How to insert a plastic window in a wooden house: recommendations and video. Installation of windows in a wooden house Double-glazed windows in a wooden house

Installation of plastic windows in old wooden house can be performed according to standard instructions for such work. However, old houses have one feature that can be considered a big advantage over newly built houses - an old house no longer shrinks. In this case, there is no need for large gaps that are left for shrinkage of new houses.

Sequence of work:

• Preparatory stage - dismantling the old window, adjusting the size of the opening for the new window;
• Manufacturing of casing
• Window installation

Preparatory work

If the house is old, then most likely the old windows were made of wood. Such windows are dismantled using a crowbar. If necessary, the old window is sawn. The doorway is completely cleared and inspected to determine the condition of the logs.

Important! If the house is old, then when windows were first installed, most likely, the window opening was not treated with antiseptic impregnations, which protect the wood from rot and bugs.

Old casing in doorway usually not suitable for a new window - it is either damaged or does not correspond to the size of a new window of the desired size - about 2 cm are left between the window frame and the casing on each side. If you use old casing, the window may turn out to be too small. Therefore, the old opening is expanded taking into account the size of the new plastic window.

New opening dimensions:

• Width - 220 mm is added to the width of the plastic window, which takes into account the thickness of the new casing beams (2 * 100 mm), the gaps between the frame and casing are 20 mm on each side, 15 mm on each side for jute insulation. The allowance is reduced by 50 mm due to the insertion of the tenons of the side openings of the window into the casing beams;
• Height - 245 mm is added to the height of the window for installation gaps under the frame and above the window frame, the thickness of the casing beams is taken into account. For an old house, they do not make a gap for shrinkage above the top beam of the casing.

Attention! If there are even slight doubts about the possibility of shrinkage of the house, then it is better to leave a small gap of about 45 mm above the upper beam of casing to compensate for possible shrinkage.

Manufacturing of casing

The casing must be installed even if the house no longer shrinks at all. The casing is needed to fix the linear dimensions of the opening.

Attention! For casing, use only well-dried wood that will not shrink.

Tenons are cut out at the end of the logs on the side parts of the window opening, and recesses are cut out in the side beams of the casing, the size of which exactly matches the size of the tenon.

After trying on the beams, the opening is treated with an antiseptic impregnation and before laying the casing beams, a jute seal is secured with a stapler.

The casing beam is laid on the lower part of the opening with a sealant, then on the upper part of the opening. The side casing bars are installed last.

Before installing the side bars, sealant is applied to the joint. All gaps that were left above and below the casing are sealed with tow.

Although the installation PVC windows in a wooden house - the process is quite labor-intensive; you can install windows without the involvement of specialists, doing all the work yourself. To do this, you must strictly follow the developed technology step by step, and then everything will definitely work out.

Carrying out preliminary work

Like any other work, window installation is carried out in several stages. Therefore, before proceeding with the installation of the ordered window, you need to complete preparatory work which include the following processes:

• dismantling a window that has served its purpose;
• removing all contaminants from the surface of the window opening.

When dismantling an old window, it is important to try to do everything in order to preserve wooden walls whole. After the dismantling of the window is completed, we collect all the old parts and take them out of the room so that they do not interfere with us during the work.

Using a rag, we remove all dirt from the window frame, only after this can we begin to take measurements of the window opening. To do this, using a tape measure, makes linear measurements of the vertical surface of the window opening and its horizontal surface. In order not to keep the obtained data in our heads, we will draw a diagram of the window on paper and plot the obtained measurement data on it. How accurately you were able to determine the dimensions of the window, its width and length will directly determine how long and efficiently it will serve you.

If the opening has distorted contour shapes, when creating a diagram it is worth following the geometrically correct shape and focusing on the right angles of the structure. To even out any distortions in the window outline, you can use materials such as sealant or putty.

After all measurements have been taken and all work on preparing the opening has been completed, you can place an order for the manufacture of the window. Innovative technologies today make it possible to create completely new PVC windows various colors. The customer himself can always choose the location of the window sashes.

How to install windows in a wooden house

If you look at it, installing a PVC window in a wooden house is practically no different from the process of installing a window in a standard window opening. As soon as the finished window is delivered by the manufacturer, we begin its installation.

For installation work, you will definitely need tools, as well as certain materials for fastening. The process of installing a PVC window is quite labor-intensive, so it is worth involving an assistant in the work, because it will be quite difficult to do it alone. Installing a window is not an easy task, and the window itself is a rather heavy structure, which will be very difficult to lift by yourself.

Advantages of plastic windows

If you need a ready-made structure from a frame and a double-glazed window, this is a plastic window. Besides, ready-made designs are already completely ready for installation. A correctly installed plastic window provides the opportunity significant savings on energy resources and heating the room, moreover, it allows you to forget forever about the noise that comes from ordinary windows into the room.

In addition, modern plastic windows They have an attractive appearance, they require minimal maintenance, and such windows do not swell or deteriorate from moisture, even after several years of service. However, in order to be able to appreciate all the benefits of installing just such windows, it is necessary to install them correctly.

What are the features of window installation?

If the installation is carried out in violation of the technology, this will subsequently cause the window frame to become distorted and the level of its tightness to be compromised. And in order to correct all the shortcomings and mistakes made, it will take a lot of time, effort and money.

Installing a window in a wooden house has a number of features. Known fact, What wooden buildings are in constant motion. After several years of operation, such a house may shrink. To make such changes in design wooden house did not have a detrimental effect on the shape of the window frame; it should be installed only after the frame has been installed.

The pigtail is a special design, the main purpose of which is to hold the weight and the entire load from load-bearing walls. Installing a frame will relieve the load on the window frame and preserve the original shape of the window frame without deformation or distortion.

Okosyachki: what types exist

The pigtail can be simple, or it can be made and take a more complicated form. To make a simple form of frame, cut out grooves at the end of the window opening into which we insert and hammer the bars.

A more complex design of the window frame involves sawing out a special ridge in the window opening, which serves as a fastening for the carriage. A more complex design requires additional costs, but provides more high level reliability, preventing deviations of the window frame.

How to make a pigtail

In a wooden house, PVC windows are installed only after the frame has been made. We will need a beam measuring 100 by 150 millimeters. Using a chisel, we make a groove whose width is no more than 50 millimeters. Using a circular chainsaw, we make longitudinal cuts, which, if necessary, can be completed using a chisel. It is important to use a level in your work to prevent distortion.

After the grooves are ready, we install the risers and form an opening between the installed risers. When installing risers, you should also use a level.

When installing a window, be sure to ensure that the gap between the riser and the frame is not less than 10 centimeters - this will ensure the convenience of installing the top beam. Using dowels, we secure the installed timber, and seal the resulting gaps using jute. Now that the pigtail is ready, you can begin the process of installing a plastic window.

We install windows ourselves

In the work it is necessary to use special fasteners that will ensure reliable fastening frames Such fastenings are equipped with special slides. The installation process will not be so labor-intensive if the window sashes are removed from their hinges before installation; you just need to remove the pin, so the frame will become much lighter and it will be easier to install.

We use a level to install the window frame with perfectly tested accuracy. Using fasteners, we fix the self-made pigtail to the surface. We must leave a gap at the bottom of the structure; to do this, we place a wedge under the frame, which can be removed after the gap is formed.

Having installed the frame and secured it to the frame, we install it in place earlier removed sashes windows, and process the gap formed with the help of a wedge, filling it polyurethane foam.

It is clear that installing a PVC window in a wooden house has a number of difficulties and nuances, but it is quite possible to do it yourself if you strictly follow all the steps.

Video installation of PVC windows in a wooden house

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Self-installation of a window structure allows you to save money, but incorrect work only increases costs in the future. There is a special technology for houses made of wood PVC installation windows

Advantages and disadvantages of PVC structures

Installation requires a person to have special skills and knowledge; if they do not have those, then it is better to study the topic in detail. The best system fixation is a tenon-groove, it is this that allows you to avoid deformation when the wood shrinks, which has a Negative influence on the performance properties of metal-plastic window structures. New buildings are more susceptible to shrinkage, but even in houses built a long time ago, shrinkage can occur.

Professionals note that a wooden house sags by an average of 20 mm per year. It is not so easy to determine this with the naked eye, but by looking at the window design it is very easy.

It is rare, but it happens that for several years no deformation occurs, and then under the influence of the environment the distortion becomes visible. To prevent this from happening in a wooden house, casing must be done before installing the window. This is a very complex and painstaking process, but it cannot be excluded. If you carry out the installation, as in brick house, you will need constant adjustment of the fittings in the window structure. Plastic structures have many advantages, which is why they are in great demand on the market. Among them it is worth highlighting the following:

• low operating costs, since such a window does not need to be painted or treated against insects;
• durability of the material, which is resistant to temperature changes environment, it is not affected by ultraviolet radiation, does not corrode and does not rot;
• good frame rigidity;
• fire safety;
• no cracking or warping.

All these advantages make the window design suitable for all regions of our country. PVC copes well with the tasks set both in the south and in the north. But, like any material, polyvinyl chloride has disadvantages, since it is far from ideal. Among them are the following:

• the inability to maintain the required level of humidity in the house, since such structures are completely sealed;
• such a window cannot be repaired if the surface is damaged;
• there is always a lot of dust on plastic because it attracts it with static electricity;
• the material has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, so the places where the plastic is adjacent to the wall are often damaged;
• Wood has better sound and heat insulation than plastic.

Important nuances

Installing plastic structures in a wooden house has its own characteristics. It doesn’t matter whether such windows are installed in timber or log house, technology must be strictly followed. When installing a plastic window, it is worth remembering that wood shrinkage is the cause additional pressure on the frame. This is one of the reasons why casing cannot be done without.

It is not always a good idea to use polyurethane foam in the space between the top strip of the window and the wall, since it becomes quite rigid when it dries and also creates unnecessary pressure on the structure. In this case, all the benefits of casing are nullified.

If you do not take into account the gap between the frame and the wall, having calculated the incorrect dimensions of the window, you will have to increase the opening, since it will not be installed without negative consequences a window that is too large will not work. After foaming the gaps from the outside, it is better to install PSUL tape; it will not only protect from ultraviolet rays, but also from moisture.

Polyurethane foam, for all its advantages, quickly degrades and loses its properties if it is not protected. Inside a timber dacha, this must be done using a vapor barrier, and waterproofing will help on the outside. Most window distortions occur when it is not installed level. Fittings in this design fail twice as quickly and require replacement.

We must not forget about the cold zone, in which the window begins to freeze from the side of the slopes, and condensation appears inside.

Manufacturers emphasize the tightness of PVC structures and excellent noise insulation as one of the main advantages of windows of this type. In fact, the wooden frame has natural ventilation, due to which the level of humidity in the room does not increase, the same cannot be said about PVC windows.

During their installation, in order to eliminate problems with condensation in the future, you need to install ventilation yourself, and if there are no special holes, you will have to try hard.

The situation is greatly simplified by supply valves, which are special profiles installed on a plastic window.

I can't help but be pleased with the ease of installation. The user will need to remove the seal already present in the window structure and place the valve on the sash. It can be easily secured with self-tapping screws, but you will need to think through the exhaust hole, otherwise the system will be of no use.

No one will be happy that companies that install plastic structures in a wooden house do not guarantee their work, since they cannot fully predict the behavior of PVC. Even if you comply with all norms and requirements, there is no guarantee that after several years of operation the window will not stop working.

Manufacturing of casing

Only the casing protects the window structure in the log house from distortions, bends and other types of deformations. The casing boards must be dry and strong, otherwise they will not be able to complete the task. A board whose thickness cannot be less than 5 cm or a beam 15x10 cm is suitable for this. The thickness of the element is always equal to the thickness of the wall.

The rules for building an old wooden house do not change. Things are completely different with frame buildings because they do not shrink. Such houses are already created with openings for windows and doors; they have the necessary rigidity for installation. A log house that has stood for more than ten years also does not shrink.

Casing can be carried out different ways, such as:

• spike-monolith;
• embedded timber;
• into the deck.

The most reliable of the three options is the last one, but it is also considered the most labor-intensive. Those who do not have enough skills and abilities are recommended to do casing using the second method. It is necessary to make grooves in the middle of the window opening, vertical to each other with dimensions of 5x5 cm. You can use circular saw, chainsaw, ax and even a chisel.

Before driving the timber into the groove, it must be wrapped in linen. The seal will be located between the wall and the element, but it should extend slightly onto the window opening.

Placed on a block edged board and fix it with self-tapping screws at the top and bottom. Two bolts are enough in each case. Before doing this, it is worth drilling a recess slightly larger than the diameter of the cap. If a monolith tenon is used, the T-shaped beam is cut out in advance and then installed in the existing groove, after which it is secured with self-tapping screws to ensure reliable fastening.

Elements of the window structure, located vertically, should be at a distance of 8 cm from the top of the window opening. That is, a five-centimeter beam laid on the upper jamb should be at a distance of 3 cm from the wall. It is this distance that is taken as the shrinkage gap.

The top strip of the window should not dangle in the grooves; it should only go in with force. The final fastening is made with self-tapping screws, which are driven in at an angle. The final work at this stage can be considered the installation of insulation. The gap is closed with polyurethane foam, which can be laid in one or more steps. If it is necessary to apply the composition twice, then you should wait ten minutes until the first layer hardens. In hot weather, the foam must be moistened with water from a spray bottle.

The material quickly deteriorates when exposed to the sun and other weather conditions, therefore with inside it is covered with a vapor barrier, and a windproof membrane is used outside.

It is prohibited to use a vapor barrier on both sides, since then moisture will accumulate under it, and this will contribute to the formation of mold.

Installation

You can install a window structure with your own hands, insert the structure into a box, install a window sill, make slopes, but it is better to first study the technology so as not to spoil everything. The main tools you will need are the following:

• level;
• polyurethane foam;
• screwdriver;
• drill;
• spray;
• key to adjust windows;
• chisel;
• bolts;
• spacer wedges.

It's easier to install windows with a partner, since not everything can be done on your own. It is worth understanding that a double-glazed window has an impressive weight and it is impossible to hold it while carrying out work alone. Before installation, it is better to check the measurements taken to determine the presence of gaps. There should be 5 cm left for foaming on top, 3 cm on the sides, and 4 cm at the place where the window sill is installed.

Incorrect mortise in wood village house will cause many problems in the future.

Before installation, it is necessary to purchase special fasteners from a hardware store, which are metal plates with holes made. Professionals advise using them, stipulating this requirement by the fact that the use of self-tapping screws that penetrate through the frame completely deprives it of its tightness, and accordingly reduces the level of thermal insulation.

The window is installed only according to the level and nothing else; distortions threaten to cause rapid damage to the plastic product and breakage of the fittings. Be sure to remove the sashes from the window, thereby reducing the weight of the frame at the time of work. The insert must be positioned evenly and attached only to elements dictated by the standard. When foaming the gaps, you can prevent them from moving by placing bars under the frame, and then removing them.

It is important to choose the correct location of the screws; it is strictly forbidden to screw them in at the location of the ridge.

Okosyachka

The pigtail is assembled after preparing the window opening. The upper part is cut out of a 15x4 cm board and grooves are created through which it will be attached to the ridge. This part of the opening is located at the top; it must be flat and free of kinks, otherwise difficulties will arise later with the installation of the plastic structure.

The protrusion, which plays the role of a comb, is covered with rolled tow, and then the carriage is put on - prepared wooden element with a cut groove. This is done in order to improve thermal insulation and get rid of squeaking. Upper part The pigtails need to be screwed to this element with self-tapping screws, but so as not to touch the ridge.

Double-glazed window

Double-glazed windows are delivered to the installation site assembled; before installation they must be disassembled, this is the only way to reduce the weight of the structure. Using a special key, it is necessary to remove the upper pins that hold the sash open.

Then the handle is turned and when open, the sash is easily removed from the lower fastening, but it is worth remembering that this is the heaviest part of the structure.

To knock out the glazing beads and remove the glass unit, you need to use a spatula or a hammer and a knife. Carefully moving the element away, you should simply remove it from the frame. The short sides can be slightly pryed from the corner and pulled.

Experts advise immediately removing the protective film from the outside of the window structure before it sticks to the surface and reacts with the plastic under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. Then it will be almost impossible to tear it off. It is necessary to drill holes for the dowels, which should be located at a distance of no more than 20 cm from the corner, and no more than 70 cm from each other.

Plastic windows can reduce heating costs, since the sealed design prevents the formation of drafts. It is impossible not to note the aesthetic appeal of such products and the cost savings on maintenance. But plastic windows will meet the requirements only if the installation was carried out correctly.

Self-installation of PVC structures in a wooden house has some difficulties, which is why it should be done in accordance with the instructions of specialists. The time of year does not affect the installation process in any way. Availability modern technologies allows you to carry out work with equal success in summer and winter, when polyurethane frost-resistant sealant is used.

When building a private house, solving the problem of heat loss is a primary task for both designers and builders. Improving the energy efficiency of a building will help save money in the future a large number of funds for its heating in winter and air conditioning in summer. One of the bottlenecks in terms of heat loss in a wooden house is the windows. It is through them that the heat escapes to a greater extent. Through old wooden frames, which do not fit tightly to the window frame, the gaps between the frame and the glass cost a lot of money on the streets.

Fortunately, with the advent of metal-plastic double-glazed windows, this problem was partially solved. Such windows are not only attractive appearance, but also excellent performance characteristics. Read more about how to install plastic windows in a wooden house.

Why metal-plastic?

Metal-plastic windows have been on the market for quite some time. building materials and have already received their share of popularity. These designs have quite a lot of positive aspects, thanks to which they have practically squeezed wooden frames out of the market.

Positive properties of metal-plastic:

1. Energy saving. Due to the fact that the frames of such windows are made of polyvinyl chloride profile (PVC), which is hollow in cross-section, air accumulates inside it. They have low thermal conductivity, which reduces heat loss. The voids inside the profile are called chambers. Quite often, people confuse the concept of “chamber”, believing that it means the number of glasses in a double-glazed window. Thanks to the installation of double-glazed windows, which are made by soldering 2 or 3 glasses, there is also an air layer between them, which reduces heat loss through the glass part of the window. There is an opinion that inert gas pumped between the glasses increases the efficiency of the double-glazed window, however, it is almost impossible to confirm this theory in practice.
2. Easy to use. Plastic, like everything else artificial materials not fussy to use. It does not need to be painted or treated with special antiseptics, like wood. All care for a plastic window in a wooden house comes down to cleaning it from dust. Plastic practically does not fade in the sun, it does not suffer from moisture, and it has significantly less weight compared to wood.
3. Price. Naturally, in comparison with a wooden window made in a handicraft workshop, a metal-plastic window will cost more. However, if we compare similar modern wooden windows with double-glazed windows and similar fittings, then the situation here is in favor of plastic.

The need to install plastic windows in a wooden house

Installation metal-plastic windows on your own can significantly reduce the cost of home repairs. The fact is that installation takes about 30% of the price of the entire system. If we take into account that most private households are located at a distance from cities, the price for installers’ services can increase several times due to the cost of delivering the team to the work site.

Apart from price, there is a comfort factor to consider. Typically, installation or replacement of windows is carried out at the behavioral stage repair work throughout the house. At large volume tasks to be solved, it is often possible that there is simply no time to prepare the work site for installation, and excess storage of products in a warehouse will have to be paid additionally.

If you install windows yourself, you can dismantle them more carefully. window frames and boxes. Usually, hired workers do not care too much about their safety, and they may well still serve, for example, for the construction of a greenhouse.

Preparing the installation site for a metal-plastic window

First of all, to begin installing a new window in a window opening, you need to dismantle the old window. Dismantling begins with removing the window sashes and its fittings. If there are old hinges on the sashes, they may jam. In this case, you can carefully pry them off with a crowbar.

The removed sashes must be taken out of the window installation site to avoid injury from the glass installed in them.

Next, the fittings are removed from the window frame: the remains of the hinges, parts of the latches. If the wooden box is in good condition, it can be used as a basis for installing a metal-plastic window. In this case, it must be cleaned old paint, dirt and dust. This is done with a damp cloth or soft brush. If necessary, you can sand the box using medium sandpaper.

Window sill installation

When installing a metal-plastic window in a wooden house, the first step is to install a window sill. It is this that will serve as the basis for the new window. Therefore, the installed window sill must be perfectly level, both in length and width. Check the correct installation of the part using a level. In order for the window sill to have additional rigidity, it is necessary to “recess” it into the side parts of the frame. To do this, cuts are made in them at the window installation level. A window sill is inserted into them. To level it along planes, substrates in the form of pieces of metal or fiberboard are used.

When the window sill is leveled, it is secured to the frame using self-tapping screws. There are two very important things to remember here: important points. Firstly, the screws are screwed in only in that part of the window sill on which the window will be installed, and secondly, washers must be placed under the heads of the screws. The fact is that the PVC window sill has a hollow structure and the self-tapping screw can simply push through its surface. After installing the window, the cavities under the window sill are filled with polyurethane foam. To prevent the window sill from rising under the force of foam expansion, an additional weight is placed on it, which is held for about a day.

Preparing the window for installation

Before installing the window, it must be prepared. First of all, the glass unit is removed from the frame, and the sash is also removed. Before this, a handle is installed on the sash. Most metal-plastic windows are currently installed using mounting plates. They are attached using self-tapping screws to the outside of the frame, and then secured to the window frame, ensuring that the frame does not move. However, in wooden houses, it is more advisable to attach the window frame directly to the window opening using self-tapping screws. To do this, 8 holes (2 on each side) Ø6 mm are drilled in the frame. On the inside, the diameter of the holes must be at least 10 mm so that the head of the screw fits freely inside. Self-tapping screws must have a diameter of at least 5 mm.

Removing the movable sash does not take much time and is quite simple. It is necessary to remove the decorative caps from the top and bottom hinges. Then you need to open the sash, squeeze out and remove the fixing rod from the top hinge. After this, you need to lift the sash to remove it from the lower hinge.

Installation of plastic windows in a wooden house

After preparation is completed, the window is installed in place. It must be installed strictly in the middle of the window opening. To do this, its width and the width of the window itself are measured using a tape measure. The gap between the window and the window frame should be approximately 10 mm on each side. There is no point in aligning the window horizontally, since this operation was previously successfully carried out with the window sill.

The vertical evenness of the window is checked using a level. It is important to position the window symmetrically with respect to external walls so that the external slopes are the same.

To ensure that the leveled window does not deviate from it, it must be immobilized. This is done using wooden blocks, which are adjusted in accordance with the gap between the box and the frame. They act as a wedge. The block is installed either along the entire length of the gap, or in the places where the frame will be attached to the box. It is important that the screw goes through it. This will give the structure additional strength. However, if the house is located on moving soils and its seasonal movement is significant, then it is better not to have a rigid connection of the window to the structure of the house. In this case, when the walls move due to the deformation of the self-tapping screw, the window will remain in place and will not experience additional loads.

Installation of double-glazed windows

After the installation of the window frame is completed, the tilt-and-turn sash and the double-glazed window of the blind half are installed (if we are talking about a double-leaf window). The double-glazed window of a blind sash is mounted on special mounting washers. Their task is to provide a gap between the frame and the glass unit so that the latter does not cover the technological openings for removing condensate.

The glass unit is installed with gaps to the frame of at least 5 mm. Otherwise, when the plastic expands seasonally, it may burst. It is necessary to check the gaps between the glass unit and the frame at the acceptance stage finished product. If the gap is smaller, or there is none at all, it is better to return the product to the manufacturer.

After installing the double-glazed window, it is secured using special beads. Due to the presence of profile tenons on them, which must fit into the corresponding groove of the frame, the glazing beads are easily secured without the use of nails or self-tapping screws. When installing, you need to lightly tap on it until you hear a click, which means that the bead is in place.

The sash is installed in the reverse order of its removal.

After the installation of the window is completed, all gaps between the frame and the frame are filled with polyurethane foam. This must be done both from the inside and outside. Until the foam has completely dried, the sash cannot be opened. Afterwards, the excess material is cut off using a stationery knife.

Plastic window in a wooden house: video

Reading time ≈ 12 minutes

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is currently very popular - it is affordable, holds heat well and does not lose its geometric parameters. Against the backdrop of rising energy prices, such materials are almost a panacea, so installing a plastic window in a wooden house with your own hands is of interest to many people. In the article, in addition to installation instructions, you will find photo and video materials that will help you cope with the task.

Log house with an attic in the process of glazing with PVC windows

Selecting plastic windows

In order to choose a good plastic window that is suitable specifically for your case, you will have to pay attention to several parameters. Do not neglect these indicators so that during operation you do not have any complaints about the manufacturer or even force majeure circumstances.

Features of double-glazed windows

Single-chamber (left) and three-chamber (right) double-glazed windows

The production of double-glazed windows involves not only different technologies manufacturing, but also different glass - this directly affects their performance characteristics. Below you will see what they are:

1. Regular option with float glass. This glass has high light transparency and is free from any disadvantages.
2. Multifunctional double-glazed windows. There is protection from ultraviolet radiation (exposure to sun rays), has low heat transfer capacity. These features directly affect the maintenance of the microclimate in the room - they keep out the cold in winter and heat in summer.
3. Self-cleaning designs. Such double-glazed windows help to significantly save time on cleaning, since the windows do not have to be washed from the outside. The special composition with which the glass is coated, when exposed to ultraviolet radiation (sun rays), destroys the dirt that will be washed away by the first rain. No streaks or stains remain.
4. Soundproofing options. IN in this case They use thicker glasses and a scientific approach to the distance between them. Thanks to the high-quality profile, seal and glazing bead, vibration as such is completely eliminated. Such windows do not absorb, but reflect airborne noise, which affects densely populated and industrial areas, as well as houses located near railway stations and airfields.
5. Reflective double-glazed windows. They are also called specular because they are shiny and reflective with a reflectance of about 4%. These options are ideal for hot weather. climatic conditions– they do not allow heat to pass through, they do not heat up themselves, but at the same time they allow photons (light) to pass through without hindrance.
6. Colored double glazed windows. Such glass softens bright light and does not transmit heat well, although transparency does not suffer from this. Properties (light and heat retention) change with shades.
7. Tinted double glazed windows. They have the same characteristics as colored ones, but no coloring pigments are used in the composition. The shade changes due to the gluing of a special film.
8. Energy saving options with k-glass. This is ordinary float glass, onto which, during its manufacturing process (in a hot state), a k-coating (thin metal film) is applied using the pyrolysis method. This significantly reduces thermal conductivity and increases mechanical strength (glass is placed on the outside).
9. Energy saving options with i-glass. It has the reduced thermal conductivity inherent in k-glass. But i-coating is a thin layer of silver and the glass can easily be deformed, so it is installed inside a double-glazed window.
10. Designs made from smart glass. These are like “living” windows that change their parameters (transparency and thermal conductivity) when they change from the outside. This category includes energy-saving and self-cleaning windows.
11. Triplex glass. It is a multilayer sheet with a transparent polymer in the interlayer. This factor does not reduce translucency, but increases fire resistance and mechanical strength (this does not affect thermal conductivity and sound insulation). If such glass is broken, it will not shatter into small fragments, but will be held on to the polymer.

Note. Also, double-glazed windows are distinguished by the number of chambers. For regions with temperate climate One- and two-chamber packages are popular, in cold zones – three-chamber ones.

Video: The glass unit formula determines the choice

Metal-plastic profile

Five-chamber profile made of metal-plastic

The functionality of PVC profiles for windows can be determined by six parameters, including:

• Number of cameras. According to the building standard, 3, 4 and 5 chamber PVC profiles are produced. Moreover, the thickness of the first two options is 60 mm, and the third – 70 mm.
• The width of the outer wall can be of three classes:

1. A – 3 mm ±0.2 mm;
2. B – 2.7 mm ±0.2 mm;
3. C – 2.5 mm ±0.2 mm.

• Reinforcing or guide profile. It determines the rigidity of the frame and its service life. When installing a plastic window in a wooden house, pay attention to its cross-section - it must be a galvanized square with a wall of at least 1.2 mm. L-shaped perforated or ferrous metal, especially one of smaller thickness, indicates low quality.
• Rubber seals. High-quality seals are made of rubber and have a warranty from the manufacturer for at least 10 years. But if you lubricate the inserts with special silicone at least once a year, the service life will double.
• A high-quality PVC profile does not fade in the sun, does not turn yellow and does not emit an odor, but this depends on its composition:

1. TiO2 – titanium dioxide. An effective white dye, which is practically absent in budget profiles.
2. Chalk - its permissible level in cheap profiles is limited to 6%, but unscrupulous manufacturers exceed this parameter by 2-3 times. This causes the plastic to burn out, turn yellow, and there is no perfectly smooth surface.

• The manufacturer largely determines quality. So, Chinese windows are much cheaper, but they will not last long. In the European Union countries and in Russia, a law has been introduced on laser marker marks, which are applied 30-50 cm from the end side. The date of manufacture and country of origin are displayed there. If such marking is present, then quality PVC, reinforcement and seals, there is no doubt that they will comply with GOST and SNiP.

PVC window installation process

Below you will find step by step instructions for installing plastic windows in a wooden house. This is not difficult, but it will require the presence of certain carpentry tools - I will not write them out separately and you will learn about them as you read.

Removing old windows

Removing old windows

I suggest special instructions for dismantling old windows from the opening, so as not to damage those elements that will remain in use. But this only applies to old houses, where there are already window openings with jambs and they meet your needs - in a new building this point is not relevant.

First of all, you should remove all the glass - to do this, remove the glazing bead and all the nails that did not come out when eliminating this profile. Sometimes the studs are invisible, so to make sure they are present or absent, run a knife or screwdriver at the place where the beads are installed, lightly pressing against the glass. If you stayed there fastening material, then the blade will definitely trip over it, and then, as they say, it’s a matter of technique.

In some cases, in order to seal the windows as much as possible and get rid of drafts, the glass is glued to the frame with silicone or silicone sealant. In such situations, all attempts to pick up the glass with a knife in order to tear it away from the frame are doomed to failure. There is only one way out - to break the glass, but it can fly apart and hurt you. To avoid this, glue wet newspaper onto the glass and break it - all the fragments will fall nearby and will not fly apart.

The frame is supported by nails, which are also very difficult to pull out - it is much easier to cut vertical frame profiles with a hacksaw, as shown in the top photo. After this, use a nail puller to pick up part of the cut vertical and tear it off. Do a similar operation with opposite side, and then tear off the cross sections with a nail puller. The opening is ready and you can insert a plastic window.

Window casing in a wooden house

This is how a groove is made for the casing tenon in the embedded block

First of all, you should cut out the window openings and there are two options. If the plastic windows are already ready, then, of course, you will have to focus on their sizes, but this is the exception rather than the rule. Usually, the window (door) openings are cut out first and only after that the window dimensions are taken or a representative of the company where the windows will be made is invited (this is a free service).

Casing into the embedded block (left) and into the deck (right)

First, let's look at the features of installing a casing (plug). Casing into a deck clearly involves cutting a tenon along the verticals of the opening, and making a groove in the box for this tenon, as shown in the image at the top right. But we will focus on the pigtail with the embedded bar - it is more popular.

There are more options with an embedded block. A groove is cut in the opening according to the size of the block (usually 50x50 mm) and the block is driven into it without nailing it, and a distance of 3 cm is left at the top for shrinkage of the house. But sometimes they make a so-called monolith spike, this is when the spike is one piece with the vertical of the casing. In both cases, the logs or beams, when the wall shrinks, will simply slide along the tenon without deforming the window frame.

A jute or felt tape is nailed to both sides of the inserted block with a stapler - this is necessary for sealing and. Now you can screw a rough box to the block, which is most often assembled from pine boards 50×100 mm. In this case, it is best to use wood screws 75 mm long - they are guaranteed not to pass through the block and will not reach the edge of the opening. If this happens, a log or beam may hang on the screw, which will lead to the formation of a gap between the logs.

Now the upper and lower crossbars are inserted, but if at the bottom it is laid between vertical boards, then at the top it is placed on them. The gap left should be 3 cm, which means that the distance from the end of the vertical to the top of the opening is 8 cm, that is, the lintel, having a 5-centimeter thickness, will leave 3 cm after installation free space. It is best to fasten the boards of the rough box together with metal corners. Now we are talking about installing a plastic window in a wooden house with your own hands, so below you can watch a video about how a window frame is made.

Important! The use of polyurethane foam in this case is unacceptable! The foam will glue the box with the opening, which will prevent the logs from sliding freely along the block during shrinkage.

Video: Window or casing of an opening - protection against building shrinkage

Installation of PVC window sill

PVC window sill

After installing the rough frame (casing), you can begin installing the window sill - this is the first step for assembling a window within the opening. The fact is that the window sill is not adjacent to the transverse profile from the side, but the frame is placed on top - there is a special recess there. But for strength, you should make a 5-8 mm cut on the sides of the box and insert the window sill there - this way it will hold much better. To level the horizontal level, plastic plates are used as stands (mention them when ordering the window if you are installing it yourself).

Self-tapping screws with press washer

The window sill element must be attached to the bottom of the window opening with self-tapping screws, moving away from the edge plastic panel 20-25 mm, and subsequently the heads will be covered with a frame profile. To prevent the screw head from pushing through the plastic, you need a version with a press washer without a rubber gasket, as in the top photo.

Installation of a plastic window in a wooden house

PVC frames are always covered with a protective film, but according to the installation technology, it is removed only when the window is finally inserted - this protects the plastic from scratches and contamination. To prevent the shutters from opening (this interferes with installation), screw the window handles and place them in the “closed” position (vertically down).

On vertical and horizontal window profiles drill holes on the glass unit installation line with a diameter 1 mm larger than the diameter of the fastening screw. Most often, the screw is 5 mm, and the hole is made 6 mm. The caps must be recessed into the plastic, so a 10 mm drill is used to make a countersunk to the depth of the metal profile. You need three holes on the sides, and two at the top and bottom, with a distance of 50-60 mm from the corner.

At the bottom, the frame is placed directly on the window sill, but at the top and on the sides there should be a gap of about 10 mm or a little less. Therefore, to screw the frame evenly, use wooden spacers (they are easy to make yourself). When everything is screwed on, check the vertical and horizontal levels, as well as the function of opening and closing the doors, so that there is no distortion.

If the sash closes normally (there is no friction anywhere and there is a tight connection), then close the window and insert double-glazed windows. It is unlikely that it will be possible to press the glazing bead with your hands, therefore, in order for this profile to fit tightly into the seating groove, it is finished off with a rubber hammer. Now all that remains is to blow out the gap between the frame and the rough frame with mounting foam, and you can open the sash the very next day (a precaution against warping the profile). All that remains is to make slopes inside and outside, as well as install platbands, but this is after the final shrinkage of the house.

Conclusion

In fact, installing a plastic window in a wooden house, except for the construction and installation of the casing, is done in the same way as in a brick, block or monolithic building. But attentiveness is needed in any case, so try to remember all your actions and, if necessary, read the article again. You can also print out the installation process on a printer and keep it in your pocket while you work for use as needed.