"The woman is created for a man, not a man for a woman" - such a postulate ...
Eiffel Tower (Paris) - detailed description Photo, operation mode and ticket costs, location on the map.
Eiffel Tower (Paris)
Eiffel Tower is the main attraction of Paris, a real symbol of the capital of France. This is huge metallic structure More than 320 meters high (accurate height 324 meters) was built in 2 years and 2 months in 1889. Named in honor of the engineer Gustava Eiffel, which built it. The Eiffel himself called it just "three hundred meter tower." Interestingly, the Eiffel Tower was built as a temporary construction to the World Exhibition, held in Paris. But not only was not disassembled, but also turned into a real symbol of Paris and the most visited placket attraction in the world.
With the onset of darkness on the Eiffel Tower, beautiful light illuminations turn on.
History
To the global exhibition of 1889, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Great French Revolution, the city authorities wanted to build an architectural structure that would be proud of France. For this purpose, the competition among engineering bureaus was established. Received a proposal to participate in it and Eifel. Has Gustava had no idea. He rummaged in old eccuses and dug off the draft of the high-altitude steel tower, made by his employee - Maurice Keslene. The project was finalized and sent to the competition.
Of the 107 diverse projects 4 winners were selected. Among them, of course, the Eiffel project was. After making a draft amended on an increase in architectural attractiveness, he was recognized as the winner. In January 1887, an agreement for the construction of the tower was concluded between the Bureau of Eiffel and the municipal authority of Paris. At the same time, Eiffel was granted not only cash payment, but renting a tower for 25 years. Under the contract provided for disassembling the tower in 20 years, but it became so popular that it was decided to save.
- For the year, Eiffel Tower attended more than 5 million people. For all the time the tower has visited more than 250 million people. Colossal digit!
- The cost of construction amounted to 7.5 million francs and paid off for the exhibition period.
- For the construction of the tower, more than 18 thousand were used. metal parts and 2.5 million ripples.
- The weight of the facility is more than 10 thousand tons.
- Creative people Paris adversely perceived this structure, believing that it does not fit into the architecture of the city. They were repeatedly directed to the mayor of the petition with a call to stop building or dismantle it. So, for example, one of her famous opponents - Guy de Maupassan often dined in a restaurant located in the tower. When asked why he is so often here? He answered that this is the only place in Paris, where her (tower) is not visible.
The mode of operation of the Eiffel Tower
Operating mode Eiffel Tower following:
- From 9.00 to 12.00 from June to September.
- From 9.00 to 23.00 in the remaining months.
Ticket price
On the 2nd floor on the elevator
- Adults - 11 euros.
- Youth from 12 to 24 years old - 8.5 euros
- Children under 12 years old - 4 euros
On the 2nd floor on the stairs
- Adults - 7 euros.
- Youth from 12 to 24 years old - 5 euros
- Children under 12 years old - 3 euros
On the vertex on the elevator
- Adults - 17 euros.
- Youth from 12 to 24 years old - 14.5 euros
- Children under 12 years old - 8 euros
How to get
- RER - Line C, Champ de Mars - Tour Eiffel
- Metro - line 6, Bir-Hakeim, line 9, Trocadero.
- Bus - 82, 87, 42, 69, Tour Eiffel or Champ de Mars
The most talented, thoughtful and successful provocation in architecture - in no way can I describe this iron lady. No, still she is not Madame, but Madmoiselle, elegant and slim. In short, Eiffel Tower - La Tour Eiffel!
We are with you in Paris. And, by visiting, walking by, having studied the sculptures and memorable inscriptions on the Square de Gaulle Square, did not hurry on the Aristocratic Avenue Cleber to the Torokdero Square. A very unhurried walk took only half an hour. And here she, Eiffel Tower. "Bergère ô Tour Eiffel", "the great French poet Guillaine Apolliner wrote at the beginning of the 20th century. - "Cowingle, about the tower of the Eiffel!"
How to get to the Eiffel Tower
For us traveling along the capital of France, Eiffel Tower is very comfortable. Firstly, it is known to be visible from everywhere, and secondly, it is not only terrestrial and underground, but also waterways. After all, it stands on the shore of the Seine.
Bus routes No. 82 are nearby - Stop "Eiffel Tower" ("Tour Efel" - "Tour Eiffel") or "Marso Field" ("Shang Dy Mars" - "Champs De Mars"), No. 42 - Stop "Eiffel Tower" , № 87 - Stop "Marso Field" and No. 69 - also "Marso Field".
River trams - Bato-Mush (Bateaux-Mouches) - moor and right at the foot of the Eiffel Tower, and on the other coast of the Seine, the Alma Bridge. Therefore, after you return from Heaven (I mean from the tower) to the ground, you can continue your acquaintance with Paris on the open deck of a shoe-fly, disperse Water Seine.
Metro stations near the big cowlushka several: "Passy" ("Passy"), "Shang Day Mars - Tour Efel" ("Champs de Mars - Tour Eiffel"), "Bir-Aquen" ("Bir-Hakeim"), which is named In honor of the fighting of the French with the troops of the Hitler's array of Rommel in May-June 1942 in Libya. However, I highly recommend you to the Troocadero station (Trocadéro) - it is in the post. Hence the shortest but beautiful hiking to the Eiffel Tower.
A little trocader
Arriving for the first time in Paris, I did not see any sights on the first day. But it is here, on the Torocader's Square, coming to a broad Esplanade, the ripped giant horseshoe Palace Shao, understood: I'm really in Paris! Because in all its glory and in full height in front of me opened chief symbol The Paris Capital is the Eiffel Tower in the light lace from the iron head to stone spots.
Then it seemed to me that I came up with the original perspective for photographing: you need to slightly beaten a sideline, put the hand to the same side, and if the photographer compatates you from the tower, then the picture will turn out if you are on it (tower). And you are with her almost one growth. How much how many similar pictures came across for me since my "opening" years! ..
Make a bunch of photos, admire the amazing view of another architectural axis of Paris: Trocadero - Yen Bridge - Eiffel Tower - Marso Field - Military Academy - Fontainaua Square - Avenue Sax (not in honor of the inventor of the saxophone, and in memory of Marshal Moriza Saxon). And it closes this axis another tower - Montparnasse, the Movement Eiffel ... Do not hurry, especially if you came here, on Esplanada, in the evening. At sunset here is especially beautiful.
Between the case you can look at the Museum of the Movie, the Naval Museum and the Museum of the Museum, and if you go from the palace and take a little left, you will find the "Aquarium of Paris" - they say as if all the inhabitants of French rivers and even With mermaids! 
Well, now let's appreciate the "Trocadero" park expanded right in front of us with its largest fountain in Paris: among the gold-plated statues, the tons of water are escaping from dozens of waterballs located with a cascade.
In the summer in the heat I advise you to lie down on the emerald lawn by the fountain and refreshing the cool water dust before throwing the Eiffel Tower through the Yen Bridge.
History of the Eiffel Tower. World Gate.
In the meantime, refreshing at the fountain, let's remember, "where there is a" Eiffel Tower "from there.
IN late XIX. The century on our planet appeared fashion to hold world exhibitions and show all that your country invented new and retained the old good one. In 1889, the honor to pursue such an exhibition fell out. In addition, the reason was the appropriate - the 100th anniversary of the Great French Revolution. What to surprise guests? Paris's Municipality decided to decorate the entrance to the exhibition with an unusual arch. Announced the competition among French engineers, in which Gustave Eiffel (Gustave Eiffel) took part. Here it is in the picture.
Honestly, the Eiffel itself has no ideas about the decoration of the exhibition gate. But in the engineering office headed by him, talented employees worked. For example, Maurice Keshelin (Maurice Koechlin), which was lit up the drawing of the high-altitude tower. Her and took what is called, as a basis. Calling on the face of another colleague, Emil Nougier (Émile Nouguier), polished the project to the brilliance. And won in the competition, eclipsed more than hundreds of competitors! Among them and the one who suggested building the gate of the exhibition in the form of a giant guillotine. What's wrong? Anniversary of the revolution! ..
True, the urban authorities wanted something very much more than just a metal structure, even if very high-tech. And then the Eifel turned to the architect Stephen Sauvestre. He added architectural excesses to the Tower project, which made it irresistible: Arches, a rounded top, trimmed with a stone of support ... In January 1887, the city hall of Paris and Eifel hit hands, and construction began.
It was incredible even at the current rates of the pace - in two years and two months the tower was ready. Moreover, it collected it from 18,038 parts with a 2.5 million rivets of only 300 workers. It's all about a clear organization of Labor: Eiffel made the exact drawings and ordered the main parts of the tower to prepare for the installation on the ground. Moreover, with drilled holes and for the most part, rivets already inserted into them. And there, in the swellings, all-in-line installers remained only to docile the details of this gigantic designer.
Six months worked by the World Exhibition in Paris. During this time, you came to the tower and 2 million people came to the city. Despite the protests of 300 representatives of the cultural community (including Maupassant, Duma-Son, Charles Guno), who believed that the tower of Paris urged, by the end of the 1889th year of birth of the tower - it was possible to "repel" 75 percent of its construction costs. Given that another 25 percent of Eifel got from the city treasury at the conclusion of the contract, a successful engineer was able to immediately go to making money with the help of his iron brain. After all, by the same Agreement with the mayor's tower, Gyustuu Eifel, was transferred to a quarter of a century! Not Divo, that soon he bought off his colleagues from his colleagues, all the rights to their general seems to be an idea and could even afford to equip an apartment on her last, the third floor.
In this housing in the seventh heaven, Eiffel in 1899 received the famous American inventor Thomas Edison. They say that they meet with coffee, brandy and cigars - lasted ten hours. And I saw with my own eyes: they are sitting there, at the very top of the tower, so far! And the maid at the sideline froze in anticipation: what else will the Lord engineers do? But engineers also froze in their century conversation. Yes, don't they wax?
Check without fail! It's time to start the rise.
Now upstairs
The tower does not know the holidays and weekends, it is open to visitors every day in winter from 9.30 to 23.00, and in the summer - from 9.00 to 24.00.
Warning immediately: the queue for tickets to the Eiffel Tower may be long: and two, and three hours (take a look at the photo).
It is best to come here in the evening when the tower is beautiful not only with pre-ordered species, but also some recession of the tourist flux that is washing all four of her supports. In them, by the way, there are cash regulations. After 20.00, you can spend in the queue of just an hour and a half, or even an hour at all.
There is an option to order tickets via the Internet. Although on the website of the Eiffel Tower Tower, as a rule, sold a month ahead. But you do not have to lose the precious Parisian time under the iron shepherds reflected in the hay of the clouds. True, I will have a visit to her exactly to the time specified in the ticket. This is not an exaggeration: late - they will not be allowed any floor and the ticket is annulled.
Tickets are equally both at the box office and on the site. I ask you: do not buy tickets from hand. Never! And in general, do not buy anything in Paris. Is that fried chestnuts.
Know and remember:
- climb On the elevator by 3rd floor The Eiffel Tower, on the very top, stands for an adult 17 euros, for teenagers and young people from 12 to 24 years old - 14.5 euros, children from 4 to 11 years old - 8 euros;
- lifting on elevator for the 2nd floor: Adults - 11 euros, adolescents and young people from 12 to 24 years old - 8.5 euros, children from 4 to 11 years old - 4 euros;
- lifting the stairs on the 2nd floor: Adults - 7 euros, teenagers and youth from 12 to 24 years old - 5 euros, children from 4 to 11 years old - 3 euros. Keep in mind: when climbing the stairs you will have to overcome 1674 steps. Legs!
Prices for group visits are exactly the same, only 20 people relies on a free guide.
To get to the very top, tell the word "Sommet" flyer (SOMOM), that is, the "top". And if the third floor is not closed for repairs, you will go there without a delay in the second floor, where you would have to buy a ticket again - now at the mark "276 meters".
Go!
Calculate the queue or having time for the term of its e-ticket, you enter the elevator. This will be one of the two historical elevators installed in 1899 by FIV-Lille ("FiveS-Lill"). He will take you to the second floor. And from there we will go higher on a more modern (1983) Otis elevator.
What seemed to be seen on the Eiffel Tower? Not from her, namely on it. Believe me, you should look not only from top to bottom, but also on the sides.
First floor of the Eiffel Tower
Here I recently updated the Salon of the Gustava Eiffel, and now he can take from 200 participants of any conference to 300 guests of the buffet. Want to sit down? The hall accommodates 130 guests invited to dinner. For private lunch (from 50 euros) or dinner (from 140 euros), you can order a table in the restaurant "58 Tour Eiffel". The figure in the name of no accident - at such a height (in meters) is the establishment. His charm is also in the fact that the cost of your lift on a separate (!) The elevator is already included in the restart account.
Here, on the first floor, a transparent floor appeared in the 2013th, so see ... See, no matter how your head has spinning! Here you will show you a description of the three walls by the seven spotlights of the play "On the Universe Eiffel Tower". Nearby there is a recreation area where you can sit down, there are benches where you can buy souvenirs. Schurdogoga, but on the most Eiffel Tower. And also, they say, in the winter on the first floor they pour the rink!
Second floor of the Eiffel Tower
Here, in addition to the excellent review of Paris, you will be served to dine or rebound in the restaurant "Jules Verne" (entrance to the elevator who is responsible for you personally before him, in the picture). A great fictionist and a fideller who predicted many familiar innovative inventions is perpetuated by a catering point at an altitude of 115 meters. Prices here, truth, also fantastic: two times higher than the floor below. Expensive? And on the first, and on the second floors there are buffets with "homemade sandwichs", pastries and drinks are hot and cold.
Third floor of the Eiffel Tower
Well, finally, the third floor will suggest you to celebrate the climbing at the highest point of Paris by a glass of champagne for the transitional price - from 12 to 21 euros per 100 grams. In addition, you will be able to see the glass of the Eiffel apartment (where he talks to Edison), look close to the antennas, who mastered the head of the Iron Cowness, and make sure that it was from here in 1921 first went to the broadcast broadcast, and in 1935 television signal
Another personal Council: We decided to climb the third floor of the Eiffel Tower - take warm things with you, even if there is a terrible heat on the streets of Paris. At almost 300-meter height blowing the piercing cold wind. And the tower bends and creak. Just joking, do not creak. Nuts, but deviates only 15-20 centimeters at the highest point - at an altitude of 324 meters.
* * *
It's surprising: the contract with Gustave Eiffel, Paris, has concluded for 20 years, and after the tower was prescribed to disassemble. Where there! Who would allow! Everyone got used to, loved ... In 1910, Eifel extended the Tower lease agreement for another 70 years.
For a long time they subsided argued around the Parisian Cowlushka, in 1923 her creator died, and she was all worth and rust. Because it is repainted in a few years, spending up to 60 tons of paint of a special kaper "Brown-Eiffel". And for a long time ago, no one can imagine Paris without this windmill Madmoiselle.
While we took off to the skies and descended from the clouds to the ground, the night came. This means that you are waiting with you.
The Eiffel Tower has already joined the city landscape of Paris and became his symbol. But it is also not only the property of all France, but also a monument to the great technical achievements of the late XIX century.
Who built the Eiffel Tower?
From the second half of the XIX century, progress rushes many countries of the world to build high-rise structures. Many of the projects still have tortured defeat, but there were those engineers who firmly believed to success their ideas. Just as the latter belonged to Gustave Eifel.
Gustave Eifel
By the century of the industrial revolution in 1886, Paris opens the competition for the creation of new outstanding achievements of modernity. In his own way, this event was to become one of the most prominent events of his time. During this idea, the Palace of Metal and Glass Machines, destroyed at the beginning of the 20th century, appeared, and the famous Eiffel Tower in Paris with a height of 1,000 feet.
Work on the project of the Eiffel Tower began in 1884. By the way, the Eifel was not a newcomer of his case, before that he brilliantly managed to find decisions in the construction of railway bridges. He provided about 5,000 sheets of drawings of the Tower details on an original scale of the projects. The project was approved, but it was just the beginning hard work. Before Eifel perpetuates his name in history, remained 3 years.
Construction of the Eiffel Tower
Construction of the tower in the middle of the city Many famous residents did not accept. Writers, artists, sculptors, architects performed with a protest against this construction, violating, in their opinion, the original beauty of Paris.
But, nevertheless, the work continued. A huge 5-meter pitan was died, which was installed four 10-meter blocks under each tower leg. Additionally, each of the 16 tower supports was supplied with hydraulic jacks to obtain an ideal horizontal level. Without this idea, the construction of the tower could be laid forever.
July 1888
250 workers were able to revive the highest tower of their time in the world in just 26 months. Here it is only worth more than once again envy the capabilities of the Eiffel in the field of accurate calculations and the organization of work. The height of the Eiffel Tower is 320 meters, the total weight is about 7,500 tons.
The tower is divided into three tiers - 60 meters, 140 meters and 275 meters. Four elevators inside the legs of the tower raise visitors to the second. The fifth elevator is already on the third level. On the first floor there is a restaurant, on the second, the editorial office of the newspaper, the Eiffel Cabinet was located on the third.
Despite early criticism, the tower organically fit into the views of the city and quickly became a symbol of Paris. Only during the exhibition there were about two million people here, some of which were closer to the top of the top.
With the end of the exhibition, the tower was decided to demolish. Salvation has become new technologies - radio. The highest construction quickly installed antennas. In subsequent years, television, radar service antennas installed on it. Here is the meteorological station and broadcasting of urban services.
Up to construction in 1931, Empire State Building Tower remained the most high constructions in the world. It is difficult to present the city of Paris without this glorious image.
Building Eiffel TowerSubsequently, the symbol of Paris ended in 1889, it was originally conceived as a temporary structure that served as the entrance arch of the Paris World Exhibition of 1889.
The exhibition took place in Paris and was timed to the century of the anniversary of the Great French Revolution. The Paris City Administration appealed to famous French engineers with a proposal to take part in the architectural competition. In such a competition, it was necessary to find a structure, visible demonstrating engineering and technological achievements of the country.
Sasha Mitrahovich 19.01.2016 13:02
1886 year. Three years later, the World Industrial Exhibition Expo will begin work in Paris. Exposure organizers announced a contest for a temporary architectural structure, which would have served the entrance to the exhibition and personify technical revolution His time, the beginning of the grand transformations in the life of humanity. The estimated building was supposed to generate income and be easily dismantled.
On May 1, 1886, a competition of architectural and engineering projects opened in France for the future worldwide exhibition, which was attended by 107 applicants. There were various extravagant ideas on consideration, among them, for example, a giant guillotine, which was supposed to remind the French revolution of 1789. 
Among the participants of the competition was the engineer and designer Gustave Eiffel, who proposed the project, unprecedented even then in world construction, - 300-meter metal tower, is the highest structure in the world. He very much did the idea of \u200b\u200bthe tower, he learned from the drawings of the employees of his company Maurice Köhlen and Emil Nugye. Gustav Eifel gets a joint patent for the project, and later it turns out and the exclusive right to the future Eiffel Tower.
The project of the Eiffel becomes one of the 4 winners and then the engineer contributes to it the final changes, finding a compromise between the initial pure engineering scheme of construction and decorative option. Thanks to the changes made by the engineer in decorative decoration The towers, the organizers of the competition preferred its "iron lady".
In the end, the Committee stops on the Eiffel Plan, although the very idea of \u200b\u200bthe tower belonged not to him, and his two employees: Mauris Köhlenu and Emil Nugje. To gather for two years such a complex structure, as the tower, it was possible only because the Eifel applied special design methods. This explains the decision of the Exhibition Committee in favor of this project.
In order for the tower more than answered the aesthetic tastes of the demanding Parisian public, the architect Stefan Sovietar suggested that shelter the base of the tower of the Tower with a stone, to link her supports and the ground floor platform with the help of majestic arches, which would be simultaneously the main entrance to the exhibition, place on the floors of the tower, spacious glazed halls, give the tower of the tower rounded shape and use a variety decorative elements For her decoration.
In January 1887, Eiffel, the state and the municipality of Paris signed an agreement according to which Eifel was provided to the personal use of the tower operating lease for a period of 25 years, and also provided for the payment of a monetary subsidy in the amount of 1.5 million gold francs, which was 25% of all expenses on Construction of the tower. December 31, 1888 in order to attract missing funds, it is created joint-stock company With the statutory foundation 5 million francs. Half of this amount - the means made by three banks, the second half - personal means of the Eiffel itself.
The final construction budget amounted to 7.8 million francs.
- Eiffel Tower - This is the emblem of Paris and the high-altitude antenna.
- At the same time, 10,000 people can be on the tower.
- The project was the architect Stefan Soviet, but built a tower engineer Gustave Eifel (1823-1923), a better known public. Other works of Eiffel: Ponte de Don Maria Pia, Viaduct de Garabi, Iron frame for the New York Statue of Freedom.
- From the moment of the appearance of the tower, it was visited by about 250 million people.
- The mass of the metal part of the design is 7,300 tons, and the entire tower is 10,100 tons.
- In 1925, the passing of Viktor Lustigu managed to sell iron construction on scrap metal, and he was able to turn this trick twice!
- In good weather, from the top of the Paris Tower and its surroundings, you can view up to 70 kilometers within a radius. It is believed that optimal time to visit the Eiffel Tower, providing the best visibility - an hour before sunset.
- The tower belongs to the sad record - about 400 people committed suicide, rushing down from its top platform. In 2009, the terrace was protected by protective barriers and now this place is very popular with romantic couples kissing in front of the entire Paris.
Sasha Mitrahovich 19.01.2016 13:32
One of the most talented freshers of the 20th century was Count Victor Lustig (1890-1947). This man owned five languages, received excellent upbringing. He was a muster and fearless. It is known 45 of its pseudonyms, and only in the USA it was arrested 50 times.
"As far as the fools are in the world, a deception of living to us, it became, with hands."
Smart fraudsters who use for their purposes not too smart fellow citizens - a great set. But to your name It has entered not only in the criminal chronicles, but also in legends - you need to truly possess outstanding abilities. One of these fraudsters is Victor Lustig.
Among his features, both small sacraments and grandiose scams are listed. The young man from a poor Czech family seemed to be broken by the Austrian Count. And so skillfully adhered to this role - that no one had doubts about his title. Free possession of five languages, knowledge of all the thinons of secular and business etiquetteThe ability to freely stay in society - these are the qualities, thanks to which he was both in the highest light and in a gangster environment. However, besides the native "graphic" surname, a sinister used several more dozen pseudonyms for his activity. Under them, Victor traveled to various cruises and arranged various draws and lotteries on board vessels, from those today we are familiar with the "scammers". 
Fair game, or scam with Al Capone
One of the legends associated with the name of Lustiga was the story of his "cooperation" with Al Capone. Once, in 1926, a high, well-dressed young man visited the famous gangster of that time. The man introduced himself as a graph Victor Lustig. He asked him to give him 50 thousand dollars to double this amount.
Gangster was not at all sorry to invest in a dubious enterprise such a minor amount, and he gave them a count. The term for performing conceived - 2 months. Lustig took money, put them in a bank safe in Chicago, and then went to New York. Lustig did not make an attempt to double the amount left in Chicago.
Two months later he returned, took the money from the bank and went to Gangster. There he apologized, said that the plan did not work and gave money back. Gangster replied to this: "I expected 100 thousand dollars or nothing. But ... Return my money back ... Yes, you fair man! If you have difficulty, take at least it. " And gave Count 5 thousand dollars. But these 5 thousand were the goal of the lasty scam! 
Scrap metal, or how to sold the Eiffel Tower
But what is "award" of five thousand? Yes, and those sums that Victor left as a result of lotteries, frauds with banks and not too honest poker games, seemed to him meager. The soul demanded a scope. So that the fraud was ambitious. Well, the revenue amount, of course, should also not fall behind.
Lustigs eager formed and the appropriate case did not make himself wait long. In May 1925, Victor Lustig with his friend and companion, Dan Collins arrived in Paris. On the very first day, on arrival, their attention attracted an article in a local newspaper. It described in it that the famous is in a terrible condition and the city authorities consider the option of dismantling it. 
The idea of \u200b\u200ba brilliant scam was born instantly. To implement it, a smart room has a lounge room on an expense hotel and made documents claiming that Viktor Lustig is the deputy head of the Ministry of Mail and Telegraph. Then the invitations of the five largest metal traders were sent out. The letters contained an invitation to an important and absolutely secret meeting with the deputy general Director Department at the Krirlon Hotel, at that time - the most prestigious hotel of Paris.
Having encountered guests in luxury apartments, Lustig began to lead a lengthy point that the content Eiffel Tower Conducts a state in a penny. That it was built as a temporary construction for the World Exhibition in Paris, and now, after 30 years, heathed so much that it simply represents a threat to Paris and the city authorities are considering the possibility of demolition of the tower. Therefore, among those present, a kind of tender for the purchase of the tower was announced.
A similar offer could not unbeate the interest among invited, but especially by Andre Poisson became interested. He inspired not only the obvious financial benefit from the transaction, but also the opportunity to enter the story. Maybe this particular idea was noticed by Lustig and it was he who was the reason that a confidential meeting was appointed for some time.
During this meeting, Victor Lustig was somewhat restless. He told Poisson that he had every chance to win a tender and for complete victory you only need a little "promote" your candidacy with a small remuneration to Victor personally. Prior to this meeting, MSA Poisson had suspicions: why all the meetings associated with the tender occur in such a secret environment, and not yet in the office of the ministry, but the hotel's room. But such extortion on the part of the official, oddly enough, dispelled the last doubts of Poisson regarding a suspicious transaction. He counted several major bills and persuaded the lounge to take them, then discharged a check on a quarter of a million francs, received documents on the Eiffel Tower and served satisfied. When Monsieu Poisson began to suspect a nonlade, Victor Lustig was already disappeared in Vienna with a suitcase of cash received by the Imp written. 
Even despite the fact that Victor Lustig came across the police for more than fifty times - he always managed to leave dry out of the water. The police had to let go of a talented fraudster, because they simply had no fortunded evidence to prove his guilt. Victor Lustig was not only a talented sweat, but also a good psychologist. Most of the victims of the victims did not appeal to the police, not wanting to look fools in the eyes of the public. Even Monsieur Poisson, "bought" the Eiffel Tower for a solid amount was rather ready to part with money than becoming a mad of all Paris and lose his reputation as an insightful businessman. 
The story with the Eiffel Tower became the swan song of lounge. Some time after a deal with Poisson, he returned to Paris and decided to sell the tower once again one of the participants in the tender. But the deceived dealers quickly dug a fraudster and told the police. Lustigu managed to escape from the French police to the United States. But there he was caught and devoted to the court. American justice has also accumulated a lot of complaints about a talented sweater. In December 1935, the count arrested. He received 15 years in prison for fake dollars, as well as 5 years old for just a month ago, escape from another prison. He was transferred to the famous Island-Prison Alcataraz near San Francisco, where he died of pneumonia in March 1947.
Sasha Mitrahovich 19.01.2016 14:08
For 100 years the undisputed symbol of Paris, and, perhaps, the whole of France is the Eiffel Tower. Being in Paris, anyone seeks to see this "triumph of technical thought of the XIX century."
In the horizontal projection, the Eiffel Tower is based on a square of 1.6 hectares. Together with the antenna, its height is 320.75 meters, and it weighs 8,600 tons. As experts assure, in the process of its construction, 2.5 million rivets were used, in order for a smooth bend. 12,000 parts for the tower were manufactured at the most accurate drawings. In addition, the highest tower in the world has been mounted 250 workers in amazing short term.
The location of the Eiffel Tower
The main attraction of Paris is located on a Mars Field - a former military fence, which subsequently transformed into a beautiful park. Currently, the park, the planning of which was changed by the architect forming in 1908-1928, divided into broad alleys decorated with flower beds and small reservoirs.
The Eiffel Tower is located next to the Central Embankment of the Seine, near the Mon De-Jena bridge. A tower is visible from many points of Paris. Now it is considered to decorate the city. Although it is necessary to admit that a specially decorated tower during construction. The Eiffel first had an idea to place decorative statues at the corners of each platform, but then he refused this venture, leaving only openwork arches, as they fit into a strict image image.
The acceleration of the technical progress of the XIX century led to revolutionary changes in architecture. In various projects of grand altitude structures arise. At this time, radical transformations in architecture occurred: Glass and steel became new building materialThe most relevant task to make any building is light, dynamic, modern. Figuratively speaking, the engineer finally replaced the architect.
The Government of the Third Republic decided to hit the imagination of contemporaries, building the construction of which the world had not yet seen. The exhibition was to demonstrate the achievements of technical progress. In 1886, a competition for the best is announced in Paris architectural project For the World Exhibition of 1889, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Great French Revolution. The Eiffel Tower plan was designed by Maurice Koshlin in 1884. Gustava Eifel (he is still known to build a frame for the famous) interested this project, and he decided to translate him into life. The plan of the future tower was significantly complemented and adopted by the Commission in June 1886. True, an unrealistic short term was allocated to the construction of the structure - only 2 years, and the tower was to be ascended by 1000 feet (304.8 meters). But Eiffel did not stop it. By this time, he was a rather strong professional in his area. They were erected a large number of Railway bridges, and its feature of his style was that it was able to find extraordinary engineering solutions to complex technical problems. In November 1886, funds were allocated to the construction of this miracle of modernity.
On January 28, 1887, construction began on the left bank of the village. A year and a half was spent on the foundation laying, and on the installation of the tower went out only a little more than eight months.
During the foundation laying, it was carried out up to 5 meters below the level of the hay, the blocks of 10-meter thickness were laid, for the unconditional guarantee of stability could not be neglected. In each of the four foundations for tower legs, hydraulic presss were mounted with a carrying capacity of up to 800 tons. 16 Supports on which the tower holds (four in each of the four "legs"), were equipped with hydraulic lifting devices, in order to provide a completely accurate horizontal level of the first platform.
Immediately during the construction of elevators were installed. The four elevators inside the legs of the tower rose to the second platform, the fifth goes from the second to the third platform. Initially, the elevators were hydraulic, but at the beginning of the 20th century they were electrified. Only once, during 1940, the tower was completely closed, as all elevators were refused. Because of the fact that the Germans at this time entered the Germans, no one was doing to the repair of the tower. Elevators were repaired only after 4 years.
On March 31, 1889, the solemn discovery of the Eiffel Tower took place. Under the patriotic sounds of "Mosselease" Gustav Eiffel climbed at 1792 steps and hoisted the flag. Eiffel Tower was erected in spent deadlines, for 26 months. Moreover, the accuracy of its design just amazed, everything was measured to the smallest detail. Until 1931 (date of construction of the Empire State Building Skyscraper) The tower was even considered the highest construction on our planet.
Of course, the project was ambitious, but at one time he met a mass of sarcasm and censures. The Eiffel Tower called the "monster in nuts." Many believed that she would not have a short time and would soon collapse. In the distant XIX century, the tower terribly did not like the Parisians, indignantly, Hugo and Nazill. Great cultural figures wrote long angry letters with a requirement to immediately remove this "grommet" from Paris's streets.
Maupassan regularly dined in the restaurant at the very top of the tower. To the question why he does it, if the tower does not like it terribly, Maupassan answered: "This is the only place in all huge Paris, from where it is not visible." Vidnid artists indisted: "In the name of a genuine taste, in the name of art, in the name of the history of France, which is now under threat, we are writers, artists, sculptors, architects, passionate fans so far the impeccable beauty of Paris, with a deep perturbation protest against the construction In the very heart of our capital of the useless and monstrous Eiffel Tower. "
Even some members of the Commission who gave good to the construction of the tower, said that this construction would not have a little more than 20 years old, after this period she had to demolish it, otherwise the tower would simply collapse into the city. It is worth noting that today, despite the fact that the Eiffel Tower has long been recognized as a symbol of France, some with disregard relate to this achievement of modern construction.
Many times in history discussed the issue of demolition of the tower different reasons (Including that some ministers believed that this is extra money investment). A serious threat to the tower existed in 1903, when even money was allocated for dismantling. Saved the tower only the appearance of radio. She began the support of the antennas for, then television and radar service.
Now, of course, there is no doubt about the need for the Eiffel Tower. The tower is unique, where the study of daily oscillations of electricity, the degree of contamination and the level of radiation of the atmosphere is carried out. From here broadcasts its programs Paris. It has a transmitter that provides the connection between the police and firefighters. The highest platform has a diameter of 1.7 meters. It has a lighthouse. The light of its searchlights is visible at a distance of 70 kilometers.
Eiffel Tower Nowadays
The base of the Eiffel Tower is a square with parties at 123 meters. Its lower tier, having a truncated pyramid, consists of four powerful supports, the lattice designs of which, connecting with each other, form huge arches.
The tower has three floors. The first is at an altitude of 57 m, the second is 115 m and the third to 276 m. In addition, it is noticeable because of its considerable growth, the tower stands out by even intense illumination. In 1986, the external night lighting of the tower was replaced by the lighting system from the inside, so after the occurrence of darkness it looks just magnificent.
The Eiffel Tower is very stable: strong rejects it with a vertex of only 10 - 12 centimeters. In heat from uneven heating sunny rays It can deviate 18 centimeters. 1910, flooded pylons of the tower, did not hurt it.
Initially, the tower was a symbol of revolution. She had to show technical achievements of France over the past 10 years. The tower has never been just decoration. So, immediately after the opening of the Eiffel Tower, there was a restaurant that had an unprecedented success. 10 years later, another restaurant was still open. On the second, at an altitude of 116 meters, the newspaper "Figaro" equipped its editors. In the times of the Empire and during the revolution, numerous and crowded festivities were held on the Eiffel Tower. There are viewing platforms on the tower that enjoy tremendous popularity among tourists. A particularly clear look can cover the distance by a radius of up to 70 km. And in 2004, a icy rink opened here. It was mounted at the 57-meter height of the first floor of the tower for one and a half weeks. Square in 200 square meters You can simultaneously ride 80 guests of the tower.
Every year, Eiffel Tower visits more than 6 million people. Contemporary elevators are delivered to viewing sites with pylon tubes, restaurants, souvenir shops and the Museum "Tour Eiffel". To see this miracle with their own eyes, many people of the planet are still dreaming.
