To combat locust use. Is it possible to defeat locally? A couple of words about migratory "Asians"

Fighting locust is carried out over the centuries. Insects are distinguished by an excellent appetite and eat decorative and cultural plants. The greatest threat to agricultural land represents of locusts, capable of destroying the whole field in a matter of hours. In Russia, in the period of invasions, all residents of the provinces went to the fight against insects. Armed with ratchets, saucepans and everything that has published loud sounds, distilled off the flyers from the fields, without giving them to sit on the ground.

Interesting! A. With Pushkin, it was witnessing a witness to one of the migrations of locust, which he was short report: "May 23 - I flew, 24 - villages, 25 - I ate everything, 26 flew away."

Modern measures of the struggle have undergone many changes, thanks to which destroying locusts on its panstone It became quite real.

What a pest looks like

Before dealing with locust, you should figure out how it looks and what is her features. Often daccias kill innocuous and healthy grasshoppers, taking them for locust.

How to distinguish grasshopper from locust

Indeed, both insects are very similar and it is possible to distinguish them only by several details:

• the grasshopper mustache, the front paws are much longer than the locust;
• in the female individual of the grasshopper at the end of the abdomen there is a peculiar protrusion resembling a saber;
• the locust is active in the afternoon, grasshoppers, on the contrary, in the evening and night;
• grasshopper - a predator and its diet turns on small insects, locust - pure vegan and except vegetable food does not use anything.

The locust body is longer and narrow, low-lining head with a square muzzle without explicit signs of aggression. The grasshopper has a head of mobility, a muzzle with a narrow jaw and a predatory expression. But it is possible to compare and compare such minor nuances, you can only keep 2 representatives in your hands, and when he is alone - it is much more difficult to recognize it.

On a note! The most important difference between locusts from grasshopper - short mustache and skill fly in adulthood.

Appearance of locust

A family of locust numbers about 10,000 species, about 400 species live in the post-Soviet space. The most common of them:

• siberian mare;
• migratory Asian locust;
• pruss Italian.

Length Laying locust 20 times more than its dimensions

Insect length depending on the type and age varies in the range from 2 cm to 10 cm. The biggest individuals can boast of 20 cm. It lives almost everywhere, with the exception of Antarctica and the Arctic. The color is very volatile and is often determined by the living conditions of the locust. In the European strip there are mainly individuals of gray, green, olive color.

If the insect leads a settling single lifestyle, then a masking color that does not stand out against the background of habitat.

After the locust became a member of the flock, it acquires the same color as the other participants of the "community". Interestingly, being in the flock, the person increases in size and its behavior changes.

Lifestyle

At the end of the spring from eggs appear larvae of locusts. Size of adults are distinguished by dimensions, underdeveloped wings, unformed genital organs. The young begins to actively eat, while not characterized by special intelligence and eats any parts of the plants, including roots.

As the larva, the larva, the locusts undergo several lines. The entire period from the hatched larvae to Imago is 35-45 days. An adult individual is characterized by good flight qualities. In search of a feed base moves at a speed of 10 km / h and over the day overcomes the distance to 100 km.

The eggs are very peculiar. Spreading the Earth Egglades, it lowers the belly in the ground and 50-100 eggs are placed in the resulting fifth. Through a special gland, covers them with a foaming mucus, which fills all empties between the eggs, freezes and forms a cube. In such a state, embryos winter. The female after laying eggs dies.

Interesting! There are cases when on an area of \u200b\u200b1 square. M was up to 2000 cubes.

Harm saranches

Knowing what serious consequences of insect bites, it becomes quite a logical question, whether locusts are dangerous for a person. Unlike his fellow grasshopper, the locust is not able to bite. But here harm it hurts. For locusts, it is characteristic of making creaking sounds that resemble a crackle. Even with a small number of individuals on the section, the noise is a fair, which annoys both human and animals. As a result, the latter begin to show concern.

But still chief factorThan dangerous locust is the destruction of the crop. In the priority of cereals, melting cultures. From the plants there is no trace, the locust devourses them from the roots to the tips of the leaves.

Insect of all ages laid the old reflex. It is worth it only to see themselves like they begin to unite. For favorable conditions, good feed base Rapidly multiply and in the end, a powerful flock is formed. Its number can be calculated by thousands, millions and even billion of individuals. Such a horde destroys everything on its path, leaving the wasteland from the blooming fields. Insects eaten grape plantations, grain and vegetable fields, straw roofs of houses, reeds, fruit Gardens. Interestingly, during long-term migrations in a flock, cannibalism is not bent. Weakening the female tribes immediately absorbs.

The most powerful suarch attack over the past 30 years in Russia was recorded in 2015. Haling of malicious insects destroyed 30 thousand hectares in Bashkiria, 10 thousand in Chechnya, 35 thousand in Astrakhan region. Suffered Stavropol I. Orenburg region. The total area of \u200b\u200bdamaged land is equal to the territory of Romania.

According to some specialists, the temperature above 28 ° C causes Asian locust to be activated, inhabitants in the Crimea and in the Caucasus. Suffering from lack of moisture, individuals try to fill it, thereby destroying vegetation. If a global warming It will continue at the same speed as now, after 30-40 years, the hordes of the Saransch will get to Karelia.

Ways to deal with locust

Methods, how to deal with locust, people are inherent over the Millennium. Primitive methods were reduced to the remaptation of insects, for which they were driven into special ditches and produced large cattle. Also scattered poisonous baits impregnated with arsenic. In the era of the USSR, the foci of infection was processed by aviation with potent chemicals, which ultimately led to significant decrease population. As a result of such actions, the soils on which treatment was carried out, became unsuitable.

Now such ways to deal with locust are practically not applied. In addition, as a result of research and practical experience, it was found that insecticides are practically useless for locust. It is possible that for many years she took, they developed resistance to chemical compoundswhich is transmitted from generation to generation.

In 2012, biologists seem to have found a way to get rid of locust. Dimilin hormonal drug was tested. The remedy has a deepent influence only on rectal, which refers to the locust. An important advantage was that the drug enveloped the leaves with a thin wax film and retained its efficiency for 30 days.

However, agronomists considered, such a way of struggle with the help of Dimilina is irrational, laborious and expensive. Since it would have to carry out treatment several times - from locusts by one tool, from other pests to others.

In 2015, during the invasion of the Astrakhan region, another means for the destruction of locust were tested. There are many pathogenic organisms that provide negative influence on locust, Colorado Beetle, Tlya. But under action sunlight, temperatures they quickly destroy.

Researchers placed them in microcapsules, inside which there is a necessary nutrient supply for mushroom strains, and the shell reliably protects from external influence. As a result of the experiments carried out, mortality among locusts occurred in 90%, and the harvest was not subjected to pest attacks for a month. When the drug is patented and "turns out" by the relevant documents, it is possible that humanity will receive effective tool To combat the invasions of locust. Another question is that its price will not be cheap. The microcapsulation process increases the cost of the product several times.

How to destroy locust in the garden

As long as researchers are corrupt in laboratories, locusts do not sleep. And if you can cope with the invasion of a multi-million flock, the ordinary girlfriend is not under the power, by the eradication of the rare settlers it may well.

Memo, how to deal with locust:

• Having found an adult individual or egg layout immediately destroying it mechanically.
• Deeply piercing the soil at the end of the summer to find and neutralize the locust cubes. In the same period, you can burn out vegetable residues, Stern. This will eliminate locust eggs that are on the surface of the soil. But as a rule, most of the cubes are at a depth of 5-7 cm, so burning will not help completely get rid of the eggs.
• Chemical processing of the soil is most effective before the seed seeds, plant disembarking. To do this, use means from a group of pyreroids: "Taran", "Caesar", "Karate", "Fastak". The working solution is prepared in accordance with the instructions. If the processing is carried out at the end of May, June, when the larvae of locusts 2 or 3 of age, phosphorganic drugs are additionally added to the solution.
• In the period of invasions to protect plants, use means based on imidacloprid: "Image", "Tanker".
• Late in the fall is carried out agrotechnical measures, including patching, cultivation.

For the fight against locust, natural enemies involve: reptiles, beetles, birds, birds.

Thyme or chabret? And maybe cheb or bogorodskaya grass? How correct? And correctly, in any way, because under these names "passes" the same plant, more precisely, one genus of plants from the Casnot's family. There are many other popular names associated with the amazing property of this semi-stationist a large number of fragrant substances. On the cultivation of thyme and its use in the design of the garden and cooking will we are talking in this article.

Favorite sensipolia possess not only a special appearance, but also a very specific character. The cultivation of this plant little resembles classic care for indoor crops. And even relatives of Uzambar violets from the number of heesnery require several other approaches. Watering is often called the most "strange" point of care for violets, which prefer non-standard watering by classical method. But a change approach will have to feed fertilizers.

Useful, hardy, unpretentious and simple velvets in cultivation are indispensable. These seals have long been from urban flower beds and classic flower beds moved to original compositions, decorated the beds and potted gardens. The velvets with their easily recognizable yellow-orange-brown colors and even more inimage fragrances today are capable of surprising and their diversity. First, among the velvets there are both high and miniature plants.

The system for protecting fruit and berry plantations is based on the use of mainly pesticides. However, if pesticides can be applied in the protection of seedic gardens during almost the entire growing season, taking into account the waiting time for each drug, then in the protection of berry crops, they can only be used before the phase of flowering and after harvesting. In this regard, the question arises which drugs should be applied during this period to suppress pests and pathogens.

Our grandmothers, grown with a strawberry garden, or strawberries, as we used to call it, not particularly worried about mulching. But today, this agroprium has become fundamental in achieving high quality berries and reduce crop losses. Someone can say that it is troublesome. But practice shows that labor costs in this case Paying for a hundredfold. In this article, we suggest you would like to meet the nine best Materials For mulching garden strawberries.

Succulents are very diverse. Despite the fact that more fashionable always considered "kids", to the assortment of succulents, with which you can decorate modern interior, It is worth looking attentively. After all, the sizes, sizes, patterns, the degree of thoroughness, the effect on the interior is only a few of the parameters for which you can choose. In this article, we will tell about the five most fashionable succulents, which in an amazing way transform modern interiors.

Biscuit cake with chocolate cream is light, fluffy and air, with delicate sweet cream based on milk powder, cocoa and cream. It will take quite a bit of time to prepare this dessert, and the products are simple, inexpensive and affordable. Homemade Cupcakes K. evening tea - Pleasant and cozy moments of life that can organize any mistress for his family or friends-girlfriends. Coconut chips in this recipe can be replaced with fried walnuts.

It often happens that chemical insecticides, especially those who have long been presented on the market, cease to act on pests due to the development of resistance (sustainability) to the active substance, and then biological drugs can come to the aid, which, by the way, have a number of benefits. In this article you will learn, due to which the lepyocid facility will protect vegetable, berry, decorative and fruit cultures from leaf-making pests.

Mint used the Egyptians for another 1.5 thousand years before our era. It is distinguished by a strong aroma due to the large content of various essential oilshaving high volatility. Today, mint is used in medicine, perfumery, cosmetology, winemaking, cooking, in decorative gardening, in the confectionery industry. In this article, consider the most interesting varieties Mint, as well as tell about the peculiarities of growing this plant in the open soil.

People began to grow crocuses for 500 years before the onset of our era. Although the presence of these colors in the garden is fleeting, we are always looking forward to the return of spring of spring next year. Crocuses are one of the earliest primroses, whose flowering begins, as soon as snow comes. However, flowering time may differ depending on species and varieties. This article is devoted to the earliest varieties of crocuses that bloom at the end of March-early April.

Soup from the early young cabbage on the beef broth - satisfying, fragrant and simple cooking. In this recipe you will learn how to cook delicious beef broth and make light soup on this broth. Early cabbage is boiled quickly, so it is put in a pan simultaneously with the rest of the vegetables, unlike the autumn cabbage, which is preparing somewhat longer. Ready soup can be stored in the refrigerator a few days. Turning sch are tastier just cooked.

Blueberry - low-prolonged promising berry culture in the gardens. Blueberry berries are the source of biologically active substances and vitamins, possess anti-cutting, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, well-fascinating properties. Berries contain vitamins C, E, A, flavonoids, anthocyans, microelements - zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, as well as plant hormones - phytoestrogens. Blueberry berry flavor is reminiscent of a mixture of grapes and blueberries.

Looking at the variety of tomato varieties, it is difficult not to be confused - the choice is very wide today. Even experienced Gorodnikov He is sometimes confused! However, to understand the basics of the selection of varieties "for themselves" is not difficult. The main thing is in particular culture and start experimenting. One of the easiest to grow groups of tomatoes is grades and hybrids with limited growth. They always appreciated by the gardeners who do not have a lot of strength and time to care for the beds.

Once very popular under the name of indoor nettle, and then forgotten, the coles today are one of the brightest garden and indoor plants. They are not in vain are considered the stars of the first magnitude for those who are looking for above all non-standard colors. Simple in cultivation, but not so comprehensive to approach everything, the cakes require constant control. But if you care about them, bushes from velvety unique leaves easily eclipse any competitor.

Baked salmon ridge in olive herbs - "Supplier" delicious pieces Fish pulp for light salat With fresh leafs of the abraise. Champignons slightly roasted in olive oiland then watered with apple vinegar. Such mushrooms are tastier than ordinary marinas, and they are better suited for baked fish. The shortcut and fresh dill get along perfectly in one salad, emphasizing each other's fragrance. Garlic acuteness of the abrade is impregnated and the flesh of salmon, and pieces of mushrooms.

Class: Insects - Insecta.

Squad: Straight - Orthoptera.

Family: Real locust - Acrididae.

Rod: – Locusta.

Sarangea Map or Sarangea Asian(Locusta Migratoria L.) - Multicore pest, found in Asia, North Africa and in the south of Europe.

Morphology of locusts passionate

The insect is large, has a body of 30-50 mm, females are slightly larger - 45-55 mm. Body color Buro-green, gray-green, brown-olive. Overcrowders are oblong, narrow, with a yellow tint or green in frequent dark spots or points. Wings are fan-shaped, wide, with green or yellow tint, the edge of the wings is darkened, and on top they are colorless. Chest covered with light hairs.

There are two phases - single and herd. In a single phase, which is common in the northern areas of the range, the conntion does not have in the middle of the halter, the average keel is arcuate and high. The rapid form living in the southern regions of the range, the pride saddot, the average keel is bent or straight. Kubashka is a mild or straight, large sizes (up to 85 mm long and up to 10 mm in diameter). A cube is a column of a light pink secret, in which the female lays eggs. In each cube of 40-120 eggs yellow color, 7-8 mm, thin, squeezed from both ends. Eggs are located four longitudinal rows, at an angle of 40-45 ° to the wall of the cube. After the tab, the upper side of the cube is in the soil at a depth of 5-7 cm.

Asian Saransk Life Cycle

Winter in the pest in the stage of the egg in Kubashka. In May, the larvae goes out of eggs in a white film, after a couple of hours they are darker and begin to eat vegetation. The larva in its development passes five ages, in each of which they differ in the degree of development of wing gear and in the number of segments on the antennas. The adult focus of locusts is actively powered and after 30-40 days after mating, the female of the locusts migrate begins to lay eggs. Each female on average lays out three cubes (up to 350 eggs). Imago dies in October.

The greatest activity of locusts falls on the morning and evening.

As mentioned earlier, the Asian locust has a herd and solitary phase. With the racial phase, the larvae is combined and forming clusters, called the Kuligami. During the years of mass reproduction, Kuligi can occupy huge areas, to a pair of thousands of hectares, and fly over long distances, up to 50 km, while the locust eats everything in its path, often leaving empty pastures and fields behind them. Imago locusts migrate, uniting in flocks, can fly up to 300 km away, and with a strong passing wind and up to 1000 km.

Flashing with mass reproduction of locust lasts for several years. On average, the interval between the peaks of the number is 10-15 years.

Saranscha is very dangerous pestSince the larvae, and imago grossly eat leaves, stems and generative organs than completely can destroy the plants. One part of the locust can eat up to 500 g of green mass of plants.

Number of pests B. for different years Reduce different pathogens of diseases that affect eggs in cubes, and entomophages that destroy the larvae and Imago.

Methods for protection against locust migratory

The agrotechnical and organizational and economic methods of struggle can be attributed to the autumn deep plowing, which will help get rid of the wintering form. It is also necessary to reduce the possible places of laying of eggs, that is, to master the cinema, to extract forest belts, fight weeds not only on the field, but also beyond, get rid of plant residues.

Chemical method of combating locust migratory

The processing of large areas is carried out using aviation, 20-30 minutes before sunrise, if the wind speed does not exceed 3 m / s. With evening pollination, less efficiency is traced.

To combat single phase, locust use poisoned bait. For their preparation, horse or sheep dung needed, as bait, 12% hexahloran dryer with a calculation of 200-400 g and 5-10 liters of water by 10 kg of manure. You can make bait using aviation, machinery or manually.

Chemical preparations can be struggling with the pest regardless of the time of year (from spring and to autumn), but it is more effective to carry out insecticide processing insecticides to crop crops. The second time the procedure is repeated with the massive invasion of the pest.

Effective in the fight against locust migrate are insecticides of a group of synthetic pyrethroids: Fastak, Karate Zeon, Tsunami, Arrivo, Gladiator, Taran and others. When protecting against locusts, they take maximum dosages allowed by the instructions of the drugs.

If there are larvae of older ages, phosphorodorganic insecticides (fufanon, in an amount of 50% of the maximum dosage) is recommended to add phosphorganic insecticides.

In the invasion of locusts, the most effective are preparations based on imidacloprid - confident, tanker, image. They protect crops from pests for several weeks.

Dimilin (active ingredient DIFLUBENZURON 250 g / kg, wetting powder).

The uniqueness of this insecticide consists in a special mechanism of action, it inhibits the growth of insects - stops the process of formation of chitin in the body of the larva, as a result, the process of the molt is disturbed and the pest death is disturbed.

The advantages of this drug are low toxicity for humans, warm-blooded animals and useful entomophane; rapid decomposition in water and soil; a long period Faith (up to 40 days).

To protect against locust insecticide, they contribute when the pest is in the stage of development of the larvae. The norm of applying the drug 0.14 kg / ha. Used in pastures, territories with wild vegetation, gardens and forest belts.

Locust migratory postphes eggs photo

Locust video

Sarangea is the herd insect of the detachment of rectal families of real locusts. The locust is similar to the grasshopper, flying in large masses and destroys crops and vegetation.

The largest danger in Russia from the family of locusts represent Asian locusts and Prussa Italian.
Asian locust - large insect, up to 6 cm long; Coloring is a grayish or olive-buoy, in small spots. Permanent nests asian locust are in low-level low large riverslike Volga, Ural, Don, Terek.

Asian locust larvae, the most voracious and most common in the south of Russia, are born from eggs in the first half of May, and after 35-40 days there is a "outstanding" when the stars of the larvae of locusts, the so-called Kuligi begin their devastating raids.

The speed of the movement of the Kuligi depends on the age of the larvae: in the third and fourth ages it reaches 6 7 meters per minute, in the fifth - up to 10-12 meters. A flock of adult locust flies at a speed of 10 15 kilometers per hour and per day can overcome a distance of up to 120 kilometers. At the same time, the Kuligi can even be transferred through full-flowed rivers. Each such a grasshopper devours for a short life of 300 g of green feed. The flocks of this insect within 1-2 hours can destroy hundreds and thousands of hectares of crops. The favorite food of Asian locust is cultural and wild cereals. The older the locust, it becomes more multiple and, in addition to cereals, can apply great damage to the cabbage, Bakhchev, sunflower and other plants.

On the Middle Volga region, in the south of the European part and in Western Siberia. Italian spruce is widespread (in the Italian pond of the hip with inner Pink with 2 incomplete black dressings, pink or red shin). The Italian Pruss is most dangerous in the zone of irrigation agriculture, where mainly harms technical cultures.

Another no less common area of \u200b\u200blocust - locust Moroccan (reaches a length of 22-38 mm; reddish-yellow, with dark stains, a bright cross-shaped pattern on the front back, pinkish or yellowish hips and red legs rear legs).
Moroccan locust damages many plants, but especially harmful cotton, bread cereals, alfalfa, garden and bakhchev cultures. It has been established that the main condition that is conducive to its mass reproduction is the fallback of spring sediments in the amount of about 100 mm during the development of overwhelming eggs and from the birth of larvae.

In 2008, due to the invasion of the locust in Russia, a state of emergency was introduced in a number of areas of the Volgograd region, the Stavropol Territory, Kabardino-Balkaria, the Astrakhan region, Kalmykia, Dagestan and the Chechen Republic were also undergone.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation as of June 17, 2009 in the Southern Federal District, large foci of locusts have been identified by 330.9 thousand hectares. A particularly serious situation was formed in the Astrakhan region - 50 thousand hectares of agricultural and nine of the eleven districts of the Astrakhan region were subjected to the invasion of the locusts in nine of the eleven districts of the Astrakhan region, the emergency was introduced in the region.

In connection with the spread of locust pests, a mode of increased readiness in Dagestan and Kalmykia was introduced, in a number of areas of the Volgograd region.

The invasion of locusts is considered one of the most severe agricultural catastrophes comparable to natural Disaster. Gathering in flocks, locust in search of food per day can move at a distance of more than 30 km. In its path, the insects devastate farmland, drinking almost all plants to the stem and roots, leaving only the Earth. By destroying everything that grows, the locust flies to another place.

In periods of mass reproduction, the number of individuals reaches several hundred and even thousands of one square meter.

To combat locust, several ways are used, some of which are completely harmless from an ecological point of view. Mechanical damage (for example, a heavy object) is highly ecological, so and ineffectively at large insect clusters, and therefore in industrial volumes it is not applicable. Agrotechnical way to fight - harrowing, cultivation, impact - applied, as a rule, in the fall. The most efficient and operational in our time is chemical method - Processing of farmland by pesticides.

At the same time, all protective measures must be carried out until the locust is in the phase of the larvae, since in the adult phase these pests become resistant to pesticides.

Material prepared on the basis of open sources information

For a long history of agriculture, a person learned to cope with almost all pest insects. That only does not go to move: and ingenious traps, and various vegetable chambers and infusions, and a wide arsenal chemical preparations. But despite this, and today the pests remained, the battle with which it often ends not in favor of a person. One of them is all-living locust, the attack of which can be compared with a full-fledged natural disaster. On the peculiarities of the life of the locust and the main ways to combat it, we will talk today.

Is the locust dangerous?

The representative of the family of straight broken, locust, externally, very similar to the ordinary grasshopper, differing from it larger sizes (from 3.5 to 6.5 cm) and the presence of wings in adult individuals. The larvae will get out of eggs in May, and about one hundred individuals leave from one masonry (Cubia). From an adult insect, larvae is distinguished by the underdeveloped wings and the absence of genital organs. Young locust snakes the surrounding greens, and when it ends, places the wings and begins to migrate. At the same time, it moves into huge flocks that can reach several kilometers in length. Moving in search of food, the packs of locusts almost in a matter of minutes destroy the root not only the young piglery, but also adult trees and shrubs.

How to deal with locust in the country?

Although for many residents of Russia and Ukraine, locusts are a fairly rare guest, but the essential warming of the climate leads to the fact that its distribution is significantly expanding. Most often on dumart sites Single individuals are found, which can be simply assembled manually. In regions where the invasions of the locust are not at all uncommon, the following are used. folk Methods Fight with her:

Do not do in the fight against locust and without chemical weapons. Caesar preparations, Fastak, Gladiator, Karate Zeon, Arrivo, Taran are recommended to be used during the Spring Packet of the Earth. In the midst of the attack, it is possible to fight a misfortune with the help of the "Concedinal", "Tanker" or "Imija".