Detailed business plan with calculations. Ready-made business plan with calculations using the example of a web studio

I am glad to welcome regular readers and a new audience! Today we will continue talking about starting your own business. To help you, I offer a ready-made business plan with calculations for small businesses. And those who are used to relying on themselves will learn how to properly compose it from scratch and adapt it for a specific case. When you read the article to the end, there will be no questions left!

Business Plan Key Success Factors: 3 Key Rules

A business plan is a document that brings an idea to implementation in a form that is understandable to an entrepreneur and investors. It analyzes the situation and describes the mechanisms of the systems involved.

The following rules will be the basis for drawing up the plan:

1. Unbiasedly determine the current level. Employed but want to start a business? You will need to consider what you have: skills, connections, availability of start-up capital and premises - everything plays a role.
2. List a specific outcome. Starting a business with the wording “I want to become rich” is dooming it to failure. Determine the market niche, profit level, turnover.
3. Consider the steps that will lead to the designated outcome. Be logical and conduct additional analysis if you are not sure of the knowledge.

Stick to these rules, whether you want to impress investors or are building a project for yourself. Constantly ask the question, “Why does a business need to succeed?” The key to success can be a successful product, the qualifications of the team, the influence of partners, etc. Having found the answer, use the advantage to the maximum, and the result will meet expectations.

Business plan structure: main sections

Thinking about how to make business plans for a small business yourself? Adhere to a clear structure that will allow both you and your partners to navigate the document.

Title page layout

The name of the project is written on the title page. , indicate the amount of investment and the expected payback period. It is also appropriate to provide information about the organization: address, contact numbers, full name of the owner.

Writing a resume: briefly about the main

The summary is the first section of interest to potential contributors. So that this acquaintance with the project does not end, state the essence of the idea. Focus on the goals and objectives, list the necessary resources and methods for implementing projects. Be sure to highlight why the offer is unique.

Finally, let's get down to the numbers:

• necessary for opening investments;
• project start date;
• the planned and actual time for the return of funds.

Finally, state the expected profit. No need to use lengthy stories about the benefits of the enterprise: it is enough to make a competent calculation.

Setting Goals and Objectives: Be Concise

In the "Goals and Objectives" section, the position you plan to take is determined. Mention the technological processes necessary to achieve the result, but do not go into details - you will provide information in the appendices. The main task is to tell why the proposal wins against competitors. But avoid unsubstantiated statements, because every word must be supported by facts.

Do you want to emphasize the originality of the idea? List patents and copyright documents. Specify and path further development so that investors can see the long-term benefits of cooperation.

Carrying out market analysis, identifying the desired segment

After conducting a market analysis, you will determine the availability of available niches. It is necessary to consider the internal state of the chosen industry and the influence of external factors (for example, a difficult economic situation, a shortage of personnel). Take into account the risk of facing competition and tell what advantages your product has.

To improve the effectiveness of the plan, define the market segment. You will need to draw up a portrait of the buyer, considering the following:

• age;
• social status;
• needs;
• reasons why the client will contact you.

Having determined the portrait of a potential buyer and his needs, evaluate the capabilities of the enterprise. Special attention should be given to this part if you plan to open a new business.

The description of the product or service is presented with an emphasis on the benefits of the consumer. Simply put, do not tell what a great product you have, but describe why the client needs it.

The list of characteristics and properties should include the following:

• the product's name;
• appointment;
• enumeration of the main properties and short story about secondary;
• definition of competitiveness;
• availability of copyrights or a license (if they are only to be obtained, mention this point);
• information on deliveries, guarantees, service availability;
• description appearance;
• availability of certificates;
• performance characteristics;
• disposal methods.

Describing items will make planning easier and help you understand which properties need improvement.

Marketing Analysis and Plan: Promotion Strategy

Task marketing analysis consists in developing the image of the product and determining the promotion strategy. When you outline the circle of buyers and set the required volume of goods, consider ways to convey information to the audience.

It will be easier to formulate the needs of future buyers by answering a number of questions:

1. Describe what they are purchasing now that your product is not on the market. List popular suppliers, volume of purchases, indicate the average price.
2. The hardest part is understanding why a consumer prefers a particular product. Buying kitchen utensils, the client can choose a set with the largest number components, bet on convenience or appreciate an attractive design. You need to determine his motivation, which will help desk research, telephone surveys and expert interviews.
3. Ask main question: “How do I get people to buy my product?” It is possible to attract customers with promotions, participation in exhibitions, sending out flyers, and providing free samples.

The nuances of work depend on whether the activity is aimed at a wholesale or retail consumer, whether you are going to involve legal or individuals etc.

Production and organization plan

In the next section, you will list the stages of production, mentioning the availability of facilities, equipment, and personnel. Describe everything in detail; if a partner is involved in the business, the costs must be clear to him. It is also necessary to calculate the cost of production, making an adjustment for variable factors.

In the organizational part, the implementation schedule is given, the deadlines are indicated. Legislative acts regulating activities in the selected area are also listed.

Financial plan: calculate the funds

In 70% of cases, the reason why startups close is the lack of funds. To avoid this prospect, make a financial plan. It includes the following:

• plan of income and expenses;
• project implementation period;
• approximate balance for the 1st year of operation;
• breakeven analysis.

For investors to evaluate the prospects, provide a debt repayment schedule. Focus on the rational use of funds by reducing costs. But save wisely: one of the mistakes that doom entrepreneurship to failure is underestimating upcoming expenses.

Risk Analysis: Spare yourself the surprises

Finally, consider situations that threaten your business and suggest ways to solve problems. The right strategy will attract investors and make your job easier.

The structure of the business plan can be changed by adding paragraphs and applications. If you have an idea of ​​what you are going to do, then you can do it.

New tool at work: SWOT analysis

After learning how to write a business plan, you will take on the strategic part. It is necessary to identify external and internal factors that affect the development of the organization, and describe the current situation. A SWOT analysis will help you cope with the task, which implies that you highlight 4 aspects of the project:

The versatility of the method allows you to apply it in any area, whether you choose farming or car service. Use does not require special knowledge, just avoid common beginner mistakes:

• revaluation strengths;
• attempts to pass off a disadvantage as an advantage;
• intentional or accidental ignoring of minuses.

To get results, be honest with yourself: you can remain silent about the shortcomings when conducting advertising campaigns, but when writing a business plan, a mistake will be fatal. First of all, look at the product or service through the eyes of the consumer, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses. Be meticulous and use different sources: consult with the team, conduct testing, create several SWOT tables for relevant market segments. And so that you get an idea of ​​​​how to conduct analytics step by step, look at an example:

Business plan for an atelier

The option of opening an atelier is suitable for novice entrepreneurs with skills in tailoring and repairing clothes. After all, despite the abundance of shops, finished products remains standardized. Fashion trends put individuality at the forefront, so there will be no shortage of customers. You just need to think about how to attract them and convert them into the status of regular customers.

First steps: define goals and think over the price

Even a small business will need a business plan that defines goals. I recommend the following to them:

• creation of a profitable organization;
• receiving income;
• Satisfying consumer needs for tailoring and repairing clothes within a particular region.

Choose sole proprietorship as the legal form, as accounting requirements are simpler and tax fees are lower. Then define the range of services provided, which will include:

• sewing new clothes;
• minor repairs of the old;
• restoration.

Although tailoring remains the most expensive service, most profit will bring repair. This is due to the fact that the creation of a new model takes an average of 14 days, and putting it in order old thing possible in 15-30 minutes. The cost of repairs starts from 200 rubles, which will ensure a quick payback if there are customers.

Choice of premises and equipment

Location remains a key factor, so look for accommodation in mall or on the 1st floor of the building. The option with the shopping center is more profitable due to the traffic, besides, the customers of the stores will want to fit the purchased clothes on the spot on the spot.

But to equip the workshop, making repairs in ordinary apartment, will be easier. Keep in mind that accommodation on the upper floors is acceptable in cases where you already have an established customer base.

Ideally, the atelier is located in the city center, close to sewing shops.

Choose a room with an area of ​​20 sq. m. and more to arrange everything you need. On the initial stage will need:

• 3 professional cars (about 7,000 rubles per piece);
• special iron or steam generator (11,000 rubles);
• overlock (5,000 rubles).

Not to do without furniture for equipment working area and comfortable waiting area for customers. You will have to buy the following:

• cutting table;
• tables for cars;
• chairs;
• mirrors;
• dummy;
• hanger for outerwear of employees and visitors;
• sofas and coffee table for the waiting area.

Buy consumables as well, because respectable clients will not want to bring threads, elastic bands, zippers along with the fabric. Together with the cost of furniture, you will need to allocate 24,000 rubles.

Recruitment and pay

Recruitment determines success, so look for people who love what they do. You will need 2-3 seamstresses and a cutter, who can be found through online ads or recruitment agencies. The average salary of a seamstress is 15,000 rubles, a cutter - 20,000. A percentage of completed orders (20-40%) is added to the rate, which stimulates work better.

When hiring employees, specify the nuances of responsibility. It is not uncommon for clients to bring in expensive materials, and their damage to the seamstress or cutter must reimburse all costs.

Subject to well-conducted marketing campaigns, studios pay off in 2 years. It is only necessary to think over all stages of business promotion, reducing the share of advertising in local media. If you invest in a prominent sign, develop branded packages, send out a small discount coupon mailing list, you will soon acquire a permanent clientele.

Business plan for mobile car service

Since car sales do not stop even during a crisis, their maintenance will become a constant source of income. A field car service is in demand: you will provide services that do not require a lift and take a couple of hours. The price will include system adjustments, checking the operation of the battery, the presence of oil and other liquids, and simple replacement of parts. At right approach the profitability of the enterprise is at the level of service stations.

What you need to start

To get started, do not do without the following:

1. Take care of vehicle containing the necessary equipment. A Gazelle minibus, which you will rent, will do.
2. Of the equipment, you will need jacks (without them, you cannot replace the pads or filters) and a lounger on rollers. Also purchase a vacuum cleaner and a couple of compressors, including a suction one. The importance of having keys and other tools can be left out.
3. The article of profit will be the sale of consumables. You will buy oil, candles, liquids at wholesale prices, and sell them at retail prices.

To begin with, you will perform the work yourself, expanding the staff as needed. With an increase in the customer base, it is worth hiring a dispatcher who explains the nuances: you do not have to break away from business.

How to define clientele

Who makes up the clientele of such organizations? Mostly people who drive budget cars old models. Their cars need regular maintenance (oil changes, brake pads, tire pressure checks), but due to busy work, the owners delay visits to the service station. The result is unplanned breakdowns, thanks to which your services will become in demand.

To find customers, do not put up ads in garages. Such niches are occupied, therefore, as part of an advertising campaign, it is better to hire a pretty girl promoter. She will hand out brochures to car owners in the parking lot, and later you will fix the remaining advertising under the wipers.

How to write text for a booklet? Offer customers to save not money, but time. Bet that they will not have to go to the service station after work, but the car will still be in in perfect order. Accompanying the offer with a transparent pricing policy, you will attract the consumer.

"Distress services" are also popular: they are resorted to when the owner has lost the keys or cannot start the engine for no apparent reason.

How to increase profitability

To make the business pay off, purchase high-quality equipment and take care of the selection of employees. After all, it is difficult to find a master: people are guided by the principle “I didn’t find a job in construction - I’ll go to a car service”. If you or your employee is not qualified, then it is useless to take out a loan to open a business or purchase equipment.

No business project is complete without a business plan. This document is detailed instructions opening a commercial business, where the tasks that need to be solved in order to achieve the ultimate goal (that is, maximizing profits) are described step by step, as well as the methods and means that the entrepreneur is going to use. Without a business plan, it is impossible to receive investments in a commercial project, or apply to a bank for a loan for business development. However, even if the entrepreneur does not plan to attract third-party funds, he still needs a business plan - for himself.

Why is this document needed, and what is its exceptional importance? A well-written business plan, which contains verified information and verified figures, is the foundation of a commercial project. It will allow you to analyze in advance the state of the market and the severity of competition, predict possible risks and develop ways to minimize them, estimate the amount of required start-up capital and total amount investment, as well as the expected return - in short, to find out whether it is advisable to take a financial risk and invest in this idea.

"Business idea"

The basis of any project is a business idea - that for which, in fact, everything is conceived. An idea is a service or product that will bring profit to the entrepreneur. The success of a project is almost always determined by the right choice of idea.

• What idea is successful?

The success of an idea is its potential profitability. So, at every time there are directions that are initially favorable for making a profit. For example, some time ago it was fashionable to import yoghurts into the Russian Federation - this product instantly gained popularity among the population, and the number of import companies grew in proportion to this popularity. Only a completely unfortunate and incompetent entrepreneur could fail a project in this area and make a business unprofitable. Now, the idea of ​​trading yogurt with a huge degree of probability will not be successful: the market is already oversaturated with products domestic production, imported goods are unlikely to be favorably received by consumers due to the high price and customs difficulties, in addition, the main players in this segment have already established themselves in the market and have established supply and distribution channels.

Most entrepreneurs, choosing an idea for profit, think in terms of the majority - they say, if my friend this business brings in income, which means that I will be able to establish my own business. However, the more “role models”, the greater the level of competition and the less opportunity to dictate their prices. In a mass business, approximate prices are already set, and in order to increase their competitiveness, a newcomer has to set prices below market prices in order to attract customers - which, of course, does not contribute to making big profits.

Potentially high-margin ideas now are those proposals that help the entrepreneur to occupy a free market niche - that is, to offer something that other businessmen have not yet thought of. To find an original business idea, sometimes it is enough to look around and think about what consumers in a certain area lack. So, a successful idea was the production of mops that allow you to wring out a rag without getting your hands wet, or special lamps that cannot be dismantled without the use of special tools - this know-how has significantly reduced the number of light bulb thefts in porches.

Often, original ideas do not even need to be generated on your own - you can use novelties that are successfully implemented in other countries or cities, but have not yet occupied the corresponding market niche in your region. Following this path, you will be the first to offer this know-how to consumers in your region or country, which means you will be able to set prices for this product (service).

However, originality alone is not enough for a successful business idea. There are two objective prerequisites for a business to be successful:

1. - potential buyer feels the need for your product or at least understands its usefulness (for example, a person may not yet know about a certain medicine, but he realizes that something similar can cure his illness);
2. - the buyer is ready to pay for your product or service) exactly the price that you plan to ask (for example, almost everyone wants to buy a car - however, as we know, not everyone can afford a car).

And one more thing about innovative business ideas - too much originality can only hurt your profits, because the potential audience may simply not be ready for your proposal (most consumers are conservative by nature and have difficulty changing their habits). The least risky option is to stick to the golden mean - that is, to bring already familiar goods or services to the market, but in an improved form.

• How do you know if a given business idea is right for you?

Even a potentially successful business idea may not turn out to be successful in practice if it does not suit a particular entrepreneur. So, opening a beauty salon is relatively easy - but if you do not understand the intricacies of the salon business, then your brainchild is unlikely to bring you good profit. A business idea must necessarily be supported by the experience of the entrepreneur, his knowledge and, of course, opportunities. What indicators indicate that your project will be within your power?

1. - Professionalism. You can have a specialized education in your chosen field, or you can just as well be self-taught. The main thing is that you have an understanding of the production process and other necessary knowledge in the chosen area.
2. - Enthusiasm. You should like what you are going to do and offer. Moreover, you should like not only the final product, but also the process itself, because you will not be able to give all your strength to an unloved business, which means it will be difficult to bring it to a good level. Remember the famous proverb: "find a job that you like - and you will not have to work a single day in your life."
3. - Personal features. If you are a closed and uncommunicative person, you feel uncomfortable in the company of other people, then it will be difficult for you to negotiate. And if, for example, you are a staunch vegetarian, then there is no point in considering the trade in semi-finished meat products - even if this business can bring good profit, you will still be uncomfortable doing it.
4. - What you have (land, real estate, equipment, etc.). Starting a production will be much less expensive if you already have suitable equipment. And if you inherited, say, private house close to the road, then this is a good opportunity to profit from roadside trading, because your competitors, if any, do not have such good location, and this advantage can overcome even your inexperience.

Competition: how to become special:

As mentioned above, for the application of their entrepreneurial efforts, it is best to choose those areas where competition is not serious or does not exist at all. However, in most cases, entrepreneurs one way or another have to face competitors, and businessmen face the question - how to stand out from their background? You can do this through the following benefits:

Competitive advantages

When making yourself known to potential consumers, try to immediately draw their attention to the advantages that distinguish your offer from similar ones, so that buyers see that it is you who can satisfy their needs in the best possible way. Do not hesitate to stick out your merits and do not rely on the ingenuity of consumers - they are unlikely to guess why your product (service) differs from the product (service) of your competitors in better side. For example, if the recipe for the bread you bake involves enriching the product with vitamins and other useful substances, then be sure to convey this fact to your future buyers. You should not position your bread simply as a tasty and fresh product, because your competitors have exactly the same bread - hardly anyone will sell tasteless and expired goods. But vitamins are your competitive advantage, and the buyer must definitely know about it, so advertising must be thought out accordingly.

So, we have analyzed some of the nuances of preliminary preparation for writing a business plan, and now we can pay close attention to this particular document and its main sections.

1. Title page.

The title page is the "face" of your business plan. It is he who is primarily seen by your potential investors or bank employees who decide to issue you a loan for business development. Therefore, it should be clearly structured and contain all the key information about your project:

1. - Name of the project (for example, "Production of self-squeezing mops" or "Creation and development of a commercial Internet radio station called "XXX");
2. - The organizational and legal form of the project and the name of the legal entity (if there are several such entities, then a list indicating areas of responsibility is required);
3. - Author and co-authors of the project
4. - Annotation to the project (for example " this document is a step-by-step plan for founding and developing a commercial radio station…”);
5. - Project cost (required start-up capital)
6. - Place and year of creation ("Perm, 2016").

2. Summary.

This item is short description the idea of ​​the project, the timing of its implementation, the main goals and objectives for the realization of the idea, the expected turnover and production volumes. forecast of key indicators - the profitability of the project, its payback period, the size of the initial investment, sales volume, net profit, etc.

Despite the fact that the summary is the first section of the business plan, it is drawn up after this document has already been completely written and rechecked, since the summary covers all other sections of the BP. The summary should be concise and extremely logical and fully disclose all the advantages of the project, so that investors or a potential lender can see that this business idea is really worth investing in.

3. Market analytics

The section reflects the state of the market sector in which the project will be implemented, an assessment of the level of competition, characteristics of the target audience and industry development trends. It is very important that market analysis is carried out on the basis of a qualitative marketing research, containing real indicators (falsified or inaccurate analysis reduces the value of a business plan to almost zero). If an entrepreneur is not competent enough in the chosen area, then in order to avoid inaccuracies and mistakes, he should outsource marketing research by ordering it from a trusted marketing agency.

This section usually takes up at least 10% of the total business plan. An example plan is:

1. - general description the selected industry (dynamics, trends and development prospects - with specific mathematical indicators);
2. - Characteristics of the main market players (that is, direct and indirect competitors), an indication of the competitive advantages and features of your business project compared to other entities;
3. - Characteristics of the target audience (geographical location, age level, gender, income level, type of consumer and user behavior, etc.). Creation of a portrait of a “typical client” indicating the main motives and values ​​that guide him when choosing a product (service), pessimistic forecasting (that is, a minimum flow) of consumers of a product (service);
4. - Overview of the most effective channels and ways to promote goods (services);
5. - Review and identification of the most likely risks that an entrepreneur may face in this market segment and offer ways to eliminate or minimize them (it must be remembered that risks are external circumstances and factors that do not depend on the entrepreneur);
6. - Forecast of possible changes in this market segment, as well as an overview of factors that may affect the profitability of the project.

4. Characteristics of goods (services) and their implementation

This paragraph describes in detail those goods that the entrepreneur is going to produce, or the services that he is going to sell. Particular attention should be paid to the competitive advantages of a business idea, that is, what will distinguish this proposal from the general variety. However, you should not be silent about the shortcomings and weaknesses of the idea, if any - it is better to play fair with investors and creditors, besides, they can analyze this item on their own, and in the case of a one-sided description, you risk losing their trust, and along with it - and hope for financial investments in your idea.

The presence of a patent will make the described idea particularly attractive - if an entrepreneur offers any know-how and has already managed to patent it, then this fact must be reflected in the document. A patent is both a competitive advantage and a reason to be more likely to receive loans or investments.

The chapter must include:

1. - a brief description of the idea;
2. - ways of its implementation;
3. - description life cycle product (service);
4. - percentage of secondary purchases;
5. - the possibility of creating additional product lines or service options, the possibility of segmenting the proposed product;
6. - the proposed modification of the offer in accordance with changes in the market situation and factors affecting profits.

5. Ways to promote business (marketing and strategic plans)

In this chapter, the entrepreneur describes exactly how he is going to inform the potential consumer about his product and how he will promote this product. Here are reflected:

6. Description of the production process

The production plan is a detailed description of the complete algorithm for the production of a product from its being in a raw state to the moment when the finished product is on the shop windows. This plan includes:

1. - a description of the required raw materials and the basic requirements for them, as well as the suppliers from whom you plan to purchase these raw materials;
2. - reception, processing and pre-production preparation of raw materials;
3. - actually technological process;
4. - output of the finished product;
5. - the procedure for testing the finished product, its packaging and transfer to the warehouse and subsequent delivery to the buyer.

In addition to the actual description of the production process, this chapter should also reflect:

1. - characteristics of the equipment used, as well as the premises where the production process will be carried out - indicating all the necessary standards and requirements;
2. - list of main partners;
3. - the need to attract resources and borrowed funds;
4. - calendar business development plan - from the start of production to the time when the funds invested in the project begin to pay off.

7. Structure of the enterprise. Personnel and management.

This chapter describes internal circuit the functioning of the business project, that is, the administrative and organizational plan. The chapter can be roughly divided into the following subsections:

1. - organizational and legal form of the enterprise (LLC, individual entrepreneur, etc.);
2. - the internal structure of the enterprise, the distribution of responsibilities between services, the channels of their interaction (it would be best if this subparagraph is additionally illustrated with appropriate diagrams);
3. - staffing, a list of duties of each employee, his salary, channels and criteria by which personnel will be selected;
4. - a list of measures for the policy in the field of work with personnel (training, training, personnel reserve etc.)
5. - participation in business development events (competitions, conferences, fairs, grants, government programs, etc.).

8. Risk assessment. Ways to minimize risks.

The purpose of this paragraph is a preliminary assessment of possible negative circumstances that will affect the achievement of the desired indicators (business income, client flow, etc.) - the basis for this assessment is, again, market research. The risks are divided into external ones (for example, toughening of competition and the emergence of new strong players in this segment, an increase in rental rates and utility bills, natural disasters and emergencies, changes in tax legislation in the direction of increasing rates, etc.) and internal (what can happen directly within the enterprise - equipment breakdowns, unscrupulous employees, etc.).

If an entrepreneur has information in advance about what exactly he should be afraid of on the way to implementing and promoting his project, then he can think in advance about the ways in which he will neutralize and minimize negative factors. For each risk, a number of alternative strategies should be proposed (a kind of table of measures taken in case of emergency). Risks should not be hidden from investors or creditors.

Special attention should be paid to such a form of protection as insurance against various risks. If an entrepreneur plans to insure his business, then this must be mentioned - indicating the chosen insurance company, the amount of insurance premiums and other details related to the case.

9. Forecasting financial flows

Perhaps the most responsible chapter of the business plan. Because of its importance, its writing should be entrusted to professionals if the entrepreneur himself does not have a financial and economic education. So, many startups who have creative ideas, but do not have sufficient financial literacy, in this case resort to the services of investment companies, which later put their certification visa on the business plan - this is a kind of guarantee of the reliability of calculations and will give the business plan additional weight. in the eyes of investors and creditors.

The financial plan of any business project includes:

1. - balance of the enterprise;
2. - calculation of expenses (fund wages employees, production costs, etc.);
3. - profit and loss statement, as well as cash flow;
4. - the amount of necessary external investments;
5. - calculation of profit and profitability.

The profitability of the project is a key indicator that has a decisive influence on the decision of investors about investing in this business. Calculations on this topic cover the period from the introduction of start-up capital and third-party investments into the project until the moment when the project can be considered break-even and begins to generate net profit.

When calculating profitability, the basic formula R = D * Zconst / (D - Z) is usually used, where R is the profitability threshold in monetary terms, D is income, Z is variable costs, and Zconst is fixed costs. However, for long-term calculations, one should also include in the calculation formula such indicators as the inflation rate, renovation costs, deductions to the investment fund, an increase in the wages of employees of the enterprise, etc. Again, it is advisable to use the Gantt chart as a visualization method, according to which it is convenient to track the level of growing income and reaching the break-even point.

10. Regulatory framework

It indicates all the documents that are necessary for the legal support of the business - certificates and licenses for goods, permission for certain types of activities, acts, permits, etc. - with a description of the conditions and terms of their receipt, as well as the cost. If any documents are already in the hands of the entrepreneur, this must be indicated, and this fact will also become an advantage in the eyes of investors.

11.Applications

At the end of the business plan, the entrepreneur provides all calculations, diagrams, graphs and other auxiliary materials, which were used to make financial forecasts, market analysis, etc., as well as all materials that visualize the points of the business plan and facilitate its perception.

“The main mistakes when drawing up a business plan”

At the end of the article, I would like to say a few words about the most common mistakes that inexperienced entrepreneurs make when drawing up business plans. So, what should you avoid if you do not want to scare potential investors away from your project?

Excessive bloat and volume. A business plan is not Homework, where the large size of the written increases the chances of good mark. The approximate volume of a business plan is usually 70-100 sheets.

Difficulties of presentation. If an investor reading your plan can't figure out your idea after reading two or three pages, then there's a good chance they'll put BP aside.

Lack of necessary explanations. Remember that an investor is not required to understand the area of ​​the market in which you offer him to invest money (and in most cases he really does not understand it, otherwise he would have already launched an independent business). Therefore, you need to succinctly introduce the reader to the main details.

Streamlined phrases-characteristics ("huge market", "great prospects", etc.). Remember: only accurate and verified information and forecasts.

Providing approximate, unverified or knowingly false financial indicators. We have already focused on this topic above, therefore - without comments.

What is a business plan for? Most, probably, will answer - to get a loan from a bank. This statement is true, but only partly. First of all, the entrepreneur himself needs a plan in order to understand the size of the initial investment for a start, how long it will take to reach self-sufficiency and forecast revenue indicators, to assess the level of profitability, the payback period of investments and many other parameters.

Very often, a novice businessman (and not only a beginner) does all the planning and calculations “by eye” on a napkin or in his head (and sometimes he doesn’t do it at all), forgetting about many costly items, which results in many mistakes and leads to bankruptcy.

Typical mistakes: when determining investments, the costs of financing activities until reaching self-sufficiency are not taken into account, the amount of commodity stocks is incorrectly determined (the size of inventory and materials for one month is laid down, and based on the turnover period, stocks for 3 months are needed), taxes and insurance deductions are not taken into account in the calculation of the wage fund , the need for personnel is incorrectly calculated, and many others.

A correctly drawn up business plan with detailed calculations is the key to a successful start in any business activity, which will allow you to cut off unprofitable options at the forecasting stage and, as a result, protect yourself from losing your own investments or investor (creditor) funds.

Let's say you plan to install, the calculation shows that the full payback will be 5 years, it is obvious that this will not be the right investment, it is unlikely that the machine will work without breakdowns for such a period of time. (For reference: the optimal payback for this type of activity is 12-18 months.)

And what is better - to buy a ready-made business plan or to make it yourself? If we are talking about a small business, then you definitely need to do it yourself. This will allow you to dive deeper into the project, understand its essence, and sort out for yourself the economics of future activities. Well, if you want to organize a production that requires multibillion-dollar investments, then you cannot do without the help of specialists.

On the site you will find samples ready business-models with all the calculations that you can use as a basis for preparing a feasibility study for your specific project.

Action algorithm

1. Acquaintance with the given sample of the feasibility study.
2. Collection of statistical data for a specific region where business activities will be carried out.
3. Conducting marketing research: identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the project ().
4. Updating information on the economic part: search for potential and raw materials, request commercial offers, recalculation of the cost and determination of the final price based on the current market realities, as well as determining the level of profitability.
5. Carrying out a stress test of the figures reflected in the calculation (what will be the payback if the revenue is N percent less than planned). Based on the data obtained, the compilation of several options for the development of the event: conservative, realistic and optimal.
6. implementation of economic activities.
7. Choosing the most profitable one (studying legal schemes to reduce the tax burden).

Based on the analysis and generalization of the information received, make up your own economic justification project with the help of which you can determine the feasibility of investing money.

Please note that you can download any business plan you like for free. If there is no download form somewhere, you can ask a question through a special form, and within a short time we will add this feature. Through this form, you can also clarify any point regarding the described model, and we will try to find a specialist to provide competent advice on the moment you are interested in.

The foundation of any business is a business plan. It helps to avoid many mistakes in the creation and development of the company, allows you to convince investors of the feasibility of investing money, and assists in obtaining the necessary loans in banking institutions.

Such a document contains detailed calculations of the profitability of the future organization, the payback period of the project, the risks to which the company is exposed.

You can write a business plan yourself, spending time and money. However, most modern entrepreneurs prefer to use ready-made financial products containing high-quality and useful information. Why?

Main features of a business plan

This document is the most important tool for the company, allowing you to choose promising directions and decide how to implement them. This is an execution and control guide to help you manage your case. A well thought out financial solution detailed calculations performs several functions:

• strategic. It is used to develop business strategy. This is a key function in organizing an enterprise or in determining new directions for a company;
• investment. It is used to raise money. It is extremely difficult for modern firms to manage without credit resources. Therefore, this function allows you to determine the optimal sources of funds, find potential investors;
• planning. It is used to give a comprehensive assessment of the development of the enterprise being created, as well as to manage internal processes or a new direction of activity.

As a result, the business plan provides an opportunity for analysis, positioning, comprehensive assessment and control of the future activities of the company, the implementation of marketing courses, and the development of a personnel policy.

What are the advantages of ready-made documents? What is the benefit of buying a business plan from a company that develops and draws up business plans for different lines of business?

Advantages

Business plan - business card organizations. Using the work performed by qualified professionals turnkey solution, future businessman saves time and cash, which would have to be spent on independently carrying out the activities, analyzes and calculations necessary to compile this document.

Moreover, such a study is not a guarantee of a successful start of the project. Among the advantages of using a full-fledged financial solution made by professionals, it is worth noting:

• time saving. Having a ready document in hand, an entrepreneur can get a clear idea of ​​​​the steps that need to be taken to achieve the goal. Thanks to the purchase of a ready-made business plan, you can overcome all the difficulties of a business with the support of professionals;
• effective means of persuasion. For sponsors and investors, this document is the main evidence of the viability of the idea of ​​the organized business, the potential of the enterprise to achieve a certain amount of income;
• competitor research. A well-written document will help evaluate competing companies, identify their strengths and weaknesses, determine a free niche that at this point in time can be occupied and firmly held, winning the favor of a potential audience;
• direction of travel. An effective and high-quality financial solution will help the company not only at the initial stage. With the right approach, it will allow the organization to constantly maintain the planned direction, making the necessary adjustments.

High-quality business plans are prepared by an experienced team of specialists with rich experience in a wide variety of fields. All materials are adapted for use in the Russian economy in the current environment.

The documents contain all the necessary calculations: the calculation of payback, economic efficiency, profitability and other equally significant indicators. Applications designed in tabular form will help you independently determine the required values. For example, to calculate the need for money for the purchase of specialized equipment until the period of time when these costs begin to pay off.

Features of use

Ready business plan- not only the opportunity to find an idea with calculations and recommendations for a wide variety of areas, but also advice on the main aspects of starting a business.

In this case, we are talking about the most popular questions start-up entrepreneurs. What form of ownership to choose for the organization. What to look for when hiring professionals. What system of taxation to give preference.

Today, many specialized organizations offer to purchase full-fledged ready-made business plans. Moreover, the prices vary widely. How to choose a supplier of such a solution?

In this case, it is necessary that the proposed business plan contains not only general information, but also detailed calculations for all the main activities of the future enterprise. Competent suppliers of ready-made business plans calculate such expenses as, for example, the cost of social contributions for employees, tax optimization, transfer of taxes and fees to the state.

The more complete the business plan is, the more effective and efficient the activity of the future entrepreneur will be. Don't skimp on this document. After all, he is the main assistant in conducting market analysis.

It is he who summarizes the analysis of opportunities for starting or expanding a business in modern conditions, contains a structured description of all activities of the future company.

By purchasing a business plan, an entrepreneur receives not only a comprehensive analysis of the main problems that he may encounter when organizing his activities, but also ways to solve them. The benefit of using the finished document is obvious!

Where to download a ready-made business plan with calculations

You can choose the solution that suits you among a large number of destinations offered by our partner Biplan (

Business plan for small business: 4 main sections of the document + 2 specific examples of business plans.

small business business plan- the document that is the basis of any business.

It performs several important functions:

• helps to structure information;
• allows you to see "holes" in planning and identify risks;
• serves as a presentation for banks or potential investors;
• becomes a step-by-step guide for the entrepreneur.

Do you have a desire to create own business, but you can’t plan and execute the idea properly?

In this article, you will see an overview of the main sections of a standard small business business plan. Use the above structure as a template.

For a better understanding of the material, below are 2 ready-made business plans for implementation various ideas for small business.

Do not put off the implementation of the idea for the mythical “later”: in 90% of cases, the “good moment” never comes.

Grab a piece of paper and a pen and start sketching out your plan right now.

What is a small business?

Small business is one of the varieties of entrepreneurship.

This format provides that the number of employees will not exceed 100 people, and the annual revenue will not exceed 800 million rubles.

For a novice entrepreneur without a serious material (financial) base and experience, opening a small business is the only way to “get on their feet”.

A feature of this format is a quick payback + comparative simplicity in the implementation of the organizational plan.

The implementation of any idea requires a clear plan with accurate calculations.

A business plan is a "guide" for an entrepreneur, in which it is necessary to describe each stage of the process of translating your idea into reality.

Small Business Business Plan Structure

So, it is important to follow generally accepted standards when compiling this document.

The point is not at all that there are strict legislative standards for, without compliance with which it will be considered invalid.

But why invent a wheel when you can take into account the many years of experience of others in the small business industry and come up with a general form of a document?

Section 1: Small Business Summary

The summary of the business plan is a brief but informative description of the products produced + the timing of the implementation of the small business project and the definition of its financial feasibility.

The main purpose of the resume is to demonstrate the concept of a product (service).

• Ceiling height from 3 meters + special moisture-resistant coating.
• The floor is concrete or covered with moisture-resistant durable tiles. If the conditions are not as specified, rubber plates must be used (especially in the storage area).
• They provide a constant circulation of air, since fermentation processes are accompanied by the release of harmful substances.
• Wiring must support three phases - 380 V.
• The sewer system is provided with sufficiently voluminous outlet channels - to drain a large amount of liquid.
• Water supply is a must. If funds and the location of the brewery allow, it is possible to supply the production with water from its own well.

List of necessary equipment for a private brewery

Staff

Starting investment

Monthly investment

Payback periods

With a stable production of 100 liters of beer per day, you can count on earning 200,000 rubles per month (80,000 net profit per month).

Payback will be from 19 months.

Only the entrepreneur who puts his whole soul into the production of beer will be able to achieve high quality products.

The payback of the enterprise directly depends on the quality of the products sold, since the cost of beer is quite high + this drink is very popular in Russia.

For an aspiring entrepreneur who wants to start his own business, beer production is one of the current options.

To achieve top positions in the market, you will have to go a long way, because there is no such activity that would generate income without any effort.

Small business business plan: "Exit car service"

Ignore the growing number of cars on the Russian roads difficult.

If you doubt the profitability and feasibility of opening a project, evaluate the following fact: the number of cars is growing on a par with the average age of vehicles.

Just pay attention to the percentage of cars that are over 7 years old!

Car park Russian Federation("Age section of the fleet"):

In this state of affairs, the situation when the car broke down on the road is not uncommon.

In this case, the qualified assistance of an auto mechanic is necessary.

Where there is a need for people, there is an opportunity to benefit the entrepreneur.

The purpose of such a small business, the idea of ​​which is considered in our business plan, is to provide repair services not in a specific service station, but “on the road”.

The scheme of work is as follows: the secretary receives the client's call, transmits information about the type of breakdown to the mechanics. Those, in turn, go to the scene.

The cost of services in the field is much higher.

This factor also affects the profitability of the enterprise.

Room for an exit car service

To open such a car service, you will need 2 rooms:

1. Office (about 30 sqm).
2. Garage (with an area of ​​50 sq. m.) for storing tools and repairing a car in emergency situations, as well as accommodating the company's personal vehicle fleet.

Requirements to office space standard:

• electricity;
• stable water supply;
• telecommunications;
• office furniture;
• ventilation system;
• fire safety at the proper level;
• stable heating.

Garage Requirements:

• electricity: 3 phases 380 V;
• water supply;
• concrete floor (or tiled floor);
• ventilation system;
• stable heating;
• high level of fire safety;
• heating;
• wide entrance gates.

Renting two premises will cost approximately 75,000 rubles. monthly.

Mobile car service equipment

Staff

Initial investment in the project

Monthly investment

Depending on the services provided, this type of small business can bring 150,000-300,000 rubles. per month.

Net profit - about 75,000 rubles. per month.

The payback of the enterprise will be from 19 months.

There is one significant nuance: if you can find mechanics who have personal vehicles, from buying cars you can refuse.

In this case, the payback will be reduced to 6 months.

Once again about why you need a business plan for organizing a small business, in the video:

The main thing in entrepreneurship is the desire to think and develop.

Are you ready to strive to become a successful person today?

Or will you wait for the mythical "tomorrow"?

Create your small business business plan and start taking action.

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