How to cover the wooden floor - choose a composition with protective properties. How to cover a wooden floor How to cover a wooden floor

Wooden floor makes cozy interior at home, it is practical and pleasant to the touch. In order for the flooring to last a long time, it is protected from adverse environmental factors. How to cover the wooden floor in the house, how to choose the means for processing, will be discussed in the article.

The nuances of the processing process

The choice of material is made after studying the assortment on sale, analyzing and comparing properties. Which is not easy, as manufacturers offer a wide assortment that is easy to get confused about.

The criteria for purchasing the material is that the product should not affect the quality and texture of the wood. Or give an aesthetic appearance... The treatment agent must penetrate into the deeper layers of the coating. The correct choice will prolong the life and give the finish to the coatings. It is important to prepare the surface and apply the material exactly as instructed.

Protective and decorative means and their functions

Despite the emergence modern materials, wood flooring is still in demand. This is explained by the presence of many positive properties, but at the same time, wood requires careful handling. Special coatings made of natural and synthetic substances increase durability, protect against negative effects, preserve the natural color and texture of the floor.

The tool is selected taking into account the type of wood, the purpose of the room. If it turns out to be correct, the wear resistance of the wooden floor will increase, the tarnished surface will again sparkle with paints. Protective and decorative coatings will give inexpensive types of wood a luxurious look.

Variety of protective compounds

• varnish;
• wax;
• butter.

Formulations are available for internal and external surfaces, therefore, it will be possible to protect every centimeter wooden house or baths. Each composition has unique properties to consider when choosing. Of the listed funds, varnish takes the first place for a reason. It is ideal for treating wood surfaces, reliably protecting the structure and preserving the original appearance of the floor.

The choice of a suitable tool is made taking into account the following criteria:

• the type of wood from which the parquet is made;
• the possibility of preprocessing;
• the conditions of the room in which the floor covering is installed;
• backward compatibility.

The purpose of the room is also taken into account, because wax or oil is quite suitable for the floor of the apartment, but if the floor covering in the office needs protection, then a varnish is used that provides a high degree of protection.

Types of varnishes and their properties

There are many modern coatings that protect the wood well from fungi, mold and repelling insects. The lacquer gives the floor a shine and enhances the beauty of the natural texture. It is a solution of solid natural resins or synthetic polymers in solvents.

Varnishes are classified precisely depending on the type of solvent:

• aquatic;
• oil;
• alcohol;
• turpentine.

Each species has individual characteristics and properties. After being applied to the surface, the varnish forms a thin film that penetrates into the wood to a depth of 2 mm, but does not change its qualities.

If necessary, remove it with a scraper and apply a different composition to the surface. The varnish is not suitable for use in all places and cases. The product is not suitable if the floor covering has been treated with linseed oil or oil. It is not used in rooms with high humidity or water. Not all varnishes are used in open areas - a gazebo, verandas or terraces.

Water based varnishes - properties

Formulations appeared on the market building materials recently, but have already gained popularity. Lucky on water based are made in much the same way as dough is kneaded. The main components are water, a binder and additives. Characteristic feature material is film formation.

The composition has such advantages as:

• good adhesion to flooring;
• resistance to temperature changes;
• environmental friendliness;
• resistance to household chemicals;

The water-based varnish retains the natural color of the wood. To apply to hardwood floors, it is important to maintain a temperature between 18 and 20 degrees and a humidity of 50%.

Products with artificial oily resins

This type of varnish is presented by domestic foreign manufacturers. When choosing them, it is important to consider the presence of a floor heating system. If it is installed in the house, you should select a product that will withstand heating.

The connecting link is alkyd resins obtained from linseed or wood oil. The coating differs in the concentration of the diluent (white spirit). Compositions with the smallest amount of it are not so toxic and emphasize the texture of the wood well.

The positive quality of the varnish is the absence of adhesive properties. It is often used where strict geometry of parquet planks is not required. Difficulties arise when applying the composition - you need to create special conditions, do not apply a thick layer of varnish, because a wrinkled surface is formed. The tool loses also in terms of wear resistance to water-based varnishes.

What makes anhydrous polyurethane varnish stand out

The product is in demand due to its excellent adhesion to wood and increased resistance to chemicals. It is used in rooms with high traffic. Varnish has its own subspecies, differing in the content or absence of aromatic compounds, as well as in the base.

The varnish is sold together with a thinner, which is selected depending on the type of base. The composition is suitable for bathroom furniture or outdoor items.

Acid curing varnishes

This is the most persistent group of products that are one- and two-component. Scope - rooms where the floor has an increased load. Has the following characteristics:

• ease of application (roller or brush);
• low sensitivity to changes in temperature and humidity;
• brightening the floor surface.

The varnish strongly adheres the strips, and during work it is recommended to wear a respirator to protect the respiratory tract.

Primers

This type of coating is used when giving the wood the desired color or insulation of the previous product, if it was oil or wax. Exotic woods are treated with a primer.

It is recommended to use the same brand of varnish and primer, then you will be able to achieve the desired result faster. The product is applied to a well-cleaned surface. The result of applying varnish depends on the preparation of the floor.

How to prepare the flooring

What kind preparatory work carried out depends on when the floor was installed. If varnishing is carried out during overhaul apartments, pay attention to some points. And when you have to work with an old floor covering, for example, in a country house, they do differently. You can't just skip the preparation stage.

The new floor is checked how well it was laid, whether self-tapping screws and nails are deeply sunk. The surface is leveled to perfect condition with a putty, choosing it to match the color of the wood. Then apply the "starting" layer of varnish, and two weeks later the second.

Inspection of an old wood floor will take longer. The first step is to remove the old coating, then prepare for new processing... They check the nails, pass along the surface with an electric plane, give the boards a smooth finish. At the end, flaws and joints are closed.

Do you use paint for wood flooring?

The material is allowed to be used in wood processing, but only by choosing the right one. You need to take into account the purpose of the room and the type of tree. They also pay attention to the composition of the paint, not forgetting about the design component.

Manufacturers offer a material developed using new technologies, so it will be possible to pick up paint of any color. Colorless varnishes are equally popular due to their high quality, but they require renewal every three to four years.

Oil paint protects the floor well, but has a pungent smell and poor color palette. Acrylic products resistant to moisture, dries quickly and does not smell. Alkyd agents protect the wood from the inside, so it will never become rotten.

Can wax be used

It is not only possible, but also necessary, because the material is environmentally friendly. It is suitable for treating the floor in the children's room. The method of application is simple, any owner of a country house can do it with his own hands.

The floor is thoroughly washed so that the lint is not imprinted on the wax. The tool is distributed handy tool- with a brush or roller.

The oil protects the wood well from the inside, penetrating into the deeper layers floor covering... The surface will turn out to be matte, unlike using varnish, but the coating will last for several years. Before painting the floor, carefully prepare, otherwise the oil will highlight defects. The coating is easy to restore - just touch up the damaged area.

Lack of oil - in the first years after application, the floor gets very dirty, but when the oil is absorbed, cleaning will become much easier. The tool is highly durable, so it is used in corridors and living rooms.

A wooden floor is a great solution for a private house, country cottage or an apartment. It is highly functional, practical and attractive. With proper installation and timely maintenance, a wooden floor can last for more than a dozen years. In addition, wood flooring is warm and pleasant to the touch. They reflect the natural beauty of wood, have a stylish texture and are highly sustainable.

In order for wooden floors to preserve the natural beauty of natural wood, they are pre-sanded, impregnated with primers and coated with protective compounds. So, most often, varnish, wax and oil are used for treating wooden floors. Consider the benefits and features protective equipment for wood surfaces in more detail.

Protective coatings for wood floors

One of the most popular wood floor coatings has been wax since ancient times. It takes patience and endurance to apply it. In this case, the base surface must be pre-processed and polished. After waxing, the wood floor acquires its characteristic shine and also becomes more resistant to negative impact moisture and slight mechanical stress.

However, protective wax or oil coating more suitable for rooms with low traffic. It is more rational to use oil formulations in cases where it is necessary to obtain a matte shade. After a few years, such a coating wears off, and the floor requires re-treatment. Coating a wooden floor with varnish is a more practical and durable option. The varnish protects the parquet well from moisture and allows frequent wet cleaning. In addition, the lacquer finish is well suited for offices, educational institutions and premises with high load... Varnished wood floors have a pleasant glossy shine and are more durable.

Before varnishing, the floor surface is sanded and thoroughly impregnated with a primer mixture. Applying a primer increases the wear resistance of the wood and improves its adhesion. As a result, the wood floor gets a uniform shade and even smooth surface... The varnish must be applied in several layers, allowing the previous one to dry well.

Depending on the composition, wood floor varnishes are divided into several groups. The former consist of alkyd resins and organic solvents. Such varnishes are strong enough and hardly change the color of the wood. They dry out for a rather long time, especially in comparison with alkyd-urethane varnishes. Solvent-based varnishes work well on maple, beech, ash and cherry woods. They are able to soak deeply and even out the color of the tree. It is necessary to apply such varnishes in thin layers. In this case, the room should be well ventilated so that the varnish dries quickly and evenly.

Reactive varnishes, in turn, are resistant to abrasion and chemical attack. Acrylic or water-based varnishes are elastic, look good and outperform the previous ones due to their high environmental friendliness. Polyurethane varnishes the most wear-resistant. They are widely used for processing valuable breeds wood in order to maintain the performance and aesthetics of the parquet for many years.

When choosing a varnish for a wooden floor, you should also take into account the degree of its gloss. So, with the help of a varnish composition, you can get a surface from matte to mirror-gloss. In general, with proper and timely maintenance, wooden floors are quite durable and practical. They look good and do not lose their relevance over the years. Wooden floors can be used in any interior. They are well suited for rooms decorated as in classic style, and for rooms in the modern or high-tech style.

To give wooden floor aesthetic appeal, while preserving the unique pattern of wood, as well as protecting it from negative mechanical and other effects, it is possible by means of a multilayer varnish coating. However, the choice of materials and carrying out this procedure is fraught with a lot of nuances, ignorance of which will lead to poor-quality coating and wasted time, because you will have to remove the entire thickness of the varnish and start the whole process again.

Before purchasing a varnish for a wooden floor, you need to pay special attention to the following criteria:

• wood species. It is advisable to process a wooden floor made of oak, beech using varnishes with an elastic composition;

• operating conditions. Most varnishes have a predominance of a certain property over other indicators, so it is worth choosing a varnish either with increased moisture resistance, or with a high degree of wear resistance, etc.;

• compatibility of the varnish with the surface to be treated. Species of exotic trees quite often slow down the hardening process, so you should initially take care of treating the surface with additional cut-off soil;

• the possibility of subsequent renewal of the coating with a different composition. Some types of varnishes, when layered on top of each other, can significantly spoil the appearance of the coating by the appearance of cracks, bubbles and other troubles. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to know exactly what composition the surface was treated with earlier, or to thoroughly scrape the floor;

• type of premises. For a bathroom, kitchen, varnishes on a polyurethane or urethane-alkyd base, which have a high level of moisture resistance and wear resistance, are ideal. For a nursery, it is worth stopping the choice on a lacquer coating, which is based on water. For the corridor, living room, you need to look for varnishes that provide high abrasion resistance.

Thus, it is worth taking care in advance of being fully informed on these issues, even if you have to call the seller of the purchased house to clarify some questions.

Types of varnish, their characteristics

The variety of varnishes intended for covering wooden surfaces differ in many ways, therefore, when faced with the need to choose, a quite reasonable question arises as to what varnish to cover the wooden floor.

Based on the composition, suitable for processing wooden surfaces:

1. Polyurethane varnishes, the production of which is based on polyurethane, are distinguished by high moisture resistance, as well as increased strength, which allows them to be used in rooms with very high level humidity. Under the influence of moderate deformations, the elasticity of the varnish prevents the appearance of cracks on parts of complex configuration.

Advantages:

• resistance to most organic and inorganic acids;
• the possibility of introducing additional dyes to change the original shade of the varnish;
• high degree of adhesion to any materials;
• no deformation when exposed to ultraviolet rays;
• resistance to abrasion, mechanical damage;
• the ability to withstand from extremely low to very high temperatures (from -50 to +100 ° C);
• drying speed;
• ease of application;
• durability of the coating.

Disadvantages:

• insignificant allocation toxic substances during the application and hardening of the varnish;
• quite high cost.

2. Acrylic varnishes are water-based, which demonstrates environmentally friendly pure material... However, the low level of moisture resistance prevents floor covering in rooms that require frequent wet cleaning. In the process of working with acrylic varnish it is necessary to provide room humidity within 50% for uniform curing of the coating. At the same time, the addition of a hardener helps to increase the strength to mechanical stress, to shorten the drying period of the applied varnish layer, although the environmental friendliness of the varnish will noticeably decrease.

Pros:

• quite acceptable strength and elasticity;
• when applied and hardened, the shade and texture of the flooring do not change;
• absolute incombustibility;
• high adhesion to wood;
• good surface spreading;
• relatively high cost.

Minuses:

• the service life depends on the intensity of movement on the varnished surface and the microclimate of the room;
• dries for a long time.

3. Polyurethane-acrylic varnishes significantly lag behind in all characteristics from polyurethane, due to the inclusion in the composition of acrylic elements. However, polyurethane-acrylic varnishes are quite suitable for covering floors in rooms with a low level of traffic at an affordable price.

4. Alkyd varnishes are a mixture of alkyd resins with organic solvents, as a result of which such varnishes are considered a completely environmentally friendly composition. However, most varnishes are used with the addition of hardeners, which reduce the drying of the coating from 3 to 1 day, which causes a more pungent odor that requires a respirator during application to the surface.

Advantages:

• good moisture resistance, wear resistance;
• resistance to some acids, most detergents;
• UV resistance;
• harden quickly;
• small operational period.

Disadvantages:

• reduction of the lacquer layer during the evaporation of solvents;
• essential oils released during application and before hardening form in the room bad smell;
• the need for constant ventilation until completely dry.

5. Urethane varnishes are produced both on a water basis and on the basis of synthetic resins, which significantly affects the environmental friendliness of the material and the need to use a respirator in the process of applying the composition to the surface.

Advantages:

• burnout resistance;
• moisture resistance;
• high elasticity;
• incombustibility;
• relatively high abrasion resistance;
• chemical resistance;
• fast curing (about 12 hours);
• affordable cost.

Disadvantages:

• release of toxins until hardening.

6. Urethane-alkyd varnishes have absorbed all the advantages of alkyd and urethane groups, forming a composition improved in terms of performance.

Compared to alkyd varnishes, urethane-alkyd varnishes have:

• greater resistance to mechanical damage;
• increased moisture resistance;
• increased wear resistance.

Disadvantages:

• the price is an order of magnitude higher than the cost of both urethane and alkyd varnishes.

7. Nitro-lacquers based on a combination of nitrocellulose, volatile solvents, plasticizers and resins represent a rather toxic composition. At the same time, the properties of nitro-lacquers depend on the resin introduced into the composition, which affects certain indicators. Most often, varnish is used as a primer before the main varnish, since it ideally clogs the pores of wooden surfaces, giving it excellent water repellency.

Pros:

• high strength;
• quick setting and drying;
• low cost.

Minuses:

• low weather resistance;
• varnishing a wooden floor requires increased efficiency;
• high fire hazard;
• the need for frequent renewal of the coating due to the peeling of the varnish after a short period of operation.

8. Oil varnishes containing oils and resins of vegetable origin, organic solvents, are divided into lean, oily and medium. All types of oil varnishes have different performance characteristics and areas of application. As a varnish for a wooden floor, the price of which is not very high, medium oil formulations are ideal.

Advantages:

• high elasticity of the coating;
• good electrical insulating qualities;
• moisture resistance;
• relative hardness;
• lend themselves well to grinding;
• acceptable cost.

Disadvantages:

• in the process of hardening, it is necessary to observe the invariability of the microclimate;
• drying time;
• when varnishing, the natural texture of the wood is partially concealed.

9. Epoxy varnishes represent the connection epoxy resins with organic solvents, hardeners and other additives, forming a toxic composition. In this case, the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere occurs even after the coating has hardened for 3-4 days.

Pros:

• high protection against moisture;
• resistance to mechanical damage, chemical attack;
• speed of hardening;
• low cost.

Minuses:

• low weather resistance;
• when using varnish, a respirator is required;
• being indoors during the period of toxin release is a serious health hazard.

10. Alcohol varnishes are represented by the combination of various kinds of resins with ethyl alcohol, forming a fairly liquid composition. As a rule, the first 2 coats act as a primer, penetrating deep into the structure, while the application of each varnish layer is preceded by a thorough grinding of the already applied layer. In this way, the surface of the wooden floor is brought almost perfectly flat.

Advantages:

• non-toxicity;
• ease of application;
• drying speed;
• low cost.

Disadvantages:

• low level of moisture resistance;
• relative wear resistance.

Based on the above, modern market overflowing with a variety of varnishes suitable for covering wooden surfaces, so choose a suitable varnish according to financial side question, and on the set of necessary performance characteristics, will not be difficult.

How to paint a wooden floor with varnish

High-quality varnishing of a wooden floor is carried out in several stages, incomplete non-observance of which can result in an irreparable mistake.

Surface preparation

1. Clear the room of all furniture on the floor.
2. Hammer in nails that protrude strongly from the floor, remove loose chips.
3. Damaged boards must be replaced immediately with new ones.
4. Fill even minor cracks with a putty.
5. Disguise nail or self-tapping holes with a mixture of sawdust in combination with wood glue and leave to dry completely.
6. If necessary, remove the resin with any solvent.
7. Sand the floor to a level surface using coarse to fine sandpaper alternately.
8. Vacuum the floor thoroughly.
9. If there are any defects, repeat the sanding process and vacuum again.
10. Rinse the floor with a little mild detergent and leave to dry.

Floor priming

Before directly varnishing the surface, it is better to prime the entire floor, using, for example, nitro varnish, in order to avoid darkening of the floor surface when applying varnish or poor hardening due to the possible content of inhibitors in the wood. In addition, a primer is necessary for better adhesion of the varnish to the wood and increase the moisture-repellent quality.

After the primer has dried, you can proceed with the direct application of the varnish.

Painting a wooden floor with varnish

The floor is covered with varnish:

• at a temperature of 20-25 ° C;
• a brush with an artificial bristle that prevents shedding;
• bare feet, leaving the least footprints;
• using a microfiber cloth to remove footprints from the surface before directly applying the varnish;
• from the far corner to the exit.

Work order:

• apply a layer of varnish, following along the location of the fibers, carefully spreading the composition over the surface;
• wait for hardening and sand the coating with coarse sandpaper using circular motions;
• vacuum, wipe the floor with a damp cloth and let dry;
• apply a second coat of varnish;
• after 2 weeks, to receive perfect coverage, the surface can be polished.

1. You can save the brush or roller during the drying period of the next layer of varnish with a cloth soaked in solvent, then remove the brush wrapped in a cloth in a plastic bag and tie it tightly so that the solvent does not evaporate.
2. The appearance of whitish beads on the lacquer coating indicates the accumulation of moisture. To eliminate the problem, the area must be treated with a solvent and reopened with varnish.
3. To get rid of bubbles on the surface of the applied varnish layer, you can stroke the board with the sharp end of the brush.
4. Swelling of the varnish layer during hardening is removed by grinding and subsequent varnishing.
5. If the varnish coating does not harden within the period indicated on the label, then it is possible:

• the varnish is incorrectly selected relative to the surface to be coated, which means it is necessary to increase the air temperature in the room;
• a smaller amount of hardener has been added to the composition than indicated on the package, therefore the applied layer must be sanded and a new varnish applied;
• at high humidity- it is necessary to increase the ventilation.

Thus, to the question of how to varnish a wooden floor, one can answer that it is quite difficult process, which requires a lot of time and effort, but the final result is worth the effort.

A wooden floor is environmentally friendly and safe cover which maintains a comfortable indoor climate. Unlike synthetic materials natural wood exudes a pleasant forest scent and does not emit toxic substances. The tree is distinguished by its strength, durability and aesthetic appearance. It is pleasant to the touch and has a beneficial effect on human well-being.

The advantages of a wooden floor:

• Promotes oxygen renewal and maintains a comfortable atmosphere in the home;
• Durable and reliable coating;
• Long service life;
• Safety and environmental friendliness. The material does not emit hazardous substances and does not cause allergies. Wood, on the contrary, has a positive effect on the state and mood of a person;
• Availability;
• Good heat and sound insulation;
• Durable and repairable. If necessary, you can easily replace damaged areas of the floor yourself.

Despite its positive properties, wood needs to be protected and processed. Natural raw materials are susceptible to the negative effects of moisture and insects. Without special means the coating will gradually crack and rot. Protective compounds protect living material from such problems. They will not only extend the service life, but also improve the appearance of the floor.

Today there are many various means, including varnishes, paints and wax. Wax is rarely used today. He contains beeswax, linseed oil and other additives in small amounts. Such a composition is distinguished by resistance to moisture, but at the same time it does not provide effective protection against mechanical damage, including blows of heels, traces of furniture, etc. Therefore, we will take a closer look at paints and varnishes and learn how to properly process a wooden floor.

Lucky

Varnish - effective remedy, which will protect the coating from mold, mildew and insects. It perfectly retains its structure and emphasizes the original appearance of the wood. Varnishes are transparent (glaze) and opaque (topcoat). Transparent coating will retain the natural color of the wood, but will last only 3-5 years. The opaque composition can be renewed every 6-7 years, while it will allow you to achieve the desired shade or shine of the wood floor.

In addition, the following types of varnishes are distinguished:

• Water-soluble - the most environmentally friendly and safe compound that dries quickly and adheres to the floor surface. But such varnish can be applied only with special rollers, and the coating will have to be renewed at least once every three years;
• The alkyd type is characterized by resistance, durability and a high degree of wood protection. But be prepared that such a varnish dries for two or three days;
• The polyurethane material is durable and therefore suitable for rooms with high mechanical stress. Such varnish is used to treat the floor in the hallway, living room and even in a cafe;
• Formaldehyde varnish guarantees a durable and reliable coating that is resistant to different temperatures... But when painting, it gives off dangerous chemical substances therefore it is important to work only in a respirator;
• Oil products are more prone to negative impact precipitation and humidity, therefore, such varnishes cannot be used to treat the floor in the gazebo or on the terrace. However, they are suitable for interior decoration of a wooden house. Oil varnishes are often used to renew old coatings. They revive the wood and make the surface shiny;
• Acrylic varnish forms a transparent shade without yellowing. it safe remedy odorless with long service life. They are moisture resistant and offer a wide range of gloss options. It is advisable to use such funds for rooms with low traffic, including a bedroom, a nursery, etc.

Regardless of the type of varnish, it is important to study the instructions before use and, if necessary, consult a specialist. It is important to understand whether a particular product is suitable for your type of room, type of wood and type of flooring. It is important to know how to apply varnish, whether protective equipment is needed when working with the material. Compliance with the rules of selection and staining will allow you to achieve the desired result.

Paints

If you want to give the wood a specific color or shade, choose paints. They also protect wood from moisture and decay, harmful bacteria and insects.

Today manufacturers offer the following types of paint:

• Vinyl paints are used for both exterior and interior wood processing. They are resistant to moisture, have a wide range of colors and inexpensive cost. However, such funds are not popular among the owners. wooden houses, as they emit toxic substances harmful to health upon evaporation. In addition, the vinyl composition fades and cracks rather quickly;
• Oily products are characterized by rich colors and a homogeneous structure, resistance to temperature extremes and low price... This paint will create a bright and trendy look for a wooden floor. However, such a coating dries for 24 hours. In addition, after 2-3 years you will have to paint the floor again;
• Polyurethane paints, like similar varnishes, are distinguished by wear resistance and a long service life. Such materials effectively protect wood, but at the same time they are toxic and expensive;
• Alkyd compounds when staining, they spread an unpleasant odor that will persist for several days even after drying. Among the advantages of such a paint, they distinguish resistance to moisture and precipitation, temperature extremes and other negative factors;
• Water-based acrylic paints are in great demand today due to their resistance to high humidity, frost and ultraviolet light. They have a long service life of up to 10 years! Manufacturers offer a wide range of colors, which includes two thousand different shades. It is a safe and environmentally friendly formulation that does not fade. That's why acrylic materials effectively used for painting facades.

Wood floor paint is primarily chosen for its environmental friendliness. Therefore, water-based alkyd compounds will be the best remedy. They will protect the wood and give the floor a noble look. Moreover, due to the stability and durability, the coating will not have to be painted more often than once every 8-10 years!

How to paint a wooden floor correctly

A rational option would be to paint the wooden floor, first with paint and then with varnish. Coating with one varnish will not provide adequate protection for wood from mechanical damage. But the varnish is better finishing will fix the coating with paint, give the desired shine and the look of a new fresh floor.

Before painting the floor, you need to prepare the surface. Remove dust and dirt from wood. If the floor has been painted before, remove the old coating with a trowel or sandpaper... Then the surface is sanded, gaps and gaps are eliminated with a putty. Before painting, a new wooden floor can be treated with linseed oil or primer to enhance the protective properties and reduce paint costs.

Paint can only be applied to a completely dry surface! They paint the floor with a roller, spray gun, use a brush for hard-to-reach places. Please note that a spray gun and a spray can not always achieve an even layer. In addition, he may leave unpainted areas.

They begin to paint from corners, baseboards and other hard-to-reach places. Stir the paint regularly when painting and remember to ventilate. The paint is applied in two layers parallel to the direction of the boards. The second layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried!

When the paint is dry, the floor can be covered with two to three coats of varnish. Do not forget that you can apply each new layer only when the previous one is dry! Apply paints and varnishes with smooth strokes to avoid bumps and unevenness.

Masters of the company "MariSrub" will help you choose the right products and answer any question of interest! They will paint inside and outside the house, provide a full range of services for the construction and decoration of buildings from a log.

If wooden floors are made in a residential or non-residential building, then it would be wrong to leave them without a protective topcoat. Without it, the surface will quickly become dirty, worn out, moldy or damaged by microorganisms. Wood floor processing is carried out using different materials... They not only protect the surface and extend its service life, but also enhance the aesthetic properties by giving a matte or glossy shine, a specific color or shade, emphasizing the beauty of the wood grain. To understand how to treat a wooden floor, you need to take into account the purpose of the room, the features of the temperature and humidity regime in it, and the properties of the coating.

What is the purpose of processing a wooden floor?

Plank floor in a private house, apartment, on the balcony or in non-residential premises processed to protect against:

• damage by microorganisms;
• moisture;
• sunlight;
• mold;
• exposure to high and low temperatures.

Wood is especially susceptible to deterioration by microorganisms and mold in high humidity conditions, so protection against moisture absorption is especially important. When the temperature and humidity in the room change, the wood absorbs and releases moisture, which causes the material to shrink, swell and deform. Protective impregnation and varnishing to some extent reduce the effect of these negative factors on the material and make the product more stable.

Covering the floor on an unheated balcony, loggia or veranda is necessary to protect it from moisture and sunlight. In addition, any coating reduces the degree of surface contamination, increases its wear resistance and strength.

Types of materials for processing and protection

The following materials are usually used for processing a wooden floor:

• an antiseptic is necessary for all wood products to protect against damage by microorganisms;
• varnishes increase the wear resistance and strength of the surface, protect against moisture;
• oils should be chosen if you want to protect the floor from absorbing dirt, increase its aesthetic characteristics, protect it from moisture and damage by microorganisms;
• after treatment with oils or antiseptic impregnations, wax is often applied, it gives the surface a shine, removes minor irregularities and defects, protects against moisture and damage by microorganisms;
• if you want to cover the surface with a dense color composition, then choose paint, under a thick layer of paint the board is reliably protected from moisture, sun and other negative influences.

Antiseptic impregnation

Primary treatment with antiseptic impregnations is carried out at the stage of lumber harvesting. After that, during operation finished product this treatment is periodically repeated to extend the service life.

An antiseptic for a wooden floor is needed both as a preventive measure and in case of visible damage to wood by mold and bacteria. In this case, the following types of impregnations are used:

1. Water-soluble formulations they are odorless, quick to absorb and easy to apply (even a damp surface can be treated). The formulations are completely non-toxic. They are used in residential and commercial buildings for processing doors, frames, fences and other lumber. The disadvantages include the following:

• water-based antiseptics are not suitable for boards in contact with water;
• penetrate shallowly.

1. Organic blends are distinguished by deep penetration. They contain many useful supplements. But they have a pungent odor and require preliminary surface preparation before application. Used in damp rooms, such as cellars or baths.
2. Combined products are also on sale.

Important! All antiseptics are divided into transport, which are designed for temporary processing of wood for the period of its transportation and installation, and long-term, designed to protect the product for many decades.

Lucky

This transparent product, after application to the surface and drying, forms a durable transparent film, giving the product a shine, increasing the durability of the floor, protecting it from moisture, decay and mold.

Varnishes are made on the basis of different resins, which are dissolved by volatile compounds. Acrylic copolymers, polyurethane, synthetic and natural resins are used as a base.

For processing a wooden surface, the following types of varnishes are used:

1. Water-soluble one- and two-component formulations. The most durable and expensive two-component varnishes. They are distinguished by the absence of odor, quick drying. Such varnishes increase the durability of the floor.
2. Alkyd compounds emphasize the natural beauty of wood, increase the strength of the product. They are not suitable for high temperatures, are difficult to apply and take a long time to dry.
3. Polyurethane-based mixtures the most durable and durable. After their application, the durability of the floor is significantly increased. The disadvantage of these formulations is that they are applied only to well-dried boards. Otherwise, defects in the form of blisters and bubbles appear on the surface.

Dye

It is opaque durable coating made on the basis of acrylic, polyurethane or vinyl tetrachloride. Most often, alkyd and acrylic paints which have the following advantages:

• they are very easy and simple to apply;
• the floor surface is easy to care for;
• do not need to use special cleaning products;
• each consumer can choose an affordable product;
• a large selection of colors, which makes it easier to select the coating to match the color of the interior;
• paint layer provided proper care and gentle mechanical action will last more than one year.

Important! The disadvantage of paint is the low aesthetic appeal of the coating in comparison with varnish, oil and wax. Moreover, the paint hides the beauty of the wood, and the coating loses its natural appearance.

Oil impregnation

Oil impregnation for wooden floors differs from varnish in that it does not form a dense impermeable layer on the surface. The oil is absorbed into the upper layers of the wood and increases the moisture resistance of the material and its resistance to wear.

If you have wooden floors in the nursery, it is not difficult to guess how to process their surface if you study all the features oil impregnation... The oil fills all the pores of the wood and reduces the possibility of moisture and dirt penetration there. But at the same time, the natural appearance of the material and the beauty of its texture are completely preserved.

Important! There are colorless oils that preserve the natural color of the material, and compounds that give the product a certain shade.

Oil impregnations provide a pleasant-to-touch, non-slip surface. This coating option is suitable for living rooms with low traffic, for example, for bedrooms and nurseries. But keep in mind that oil treatment will have to be renewed periodically.

Wax

There are special waxes on sale for wood impregnation. They are applied to the surface using special rollers, after which they are thoroughly rubbed in and sanded with a soft cloth. Waxing is needed to increase the moisture resistance of the floor, giving it beauty and a beautiful shade.

Important! The main disadvantage of wax is its low resistance to mechanical stress.

However, the wax coating is ideal for floors with defects in the form of small cracks, crevices and irregularities, since after it is applied, all these problems are eliminated. The result is an even, smooth and shiny surface.

What determines the choice of means of protection?

Now let's figure out the best way to cover the wooden floors in the house. The use of varnishes should be discarded in the following cases:

• If wooden surface was previously processed oil formulations... You cannot get rid of them even with the help of scraping, since the oil penetrates deeply into the structure of the tree. If you apply varnish to such a surface, it will swell and flake off.
• Varnishes are not suitable for rooms with high humidity (bathroom, veranda, balcony).
• Lacquer compositions are not used to treat the floor on open balcony, terrace, veranda or gazebo.