Disassemble the offer under the number 4 online to disassemble. Learning to write competently: syntactic analysis of the proposal - an example of complex revolutions

Today we continue to study a complex proposal, in this lesson will learn to make it a syntactic analysis.

1. Determine the type of proposal for the purpose of the statement ( narrative, questioning, motivating).

2. Determine the type of intrusion proposal ( exclamation, unkonsectative).

3. Allocate simple proposals in the composition of complex, determine their bases.

4. Determine the means of communication of simple proposals in the complex ( union, Nessuzny).

5. Allocate secondary members in each of the parts of a complex proposal, to specify whether it is common or unprosted.

6. Mark the presence of homogeneous members or circulation.

Proposition 1 (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. Proposition 1.

Offer narrative, unkonsectant, complex (has two grammatical foundations), the Allied (connected by the Union and), and the first, and the second units are unprosted (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Debriefing Proposition 1

Proposition 2 (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Proposition 2.

Offer narrative, unkonsectative, complex, non-union. The first part is common (there is a definition), the second is not prolonged (Fig. 4).

Fig. 4. Debriefing Proposition 2

Perform a syntactic analysis of the proposal (Fig. 5).

Fig. 5. Offer

Offer narrative, unkonsectant, complex, union. The first part is common, complicated by homogeneous faugible. The second part is common.

Fig. 6. Debriefing

Bibliography

1. Russian. Grade 5. In 3 parts of Lviv S.I., Lvov V.V. 9th ed., Pererab. - M.: 2012 Part 1 - 182 p., Part 2 - 167 p., Part 3 - 63 p.

2. Russian. Grade 5. Tutorial in 2 parts. Ladyzhenskaya TA, Baranov M.T., Tostentsova L.A. and others - M.: Enlightenment, 2012. - Part 1 - 192 p.; Part 2 - 176 p.

3. Russian. Grade 5. Tutorial / Ed. Razumovskaya M.M., Redeanta P.A. - M.: 2012 - 318 p.

4. Russian. Grade 5. Tutorial in 2 parts Fishchekova L.M. et al. - M.: Enlightenment, 2014. - Part 1 - 127 p., Part 2 - 160 s.

1. Internet site of the festival of pedagogical ideas "Open Lesson" ()

Homework

1. What is the procedure for the syntactic pavement of a complex supply?

2. What are the complex proposals on the communication means between parts?

3. Emphasize the grammatical foundations in the sentence:

Approached the dawn rushing, heaven to heavenly.

Syntax is the most difficult section of the modern Russian language. At school, the syntactic analysis of the proposal almost always causes serious difficulties, since when analyzing it is necessary to use the previously obtained knowledge comprehensively: to be able to distinguish part of speech, refer to information from vocabulary, it is excellent to navigate in the semantic load and functions of different sentences, correctly indicate simple proposals in the composition Complex and determine their role.

At school and university, various requirements for syntactic analysis of the sentence are presented. Schoolchildren usually denote parts of speech, when analyzing commenting on every word. The requirement is due to the fact that for the correct analysis it is necessary to know the morphology well, it is impossible to confuse the concepts of syntax and morphology (there is a common error when the parts of the speech and the members of the sentence are mixed). On the philological faculties of different higher educational institutions Schemes of the syntactic parsing are individual: it depends on which learning complex is being trained, which are methodical development At the department. When preparing for admission, the applicant will need to find out the requirements of a particular university, otherwise the analysis can be recognized as incorrect.

To properly make a syntactic analysis of the sentence, you need to master the large amount of theory, be able to accurately use terms, get a practical skill. Practice plays a particularly important role, so it is advisable to regularly train, analyzing suggestions of different levels difficulties.

Strict requirements are presented to the syntactic analysis: it can only be done on a clear scheme, not retreating from the given algorithm. Often, it is also necessary to draw a graphical scheme of the sentence, reflecting in it levels of membership, the dependence of simple proposals from each other. Also members of the sentence are graphically allocated. different signs Directly in the text (several types of substitution lines).

General scheme of syntactic discharge offer
Exists general schemeAccording to which the syntactic analysis of the proposal is carried out. It varies depending on specific requirements, but the main base remains the same.

1. The purpose of the statement is indicated: a narrative, incentive, question offer.
   
2. At this stage, it should be written, what proposal is to intonation: exclamation or non-visible.
   
3. The type of sentence is determined: simple or complex consisting of several simple.
   
4. Complex proposals need to specify the type of design: simple (same type), complicated ( different types links between simple proposals in the composition of complex).
   
5. It is indicated by the type of communication of the proposals: allied, non-union.
   
6. Allied proposals have two types: complex and complex.
   
7. For a complex proposal, the type of appendage is determined: the definition, thantening, circumstantial, attachment;
   
8. Need to designate the type of circumstant put supply offer:
   • image image;
     
   • places;
     
   • time;
     
   • conditions;
     
   • measures and degrees;
     
   • comparisons;
     
   • concessions;
     
   • consequences;
     
   • goals;
     
   • the reasons.
     
9. If the proposal is complex, a description of the communication of parts in the complex is performed. Parts are numbered, all types of communication are indicated (non-union and union, supervisory and writing), if necessary, make membership on levels.
   
10. Then go to the characteristic of each simple sentence, indicating its number.
    
11. An analysis of a simple proposal continues the indication of the main members: single-maintained or twisted.
    
12. A single offer is determined by its type: called, generalized personal, impersonal, definitely personal or vaguely personal.
    
13. At this stage, you need to write a type of faith: PGS (simple verbal led), ghps (composite verbal led) or SIS (composite nominal leakage).
    
14. Now it is necessary to determine the presence of secondary members: common (secondary members), unpropered (secondary members are missing).
    
15. In this pale, the discretion indicates whether the proposal is complicated than exactly it is complicated.
    
16. At the end of the analysis, it is necessary to determine the type of offer on the fullness: complete or incomplete. Incompletely called proposals in which the main or minor members are omitted, but they can be easily restored from context.
    

Also, it will also be necessary to graphically designate members and borders of proposals in the text, draw the schemes, pointing out the numbers of offers, alliances, asking questions to the receiving proposals from the main.

Methods for expressing members of the sentence
Knowledge of ways to express members of the sentence will help make a syntactic analysis of the proposal properly, not by the way it is part. Often, students of schools are hard to determine even the main members of the proposal, since there are a number of difficulties, and generally accepted stereotypes prevent true to find the basis and accurately analyze secondary members.

It must be remembered that different parts of speech have almost unlimited possibilities and can be almost any suggestions, with rare exceptions. Often, schoolchildren are getting used to that subject - this is a noun, and the legend is verb. We have not seen suitable parts of speech in the sentence, they find themselves in a difficult position and do not know how to disassemble it in composition. In fact, it is impossible to make an analysis in such a framework.

Subject answers the identity of the nominative case and is expressed different parts Speech: noun, pronouns, numerical. Also subject can be expressed:

• adjective (red - my favorite color);
  
• communion, which passed into the noun (surrounding silence);
  
• union (and - Connecting Union);
  
• an uncertain form of verb (for example, an indefinite form of verb with a visional case: have a serious advantage in the house).
  

Predicate answers questions: What does the subject do? What happens to the subject? What is the subject? What is he?

To distinguish different types Taken, it is important to remember the lexical and grammatical meaning of words. Lexical meaning reflects the meaning of the word, and contains grammatical grammatical categories (eg, mood, time, number and gender of the verb). Types of fag:

• PGS: The failed pronounced personal form of the verb, in which the GZ and the Lz coincide. Sometimes PGS is expressed by phraseologism containing a hidden verb form.
  
• SGS: should consist of at least two words. Each word carries its value: infinitive verb ( lexical meaning) and modal or phase bunch ( grammar meanings). The phase bunch indicates the phase of action, and the modal reflects the attitude towards action. The bunch can be expressed by words reflecting the assessment of action, desirability, necessity, brief adjectives.
  
• SIS: must consist at least from two words. Named part (LZ) and formal or semi-significant bundle (GZ). More common formal bunch: verb be. In the role of the nominal part protrude all registered parts of speech, adverb, phrase. The semi-significant bundle there are verbs to make, become, to appear, to appear, and others; Condition verbs, movement.
  

Definitions answer what questions? whose? They are divided into consistent and inconsistent.

• The agreed definition of learn is easily, it is pronounced - adjective, adjective, communion, ordinal numerical. The main thing is not to confuse it with the name of the SIS.
  
• The inconsistent definition is usually expressed by nouns in indirect cases, but sometimes there are adverbs, phrases, infinitives, adjectives of comparative degrees. There are also inconsistent application definitions.
  

Addition answers questions of indirect cases. More often expressed nouns.

Circumstance Replies on general question as? It is expressed by adverbs, nouns. Circumstances are divided into discharges:

• time circumstance;
  
• places;
  
• image image;
  
• the reasons;
  
• comparisons;
  
• concessions;
  
• conditions;
  
• goals;
  
• measures and degrees.
  

It is necessary to take into account the nuances of expressing members of the offer with different parts of speech in order to correctly perform the syntactic analysis of the proposal.

Types of departing offers
Analyzing complex sentenceIt is important to correctly determine the type of the apparent offer. It can be a circumstantial, thanks to and definitive.

1. Candidate spectacular proposals respond to questions of indirect case. Unions, allied words are associated as a means of communication.
   
2. Puttingular definition proposals relate to noun, joined with the help of allied words, sometimes unions, answer questions? What?
   
3. Puttingular circumstances are distinguished depending on the discharge:
   • By places answer questions where? where? Where? joined with the help of allied words;
     
   • In time answer questions to how long? how long? when? for how long? The connection is common with the help of unions only when, as long as, etc.;
     
   • According to measures and degrees answer questions to what extent? How much?, belong to the word expressing the concept that may be degree of manifestation;
     
   • According to the image, answer the question as?, In the main part You can insert words in this way, so;
     
   • According to the conditions answer the question as provided?, Connecting unions - when, if, as soon;
     
   • For the causes reveal the question of why?, Unions due to the fact that, since, because, due to the fact that;
     
   • For purpose: Questions for what purpose? what for? etc. Unions only if, in order to;
     
   • By investigation: Corollary follows from the first part, the Union so;
     
   • Concessions: questions Contrary to what? Despite what? All the unions, for nothing, despite the fact that;
     
   • By comparative: Questions How what? Like which? Unions as if, exactly, like;
     
4. Approaching attachments do not answer questions, do not express the semantic relationship circumstances, but provide additional information to the main part. Means of communication: Union words ( relative pronouns What, where, from where, how, why, why, why).
   

In the polynomialic sentences you need to specify the type of submission. It is consistent: the first appendage is subordinate to the main, the second apparent is first, etc. For parallel submission Podepie depends on the main thing, but respond to different questions. When the submission is homogeneous, the apparent depend on one main word, respond to one question.
Universities are mainly the polynomials of proposals, therefore, there are levels of membership, the relationship between them, indicate all blocks and features of their relationships among themselves, draw complex schemes. The school is usually limited to suggestions consisting of two or four simple.

Syntactic analysis Suggestions are the analysis of the proposals for members and parts of speech. You can execute the syntaxal discloser on the proposed plan. A sample will help properly arrange a written sentence analysis, and the example will reveal the secrets of the oral syntactic parsing.

Syntactic Disability Plan

1. Simple, simple, complicated homogeneous members, or complex

2. For the purpose of the statement: a narrative, questional or motivating.

3. By intonation: exclamation or non-visible.

4. Common or unprofitable.

5. Determine the subject. Ask questions who? or what? Emphasize the subject and determine which part of speech is expressed.

6. Determine the leakage. Ask questions what does it do? etc. Emphasize the legend and determine which part of speech is expressed.

7. From the questions to be sent to secondary sentences. Stress them and determine what parts of speech they are expressed. Write the phrase with questions.

8. From the lend, ask questions to secondary members. Stress them and determine what parts of speech they are expressed. Write the phrase with questions.

Sample Syntax Disability Offer

The sky was breathing in autumn, less often the sun shone.

This proposal is complex first part:

(What?) The sky is subject to, expressed nouns in the unit. h., Wed r., Nar., Nodua., 2 Skl., and. P.
(What did it make?) Dyshalov - the lean, expressed by the verb of Neskov. View., 2 dispre., in units h., Pos. BP., Wed. R.
dyshilov (what?) In autumn - the addition, expressed by the name noun into units. h., w. r., Narits., Nodya., 3 Skel., so p.
dyshylov (when?) Is already - the circumstance of time is pronounced

the second part of:

(What?) Sunshine - subject, expressed nouns in the unit. h., Wed r., Nar., Nodua., 2 Skl., and. P.
(What did it?) Shipped - the lean, expressed by the verb of Neskov. View, 1 dispre., in units h., Pos. BP., Wed. R.
shone (how?) less often - the circumstance of the image of action, pronounced by nashche
shone (when?) is already - the circumstance of time is pronounced

An example of a syntactic analysis of the sentence

They, they flew to the wind, then they fell asleep on the crude grass.

This offer is simple.

(What?) They are subject to pronouncement of MN. h., 3 l., and. P.
(What does?) Flew - homogeneous predicate expressed by the verb nes.vid, Ref 1, pl.. h .. POST. BP .. Select
(What does?) Went - homogeneous predicate expressed by the verb nes.vid, Ref 1, pl.. h .. POST. BP ..
pilot (how?) Skos - the circumstance of the image of action is expressed by adverch.
flew (how?) on the wind is the circumstance of the action, pronounced
lay down (as?) The circumstance of the image of the action, expressed by adctor
loaded (where?) On the grassland of the place, expressed by the name of the noun., Nodua., in units. h., w. r., 1 Skl., V.P. With a pretext
grass (what?) Crude is a definition, expressed by the name adjective in the unit. h., Zh.R., V.P.

The tasks associated with the syntactic analysis of the text cause difficulties in schoolchildren and students of Philfak. Compeated syntactic analysis of the proposal requires enough extensive knowledge in the field of Russian. But possessing basic conceptsYou can successfully cope with tasks.

What is a syntactic analysis of the sentence

The syntactic analysis is a proposal analysis for the following criteria:

1. View of the purpose of the statement.
2. View by emotional coloring.
3. The number of foundations (hereinafter simple and complex offers are dealt according to a specific order).
4. Characteristics of suggestions.
5. Constructions complicating offer (if any).
6. Punctuation analysis.
7. Scheme (if required).

Syntactic analysis of deals free online

Find a program capable of correctly performing a syntactic analysis in full taking into account all the nuances, it is quite difficult. But still there are several services on the network that will help in solving the problem.

SEOSIN.RU resource is the most popular of available. When you enter a proposal to the appropriate window, you can get a syntactic analysis of text.

If a semantic analysis is required for the parsing, it is best to use the program of the famous Advego Exchange.

Receive online decision Also from specialists - philologists and linguists. To do this, go to the appropriate forum (http://gramota.ru/, https://lingvoforum.net/http://lingvo.zone/). Professionals will help to help with the analysis and give an exhaustive answer to the most difficult question.

Make a syntactic parse yourself

To comprehend all the wisdom of the parsing, you can, if you carefully read the information below and practice slightly.

I. The purpose of the statement

Depending on the purpose, the proposals are divided into:

1. narratives (transmit information, say something, claims or deny. At the end of such proposals there is a point or an exclamation mark);
2. questionative (contain a question, at the end put (required!) Question mark);
3. watching (Contain prompting, call, request, requirement). Characterized to the motivating intonation, the use of verbs insecurity, Let the particles, let, let's go.

II. Emotional coloring

An indicator is the presence of an exclamation mark. He is - offer exclamation, not - unkonsectant. Any of proposals for the purpose of the statement can be exclamation.

III. Number of grammatical foundations

According to the presence of the foundation there are simple and complex. Simple include those in which 1 grammatical basis.

Accordingly, in a complex sentence should be 2 or more foundations.

III. 1. The procedure for the analysis of a simple sentence

You should specify a type of proposal for the availability of the main members.

The main members are subject to both faithful.

Subjectanswers questions who and what? It can be expressed almost any part of speech.

Predicate answers questions what makes what this subject is who he is what it is, in what condition is? Can also be expressed various parts speech.

The secondary members include addition (answers questions of indirect cases), definition (What? Whose?) And circumstance (Where? When? Where? How much?, etc.)

III. 1.1 Common and non-prolonged offers

If the proposal contains only the main members - it non-prolished. If there is at least one secondary member in the sentence - common.

III. 1.2. Single-main or doubled

If there is a suggestion in the sentence - the offer is twisted. If only one main dick - single.

III. 2. Dissection of a complex offer.

After determining the type of simple or complex proposal, it is necessary to disassemble secondary members, find complicating designs and explain the formulation of punctuation marks.

Examples of syntactic analysis

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: the sun has already been quite high in the pure sky.

• 1 base is simple
• The base is the sun (subjectable) stood (led). Secondary members of the sentence: stood (where?) In the sky (circumstance). In heaven (what?) Pure (definition). Standing (how?) Already quite high (circumstance).

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: The rain passed through the garden path.

• Narrative, non-promotional,
• 1 base is simple
• there are both main member - twisted,
• there are secondary - common.
• The basis - the rain passed.
• Secondary members: passed (where or how?) On the track (circumstance). Track (what?) Sadovaya (definition).
• There are no complicating designs and punctuation signs.

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: between the tweesting tops showed blue.

• Narrative, non-promotional,
• 1 base is simple
• there are both main member - twisted,
• there are secondary - common.
• The base - Syaney seemed.
• Secondary members: seemed to be (where?) Between the tops (circumstance), (what?) Blue (definition).
• There are no complicating designs and punctuation signs.

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: old handwritten books were valued by the weight of gold.

• Narrative, non-promotional,
• 1 base is simple
• there are both main member - twisted,
• there are secondary - common.
• The basis - the books were valued.
• Secondary members: appreciated (how?) On the weight of gold (circumstance). Books (what?) Old handwritten (definition).
• There are no complicating designs and punctuation signs.

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: the summer was dry, the rains almost did not fall out.

• Narrative, non-promotional,
• 2 foundations (summer was dry and rained did not fall out), so we make a disclaiming of a complex sentence,
• 1 part - unpropered,
• 2 part - common. A secondary member - the circumstance (how?) Almost.
• Unsoyous.
• Parts are separated by a comma.

Many PC users may have a need for a syntactic analysis of the sentence. This may be caused by classes by standard school Program, learning philology and linguistics at the university, or other related purposes associated with syntactic analysis of verbal structures. At the same time, the syntactic parse itself implies the possession of the necessary knowledge of knowledge, because a number of users may have a need to make it easier to facilitate this process, in particular, due to the involvement of supporting online resources. IN this material I will tell you how to perform a syntactic analysis of the offer mode online, and what resources will help us in this.

As you know, a classic syntactic analysis of the proposal is made according to the following algorithm:

1. Definition of the purpose of statement of proposals (narrative, prominent, questional);
2. Determination of emotional coloring proposals (exclamation, non-exclacial);
3. Determination of the number of grammatical foundations at the proposal (one basis is a simple sentence, two or more bases - complex);

If a proposal simple, then it is also necessary to determine the single-maintained or two-stroke, common or not, complicated or not, which parts of the speech are expressed by members of the sentence, to draw up a proposal scheme.

If a the proposal is complexthen it is necessary to define an allied or unsoyous communication, Communication method (intonation, verification, writing), determine the type of complex proposal (non-union, complex, complex) and so on.

Syntactic disclation online - features of implementation

The abundance of the syntactic parameters and the wealth of options for drawing up proposals make a syntactic analysis with the help of robotic systems quite complicated. Therefore, there is a fairly small amount of resources that carry out a syntactic or adjacent analysis of the proposal (text). Below I will describe a number of such resources, and I will tell you how to use them.

SEOSIN.RU - Resource allows you to perform text analysis

Resource seosin.ru - one of the most famous resources Such a plan. The possibilities of this site, according to the development of developers, allow you to carry out a morphological and syntactic analysis of text online, as a result of which the user receives statistics about the existing text.

To work with this resource, go to the specified link, insert the text into the window, enter the control number at the bottom, and click on "analyze".

ADVEGO - Semantic Text Analysis

The popular content exchange "ADVEGO" can boast the built-in tool for semantic text analysis, which can also be useful in the syntactic analysis. This tool determines the total number of words used, the number of significant and unique words, the number of "water" and so on.

To work with the resource you need to register. Then go to the "SEO-Analysis of the Text" tab on top, insert the required text on the page that opens, and click on "Check".

Instrument of semantic analysis on "Advego"

RESOURCE ERG.DELPH-IN.N.

The ERG.Delph-in.net resource is a powerful linguistic tool that allows the syntactic analysis of various English-speaking offers with the help of such as Linguistic Knowledge Builder, Pet System Parser, Answer Constraint Engine Generator, and others.

To work with this service, go to the erg.delph-in.net resource, insert your English-language offer to a special line, and click on the "Analyze" button on the right. The system will handle the offer and give you the result.

Forums

Help Satisfaction Analysis Offers Online You can relevant philological and linguistic forums (in particular, gramota.turbotext.ru, lingvoforum.net and others). You can register on one of these forums, and in your post ask specialists to help in the syntactic analysis of the proposals you need.

Conclusion

Conducting a syntactic analysis of the proposal involves the possession of the appropriate knowledge base, without which such a parse will be simply impossible. At the same time, the resources available on this topic are quite scarce, and as a result of a number of conceptual causes, a full-fledged syntactic analysis of the proposal cannot be carried out (this is especially true of Russian-speaking resources). Therefore, in this regard, I recommend or replenishing my knowledge base, or to ask for help for the philologic forums - you will surely help you in the necessary syntactic analysis.