How to insulate an interior wall in an apartment. How to insulate a wall from the inside: step by step instructions

Every year, utility bills are growing, especially for heating and electricity, and the rooms are still cold, even when the batteries are hot. Best and effective solution problems of heat conservation is the insulation of the walls of apartments from the outside or from the inside of the room.

Insulation from the outside in practice can be difficult to implement if:

• the facade of the building has an expensive finish;
• the apartment is adjacent to unheated technical rooms;
• the building you live in is a listed building and there is no way to obtain a work permit;
• the house is multi-storey, the insulation of the wall of one apartment spoils the design of the facade of the entire building;
• insulation must be carried out by the entire riser, but this is not always realistic due to the financial capabilities of individual residents;
• attracting construction organizations requires significant cash injections.

To preserve heat, it is necessary to take care of the tightness of the doorway and. A simple way to create a comfortable microclimate in the apartment: in summer heat the desired coolness, and in the winter cold it is warm - this is the insulation of the walls of the apartment rooms from the inside. Find out how to choose the right insulation in large assortment offered products.

The work of thermal insulation of apartments from the inside is complex and time-consuming. Experts do not have a common opinion and recommendations on wall insulation, although there are many developments and proposals, but they are the same in one thing - for a good result, you need to purchase high-quality material and properly prepare the wall surface.

When choosing a heater, it is necessary to take into account the following properties:

• low thermal conductivity;
• minimal hygroscopicity (moisture absorption);
• good sound insulation;
• mechanical strength and durability;
• does not support combustion and prevents the spread of fire;
• light weight and easy to install.

Coming to the market or to the building materials store, it is difficult to choose necessary insulation in a wide variety of products. Consider some of the most used thermal insulation materials. Producers: and others.

Inorganic type insulation

The material for the production of this type of heat insulators are minerals: sand, glass, asbestos, various rocks.

• Wall surface preparation. The walls need to be level. If the new building and the wall are brick, it is necessary; if it is concrete, it is enough to level with putty. If we decide to insulate the walls of the apartment in which we live, it is necessary to clean them of wallpaper, paint, remove nails, dowels from the surface, and cover the chips and recesses with alabaster, if there are protruding irregularities, beat them off. In the presence of fungus or mold, we clean with an emery cloth, and wash and dry the walls, putty the surface, if there are significant irregularities, we plaster.
• Preparing the work site. When preparing the wall, remove the plinth and flooring, a baguette so that nothing prevents installation foam boards. We prime a dry wall with a brush or spray, you can use an antifungal primer. Experts recommend laying between the PPS slabs and the wall waterproofing material then moisture will not get on the insulation.
• Foam padding. After complete leveling and drying of the wall surface, we begin to lay the foam, starting from the corner, from the floor. We press the insulation tightly to the surface and drill a hole exactly in the center with a 5 cm recess into the wall, drive in the fasteners - an umbrella, and then a dowel so that the cap does not protrude on the surface of the sheet. Carefully fix the foam plate in 5-6 places. And so each sheet is carefully pressed against the wall and against each other, we provide a tight and monolithic fastening. If there are gaps, they can be removed. mounting foam.
  Now more and more often glue is used to fix the foam, which is applied to the wall with a comb.
• We seal the seams between the foam sheets. We apply glue to all the seams, and put a reinforced tape on top, so that it becomes one with the surface of the foam and does not appear in the form of bumps and folds. To obtain the desired effect, we stretch it and press it against the foam with a spatula and press it into the adhesive mixture. We also coat the caps of the fastening elements with glue. It is impossible for gaps to remain, they become “cold bridges” and nullify all the work.
• We lay the vapor barrier material. After the surface at the seams becomes dry, it is necessary to cover the insulation with a special material. To do this, we apply a mesh (film) over the foam plastic, which protects it from moisture coming from inside the room. On top of the seams covered with a reinforced mesh, we apply glue along its width and apply a vapor barrier material, with a spatula we sink it into the glue, and so on, each row with a slight overlap. After the wall is covered with a grid, we smooth out the irregularities using sandpaper or a special grinding tool.
• Outcome. Before us flat wall which can be decorated as you wish.

Warming the walls of the apartment with underfloor heating mats

This method of insulation is used extremely rarely and can easily be called experimental. If the walls are very cold, this is a great option to keep and increase the heat in the room, although the cost of electricity increases.
The work is carried out in several stages:

• we attach a ready-to-use mat to the wall

  Modern construction is developing at lightning speed. It is difficult to follow the new creative innovations in the technology of interior insulation from the inside. What was progressive yesterday seems time-consuming, complex and of lesser quality today. This applies to the insulation of apartments by the method warm plaster, relatively recently this method was very popular. It is worth mentioning this option, maybe someone, due to certain circumstances, will be interested in it. The whole point is a layer of 100 mm, so that it holds, we do the work in three stages:

  1. Liquid plaster is "sprayed" on the wall with a layer of 10 mm thick, filling all the cracks, recesses, surface cracks.
  2. After the first layer has dried, apply the main 60 mm and also dry thoroughly.
  3. Finishing layer - 5 mm thick grout.

  The process is laborious, it takes a lot of effort and time to dry each layer, professional skills are needed in order to get the job done.

  We provide effective ventilation of the room insulated from the inside

  Proper ventilation is essential for the health of both the home and the occupants. Insulation of an apartment often leads to a violation of certain ventilation conditions of the apartment. That is, it is important to ensure the temperature, humidity, speed of air flow. If the balance is disturbed, then on the walls, and due to lack of oxygen, the tenants will suffer from headaches and weakness.

  Natural ventilation has a number of disadvantages: heat loss in winter time, in summer it is impossible to carry out normal air conditioning, noise, dust. To create an optimal microclimate, forced ventilation is required using duct fans. Their start can be blocked with the inclusion of lighting. It is necessary to open all ventilation grilles for better air exchange.

  Do not interfere with the daily ventilation of the rooms.

  Insulation of apartments is carried out in combination with insulation of the floor (especially the first floor), ceiling or roof (important if the room is located on the top floor), doors, windows.

High heating costs and the unwillingness of the owner of the house to insulate the structure of the building from the outside, force residents to look for other solutions. One of them is the insulation of the apartment from the inside, thereby reducing usable space. We offer a way to insulate an apartment from the inside using insulating boards with glass wool and Multipor mineral boards.

Warming the apartment from the inside - what you need to know

You will learn:

• what factors should be taken into account when designing and implementing thermal insulation inside the dwelling;
• how to properly install thermal insulation from the inside;
• properties and application of insulating boards.

For apartment users, comfort and low heating bills are most important, and therefore, if there is no solution to insulate the building from the outside, the only solution is to insulate the external walls of the apartment from the inside. However, you should be aware that, in accordance with the laws of building physics, insulation from the inside is not entirely optimal solution. When installing insulation on an internal wall, several important factors should be considered:

1. In the case of wall insulation from the inside, it will not help to avoid temperature bridges.
2. outer wall (solid brick walls) on the cold side of the barrier are exposed to moisture, which can cause water to freeze in cracks in the wall.
3. Internal insulation must be carefully thought out and implemented, and installed only in the freezing parts of the wall.

How to insulate an apartment from the inside - step by step instructions

Before proceeding with the thermal insulation of the walls, you must remove all elements, such as wall-mounted radiators, that should not be under the insulation layer. For good thermal insulation and simple and quick installation, for wall insulation, it is better to use sheet glass wool or mineral wool, laid in a frame of profiles and covered with drywall sheets.

In case of internal thermal insulation, windows should also be replaced, (if they require replacement) choosing a model with better insulation parameters.

The first step is to install the wall profiles. The photo shows a finished wall for laying wall heat-insulating boards.

Use vapor barrier layers over the profiles. To avoid problems with fixing drywall in the corner, the main wall is sheathed first, after which the corner frame profile is mounted.

To avoid cooling of the corners, install the insulation perpendicular to the insulated wall.

Leave a margin of vapor barrier in the corner to connect it to the corner frame insulation.

The corner part of the wall should be insulated from 60 to 100 cm in length. In addition, the floor and ceiling must be insulated with a vapor barrier.

Tightly cover the frame of the profile and mineral wool with a vapor barrier, making overlaps on the ceiling, floor and walls. Use double-sided adhesive tape to seal the vapor barrier to the wall and floor.

To insulate a building from the inside, energy-saving mineral wool insulation with a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.030 W/(mx°C) is recommended, which has more than 20% greater insulating power compared to other materials used in construction and intended for use in areas requiring a thin layer isolation.

Wall insulation with Multipor mineral boards

Multipor is a cellular insulating material made from sand, lime and water. It's ecological pure material, prevents the formation of mold, its thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / (mx ° C).

Preparation and isolation of the wall surface

Before starting work, thoroughly clean the surface of the walls from residues old plaster and paints. The floor should be covered with a film and fixed to the wall with electrical tape. A damper tape is laid on the film along the perimeter of the angle between the wall and the floor.

Preparation of the solution for application to the surface of the block

Prepare the solution by adding the appropriate amount of water according to the instructions, and then mix with a mixer until the consistency of thick sour cream.

The finished solution is distributed over the entire surface of the block using a notched trowel.

Fixing the block to the wall

At correct application, the mortar should have a thickness of approximately 8-10 mm over the entire surface of the block.

Carefully press the block against the wall, moving it close to the previous block. Check with a level that the blocks are fixed evenly.

Avoid vertical and horizontal seams flush with the edge of the corner.

Insulate part of the ceiling to avoid thermal bridges

If you have the last floor, then the ceiling should also be insulated. In the event that you have a cold corner, then we warm it 60-100 cm from the corner.

Alignment and finishing of walls

These plates are easy to grind, you can easily remove any irregularities.

Install perforated corners on all slopes using crack protection mesh. Also draw a grid over the entire area of ​​the blocks.

Most of the constructed panel and brick houses did not provide for the insulation of facades. Concrete and brick have high density and low thermal insulation properties. The result is cold walls and uncomfortable temperatures. There are several ways to insulate from the inside, the main thing is to avoid the appearance of dampness.

Dew point - physics of the phenomenon

A cold wall is not the only drawback of panel or brick houses. Often dampness and accompanying fungus and mold appear on it. The best way struggle - wall insulation from the outside (this is also a requirement of SNiP), but this is not always possible. Therefore, you have to fight the cold wall, insulating it from the inside. But there are pitfalls here.

Even if the cold wall was previously dry, then when it is insulated from the inside, dampness may appear. And the so-called dew point will be to blame.

The dew point is a conditional boundary at which the temperature of water vapor becomes equal to the temperature of condensate formation. It manifests itself, naturally, in the cold season. With proper design of the house (taking into account the characteristics of the region), it is approximately in the middle of the thickness of the facade of a material of uniform density.

If insulation is carried out from the outside, then the dew point shifts in the direction of decreasing density (that is, to the outer surface of the wall). When insulating from the inside, it moves inward, and condensate may appear on the surface of the main wall or inside the insulation.

And in order to assess the scale of possible damage, it is enough to say that as a result of the life of one person, about 4 liters of water evaporate per day (cooking, wet cleaning, personal hygiene, laundry, etc.).

Features of cold wall insulation from the inside

There are several ways to prevent condensation on a wall insulated from the inside:

1. Create a layer from thermal insulation material with a vapor permeability lower than that of the facade material.
2. Warming with materials with minimal water absorption.
3. Application of ventilated facade technology (taking into account internal placement).

Liquid thermal insulation

polyurethane foam

PPU insulation meets all requirements for vapor barrier, water absorption and the absence of seams. Therefore, even if there is a dew point inside the layer, it will remain “conditional”, since there is no condensation in vapor-tight materials. It turns out from the side of the room a completely sealed heat-insulating layer.

The environmental friendliness of PPU after curing meets the requirements for residential premises. Harmful fumes are present only when the components are mixed during the spraying process - after polymerization, the structure of the material remains stable.

Thermal insulation is applied between the crate and sewn up with moisture-resistant sheet materials(GKL, OSB or plywood). In fact, it is like a large prefabricated sandwich panel.

The disadvantage of this method is the use of special equipment.

liquid ceramics

This is a relatively young heat-insulating material, the action of which is based on the use of two principles - the creation of a thin layer with high resistance to heat transfer and the reflection of heat towards the radiation source.

Of course, a thin heat-insulating layer cannot provide good thermal insulation - this is an auxiliary, but a mandatory factor. Although it gives a fairly high effect - the wall becomes much "warmer" to the touch.

The main task of reducing heat loss is performed by microscopic ceramic spheres that reflect infrared radiation.

According to the manufacturers, the effect of a 1.5 mm layer can be compared with thermal insulation with 5 cm thick foam plastic or 6.5 cm mineral wool.

Application method is the same as for acrylic paint(basic is the same). After polymerization, a dense and durable film is formed on the surface, and latex additives improve the waterproofing properties.

Roll thermal insulation

Penofol

Penofol is a combination of polyethylene foam with aluminum foil. This is a whole series of materials (including single-sided, double-sided, laminated, with an adhesive layer). Moreover, it can be used both in combination with other heat-insulating materials, and independently. By the way, penofol is popular for warming the bath from the inside, and there is much more steam there than in an ordinary residential area.

To insulate a cold wall, foam foam is used with one layer of foil (one-sided) and up to 5 mm thick.

In the case, as with liquid ceramics, the effect is achieved due to the low thermal conductivity of foamed polyethylene, as well as its low vapor permeability and high reflective properties of the foil (up to 97%).

But unlike seamless coatings, complete sealing and prevention of cold bridges cannot be achieved. Consequently, condensation may form on the surface of the foil. Even the obligatory sealing of joints with adhesive aluminum foil will still leave gaps inside between adjacent sheets.

The method of combating the formation of condensate on the foil is traditional - a crate with a ventilated gap between the foam and the outer lining.

polyph

Another version of polyethylene foam, but already made in the form of a kind of wallpaper - there is a layer of paper on both sides. Polyfoam and is designed for gluing wallpaper on it.

Of course, its thermal insulation properties are not as high as those of penofol, but to make a cold wall feel warmer to the touch, they are quite enough.

In most cases, the insignificant thickness of the insulation does not lead to the dew point moving to the inner surface.

The disadvantage of this method is that only a dry wall is insulated.

Insulation with expanded polystyrene

Expanded polystyrene (or extruded polystyrene foam) is glued to a prepared and leveled wall. Both materials have very low water absorption (especially extruded polystyrene foam), so the formation of condensate in the insulation layer is excluded. The main danger is its appearance on the surface of the insulated wall.

Therefore, it is best to glue sheets on special hydrophobic adhesive mixtures applied over the entire surface of the sheets. And to prevent the penetration of water vapor from the side of the room, treat the seams with sealant (you can also use foam plastic with a step or a tenon-groove connection).

Finishing can be done in two ways:

• mesh reinforcement and plastering;
• paneling according to load-bearing frame fixed to the floor, ceiling and adjoining walls (plasterboard false wall).

Warming with mineral wool

Mineral wool does not meet the requirements for vapor permeability and water absorption for insulation from the inside. But it can be used.

The main thing is to provide maximum protection against humid air from the side of the room and the weathering of water vapor from the insulation layer. That is, to make a ventilated facade, but in the reverse order: wall, gap, vapor-permeable membrane, mineral wool, vapor barrier film, decorative cladding indoors.

It is necessary to create a false wall at a distance of 2-3 cm from the main wall. And to weather the water vapor from below and above, make ventilation holes.

Both builders and manufacturers of insulation materials argue about whether it is possible to insulate houses from the inside, but everyone agrees that in most cases there will be no insulation of walls from the inside. best solution- if possible, it is better to do external thermal insulation of the house. However, if there is no choice, you should carefully study the features and rules for choosing and installing insulation so that the internal thermal insulation is effective, safe and durable. How to insulate the walls of the house from the inside and how to do it?

Indoors, walls can be insulated only in cases where it is impossible to change the facade of the building or there is no access to the outer surface of the wall. It is recommended to avoid wall insulation from the inside of the house because it has a number of significant drawbacks:

• The dew point moves inward. The wall begins to freeze through its entire thickness, the cold meets with warm air at the junction of the wall and insulation, and condensation forms on its surface. It has many negative consequences: on the wet wall a fungus may develop, the effectiveness of the heat-insulating material decreases, it lags behind the wall, collapses; in addition, the decorative finish is spoiled.
• A frozen wall loses its heat storage properties. It becomes difficult to control the air temperature in the room - it starts to warm up faster due to the operation of heaters or direct sunlight out the window and cool faster when airing.

• It is impossible to provide 100% thermal insulation, since it will not be possible to insulate the walls from the inside over their entire surface - cold bridges will remain at the intersection outer wall with internal partitions.
• The humidity in the room increases. This, again, contributes to the formation of mold and is generally unhealthy. To ensure good air exchange, you will have to constantly ventilate the apartment, which will lead to an increase in heating costs.
• Decreases effective area apartments - especially if due to climatic conditions in the region it is necessary to install a thick layer of insulation for the walls of the house.
• If thermal insulation work is not carried out before the start of repairs in the room, it is necessary to dismantle the entire decorative trim which complicates the work and makes it more expensive.

The most dangerous consequence of internal thermal insulation is condensate inside the room, which leads to accelerated destruction of walls and damage finishing materials. This can be partially avoided by accurately calculating required thickness insulation layer and selecting right material. Thus, warming the house from the inside is expensive and unsafe, but sometimes inevitable.

How to avoid condensation

If you still had to deal with internal thermal insulation, then before you figure out how to insulate the house from the inside, you need to understand whether negative consequences can be avoided. The dryness of the walls inside the house can be ensured by protecting the place where the dew point is formed from moisture.

For this you need:

• Use a quality multi-layer waterproofing membrane. Polyethylene film will not work. In addition, it must be properly laid - with an overlap, with sealing of the joints.
• Choose a heater with a minimum vapor permeability. If the material from which the walls of the house are made has this indicator higher, then the moisture formed between the insulation and the surface of the wall will not condense, but will come out.
• Mount the heater close to the wall. To do this, glue must be applied to it in an even continuous layer, and not with beacons.

• Provide forced ventilation of the room, as well as install windows with air exchange valves.
• Accurately calculate the thickness of the insulation layer. It is impossible to focus on average parameters, since it is possible to properly insulate walls only by taking into account all the characteristics of a particular material, premises and climatic features of the region.
• Treat the insulated wall with antifungal and antibacterial agents. You can use a special antiseptic primer. You can start work only after the surface of the wall is completely saturated and dry.

When insulating an apartment from the inside, it is very important to get rid of all possible cold bridges. They are formed at the joints of the insulation boards and in those places where the wall is connected to the ceilings and internal partitions. To improve the effectiveness of insulation, it is necessary to lay the heat-insulating material with a call to the internal walls, floor and ceiling.

The choice of heat-insulating material and the technology of installation of insulation

Mineral wool

It is not recommended to choose this material, since it will not work effectively enough to insulate the wall in the apartment from the inside. However, cotton wool is the easiest to use and cheaper than other options, so it is often resorted to.

Vata exists in two versions:

• rolls;
• basalt slabs.

If there is no other choice, it is better to use wool in the form of plates - this insulation is denser, has better thermal resistance, and does not settle over time. The rolled variety of cotton wool has a too high rate of vapor permeability, it absorbs moisture well, so that the walls insulated with it will probably get wet. However, there is also a possibility of moisture penetration under the insulation when using plates with a density of 75 kg / m3 or more. You can reduce the risk of condensation by using good vapor barrier material and properly installing thermal insulation.

Insulation from the inside with mineral wool is carried out as follows:

1. At a distance from the wall surface, a frame is constructed from wooden slats or aluminum profile.
2. The first layer of mineral wool is laid under the frame. It is necessary to glue it to the wall as tightly as possible.
3. The second layer of basalt wool slabs is laid between the frame laths with the joints offset relative to the first layer.
4. A layer of vapor barrier membrane is laid.
5. Drywall is mounted on the frame.

Due to the characteristics of mineral wool, vapor barriers must be given Special attention when carried out internal insulation house walls. Polyethylene film cannot be used, a more effective vapor barrier multi-layer membrane is needed. To wooden frame it can be attached with a stapler, be sure to overlap; it is glued to the profile with double-sided tape.

The overlap when laying the membrane should be at least 100 mm, the joints should fall on the frame elements and be glued securely. The vapor barrier must extend to the surfaces adjacent to the wall. Places of contact of the membrane with the surfaces should be additionally sealed. Liquid sealant is applied to a wall, pipe or other structure, then the membrane is pressed against the junction; after the sealant dries, the membrane is fixed with adhesive tape.

High-quality installation will reduce, but not completely eliminate the risk of condensation when using mineral wool. It is better to consider other, polymeric, types of insulation for walls from the inside.

Styrofoam and XPS

Expanded polystyrene, or polystyrene, is much better suited for insulating a wall in an apartment from the inside. This is facilitated by its following characteristics:

• low thermal conductivity due to the presence of air in the cells of the material;
• low vapor permeability and almost no hygroscopicity;
• high strength, including compressive and tensile strength;
• small mass;
• ease of processing with your own hands - you can cut the material with an ordinary knife.

Ordinary or extruded polystyrene foam of sufficient density, even with a relatively small thickness, will provide fairly effective thermal insulation of the room. It is recommended to choose it not only because of the ease of installation, but also because it can be most effectively insulated from the inside of the apartment: it does not allow moisture to pass through, so condensation will not appear. The main thing is to correctly glue the foam plates, sealing the joints and ensuring a snug fit to the wall.

When using expanded polystyrene for thermal insulation of residential premises, it is important to take into account some of its disadvantages. So, it practically does not protect against noise. In addition, when burned, it releases toxic compounds into the air. Another disadvantage is the high cost of EPPS, but it is compensated by the fact that it is not necessary to lay a vapor barrier membrane, and you definitely won’t have to redo the thermal insulation due to the destruction of the insulation, as is the case with improper installation of stone wool.

Polystyrene insulation for walls inside the apartment should have a high density - 25–30 kg / m3. You can determine the density by marking, which looks like "PSB-S-25", where 25 means the desired parameter.

Installation of expanded polystyrene boards on inner wall is carried out as follows:

1. The surface of the wall is cleaned, primed and dried.
2. Insulation plates are glued in rows with offset joints. It is advisable to use polyurethane adhesive, which is applied to the entire surface of the expanded polystyrene board.
3. Additionally, the plates are fixed with special plastic dowels.
4. Joints are sealed silicone sealant, large gaps are filled with mounting foam.
5. Reinforcing fiberglass fabric is overlapped over the insulation. On top of it, you can lay the plaster under the decorative finish. Another option is to immediately glue drywall instead of reinforcement.

There is another installation method. At the long ends of the PPS plates, grooves in the form of corners are selected. Two plates are joined, the seam is sealed. Then it is inserted into the groove wooden plank. The resulting structure is fixed on the wall with self-tapping screws. This method is more convenient, since in this case it is possible to insulate the room faster and more economically. In addition, the boards can be used as a frame for attaching drywall.

Should other options be considered?

There are more modern heaters for walls from the inside - polyurethane foam, heat-insulating plaster, polyethylene foam and even ceramic-based thermal paint. Among them, only the first material is worthy of attention; other options are actually of little use for insulating an apartment from the inside. Polyurethane foam is a regular foam, similar to mounting, which is applied to the surface to be insulated using a special sprayer.

The material is good in that it reliably adheres to any surface, penetrates into all cracks, is monolithic and vapor-tight. It hardens quickly and does not form any cold bridges. However, polyurethane foam is quite expensive, and working with it on your own will not work.

Thus, if it is necessary to insulate the walls from the inside, it is best to use polystyrene foam. This thermal insulator has the most suitable characteristics, and installing it yourself is not difficult. Subject to the insulation technology, it will effectively protect the house from the cold.

Many would probably like to know how to insulate an apartment with their own hands. Old Soviet-built houses are mostly poorly insulated. systems central heating they are heavily worn out. About how to properly perform such work, and we will talk later in the article.

Stages of warming

How to prepare an apartment for winter? The order of work in this case should be as follows:

• Insulation of windows and doors.
• Replacement of old heating radiators.
• Wall insulation.
• Insulation of the ceiling and floor.
• Efficient ventilation device.

So, let's figure out how to insulate an apartment, in more detail.

Window insulation with rubber bands

The answer to the question of how to insulate an apartment depends, among other things, on how tight the windows are in it. Of course, dry wooden structures it is best to replace with new plastic ones. However, sometimes it happens that the funds for this are not enough. In this case, you will have to insulate the old windows. How to do it right? There are several methods for isolating such structures:

• Use of rubber seals.
• Seal gaps between frames.
• Sticking with strips of fabric, paper or tape.

Sealing rubbers are sold in hardware stores and are narrow tapes of foam rubber or one of the varieties of soft polymer. Warming with their help is extremely simple. The tape is attached to the frame by means of an adhesive layer on it. When performing this procedure, you need to try not to stretch the material.

caulk insulation

Having wondered how to insulate the apartment inside, you should also pay attention to the gaps between the frames and the opening. Sometimes they are very wide. Using a sealant in this case may not help. Large gaps are best sealed. To do this, you can use rags, pieces of foam rubber, or even just paper. On top of the caulk, all surfaces should be sealed with masking tape or tape.

Use of putty for sealing windows

There is another answer to the question of how to properly insulate an apartment by sealing windows. You can close the gaps using putties specially designed for this. Such mixtures are applied with the help. Recently, transparent sealants are also often used to insulate windows. The technology of insulation in this case is no different from the method of insulation with ordinary alabaster putty. In the event that the sealant accidentally gets on the glass, it is not necessary to wash it. Remove it with a sharp blade after solidification.

Replacement of heating radiators

It is also cold in high-rise buildings due to the low efficiency of old heating radiators. Therefore, having wondered how to insulate an apartment, of course, you should also think about replacing them. Do it in the warm season, before the start heating season. The order of work in this case is as follows:

• Cut off old radiators.
• Marking is done on the wall, brackets are nailed.
• The new battery is hung on the wall. Nuts included in the kit are screwed onto all its four outlet pipes.
• Further, inlet and outlet taps are screwed to two of them (diagonally at the top and bottom), with tow winding and thread coating with paste.
• Opposite the first, on the back of the radiator, a Mayevsky crane is installed.
• The remaining branch pipe is closed with a special plug.

The method of connecting radiators described above is called diagonal. There are also side and bottom mounts. In the first case, both taps - both inlet and outlet - are screwed on one side of the battery, at the top and bottom. The air release device and the plug, respectively, are installed on the other. When connecting to the bottom, both valves are attached to the right and left to the lower branch pipes. The Mayevsky crane is always installed opposite the element supplying the coolant.

How to increase the efficiency of heating batteries

How to insulate an apartment with your own hands by replacing heating radiators, you now know. Here are some tips on how to make their work more efficient. So:

• If it is cold in your apartment, in no case should you cover the batteries with decorative panels.
• When radiators are placed in too deep niches under the windows, they will heat much worse.
• The battery should be about 5 cm from the wall, and not less than 10 cm from the floor and window sill.

Wall insulation with mineral wool

Thus, we have considered how to insulate an apartment from the inside by closing windows and balcony door and replacement of heating radiators. Next, consider how to properly insulate walls. This procedure consists of several stages:

• The walls are thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt.
• The crate is mounted under the drywall sheets. The easiest way to make it is from a beam of width corresponding to the thickness of the insulation.
• Between the purlins, mineral wool slabs are inserted by surprise.
• Further, they are additionally fixed to the wall with dowels - "fungi".
• On top of the mounted insulation boards, it is stretched. Unfortunately, it is located inside the walls themselves when insulating the room from the inside. Therefore, the insulating material must be carefully protected against the formation of condensation on it. For this purpose, vapor barriers are used. It could be just a fat one. polyethylene film or any of its modern substitutes. The vapor barrier strips are fixed horizontally, starting from the bottom. Fix them to the crate with thin bars.
• Next, drywall sheets are mounted on the resulting counter-lattice.
• At the final stage, the walls are painted or wallpapered.

Surface insulation with polystyrene foam

There is another answer to the question of how to insulate an apartment from the inside by lining the walls. This can be done with rigid polystyrene foam boards. The walls are also thoroughly cleaned, degreased and primed. Then they are glued on. In this case, special adhesives designed for foam plastics are used. In this case, the crate is not stuffed. Plates are fixed to the wall apart. Begin installation from the bottom - from the floor. At the corners of the slab, cut to the required width with a sharp knife. In addition to the walls, they are fixed with “fungus” dowels. Next, seal all joints with white mounting foam. After that, the surface of the walls is covered with a special adhesive composition, into which the reinforcing is pressed. At the final stage, the walls are finished with decorative or ordinary plaster.

Use of Styrofoam

Sometimes the insulation of apartments is carried out with foam. This material has a low degree of thermal conductivity and is very inexpensive. The answer to the question of how to insulate an apartment with foam plastic is also not too complicated. The procedure for performing work in this case is exactly the same as when insulating surfaces with polystyrene foam. The only thing is that you need to handle foam sheets as carefully as possible. The problem is that they can be broken very easily.

How to insulate the ceiling

Of course, the answer to the question of how to effectively insulate an apartment inside also depends on how well it can hold. This is especially true for apartments located on the top floors. The method is absolutely no different from the wall insulation method. The only thing - in this case, you need to pay maximum attention to fixing the plates to the surface. If you can not use dowels - "fungi" when insulating the walls, then when installing the insulator to the ceiling, their use is considered mandatory. Otherwise, the plates will simply fall.

How to insulate the floor

The question of how to insulate an apartment with your own hands, if it is located on the ground floor, also comes down to how to isolate the floors. To do this, first remove the fine finish. Next, remove the old boards. The opened logs must be smeared with antifungal and refractory compounds that increase the refractory properties of wood. Then, insulation boards are laid between them. It can be used as mineral wool, and polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene. The thickness of the insulation should be slightly less than the width of the lag. This is necessary so that eventually a ventilation gap remains between it and the new floorboard. At the next stage, a vapor barrier is mounted on top of the insulation. Attach it to the logs on thin slats (two on each side). Next, proceed to stuffing the board.

In the event that you wondered how to insulate a corner apartment, wall, floor and ceiling insulation would be the best answer to it. The fact is that in such premises the structures freeze through much more than in ordinary ones. This is especially true for corners.

Ventilation device

So how do you insulate cold apartment you now know. However, after the walls, floor and ceiling are insulated, the room may become stuffy and damp. Therefore, at the final stage, you should definitely take care of the device for effective ventilation. by the most simple option there will be a purchase of a ready-made system. However, such equipment is very expensive. Therefore, in the standard small apartment you can use a slightly different method of ventilation. To do this, before installing the insulation in the outer walls under the windows, holes are drilled with a diameter of about 10 cm. Exactly the same will need to be done in the “pie” of the wall insulation.

It is very easy to check the correct operation of the common house ventilation shaft. To do this, you will need to bring a lit lighter to the grates in the kitchen and toilet. If the flame begins to noticeably deviate from the vertical axis, then everything is in order. The ventilation is working properly. If this does not happen, you will need to contact management company and call experts to check.

We hope that now you more or less understand how to insulate an apartment in a high-rise building with your own hands correctly. Having completed all the activities described above, you can make your home as comfortable as possible for living in the cold season.

How to insulate an apartment from the outside

Since the method of isolation from the outside is considered much more effective, despite the complexity of implementation, sometimes it is also used for insulation. However, such a procedure can be carried out independently only when the apartment is located on the first or, in extreme cases, on the second floor. To isolate the premises located above, you will have to call specialists. Next, consider how to insulate an apartment from the outside in stages:

• First of all, a crate is stuffed on the walls.
• Further, heat insulator plates are inserted between the bars.
• The walls are covered with a waterproofing film fastened to the bars.
• Siding in progress.

When installing insulation boards, it is very important to make sure that they cover all joints around the perimeter of the apartment.