Warm water floor with their own hands. Installation schemes of water warm floors in a private house How warm water floors are made

Whether the warm floor will be a fashion trend or an urgent need for additional housing heating - no matter. The main thing is to clearly understand that this is the responsible process and what is correct installation Warm floor.

Types of warm floors for individual housing

In Russia, everyone knows steam heating, in the transition time of the year, all sorts of electrical heaters use for heating at home. So the warm floors can work on the basis of the hydraulic system or connect to electrical networks. What kind of heating system to choose, depends on the characteristics of individual housing. Therefore, before laying a warm floor asked familiar, it is necessary to accurately find out the legal aspects and the possibility of its installation in the room.

The rules for laying warm water floors require solid preparation, and the whole design will have a significant mass. In many cases, such a hard structure is not allowed in apartment buildings. And not only due to the weak of overlaps, the thickness of the structure with water pipes and preparatory substrates and shelters can reach 15-20 cm. Such systems are possible only on the first floors multi-storey houses With a sufficient height of the premises, or in individual buildings.

Owners of apartments in high-rise buildings, especially with low ceilings, it is better to think about how to lay a warm floor film. This is the easiest version of the electric floor, well-suitable under light flooring. And under the more massive sex finish of the rooms - tile or tree, the rules for laying a warm floor recommend choosing cable or rod versions of the system.

How to lay water warm floor

An aqueous coolant, although it does not have fatal properties as electric, but can also deliver a lot of trouble with a negligence attitude towards the arrangement of the heating system. An accurate understanding of how to properly lay a warm floor of the hydraulic type, will come after drafting a detailed mounting scheme and technical calculations of the thermal node.

How to put a warm floor based on the hydraulic system

Preparation of the base for a water heating circuit, the point is not simple. If there is any coating, it must be removed to the slab overlap. Careful heat and waterproofing of the surface and alignment is carried out. The insulating materials take the penplex or something like that with a density of 40 kg / m³, the layer thickness should be 30 ÷ 150 mm. Along the walls of the room placed dampers from foamed polystyrene, they are designed to compensate for the thermal expansion of heat surfaces.

Water warm floor, installation rules:

How to decompose pipes for a warm floor

The heating system with a water coolant has a significant feature. From the heating boiler served hot water, and, having passed through the heating circuit, cools and returns back. In the installation of hydraulic structures, it is necessary to understand how to properly lay a pipe for a warm floor and at the same time avoid intersections and ensure optimal heating of the room.

In compiling pipe layout scheme, it is taken into account:

• 40 m² space limit for one thread water pipeif the room is more than this parameter, then an additional contour is constructed;
• how to properly lay a pipe for a warm floor in cold areas of the room, it can be windows or external walls.

Water pipes with different heating modes are damaged by polystyrene ribbons. This once again emphasizes the accuracy of the installation of the system developed by the project. In the absence of the necessary skills, it is better to refer to specialists.

How to put a warm floor electric

How to install a warm floor, manufactured in electric versiondepends on its design. Manufacturers produce several types of electric floors:

• cable - represents one or two-core cable;
• execution in the form of mats is the same cable of a smaller diameter, fixed on a mesh substrate from the polymer;
• rod - a set of infrared heating elements connected to the staircase design;
• film infrared - thin lavsan film with spanted heating elements.

How to put a warm floor of an electrical cable and mats

Heating cable can have one or two veins. This determines the scheme of its layout. The single-generated coolant variant is paired in such a way that both of its end joined the network. The two-core cable is joined by one end to the thermostat, and its other end is isolated.

The cable is placed in a wave-like or spiral with a distance between the turns of 7-15 cm. When calculating the cable, it is recommended to eliminate the area-busy furniture or other overall objects adjacent to the floor. The coolant is mounted on a leveled surface with a mandatory thermal insulation layer. Cable securing is better to perform the mounting ribbon.

Conclusions on the wall of cables, working and from the temperature sensor, are placed in the protective tubes and fit into the stroke, the conductors are connected directly to the thermostat or through the dispenser box. Test enabling system is carried out to determine weak points. If the proper laying of the warm floor is performed, the concrete screed is poured. Concrete is laid when the system is turned off, and in about a month, you can perform decorative finish And use the floor.

Installation of warm flooring from heating mats is performed in the same sequence. The matte layout diagram is preliminary and, if necessary, is cutting them. Instead of a screed, you can immediately lay glue and upper coating at the heating mat. Floor operation begins no earlier than 30 days.

How the warm floor of the film species is stacked

Installation of the film although it looks pretty simple, but also requires a competent approach to construction work. The base of the floor should be smooth and thoroughly projected. The film is very thin, therefore it can be broken with unscrupulous preparation of the foundation.

On a heated, smooth overlap stacked the heat-reflecting material. It is impossible to carry out work with infrared film At temperatures below 0 ° C. On the coating, the cut-out film with copper cores down, the cuts are made only by permitted lines. Separate sheets Films are connected according to electrical scheme, Power wire conclusions are connected to the thermostat. Open conductors are isolated by bitumen.

After installing the temperature sensor, the heating circuit is carried out, with a positive result of the test switching, is carried out final finish Floor surface.

Despite the seeming ease of installation of floor heating systems, carrying out work with electrical equipment requires strictly compliance with the safety and control of the manufacturing process. If there are no sufficient skills in the production of electrical and construction workThis is not at all reason to give up comfort. For a qualified flooring of a warm floor can always be referred to specialists.

Heat floor with electricity or water. Both ways are imperfect, and have pros and cons. Oh, and in this article we will talk about how to make a warm floor with the help of water and pipes, or rather how to make a water warm floor with your own hands and what is needed for this.

Principle of operation of water warm floor

The coolant is heated in two ways:

In both cases, a decrease in the coolant temperature is required: the operating parameters of the radiator system, for which these sources are created are in the range of 65-95 ° C, while for a warm floor, only 35-55 ° C is required. This range is explained by the fact that the temperature of the water heating floor, according to SNOP, cannot be above 30 ° C. Agree that at a warmer floor, it will be unlikely to be nice.

To achieve the desired temperatureThe hot heat carrier before serving in the pipe is mixed in with cooled water from the "returns". So get the desired temperature, and then, through a warm floor collector, enters the pipes.

This is all the mechanics of the operation of water underfloor, but there are some technological nuances that increase its comfort and simplifying adjustment.

Temperature adjustment

In order to be able to maintain a comfortable temperature of the warm floor, there is special adaptation - The thermostat, or as it is also called the thermostat. This device works in a pair with sensors measuring floor temperature and coolant.

Water heating Pie

Now let's talk about the structure of the floor heated: so that you know what and in what order to do with it with your own hands. Water warm floor is a multilayer design. The approximate scheme is shown in the figure.

On an even base (the height difference is not more than 1 cm per 1 m 2), thermal insulation is first. The choice of material and its thickness depends on the initial insulation of the floor and on which the room is at the bottom (if it is). The task is to achieve minimal heat leaks. Then heating will be economical (you will pay little for it, and there will be warmth in the house / apartment). Therefore, when choosing a material and its thickness, it is better to take characteristics with a reserve: in this case there will be no worse. If at the bottom of the heated room, sufficiently thermal insulation in 20-30 mm, if at the bottom of the basement, or the soil, requires a solid thickness from 50 mm and more, in nordic regions The thickness of the insulation can be from 100 to 150 mm.

Device "Pie" water warm floor

On the perimeter of the room, a damper tape is rolled or a tape heat insulation material is stacked, a foam, polystyrene foam or other leaf insulation (thickness of about 10 mm), can be used on a strip of 10 cm (thickness of about 10 mm), and a mineral wool cardboard can be used.

This measure is needed first to ensure that due to temperature expansion, there are no cracks on the perimeter of the floor, as well as to reduce heat loss through the walls and foundation.

After the pipes are laid, you can proceed to the fill. The composition uses special - with additives that increase thermal conductivity. In some cases, to increase the strength of the structure, additional protection of pipes from mechanical loads, they laid the reinforcing mesh, and only then poured the solution. The concrete layer should be such that the pipe was at least 3 cm of solution. Only with such thickness the floor will not "walk" under his feet and its temperature will not have pronounced heat / cold bands.

And there is another nuance: the fill of the warm water floor with a solution should pass when filled with pipesthat is, under pressure. Then they accept "workers" sizes and with further operation problems will not arise.

The most unpleasant moment in all this is a long duration of the screed. It should pass at least 28 days after the fill so that it will acquire its final strength. But it is possible to start further work within 7-10 days if the average daily temperature was higher than + 17 ° C.

All the time, while concrete gains strength, it is impossible to turn on the warm floor. The temperature rise will cause the appearance of cracks, which will negatively affect the thermal conductivity of the floor and its durability. So patiently wait until it dry naturally.

The beacons for filling the screed - for many floor coverings, the floor should be perfectly smooth. Please note: thermal insulation is installed around the perimeter. Its height is higher than the height of the finished floor, after the screed dry is dryly cut off with a knife. As a substrate for thermal insulation, a model with marking, such as the one that produces the company "Valtec" (Valtec)

These are only the main layers of water underfloor cake. Often, at the bottom under the heat insulation, the hydrobarrier is placed (dense polyethylene film). It will be the protection of the lower rooms in case of leakage. The heat-insulator is often recommended to lay the heat transfer coating - so that heat is not going down, and reflected up. But it should be remembered that the aluminum foil or foil materials are useless to labeled the aluminum foil: in a month or two, the foil is destroyed and turns into a duch. If we use a heat transfer coating, then metallized. It is very similar to foil, but made of other metals that feel good in cement-sandy solution over the years. As you can see, the installation of water warm floor is not easy, with large quantity components and components.

System Parameters

To make a warm water field with your own hands, you need to know a few more features and rules, without which it is impossible to do.

What to use pipes

The pipes for warm water can be used as follows:

All these types of pipes can be used both in the screed and in the flooring systems. Moreover, laying the bay of pipes without connecting inside the floor. If the lengths of one bay are not enough, you can make several contours, each of which is derived.

Pipe parameters: Diameter and Length

The length of the pipe in one contour depends on the diameter: the smaller the diameter, the smaller length can be used, but too long the contour is unprofitable. And not only because the meter of such a pipe is more expensive, but also because there is too much water in the system, and it becomes too inertial and ineffective. With any material of the pipes, it is recommended to use diameters from 16 mm to 20 mm. Such a section is enough to heat any household premises.

• When using metal-plastic pipes of 16 mm section, the maximum loop length is 100 m, but it is really better not to do more than 60-80 m.
• When using pipes of the same material, but a cross section of 20 mm, a maximum can be laid 140 m, and real - 100-120 m.

Approximately the same loops use for other materials. If it is not enough for the placement of the declared number, there are several contours, each of which is raised to the appropriate input / output of the collector.

If there are several contours, the damper ribbon is rolled not only around the perimeter of the room, but also separates the contour. And one more nuance: In order to make it easier to maintain the same temperature at several circuits, the contour is advisable to make the same length.

Pipe laying diagrams and step

Water warm floor without tie

Warm floor with a screed has several significant drawbacks:

• it has a greater height - the thickness of the water warm floor is 8-10 cm, depending on the layer of heat insulation,
• much weighs ( cement-sandy solution The thickness of the layer is at least 4-5 cm throughout the area has a solid mass);
• the screed will dry for a long time;
• has low maintainability.

All these shortcomings lead to the fact that many people are looking for options for a warm floor without a screed. Such an opportunity is this -. They do not require "wet" works, have a small weight and height, quickly mounted. Therefore often apply in homes with wooden overlaps (They can not be tie from her big weight) Or indoors with a small height of the ceilings, where to lose 10 cm on the warm floor device is unacceptable.

Flooring flooring systems are two types: polystyrene and wooden. In both cases, these are plates in which there are special grooves for laying pipes. Polystyrene plates - this is all known foam high densityin which the pumps for pipes are molded. Wooden systems are made of chipboard or OSB. Since these materials have low thermal conductivity, for an increase in heat transfer in the grooves and metal plates with similar grooves are stacked on the plates, pipes are already fixed.

After mounting the pipes, you can immediately begin to lay the solid coating - laminate, parquet or board. When using a soft coating, a rigid base is required - plywood sheets, chipboard, etc. They are laid directly on top metal pipesFixed, and from above rolls the carpet or laying the glue with a warm floor without a screed under the tile, can be put on metal plates immediately, but it is necessary to use a special composition for a warm floor.

As you can see, do it yourself even easier than under the tie - the principle is understandable, the work is not the most difficult, the materials will go wrong and much. Moreover, you can not only mount the finished plates of polystyrene or DVP, and do everything yourself. It will take time more, but the money will require less.

RESULTS

Warm water floor with their own hands - a sophisticated for execution, but real. Of course, you will spend more time - everything needs to be understood, digest a lot of information. But everything will do everything yourself, and by the mind, and not how faster or more convenient, and how often hired workers do. Also save a pretty decent amount - the services of builders are completely silenced.

Obviously, each of us, choosing in a cold winter evening from a warm soul, fell to the surface of a cold tile. After purchasing a mass of pleasant feelings from water procedures Such events actually plunged into the moral decline on Earth from heaven and immediately forced many to quickly go in search of warm socks and slippers. However, this situation appears not only in the bathroom, but also in the kitchen on tiled semi, in the bedroom on the laminate, and in other places. The installation of warm water can make it possible to avoid these little pleasant sensations.

What is a warm floor?

So, the warm floor is one of the species of the heating systems. The most important feature of such a system is that the heating elements are installed in the floor space.

In order to be a clear scheme of installation of water warm floor, let's first consider traditional system Water heating under windows with all familiar radiators. Air heating heating radiators rushes straightforward to the ceiling, and not on the heating of our body. Further, gradually cooled, the air goes down to the lower levels, heats from radiators and rushes back to the ceiling. With the specified distribution of the heat of the room, the warm air flow will be near the radiators and under the ceiling, while our legs will be frozen due to a large lack of warm air at the lower levels.

Warm water installation technology implies a completely different picture. Here pipeline - heating element It is evenly distributed over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe floor of our room, so heat radiation will simultaneously occur from the entire surface. As a result, the flow of warm air itself will prevail at the floor surface, at the level of 2 meters, the temperature of the air flow indoors will slightly decrease, and in the end, the coldest air flows will dispersed in the ceiling area.

Such a separation of heat will be felt like a person most comfortable. In addition, the legs constantly in contact with the floor will now be on a warmer surface, which, in turn, will significantly reduce the loss of accumulated heat through the feet.

Warm floor water, the cost of mounting which is slightly more expensive than the installation of electric heating floor can be used not only for heating the floor, but also serve as the main source of heating, which is not acceptable for electric floors, due to the cost of electricity.

Subtleties of the device and mounting warm water floor

In the case of applying hot water as the main source of heat, the meaning of the operation of such a device is relatively simple. Instead of used heating registers on the floor, a flexible special pipe is established, which passes with hot liquid. The source of the hot liquid is either a gas boiler or central heating.

Of course, an option using central heating as a source of hot water, from the point of view of comfort and comfort, is not the most optimal. Since each autumn must be expected when the average daily temperature and utilities will come to the next to the cherished mark heating season. Therefore, the use of warm water floors is available to owners of private houses, but it does not exclude use in high-rise buildings. Some new buildings involve the connection of warm floors, in the presence of separate risers for their connection.

If you live, for example, on the second floor, then, accordingly, the floor will represent concrete slab Specific dimensions, however, if you go down to the first floor and set yourself as a matter, you will understand that your gender is also a ceiling for the first floor. Of course, your neighbors living in an apartment under you will not be against an additional source of heat, but instead of this apartment may also be basementwhich you yourself are unlikely to want to give warm. To solve this problem, it is necessary to use thermal insulation over the entire floor area, where warm water floors will be made, video materials you can see below.

The second problem that follows from the thermal conductivity of the materials, this is if you are decided to establish a pipeline for 5 centimeter pine boardwhich will be laid several layers of insulation, ceramic tile And the carpet, then the efficiency of your outdoor heating system will be zero. Therefore, if you need an effective warm water floor, then the flight of fantasies must be limited by materials with a large thermal conductivity.

Installation of a warm floor

Installation of the warm floor of water implies a classic installation scheme, that is, the laying of the pipeline occurs in the cement screed. This happens for two reasons. The first of which is a large load from which the pipeline needs to be protected. The second reason lies in the fact that the pipes have small square, and the air is a good thermal insulator, so contacting the pipes should not with air, but directly with the screed, which should work as a heating surface.

After you have prepared a layer of thermal insulation, you can proceed to laying the pipeline. There may be a question about fastening the pipeline to the base. Let's deal with these questions in order.

The warm floor of water, the installation technology of which has several ways to fasten the pipeline, will be effective with proper installation.

For example, on the heat insulation layer, you can put the reinforcement grid to which the pipeline can be fixed. In addition to a convenient markup method, such a grid will additionally be a reinforcing element of our future screed. Also in specialized stores you can find a variety of fastening tapes and special clips that can hold the pipeline on the heat insulation layer.

Installation of heating heating floor does not require any special knowledge, it is enough just to prepare well and read sufficient literature. The fastening of the pipeline is made in a step of approximately 1 m. In the case of using an easily accessible wire attachment, it is necessary to recall the need for a small gap. So tightly attracted by wire pipeline can be strong enough in a few years. This is due to a different thermal expansion of metal wire and pipeline. Installation of warm water floors implies several rules that allow you to obtain the highest possible effect of the operation of such floors.

When circulating through the pipeline, hot water transmits a part of its energy into space, as a result, a temperature decrease occurs.

Therefore, firstly, it is necessary to know that the length of the pipeline loop should not be more than 80-90 m. The optimal length is considered to be 60m. If this is not enough, it is necessary to establish a new circuit, however, it must be remembered that the length of all the contours used should be approximately the same.

Installation of a warm floor

After you have already acquired everything necessary elements And you know the installation scheme, you can directly start the installation of the warm floor of water. To do this, you need to secure the pipeline to the feed collector and start laying the contour. It is worth remembering that each contour needs to be stacked with a whole piece, without taking advantage of the connecting elements. Such connecting elements will increase the risk of various leaks.

After the outline is laid, the end of the pipeline must be connected to the age collector. In principle, the installation of a warm floor of water, video material, on the installation of which you can see below, a rather troublesome procedure, but quite reliable. But on this, the installation of a water heated floor does not end. If one side of the floor exceeds the 8 meter mark, it is necessary to use expansion jointmanufactured from damper tape and employee to compensate for thermal extensions.

The technology of installation of water warm floors implies checking the entire system before final fill.

To do this, the pipeline is admired under the pressure of hot water. The pressure should exceed the working several times, but not less than 0.6 MPa. In the first period of test, which lasts about 30 minutes, water pressure should not decrease by more than 0.06 MPa. In the second period of testing, which passes approximately 2 hours, the working pressure value achieved 1 MPa should not be reduced by more than 0.02 MPa, the fluid temperature should not change.

If your warm flooring system passed all the tests, you can pour a concrete tie, maximum height which should not be higher than 7 cm. Water warm floor, mounting which does not imply any special knowledge, will serve you for many years, provided that it is to produce its annual prevention.

As for the materials for the cement screed, the cement is not below the M300 brand. It will be better if you use a plasticizer when harvesting a solution.

The "warm floor" system is no longer a wonder. This article will help you figure out not only with the principle of the work of a water and electric warm floor, but also to carry out its own hand. This will significantly reduce financial expenses and avoid possible errors in the installation process.

Comfort in our house is inextricably linked with warmth. To live without comfortable temperature in the room not only is not cozy, but also unsafe for human health. In this article, we will look at the version of the heating system, which is very popular with consumers - warm floors (electrical and water). Having become acquainted with this material, you will learn much more information about warm floors than watching ordinary advertising booklets. From which major parts consist of a warm floor, how to install it, which are the features of the use of such systems - we will talk about all these aspects in the article.

Warm floor has a long history. Naturally, in Ancient Rome It was not about modern electric warm floors, however, the principle of heating the floor of the Roman bath is the same as during the operation of a warm floor. Smoke from the furnace on special channels passed under the floor and heated the room. In addition, stones are pretty for a long time We maintained heat, which allowed more economically to spend the combustable material. With the advent of steam (water) heating, this principle of heating premises was also not forgotten. Warm floor that is heated by water is used quite widely and today. In the last 30-40 years, electric warm floor is very popular.

Roman Bath in Beirut

There are a lot of reasons for this - ranging from simplicity in installation and maintenance, ending with durability and cheap electricity. Moreover, in cold climate conditions (Scandinavia countries, the extreme north of our country, etc.) electric warm floor becomes simply an indispensable option for heating the premises. There are also options for combined heating - warm floor and water heating. This allows you to significantly reduce energy consumption in the heating season.

Let's deal with what the heating "Warm floor" from traditional water heating is fundamentally different. First of all, this is comfort. Recall the principle of work of traditional heating. The radiator is placed on one of the walls of the room, most often under the window, since it is there that the largest thermal losses are coming. Warm air rises up, thereby displacing colder air, which, in turn heats up when the heating radiator is passing. The most comfortable temperature will be 1.5-2 meters from the radiator. Premises warm-up with traditional heating occurs unevenly. The principle of operation of a warm floor is somewhat different.

The area of \u200b\u200bheating space is many times more than the heating radiator area, since the heating element is usually laid throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. It is enough to remember the old saying that the legs need to be kept warm, and immediately it becomes clear that no other type of heating will create you such comfort in a room like a warm floor. However, there are some specific underwater stones. This is due to the fact that the temperature range in which a person feels comfortable, very small (from 25 to 28 degrees). The comfort zone in the room is how it is changed and is located not at a certain distance from the heating device, but at a certain height throughout the perimeter of the room (associated with the styling of the heating cable). The zone of comfortable temperature is located at the bottom of the room at an altitude of up to 1 meter from the floor. At the top of the room there are colder air layers.

However, this does not cause discomfort in a person, which is due to his physiology. In addition, the warm floor allows you to maximally and simply change the temperature in the heated room - for this one turning the handle of the temperature regulator or the "Smart Home" system. It should be noted that this applies only to electric warm floors. In the case of the use of water or combined warm floors, fast adjustment of the air temperature in the room will be impossible. In addition, you should not forget that such factors such as the presence of furniture in the room, carpeted floors on the floor have a significant impact on the effective operation of warm floor. This is due to the fact that any material has a certain thermal conductivity (measured in W / (M · K)). This indicator is important to us not only when choosing thermal insulation, which will avoid heat loss, but also when selecting a material that will close the warm floor and on which we will walk (linoleum, parquet, laminate, tile, etc.).

Warm floor device

The warm floor device is sufficient. Both water and electric floor are mounted on a special heat insulating material, then a filling with cement-sandy solution is filling, over the resulting screed laid tiles, linoleum or any other flooring. The source of heat will serve either water or special electrical cable. Here on the device of this electric heating cable, we will talk in more detail.

1 - overlapping; 2 and 7 - cement and sand tie; 3 - thermal insulation; 4 - mounting tape; 5 - temperature sensor; 6 - heating cable; 8 - ceramic tile; 9 - thermostat

Externally cable for the "Warm floor" system resembles an antenna cable. That's just his goal is not to transmit a signal (electricity) per distance, and the transformation of electrical energy into thermal. A very important parameter that is characterized by a warm floor is its specific heat generation. In different manufacturers, this indicator ranges from 15 to 25 W / m. At the same time, it is not necessary to forget that the insulating layer, which covers the heating element itself, is able to withstand heating to temperatures over 100 degrees, which is very important, since most often the cable is poured with a screed and it should give heat, while not harming the insulating layer.

Construction of a cable of a warm floor: 1 - insulation of current-handed livers; 2 - heating veins; 3 - drainage conductor (grounding); 4 - foil screen; 5 - external insulation

If the cable is overheated, the insulating layer will be disturbed and possibly short circuit. Warm floor repair is a fairly troublesome and expensive occupation, since it is almost impossible to determine the place of damage to the cable. It is for this reason that it is not necessary to choose a cable with a higher specific heat generation and when installing, it is necessary to observe the recommended distance between the threads, as it can also cause overheating and short-circuit of the heating cable. These breakdowns are excluded in the case of the use of water warm floor. But there may be some complications, for example, cracks in pipes, fittings and, as a result, leakage of the coolant. Such an emergency situation in a private house will not have special consequences (you can simply damage your property), but if such a breakdown occurs in apartment house, it may have to compensate for the neighbors the results of the flooding of their apartments. Qualitatively performed waterproofing can minimize possible trouble in case of emergency situations. However, if the warm water floor is connected to central system Heating with high pressure of the coolant, the waterproofing can do little.

Mount the electric warm floor with your own hands

Let's look through the order of mounting the warm floor on their own. First of all, you need to decide why the warm floor is purchased - as an additional heating in the apartment, as a heating system on a glazed loggia, etc. Consider as an example installation of a warm floor in the apartment (room) as an additional heating.

Quite often warm floor mounted in the kitchen and in the bathroom, since it is there that it is possible to put the heating cable under the tile (this is the most common way of mounting a warm floor).

As an additional heating, it will be quite 100-120 W per 1 m 2 area of \u200b\u200bthe room, subject to compulsory use heat insulating material good quality. For a kitchen of 10 m 2, you will need about 45-50 cable meters (this data can be accurately provided by the seller, since the power of the heating cable is different). It is also worth clarifying the seller the minimum allowable distance between the heating cable threads (this is necessary in order to avoid local overheating of the cable).

Before laying the heating cable, it is necessary to free the room from the furniture, remove the old flooring and thoroughly prepare the surface of the floor - align, remove the construction trash, if necessary, make a thin cement screed. After that, you need to prepare a place on the wall to install a special electrical thermostat, with which you will adjust the temperature of the warm floor. If necessary, equip the individual wiring for connecting a warm floor. After performing these preparatory work You can proceed to the arrangement of thermal insulation and direct laying of the heating cable. Some masters advise except heat insulation and waterproofing to avoid the formation of condensate near the heating cable. Polyethylene film is used as waterproofing. Modern building materials allow you to minimize the loss of useful space (do not forget that thermal insulation, cable, cement screed is all reduces the useful room together).

Thus, the thermal insulation is quite often used by foofol - a modern heat-insulating material, which has a special coating of foil with a thickness of about 14 μm and polyethylene foam with self-adhesive layer. This material Very thin and light, while the thermal conductivity coefficient in the foam is 0.049 W / (M · K). The foam comes in rolls, after laying the foam foil up, the joints must be kept between rolls to smoke with a special assembly tape. After the insulation is fully laid throughout the perimeter of the room, a thin reinforcing grid is stacked on top of it, the main task of which is:

• eliminate overheating cable from contact with thermal insulation;
• possess the strength of cement-sand mortar that the floor will be poured.

Cable installation is performed using a mounting tape that is fixed on the floor. This tape allows you to exclude the beggars, keep all the distances between the cable loops. The cable is laid in increments of about 20-25 cm. The normal operation of the electric forple floor is not possible without installing a special thermal sensor. It is necessary to provide for its replacement without destruction subsequently a concrete screed. To do this, the thermal sensor is usually installed in a special tube, which is poured along with a cable cement screed.

Before making the fill of the mounted warm floor, it is checked, check again the correctness of all installation and reliability of the connections.

There should be no errors at this stage, since to eliminate them will have to dismantle the cement screed. The health of the warm floor can be checked not only by supplying the voltage to the heating cable, but also by measuring the cable resistance using a special tester. All parameters of such measurements The manufacturer indicates a passport on the product. After the inspection, cement screed is made to 3-4 cm thick. Pouring should be taken uniformly, special attention It is necessary to turn to the fact that voids are not formed in the screed, as this can lead to overheating and outlet of the heating cable. After you made the fill, you need to wait for her complete drying.

If the work on laying outdoor coating It can be started after 4-5 days, then the control check for a warm floor can be carried out no earlier than 30-35 days. And the point is not at all that the raw screed can cause a short circuit and bring the heating cable. Most materials under the influence of high temperature expands, and at low temperatures are compressed. Any material has its own thermal expansion coefficient. In the case of inclusion of a warm floor until the complete drying of the concrete screed, it will take place uneven drying of the solution, the formation of cracks and voids in the screed with which we fought so carefully during the fill. This will increase the risk of premature failure of the heating cable. It is also worth considering the location of furniture in the room and not lay the heating cable in those places where it will be placed.

Installation of water warm floor with their own hands

Installation of warm water floor is carried out in about the same sequence as the installation of electric. However, do not forget that water and electric heating are subject to different laws of physics. If the electrical heating cable has the same (or almost the same) temperature over its entire length, then it is somewhat different with water floor. We already talked about how heating the heat carrier (in this case Water) with a variety of heating devices - electrical and gas boilers, boilers on liquid and hard fuel, etc.

The maximum temperature of the coolant will have immediately upon admission to the heating system from the chamber of the boiler heating. Circulating on the system, water gradually gives its heat and returns to the boiler has already been significantly cooled, which means that the coolant that will circulate along the warm sex system, at the inlet and at the output will have different temperatures. With incorrect installation, you should not wait for efficient work, as the room will warm up unevenly. About how to prevent errors when installing a water warm floor, we will tell a little later in order not to violate the description of the sequence of work performed.

There are several options for laying a water warm floor:

• concrete installation system (the most common today);
• flooring system.

The flooring installation system of water warm floor in turn is divided into:

• polystyrene mounted system;
• wooden floor mounting system.

The concrete system of mounting a water warm floor (the same as the styling system of the electric warm floor described above) was most distributed due to its low installation cost. All laying work is made in several stages. The sequence of work and materials are used as the same as when laying an electric warm floor. Water warm floor pipes are not afraid of overheating unlike electrical cable.

However, their laying must be performed not only neatly, without strong bends and fractures, but also in a strictly defined sequence. The light reinforcing mesh in this case does not fit, it is necessary to use the armature with a diameter of 4-5 mm, the cell size is about 150 mm. This is due to the fact that the water warm floor has quite considerable weight. Power styling pods can be the most different (water pipes are not afraid of overheating), but in any case the distance between the pipes should not be more than 300-400 mm, as this will significantly reduce the efficiency of this heating system, and will also lead to the appearance on the floor of cold strips - Sections of the floor with lower temperatures. Pipes are attached to the floor with the help of dowels and clamps.

In practice, several options for laying pipes of water warm floor are used:

1. Spiral
2. Snake (parallel method).
3. Meander (double snake).

Recommend some one way of laying pipes as the most effective would be incorrect. When installing a water warm floor, a number of factors should be taken into account, including external walls, availability window Operas etc. - it is in these places that should pass pipes with a hotter coolant.

The length of one loop of the water warm floor pipes (from the entrance to the exit) should not be more than 100 m, due to the fact that there will be significant hydraulic losses in the system and such a floor will not work effectively. On 1 m 2 of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room takes about 6-7 pipe meters of the pipe. It depends on the distance between the pipes.

Both ends of the pipe (feeding and reverse) are displayed in the switching (collector) wardrobe. This cabinet is mounted either in a special niche in the wall (it still has to be cut out), or make the overhead (open). The placement of the collector cabinet depends only on your desire and opportunities (the arrangement of the niche in the wall is a fairly expensive type of work). In the collector cabinet, not only pipes will be placed, with which the warm floor is connected to the main heating contour, but also valves that will allow not only overlapping the coolant, but also adjust the temperature of the floor in the room.

Adjusting the temperature can be made not only manually, but also with the help of a special electronic valve, which will respond to signals from the thermal sensor (the thermal sensor is installed in the same way as when the electric warm floor is installed). This leads to the rise in the cost of the system, but more conveniently in the process of its operation, since it makes it possible to connect a water warm floor to the system " Smart House" This system will allow not only to control the temperature in the room, but also save you from the flood, which can happen at the time of the pipes of heating.

Before filling the pipes, cement screed must be cleaned with the entire system to eliminate possible leaks of the coolant.

The flooring flooring system allows you to exclude a cement screed arrangement from the installation process. This not only accelerates the process of commissioning, but also significantly reduces the cost. possible repairs. Moreover - this system much easier than traditional water warm floor, which allows to significantly reduce the load on the ceiling plates, bearing structures Buildings (weight 1 m 2 of the traditional concrete water warm floor is about 250-350 kg, while the weight of the filamental floor is about 35-50 kg, depending on its type). There is one significant remark - it is impossible to connect water warm floor to a centralized heating system without prior approval with housing and communal services and heat supply organizations.

Combined systems "Warm floor"

These systems are most often found in those homes where the main role in heating plays a water warm floor. In the spring or in the fall, there is a period of time, when to include completely heating in the house there is no point (microclimate is quite favorable), but to create even more comfortable conditions It will not be superfluous to increase the temperature in the room.

If in homes with individual heating there is still an opportunity to independently turn on the heating and adjust it to the minimum temperature modethen in homes with central heating There is no such possibility. Here you will come to help the combined warm floor, the electrical part of which will create a favorable microclimate in your apartment. Installation of such sex is carried out in the order we wrote about. Do not forget that the simultaneous exploitation of electric and water warm floor can lead to overheating of the heating cable. These features should be considered when installing this design.

We hope that this article will help you make a successful, profitable and right choice, and the acquired equipment will delight perfect work.

The heating of premises based on warm floor technology is much more efficient than heating by conventional radiator batteries. Heated floor provides room with normal air circulation: warm air It is downstairs, cooler - above.

There are two floors of the floor in the house: electrical and water. But electric method Heating of the floor is very cost in operation, so water heating is greater popularity.

How to organize a warm water floor in the house

To warm the house with water, a certain number of pipes will be required. Water will circulate on the system, and warm the floor.

The essence lies in the fact that it is necessary to put pipes under the floor covering. The process is not the easiest, but anyone, if desired, can figure it out.

What room is suitable for mounting a warm floor

Since such a variant of the heating of the floor requires a considerable amount of pipes, it is mainly installed in the private sector homes.

Multi-storey houses are not adapted to this type of heating. Management Company It just won't give permission to install a warm floor of general heating.

New buildings in their mass are equipped with systems for both radiator and water heating.

In order for the installation of a warm floor to be successful, you need to study all the nuances of this process.

Temperature conductor heat

In order for the floor to be a comfortable temperature, the water temperature in the batteries should not be higher than 45C. In this case, the sexual coating itself will be heated to 28c.

But in most cases heating systems issued minimum temperature About 65c. Only gas boilers Capable to maintain the desired temperature level. They are effective at low temperatures.

If other heating systems are used, then the submeener node is required. In him K. existing system Heating is added cooling water from the return pipeline.

The cooling effect is as follows: Hot water from the boiler enters the thermostatic valve opening the addition cold water from the return pipe with a strong increase in temperature.

How to make a warm floor with your own hands: eyeliner

There are two technologies for which pipe fixation is made:

Dry eyeliner. On mats of polystyrene foam or wooden plates, metal strips with cooked pipe channels are laid out. So heat is even distributed when heating.

The plywood or other rigid materials is littered from above. If you plan to install warm floors under the tile, then all the technology remains unchanged, only the tile is stacked on the OSP or Phane with a special glue.

Laying in a screed or "wet" version of the styling of pipes. For such technology, several layers will be required:

• Insulation;
• Grid or tape;
• Pipes;
• Screed.

Floor coating is laid after the screed grabbing. It is possible to put waterproofing the reinforcing grid under the insulation.

Note!

The damper tape must be used when installing the floor. It is placed where two contours are connected, having finished it over the entire area.

What system is better?

How to make a warm floor, and what system to use? Both systems have the pros and cons.

Dry laying option will be more costly if you buy all the components in finished video. But their mass is much less and you can use them faster.

The screed has a big mass, and not any foundation can withstand it. Only having a foundation with a margin, you can allow the installation in this way.

In case of damage to pipes laid by the screed method, it will be very difficult to fix them. The screed will have to be broken, and the repair itself can cause damage alongside the sceneled pipes.

You can use the warm floor in the screed only on the 28th day after laying, because the concrete should dial strength. For almost a month you have to do without heating.

Note!

If there is a wooden floor in the house, then the screed and high temperatures contribute to the rapid damning of wood.

It is necessary to study all the source data of the house to avoid serious consequences. Perhaps in some cases it is better to resort to dry technologies.

The warm floor in his home is an excellent idea that can be implemented, sobering in information about this process.

It is worth examining the information found, see the photo of the warm floor on the Internet, as well as the schemes of pipeline systems for floor heating.

Photo of a warm floor with their own hands

Note!