find: a resistor is required for 30 ohms. We take the resistance of the E24 series (see the review about the marking of resistances and capacitances, for example,). The nominal accuracy is 5%. If we take 33 ohms, the lock holding force will drop by 5%. So let it work better under more high voltage if the resistance slopes downward.
5. It's time to calculate the power dissipation. We divide 12 volts squared by 30 ohms, it turns out 4.8 W, roughly speaking, 5. Circuit resistors are marked with the Latin digit V. Look for the product here http://www.eliron.ru/catalog/rezistory/. Explore Aliexpress. For half a thousand you will take several hundred pieces. Will be sent to the post office of the Russian Federation.

Electromagnetic locks can be repaired. No compound, remove coil and replace. The core is glued from strips of sheet electrical steel. Designed to reduce the effect of residual magnetization. There are solid cores made of soft magnetic materials. The residual effect is higher. Heating does not occur, the current is constant. The release of heat is due to two phenomena:

1. Magnetization reversal became an alternating field. A residual effect is formed after the current is turned off in the electromagnetic lock.
2. Eddy currents (Foucault).

Both phenomena are eliminated by special measures. The currents are blocked by varnish insulation between the plates, electrical steel is weakly magnetized. Does not eliminate the residual effect completely. If the core is solid. Often, a large capacitor (above 200 uF) is connected in parallel with the coil inductance inside the electromagnetic lock. After the voltage is turned off, an oscillating circuit is formed, generating an alternating current, discharging through the winding.

The direction of the field changes direction quickly. The current decays, the energy is spent on remagnetization of the core. Tension quickly falls, the door opens without problems. Otherwise, the phenomena of residual magnetization can ruin people's lives. Not only the weak physically. The capacitor failed, the door began to be opened only by bodybuilders - the time has come to put a new non-polar container, parallel to the lock terminals.

Mounted lock

The price of a thing reaches 250 rubles. It depends on which model of capacitor to take. It remains to add: the phenomenon of self-induction when the power is turned off causes a strong self-EMF (reminiscent of a collector motor), provoking sparking on external buttons, relays. To avoid reducing the service life of the mating equipment, choose controllers equipped with output stages of electronic switches: transistors, thyristors various types. The effect is blocked by a diac (DIAC - diode symmetric thyristor), which limits the current in both directions (smoothes oscillations), sparking is stopped at the root.

Installing an electromagnetic lock

Firstly, there are locks that work on closing and opening voltage. It is proposed to set the jumper switch correctly. The number of output terminals increases to five:

• Two pins are used for power supply (for example, 12 volts).
• Three contacts will serve as a switch, it is supposed to use two of them. COM (common) always works, the state of the other is determined by the rule: whether the button, the controller in the normal position will be closed or open.

Choose a controller accordingly. The type of lock described in the previous subsection is produced by the OLEVS factory, simply controlled by the presence of power. Before installing, find out:

1. Is there a quenching double-sided limiting thyristor.
2. Whether the remanence blocking electric capacitance is built in.
3. Lock behavior, control methods, options.

Do not forget, the equipment often needs to be paired with an intercom. The controller is equipped with an input for unlocking the lock by pressing a single button (including the one located at the door to the street). Often the lock is operated in pitch darkness, it is good if there is a backlight LED power terminal on the front intercom control panel. The visitor immediately sees where to attach the magnetic key.

Please note: for reasons of low magnetization, the steel plate mounted on the door is practically devoid of alloying additives. Virtually immune to corrosion. The factory applies a protective coating:

• Lacquer is the cheapest option. The layer is thick, short-lived. The increasing distance between the steel plate and the lock reduces the force of attraction.
• Zinc will be called a compromise. The layer is durable, beautiful. The pressing force of the electromagnetic lock drops, reduced by the increased gap.
• Nickel is considered the most expensive, high-quality coating. Beautiful and rust resistant. Being a ferromagnet, nickel is attracted to the lock. Therefore, it slightly reduces the pressing force.

The steel is rusty - avoid pulling while waiting for problems to start. Take a fine skin, clean off traces of corrosion, varnish. Of course, if you have a friend who operates a home metal anodizing plant, please contact us. Getting zinc chloride is a technical matter. You can get hold of a nickel by allocating finances. Exist folk remedies, like an emulsion obtained by adding a paraffin candle to kerosene.

“If the contact pad of the door is sealed with a plaster, it is quite possible that the entrance is marked with robbery preparations. The technique is mercilessly exploited by thieves for illegal entry into foreign territory. Will be right, bypassing management company, call the police, ask the necessary questions. The cops will figure it out. It is useless to remove the patch yourself, it will be pasted again. Increasing the gap between the contact pad, the lock reduces the force of attraction. Thieves will be able to open the door with their bare hands."

An electromagnetic lock can be installed on the jamb. To be comfortable, to look beautiful. For a better fit, two washers are used for each screw, from the jamb - steel, on top - rubber. Allow the contact pad to wiggle slightly, fitting snugly against the core. TORX hex head screws last longer. Before connecting the electromagnetic lock, select the mounting option:

1. The lock is placed on the upper jamb from the inside, with the core to the door. The contact pad is mounted opposite. Additional fasteners are not required.
2. If the door is glass, transparent, it is permissible to mount the lock with the pad inward. The steel plate is replaced by a Z-angle. It is assumed that the door opens into the room.
3. If the jamb is too narrow, if it is not possible to put an electromagnetic lock behind the door, it is allowed to expand the surface with a corner. Carry out installation on top, as in the first option.
4. Sometimes you have to open the door to the side with which the lock is located. The contact pad should be horizontal, along the top. It is carried out with the help of a corner. The same way plate is placed horizontally. The gap is minimal. It is clear, it is difficult to calculate, but it is convenient to use trim washers. Please note: the door will warp, the system will not work.
5. The last described method can be supplemented with a decorative PVC profile around the perimeter. Position it so that the electromagnetic lock is hidden.

With any of the methods, it is easy to combine the connection of a video intercom with an electromagnetic lock. But the first one is most often used. The connection diagram of the electromagnetic lock depends entirely on the control (as it should already be clear), and some also have a switch to select the supply voltage. So there will be something to break your head over.

Then the binding (connection) of the electromechanical lock to the subscribers' keys is carried out. This is done through the controller. To simplify the process, a master key is used, but that's another story. That's all they wanted to say about connecting an intercom with an electromagnetic lock.

One of the most reliable locking mechanisms can be safely called electromagnetic door lock. It is impossible to pick up the key to such a bolt. It differs from standard door locking devices in its durability, compactness, installation and ease of operation. There is no need to make a key hole to open. The principle of operation of a magnetic door lock is based on the occurrence electromagnetic field due to which metal plates are tightly connected. To open the door, it is necessary to send a signal to a special sensor and the circuit will open.

Appearance of the device

Complete set of electromagnetic lock

For self-installation of such an element, you must purchase in advance additional elements to ensure the correct operation of the device.

The kit consists of:

• the mechanism itself, complete with a reciprocal steel bar and connecting wires for connecting the power supply;
• controller - through it, control over the device is carried out. Connection of additional devices is made through it. For different models of mechanisms, the controller is selected separately.
• signal reading sensor. The door is opened both by entering a digital code, and with an electronic key, which may look like a key fob or credit card. Depending on the unlocking method used, a specific code panel is installed.
• set of keys. It consists of six positions, but one more is added - the main key. Thanks to him, the rest of the keys in the kit are reprogrammed. There are models equipped with only three keys.
• buttons to open the door from the inside without the use of keys. Are established from the internal party of the room directly near a door.
• power supply with emergency battery. The electromagnetic lock works from a network of 220 volts. But since there are cases of power outages, an additional battery is needed to secure the home. It is installed indoors, and in the event of a power outage, it automatically supplies power to the device.
• the electromagnetic lock and auxiliary elements are connected to the network electrical wires according to connection schemes;
• in addition to the main set, automatic door closers are added. They will extend the life of the mechanism and reduce wear on the elements of the device.

How the lock works

Most users have a question - how is the installation and operation of the electromagnetic lock? Inside is a coil wound on the core. The rest of the place is filled with compound.

Depending on the voltage, the attraction force in the electromagnetic lock changes. The higher it is, the stronger the plates are pressed. But you should not give excessive voltage to the lock, this can lead to overheating of the coil. To prevent this phenomenon, it is necessary to install a current transformer.

In some individual cases, such devices can be repaired, but it all depends on the degree of damage. Since the lock is hollow inside, it will not be difficult to remove the coil. The device can heat up for several reasons. Firstly, due to the magnetization reversal of metal elements, and, secondly, due to eddy currents.

To eliminate such problems, lacquer insulation is installed on the electromagnetic deadbolt. As a result, currents will not occur, and the steel will not be magnetized as much. But all the same, the installation of varnish insulation will not ensure the complete elimination of the heating effect, therefore, in addition to it, a capacitive capacitor is connected inside in parallel with the coil. When the key is brought to the panel, the direction of the field changes, and the currents die out. The tension in the electromagnetic lock immediately decreases and the door opens.

Installing an electromagnetic lock

Depending on the model of the locking device, there are shear and holding locks. In the first case, the device is cut into the door leaf, since the principle of operation is based on fixing the lock tongue with a magnet. And in the second it is not necessary to do this. Here the magnet holds the opening doors. In this case, these magnetic elements are installed around the perimeter of the doorway.

Before starting the installation of an electromagnetic lock, a marking scheme is made at the installation site.

The main task is to measure the distance from door hinges. To determine the location of the counter plate on the door jamb, the main element of the lock is applied to the door leaf. After that, the stencil of the plate and fasteners is marked.

After the markings are made, a hole is made in the door leaf. For wooden products this is easily done with a hammer and chisel. And for metal doors this is done at the stage of manufacturing the sash. If this did not happen, then in order to cut out a place for an electromagnetic lock, you will have to disassemble part of the door skin.

Connecting an electromagnetic device

At self installation locking device, many people ask the question - how to connect an electromagnetic lock? To correctly carry out this procedure, you need at least a little experience with electricity, knowledge of the principle of operation of a magnetic key and instructions for connecting a specific lock model.

The connection diagram of the electromagnetic device has different variants. It all depends on the installation location, the number of connected elements, how many apartments the controller works for.

The controller is the main working element of the electromagnetic mechanism. Through it, the elements of the locking device and the signal from the impact of the key are connected. To connect the controller, a two-wire cable with a minimum cross section of 0.5 mm must be used. The connecting wires of the controller are placed in cable channels, corrugated hoses or walled up in the wall of the room.

In some cases, owners install an intercom on the door. To do this, the controller is equipped with an input for unlocking the locking element by pressing one button. In this case, the electromagnetic mechanism is marked on the diagram according to the connection with the intercom and controller. The castle will often be operated at night or in the dark, so it needs to be indicated against the background of the wall. In this case, it is desirable that the controller has a power supply terminal for the LED backlight mounted in the front panel. This will allow you to use the magnetic key without looking for the device to be read.

Often the magnetic lock circuitry includes a shunt diode. Many do not understand why you need to connect it. In fact, if the circuit is shunted, then the service life of the call panel is extended, the keys and the controller will work without interruptions, and there will be no need to frequently reprogram the keys.

Electromagnetic door lock control

The process of control and management is carried out through the controller, which performs a number of functions:

• power supply for door locking;
• transmitting a signal to open the device with a key;
• key encoding and recoding.

Key sets must be programmed before they can be used after installation. This is done when the lock is connected for the first time. The main key from the kit is brought to the controller through which the mechanism is controlled. After that, the controller is transferred using the jumper to the recording mode.

When the information is recorded from the main key, the keys from the kit are brought to the reader for further programming. When the procedures are completed with all the keys, the controller is switched to the operating mode. Basically, the keys for such products are in the form of a keychain. Also found in the form of magnetic cards or intercom tablets. But such keys are rarely used.

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In the process of arranging his home, every owner wants to make it not only cozy, but also safe. There are currently a huge number lock mechanisms of various types, but one of the most effective is an electromagnetic door lock.

Locking device

An electromagnetic lock is a fairly simple device. The main components of the mechanism are the core with the winding and the case. In most cases, the core is glued from transformer electrical sheet steel. This material is chosen to provide a reduction in the effect of residual magnetization when opening the lock. Also, to eliminate residual stress, the application of a special paintwork. However, this does not give the full effect of eliminating the accumulated stress.

In most cases, the element is made in the form of a set of small plates welded in the form of the letter "Sh". However, sometimes a solid core is also used, which is much smaller in size, but has a significant drawback: such an element is capable of intensively accumulating residual stress. Therefore, in a circuit of devices of this type, a large capacitor of 200 microfarads is installed in parallel with the core.

The winding is a coil with huge amount turns copper wire covered with enamel. The body of the product is often made of aluminum or of stainless steel. It is possible to use elements made of plastic, but this design is not durable and reliable.

Principle of operation

The principle of operation of the product is to activate the magnetic elements as a result of applying voltage to the winding and the housing through the wires and terminals of the core. As a result of these actions, from a voltage of 5 W or more, an adhesive force of magnets of 150 kg or more arises.

When the voltage is turned off and the lock is opened, an oscillatory circuit with alternating current is formed. The discharge process, due to the presence of a capacitor, occurs through the winding. This changes the polarity of the magnet element. The rest of the current goes to remagnetization.

If the capacitor fails, it becomes necessary to open the door with considerable effort. In this case, the part needs to be replaced. The new capacitance is installed parallel to the terminals. However, it must be non-polar.

Types of electromagnetic locks

Given the possibility of using various locking mechanisms in the device, products are conditionally divided into the following types:

• Shear;
• Retaining.

The main difference between the systems lies in the principle of operation. So, electromagnetic locks on a sliding-type door have a small anchor installed in the cross section. The holding anchor works on separation. The advantage of shift electromagnetic locks is the possibility hidden installation inside door leaf. Such a product does not block the opening.

Electronic sensors

Often, electromagnetic locks are equipped with built-in Hall sensors. This device responds to the position locking mechanism and locking the door leaf. Such a sensor is always located inside the product, therefore, with an external visual inspection, it is impossible to definitely say whether the lock is equipped with such a device.

Thanks to the Hall sensor, signals are sent to the core of the mechanism at high speed and with its help you can find out not only whether the door is open or locked, but also how many people have passed through it.

A significant advantage of such sensors is high anti-burglary performance, as well as wear resistance. Products are not sensitive to temperature changes and humidity levels. In addition, it is impossible to open the mechanism using standard tools in the form of master keys.

Features of electromagnetic type mechanisms

It is worth knowing that not all electromagnetic locking mechanisms have electronics inside. Products without internal electrical elements are much easier to use and manage. Each of these devices has markings in the form of the letters "ML" and accompanying numbers. The numbers indicate the weight in kilograms required to open the door.

During the installation of the retaining lock, the mechanism is applied to the door leaf. The trim is mounted on top of the door, thereby taking away free space and narrowing the opening. For this reason, mortise-type locking mechanisms are much more convenient.

Installation and adjustment of the electromagnetic type locking mechanism must be carried out only with the power supply turned off. Such measures are necessary, since during the installation process there is direct contact with the parts of the product that conduct current.

The installation of electromagnetic type locks is carried out even at emergency exits, since they are much safer than conventional mechanical type locking devices. In the event of a power failure of the electromagnetic unit, the lock will automatically open.

Device selection

When choosing an electromagnetic lock for a door, the main criterion is the weight and thickness of the door itself. In the presence of light door it is not necessary to mount a locking device with a maximum holding force of 500 kg. For such products, a lock with an indicator of 150 kg is ideal.

It is advisable to install locking mechanisms with the highest possible magnet retention rates in reinforced and armored door structures.

Installation of an electromagnetic lock

Mounting the lock is quite simple on your own. Before the installation process of the product, you should prepare all the tools necessary in the process of work:

• Building level;
• A hammer;
• Roulette;
• Screwdriver;
• Electric drill;
• wire cutters;
• Fixing tool;
• A simple or construction pencil for marking.

Mounting technology

Before starting work, it is necessary to choose a suitable place for placing the device. Installation of an electromagnetic lock on a door can be performed both horizontally and vertically. The main condition is the observance of the indent from the door hinges.

To determine the location of the response plate, an overlay is made on the door leaf of the main part of the device. After that, the stencil of the response plate is glued. To fix the part itself, it is necessary to mark the location of the fasteners. Pins are needed in this case to securely fix the counterpart.

Before drilling holes, make sure that the installed drill has the same diameter as the hole according to the stencil. After preparing the holes, the plate is screwed to the canvas with washers. For a high-quality fit of the product, 2 washers are screwed onto each of the screws: steel washers on the side of the door jamb, and rubber washers are screwed on top of it. This fastening system allows the contact system to sway a little, which ensures high density core attachment.

To determine the exact location of the corner, the mechanism is again applied by the main part to the anchor element. Using a hexagon, the plate is shifted to the required plane. To check the correct location of all components, it is necessary to loosen the fixing bolt. Thus, the counter plate is released. One of the most important features that ensures the correct functioning of the product is the placement of the plate parallel to the base.

Installation options

The principle of installation of the product depends on the type door structure. Based on these features, there are several ways to mount the product.

Installation is carried out on the upper inner part of the jamb with the core placed to the canvas. The contact element is opposite. Additional fasteners are not required. AT glass door the lock is mounted with contacts inside. A Z-shaped angle is used instead of a steel plate. In this case, the canvas opens into the room.

For mounting on a narrow jamb, overlays in the form of corners are used. After such an expansion, the installation is carried out with the placement of the core to the canvas on the inside of the jamb. If it is necessary to unlock the door in the direction of the lock location, the contact pad, like the plate, is fastened with the help of corner plates in a horizontal upper position.

Power connection

The final stage of installation is the connection of the electrical part. This procedure is quite simple due to the presence of markup. So, the wires with the “+” sign are connected to the terminal with the corresponding designation. The wires marked with a "-" sign are connected through the relay. To connect the elements, it is recommended to use a two-core wire with a cross-sectional thickness of 0.5 mm.

The installation instructions that come with the products always note that the functioning of the lock is directly dependent on the supply of voltage to the relay. Before starting installation to ensure quality work product, it is recommended to purchase a closer device and a backup power source in the form of a UPS unit.

Product advantages

One of the main advantages of the mechanism is the absence of systematic direct contact of parts with each other. Due to this, there is no breakage as a result of abrasion of the elements.

During use, depending on the maximum holding force of the mechanism, the power consumed by the lock is from 5 to 15 W, which is less than the power energy saving light bulb. Thus, the device is very economical.

Currently, there is a universal electromagnetic door lock on sale that can work without the use of electrical energy. Its opening is made mechanically and, at the same time, it is possible to unlock the device when voltage is applied to the product. Thanks to this feature, it becomes possible to open the door in the absence of power supply.

Optional equipment

When using any of the installation methods for electromagnetic locks, it is possible to equip the structure with an additional functional unit in the form of a video intercom. The scheme for installing and connecting the lock device remains unchanged and may have several variations. However, for video communication, it is preferable to mount the product on the upper inner part of the door jamb.

For the manufacture of individual electronic keys for the lock, a special controller is used with program encoding for the main master key. Such a system is justified when installing an electromagnetic lock at the entrance to office space or entrance.

Equipping your home, each owner achieves not only beauty, but also reliability. First of all, we are talking about castles. They are enough a large number of, different in price, features and characteristics. Separate place among them is an electromagnetic lock.

Device

The design of this element is simple. The basis is the core in the winding. It is located in a special building. The core is made from sheets this material due to the low magnetization effect. And to reduce residual stress, it is enough to apply a special paint and varnish composition.

Most often, the design consists of small plates that are welded together and form the letter "Sh". The winding is a coil with numerous turns of enameled copper wire. The body is steel or aluminium. The use of plastic is allowed, but this reduces the durability of the structure and its reliability.

Principle of operation

The mechanism begins to function when the magnetic elements are activated. This happens when voltage is applied to the case and winding through the core. Only 5 W of voltage is enough to interlock doors weighing up to 150 kg.

Turning the lock on and off forms an oscillatory circuit with an alternating current acting on it. Charging is carried out by means of a capacitor through the winding, as a result of which the magnetic polarity changes. The residual current goes to remagnetization. It happens that the capacitor fails. Then the door opens with considerable effort. This can only be eliminated by replacing the part, while installing it in parallel with the terminals.

Kinds

There are electromagnetic locks by type:

• Retaining.
• Shear.

In the shear device, the magnet is fixed by the lock tongue, therefore, such structures are subject to insertion into the door or gate.

In the holding version, the magnet holds the leaves that open. It is allowed to install several such elements around the entire perimeter of the opening.

Mounting tools

Installing an electromagnetic lock is a simple matter, so it can also be done on your own. To do this, you will need the following tools:

• Pencil to make the necessary marks for installation.
• Drill. If a mortise structure is being installed, then holes for mounting bolts must be drilled under it.
• Screwdriver or screwdriver.
• Hammer and chisel.
• Building level and tape measure.

Beginning of installation

Installation of an electromagnetic lock on the door begins with markings at the installation site. It can be both horizontal and vertical. The main thing is to observe the condition of indentation from the door hinges. You can determine the place for the counter plate by applying the main device to the canvas. Next is her stencil. Then the fastener details are marked.

After that, drilling holes is performed, after checking the diameter of the drill. The plate is fixed with washers. Two nuts are screwed onto the screws: on the side where doorjamb- first steel, and then rubber. This will allow the structure to oscillate unhindered while still ensuring a good fit of the core.

You can determine the location of the corner of the plate by applying the main part of the lock. Next, the plate is shifted in the desired direction using a hexagon. At the same time, the fixing bolt is loosened in order to check whether the installation of the door electromagnetic lock has been carried out correctly. A prerequisite proper functioning of the locking element is parallel installation plates to the base.

Types of installation

Do-it-yourself installation of an electromagnetic lock depends on the type of door:

• Installation is carried out on top of the inner part of the jamb, while the core is placed in the center. The second element is placed on opposite side. Additional fasteners are not required.
• In a glass-type door, installation is carried out by internal organization contacts, and a corner is used instead of a steel plate. The door opens into the room.
• An electromagnetic lock, which is installed on a door with a narrow jamb, is additionally supplied with corners. They help expand the installation area.
• When it is necessary for the door to open towards the lock, its contact pad and plate are fixed in a vertical position with the help of corners.

Further installation

After the marking lines of the future castle are outlined, holes are drilled.

Next, at the installation site, you need to make a niche. This is done with the help of milk and a chisel. The installation of an electromagnetic lock on a metal door is carried out at the stage of manufacturing the door itself. But if this happens during its operation, then part of the skin is removed to make a niche.

The lock case is installed in the niche, after which it is fixed. The response bar is set according to the same principle.

Optional equipment

The electromagnetic main elements of which are completed, require installation. They can be a controller, an input button or a power supply. These elements are installed indoors, but the reader is mounted outside. Additional devices are attached to the wall adjacent to the door, but not to its leaf.

For self-fastening of these elements you need:

• make a markup in the selected place;
• make holes for fasteners;
• to install and fix devices.

Connection

Connecting an electromagnetic lock, which was installed independently, is also easy. To do this, you need a circuit that is attached to the lock kit, and minimal skills in working with electricity.

The main element in the operation of the lock is the controller. All other components are connected to it. The connection must be made insulated wires twin-core type with a cross section of at least 0.5 mm. So that the wires do not spoil the interior, they can be hidden in the wall or in a special box.

Video intercom connection

The video intercom is connected to the lock, like other elements, through the controller. In this case, a four-wire wire is already used. When connecting a video intercom, follow these steps:

• The communication panel located outside the room and the device must be connected. Often the communication panel and the reader are located in the same place.
• Connect the power supply from the intercom to the controller.
• Optionally connect the lock and the controller to allow the locking mechanism to be opened by the video intercom.
• Connect the panel to call to the controller.

Lock control options

All control of the electromagnetic lock is carried out using the controller.

That, in turn, has the following functions:

• transmission of a signal to open the lock;
• power supply to fix the locking mechanism;
• key coding.

All keys must be configured before using the lock. This is done as follows:

• When connecting for the first time, the key that comes with the kit is brought to the controller.
• The controller must be put into recording mode by means of a jumper.
• After that, the remaining keys are brought to the reader and programmed.
• The controller must be put into operation mode.

When all the keys are prepared, the lock will automatically lock, and you can open it with one of the sets of ready-made keys.

Gate lock

Installation of an electromagnetic lock on the gate can be carried out independently. This will require the same set of tools as for mounting on the door. The sequence of actions is as follows:

• Holes of a smaller diameter than self-tapping screws are drilled in the metal frame of the gate.
• The lock is fastened with self-tapping screws.
• The reciprocal level is fixed on the gate leaf.
• The wires from the reader are passed along the far body of the gate, while fixing the device on the fence or gate leaf.
• The controller is installed at a convenient distance and in a place so that it is convenient to read keys from it in the future.
• An opening button is installed on the inside of the gate.

After these manipulations, it is necessary to connect the electromagnetic lock, which was installed on the fence gate.

The wires are connected to the reader and terminals. Throughout the entire wiring, it must be covered in a special plastic tray that will protect it from moisture and other weather conditions. After successful programming, you can begin to operate.

So, we figured out how to install an electromagnetic lock with our own hands.

A relatively new unit that restricts access by unauthorized persons to private territory, be it flat or fenced land plot, is an electromagnetic lock (EML). The principle of its operation is to use a powerful electromagnet that keeps the door closed as long as current flows through its winding. It is possible to control such a locking device from any distance, as well as full automation of opening and closing access to an object.

Positive qualities of EMZ

This equipment has significant differences from traditional mechanical units:

• small size of the device;
• trouble-free operation;
• resistance to aggressive influence of environmental factors;
• lack of rubbing parts, which significantly increases the durability of the equipment. This is especially felt in cases where an electromagnetic lock is installed on the front door, through which a significant number of people pass every day;
• do not give in to attempts to open them with the help of master keys;
• ensure safety during fires, as they open automatically when there is a power outage, allowing people to leave all premises;
• doors on which an electromagnetic lock has been installed cannot be opened by an intruder without the use of special powerful technical means, because it is able to withstand forces up to several hundred kilograms.

Main technical parameters

An electromagnetic door lock has several important characteristics that you need to know about before purchasing it. We are talking about the holding force of the door and the residual magnetization.

Door holding force

Any unit of this kind has a sufficiently large mechanical load on separation, measured in kilograms. It usually varies from 100 to 1000 kg or more. The products of almost all manufacturers have a step between individual models of 50 - 100 kg.

remanence

Sometimes it happens that even a door with a disabled lock can be difficult to open. This happens for the reason that the residual magnetization of the electromagnetic lock installed on it is too high due to a violation by the manufacturer of the technology or incorrect selection of parameters. magnetic material. Fine this indicator should not exceed 1.5-2 kilograms.

Installation of electromagnetic locks on the door

Installation of this equipment is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions included in the delivery. It's usually done like this:

• in the place where the counterpart of the lock will be installed on the door, a stencil is glued;
• a hole with a diameter of 16 mm is drilled from the outside of the door leaf, as described in the instructions, as well as a pair of shallow holes with a diameter of 8 mm from its inside. They will be needed in order to fix the reciprocal bar;
• the counterpart is fastened with a bolt installed outside the door, having a semicircular head. On the inside a rubber gasket is placed, and the counterpart is already installed on it;
• the nut is fixed with a hex key;
• the electromagnetic lock on the gate or front door has a fixing plate in its kit. It should be fixed in the area of ​​the upper corner of the box, using the self-tapping screws included in the delivery;
• the lock itself should be attached to the mounting plate and fixed with two screws located in its lower part, using a hex key for this;
• the scheme for connecting the electromagnetic lock to the power supply is as follows: the positive electrode is connected to the red wire, and the negative electrode to the black one.

ATTENTION! When installing an electromagnetic lock on the door with your own hands, you should not overtighten the nut on the reciprocal plate, it should still be able to spring a little due to the rubber gasket, thereby ensuring the tightest contact with the magnet!

The use of EMZ in a single scheme with an intercom

An electromagnetic lock on the gate, where an intercom is not included in the set, can work with this device in a single circuit, which you can assemble yourself. The calling panel is mounted on the street side entrance doors. The connection scheme for an intercom with an electromagnetic lock involves receiving power and transmitting a video / audio signal over the same combined cable.

The video intercom monitor is installed indoors, and it is powered from a 220 V network. An electromagnetic mortise or surface lock is mounted on a gate made of either wood or metal. Its power is provided by controlled contacts, which are located on the calling panel. The EMZ's own power supply is located indoors and takes energy from a household electrical network with a voltage of 220 V. A cable with a half-square cross section is run from it to the EMZ if the distance does not exceed a couple of tens of meters, or one and a half squares if it is more.

Wiring diagram for a video intercom with an electromagnetic lock:

EMZ on a metal entrance door

Without exception, all such devices, regardless of where they will be installed, have general principle action and structure. The only difference between electromagnetic locks for metal doors is their high power. Given the strength of the door leaf, it makes sense to use in this case models with a door holding force of 500 kg or more.

EMZ equipped with a controller

Stand-alone controllers are used in conjunction with EMZ to restrict access to residential apartment buildings, administrative offices and industrial facilities. An electromagnetic lock with a controller can be used in a single system with the following equipment:

• contact and contactless key readers;
• normally open buttons for opening locks;
• external LEDs and buzzers;
• open door sensors;
• an input inversion jumper, which allows opening the doors both by applying and removing voltage.

Also, EMZ, equipped with a controller, is compatible with a PC that maintains a database of keys, and also performs their prompt change, both unloading and loading.

Selected EMZ models

There is a very large number of different models of this equipment, here are some of them that are popular in the market of our country, with a brief list of their characteristic features.

ML400

The ML400 electromagnetic lock is used to lock entrance doors with a leaf thickness of 30 - 50 mm. Its installation is carried out on the inner surface of an outward-opening door equipped with a door closer. The holding force of the unit is 400 kg, power is supplied to it under a voltage of 9 - 15 V, while the power consumption does not exceed 7.2 W. Unlocking occurs when the current is turned off.

Miniature ML-180K, electromagnetic lock, mainly used on interior doors and cabinets of institutions and offices. It has a holding force of 180 kg, powered by a 12 V source, while consuming no more than 0.4 A of current. An important feature of this model is that its residual magnetization is zero.

Electromagnetic universal shift lock AL-400SH has a holding force of 400 kg, is powered by 12 or 24 V, while consuming 0.9 A of current. The equipment is installed discreetly, equipped with a reed switch, as well as a sensor that controls the door lock. It is possible to output data about the state of the door to the security console.