Growing momordica in the middle lane. Momordica: cultivation and care at home, photo

Our grandmothers, growing strawberries, or strawberries, as we used to call them, were not particularly worried about mulching. But today this agricultural practice has become fundamental in achieving high quality berries and reducing crop losses. Some might say it's troublesome. But practice shows that labor costs in this case pay off handsomely. In this article, we invite you to get acquainted with the nine the best materials for mulching garden strawberries.

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Momordica refers to decorative and cultivated plants. It can be kept in the room, and in the country, and on the balcony, and even in the courtyard of the house. The plant is a beautiful climbing liana which blooms with small flowers yellow color. In addition, the plant produces edible fruits. Momordica is grown from seeds. Caring for the plant is quite simple and in many ways similar to the usual care for such cultivated plants as zucchini or pumpkin.

Momordica growing from seeds: detailed steps

Before planting the seeds, they must be disinfected with a solution of potassium permanganate. Potassium permanganate is diluted to a dark pink color and the seeds are kept in solution for half an hour. After that, the seeds are thoroughly washed with warm water. Ready seeds are placed on damp cloth, cover with glass or polyethylene and leave for one day. The temperature at which the seeds should be stored should be about 20 degrees.

The following soil is prepared for planting: garden soil, humus and lowland peat. All components are taken in the same parts. Planting capacity is chosen in size 9 by 9. The soil is slightly compacted, but if this is not done, then during irrigation the seeds can be deeply drawn in. Initially, momordica is grown from seeds for seedlings, and as soon as the seedlings grow up, it is already planted in a permanent place. Seeds are placed on the edge and sprinkled with soil. The soil layer should be no more than two centimeters. In addition to momordica, hazel will look great on the plot.

As soon as the leaves are formed, and their number reaches three, the seedling, together with the earthy clod, is transplanted into another pot, the size of which should be 12 by 12. The seedling is deepened by 2 centimeters. To facilitate growth, plants are substituted with special supports. After about 45 days, seedlings can be planted in a permanent place.

Alternative Growing Method

It's cuttings that's suitable for perennial varieties. The cuttings take root perfectly both in the prepared soil mixture and in water. A month later, momordica can be planted in a permanent place. Just cover the young shoot for three days with a jar.

Momordica growing from seeds: planting seedlings

Momordica is planted only in warm weather. You can navigate by apple trees. As soon as the trees fade, then you can plant seedlings. Before planting, they dig small holes and make a suitable organic fertilizer. After planting, the plants are watered and left alone. They take care of momordica further, as well as a pumpkin: they water it in a timely manner, fertilize it every two weeks and weed the ground from weeds. The same is done when growing yoshta.

With the appearance of the first yellow flowers, the plant needs pollination. On the liana you can find both male and female flowers. If there are no insects in the place where mamordica grows, then the flowers will have to be pollinated on their own. This can be done by touching flowers of different sexes with each other. Seeds are taken from the ripe fruit - they can be used for further planting. In no case should the roots of momordica be allowed to be exposed, otherwise the already weak root system will give even more slack and the plant may die.

Yes, yes, that is what the people call momordica. Also “glued” to this outlandish plant are the names mad melon, yellow or Indian cucumber, balsamic pear, bitter melon, Indian pomegranate and even crocodile cucumber.

Judging by the photo of momordica, people come up with all these names just by looking at this miracle of nature. At first glance, this contraption is inedible, it is not surprising that many doubt whether it is possible to eat it. The "warty" fruits resemble crocodile skin, especially when unripe. As they mature, they become yellow or orange-yellow in color.

This plant is overseas, but our gardeners also fell in love with it, and not only because of the valuable healing properties, which we will talk about a little lower, but also for decoration. Since this is a liana, summer residents often plant it along hedges and arbors.

Medicinal properties of momordica

All parts of the plant are nutritious and healing - roots, leaves, seeds, flowers and fruits. Fresh young shoots and leaves of momordica go to salads and vinaigrettes, they are boiled delicious borscht and medicinal soups.

Momordica destroys bacteria and viruses, treats hypertension, hemorrhoids, stomach ulcers, diabetes and even leukemia. Increases immunity, anesthetizes. Quickly removes excess fat, speeds up metabolism, makes the figure slimmer. Momordica also lowers cholesterol levels in the blood, cleanses blood vessels.

Seems, crazy cucumber all infirmities are subject, including rheumatoid arthritis, headaches and joint pains, burns, psoriasis, depression, furunculosis, hepatitis, prostatitis, urolithiasis, sclerosis. And momordica treats eye diseases, increases visual acuity.

Momordica Lorge top

Growing momordica

It is necessary to grow this overseas miracle in the conditions of central Russia in a greenhouse or greenhouse; in the southern regions, momordica grows well in open ground.

Most often, it is planted with seeds, but the method of propagation of momordica by cuttings is also used. Some species are grown as ornamental plants, winding them with arbors and fences, and others as garden crops.

Momordica seeds

A seed of a bizarre shape, red-brown in color, the size of a watermelon seed, with a thin but strong peel.

In 1 fruit 15-30 seeds. They fall out when, when ripe, the fruit cracks in its lower part and twists into three fleshy petals.

The optimal time for planting seeds for seedlings is the end of March-beginning of April. Seeds are planted edgewise to a depth of 1.5 cm in fertile soil. Immediately after planting, it is necessary to water them with water at room temperature, after which they should not be watered for 2-3 days.

seedlings of momordica

Shoots of momordica appear in 10-14 days at a temperature environment not lower than +20 °С. The soil with seedlings must be maintained in a moderately moist and warm state and the plants should be protected from drafts and sudden changes in temperature. Twice a month it is recommended to fertilize the soil, while alternating organic and mineral top dressing.

Momordica is also propagated by cuttings. To do this, the shoots are placed in water and wait for the roots to appear. The ambient temperature must not be lower than +25 °C. Rooted cuttings are planted in open ground and covered with a glass jar for several days.

Momordica Zhopan long

plant care

When the height of the plants is about 20-25 cm, it is transplanted into a larger pot.

Momordica seedlings are planted on the site at the end of May, when the threat of return frosts has passed. Seedlings are transplanted by transshipment, along with an earthen clod, since the exposure of the roots has a bad effect on the development of the plant.

This crop grows on soils where potatoes, legumes, or tomatoes were grown before.

Up to a height of 50 cm, it is necessary to remove all side shoots from the plant, usually only up to three main stems are left. Shoots above 50 - 70 cm are removed after the first fruit is tied.

Be sure to build a support for momordica. Usually it is made in the form of a vertical trellis, which adequately provides the plant with access to sunlight.

The flowering period of momordica coincides with the period of shoot formation. The plant has male and female flowers, with the male flowers appearing slightly earlier than the female ones. Pollination occurs with the help of insects. If the plant is grown without access to insects, then you need to transfer pollen from male colors on women with a brush.

When to pick fruit

The collection is recommended on the 8th - 10th day after their appearance, then they still do not have a bitter taste. Like many crops, frequent fruit picking stimulates the formation of new ovaries. That is, the more often we collect fruits, the more active fruiting will be.

Momordica has the same diseases and pests as all pumpkins: powdery mildew, bacteriosis, white rot, aphid. The treatment of these diseases and protection from pests is carried out in the same way as, for example, in cucumbers.

Inside momordica is a juicy dark ruby ​​pericarp. It has a pleasant taste, reminiscent of something between a pumpkin and a persimmon. The surface of the fruit is slightly bitter, which is why momordica is often called the "bitter gourd". Many people like this peculiar bitterness and they believe that this does not spoil the taste at all.

Momordica: photo

Momordica long-fruited

Momordica Thai long

Momordica Large Top

Momordica Taiwan White

As cultivated plants usually grown: Momordica Charantia (Momordica charantia).

I purchased momordica seeds in the Gardens of Russia online store, I liked both the germination and yield. I recommend!.

Momordica cochin

Useful properties of this species can hardly be overestimated. From the red shell around the seed get very healthy oil. It has an effect similar to that of medicines containing vitamin A. Wounds, burns and ulcers are treated with this oil. Its use increases the body's immunity, it is recommended for people with impaired vision. The seeds of this momordica have anti-febrile, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and decongestant effects. They are used in peptic ulcer disease, as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory agent.

AT oriental medicine all parts of the plant are used. Gack leaves help treat skin abscesses and are used for snake and insect bites. And the root of the Cochinine momordica is taken as an expectorant for bronchitis.

Momordica, or as it is also called Indian pomegranate, bitter gourd, mad or Indian cucumber, Chinese melon, is a herbaceous vine of the gourd family. This plant is native to India and China. There are annual and perennial types of plants. In total, there are almost 20 types of momordica.

Momordica is a rather exotic plant in our area, but practice has shown that it can quite successfully grow and bear fruit on personal plot or cottage. The fruits, seeds, leaves and even shoots of this creeper are edible. The shoots of the creeper are thin and strong, about 2-4 meters long, the leaves are carved, bright green in color. Momordica flowers are heterosexual - male flower yellow, large, located on a long pedicel, female flower has a smaller size and a short pedicel.

The fruits are 10-25 cm long, about 6 cm in diameter, the color changes from green to orange depending on the degree of maturity. The pulp of the fruit is red, juicy, has pleasant palatability. Seeds of dark shades are covered with a dense shell, similar to pomegranate seeds. One fruit of momordica gives about 30 seeds.

Important! You can get rid of staphylococci and streptococci by using momordica extract.

The chemical composition and calorie content of momordica

The calorie content of momordica is only 15 kcal per 100 g of the product, while the fat content is 0.1 g, carbohydrates - 3 g, proteins - 0.8 g, water - 90 g.

The composition of the momordica fruit includes many useful substances: vitamins A, B, E, F, C, PP, as well as organic acids, flavonoids, amino acids and alkaloids. Oil and momordicin, an alkaloid, were found in the seeds. Liana root contains triterpene saponin.

All ground and underground parts of momordica have a healing effect, which we will discuss later.

Medicinal properties of momordica

Scientists have recently begun a deep study of momordica and have already identified some of its medicinal properties, but clinical trials are ongoing, perhaps soon there will be new information about the medicinal plant.

Momordica seeds have the ability to relieve swelling, and also have antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and anti-febrile properties. These berries-seeds are able to improve vision and the general condition of the eyes.

Did you know? From the Latin language, the name momordica literally translates as "bite", because the young plant "stings" the skin like a nettle.

plant fruits unique, they inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Momordica extracts have a positive effect on the treatment of sarcomas, leukemia and melanomas. Momordica is able to heal from hepatitis, liver cancer, advanced cases of infectious diseases, improves the activity of the pancreas, removes toxins from the body and increases its immunity, and also helps maintain the health of diabetics by regulating chemical composition blood.

Preparations cells are restored from this vine, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system have a beneficial effect.

Procurement and storage of medicinal raw materials from momordica

Use beneficial features momordiki for treatment all year round, for this it is necessary to stock up on time with the medicinal raw materials of this healing liana. Leaves it is better to harvest at the end of spring, then the concentration of nutrients in them will be maximum, fruits and seeds- after the final ripening in the summer, and roots- in autumn.

The fruit and root are preliminarily cut into small pieces, and the seeds, shoots and leaves are first dried and already dried are crushed. Dry raw materials in a darkened room with good ventilation. Dried fruits of momordica retain their medicinal properties for 3-4 years, roots - 2-3 years, and leaves and flowers - for 1-2 years. Store dry raw materials in an airtight glass container or in cloth bags.

Important! The substances that make up momordica are able to speed up the metabolism, so its fruits are used for weight loss.

Recipes for the use of momordica in folk medicine

An exotic plant can help a person cure many diseases, the main thing is not to exceed the therapeutic dose.

Momordica is able to cure colds and flu, for this they prepare tincture of vodka: a glass container is filled with fruit pulp cut into small cubes, filled with vodka to the top and infused for 10-15 days in a dark place. Take tincture of 1 tsp. 30 minutes before meals for 3-4 days.

Decoction of momordica seeds treat hemorrhoids, prostatitis, sclerosis, fever, and it is also used to obtain a diuretic effect . Pieces of 20 seeds are crushed, poured with a glass of boiling water and boiled over low heat for 10 minutes. Insist for several hours, filter and consume 50 ml 3-4 times a day.

Chewing 3-4 seeds of momordica before meals for 10 days will relieve diseases of the intestines and stomach.

Using momordica root for bronchitis, you can alleviate the course of the disease, since it has expectorant properties. ARI will pass faster if carried out inhalation with leaves and shoots of momordica. Decoctions stems and leaves will relieve the pain of arthritis. fresh pulp fruit will relieve itching and swelling after an insect bite.

The use of momordica in cosmetology

Asian women have long used momordica for cosmetic purposes. Various decoctions, infusions and creams, which contain this marvelous plant, improve the condition of the skin, nourish it with vitamins and oils, and smooth out wrinkles, as a result, the face will look younger and fresher.

Decoctions leaves get rid of prickly heat and various skin rashes. momordica is used for skin diseases, for this, the bandage is soaked with juice and applied to the affected area several times a day. Decoction leaves and shoots will speed up the healing of the burn and reduce the likelihood of a scar. With regular use of fresh leaves, the general condition of the skin will improve, it will become more velvety to the touch.

Did you know? The fruits of momordica in the Middle Ages were eaten only by members of the imperial families of Ancient China.

Use in cooking

Unripe momordica seeds are poisonous and can be eaten when they are fully ripe when they become sweet. Momordica fruits are harvested in an unripe form. The pulp of the fruit is watery, tastes like a cucumber, it is eaten in an unripe state. When ripe, the fruit becomes soft and changes color to orange, while it becomes bitter in taste. You can remove bitterness from a ripened fruit by soaking it in salt water for 3-4 hours, after which it is ready for boiling or stewing.

The momordica plant is about 60 species of annual and perennial loaches or small shrubs belonging to the gourd family. The name comes from the Latin word, which literally means “animal bite” in translation - and if you look only at the fruit of the plant, you will immediately understand everything. Its surface is very reminiscent of animal bites, so this name is fully justified. The homeland of the plant is the territory of subtropical and tropical Africa, Asia and Australia. Most subspecies produce floral oils. Currently, it is an exotic guest on balconies, terraces, loggias and vegetable gardens. Growing from seed is within the power of even beginner growers. Planting and caring for the culture are described in detail in this article. Some species are grown specifically for their orange or red fleshy fruits that are oblong or cylindrical shape. The fruits usually burst when ripe. There is also a second name for this plant - Chinese bitter melon, which has family ties with both cucumbers and zucchini. They are outwardly very similar to both vegetables, but only with warts on the entire surface. The unripe fruit has an unpleasant green tint, so that you don’t even want to eat it. But when ripe, the fruit becomes a rich orange hue, like the sun itself, and split, showing the whole world growths of bright red. By the way, it is in these growths that the most expensive thing for all gardeners - both amateurs and professionals - lies. Seeds are stored in such growths in momordica. With their help, you can then grow more than one similar plant in your garden. Look at the photo of momordica in various stages of development: