We will paint the kitchen board. Let's draw a rose.

We will need:

This is the kitchen board I bought:

It is small, 20x15 cm, made of some dense, non-resinous wood. Well polished, so no pre-treatment is required.

We draw a pencil drawing. Try not to press hard when drawing, because. rubs off badly. Don't worry, the pencil will show through the paint. If you are not sure of your abilities, you can translate the picture you like, I think it is better by pressing along the contours.

We start coloring. After painting, we immediately thoroughly wash the brush, because if the paint on the brush dries, just throw the brush away. Each layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried. You can dry it with a hair dryer, but, in principle, the paints dry quite quickly. First, we apply a general background with a thick brush, dilute the paint with water on the palette. (below in the photo the leaves are shiny, because the paint has not dried)

(We dilute the paint with water only to apply the general background of the picture, then draw with thick paint, only slightly wetting the tip of the brush so that the paint does not spread). Then with a thin brush we draw darker parts of the flower. Lines lead in the direction of the veins of the petals, from the base.

The closer to the base, the darker the shades. In conclusion, apply on the bends of the petals white paint. So the flower will look more voluminous.

On the leaves, first draw the veins - from the stem, from the central vein, then - the teeth on the edges, trying to draw with a thin brush from the edge, rounding to the veins. At the end - apply yellow paint where (in your opinion) the sun glare falls).

If necessary, use a thin brush to additionally draw the contours of the petals with a darker shade.

Now let's draw an ornament with a marker. If there is no marker, you can apply it with a thin brush.

If you have a burning device, you can burn it out. I wanted to do just that, but I didn’t find the burner (I hid it somewhere securely). In general, I like the scorched ornament better, but ... now let's add some volume to the ornament with white paint. Let's paint the perimeter of the board.

To more securely fix the picture, cover everything in 2-3 layers acrylic varnish or acrylic adhesive, which, in my opinion, is the same thing, only in different concentrations.

Acrylic varnish is not poisonous (mind you, I didn't say that).

4. Fixing with acrylic varnish.

Painting materials

The main materials that will be required for acrylic painting on wood are:

Sandpaper to clean the surface of the wood and to give a slight roughness. This is done so that the pattern is applied more accurately and is durable in the future. You will need two types of sandpaper: hard and soft. The tree is cleaned along the fibers.

Brushes for painting on wood

The best brushes for painting on wood are soft brushes of natural origin. Squirrel, core, less often sable are especially valued. However, synthetic brushes are also great for acrylic paints.

Before the process, it is important to determine the appropriate sizes for brushes, which are indicated by numbers. For beginners, it is advised to take one large, two medium and one thin small brush.

It is important to remember that all ancient trade paintings originated in the peasant class, in the hands of people who were much more familiar with the plow and hammer than the brush. And if they can do it, you can too! In traditional paintings, there is no need to draw faces, figures, or observe portrait likeness. The most important thing is to hone the technique of drawing different elements, learn how to freely turn the brush in your hands and mix colors. You need to apply a little patience, drawing the same elements over and over again, and in the end you will learn how to draw them perfectly! A fairly small number of simple basic elements and their combinations - that's all!

And it is important to understand that if recognized masters different types murals could apply it without a preliminary drawing, then we, mere mortals, can not apply the drawing right away with paints, but use a pencil, stencil, carbon paper or tracing paper to start, but not get too carried away. After all, if you constantly resort to ready-made drawings, the ability to fantasize on your own is dulled. Remember, the main thing is to always enjoy the process of painting.

In modern art, wood painting is widely used. acrylic paints, gouache, oil and aniline dyes. In history, wood painting is an ancient folk craft. For many centuries the tree prevailed in everyday life because of its availability and ease of processing. Before people learned how to work metal, all furniture and kitchen utensils, chests, caskets, spinning wheels, not to mention doors, gates, wooden shutters. Along with carpentry and wood carving, special technologies for wood processing and ornamental painting of products developed.

Types of artistic painting

In the middle of the 20th century, types of wood painting from a handicraft art form turned into art ones and they are also studied in schools of fine arts. Different kinds Techniques are characterized by their unique and recognizable ornamentation, which historically developed in step with the times and the evolution of colors and materials.

These days it's enough to use special paints woodworking and purchase wooden products, varnishes and hardeners for crafts. Many modern masters not only bring novelty to the work, but also continue the tradition of painting wooden products.

The first lessons for beginners are to learn the principles of drawing each type. Gorodets painting on wood is characterized by floral ornaments in bright colors, mostly on a yellow background, but nowadays the background in this type of painting is given less attention, since the drawing looks good on a clean wooden texture.

Drawing elements are made in several simple steps, painting with primary colors, shading with darker thin strokes and lightening with white or yellow paint.

Idealized images of birds, animals, in particular black horses, trees are also used. In ancient times, Gorodets painting also depicted the peasant and merchant life of those times. The pictures below show an example.

Khokhloma painting, which exists in mass production to this day, has become calling card Russia. This is not just painting, but a whole technology for the production of wooden products, the processing of which uses drying oil, clay, aluminum powder and varnish. As a result of multi-stage actions, the products first acquire a silver color, they are painted mainly with black and red paints, sometimes leaves are made. in green. At the end of the work, they are varnished, and the silver color becomes gilded. This painting technology came from icon painters.

Elements Khokhloma painting- this is mainly dense vegetation, large flowers, curls, leaves, rowan berries, strawberries, there are decorative birds, roosters, swans, but the main symbol of Khokhloma is the firebird.

Also, this type of painting is divided into two types of technology - top and background. Horse painting involves drawing a picture on the background, and background drawing contours and applying a black or red background.

Mezen painting depicts black and red ornaments, more reminiscent of cave rock art.

Gzhel painting is also not to be confused with other art, with its blue lush flowers on a white background.

In the modern art of wood painting, master artists use various techniques to create a decor style, souvenir sets of dishes. As a gift, hand-painted plates, candy bowls, salad bowls, cutting boards are presented.

Tree preparation

Painting on wood with acrylic paints is a simple task for experienced artists, as the material is expensive, although suitable for working with wood.

To start drawing on wooden surface, you need to take the finished product, which are sold as blanks for decor, clean it with the smallest sandpaper and primed the surface with the appropriate paint, after which you can start drawing.

Some drawings require for beginners to sketch with a simple pencil, which in principle is permissible. Any steps in the application of varnish or paint require complete drying before proceeding. At the end of the work, the product is covered with a transparent varnish to fix the paint.

Video on the topic of the article

Its history goes back to the 2nd century BC. e., when people learned to make iron, and from it various knives, scrapers, saws and other cutting tools.

However, it was not enough just to carve some product out of wood, a person wanted the result of his work to look beautiful. This is how ancient wood paintings appeared, primitive and far from artistic, but the birth of art took place. In those distant times, paints already existed, it remained to apply them properly.

Art painting on wood

The folk crafts that exist today for the manufacture of household items are based on a variety of techniques. Wooden crafts are presented in several categories: first of all, these are dishes and kitchen utensils. The second list includes objects that embody the fine arts. These are painted panels, interior decorations, various household items. And finally, the third category - wooden furniture vintage style, painted in a special way antique. Art painting on wood as such is used in all three cases. The value of products is undeniable, because professionals work on them.

Varieties

There are several types of wood paintings and differ in belonging to a particular region, as well as in style. The drawing can be plot or ornamental.

Types of painting on wood:

• Mezenskaya;
• Polkhovskaya;
• Khokhloma;
• Gorodetskaya;
• Palekh;
• Severodvinskaya;
• Petrikovskaya.

The main types of painting on wood are listed. Each variety contains "branded" features that give the product an additional appeal.

Mezen painting

Mezen painting (or, as it is also called, palashchelskaya) is the coloring of household items: ladles, boxes, spinning wheels, benches and kitchen tables. These artistic traditions appeared in the lower reaches of the Mezen River around 1815.

Mezen painting consists mainly of ornamented images of forest dwellers: deer and elks, wolverines, foxes and cubs. All images are impersonal and bear the stamp of static. The friezes, composed of repetitive figures painted in bright colors, give the impression of festivity and defiant luxury, since the colorful stripes of ornaments do not fit in with the wretched furnishings of the Russian dwelling. A primitive spinning wheel, painted in the Mezen style and sparkling with colors in a dark corner, only emphasized the desolation of the upper room.

Palekh

Palekh painting is a folk art craft that appeared in pre-Petrine times. At that time, the village of Palekh in the Ivanovo province was famous for its icon painters. This art reached its peak at the end of the 18th century. Paleshians, in addition to painting icons, were engaged in the restoration of cathedrals and churches, took part in the design of the aisles of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra and the Novodevichy Convent.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, the craft of Palekh painting flourished, the revolutionary storms of 1905 and 1917 almost destroyed the delicate folk art. Since after the 17th year all churches were abolished by ignorant representatives of the communist authorities, there was nothing to paint, and Poleshan artists created an artel that produces artistic wood products.

Soon, the first work in the Palekh style was created in the Moscow workshop. On a wooden box covered with black lacquer, Ivan Tsarevich, who has left the royal chambers to freedom, meets the Firebird. The whole picture was painted in gold and cinnabar - it was impossible to take your eyes off the drawing.

Currently, Palekh wood painting is a deeply traditional art, with the only difference being that natural wood changed to papier-mâché. Now products with Palekh painting are not only beautiful, but also light.

Khokhloma

Old folk craft developed in the villages Nizhny Novgorod province in the 17th century. The village of Khokhloma became the center, in which the Old Believers, persecuted for their faith, gathered. Among the settlers there were many icon painters who brought with them the fine art of painting, calligraphic writing and many examples of floral ornaments.

Local residents living in Khokhloma and nearby villages knew how to turn wood, but they did not know how to draw. So it turned out that the wooden utensils, carved on the spot, were painted by alien artists. This is how the art of Khokhloma painting appeared, which turned into one of the most famous art crafts in Russia.

Wood carvers not only carved dishes and plates, they soon learned how to carve spoons and ladles, the classic "brothers". Usually the bucket was made in the shape of a swan, and a dozen scoops were hung on the sides. The material was linden wood, which by its nature has no fibers and is easily cut in all directions.

Khokhloma painting consists of four primary colors: black, gold, red and green. Black and gold are used as the background, while red and green, together with their hues, make up the drawing itself. The theme for a drawing in the style of Khokhloma is most often rowan berries, strawberries, various flowers and herbal plants. Sometimes the artist uses images of birds, fish and small animals.

Carving and drawing

Russian folk crafts (such as Gorodets or Khokhloma) are wood products covered with a pattern. First, master cabinetmakers make blanks from selected wood, the so-called "linen", and then the artists cover them with a pattern. Carving and painting on wood are inseparable in this case - they complement each other. The most common type of painted blank is the Russian matryoshka. For its manufacture, the turning method of carving is used, when the product is turned, polished and then signed. This souvenir is known all over the world and is used in high demand for many years.

Is it possible to learn painting on wood?

Folk art crafts belong to the fine arts and require some training, but anyone who has patience and perseverance can master the basic principles of coloring products. Exist special techniques, which are called "Wood Painting for Beginners", which includes an introduction to the process and practical work. Initially, classes are generalized, and after acquiring skills, you can move on to a specific art style, for example, Gorodets. In any case, painting on wood is a fascinating creative process for beginners.

Coloring methods

Natural wood is a material that requires careful pre-treatment. The surface for painting should be smooth, without peeling and cracks. The workpiece is first polished with an emery cloth, and then covered with a special primer, which fills all the microscopic cracks and evens out small irregularities. Larger defects can be eliminated with putty. After pre-treatment, the workpiece must be dried well.

Wooden folk crafts are distinguished by bright, intense colors. The drawings usually contrast with the background, which is black or bright red. For coloring products, tempera or artistic gouache paints are used, which have good hiding power. Gives the most consistent results acrylic painting on wood, especially if the pattern is covered with a transparent nitro-lacquer on top. Products after such processing become resistant to abrasion and do not change their color.

Painting on wood (photo finished products presented on the page) is a variety visual arts, which is rooted in the distant past, but lives and thrives in the present.

Publications in the Traditions section

Riddles of patterns of Russian paintings

Have Gzhel dishes always been blue and white, what traditional painting was born after the October Revolution and why do the painted boxes glow? We understand the secrets of folk art crafts.

Golden bowls. Khokhloma painting

Golden bowls. Khokhloma painting

Golden bowls. Khokhloma painting

The master began work by beating bucks - he cooked wooden bars(baklushi) from linden, aspen or birch. They made wooden spoons and ladles, cups and salt shakers from them. The dishes not yet decorated with painting were called linen. The linen was primed and dried several times, and then painted in yellow, red and black tones. Popular motifs were floral ornaments, flowers, berries, lacy twigs. Forest birds on Khokhloma dishes reminded the peasants of the Firebird from Russian fairy tales, they said: “The Firebird flew past the house and touched the bowl with its wing, and the bowl became golden”.

After drawing the pattern, the products were covered with drying oil two or three times, tin or aluminum powder was rubbed into the surface and dried in an oven. After hardening with heat, they acquired a honey hue and really shone like gold.

At the beginning of the 18th century, dishes began to be brought to the Makariev Fair, where sellers and buyers from all over Russia gathered. Khokhloma products were known throughout the country. Since the 19th century, when guests from all over Europe and Asia began to come to the Nizhny Novgorod fair, painted dishes appeared in many parts of the world. Russian merchants sold products in India and Turkey.

Snowy background and blue patterns. gzhel

Snowy background and blue patterns. Gzhel. Photo: rusnardom.ru

Snowy background and blue patterns. Gzhel. Photo: gzhel-spb.ru

Snowy background and blue patterns. Gzhel. Photo: Sergey Lavrentiev / Photobank Lori

Gzhel clay has been known since the time of Ivan Kalita - from the 14th century. Local craftsmen used it to create "vessels for apothecary's needs", dishes and children's toys. AT early XIX centuries, factories appeared in the Gzhel volost, where porcelain was made. The first enterprise here was founded in 1810 by the merchant Pavel Kulichkov. At first, painting on porcelain dishes was colored, but in the middle of the 19th century, the fashion for white and blue Dutch tiles and Chinese porcelain of the same shades came to Russia. Soon, blue patterns on a snowy background became a hallmark of Gzhel painting.

To check the quality of porcelain, before painting, the product was dipped in fuchsin - red aniline paint. Porcelain was painted in smooth pink color, and any crack was noticeable on it. Masters painted with cobalt paint - before firing it looks black. With the help of special techniques, working only with a brush and paint, the artists created more than 20 shades of blue.

Gzhel stories are lush roses(they were called "agashki" here), winter landscapes, scenes from folk tales. Children go sledding, Emelya catches a pike in the pond, the villagers celebrate Maslenitsa ... After drawing the picture, the dishes were covered with glaze and fired. Pink products with black patterns acquired their traditional look.

Luminous brooches and jewelry boxes. Fedoskino lacquer miniature

Luminous brooches and jewelry boxes. Fedoskino lacquer miniature

Luminous brooches and jewelry boxes. Fedoskino lacquer miniature

“When we organized the artel, we had only one collection of Pushkin’s works for seven people ... This largely explains the fact that we wrote most of our miniatures on Pushkin’s stories.”

Alexander Kotukhin, miniaturist

In 1932, Palekh artists met with Maxim Gorky, who called the Palekh lacquer miniature "one of the miracles created October Revolution» . At his request, Ivan Golikov drew miniatures for the deluxe edition