Business plan of a trading enterprise example. Ready-made business plans for small businesses with calculations

Very promising and profitable types of business activities are those that are associated with children, in particular with their entertainment (see "Inflatable children's trampolines"). To date, a number of ideas have been proposed, the implementation of which, with the proper approach to doing business, allows you to get stable and high profits. However, it should be remembered that a business based on the entertainment of children requires responsibility from the organizer (entrepreneur in our case), so ...

most valuable and delicious fish inaccessible to the common fisherman. Some fishing enthusiasts come up with clever ways to catch delicious fish, spend a lot of money on equipment and a lot of time sitting with a fishing rod near water bodies. Real fish lovers start salivating at the word trout. Fish is one of the most valuable and its cost in stores is most often sky-high. But there are no unsolvable problems. ...

At the beginning of your coming payment terminals looked like a goldmine. They bred and filled the free niches. The times of easy profits are over, but the business has remained and is developing. Those who are not lazy and ready to spend money at the start to launch 3-4 terminals can count on a refund within six months. Terminal owners face intense competition. It is necessary to monitor service market trends and respond to customer requests. Online payment technologies...

If you think that the strawberry growing business is highly seasonal, then we are in a hurry to convince you. Today, there are a number of proven technologies that allow you to get a stable strawberry crop all year round. In addition, these technologies for growing strawberries all year round do not put us in front of restrictions on the size of the plantation and its geographical location. It all depends on the scale we have planned. The main component of this business...

Historically, hookah smoking is the prerogative of the inhabitants of India and the East. “Sultan” pleasure came to Russia in the early 2000s, when mass tourists brought smoking devices for home use. At the same time, business plans began to be developed on how to open a hookah bar - quick payback costs promised future owners a solid profit. But with the introduction of the "anti-tobacco law" in 2014, prohibiting smoking in catering establishments, ...

A broiler is a type of chicken that is raised for meat. Breeding broilers brings profit to the owners of poultry farms. There are two lines of business - raising chickens for sale live or fattening grown broilers with subsequent slaughter. To organize a poultry farm on your site, study the requirements for such enterprises and draw up a business plan for future production.

The list of costs for setting up a business includes registration and licensing fees, the purchase of equipment and inventory, and many other expenses. Even if you haven't prepared a business plan, before launching a startup, you need to map out the list and amount of upfront costs to make sure you have enough working capital.

The desire to have your own profitable business is an obsession with many hired employees who, day after day, monotonously “wind the term” for an intolerable boss. However, wishing and doing are two banks of the same river, which can only be connected by the right business idea. By the way, if you delve into the search, you can be surprised how many unrealized opportunities surround the world and the surrounding society. It is only important to know how to search correctly.

Bread is always and at all times in constant demand. Any global crisis economic phenomena only spur the consumption of bread and bakery products. Our new business idea is completely dedicated to the production of Armenian lavash and wheat rolls. Why lavash? Firstly, this is one of the most ancient and useful types of bread, besides, it is popular in Russia, both among ordinary consumers, ...

The essence of the project: the organization of modern construction company using the technology of frameless arch construction for the construction of buildings and structures for various purposes and areas of application to enter the market of the Chelyabinsk region. Type of products - buildings and structures for various purposes, erected using the technology of frameless arched construction. These buildings have a wide range of applications, they can be erected in different parts of the globe - the design temperatures of use are from...

No business project is complete without a business plan. This document is a detailed instruction for opening a commercial business, which describes step by step the tasks that need to be solved in order to achieve the ultimate goal (that is, to maximize profits), as well as the methods and means that the entrepreneur is going to use. Without a business plan, it is impossible to receive investments in a commercial project, or apply to a bank for a loan for business development. However, even if the entrepreneur does not plan to attract third-party funds, he still needs a business plan - for himself.

Why is this document needed, and what is its exceptional importance? A well-written business plan, which contains verified information and verified figures, is the foundation of a commercial project. It will allow you to analyze in advance the state of the market and the severity of competition, predict possible risks and develop ways to minimize them, estimate the amount of necessary start-up capital And total amount investment, as well as the expected return - in short, to find out whether it is advisable to take a financial risk and invest in this idea.

"Business idea"

The basis of any project is a business idea - that for which, in fact, everything is conceived. An idea is a service or product that will bring profit to the entrepreneur. The success of a project is almost always determined the right choice ideas.

• What idea is successful?

The success of an idea is its potential profitability. So, at every time there are directions that are initially favorable for making a profit. For example, some time ago it was fashionable to import yoghurts into the Russian Federation - this product instantly gained popularity among the population, and the number of import companies grew in proportion to this popularity. Only a completely unfortunate and incompetent entrepreneur could fail a project in this area and make a business unprofitable. Now, the idea of ​​trading yogurt with a huge degree of probability will not be successful: the market is already oversaturated with products domestic production, imported goods are unlikely to be favorably received by consumers due to the high price and customs difficulties, in addition, the main players in this segment have already established themselves in the market and have established supply and distribution channels.

Most entrepreneurs, choosing an idea for making a profit, think in terms of the majority - they say, if this business brings income to my friend, then I can also establish my own business. However, the more “role models”, the greater the level of competition and the less opportunity to dictate their prices. In a mass business, approximate prices are already set, and in order to increase their competitiveness, a newcomer has to set prices below market prices in order to attract customers - which, of course, does not contribute to making big profits.

Potentially high-margin ideas now are those proposals that help the entrepreneur to occupy a free market niche - that is, to offer something that other businessmen have not yet thought of. To find an original business idea, sometimes it is enough to look around and think about what consumers in a certain area lack. So, a successful idea was the production of mops that allow you to wring out a rag without getting your hands wet, or special lamps that cannot be dismantled without the use of special tools - this know-how has significantly reduced the number of light bulb thefts in porches.

Often, original ideas do not even need to be generated on your own - you can use new products that are successfully implemented in other countries or cities, but have not yet occupied the corresponding market niche in your region. Following this path, you will be the first to offer this know-how to consumers in your region or country, which means you will be able to set prices for this product (service).

However, originality alone is not enough for a successful business idea. There are two objective prerequisites for a business to be successful:

1. - a potential buyer feels the need for your product or at least understands its usefulness (for example, a person may not yet know about a certain medicine, but he realizes that something similar can cure his illness);
2. - the buyer is ready to pay for your product or service) exactly the price that you plan to ask (for example, almost everyone wants to buy a car - however, as we know, not everyone can afford a car).

And one more thing about innovative business ideas - too much originality can only hurt your profits, because the potential audience may simply not be ready for your proposal (most consumers are conservative by nature and have difficulty changing their habits). The least risky option is to stick to the golden mean - that is, to bring already familiar goods or services to the market, but in an improved form.

• How do you know if a given business idea is right for you?

Even a potentially successful business idea may not turn out to be successful in practice if it does not suit a particular entrepreneur. So, opening a beauty salon is relatively easy - but if you do not understand the intricacies of the salon business, then your offspring is unlikely to bring you good profit. A business idea must necessarily be supported by the experience of the entrepreneur, his knowledge and, of course, opportunities. What indicators indicate that your project will be within your power?

1. - Professionalism. You can have a specialized education in your chosen field, or you can just as well be self-taught. The main thing is that you have an understanding of the production process and other necessary knowledge in the chosen area.
2. - Enthusiasm. You should like what you are going to do and offer. Moreover, you should like not only the final product, but also the process itself, because you will not be able to give all your strength to an unloved business, which means it will be difficult to bring it to a good level. Remember the famous proverb: "find a job that you like - and you will not have to work a single day in your life."
3. - Personal features. If you are a closed and uncommunicative person, you feel uncomfortable in the company of other people, then it will be difficult for you to negotiate. And if, for example, you are a staunch vegetarian, then it makes no sense to consider trading semi-finished meat products- even if this business can bring good profit, you will still be uncomfortable doing it.
4. - What you have (land, real estate, equipment, etc.). Starting a production will be much less expensive if you already have suitable equipment. And if you inherited, say, private house close to the road, then this is a good opportunity to profit from roadside trading, because your competitors, if any, do not have such good location, and this advantage can overcome even your inexperience.

Competition: how to become special:

As mentioned above, for the application of their entrepreneurial efforts, it is best to choose those areas where competition is not serious or does not exist at all. However, in most cases, entrepreneurs one way or another have to face competitors, and businessmen face the question - how to stand out from their background? You can do this through the following benefits:

Competitive advantages

When making yourself known to potential consumers, try to immediately draw their attention to the advantages that distinguish your offer from similar ones, so that buyers see that it is you who can satisfy their needs in the best possible way. Do not hesitate to stick out your merits and do not rely on the ingenuity of consumers - they are unlikely to guess why your product (service) differs from the product (service) of your competitors in better side. For example, if the recipe for the bread you bake involves enriching the product with vitamins and other useful substances, then be sure to convey this fact to your future buyers. You should not position your bread simply as a tasty and fresh product, because your competitors have exactly the same bread - hardly anyone will sell tasteless and expired goods. But vitamins are your competitive advantage, and the buyer must definitely know about it, so advertising must be thought out accordingly.

So, we have analyzed some of the nuances of preliminary preparation for writing a business plan, and now we can pay close attention to this particular document and its main sections.

1. Title page.

The title page is the "face" of your business plan. It is he who is primarily seen by your potential investors or bank employees who decide to issue you a loan for business development. Therefore, it should be clearly structured and contain all the key information about your project:

1. - Name of the project (for example, "Production of self-squeezing mops" or "Creation and development of a commercial Internet radio station called "XXX");
2. - Organizational and legal form of the project and name legal entity(if there are several such persons, then a list indicating areas of responsibility is required);
3. - Author and co-authors of the project
4. - Annotation to the project (for example, "this document is step by step plan foundation and development of a commercial radio station…”);
5. - Project cost (required start-up capital)
6. - Place and year of creation ("Perm, 2016").

2. Summary.

This item is short description the idea of ​​the project, the timing of its implementation, the main goals and objectives for the realization of the idea, the expected turnover and production volumes. forecast of key indicators - the profitability of the project, its payback period, the size of the initial investment, sales volume, net profit, etc.

Despite the fact that the summary is the first section of the business plan, it is compiled after this document has already been completely written and rechecked, since the summary covers all other sections of the BP. The summary should be concise and extremely logical and fully disclose all the advantages of the project, so that investors or a potential lender can see that this business idea is really worth investing in.

3. Market analytics

The section reflects the state of the market sector in which the project will be implemented, an assessment of the level of competition, characteristics of the target audience and industry development trends. It is very important that the market analysis be carried out on the basis of a qualitative marketing research containing real indicators (a falsified or inaccurate analysis reduces the value of a business plan to almost nothing). If an entrepreneur is not competent enough in the chosen area, then in order to avoid inaccuracies and mistakes, he should outsource marketing research by ordering it from a trusted marketing agency.

This section usually takes up at least 10% of the total business plan. An example plan is:

1. - general description the selected industry (dynamics, trends and development prospects - with specific mathematical indicators);
2. - Characteristics of the main market players (that is, direct and indirect competitors), an indication of the competitive advantages and features of your business project compared to other entities;
3. - Characteristics of the target audience (geographical location, age level, gender, income level, type of consumer and user behavior, etc.). Creation of a portrait of a “typical client” indicating the main motives and values ​​that guide him when choosing a product (service), pessimistic forecasting (that is, a minimum flow) of consumers of a product (service);
4. - Overview of the most effective channels and ways to promote goods (services);
5. - Review and identification of the most likely risks that an entrepreneur may face in this market segment and offer ways to eliminate or minimize them (it must be remembered that risks are external circumstances and factors beyond the control of the entrepreneur);
6. - Forecast of possible changes in this market segment, as well as an overview of factors that may affect the profitability of the project.

4. Characteristics of goods (services) and their implementation

This paragraph describes in detail those goods that the entrepreneur is going to produce, or the services that he is going to sell. Particular attention should be paid to the competitive advantages of a business idea, that is, what will distinguish this proposal from the general variety. However, you should not be silent about the shortcomings and weaknesses of the idea, if any - it is better to play fair with investors and creditors, besides, they can analyze this item on their own, and in the case of a one-sided description, you risk losing their trust, and along with it - and hope for financial investments in your idea.

The presence of a patent will make the described idea particularly attractive - if an entrepreneur offers any know-how and has already managed to patent it, then this fact must be reflected in the document. The patent is like competitive advantage, and the basis for a greater likelihood of obtaining loans or investments.

The chapter must include:

1. - a brief description of the idea;
2. - ways of its implementation;
3. - description of the life cycle of the product (service);
4. - percentage of secondary purchases;
5. - the possibility of creating additional product lines or service options, the possibility of segmenting the proposed product;
6. - the proposed modification of the offer in accordance with changes in the market situation and factors affecting profits.

5. Ways to promote business (marketing and strategic plans)

In this chapter, the entrepreneur describes exactly how he is going to inform the potential consumer about his product and how he will promote this product. Here are reflected:

6. Description of the production process

The production plan is detailed description a complete algorithm for the production of a product from its being in a raw state to the moment when the finished product is on store windows. This plan includes:

1. - a description of the required raw materials and the basic requirements for them, as well as the suppliers from whom you plan to purchase these raw materials;
2. - reception, processing and pre-production preparation of raw materials;
3. - actually technological process;
4. - output of the finished product;
5. - the procedure for testing the finished product, its packaging and transfer to the warehouse and subsequent delivery to the buyer.

In addition to the actual description of the production process, this chapter should also reflect:

1. - characteristics of the equipment used, as well as the premises where the production process will be carried out - indicating all the necessary standards and requirements;
2. - list of main partners;
3. - the need to attract resources and borrowed funds;
4. - calendar business development plan - from the start of production to the time when the funds invested in the project begin to pay off.

7. Structure of the enterprise. Personnel and management.

This chapter describes the internal scheme of the business project, that is, the administrative and organizational plan. The chapter can be roughly divided into the following subsections:

1. - organizational and legal form of the enterprise (LLC, individual entrepreneur, etc.);
2. - the internal structure of the enterprise, the distribution of responsibilities between services, the channels of their interaction (it would be best if this subparagraph is additionally illustrated with appropriate diagrams);
3. - staffing, a list of duties of each employee, his salary, channels and criteria by which personnel will be selected;
4. - a list of measures for the policy in the field of work with personnel (training, training, personnel reserve etc.)
5. - participation in business development events (competitions, conferences, fairs, grants, government programs etc.).

8. Risk assessment. Ways to minimize risks.

The purpose of this paragraph is a preliminary assessment of possible negative circumstances that will affect the achievement of the desired indicators (business income, client flow, etc.) - the basis for this assessment is, again, market research. The risks are divided into external ones (for example, tougher competition and the emergence of new strong players in this segment, an increase in rental rates and utility bills, natural disasters And emergencies, changes in tax legislation in the direction of increasing rates, etc.) and internal (what can happen directly within the enterprise - equipment breakdowns, unscrupulous employees, etc.).

If an entrepreneur has information in advance about what exactly he should be afraid of on the way to the implementation and promotion of his project, then he can think in advance about the ways in which he will neutralize and minimize negative factors. For each risk, a number of alternative strategies should be proposed (a kind of table of measures taken in case of emergency). Risks should not be hidden from investors or creditors.

Special attention should be paid to such a form of protection as insurance against various risks. If an entrepreneur plans to insure his business, then this must be mentioned - indicating the chosen insurance company, the amount of insurance premiums and other details related to the case.

9. Forecasting financial flows

Perhaps the most responsible chapter of the business plan. Because of its importance, its writing should be entrusted to professionals if the entrepreneur himself does not have a financial and economic education. Thus, many startups with creative ideas but do not have sufficient financial literacy, this case they resort to the services of investment companies, which later put their verification visa on the business plan - this is a kind of guarantee of the reliability of the calculations and will give the business plan additional weight in the eyes of investors and creditors.

The financial plan of any business project includes:

1. - balance of the enterprise;
2. - calculation of expenses (fund wages employees, production costs, etc.);
3. - profit and loss statement, as well as cash flow;
4. - the amount of necessary external investments;
5. - calculation of profit and profitability.

The profitability of the project is a key indicator that has a decisive influence on the decision of investors about investing in this business. Calculations on this topic cover the period from the introduction of start-up capital and third-party investments into the project until the moment when the project can be considered break-even and begins to generate net profit.

When calculating profitability, the basic formula R = D * Zconst / (D - Z) is usually used, where R is the profitability threshold in monetary terms, D is income, Z is variable costs, and Zconst - fixed costs. However, for long-term calculations, one should also include in the calculation formula such indicators as the inflation rate, renovation costs, deductions to the investment fund, an increase in the wages of employees of the enterprise, etc. Again, it is advisable to use the Gantt chart as a visualization method, according to which it is convenient to track the level of growing income and reaching the break-even point.

10. Regulatory framework

It indicates all the documents that are necessary for the legal support of the business - certificates and licenses for goods, permission for certain types of activities, acts, permits, etc. - with a description of the conditions and terms of their receipt, as well as the cost. If any documents are already in the hands of the entrepreneur, this must be indicated, and this fact will also become an advantage in the eyes of investors.

11.Applications

At the end of the business plan, the entrepreneur provides all calculations, diagrams, graphs and other auxiliary materials, which were used to make financial forecasts, market analysis, etc., as well as all materials that visualize the points of the business plan and facilitate its perception.

“The main mistakes when drawing up a business plan”

At the end of the article, I would like to say a few words about the most common mistakes that inexperienced entrepreneurs make when drawing up business plans. So, what should you avoid if you do not want to scare potential investors away from your project?

Excessive bloat and volume. A business plan is not homework, where the large size of the written increases the chances of good mark. The approximate volume of a business plan is usually 70-100 sheets.

Difficulties of presentation. If an investor reading your plan can't figure out your idea after reading two or three pages, then there's a good chance they'll put BP aside.

Lack of necessary explanations. Remember that an investor is not required to understand the area of ​​the market in which you offer him to invest money (and in most cases he really does not understand it, otherwise he would have already launched independent business). Therefore, you need to succinctly introduce the reader to the main details.

Streamlined phrases-characteristics ("huge market", "great prospects", etc.). Remember: only accurate and verified information and forecasts.

Providing approximate, unverified or knowingly false financial indicators. We have already focused on this topic above, therefore - without comments.

Business plan: sample and purpose of the document + reasons for drawing up + 5 stages of creation + features of writing for investors and for personal purposes + structure + 15 tips + 7 illustrative examples.

Any actions must be planned and displayed on paper. This is especially true for entrepreneurship. Without business planning, i.e. detailed optimization of resources and determination of further tasks, even an experienced entrepreneur will not be able to achieve their goals.

That's why it's so important to have sample business plan and compose it correctly. This material will help you with this.

Why and who needs a business plan?

There are several definitions of a business plan on the Internet.

Here are the most common ones:

Those. A business plan is a document that details how to implement it. Thanks to it, you can fully justify your project, evaluate the effectiveness from all sides. decisions taken to understand the feasibility of financing in a particular activity.

The business plan shows:

• business development prospects;
• volumes of the sales market, potential consumers;
• profitability of the project;
• forthcoming expenses for the production and sale of products, their supply to the market, etc.

A business development plan is a tool that evaluates the final results of activities for a specific period of time. It can be used to attract investors and is necessary in creating a business concept, company strategy.

Drawing up a business plan is one of the important, crucial stages of planning. It is developed both for those enterprises that produce goods, and for those whose specialization is the provision of services.

Before writing a business plan, specialists or the owner of the company determine the tasks and means for their implementation. The developed document can attract creditors to implement ideas. For this reason, its importance cannot be overstated.

The purpose of the business development plan:

• analysis of aspects of entrepreneurship;
• competent management of finances, operations;
• justification of the need to obtain investments (bank loans, equity participation of companies in the project, budget allocations, etc.);
• accounting of financial opportunities and threats (risks) of the enterprise;
• choice of the optimal direction of development.

Entrepreneurs write business plans for the following reasons:

Features of drawing up a plan for personal purposes and creditors

It is important to see the difference between a business plan, which is written for internal use, and a document, so to speak, "ceremonial", to be transferred to creditors.

1. Create a plan for personal goals.

If you intend to use the sample business plan and write it for yourself, please note that it will be in the form of a practical guide to further actions.

The business development plan in this case should answer the following questions:

1. What activities do you (will you) do?
2. What product/service does your company offer to the market?
3. Who are the consumers, clients?
4. What goals should you achieve?
5. What means are needed to achieve the goals?
6. Who is responsible for performing certain tasks?
7. How long does it take to get it done?
8. What capital investment will be required?
9. What results should the actions lead to?

You need to understand that when drawing up a working document, you need to reflect the real state of affairs in order to know in which direction to move, what to do, what to strive for.

2. Document for investors.

When developing a business plan to provide to lenders/investors, the methodology is different. The person or organization that will finance your venture should receive a document detailing the situation and the main tasks.

You have to convince depositors that their money will be used rationally, to identify benefits for them. A business plan must be drawn up logically, each action must be justified.

If you have doubts in any area, study it more carefully, because according to the program you outlined, creditors will certainly have “uncomfortable” questions. And how you answer them will depend on the amount of initial investment in opening / developing your own business.

Also of particular importance is the confidence of the serve. It’s good if you manage to display statistics in a business plan, referring to the example of another company. This will increase your chances of getting an investment.

When writing a business plan, you should follow business style and follow the structure.

Sample business plan: structure

Regardless of the purpose for which you draw up a plan, working with it takes place in 5 stages:

As a business builder, you can make up the first two without any problems. But what should be the competent structure of a business plan?

We will analyze the main sections, what information they contain and how to correctly compose them.

No. 1. Title page.

It acts as such a calling card. It indicates: the name of your company, contact information, address data, phone numbers of the founders.

In addition, the title should contain the content of the entire document (chapter - page number). When composing the title, be concise, state the information concisely.

The total volume of the business plan is about 30-35 pages, including applications.

*Business plan (sample title page)

No. 2. Introductory part of a sample business development plan.

It takes approximately 2 A4 sheets. The introduction describes the main aspects of your business, its essence, what advantages it has.

It is necessary to write what is attractive for buyers of the product / service, what is the expected profit. If you intend to raise funds for the business, the introductory part indicates the amount of capital you need.

Usually the introduction is devoted to such points of the plan:

The introductory part is the last one, because. it describes the overall picture of the company's activities.
You can fully portray it only after studying all the nuances of the case.

You can study a sample of this and other parts of the plan at the end of this material - there are collected examples of this document for the main lines of business.

No. 3. The main part of the business plan.

The main section deals with the type of activity and all its key points, project cost.

It consists of subsections:

• production;
• financial;
• marketing;
• organizational;
• business efficiency calculation;
• risks.

We will consider them separately.

At the end it follows final part. In it, you need to summarize the work done, give a clear definition of the tasks.

Subsections of the main part of business plans

No. 1. Development of the production subsection of the business plan.

The main section of the document is the largest. Its subsections describe each aspect of your case.

For example, industrial shows what equipment will be used, what premises you have, how much money will be needed to purchase and start a business.

Also, this plan is designed to allow you to calculate production capacity, determine the likely prospects for growth in production volumes.

In addition, it contains information on the full provision of raw materials, components, highlights questions about the need for labor force, temporary and fixed costs business.

So that the production subsection of the plan has a clear structure and accommodates the entire necessary information, indicate:

• how well the production process is, whether there are innovative solutions;
• ways of supplying resources, the degree of development of the transport system;
• a full description of the technologies, why they were chosen;
• Do I need to buy / rent a business premises;
• the composition of the required personnel and all data about it, labor costs;
• possible maximum volume of output;
• information about suppliers, business subcontractors;
• the cost of each product;
• an estimate with a mention of current expenses, etc.

No. 2. Development of the financial subsection of the plan.

Financial plan generalizes all the above data with economic indicators for business, i.e. in value terms.

This includes business reports:

• Balance plan (confirming the ability of the enterprise to timely settlement of its monetary obligations).

On financial results, profits and losses.

It highlights the sources of profit, how losses appeared, assesses the changes in business income / expenses that occurred in the reporting period, etc.

About the movement of money.

This report allows you to see production results, creditworthiness in the long term, short-term liquidity.

The financial subsection of the business plan is also characterized by the presence of:

• schedules for future financial activities,
• descriptions of likely investments.

Think carefully about the possibility of investing, whether it will be profitable, about the target orientation of the contribution. Write how you will return the funds attracted to the business.

Try to see the following in the financial part of your business plan:

No. 3. Development of the marketing subsection of the business plan.

The marketing subsection deals with the analysis of the sales market for your company's products. You must indicate in the plan the size, dynamics and trends of the market, its segments, conjuncture.

In addition, the subsection informs about who are the consumers of the business products, what strategy will be used to promote the product.

It calculates consumption volumes, estimated market share, describes the levers used to influence demand (advertising campaign, pricing, product improvement, etc.), business competitiveness.

It is necessary to evaluate your product from the consumer's point of view, what makes it attractive, what is its consumer value, is it safe to use, and how long does it last.

When compiling a marketing plan, rely on the following points:

For compiling marketing plan information is taken from the external environment, relevant research and surveys are carried out, professional marketers are involved in order to study the market situation.

No. 4. Development of the organizational subsection of the plan.

In terms of doing business, organizational issues are considered no less important. Therefore, in this subsection, you are required to describe all the steps that will be taken to implement the project.

For example, as shown in the sample in the picture:

It is better to present information in the plan in tabular form, so that the sequence of your actions is clearly visible. It would not hurt to mention the normative and legislative acts that regulate the chosen branch of activity.

In the organizational plan, it is worth describing the managerial side, the duties of all employees, the system of subordination and incentives (remuneration), and describe the internal regime of the company.

Remember to follow the structure as in the example:

No. 5. How to issue a calculation of efficiency and possible risks?

In the penultimate sections, you need to give an objective assessment of the company's performance, show the expected prospects based on the estimate, balance sheet, profitability threshold, planned sales volume.

The developer of the business plan must write the payback period, NPV (net present value).

The best option would be to arrange this in a table, as in the example below:

Business risks should also be considered. Be sure to indicate in the plan what measures you will take if they occur to minimize them, which self-insurance program you will resort to.

Experienced business plan writers Special attention risks, moreover, consider the probability of the worst outcome. By making notes on how to eliminate the expected difficulties, you will make your work easier in the future. If there are losses and financial losses, you will already know how to compensate for them.

When this section of the business plan causes difficulties, they turn to experts for help.

Often, a SWOT analysis of a business is used for this purpose:

This is a method of identifying external / internal factors that affect business development.

Thanks to it, you will be able to evaluate:

• their weak sides(suppose the need to rent a building, unrecognizable brand),
• advantages (low price, high service, professional staff),
• designate opportunities (these include the availability of funds for the introduction of innovations, the use of modern equipment, coverage of a larger market segment, etc.).

And, ultimately, threats that you can't undo, such as:

• economic crisis,
• deterioration of the demographic situation,
• increase in customs duties,
• growing political tension,
• tough competition, etc.

If you provide a clear and justified algorithm for solving risks in the document, it is guaranteed that you can attract partners and creditors for your business.

15 tips for beginners to write a good business plan

very laborious and complex. In the process of its compilation, many questions will arise. For this reason, most beginners make mistakes.

To avoid them and make your business plan worthwhile, follow these guidelines:

Before you start writing, it is better to look at more than one example of a business plan.

Easy to find on the internet illustrative examples, and perhaps they will even relate to your line of work.

There is no need to “spill water”, thinking that the document is supposed to be voluminous.

The business plan should contain only important, realistic information that is of interest to investors and useful to you in doing business (as in the examples below).

1. Errors, corrections, misprints are strictly not allowed.
2. The business plan should reflect the ability of your enterprise to reach a higher level and the strengths of the management team.
3. When developing a business plan, one should not underestimate competition and possible difficulties.
4. If the information you want to display is subject to confidentiality, it should be skipped.

Don't rush the paperwork.

Such a plan would not have the desired effect on creditors. If you are compiling it for yourself, anyway, it should not look like a draft version.

Use more tables, graphs (as in the samples below).

Providing statistical data in this way makes the material more visual.

Market analysis is often inaccurate.

Therefore, responsibly approach the marketing section, collect all the necessary data.

Be sure to include competitive features in your business plan.

Throw out too abstruse expressions from the business plan, as well as those that are understood ambiguously and demonstrate your failure.

For example, “a product that has no analogues”, “under consideration”, “ease of implementation”, etc.

Keep track of all business expenses.

Lenders consider this column especially important. Therefore, they may have a lot of questions for you on such items as salaries for personnel, taxes, purchase of raw materials, etc.

Don't ignore risk considerations.

As already mentioned, this will serve as a protection against the problems encountered on the way to achieving the goals, as well as allow investors to see you as a serious, responsible entrepreneur.

5. Focus in the business plan not on the first profit, big earnings, but on a stable cash flow.

Don't forget to set time limits.

Any task has a deadline (quarter, year, several years).

If you are not sure that you can master the business plan on your own, even using the samples below, do not spare money on a specialist.

He understands this issue more than you, so he will draw up a document accurately, without technical, methodological and conceptual oversights that you can make without proper experience.

A detailed diagram of a quality business plan with explanations

you will find in this video:

Ready-made business plans (samples) for different areas of activity

The pharmaceutical business does not lose its relevance, because the need for medicines does not disappear. Furthermore, most of family budget, as a rule, goes to medicines.

Because of this, opening a pharmacy is a very profitable business.

Therefore, it makes sense to take a closer look at an example of the design of such a business plan in this sample: .

If you want to go into another area, consider opening a cafe.

There are quite a lot of similar establishments and the competition is strong. However, the demand for them is growing. If you take into account all the points of arrangement, you will offer healthy eating you are bound to succeed.

To properly draw up a document, check out a sample cafe business plan!

The male half of the population may be interested in the idea of ​​organizing a car service.

The owner of the service station will not be left without income if the activities for the repair and maintenance of vehicles are detailed with all the ensuing factors in the business plan.

It will be more pleasant for women to open a beauty salon.

We assure you that regardless of the number of beauty care establishments available, your "enterprise" in the beauty industry will be in demand. This is due to the fact that every client wants the salon to be at hand, and did not have to get to another block.

Representatives of the beautiful half of humanity can delve into trading activities and create a flower shop. The main advantage of the idea is a small starting capital.

This small business also requires planning. And although flower shops are not exactly popular in Russia, who knows, maybe you will change that.

To do this, you need to draw up a well-thought-out business plan (a sample of which you can study at this link).

The hotel business is a much more complex option, which involves taking into account many factors, especially marketing ones.

If you do not know what size of the room you need, what investments are needed, get the information of interest in the standard sample:
hotel business plan.

No less time-consuming is the process of implementing a project for farming. But in this case, you will have the opportunity to receive financial support and benefits from the state.

A good sample plan that can attract public investors, clearly demonstrates the goals, .

The implementation of any idea begins with a business plan. Without it, it is impossible to determine the necessary tasks, to understand the feasibility of investments and costs. Many businessmen needlessly ignore this fact and do not use this useful tool.

If you did not have experience in writing, any sample business plan given here will help you understand all the standards for drawing up, due to which you can easily set yourself a guideline for further action.

Useful article? Don't miss out on new ones!
Enter your e-mail and receive new articles by mail

The basis of any business ready business plan. It helps to avoid many mistakes in the creation and development of the company, allows you to convince investors of the feasibility of investing money, and assists in obtaining the necessary loans in banking institutions.

Such a document contains detailed calculations of the profitability of the future organization, the payback period of the project, the risks to which the company is exposed.

You can write a business plan yourself, spending time and money. However, most modern entrepreneurs prefer to use ready-made financial products that contain high-quality and useful information. Why?

Main features of a business plan

This document is the most important tool for the company, allowing you to choose promising directions and decide how to implement them. This is an execution and control guide to help you manage your case. A well-designed financial solution with detailed calculations performs several functions:

• strategic. It is used to develop business strategy. This is a key function in organizing an enterprise or in determining new directions for a company;
• investment. It is used to raise money. It is extremely difficult for modern firms to manage without credit resources. Therefore, this function allows you to determine the optimal sources financial resources find potential investors;
• planning. It is used to give a comprehensive assessment of the development of the enterprise being created, as well as to manage internal processes or a new direction of activity.

As a result, the business plan provides an opportunity for analysis, positioning, comprehensive assessment and control of the future activities of the company, the implementation of marketing courses, and the development of a personnel policy.

What are the advantages of ready-made documents? What is the benefit of buying a business plan from a company that develops and draws up business plans for different lines of business?

Advantages

Business plan - business card organizations. Using the work performed by qualified specialists turnkey solution, the future businessman saves time and money that would have to be spent on independently carrying out the activities, analyzes and calculations necessary to compile this document.

Moreover, such a study is not a guarantee of a successful start of the project. Among the advantages of using a full-fledged financial solution made by professionals, it is worth noting:

• time saving. Having a ready document in hand, an entrepreneur can get a clear idea of ​​​​the steps that need to be taken to achieve the goal. Thanks to the purchase of a ready-made business plan, you can overcome all the difficulties of a business with the support of professionals;
• effective means of persuasion. For sponsors and investors, this document is the main evidence of the viability of the idea of ​​the organized business, the potential of the enterprise to achieve a certain amount of income;
• competitor research. A well-written document will help evaluate competing companies, identify their strengths and weaknesses, determine a free niche that at this point in time can be occupied and firmly held, winning the favor of a potential audience;
• direction of travel. An effective and high-quality financial solution will help the company not only at the initial stage. At right approach it will allow the organization to constantly maintain the planned direction, making the necessary adjustments.

High-quality business plans are prepared by an experienced team of specialists with rich experience in a wide variety of fields. All materials are adapted for use in the Russian economy in the current environment.

The documents contain all the necessary calculations: the calculation of payback, economic efficiency, profitability and other equally significant indicators. Applications designed in tabular form will help you independently determine the required values. For example, to calculate the need for money for the purchase of specialized equipment until the period of time when these costs begin to pay off.

Features of use

A ready-made business plan is not only an opportunity to find an idea with calculations and recommendations for a wide variety of areas, but also advice on the main aspects of starting a business.

In this case, we are talking about the most popular questions of start-up entrepreneurs. What form of ownership to choose for the organization. What to look for when hiring professionals. What system of taxation to give preference.

Today, many specialized organizations offer to purchase full-fledged ready-made business plans. Moreover, the prices vary widely. How to choose a supplier of such a solution?

In this case, it is necessary that the proposed business plan contains not only general information, but also detailed calculations for all the main activities of the future enterprise. Competent suppliers of ready-made business plans calculate such expenses as, for example, the cost of social contributions for employees, tax optimization, transfer of taxes and fees to the state.

The more complete the business plan is, the more effective and efficient the activity of the future entrepreneur will be. Don't skimp on this document. After all, he is the main assistant in conducting market analysis.

It is he who summarizes the analysis of opportunities for starting or expanding a business in modern conditions, contains a structured description of all activities of the future company.

By purchasing a business plan, an entrepreneur receives not only a comprehensive analysis of the main problems that he may encounter when organizing his activities, but also ways to solve them. The benefit of using the finished document is obvious!

Where to download a ready-made business plan with calculations

You can choose the solution that suits you among a large number of destinations offered by our partner Biplan (

How to write a business plan correctly? We share recommendations convenient ways, samples and calculations.

Business plan is the document from which the implementation must begin. If you do not first calculate the costs and incomes, do not take into account the demand and the presence of existing competitors, you can waste your budget. In our article, you will find a sample business plan with calculations and learn how to prepare it for yourself.

But when the development of a business plan for a small business is needed specifically for investors, guarantors, creditors, then the document must comply with the requirements of the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business. You can learn how to draw up a business plan in accordance with these requirements from, and short structure Let's take a look at the plan here.

The structure of the business plan from the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business:

If you follow all the recommendations of the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business, then it is quite difficult to draw up your own business plan on your own. But there is another way to calculate the prospects for your project - using the SME Business Navigator.

How to write a business plan yourself

If you decide to open such a store, you will need to find the missing amount of 1.7 million rubles. Of course, you can take out a loan, especially since Business Navigator offers you to choose one of the partner banks. However, we should not forget that such interest-bearing borrowed funds increase the cost of the project and extend its payback period. We need to weigh carefully whether it is worth it.

If you do not want to attract additional funds to the project, especially borrowed funds, the navigator will offer you to select the type of business by the amount of investment. We go to the appropriate tab and see an extensive list of projects that you can start using only your own funds. It remains only to choose a few areas of interest to you and calculate their payback.

Now you know how to make a business plan with calculations for a small business in a specific situation. On the Internet you will find many more techniques for writing and compiling business plans, samples for different businesses(coffee shop, car service, beauty salon, etc.). But remember - you need a business plan for your specific business, individual, and no one has written one for you yet. Here in this video briefly and succinctly “on the fingers of a milling machine” it is told how to do this:

Only important information for small businesses in our mailing list - subscribe: