Where are the most people in the world. The largest nations in the world: who is more

Moscow, March 21 - Vesti.Ekonomika. Probably, many have heard about how unevenly distributed the population in the world. And in fact most of The world's population lives in a very limited area, which captures China, India, Japan and some other countries of Southeast Asia.

This region is different high density population. And if you look at the map below, it becomes clear how critical the situation in this region is.

In compiling this map, experts compared different regions of the world in terms of population.

As a result, each region was marked with a certain color.

The area shown in red covers part of Bangladesh and three provinces in India.

This area is only 415 thousand square meters. km. This area is smaller than one state of California in the US.

However, this small area is home to more people than all the areas shown in blue on the map combined.

At the same time, the regions indicated in blue on the map cover a significant territory of countries such as Canada, Australia, Norway, Sweden and Saudi Arabia. The territories of China, the USA and most of Russia are also partially shaded in blue.

The following regions are marked in blue on the map:

However, the uneven distribution of the population is noticeably even worse if you look at the map with the fastest growing cities in the world.

The map below shows cities and population growth per hour.

One of the important demographic trends in the world over the past century has been rapid urbanization.

Back in 1950, less than 30% of the world's population lived in cities.

However, experts predict that by 2030 over 60% of the world's population will live in cities.

AT developed countries most of the population lives in cities.

In the USA - 81% of the population, in Canada - 82%, in Australia - 89%, in Germany - 75%.

Cities in these countries contribute a significant share to the GDP of their countries. Moreover, in the US, 52% of the total US production comes from just 20 agglomerations.

The same pattern is observed in other countries of the world.

According to the McKinsey 600 largest cities of the world generate 60% of the total production in the world.

It is the new economic opportunities that become the incentive that makes people leave the villages and move to the cities.

Particularly rapid urban growth is observed in Africa and Asia.

Countries such as China and India are leaders in urban growth and development.

The population of Delhi is growing at 79 people per hour, while the population of Shanghai is growing at 51 people per hour.

Africa is a region that has changed a lot in recent years.

Thus, the WEF notes that in 1960 Johannesburg was the only city in South Africa with a population of over 1 million people.

50 years later, the region had 33 cities with a population of over 1 million.

According to various estimates, the Russian-speaking diaspora in the world numbers from 25 to 30 million people. But it is extremely difficult to accurately calculate the number of Russians living in various countries, since the very definition of “Russian” is unclear.

When we talk about the Russian diaspora, we involuntarily return to the rhetorical question - who should be considered Russians: either they are exclusively Russians, or citizens of the former republics of the USSR join them, or they also include descendants of immigrants from Russian Empire?

If only immigrants from Russian Federation, then no less questions will arise, since representatives of numerous nationalities living on the territory of Russia will fall into their number.

Using the term "Russian" as an ethnonym, we are faced with the problem of national identity, on the one hand, and integration and assimilation, on the other hand. For example, today's descendant of immigrants from the Russian Empire living in France may feel Russian, and born in a family of immigrants in the 1980s, on the contrary, will call himself a full-fledged Frenchman.

Given the vagueness of the term "Russian diaspora" and the not yet well-established concept of "Russian diaspora", another phrase is often used - "Russian-speaking diaspora", which includes those for whom the Russian language is a unifying principle. However, this is not without controversy. For example, according to 2008 data, about 3 million US residents declared their Russian origin, but only 706,000 Americans speak Russian as their native language.

Germany

The Russian-speaking diaspora in Germany is considered the largest in Europe. Taking into account various data, on average it is 3.7 million people, most of which are Russian Germans. In families that arrived in Germany 15-20 years ago, Russian is still the native language, although some of the immigrants use a mixture of Russian and German, and only a few are fluent in German. It is curious that there are cases when migrants who have already begun to use German, again returning to more familiar Russian speech.
Now every major city in Germany has Russian shops, restaurants, travel agencies, there are even Russian-speaking law firms and medical institutions. The largest Russian communities are concentrated in Berlin, Hamburg, Stuttgart, Düsseldorf and Frankfurt am Main. However, the largest concentration of the Russian-speaking population is in Baden-Württemberg.

Argentina

The largest Russian diaspora South America located in Argentina. According to unofficial data, its number reaches 300 thousand people, of which about 100 thousand speak Russian to one degree or another.
Historians count 5 waves of emigration from Russia to Argentina. If the first was "Jewish", the second - "German", then the last three are called "Russian". The waves of "Russian emigration" coincided with the turning points in the history of Russia - the revolution of 1905, civil war and restructuring.
At the beginning of the 20th century, many Cossacks and Old Believers left Russia for Argentina. Their compact settlements still exist. A large colony of Old Believers is located in Choele-Choele. Preserving the traditional way of life, Old Believer families still have an average of 8 children. The largest colony of Cossacks is located in the suburbs of Buenos Aires - Schwarzbald and consists of two settlements.
Russian Argentines carefully preserve the cultural connection with their historical homeland. Thus, the Institute of Russian Culture operates in the capital. There are also radio stations in Argentina that broadcast exclusively Russian music - Rachmaninoff, Tchaikovsky, Prokofiev.

USA

According to experts, Russian is the seventh most widely spoken language in the United States. The Russian-speaking population grew unevenly in the country: the last and most powerful wave of emigration to the United States swept the republics of the USSR at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s. If in 1990 the American authorities numbered about 750 thousand Russians, today their number exceeds 3 million people. Since 1990, a quota has been introduced for citizens of the USSR - no more than 60 thousand immigrants a year.
It should be noted that in the USA it is customary to call “Russians” all those who came here from the CIS countries and have different ethnic roots - Russian, Ukrainian, Jewish, Kazakh. Here, as nowhere else, the duality of the situation is manifested, when ethnic identification and native language do not mean the same thing.
Numerous Russian-speaking diaspora is located in Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Houston. But still, most immigrants prefer to settle in New York, where to a large extent the connection with Russian history, tradition and culture has been preserved.

Israel

It is not known how many representatives of the Russian-speaking diaspora would be in Israel now, if at the turn of the 1980-90s the US government had not convinced the Israeli authorities to accept the main flow of immigrants from the USSR. The Soviet leadership also contributed to this process by facilitating the repatriation of Jews to Israel.
In the first two years, about 200 thousand immigrants from the USSR arrived in Israel, but by the beginning of the 21st century, the number of emigrants from Russia had decreased to 20 thousand people a year.
Today, the Russian-speaking diaspora in Israel numbers about 1.1 million people - approximately 15% of the country's population. This is the second national minority after the Arabs. The diaspora is predominantly represented by Jews - there are no more than 70 thousand ethnic Russians in it.

Latvia

Latvia can be called a country where Russians are the most per capita - 620 thousand people, which is approximately 35% of the total number of inhabitants of the country. The Russian-speaking diaspora in Latvia is also called the “diaspora of cataclysms”, since Russians remained here after the collapse of the USSR.
It is interesting that the inhabitants of the ancient Russian lands settled in the territory of modern Latvia as early as X-XII centuries, and in 1212 the Russian Compound was founded here. Later, Old Believers actively moved to the country, fleeing persecution.
After the collapse of the USSR, about 47 thousand Russian-speaking people left Latvia, although the situation stabilized very quickly. According to the data sociological center Latvijas fakti now 94.4% of the country's inhabitants speak Russian.
Most of the Russian-speaking population of Latvia is concentrated in large cities. For example, in Riga, almost half of the residents identify themselves as members of the Russian diaspora. Virtually all big business in Latvia is controlled by the Russians, it is not surprising that the top ten rankings the richest people Latvia includes six Russians.

Kazakhstan

Russians in Kazakhstan are mostly descendants of exiled people of the 19th - first half of the 20th century. The active growth of the Russian population of Kazakhstan began in the period Stolypin's reforms. By 1926, Russians in the Kazak ASSR accounted for 19.7% of total number population.
Interestingly, at the time of the collapse of the USSR, there were about 6 million Russians and other Europeans in Kazakhstan - this is more than half of the country's inhabitants. However, up to the present time there has been a constant outflow of the Russian-speaking population. According to official statistics, 84.4% of the population in the country speak Russian, but about 26% consider themselves Russian - approximately 4 million people, which is the largest Russian-speaking diaspora in the world.

According to the information published in the report of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan, the number of inhabitants of the country rising sun, who is over 100 years old, for the first time in history exceeded 50 thousand people, or rather, 51,376 people. This number exceeds last year's figure for the number of centenarians in Japan by about four thousand people. And according to UN forecasts, by 2050 there will be about a million people in Japan who have crossed the 100-year mark.

Where else on our planet do people live noticeably longer than others, and why?

Where in the world do they live longest?

The oldest person in Japan is Jiroemon Kimura, now his age is 115 years old, and his date of birth is April 19, 1897. Kimura, according to the Guinness Book of Records, is the oldest man in Japan and in the world.

However, in Japan, as well as in most regions of the world, the fair sex live the longest. So, 87.3 percent of all Japanese centenarians are women, this trend has been going on for 32 years. In general, in the Land of the Rising Sun the most big number centenarians per capita - according to data for September 2010, one centenarian over 100 years old per 2900 inhabitants lives here. Most Japanese centenarians live on the islands of Okinawa and Kyushu. Everyone who has reached the age of 100 in the country receives a memorable letter and a gift from the Prime Minister of the country.

If we consider the number of centenarians per capita in other countries, then Sweden follows Japan in terms of the number of people who are over 100 years old. There, according to data for 2011, with a population of 9 million 417 thousand people, there are 1600 centenarians, that is, one centenarian for 5888 people.

Great Britain is next - here one centenarian accounts for 6777 people, in total there are about nine thousand centenarians in Foggy Albion.

In Cuba, not least due to the favorable climate and well-developed health care, there are 1,551 people over 100 years old. With a population of just over 11 million people, one centenarian accounts for 7222 people.

There are also countries on Earth in some regions of which there is an increased concentration of people whose age exceeds 100 years. So, in China, in its western part, as well as in Tibet, peoples live, whose representatives live to a very advanced age. Many centenarians live in Shanghai - in 2010, 923 people over the age of 100 lived there.

The Italian island of Sardinia is also famous for its centenarians - here, in the village with the unpronounceable name of Perdasdefogou, the largest family of centenarians in the world currently lives. The Guinness Book of Records lists that the total age of nine Melis siblings exceeds 819 years. The head of the family, Consolate Melis, turned 105 in August 2012. She has 14 children, 24 grandchildren, 25 great-grandchildren and three great-great-grandchildren. The oldest sister of Consolata is 99 years old, and the youngest is 78. In total, according to statistics, 370 people over a century old live in Sardinia, and in 2002 Antonio Todde died on the island, who was almost 113 years old!

Another place where there are many centenarians is the Greek island of Ikaria in the Aegean Sea. AT early XXI century there were many more people whose age is 90 years and more than in Europe. At that time, about eight thousand people lived on the island, of which people who crossed the 90-year mark were 1.6 percent of males and 1.1 percent of females, which is somewhat contrary to generally accepted statistics about the prevalence among centenarians. women.

Why, then, in some regions of the world can people live so long?

Reasons for longevity

Every region of the world with a large percentage of centenarians in the general population has its own reasons why people live such a long life. Some of these reasons are universal, that is, they may be suitable for different regions planets, while others have their own local features.

The country with one of the highest life expectancy is Japan, at approximately 83.91 years (according to CIA World Factbook 2011). However, this was not always the case - before the Second World War, the inhabitants of the Land of the Rising Sun lived, on average, only about 40 years. The situation began to change in the second half of the 20th century. The secret of the longevity of the Japanese is, first of all, their diet. It mostly includes seafood, which enrich the body with fluorine and iodine, soy, products from which have a positive effect on the condition of bones and prevent the occurrence of heart disease, as well as green tea - it activates the metabolism in the human body. Such national culinary preferences also contribute to the fact that in Japan only about three percent of the population is overweight.

In the Scandinavian countries, life expectancy, despite the cold climate and short summers, is also high - about 75-78 years. One of the secrets of the Scandinavian centenarians is eating fish with high content fat. It protects the joints, blood vessels, heart, and also helps to slow down the development of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, long life is also promoted by sports activities. fresh air- so, about 70 percent of the inhabitants of Finland are actively involved in this.

In Italy, the average life expectancy is approximately 77 years, despite the fact that Italy is one of the most smoking countries in Europe. Strong ties between relatives, eating hot peppers, as well as a mild maritime climate are considered the secrets of Italian longevity.

Another European country with a high life expectancy is France. There, this figure is almost 78 years - the highest in Europe. The secret here is not so much in the diet of the French (and they eat pates, cheeses, cream, meat and drink wine), but in the amount eaten at a time - French people usually eat in small portions and do it slowly.

The highest life expectancy outside of Europe is in Cuba at 76 years. Cubans live long despite the traditional smoking of strong cigars and a large number the coffee they consume. The secret here is believed to be in the excellent healthcare system on Liberty Island, as well as in the natural optimism of the Cubans.

But what about Russia? Where in our country do they live long?

How about in Russia?

As for Russia, in our country people live the longest in the Caucasus: in the mountainous regions of Karachay-Cherkessia, Dagestan, Chechnya and elsewhere in the region. According to 2003 data, in Abkhazia, for a population of about 215 thousand people, there were 250 people whose age was 100 years or more. The secret of Caucasian centenarians is mountain and sea air, unique nature and good ecology.

According to Rosstat data for June 2011, Ingushetia (78 years) ranks first in terms of life expectancy among Russian regions, Dagestan is second (74 years) and Moscow is third (slightly less than 74 years). The least live in Tuva - the life expectancy of men in this region is 54 years.

Did you know that life expectancy depends not only on our genes, physical activity and diet, but also on what country we live in? Thanks to the tremendous advancement of modern medicine, people around the world are living longer and longer. Based on data from the World Bank, the UN, Bloomberg news agency and reports from the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), a ranking of countries with the highest life expectancy was compiled. Do you want to know which countries these are? We present to your attention the top 10 countries where people live the longest.

10 PHOTOS

10. Norway.

The average life expectancy in the country is 81.3 years. Official retirement age- 67 years old. Currently, the group of people over 60 years of age make up 22 percent of the Norwegian population.

In the photo: Norway, Atlanterhavsvegen. (Photo: Marthe Marie Meltzer/Flikr.com).

The average life expectancy in France is 81.67 years. The official retirement age is 60. Pensioners over 60 make up 24 percent of the country's population.

Pictured: Paris, France. (Photo: Daniel Cheong).

The average Israeli citizen lives 81.76 years. Men retire at 67 and women at 62. 15 percent of Israel's population is over 60 years old.

In the photo: Israel, Tel Aviv. (Photo: ronsho/Flikr.com).

Swedes live an average of 81.8 years. They retire at the age of 65. Already more than 25 percent of the population of this country is over 60 years old. Interestingly, only 4.1 percent of Swedish pensioners live with their adult children. This is one of the lowest rates in the world.

Pictured: Stockholm, Sweden. (Photo: Tobias Lindman/Flikr.com).

81.85 years is the average life expectancy in Australia. The official retirement age for men is 65 and for women it is 64. Currently, 20 percent of Australian society is over 60 years of age.

Pictured: Sydney, Australia. (Photo: Yury Prokopenko/Flikr.com).

The average Italian lives 82.09 years. The retirement age for men is 65 years, for women - 60 years. People over the age of 60 make up 27 percent of the total Italian population.

In the photo: Italy, Manarola. (Photo: Dominic Boudreault/Flikr.com).

In Spain, live an average of 82.33 years. Both men and women at the age of 65 retire here. Persons over 60 make up 23 percent of the Spanish population.

In the photo: Spain, Barcelona. (Photo: Moyan Brenn/Flikr.com).

The average life expectancy in the country is 82.36 years, and the retirement age is 67 years. Due to the good demographic situation, the population over 60 years of age is only 17 percent. For your information: Iceland has one of the highest birth rates in Europe. 2. Japan.

The average Japanese citizen lives 82.59 years. The Japanese retire at the age of 65. People over the age of 60 make up 32 percent of the total population of the country - this is the highest figure in the world.

Pictured: Japan, Tokyo. (Photo: Marufish/Flikr.com).

The Swiss live the longest in the world at 82.70 years. The official retirement age in Switzerland is 65 for men and 64 for women. People over 60 make up 23 percent of the Swiss population.

In the photo: Switzerland, Lungern. (Photo: Anik Messier/Flikr.com)

For reference: the average life expectancy in Russia is 66.05 years; in Ukraine - 68.1 years; Belarus - 70.2 years.

March 21 - “News. Economy". Probably, many have heard about how unevenly distributed the population in the world. And in fact, most of the world's population lives in a very limited area, which captures China, India, Japan and some other countries South-East Asia. This region has a high population density. And if you look at the map below, it becomes clear how critical the situation in this region is. In compiling this map, experts compared different regions of the world in terms of population. As a result, each region was marked with a certain color. The area shown in red covers part of Bangladesh and three provinces in India. Country Region Population Bangladesh whole country 172,019,000 India Bihar 99,000,000 India West Bengal 90,320,000 India Jharkhand 32,000,000 This area is only 415,000 square kilometers. This area is smaller than one state of California in the United States. However, this small area is home to more people than all the blue areas on the map combined. At the same time, the regions indicated in blue on the map cover a significant territory of countries such as Canada, Australia, Norway, Sweden and Saudi Arabia. The territories of China, the USA and most of Russia are also partially shaded in blue. The following regions are marked in blue on the map: Country Region Population Canada Whole country 35,010,000 Saudi Arabia Whole country 28,123,000 Australia Whole country 22,280,000 Russia Siberian Federal District 19,254,300 Niger Whole country 18,124,000 Kazakhstan Whole country 16,137,000 Mali Entire country 14,478,000 Zambia Entire country 14,440,000 Russia Northwestern Federal District 13,583,800 Chad Entire country 12,620,000 cities of the world. The map below shows cities and population growth per hour. One of the important demographic trends in the world over the past century has been rapid urbanization. Back in 1950, less than 30% of the world's population lived in cities. However, experts predict that by 2030 over 60% of the world's population will live in cities.

Top 20 healthiest and happiest countries in the world Top 14 most optimistic countries Top 15 best countries in the world In developed countries, most of the population lives in cities. In the USA - 81% of the population, in Canada - 82%, in Australia - 89%, in Germany - 75%. Cities in these countries contribute a significant share to the GDP of their countries. Moreover, in the US, 52% of the total US production comes from just 20 agglomerations. The same pattern is observed in other countries of the world. According to McKinsey, the world's 600 largest cities generate 60% of the world's total manufacturing. It is the new economic opportunities that become the incentive that makes people leave the villages and move to the cities. Particularly rapid urban growth is observed in Africa and Asia. Countries such as China and India are leaders in urban growth and development. Population