The most popular do-it-yourself nozzles for the engraver. Do-it-yourself drill at home

Or an ordinary drill, it is only used for small parts and blanks. The engraver can perform grinding, drilling, as well as milling, engraving, etc. The range of processed parts is quite wide, ranging from wood to glass and steel. It is easy to guess that a wide variety of nozzles for the engraver are used to perform work of varying complexity and purpose. We will consider them in this article.

Some general information

Almost any instrument boasts large quantity nozzles. They are made of various materials, have working bodies of different shapes, hardness and much more. But any drill or grinder can envy the engraver, because there are countless nozzles for him. On sale you can find both small kits consisting of several elements, and professional kits that have absolutely everything for successful engraving. But before we move on to considering the nozzles, I would like to note that not all of them are suitable for the engraver of a particular company. For example, many companies produce collets that fit only branded nozzles. That is why it is advisable to get a set of collets that are needed to clamp the nozzles. Well, after that you can proceed to the choice.

About diamond cutters

Diamond engraver bits are very popular. This is due high strength products. Such a nozzle can process strong mineral rocks and metals with high hardness. However, the cost of diamond cutters is quite high. They are usually sold in a small set of 10-20 pieces. All of them are used exclusively for finishing curly holes. But it is worth noting that the cone is made of tool steel, and diamond coating is applied on top of it. That is why, if you do not follow the rules of operation and use nozzles for other purposes, you risk damaging the coating, which will make the nozzle useless to some extent. As a rule, we are talking about technical diamonds, so a set will cost about 200-300 rubles. Standard shank diameter is 3 mm.

Abrasive nozzles

Often on sale you can find a set of nozzles for an engraver made of rubber and corundum. Often such products are used for metal processing, in particular of stainless steel. The price of the set is 200 rubles, the shank has a diameter of 2.3 mm. The set consists of six nozzles with different shapes. Very popular abrasive cutters company "Fit". They are available in red and green colors, which actually serves as a marking. Red ones are used for processing metal products, and they are made of aluminum oxide. Green is used for engraving marble, glass and tiles. They are made from silicon carbide. Regardless of the color, the cutters have a shank of the same diameter, but the shapes of the nozzles are different, which allows them to be used more widely. In general, this set of nozzles for the engraver is suitable for domestic use, professionals need more advanced options.

Felt cutters and polishing paste for them

Often the engraver is used for grinding. Felt nozzles are excellent for such work. True, the material with which they can work is limited, but that is not the point. Usually a felt cutter works in tandem with which is also different. For example, for metal products, a paste of paraffin and polishing powder is used. This is the most cheap option- 40 rubles.

Wood engravers also exist. The same applies to materials such as glass. If it is necessary to remove scratches from the surface, and make the tree smoother, take diamond paste. Usually it is sold in a wide range, but it is best to give preference to 3/2 and 5/3 grit paste. The price of one jar is 70-100 rubles, depending on the manufacturer. By the way, an excellent company that produces high-quality paste is Superbrasive LLC.

Electric engraver: nozzles for professionals

If a professional works with an electric engraver, then most often he carries with him a special, relatively small suitcase. It has nozzles of any shape and material. Such a tool emphasizes the professionalism of the master and his great experience. The fact is that often when working with one material, different forms of nozzles are needed. Some of them are impossible to buy by the piece. Of course, there is such an option - to make it yourself, but this is only advisable if the work is done for yourself. Otherwise, it is better to purchase a professional set. There you can find felt, diamond, abrasive, as well as wire cutters, which are used to remove paint and rust from metal coatings. For example, it is quite difficult to find cutting discs for an engraver, but they are in the set. The same applies to a wide variety of cutters. Such a set will cost a lot, about 600-700 rubles (depending on the manufacturer). However, such an assortment allows the master to perform work of any level of complexity with any material.

Engraver Dexter 3 with attachments

The engraver from this manufacturer is quite well-known. In most cases, such equipment is preferred by professionals. This is due to several factors. The main one is the cost of the engraver. The second factor is the price of nozzles. It would seem that you can still spend money on an engraver, because you buy it once, but the high cost of nozzles is already too much. As a rule, we are talking about 300 rubles and more per piece. This is very, very much. And even many experts focus on this. Nevertheless, Dexter engravers are of very high quality and many consumers in their reviews recommend buying them not only for professionals, but also for amateurs. As for the nozzles, you can’t say the same about them.

Is it possible to buy Chinese nozzles?

But this question is really of interest to many. Someone will definitely say that Chinese products are no good and you don’t even need to look in that direction. To some extent, this is a correct statement. But there is one but. Kits from China are really cheap. Usually 5 or 7 times cheaper than the original cutters. Of course, if a professional is sitting behind the engraver, then there is no difference. Chinese fakes break much more often than original products, so the price will be the same. But if you are a beginner and still do not know where and how to use this or that cutter, then you better choose Chinese products. Firstly, you will be able to get a precious first experience, and secondly, it will be relatively cheap. Of course, you must understand that you can’t count on any strength and durability, but for starters, this is quite a tolerable material. In addition, Chinese products are sold in a wide range, which will allow you to choose nozzles for every taste with the required shank diameter.

Nozzles of the Zubr company

We have already figured out that Chinese cutters are more suitable for beginners. If you are already a more advanced user, then you will probably like the Zubr cutters. This domestic manufacturer offers very a good choice at a relatively affordable price. For example, a set for engraving machines, consisting of 180 items, will cost only 1000 rubles. If in this case we talk about the piece cost of the cutter, then we get a ridiculous amount. In the set you can find nozzles of various grain sizes, for grinding, engraving and cutting work. The shape of the nozzles is also different. In addition, the attachments for the Zubr engraver are supplied in a convenient plastic case, which simplifies transportation and storage. All in all, it's easy perfect solution to perform work of any level of complexity. Cheap and cheerful, there is no other way to say it.

Only for professionals

If you are a professional engraver, Dremel cutters are the best choice for you. Of course, these are very expensive products. One nozzle usually costs 400 rubles or more. Nevertheless, it is able to replace 10 Chinese counterparts. It is possible to note both high accuracy and quality of work, as well as "cleanliness". Although all these parameters largely depend on the master, the tool also plays a role. In this case, the master can be sure that a sudden disk rupture will not occur during operation, which often happens with fakes. In addition, Dremel-made discs and cutters wear out much more slowly, so they are used by professionals. In general, the nozzles of the Dremel company, as well as the Dexter, are good, but the price makes you think. Therefore, they can be advised only to people who are engaged in engraving professionally.

About homemade cutters

Recently, homemade nozzles are increasingly being made. The advantage of this solution is that it is relatively cheap. But, as practice shows, many people make cutters themselves not because of the price. It is usually a matter of durability, especially when it comes to low and medium quality tips. For example, all nozzles on a rubber drum break very quickly, so home craftsmen make them from plywood. Such a cone is more durable and practical. Again, homemade engraver attachments are unlikely to suit a professional, but for engraving at home, this is one of best solutions. In conclusion, I would like to say that you should not forget about personal protective equipment. The fact is that a large amount of fine dust is formed during operation, so it is necessary to protect Airways and eyes. Suitable goggles and a respirator.

The engraver in its functionality is very similar to a conventional drill or grinder, but its main purpose is to process parts that are miniature in size. Using such equipment and special working attachments for the engraver, you can effectively perform various technological operations, including drilling, milling, grinding, engraving, etc.

The list of materials that can be processed with an engraver is also quite extensive. This is soft and malleable wood, hard steel, fragile glass or ceramics, different kinds plastic and even bone. Naturally, for processing various materials with an engraver, different working nozzles are used, which differ from each other both in design and in the material of manufacture.

What are Engraver Attachments?

Working nozzles or tools used to work with an engraver are presented on the modern market in a wide variety. Their design includes two main elements:

• a shank with which the tool is fixed in the chuck of the equipment used;
• the working part, which performs the main functions, interacting with the processed material.

The choice of working nozzles for the engraver is influenced by the following factors: the characteristics of the material being processed and the list of technological tasks that need to be performed. Those of the home craftsmen and professionals who work with the engraving machine on a regular basis try to immediately purchase a set of nozzles for the engraver, which includes tools of various sizes and purposes. Depending on the needs and financial capabilities of a particular engraver, this can be a more modest set that includes several dozen necessary tools, or a professional set that includes attachments for performing various works metal, wood and other materials.

When choosing working tools for an engraver, it should be borne in mind that collet chucks suitable for nozzles of only a certain type can be installed on its individual models. trademark. To use such equipment in a set with any type of nozzles, you will have to purchase universal collets for the engraver, which are also sold in whole sets.

Diamond burs for engraving work

The most popular types of working attachments used to complete engraving machines are diamond engraver burs. The basis of such a tool is made of tool steel, and diamond powder is applied only to their working part. Mechanical characteristics diamond powder make it possible to successfully use the nozzle for processing such hard materials like steel, ceramics, glass, artificial and natural stones.

Diamond burs (or cutters) are used primarily for finishing curly holes. As a rule, diamond consumables for an engraver are sold in whole sets of 10–20 tools of various shapes and sizes. When working with them, you should strictly follow the rules for their operation, so as not to damage the diamond coating. The standard shank diameter of diamond type engraving bits is 3mm.

Tools made of abrasive materials

Most budget option for use in conjunction with a drill or engraver are nozzles, the working part of which is made of rubber and abrasive material. Their shank diameter is 2.3 mm, and they are used mainly for metal work, including stainless steel. Abrasive tools, as a rule, are sold in sets of 6 pieces and have a different configuration of the working part.

Some manufacturers (in particular, the Fit company) produce abrasive engraving nozzles in various colors, which allows the user to easily determine the category of the tool. So, red abrasive cutters, designed for metal work, are made of aluminum oxide, and green ones, made of silicon carbide, are used for processing stone, glass and ceramic products. For the convenience of performing various technological operations, diamond cutters are made with different form working part, but their shanks always have the same diameter.

With the help of abrasive nozzles for the engraver, operations such as boring holes, surface grinding, etc. are performed. These nozzles are optimally suited for use at home, for a professional their capabilities will not be enough.

Working attachments for grinding and polishing

The engraving machine, as mentioned above, can be successfully used for fine grinding and polishing of products from various materials. A cutter made of felt is used as a working nozzle for performing such technological operations. Since felt does not have outstanding abrasive qualities, such a tool is used only together with special polishing pastes.

The choice of polishing pastes of a certain type, which are seriously different from each other in their characteristics and chemical composition, depends primarily on the properties of the material to be processed with their help. So, grinding of hard metal surfaces is carried out using pastes, which are based on paraffin and polishing powder. For work on wood and glass, special polishing pastes based on diamond powder of various fractions are intended. With their help, you can not only effectively remove scratches from the surface of wood and glass, but also bring the product to a perfectly smooth state. Experts recommend giving preference to those in which the diamond powder has a fraction size of 3/2 and 5/3.

Accessories such as felt grinding tips for working on wood, metal, glass and other materials are successfully used not only in conjunction with a specialized engraving machine: they can be equipped with a dental drill and simple hand-held devices.

Working attachments for professional engravers

A separate category of working nozzles that engravers are equipped with are tools of the professional series. Specialists for whom work on an engraving machine is the main activity, as a rule, have at their disposal a whole set of various nozzles that differ from each other in the material of manufacture, design and shape of the working part. If we talk about the most typical composition of such a set, then it must include:

• cutters for the engraver of various shapes, sizes and designs;
• drills that turn the engraving machine into an efficient drill;
• diamond, abrasive and felt cutters;
• wire nozzles, with the help of which the treated surfaces are cleaned from traces of corrosion and other contaminants;
• cutting discs for the engraver, which are quite difficult to purchase individually.

The fact that a specialist using an engraver in his professional activity has such a capacious set of tools is very simple to explain. Often, only a milling cutter, a cutting disc for an engraver and other tools of the same size can not perform high-quality and accurate study of the smallest details on the surface of the workpiece. That is why even within the framework of processing one product, tools often have to be changed, choosing nozzles suitable for performing a particular technological operation.

In addition, if a specialist has a set of tools, which contains drills, milling cutters, cutting wheels for engravers and cutters of many other types, it is an indicator of professionalism and indicates that you are an experienced person who knows his business well. Masters who constantly work with engraving devices choose expensive sets of professional series tools also for the reason that it is rather difficult to purchase individual tools from such sets (in particular, a cutting wheel for an engraver).

Brief overview of brands

Today, finding engravers and working attachments for their equipment on the domestic market does not present any problems. At the same time, the variety of equipment and tools presented in the free sale allows you to choose them according to your needs and financial capabilities.

Those craftsmen who are engaged in engraving on wood, metal and other materials at a professional level and already have the appropriate equipment at their disposal should pay attention to working nozzles manufactured under the Dremel and Dexter trademarks. The high cost of such equipment for the engraver is fully justified by its exceptional reliability and durability. Another important advantage that distinguishes a milling cutter, a cutting wheel, a drill, as well as any other tool of these brands, is high processing accuracy.

Having opted for Dremel or Dexter working nozzles, keep in mind that one such tool can last as long as 10 Chinese-made nozzles. In favor of purchasing quite expensive, but high-quality products from well-known manufacturers, the fact that in the assortment of these companies you can find nozzles for various purposes and sizes. Yes, it could be various cutters for a drill or engraver, drills of different diameters, disc tools, as well as cutters of any other type, designed to work on wood, metal, ceramics, glass.

Cheap, but decent quality nozzles are offered by a domestic manufacturer - the Zubr company. For affordable prices, you can purchase sets of nozzles that include up to 180 tools of the most popular types, designs, sizes and shapes. These kits contain tools for drilling, cutting discs for a drill or engraver, milling bits, cutters of diamond and abrasive type, and much more.

All nozzles included in the set of the Zubr trademark are placed in a plastic case, which provides convenience for both storage and transportation to the place of work.

"Dremel" (engraver, drill, mini-drill etc.) now - a common noun.
Dremel is the name of a group of straight grinders designed for polishing, milling, drilling products (parts) from various materials and surface treatment.

It is desirable that the tool be equipped with a speed control system. The digital display does not interfere at all, which allows you to visually control the speed. The ability to directly switch on the maximum speed increases the convenience of using the machine, eliminating the need for unnecessary operations. The flexible drive shaft guarantees comfortable and precise work in hard-to-reach places. The machine comes with nozzles selected for basic operations - grinding, polishing, milling, cutting, drilling.

I will briefly try to tell you about these nozzles (which are included in the kit and which are made from improvised materials) in this review.

Let's start from afar - with elementary safety rules when working with a dremel :)

The first thing I would strongly recommend to you is to use safety goggles and protective mask-petal. A medical bandage and even any flap of more or less dense tissue is quite suitable for this purpose. The mask will protect the respiratory tract from the inevitable ingress of dust. Take my word for it, if you don’t put on a mask, then by the end of working with a dremel, a decent amount of frayed copper or plastic can be shaken out of your nose.

Glasses are necessary to protect the eyes from the same plastic dust and from metal fragments / balls flying into different sides when grinding, for example, copper dendrites. I do not advise you to use glass glasses to protect your eyes. Glass can break, damaging the gas, or scratched by flying fragments. Do not save on glasses, get plastic ones made specifically for eye protection.
Further warnings will be issued in small portions as needed :)

So nozzles.

Collets.
Drills, interchangeable nozzles for engraving, cutting, grinding and polishing are inserted and clamped into them:

Collets, most often, come complete with a dremel and differ from each other in the diameter of the hole for nozzles and drills.

Drill.
To drill holes of various diameters, it is necessary to have several different-sized drills on hand. And the larger the assortment, the better :) Drills become dull and break, especially thin ones (0.5, 07, 1 mm). The diameter of the hole usually corresponds exactly to, or better if it is slightly larger than, the diameter of the cord, pin, wire, chain or other type of stringing material on which the bead or other decorative element will be fixed later. In this photo - reduced with a cross-sectional diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm:

* The workpiece must be held very firmly by hand so that it cannot break free and fly off. Such a flight is uncontrollable at all, and the speed is colossal. The speed of rotation of the shaft in modern mini-grinders is from 9 thousand revolutions to 35 thousand. A bead that has escaped from the hands is quite capable, for example, of breaking flower pot standing on the window, or a vase at the other end of the room, or, much worse, hit in the face if you still ... neglected the advice to protect him.

Never touch the rotating parts of the dremel (bits, drills, discs, collets) with your hands - you can seriously injure yourself.

As the hole is drilled, it will not be superfluous to make reciprocating movements with the drill in the bead. This allows the drilled plastic to free up the channel for further drilling. Otherwise, the bead runs the risk of cracking.

If during the drilling process the drill is "stuck" in the plastic, then it is better not to try to pull it out or drag it further along the hole. Switch off the dremel immediately and carefully remove the drill bit.

Be careful when processing metal parts, you can burn your hand. The metal heats up quickly and strongly. Take breaks for at least a couple of seconds to keep the part from overheating.

Metal brushes:

They are intended for processing metal surfaces. They differ in shape, density of bristles and stiffness, in the end. V this case we have steel, hard, brushes and brass, soft. The shape of the brushes are flat disc-shaped, as in top photo, and there are also cystic forms:

The choice of brush is determined by what surfaces are supposed to be processed - flat parts or textured surfaces, with a durable coating or with a thin, foil-like finish.

This photo shows plastic brushes:

These are soft brushes for gentle cleaning of metal surfaces in hard-to-reach areas. They are also suitable for more accurate grinding of surfaces with a thin, weak coating (copper, for example).

* All of the listed brushes (metal and plastic) are not suitable for grinding plastic - they are too hard for this.

Grinding stones.
This photo shows nozzles for grinding and polishing surfaces made of metal and plastic.

In the upper row (gray and orange) are coarse stone nozzles. They are suitable only for grinding serious roughness and are not suitable for fine work and plastic work

Homemade flat nozzle for grinding.
This series of photographs shows a homemade nozzle designed for sanding flat surfaces. I made such a nozzle on the basis of the stone that came with the dremel, with a smooth flat surface (in the upper row on the left - gray-green):

In construction stores, circles are sold - "pancakes" with Velcro, for fixing hefty (15-16 centimeters) sanding discs from emery:

These "pancakes" on the reverse, smooth side, have a sticky layer. We cut out a circle from such a pancake, with a diameter of a stone round flat nozzle (photo above), peel off protective layer, glue this circle to the grinding stone - and we get a nozzle for replaceable emery discs.

* You can use ordinary Velcro, sold in any sewing store, by planting it on the surface of the nozzle stone with ordinary second glue.

Now about the removable disks themselves.
In the same hardware stores :), replaceable emery discs are also sold. The diameter of the discs is the same as that of the “sticky” one - about 15-16 cm. On the one hand, they are ordinary emery (with varying degrees of graininess, by numbers), and on the other, a counterpart for Velcro.

So, from these discs we cut many, many small circles (the diameter should be equal to the diameter of the Velcro or a millimeter more, but not less!) And, as necessary - salting, we replace these home-made self-cut emery discs with new ones:

Another view homemade nozzle for grinding and polishing round/oval beads.

In this photo - rivets:

These rivets are designed to be riveted with a special gun. The diameters of the technological "tails" of these rivets are different - it depends on the size of the rivet itself. I have it selected in such a way that it exactly matches the diameter of the toothpick on which the bead was baked.

An emery sponge or the most ordinary emery of the desired grain size can serve as a tool for grinding.

In this case, an emery sponge is taken as an example (photo on the left). This is a soft material that does not allow the bead to be worn too much when processed in this way.

A bead is put on the long "tail" of the rivet. The tail of the rivet is inserted into the collet of the corresponding diameter, the collet is fixed. Now you can turn on the dremel and grind the bead, as shown in this photo:

* A rivet with a "tail" is just an example of the fact that you can always find something at hand that easily adapts to the tool. The rivet in the description can be easily replaced with an ordinary nail of the required diameter, fixed in the collet so that the cap holds the bead, and the sharp part goes into the collet.

Nozzle base.

Such a nozzle is necessary for fixing coarse grinding discs-stones, cutting discs, soft polishing discs and felt nozzles with a through hole, as well as all kinds of home-made nozzles on its rod:


Next - several types of nozzles, used much less often, but still necessary.

Felt polishing cones and discs.
They are used for finishing surfaces made of plastic and metal, but due to the fact that at high speeds such nozzles "dust" mercilessly - there is absolutely no reason to use them.

In the image and likeness of them, it is quite possible to make home-made fabric ones that will last much longer than finished felt ones and litter the room much less with flying fibers.

Nozzles for engraving.

With the help of such nozzles on the surface of plastic and metal, you can apply a drawing, an inscription, make indentations, grooves, notches, etc.:

* In medical equipment stores, almost always, you can buy diamond burs. Their range is very wide. The service life of such burs is quite long, and the accuracy of the work performed with their help is an order of magnitude higher than the standard engraving heads that make up Dremel.

Now about how you can get out of the situation if there is no dremel, and its purchase is not yet foreseen, and there is no strength to manually grind / polish ...

budget manicure set can serve for several months as a low-powered grinder. There are usually several nozzles in this kit. In this set I got: a pair of grinding heads, a pumice stone and a flat felt nozzle.

Grinding heads (with metal cones of different diameters) and a flat metal one can be used without design changes, but we modify the felt nozzle in a barbaric way :) interchangeable discs. This is what we have after manipulations with the manufacture of Velcro-emery:

With such a device, you can easily (but not very quickly) grind flat plastic surfaces, metal, wire, etc., which does not require high speed for high-quality surface treatment:

These are the pies.

Thanks for making it :)

Bormashinka - a device designed for creativity and needlework related to carving, grinding. This machine is essential for drilling holes, carving plexiglass, wood, metal, sanding various surfaces, making engravings. Most often, all kinds of accessories for a drill are included with the device: drills, cutting wheels, polishing discs, felt, brushes, cutters. However, it is better to choose nozzles for beginners on their own in order to use them as comfortably as possible.

Bormashinka - a device designed for creativity and needlework

A drill can have several more names: a miniature drill, an engraver. Most often, such devices are multifunctional, as they are supplemented huge amount various nozzles.

When buying a wood carving machine, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics:

1. Shaft lock button and trigger must be close to each other. This arrangement will allow the artist to quickly change the type of activity without being distracted from work.
2. The average power of the device should be 180 watts.
3. The torque should be averaged in the range of 5000-35000 rpm. Many models offer the master a choice of speed. A device with a reduced torque function will be appropriate for making engravings.
4. The mass of the device should not be too large, otherwise it will be difficult to use it for a long time. The optimal weight is 400-600 grams.
5. If you want to work in a place remote from the outlet, you must select a model with a battery.

A certain degree of convenience is introduced into the device by indication of the battery charge level. This feature allows you to charge the device on time and not disrupt the deadlines. Therefore, in order to answer the question: which drill to choose, it is necessary to assess the direction of your creativity and its requirements. Based on these indicators, the device that is optimal in its functionality is selected.

Homemade drill (video)

How to make an engraver for small jobs with your own hands?

If the master does not want to purchase an expensive device, he can make an engraver for small work on his own.

Required accessories and their characteristics:

1. A flexible shaft, as well as a working nozzle, which will allow you to fix the device in its clamping mechanism. A cable can be used as a flexible shaft, activating the car's speedometer. The working nozzle is made of a textolite bar: it is turned to required dimensions, provided with a stepped hole on the inside. The diameter of the hole is selected based on the dimensions of the fixed area of ​​the cable: it must be securely fixed in it. The front nozzle area is provided with a tube, inside which is placed a freely rotating clamping chuck made of 2 halves fixed to each other with a screw. A tool having a shank diameter of 2-5 mm can be inserted into a balanced chuck.
2. Tools for processing.
3. Drive motor - any motor that operates at a voltage of 220 volts: from a tape recorder, washing machine, electric toothbrush. The best option is the engine from sewing machine, as it is equipped with a rheostat that allows you to adjust the speed characteristics of the shaft.

In the course of work, you will also need electric drill, grinder, set of locksmith tools. Do-it-yourself assembly of the device is based on the following drawings.

Drill assembly

After preparing all the structural elements, you can begin to assemble the device.

A homemade device is made according to the following instructions:

1. First of all, a simple base frame is made. Such a base will allow you to securely fix all the elements of the device. In the process of manufacturing this element, a textolite or thick plywood sheet can be used. A piece of the desired size is cut out of the material.
2. According to the layout of the elements, an electric motor is attached to the base, a bracket equipped with a clamp. The latter to do will serve as the basis for fixing the rear tip of the flexible shaft.
3. Pulleys removed from unnecessary household appliances are fixed to the electric motor shaft, the movable core of the flexible shaft. To perform fixation, holes are made in the flange area of ​​the pulleys, as well as on the shafts, necessary for placing the pins. You can make connections more reliable using epoxy resin.
4. Then the future drill is supplied with a rubber belt. This element is installed on the pulleys of a flexible shaft, an electric motor.
5. The motor is connected to the power supply.
6. The working nozzle is fixed on the front end of the flexible shaft.

In order to work with the tool safely, a plywood casing is required for the electric motor and belt feed. Before starting work, it is necessary to test the serviceability of the manufactured device.

Principle, features of work

A hand-made engraver resembles a drill or a grinding machine. However, its main purpose is the processing of small parts. Homemade manual engraver allows you to do the following:

• drill;
• to mill;
• grind;
• engrave.

For processing, soft woods, hard steel, ceramics, glass with a high level of brittleness, plastic, bone can be selected. In the processing process, it is required to use various nozzles that are selected for each specific material.

The machine, made according to the instructions described above, will work according to the following principle:

1. With the help of pulleys and a rubber belt, the electric motor rotation is transmitted to the flexible shaft area.
2. With a flexible shaft, it is sent to the working nozzle.
3. The working nozzle processes the fixed element.

You can make this tool in a different way. In it, it is necessary to connect the flexible shaft to the electric motor using an adapter coupling. Fixation occurs as follows: one end of the coupling is mounted on the motor shaft and secured with a pin, the movable tip of the flexible shaft is fixed in a square hole located at the other end of the coupling.

Cones, nozzles, cutters: which ones are suitable for a beginner?

The working accessories used to work with the engraver are characterized by their wide variety. To make the right choice when selecting nozzles, several factors must be considered:

• features of the processed material;
• technological tasks.

Engravers who work with the device constantly recommend purchasing a set of nozzles immediately, which includes objects of various sizes, types and purposes. At the first stage, a beginner engraver will need a small set of tools, which includes a couple of dozen elements of various types.

Diamond and abrasive burs

Most often, engraving machines are equipped with diamond burs. The main feature of this tool is that the main part of the body is made of tool steel, and its working surface is covered with a layer of diamond powder. Another name for this tool is a cutter. Diamond burs are essential for processing hard surfaces.

Most engraving machines are equipped with diamond burs.

Most often they are used when working with the following materials:

• glass;
• steel;
• ceramics;
• stones.

Most often, cutters are used for finishing curly holes. Basically, these items are sold in sets that include 10-20 tools.

A more budget option are cutters with a working surface made of rubber and abrasive material. They are used for metal work. It is necessary to use abrasive cutters for boring holes, grinding. The possibilities of these tools are optimal only for beginners.

Other nozzles

Cutters for beginners must be selected in a small size. With the help of them, the engraving will have a neater look. Most often, for beginners, sets of cutters are offered, consisting of 4-6 elements of various shapes: cylindrical, end, worm, conical, end. Large kits should be purchased only by experienced craftsmen.

Also in the process you will need a drill. This tool is necessary for cutting through the pattern. Most often it is used to make the outline of the picture and the main elements of the background.

If you need to make holes, you need to purchase a set of drills. This accessory will allow you to turn a drill into a drill. If the artist needs to regularly clean the treated surfaces from corrosion and other dirt, he needs to purchase wire nozzles.

How to make a drill with your own hands in 10 minutes (video)

A home engraving machine will allow you to make interesting engravings, as well as perform woodcarving. It is worth considering that the descriptions presented are suitable for assembling a machine for beginners. For professionals, it is necessary to choose more powerful designs that allow you to adjust the speed of torque. Also, for professional creativity, an extended set of tools is needed, each element of which will perform its function.

In terms of functionality, the use of an engraver is in many ways similar to the operation of a grinder or drill. But there is one important distinguishing feature - it is used to process miniature parts.

Thanks to the use of this device in combination with a set of nozzles for the engraver, it is possible to perform such technological operations as grinding, milling, drilling, engraving, and so on.

The main features of the nozzles

The tool is designed to finish quite a large number all kinds of materials. They can process ceramics, wood, glass and plastic products, hard steel.

To work with each of them, different nozzles with different design specifics are used.

Today, specialized companies offer wide range of various nozzles necessary for carrying out operations with this tool. Their design contains two main components:

• the working part that performs the main function when interacting with the workpiece;
• a shank that fixes this element in the equipment chuck.

When choosing this device, they pay attention to certain points: the technological goal that needs to be achieved, and the material being processed, more precisely, its characteristics.

In addition, the equipment of some models of engravers with collet chucks is taken into account. For them, nozzles of only certain brands are suitable. To use such equipment, additionally acquire universal collets.

Among the most popular types of nozzles included in the professional kits are diamond burs. The basis of such equipment is made of tool steel.

At the same time, the working part coated with diamond powder. Thanks to the latter, the device is able to quite successfully cope with the processing of steel, glass, ceramics, natural and artificial stones.

The use of diamond burs is most expedient in the event of a need for fine-tuning a figured hole. They are usually sold immediately. sets of ten to twenty pieces, differing in shape and size.

The operation of burs must be carried out in compliance with certain rules to help prevent damage to the diamond coating. Typical models are equipped with a shank with a diameter of three millimeters.

Abrasive nozzles

To the number inexpensive options This equipment includes parts consisting of rubber and abrasive material. They are used to work with metal products and stainless steel items.

Sets of abrasive nozzles usually include five or six instruments with a different shape of the working part. The shank of such a tool is 2.3 mm.

Some companies are engaged in the production of abrasive nozzles different colors , thanks to which the user can quickly understand a particular category of instrument. For example, red abrasive powders are used to work with metal. They are made from aluminum oxide.

And here are the tools painted in green color, are intended for manipulations with glass, ceramics and a stone. They are coated with silicon carbide. To ensure the convenience of implementing various technological processes, working part of abrasive nozzles produced in several types of forms.

Abrasive devices allow you to perform the following operations:

1. Grinding the surface of the part.
2. Hole boring.
3. Engraving, etc.

They are used for processing necessary materials at home. At the same time, professional craftsmen usually do not use such tools, since they do not have sufficient functional potential.

Polishing and grinding attachments

As already noted, engravers are used to grind objects made from different materials.

Typically, for this kind of work, felt nozzle, which is pre-coated with a special polishing paste that acts as an abrasive component.

Polishing discs can be used for both rough and final processing. They are also often used when needed. surface finishing having an irregular shape.

To select the most suitable paste, you must first determine the material properties of the product to be sanded. For processing a hard metal surface, for example, it is advisable to use pastes based on polishing powder and paraffin.

And for wood finishing, mixtures made from diamond dust with various fractions of grains. They allow you to very effectively get rid of scratches on glass and wooden surfaces and bring them to a perfectly smooth state. At the same time, the most recommended powders are those containing 5/3 and 3/2 diamond fractions.

Felt nozzles for grinding can be used both when processing wood, metal, glass, and for equipping drills in dental clinics or simple hand tools.

Work kits for professionals

Professional series equipment presented separate category nozzles.

Good craftsmen usually have at their disposal sets of tools that differ in design, materials of manufacture, and the shape of the working part.

In most cases, such kits consist of the following components:

• Various cutters for the engraver.
• Abrasive, diamond and felt nozzles.
• Drill, thanks to which the installation can be used as a drill.
• Cutting discs.
• Wire nozzles used to clean the surface from dirt and corrosion.

All these components of the kit allow the specialist to produce accurate and high quality workmanship even very small details. To do this, of course, quite often it is necessary to change the tools used to select the equipment option that is more suitable in a particular situation.

But the end result is worth it. The presence of a master of a large set is often evidence of his professionalism and experience.

Most popular brands

On the modern markets We offer a wide range of engraving tools. Thanks to this, you can choose exactly those tools that will meet the financial possibilities and the needs necessary in a particular case.

If we talk about professional-level equipment, the most popular and sought-after brands include " Dexter and Dremel". The products of these companies can be effectively used for processing metal, wood, glass and other materials.

Although these devices are expensive, they are quite reliable and durable in use. One nozzle of these brands can last ten times longer than its Chinese counterpart. In addition, these tools have high precision processing.

As a budget brand pay attention to the company "Zubr”, offering for a relatively small amount to buy a set that includes up to 180 units of various nozzles with various form, sizes and design features. Such sets are equipped with tools for drilling holes, milling, diamond and abrasive nozzles, cutting discs.

As regards equipment from Chinese manufacturers, then there is a very ambiguous opinion about them. Although they cost several times less than high-quality devices, however, such tools cannot boast of their reliability.

Moreover, the Chinese kits contain significantly fewer components than the branded versions. However, professionals in their field, in principle, will be able to cope with such equipment. True, you will have to change tools often.

Making nozzles with your own hands

To carry out simple engraving work at home, necessary tools can be made from improvised materials.

For example, the simplest cutter is made from a corrugated wheel from a lighter or a dowel on which the working teeth are pre-cut.

To make a grinding nozzle, it will be enough to use a wooden drum equipped with a shank with sandpaper glued to its side surface.

Most of the hand-made nozzles do a good job with the tasks assigned to them. At the same time, their costs are minimal.

Which equipment option to choose depends entirely on from the requirements and capabilities of the master, whether it is a Chinese-made tool, a home-made or a professional device.