Device for cold forging. Quality homemade cold forging tools

A person who is not indifferent to forged products can only be envied. It has everything you need to implement the most daring design projects. Devices for the manufacture of elements cold forging can be purchased at ready-made or make it yourself, but in one case or another, you can be sure that it will be convenient and easy to work with them. At the same time, great physical strength is not required, all that is needed is to press the necessary buttons and turn the special levers in a timely manner.

The only thing to remember is that making cold forged products requires strict rules and consistency. In other words, cold forging is a phased technological process, at which the deformation of metal blanks occurs, depending on desired project. To have a better idea about this work, you need to figure out what types of forging are, what popular forged elements are called, and what it looks like to make forged products with your own hands.

In the manufacture metal products 7 types of cold forging can be distinguished. These are some kind of stages of creating elements that need to be performed when working with blanks.

All work must be carried out in accordance with the requirements and rules, otherwise you should not hope for a beautiful forged product.

The most important stage is the forging of metal blanks. This is the largest, most responsible, complex and serious process, so it must be treated very carefully. Cold forging can be of several types:

• Draft - it is carried out under high pressure. This is necessary in order to increase the workpiece on the sides, by reducing its height.
• Broaching - this stage is performed by heating a metal part, followed by processing it with a hammer. This is necessary in order to reduce the cross-sectional area by increasing the length of the metal rod.
• Firmware - this stage involves making holes inside the workpiece. When performing such work, you can get holes of different diameters and lengths. It is open and closed.

The draft and broach makes the structure of the metal workpiece more fragile, so further work must be carried out very carefully to prevent breakage of one or another part of the structure.

Cold Forging Tools

The manufacture of forged products in a cold way involves the use of several fixtures or machines. As mentioned above, they can be purchased or made by hand, but first, let's figure out what parts can be obtained using various machines.

For hand-made products, you will have to make special templates that allow you to create elements various shapes and magnitude.

How to work with the snail mechanism, you can see on the proposed video:

• Universal mechanism - it allows you to perform several functions, cutting, riveting and forming metal products. By the way, such a device can be easily assembled with your own hands, which will greatly save your budget.
• Gnutik - such a mechanism allows you to create an arc deformation of a metal part. But here you need to spend accurate calculations and measurements, so as not to be mistaken with the bend radius.
• Twister - the mechanism of this plan allows you to bend the workpiece along the longitudinal axis already finished product. The principle of operation of such a mechanism is to bend the product by clamping it on one side and the other. In this case, the rotating handle will allow you to twist the part.
• Wave - a mechanism of such a plan allows you to get wave-like parts from metal blanks. On such a machine, it is customary to make the “Boyarsky” or “Wave” gratings.
• Stamp press - the name speaks for itself. Such a mechanism allows stamps with various carved elements to be applied to metal parts. Each master should have several such stamps in his arsenal, then the finished products will be more diverse. The principle of its operation is very simple, under the influence of pressure, clear prints from the templates remain on the metal elements.
• Mechanical knot - this mechanism allows you to bend metal rods into a circle. In this case, the diameter of such products may be different. Therefore, in the arsenal of masters, such a device is indispensable.

Do-it-yourself cold forging, step-by-step instructions and expert advice

Strange as it may seem, but Forged Products can be made even at home. Of course, they will not be as frilly as hot-worked elements, but in quality decorative design they have no equal. All you need is a few of the tools described above, materials, and most importantly, desire. The rest is technology compliance.

The manufacturing process consists of several stages:

Starting work, check your calculations again, even a small error can spoil appearance the finished product, not to mention the fact that it may not fit in size to the intended composition. Fix and customize finished parts always more difficult, much easier to check everything several times.

After making all the details, you can begin to assemble the intended composition. For fastening, it is better to use welding, but you should not overdo it with it, so as not to damage smaller elements.

The final stage will be the processing of the finished product, which involves grinding and painting the finished composition.

If you took up the production of forged elements in a cold way, then you probably studied the price market and assessed your financial capabilities. If not, then first pay attention to the cost of materials, necessary equipment and methods of processing the finished product. But in any case, a product made by oneself is worth all the costs. And you can reduce them on the equipment, if you make it yourself.

Blacksmithing is a hard physical labor that requires special equipment in conjunction with the specialized knowledge and experience of the master. However, in order to make some artistic elements you just need to bend the blanks at the desired angle. Metal deformation can be performed without heating mechanically for this, cold forging machines are used. What are the features of such units - we will talk in this article.

Choice of tools and materials for forging. Tips for beginner metal artists. Description of the forging process, features and warnings.

The main working force required to deform the material will be assumed by the support, so the base of the future machine must be strong. For this purpose, an I-beam or a pair of channels welded together is suitable. The stability of the base will be added by paws from a similar profile, welded to general design. Then you can start manufacturing other components - the tailstock and the spindle.

In each of the nodes of a do-it-yourself home-made cold forging machine, the cartridges intended for placing blanks in them must have strong screw clamps (in order to securely fix them). Due to the reduction in the length of the workpiece when twisting, the tailstock is always made sliding. It is allowed to build a headstock from a vice, fixing them on the base with bolts having a standard size of at least M16. On the same axis with the clamping unit, a bushing is installed for the movable part of the machine, in which holes for clamping bolts are pre-drilled.

The movable part of the spindle is rotated by a handle consisting of 4 levers, which are long enough to dampen the force applied for rotation. You can add rubber grommets to protect your hands from slipping.

The main difference in the assembly of a universal home-made cold forging machine lies in the design of the moving part. It should provide for screw feed in the manufacture of lanterns and baskets and be fixed with the usual twisting of the metal. Therefore, the movable part is supplied with a set of two spindles - smooth and screw. In this version, the sliding headstock requires a locking screw for fixing.

Useful advice! If it is necessary to make a workpiece that is not twisted along its entire length, but only in certain areas, limiters are added to the machine design. They are made according to the type of tailstock - with screw clamps and the possibility of sliding.

Work on a torsion machine is physically tiring, to get quality products in large volume difficult. Therefore, the introduction of an electric drive into the design would be an appropriate solution.

How to make a cold forging machine

The bending machine is monumental, massive, simple in design and assembly, but difficult to find and fit parts. Its purpose is to bend the workpiece at different angles, so the force on all nodes will be equally large, which means that the requirements for assembly parts are high.

A thick steel frame is selected for the base of the machine. It is worth considering that the machine will be mounted on the table. Usually fasteners are made with a bolted connection, for example, like a vice. A guide is made in the center of the frame, which will be movable. It is driven by an eccentric mechanism, which, in turn, is fixed on the base frame. Additionally, three stops are installed, creating a kind of “fork” - these are the working elements of the structure. Depending on the fold profile, they are changed: round rollers - to make a wave, "hammer" - to form corners.

Working elements are made only from structural steel. Their strength is the reliability of all equipment. Processing and fitting such products require only professional equipment. Therefore, if there are difficulties in ordering, buying or manufacturing the main components, then it would be advisable to buy a machine for cold forging a bendik in a store. Its cost is low, but it can be additionally useful for bending pipes.

Do-it-yourself snail machine for cold forging: options

The assembly algorithm for a home-made cold forging machine with your own hands is quite simple and understandable. Only when creating a snail, three options for a design idea are possible, and even then they are very approximate. Each master sees the execution of a curl or spiral, as well as the sequence of bending the workpiece in his own way.

Like any creative process, making a snail for cold forging with your own hands begins with the basics - designing the key components of the machine. In this case, this is a frame, a tabletop and a main shaft with a rotation lever.

The frame or table for the snail must be made of metal. The tree is completely unsuitable for this design: prolonged and strong loads will destroy it in several applications. As the material used, a corner, thick-walled pipes or a channel will be appropriate. For the countertop, you will also need metal - a sheet with a thickness of at least 4 mm: the thicker, the more reliable. The shaft and lever is the main unit that will force the metal workpiece to bend in a given pattern. The lever is connected on one side with a roller that bends the workpiece, and on the other - with the main shaft.

According to the type of execution, the snail machines come in three options:

• monolithic with fixed bend pattern;
• with removable bend designs that allow you to make a curl of different types;
• with collapsible curl designs and a rotating table top to obtain complex bend profiles of great precision.

Do-it-yourself snail cold forging machine drawings

Many masters who take up the manufacture of machine tools for the first time neglect the design stage, build templates “by eye”, and develop and upgrade units directly in the assembly process. A drawing of a snail for cold forging with your own hands should be done at the preparation stage. It will help to avoid some subtle nuances during assembly, and also significantly reduce the time of the manufacturing process.

It is not necessary to follow the drawings made by another master. Availability of materials of manufacture or assembly conditions may vary, and it is also likely that the vision finished construction it can also be different.

One of the design options : 1 - snail plowshare; 2 - the basis of the machine; 3 - pressure roller; 4 - lever for controlling the pressure roller; 5 - base fastening; 6 - a finger for fixing the plowshares; 7 - groove for the pressure roller; 8 - axis of the control lever; 9 - spring for pressing the roller; 10 - clamp for the workpiece; 11 - leading share of the snail; 12 - main axis; 13 - levers
Scheme of a snail machine for processing products by cold forging

The drawing is especially important for building curl patterns with your own hands. A video of cold forging equipment will help you correctly calculate and build a proportional spiral. This stage is necessary so that the curl made on a homemade machine has an aesthetic appearance.

Useful advice! Snail templates are built according to the rules of mathematical spirals, taking into account the number of turns, their density, the width of the opening for equipment on the machine and the initial radius of the entrance to the curl.

Making a snail: how to make a machine with your own hands

A monolithic machine is the simplest snail design. The spiral pattern is applied directly to the worktop. Then, following the drawing, several pieces of thick metal are cut out. They are welded to the countertop, observing the markings applied earlier. Work on this type of snail progresses slowly, but the machine allows you to bend both blanks of symmetrical diameter and metal strips that are laid flat, without vertical deformations.

A monolithic machine may have an alternative design, when the base is made not fixed, but rotatable. For given rotation and relief physical labor worm gear is used.

How to improve your own machine for cold forging a snail

A homemade snail does not have to contain only simple elements. You can immediately assemble an improved model. For example, what to do if curls are needed different forms, and with a different pattern of spirals? It would be impractical to assemble a separate machine for each sample. Therefore, instead of a tightly welded single template on the table top, a number of removable options with different patterns are created. Adjustments are made to the design that allow you to change the template, stably fix it, while maintaining the overall reliability of the machine.

The machine is recognized as the most professional of the snail models, where the tabletop rotates, and the curl template is made from several collapsible segments. It should be noted that all sections are made with high precision. This is difficult to implement in a home workshop, so the production of a node is ordered in workshops or at a factory. The curvature of the template is changed with the help of adjusting screws, and a series of holes are made on the surface of the tabletop, which will fix the template segments in a given position. In a similar way, you can bend any kind of curl.

Making a do-it-yourself cold forging machine, the drawing of which will help you complete this task, is quite simple if you understand the principle of its operation and design features. It is important at the same time to calculate everything carefully and take measurements. It is possible that someone will be able to come up with their own new options or improve existing models.

Do-it-yourself home-made machines for cold forging metal with your own hands: video instruction

One way to decorate areas is to use forged products. Fences, benches, gazebos, stair railings and other similar structures look very decorative. Moreover, in most cases, these products are not forging in its traditional sense. Most often this is done not in a forge and not with a hammer and anvil, but with the help of some devices that allow you to create a wide variety of patterns and products from metal strips and square bars. For the manufacture of such products, cold forging machines will be required. Some of them can be made with your own hands, others are easier to buy.

Fences, railings for stairs and balconies - you can also do it yourself Porch railings - an ornament, not an exclusively utilitarian device

What kind of devices are used

Cold forging is characterized by various curls, bends, twisted rods, etc. Almost every type is made on a separate device - a specific machine. The drive they can be manual, or maybe electric. For small volumes "for themselves" apply manual machines for cold forging. Although they are not very productive, they are much easier to manufacture. If it is necessary to put production on stream, similar devices are made, but with electric motors. In this case, it is almost not necessary to work physically, but the complexity of manufacturing the device increases significantly. In our material we will talk about manual machines for cold forging.

What devices are used:

• Torsion. With their help, tetrahedral bars or strips of metal are twisted in the longitudinal direction. It turns out twisted columns, which are also called torsion bars.

  

• Torch. On this device, the bar is also twisted in the longitudinal direction, only it is additionally bent in the transverse direction. It turns out something similar to a flashlight. Hence the name of the device.

  

  This is how a flashlight is made

• Twisters or snails. Form flat curls of different diameters.

  

  Device for cold forging snail - for forming curls

• Bending machines or benders. Allows you to bend rods or rebar at the required angle in any place.

  

  For bending anywhere and at any angle - bending machines (bending machines)

• Wave. In fact, this is also a bend, but of a more complex design - it allows you to change the direction of the bend, getting wavy details.

  

  Machine "Wave" - ​​for the formation of the appropriate relief

• Devices for processing the ends of parts - inertial stamping machines or other home-made devices.

  

  Machines for finishing the ends of bars. AT this case- goose foot

For a novice craftsman, the most relevant cold forging machine is a snail. Only with its help you can make a lot of interesting things - from a fence and a gate to a bench and other similar products. In second place, according to the degree of need, is a torsion machine. It adds variety to the details. All the rest can be acquired or made as you improve and gain skill.

Homemade "Snails"

In fact, this is a modernized one), but these improvements make it easy to make curls from fairly thick bars (with a cross section of up to 10-12 mm) and repeat them with a high degree of accuracy.

These cold forging machines have several designs, but the easiest option to implement is with round table having a central leg. A lever with rollers on bearings at the end is movably fixed to the leg. They make the bending process easier.

The table surface can be made from steel sheet 10 mm thick or more. For the leg, you can use any thick-walled round pipe. It is important to make the structure stable, as lateral forces will be applied, therefore side racks, struts, as well as a stable base are needed.

Drawing machine for cold forging "Snail"

The lever is easier to make from a square pipe with a thick wall - at least 2-3 mm. Pipe section 25*40mm or so. The lever can be attached to the leg on a bearing, or you can simply take a small piece of a thick-walled pipe of a larger diameter, put it on the leg, and weld a stop strip from below so that the lever does not fall down. The bearing option gives easier movement, but with lubrication, the second option is also working.

The shape of the lever is also important. double lever, top part- working, lower - supporting. Wherever there are connections, it is desirable to add reinforcement, since the efforts are significant.

A mandrel or jig is fixed on the table - a form along which the curls are bent. They are made in different diameters - so that you can make curls of different diameters. Such mandrels can be prefabricated - to form more bends. Each such sample must have rods that are installed in holes in the table. So this template is fixed. Also, its shape must be designed in such a way that the end of the bar is well fixed in it.

Often, mandrels are machined from a metal circle of a suitable diameter using a grinder, but there are metal options with steel plates welded onto it, curved accordingly.

How to make a similar machine for cold forging - in the next video. There is also a good description of how to bring the ends of the workpiece to a decent state - the usual raw edges look very rough. There is special equipment for processing them, but, as it turned out, you can cope without it.

Torsion machine

As already mentioned, these cold forging machines allow you to make longitudinal bends on the bar. This is a relatively simple design. The main task is to fix one end of the bar motionless, to attach a lever to the second, with which it will be possible to twist the workpiece.

As a basis, a cut of a profiled pipe with a thick wall (at least 3 mm) is suitable. The latch can be welded from the same rods, leaving a square gap of the desired diameter. You can use a cable clamp of a suitable size (can be found at a rigging store). Any of these stops is welded to the base.

Rope holder - great rod holder

Next, you need to somehow ensure the capture and torsion of the second part of the workpiece. This can be done using two bearing assemblies. A pipe of a suitable diameter is inserted inside, on one side a handle is welded to it - the design resembles the letter "T". On the other hand, a retainer is made in the pipe: four holes are drilled, nuts are welded into them for 12 or 14 bolts. The result is a good latch - the bolts are tightened after the bar has been inserted.

An even simpler machine for making torsion bars by cold forging is in the next video.

Video about homemade fixtures and cold forging machines

The production of metal parts requires special equipment capable of creating a force that forms the shape of an object. Alternatively, you can purchase relatively inexpensive devices. However, it is not difficult to independently make almost any cold forging machine with your own hands.

What is required for this we will consider in the course of our article.

Of course, if the budget allows, you can not complicate your life too much and purchase universal equipment for cold forging metal. Moreover, such a machine combines all the individual hand tools. But the rather small cost of such a workbench makes it inaccessible to many home workshops.

What do-it-yourself cold forging tools can be made and what to produce on them?

To establish your own metalworking workshop, the main six machines are quite enough: a bender, a twister, a flashlight, a volume, a snail, and a wave.

These homemade machines are capable of processing the main types of materials used in cold metal working technology: squares, bars (with a cross section of up to 14 millimeters) and a steel strip, 3-6 mm thick with a width in the range of 25 millimeters. the same operation as the factory equipment: bending, twisting or pressing without loss of quality.

Also, on a home-made manual machine, it is quite possible to produce the main elements of cold forged products: curls, volutes, baskets required for further assembly. finished products. Moreover, blacksmith equipment compact, it can be easily placed in the garage workshop.

Learning to work with a cold forging tool is very simple. It does not require special knowledge about the properties of the metal and its further processing(annealing, tempering or hardening). The training and production process is practically safe, the equipment and materials do not work with high temperatures, and the working mechanisms are very simple.

The only drawback in cold forging metal and working on manual equipment is the possibility of marriage if mistakes are made. But the main problem is that defects are very difficult to correct. Defective elements can be corrected only by heating the metal in a furnace or on a burner.

The easiest for self assembly there will be: snails, gnutiki and twisters. They do not require expensive tools. All you need is welding, a cutting tool, drawings with materials and a little understanding in mechanics.

So how to do homemade machines for cold forging with your own hands?

Assembly of different types of equipment

For the initial stage of arranging a cold metalworking workshop, three main devices will be required: a bender, a twister and a snail. What elements can be produced on them?

A bender is a device that greatly simplifies the bending of a part and the production of bends of any shape.

It easily handles rolled products in the form of steel strip and rod with dimensions of 12x12 millimeters. In addition to corner parts, the bender can create arc-shaped parts.

The twister serves to twist a long workpiece around its axis into a longitudinal spiral. In hot forging, there is a similar tool - a crank. The twister is similar to this device in its design. This is a frame on which a collar with a rotating head and a slider are fixed, which limits and fixes the desired length of the part. Parts twisted on such equipment are a frequent element used to assemble window grilles, fences, railings and other types of fences.

If you install additional devices in the form of a shaft on the twister, then it will be able to produce voluminous baskets.

The snail is perhaps the most famous manual cold forging machine. Volute and various parts twisted around the axis are produced on its conductor. The assembled device consists of a kind of frame (round / square), a jig (spiral) and a roller with a manual drive in the form of a lever are fixed on it. By pressing the drive lever and feeding the workpiece, any type of spiral can be twisted without problems.

The main thing in the manufacture of manual equipment for cold forging of metal is the observance of three basic principles:

1. The length of the lever drive is calculated so that sufficient force is applied to the metal.
2. It is best to make the components of the installations prefabricated or movable, then it will be possible to easily adjust the dimensions of the elements produced.
3. All parts of the conductors are made with a sufficient margin of safety, and the connections must be of high quality.

Observing such principles, it is quite feasible to manufacture normal metalworking equipment with excellent performance.

The listed three installations with the mechanism working manually allow to make the majority of products without heating of metal.

Gnutik assembly

This cold forging machine has wide application. With it, you can bend parts of any configuration. The device is quite simple, it consists of a base on which the rollers are mounted, a wedge (setting bend) and control levers. The machine itself can be made in a vertical or horizontal design.

It is easier to make a horizontal type on your own.

• It is necessary to prepare a frame in which mounting holes are drilled for mounting the rollers, wedge and lever.
• The wedge should move along the bed (controlled by pressing the lower lever). Its position should be interchangeable, so it will be possible to adjust the angle and steepness of the bend. To do this, it is better to make it on a screw thread, screwing in which changes the distance of the wedge.
• The upper arm is used to shape the workpiece into an arc shape.

After watching the video, you can understand how such a machine works and the principle of its device

Making a snail

The photo shows the main parts of the snail cold forging fixture. The formation of the element occurs due to a special conductor, curled with a spiral (snail). This part, preferably, should be two-part. The manufacture of the machine is as follows.

• A frame is prepared in a round or square shape. For its manufacture, it is better to use metal 5-6 mm.
• Holes are drilled in the base for fastening the conductor (its two parts) and the working lever.
• A rotating roller is mounted on the side, which will set the movement of the workpiece.
• The lever must have sufficient strength, it can be made from an appropriate profile or pipe (with thick walls).
• The conductor is made of thick metal, curved in a spiral. It has holes for mounting bolts.

Below are photos of the drawings of the conductor and the device itself.

For a more understandable principle of operation of such equipment, watch the video provided:

Do-it-yourself hand-made cold forging machines with this design are quite capable of bending bars and squares of various sections up to 14 millimeters.

It is worth remembering that more force on a thick workpiece can be created using a longer lever, so an additional extension for such a drive can be provided.

There are other variants of the snail. For example, with a drive in the form of a gate located in a horizontal plane. Schematic drawings of such a device are shown in the photo below.

How to make a twister

The twister (or torsion bar) has a horizontal arrangement of parts. It consists of a frame on which a knob with a rotating head is attached, and a slider that rigidly fixes the workpiece and regulates the length of the product.

• First you need to prepare a workbench (table) where the device will be fixed.
• The bed can be made from a strong I-beam or any other material that has sufficient strength. Its length is selected depending on the parameters of the processed workpieces.
• A slider is made on the frame. Its lower part should move along the device and be fixed in the desired position. Bolt holes can be drilled for mounting. The part where the workpiece will be inserted can be made to its size (through hole) or made from a vise.
• A collar with a rotating head can also be made to fit a specific workpiece or use a chuck from lathe(small sizes)
• The unit is mounted on the table so that the edge of the table does not interfere with turning the knob.

As in the case of a snail, the length of the lever determines the force that is applied to the metal being processed.

If you make an additional mount for the shaft, then on such a torsion bar it will be possible to produce volumetric baskets by twisting a rod onto a template.

The principle of operation of the machine is shown in the video:

After studying the information, you can also make devices such as a wave (wave-like elements), a flashlight (baskets) or a volumetric (volumetric elements with parts curved in different planes).

If possible, some of these machines can be made electrically driven by installing an engine with the appropriate power for this.

What can you add to this material from your personal experience for the manufacture of equipment for cold forging? How problematic is it to make a cold forging machine with your own hands and what materials to use? Join the discussion in the comments to the article and share your best practices.

give personal plot a respectable appearance is possible without the cost of large Money. To do this, it is enough to install forged metal elements of the fence, mount forged garden benches, fix lanterns and lamps, forge coasters for flowerpots, barbecues, details for gazebos. A cheap way to manufacture interior and exterior items is cold forging in a professional or household forge.

For handicraft workshops, the production of artistic elements is quite affordable if cold forging equipment is available, the main components of which include a machine of a special design. Forged metal parts can be made in the home forge, if there are drawings of cold forging machines, with their own hands, craftsmen are able to assemble from 3 to 5 options from the available components.

Before assembling home-made machines and devices for cold forging, experts recommend studying the technological process and methods for manufacturing figured elements without the use of equipment and tooling. It’s easy to learn how to create beautiful things with your own hands, it’s enough to get minimal skills in working with fittings and sheet material.

Cold art forging differs from hot bending in the way the workpiece is processed. Do a beautiful craft using hot forging is possible only after preheating the metal. The cold part is riveted by a series of hammer blows with a broach along the length of the strip. Physical impact changes the structure of the material, increases the strength of the upper layer, leaving the core elastic and resistant to fracture.

The decommissioned rails, wheel rims and buffers of railway cars used in the manufacture of the snail bending device help to speed up the production process. A simple drawing of a “snail” for cold forging will help to assemble a fixture with an economical and safe manual drive from improvised materials. Simple design consists of the following components:

1. bending lever;
2. gate or rotary plowshare;
3. patterns;
4. bypass roller.

The positive properties of the “snail” twister machine include the following factors: the equipment can be installed anywhere, the vertical component has a minimum working load, the horizontal load is transferred to the steel profile support. The plowshare can be turned with one hand, the second hand presses the reinforcement bar or a strip of metal.

Simple mechanical machines for forging metal allow you to bend spirals with up to 5 turns. In order to properly assemble the “snail” machine, it is necessary to study the principle of operation of the equipment and the method of assembling the main components, among which the main ones are:

Lever "snail" has unique property, thanks to which curls are obtained with a core of limited size from a strip of metal laid flat. The installation of a vertical roller with a flange helps to avoid the formation of a vertical wave on the workpiece. The workflow is time consuming, the lever must be applied in short shifts.

Depending on the qualifications of the blacksmith, forging machines for one of three fixture options can take part in the workflow.

Option one refers to simple devices in which the contour of the spiral is machined or welded on the surface of the tabletop.

Option two involves the manufacture of a "snail" from collapsible parts. Holes with internal thread, according to the template, metal plates with holes for bolts are cut out. To fix the segments on the tabletop, bolts or stops are used; the design allows the production of workpieces with different radii of the “snail” curls without using the heating of the bar.

The third version of the machine consists of collapsible segments for the production of modules with different option spirals. The modules are made from separate metal fragments with welded parts of the "snail".

Regardless of the version, cold forging machines are mounted in the same way. AT initial stage it is necessary to equip a place for a frame, the legs of which are concreted in a specially prepared foundation.

At the next stage, the main circle of the tabletop is welded along the contour of the frame, the shaft is mounted using triangles, and the rotating lever is fixed. To upper section shaft, the second circle of the tabletop is welded, on which the “snail” spiral segments are installed.

In the technical dictionary, all bending machines for cold forging metal are called "gnutiks". By changing the rollers and wedges in the machine with manual control, it is possible to adjust the bending angle of the metal, the pitch and the height of the wave. The template for forging curls is built on the principle of a mathematical spiral based on forms of natural origin: snail shell, treble clef, violin neck, etc.

"Gnutik" industrial production allows you to make parts that are not possible to forge on a home assembly machine. Equipment components and replacement tools must be manufactured according to exact dimensions and processed on professional equipment.

Professional blacksmiths recommend buying a ready-made “gnick”. Such a device is easy to operate, useful for production welded structures from pipes of small diameter, rod, fittings, steel strip at home.

The simplest device for cold art forging is also a board with spacers, which can be M24 bolts. The device is easy to handle metal strip up to 6 mm thick