How can I insulate the street wall in the apartment. The best ways to insulate the walls of the house from the inside

September 3, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of dachas, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and horticulturist. He also has experience repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)

Recently, with the constant increase in energy prices, people tend to insulate their apartments. This procedure really allows you to save on heating and make your home more comfortable, but at the same time, it must be done correctly so that you do not encounter a number of problems later. Therefore, in this article we will consider how to insulate the walls of an apartment inside, and whether it makes sense to do this at all.

Is it worth it to insulate the walls from the inside

Insulating walls from the inside, of course, is much easier than from the outside. However, I will immediately note that this is far from the best solution for a number of reasons:

• after the installation of thermal insulation, the walls will no longer warm up at all, as a result of which between them and the wall will be formed. This, in turn, can lead to the formation of mold and even the appearance of cracks on the walls;
• when the heater is located from the inside, it is not possible to insulate the ceiling, as a result, the ceiling also turns out to be “cold”, and condensation may form on it;
• insulation from the inside takes up living space. In a large apartment, this, of course, will be practically unnoticeable, but for a Khrushchev apartment, where every square centimeter counts, the usable area decreases significantly.

This raises the question - why do internal insulation at all, if it has so many shortcomings? The fact is that it is not always possible to insulate the walls from the outside. For example, if the facade of your house faces the central city street or square, then local authorities are unlikely to allow you to change its appearance.

In addition, sometimes it is not possible to perform external insulation for technical reasons, for example, if the wall is adjacent to an unheated elevator shaft. Thus, it makes sense to implement wall insulation from the inside in the apartment in the following cases:

• if it is not possible to place the insulation outside;
• if internal insulation is used as an addition to the external one. Even if the additional insulation on the walls is thin enough, it will become much more comfortable inside the housing.

After the walls are insulated from the inside, it is necessary to ensure high-quality ventilation of the room, since the apartment, in fact, turns into a large sealed thermos. This, in turn, will lead to an increase in humidity and a deterioration in the microclimate.

In other cases, it is better to insulate the apartment from the outside.

Warming technology

The process of insulating walls with your own hands from the inside includes several stages:

Each of these stages has its own nuances, which we will discuss below.

Preparation of materials

You need to start work on insulation, of course, with the preparation of materials. Since people are often interested in the best way to insulate housing from the inside, I will say a few words about the insulation.

In principle, you can use any thermal insulation material, since their degree of thermal conductivity differs slightly. However, it should be borne in mind that the material will not be located in housing, but outside it. Therefore, it is better to refuse polystyrene, but mineral wool is a good solution - this heat insulator is much more environmentally friendly, and also fireproof.

In addition to insulation, you will need the following materials:

• vapor barrier film - prevents the penetration of moisture into the insulation. If it is not used, then the insulation will be saturated with water, which entails a number of negative consequences;

• material for mounting the frame - it can be wooden bars or boards. However, most often they use a regular mounting profile. In this case, you will need more brackets and guides;
• drywall or other material for sheathing the frame (lining, plastic panels, etc.)

To complete the purchase of all these materials, you must first calculate the square of the walls. Knowing what the price of each of the materials is, you can calculate the cost of internal insulation in advance.

Wall preparation

So, we figured out how to insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside. Now let's get to work.

As mentioned above, before insulating the wall from the inside in the apartment, it must be prepared. This is done as follows:

1. first of all, it is necessary to remove the old coating from the wall - wallpaper, tiles, etc. If the wall is covered with gypsum putty or plaster, it is also desirable to remove it.
   As mentioned above, moisture will form between the wall and the insulation, as a result of which the gypsum will soak, respectively, this will not lead to anything good. You can remove the plaster with a chisel and a hammer or a puncher turned on in impact mode.

1. then be sure to treat the wall with antiseptics that will prevent mold. Instructions for use of drugs are usually available on the package.

To achieve the maximum effect of insulation, it is necessary to insulate the ceiling as well, i.e. overlap, which will be adjacent to the frozen wall. This can be done using the wet method - glue the mineral wool plates and additionally fix them with dowels. The surface of the insulation is plastered, on our portal you can get detailed information on how this is done.

This completes the preparation process.

Arrangement of the ventilation gap

The process of arranging the ventilation gap is carried out at the stage of waterproofing the walls. It should be noted that many construction sites offer thermal insulation from the inside without a ventilation gap.

The big disadvantage of such a scheme is that moisture is necessarily formed between the wall and the insulation, which does not go anywhere, which leads to the destruction of the wall. Therefore, it is better to refuse its implementation.

Arrangement of the ventilation gap is carried out in the following sequence:

1. attach wooden slats about two centimeters thick to the walls. You can arrange them horizontally in increments of about a meter. You can attach the slats to the walls with dowel-nails.
   The slats must first be treated with a protective compound so that they do not rot in a humid environment;
2. then several holes must be made in the wall in order for the ventilation gap to work. To do this, drill holes with a diameter of about 20 mm. To prevent the holes from clogging, they must be protected with a mesh;
3. further, a vapor barrier film is attached to the resulting crate. Moreover, it should be stretched so that a ventilation gap is formed between the wall and the film.

To drill holes from the inside in a panel house for dowel-nails, you should use a puncher with a pobedit drill.

Frame installation

The frame consists of vertical racks, which are arranged in increments equal to the width of the heat insulator plates. In order for the insulation to fit securely to the uprights, the step between them can be made even a centimeter less than the width of the insulation.

The frame assembly process is as follows:

1. first of all, mark the walls, according to which the racks and rails will be located. It should be noted that the distance between the wall (vapor barrier in our case) and the rails that will be mounted on the ceiling and floor must be no less than the thickness of the heat insulator so that the insulation can fit inside the frame;
2. further, brackets are attached to the vapor barrier rails according to the markings, which will hold the racks. Multiple brackets should be used for each rack. For mounting the latter, self-tapping screws are usually used;
3. rack rails are then attached to the floor and ceiling. They should be located strictly opposite each other so that the racks stand vertically. Therefore, before performing their installation, you should make sure that the markup is accurate;
4. then the racks are inserted into the rails and fixed with brackets, as shown in the diagram above.

For cutting a metal profile, you can use special scissors for metal.

By the same principle, the installation of the frame from the bars is carried out. The only thing is that in this case guides are not used, so the racks are installed simply according to the markings.

The installation of the insulation is extremely simple - if the racks are located correctly, then the mineral wool plates are simply inserted between them, and their additional fixation is not required. The only thing to avoid cold bridges should be filled with insulation and the space between the wall and the racks.

To do this, you can cut the mineral wool into strips of the required size. You can cut the plates with an ordinary hacksaw for wood.

Mineral wool fibers getting on the skin and especially in the eyes cause severe irritation. Therefore, when working with it, use personal protective equipment.

If gaps form between the mineral wool plates, they must also be filled with insulation. In addition, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the mineral wool to the floor and ceiling. I note that these, at first glance, trifles should not be neglected, since the effectiveness of insulation largely depends on them.

After the insulation is laid, another layer of vapor barrier should be fixed to the frame. If the frame is wooden, then you can use a construction stapler to fix it.

If the frame is metal, the vapor barrier can be temporarily fixed with tape. Subsequently, the film will be fixed with sheathing material.

On forums, people are often interested in how to insulate a wall from the inside in a corner apartment? In fact, the technology is no different.

Frame sheathing

As a rule, the sheathing of the frame in the apartment is carried out with drywall. Therefore, in the end, I will briefly describe the technology of its installation and further finishing:

1. work must begin with cutting drywall into sheets of a suitable size. To do this, mark the sheets, then cut the cardboard on one side along the marked line with a mounting knife, then break the sheet, and then cut the cardboard on the other side;
2. prepared sheets should be attached to the frame with self-tapping screws, which should be located at a distance of 5-10 cm from each other. Self-tapping screws must be recessed;

1. then, at the joints of the sheets, you need to cut a chamfer 5 mm wide. If the end is rounded, the chamfer does not need to be cut;
2. then a special self-adhesive mesh is glued to the seams between the sheets;

1. further, the caps of the self-tapping screws and the joints between the sheets are smeared with gypsum putty;
2. after that, the entire surface of the walls is puttied. On our portal you can find detailed information on how to properly perform puttying;
3. then the surface is polished with a special grater, on which the mesh is put on:
4. after that, another layer of finishing putty is applied and final sanding is performed.

Sanding must be done in bright light. In this case, you will see all the flaws that need to be eliminated.

This completes the wall cladding and finishing process. Now you can paint it or, for example, stick wallpaper on it.

If lining or wooden panels are used as cladding, they are simply attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. Accordingly, the skin takes much less time.

Here, in fact, is all the information on how to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside with your own hands.

Conclusion

I told you how to insulate the walls inside with minimal negative consequences. Therefore, do not try to simplify the process and move away from the technology outlined above. Its observance will allow you to make the apartment really warm and cozy.

For more information, see the video in this article. If you encounter any difficulties in the process of warming or some points are not clear to you, ask questions in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

September 3, 2016

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The construction market does not stand still. Today in specialized stores you can find a large assortment of materials intended for internal wall insulation. How to choose from the whole variety of heat insulators what is best suited for a dwelling, warehouse, office building or premises for other purposes?

The choice of the optimal option, first of all, should be focused on achieving the primary goal - increasing the air temperature in the room during the cold season. But, besides this, it is important to take into account the environmental friendliness of the material, its ability to create an optimal microclimate. After all, if you treat internal insulation without proper preparation, then all the work will only aggravate the situation: the appearance of excessive dampness, the formation of fungi and a layer of mold on the walls and ceiling.

Each of the proposed options for insulation has its own styling features, disadvantages and advantages in use. It is worth dwelling on the issue of choosing a heat insulator in more detail.

Each of the proposed options for insulation has its own styling features.

The parameters that the material used to insulate the apartment from the inside must comply with:

• Thermal conductivity. If the thermal conductivity of the material is high, the insulation layer must be larger, which leads to a decrease in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and an increase in cost. The ability to retain heat is one of the key parameters that you need to focus on when deciding what is the best way to insulate an apartment.
• Strength, resistance to mechanical damage. The use of brittle material reduces the life of the insulation, and also increases the cost and time required to complete the work.
• Environmental friendliness. When insulating a residential apartment, it is advisable to choose a harmless material. After all, wall insulation for an apartment or residential building must be safe, not emit harmful substances.
• Vapor permeability. Taking into account this indicator, you can avoid many problems associated with an increase in humidity in the apartment.
• Biostability. This indicator gives an assessment of the ability of the material to resist the spread and attack of biological organisms such as fungi. In addition to the external manifestation, microorganisms contribute to the destruction of the material and the loss of its original properties.
• Profitability. Naturally, you don’t want to spend extra money on wall insulation in an apartment, but you shouldn’t save too much in this matter either.

Different materials have their own operational features and differ in certain parameters. Therefore, before you go to the store, you should familiarize yourself with these characteristics. Indeed, not only the warmth and comfort in the apartment, but also its suitability for comfortable living depends on the answer to the question, which insulation to choose for the walls.

Styrofoam

Today, this heat-insulating material is the most popular due to several of its advantages:

• proven effectiveness. Polyfoam has low thermal conductivity, which allows it to retain heat well, and low vapor and water permeability, which does not allow liquid to accumulate inside the insulation;
• low cost compared to other materials;
• ease of installation. Styrofoam does not require the installation of additional frames, it is attached by gluing to a pre-plastered surface;
• versatility. This material is suitable for both indoor and outdoor work, it creates a reliable heat-insulating barrier of the ceiling, walls, roof, floor, ceilings between floors.

Plates penoplex

This material has several names: expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene and is considered a higher quality "relative" of its fellow polystyrene.

What distinguishes foam from polystyrene:

• fine-cell structure allows you to better retain heat and protect against the penetration of cold;
• increased strength. Under heavy loads, the plates do not deform, but are easily cut with a knife. Due to its strength, this material is good for use both for insulation from the inside in a private house and for outdoor work;
• long service life. The warranty period during which the penoplex will retain its properties is 50 years;
• penoplex is resistant to mold, rodents do not like it. In addition, this material does not emit toxic substances during combustion, as polystyrene, which gives it an additional plus for insulating walls inside the room;
• in order to decide how to insulate the wall of your apartment from the inside, it is useful to pay attention to the cost of penoplex. It is higher than the price of polystyrene, but it is quite justified.

mineral wool

This type of insulation belongs to the category of mineral materials and has been used in construction for a long time. Compared to its newer counterparts, it has a number of disadvantages, but due to its effectiveness and low cost, it still remains a fairly popular material.

Features of mineral wool:

• Susceptibility to mechanical damage is a significant disadvantage. When performing interior work, it is important to take into account that glass wool fibers scatter easily. This should be taken into account by the master and how to equip. If you decide to work with the material yourself, do not neglect protective equipment: goggles, a respirator, gloves, as well as clothing that protects the body well. In addition, the owners need to completely free the insulated room from furniture or objects that can retain glass wool fibers.
• The cost of this material is quite low, which explains the feasibility of its use.
• Compared to polystyrene, the thermal conductivity of mineral wool is higher, so it retains heat worse.
• Mounting feature. To install glass wool, it is not necessary to plaster the surface of the insulated wall, but you need to mount a frame to fix the material. You also need to provide a layer of vapor barrier. Usually it is a dense film, with which the insulation layer is completely sewn up. It is tightly attached to the floor, frame and ceiling.
• When insulating with glass wool, more of the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room is eaten. That is why mineral wool is the answer to the question: how do the walls inside the apartment insulate.

Thanks to continuous development, today it is possible to insulate a wall even with plaster. The plastering technology for the purpose of insulating the internal walls is thought out to the smallest detail. Nuances that are important to consider when choosing this method of insulation:

• Be sure to apply 3 layers. The first of which is a splash. The liquid solution is applied to the wall with a layer of 5-10 mm. This is done so that the material fills all the gaps. The second layer is 50-60 mm and is applied in three stages. This is the longest process, since each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one dries. The final layer is most often laid with a thickness of 3-5 mm. Its purpose is to completely level the wall and create a flat surface. The solution for this layer is sand diluted in water, which is rubbed into the base layer.
• The advantage of this type of insulation is durability and resistance to mechanical damage.
• The disadvantage is the higher cost compared to foam and the greater complexity and duration of the work.
• Plastering retains heat less than foam materials.

polyurethane foam

This type of insulation is a dense foam that is applied directly to the wall by spraying. To work with this material, it is not necessary to carry out additional preparation of the wall, it is enough to mount the frame and fill it with material. Polyurethane foam is one of the latest developments in the construction industry, which boasts many advantages:

• ease of use. Polyurethane foam is quite easy to work with even for beginners. The time required to complete the work is less than when plastering.
• does not require waterproofing, as it does not let water through and does not get wet, like mineral wool.
• low thermal conductivity, as a result - the material retains heat well inside the apartment.
• has good adhesion to any surfaces, so that it forms one whole with the wall. It can even be applied to the ceiling.
• allows you to insulate walls of any configuration, since the application method does not provide for the formation of seams and cracks.

Cork wallpaper is also a novelty in the field of insulation. Consider some aspects:

• environmental friendliness. If you are deciding what is the best way to insulate a room in terms of environmental friendliness, then this material will completely satisfy you;
• saving usable space. The use of wallpaper will not take many centimeters from the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room or balcony, since they are relatively thin;
• low ability to retain heat. A plus for saving space is a minus when it comes to thermal insulation characteristics. Due to the fact that the layer is quite thin, it is not enough to fully insulate the building;
• attractive decorative finish;
• ease of use will allow you to insulate the apartment yourself, which in turn will save a lot of money.

How to insulate the walls in each case depends on the location of the building to be insulated, the initial budget, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment, the minimum temperatures in the cold season and other characteristics. Having familiarized yourself with the characteristics of insulating materials, you can make your house or apartment warm and cozy without involving qualified workers.

The question of whether it is worth insulating the walls of the house from the inside still does not have a definite answer. Some experts are ardent opponents of this option. Others, on the contrary, believe that such a decision will create the most comfortable conditions for people's lives. It should be noted that both are correct. It all depends on the specific situation, according to which this or that decision must be made. But even before the start of work on the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside, it is important to study the features of the process and select a safe material.

Main advantages

Warming the walls of the house from the inside is especially important in apartment buildings. It is sometimes the only option for creating comfortable conditions in those rooms that are adjacent to unheated, cold technical rooms or staircases. It is possible to insulate the walls from the inside in a private house. Such a solution will preserve the original appearance of the facade or increase the amount of heat that will be stored in the building.

Such works belong to non-traditional technologies. Most often, their implementation is recommended in cases where it is simply impossible to arrange external insulation. These are, for example, the same high-rise buildings. After all, sometimes very often it is required to maintain heat in the premises of a panel house. Insulation of the walls in the apartment from the inside will be the only option when the work can be carried out independently, in the shortest possible time and without obtaining the appropriate permits that are necessary for the arrangement of the facade. As a result, the comfort of housing will increase, and the owners will forget about such troubles as fungus and mold.

Possible problems

Despite certain advantages, the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside has a number of disadvantages. It was they who became the reason for the appearance of opponents of this decision. So, the presence of insulation on the internal walls of the building contributes to the emergence of such problems as:

-Insecurity of the walls from the cold. After all, the supporting structure of the house does not get rid of contact with the outside air. This leads to its rapid destruction. Cracks begin to appear on the surface of the walls, because their insulation from the inside takes a certain part of the heat. And if before the events, the external structures of the building were heated from the inside, then upon completion of the work, this process stops.

-Dropout of condensate. As you know, on a cold surface in contact with warm air, moisture droplets form. This phenomenon is called the "dew point". The main goal facing the thermal insulation of the house is to move such a point outside the outer structure. Wall insulation from the inside in a private house or in a high-rise apartment leads to the formation of condensate at the border between the insulation and its surface. In this regard, the process is hidden from the owners, and they simply do not notice it. Walls with high humidity become an excellent breeding ground for mold and fungi.

-Reducing the size of the rooms. Today, the construction industry produces various types of the most modern materials with a fairly high efficiency. However, she has not yet come up with one that, while maintaining high technical characteristics, would be very small in its thickness. Warming the house from the inside will take from the premises from 5 to 10 cm of their space, which will significantly reduce the usable area. At first glance, this is not very noticeable. But if you count the entire building, the figure will be quite impressive.

Based on the foregoing, before starting work on insulating the walls of the house from the inside, it is advisable to carefully consider the negative aspects of such a decision. It is necessary to get rid of possible problems already at the initial stage, because otherwise the negative result will become noticeable in the first years of such operation.

materials

What makes it possible to use a technology that provides for the insulation of the surface of the walls from the inside of the building? It can be a variety of materials with their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. As a rule, the most popular options for insulation for such work are mineral wool and foam plastic, foam plastic, as well as boards made from wood fiber. Consider their advantages and disadvantages in more detail.

Styrofoam

Very often, the owners, who decide to insulate the house from the inside, opt for this material. After all, it is quite effective and, importantly, has a low cost. As a rule, 5 cm of such a protective layer is quite enough to provide a comfortable microclimate in the premises.

Styrofoam is most often insulated with walls in apartments of multi-storey buildings. The use of this material allows you to install quickly, without additional tools and complex processing.

Among the disadvantages of polystyrene are the following:

low strength;

combustibility;

Poor vapor permeability.

The latest forecast contributes to the transformation of the house into a real greenhouse. In order to avoid this problem, it will be necessary to equip forced ventilation, which will require additional labor and financial costs.

Penoplex

The closest relative of polystyrene is extruded polystyrene foam, also known as polystyrene foam. Outwardly, these two materials are very similar to each other. However, foam boards are orange, not white. In addition, it is more durable, which determines its durability.

However, the disadvantages of polystyrene in the form of flammability and poor vapor permeability of this material are still preserved. Insulation of the internal surfaces of the walls when using it will not allow the house to "breathe", which will require forced ventilation.

Can polystyrene foam be used to create comfortable indoor conditions? Yes, but you will need to prepare in advance for possible problems and fix them in time.

This option is more acceptable for a house, as well as one built from lightweight concrete. As for wood, it is usually chosen for the construction of buildings for its ability to "breathe". But the foam and foam block the air flow. This negates all the advantages of wood.

Mineral wool

These heaters are also widely used for interior cladding. Attractive in this material is its inexpensive price. Experts recommend using mineral wool in hard slabs to insulate the wall of the house from the inside with mineral wool. Such material is easy to install, non-flammable and has high strength.

Roll is produced under such brands as Rockwool, Knauf, and Isover. She has good:

1. Thermal conductivity. This allows you to use a thin layer of insulation.
2. Soundproof. The use of glass wool provides excellent protection against street noise. The air layer between its fibers contributes to similar properties of the material.
3. Vapor permeability.
4. Tear strength.
5. Resistance to biological attack, for example, to rodents.

In favor of this insulation is also its high service life. It has been successfully fulfilling its functions for fifty years. In addition, mineral wool has a low density and low weight.

However, it should be borne in mind that this material perfectly absorbs water, ceasing to function after that according to its intended purpose. In order to prevent this from happening, provide vapor barrier and waterproofing in the form of a film or membrane. The first protects the insulation from the side of warm air, and the second - from the cold.

fiberboard

Warming from the inside can be carried out using They have:

Good sound absorption and thermal insulation;

Unattractive to rodents and insects;

Good resistance to moisture and temperature extremes;

Ease of processing using any tools;

Easy installation;

Ease of wiring.

However, it should be borne in mind that fiberboard boards are subject to treatment with toxic substances. This carries a danger to humans. That is why this material is most often used for outdoor decoration.

Warming of frame houses

For those who decide to improve the comfort of their home, you will need to check its condition. If any defects are found, they will need to be eliminated before work begins. Warming the walls of a frame house from the inside will require their cleaning and removal of foreign objects. An important point will also be getting rid of the gaps in the structural elements. To do this, you need to apply mounting foam. If the wood of the walls is damp, then it is dried with a building hair dryer.

Performing the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside with your own hands, you will need to go through two stages. The first of these is the installation of waterproofing. The second stage involves laying a layer of thermal insulation.

Waterproofing is pre-cut into strips corresponding to the size of the walls and attached to them. Next, a heater is laid, placing it between the racks of a pre-arranged crate. The material chosen to create a comfortable temperature in the room is pre-cut into strips corresponding to the area of ​​the walls. At the same time, their size may exceed the required one by 5 cm. Such a nuance allows you to lay the insulation more densely. This will increase the efficiency of its application.

Warming of wooden houses

Work in such buildings begins with the installation of the crate, which is equipped on the load-bearing walls. In this case, it is recommended to use a beam. Insulation of the walls of a wooden house from the inside using a metal profile makes sense in cases where in the future they will be sheathed with moisture-resistant plasterboard.

To create even and regular corners, corner posts are prepared from a bar with a section of 50 x 100 mm. Their height should be equal to the height of the room. Along the edge of such a beam, a second one is reinforced with self-tapping screws, with a smaller section (50 x 50 mm). Such a solution will allow you to fix the selected material inside the created structure.

Warming the walls of a wooden house from the inside will require their preliminary treatment with a special liquid. This will protect the surface from rotting and burning.

The next step in insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside with your own hands is the installation of bars, which are fastened in increments of 50 cm. After completing the arrangement of the crate, you can begin the process of fixing the material, which is most often mineral wool. The insulation is pre-cut along the height of the walls with a width exceeding the distance between the vertical parts of the structure by 2 cm.

Mineral wool is fastened inside the crate with anchor bolts. It can be laid in 2 layers, between which a film should be placed.

After fixing the heat insulator, bars measuring 30x40 mm are mounted. Next, sheathing is performed using the decorative material chosen by the owners, which can be, for example, lining. By the way, it will allow you to additionally insulate the house. In this case, the interior will look very attractive.

Warming of panel houses

In order to create a comfortable temperature in such a building, as a rule, mineral wool is used. In addition, wall insulation in a panel house from the inside can be done with foam and fibrolite, foamed polyurethane and cork.

How is such work carried out? Insulation of walls in a panel house from the inside will require their cleaning from old coatings. A vacuum cleaner can be used to remove dirt. The surface should be treated with a primer and an antiseptic. After applying the next layer, the wall must be allowed to dry thoroughly. At the next stage, the surface is leveled with plaster, covering all joints with mastic, sealant or moisture-resistant mortar. Only after that proceed to the arrangement of the heat insulator. The work is completed with the installation of the facing material, on which the final finish is applied.

Insulation of brick houses

Buildings made of this material are distinguished by durability and strength. However, brick retains heat much worse than, for example, wood. In order to maintain a comfortable temperature in the premises, it will be necessary to protect the walls from the cold.

Very often, the owners insulate the walls with isover from the inside in a brick house. is on the list of one of the most popular materials for such work. However, it should be borne in mind that you cannot leave it open. After all, over time, mineral wool will begin to emit dust that adversely affects the health of residents. If a brick house using this material is insulated correctly, then there will be no problems in the future. In this case, it will only be necessary to carry out waterproofing of the insulating layers, since they easily absorb moisture, get wet, as a result of which they lose their properties.

To install an insulating layer of mineral wool with your own hands, you will need to prepare the following materials and tools:

Wooden slats;

mineral wool;

Film for waterproofing;

Film for vapor barrier;

plaster;

Primer;

Putty knife;

Plywood or drywall.

The installation of mineral wool is carried out after a thorough preparation of the walls, which are plastered and primed. It is not necessary to level such a surface, because in the future a crate will be mounted on it.

After the walls have dried, a layer of waterproofing is attached to them. Next, they begin to form the crate, which is made of wooden slats, fastening them together with screws. The next step is to install a heater. A vapor barrier film is placed on top of it and the laths of the crate. Cover such a structure with sheets of drywall or plywood. The joints of the facing material are sealed with putty.

Insulation of the apartment from the inside most often becomes necessary in houses with panel walls, since they are not thick enough, they quickly cool down, the heating system cannot fully cope with its tasks, and the temperature in the rooms drops. How to insulate a wall inside an apartment, and what methods and materials to use - this question confronts most homeowners in concrete high-rise buildings. External walls in such houses become cold especially quickly, and often, due to temperature changes, they begin to dampen and become covered with mold.

Sometimes, when there is such an opportunity, the thermal insulation of the walls is carried out from the outside, as this — more efficient way keeping warm. However, this option is very expensive due to the complexity of its implementation, and it is impossible to carry out such events on your own, without the use of special equipment, if the apartment is located above the first or second floor. Therefore, a decision is made to insulate the walls from the inside, to the detriment of the total usable area. But be that as it may, a warm apartment of a slightly smaller area is better than large cold rooms. Internal work may well be carried out with your own hands, without the involvement of specialists. The main thing is to choose the right material and have the right tools.

If autonomous heating equipment is installed in the apartment, then wall insulation will help save energy resources, which are very expensive today.

Disadvantages of internal insulation

Compared with the external thermal insulation of walls, the internal insulation of the apartment has its rather significant drawbacks:

• An insulated wall does not accumulate or retain heat, and heat losses range from 8 to 15%.

With internal insulation, the “dew point” may be inside the insulation, which leads to dampness

• The “dew point” for internal thermal insulation is between the insulation and the wall, sometimes inside the insulation layer. This leads to the formation of condensation and the appearance of mold colonies. .
• An improperly insulated wall from the inside will freeze all the time, and this inevitably causes irreversible destructive processes in the thickness of the material over time.

Proper insulation

So that condensation does not form under the thermal insulation layer from temperature changes in the winter, and, as a result, mold spots do not appear on the walls, all technological recommendations for insulating concrete walls from the inside of the apartment must be carefully followed.

An important element in the structure of the thermal insulation "pie" is a high-quality vapor barrier. It should protect the insulation from moisture penetration, which will allow the entire structure to effectively perform its functions for a long time.

What work needs to be done to achieve the goal?

• It is necessary to purchase a high quality vapor barrier film and waterproof tape to seal the seams on the connection of its sheets.
• For the insulation layer, you need to choose a material that has low vapor permeability. It is desirable that this indicator be lower than the vapor permeability of the wall material. In this case, moisture evaporation will occur towards the street, and not inside the apartment.
• When gluing the insulation, its surface is completely smeared with glue using spatula-comb, and it is pressed very tightly against the surface of the wall, so that even small cavities do not remain between them.
• In order to avoid the occurrence of excessively high relative humidity inside the premises, they must be equipped with additional ventilation of a natural or forced type. For example, for this, valves are installed on the window frames, through which air will enter the room.

• Next, you need to accurately calculate the required thickness of the insulation. It will depend on the average daily temperature in the region in winter. The thickness of the thermal insulation material should not be less than those parameters that were obtained during the calculations, otherwise the steam-thermal balance will be violated.
• Before installing the insulation system, the walls must be treated with special primers. They will "treat" the wall, will not allow mold colonies to form on it, and will also increase adhesion when gluing thermal insulation.
• Installation of insulation can only be started after the wall has completely dried.
• It is impossible to allow the formation of "cold bridges", which can nullify the entire insulation process. The risk of their occurrence is especially high at the junctions of walls and ceilings.

What heaters and how are they used

Cork is an excellent natural material for thermal insulation.

Such a thermal insulator is made in the form of plates or rolls from the bark of a special variety of oak - cork. Therefore, it is an environmentally friendly safe insulation, which is very important for interior decoration.

Using high quality material, you can solve three problems at once - these are noise and sound insulation, as well as decorative wall decoration.

An important condition for the installation of the cork coating is the evenness of the wall, therefore, before proceeding with its gluing, it is necessary to carefully prepare the surface. This process is carried out as follows:

• The old coating is completely peeled off the wall.
• Then the entire surface is treated, which will protect the wall from damage by fungus or mold.

• The next step is to level the surface.
• You can ennoble the walls with drywall, but in this case, the sheet must be completely smeared with waterproof glue or mounting foam, so that there are no voids under it. Drywall is firmly pressed against the wall and additionally fixed with anchors or plastic "fungi".
• Cork material can be glued onto a dried wall. To do this, use a special glue designed for such purposes.

The positive qualities of the material, in addition to its environmental friendliness, low thermal conductivity and good noise absorption include:

• Ease of installation of cork wall covering while maintaining accuracy in work.
• Aesthetically attractive respectable look.
• Always warm and pleasant to the touch surface of the material.
• A variety of release forms, textured patterns and shades.

Cork is not only an excellent thermal insulator. It will give the room a special decorative effect.

• Cork insulation does not have a large thickness, therefore it does not make the area of ​​​​the room smaller - this quality compares favorably with other thermal insulation materials.

Penofol

Penofol, in its essence, is a rolled foamed polyethylene with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, on one side of which it is applied, which contributes to the reflection of heat into the room.

Penofol - foamed polyethylene with a foil coating

• Before its installation, the surface is prepared in the same way as for a cork coating.
• Penofol can be fixed to even walls with the help of construction double-sided tape. Under any circumstances, the material is placed with the foil side into the room. This creates a kind of thermos for efficient heat retention.
• stripes penofol are laid end to end. Between themselves, they are glued with a special adhesive tape, which also has a foil-coated reflective surface, since the entire coating must be airtight.

• On top of the penofol fixed to the wall, a crate of slats, bars or galvanized metal profiles is installed. This frame with a tanet base for mounting lining or wall cladding with plasterboard sheets. The plasterboard surface can subsequently be covered with plaster, wallpapered, or carefully puttied and sanded, and then painted.
• When installing drywall or lining, it is very important to leave a gap at the top and bottom of the structure, which will serve as a vent for air circulation so that moisture does not accumulate.

Despite its small thickness, penofol is an excellent heat and sound insulator. It is used as a separate insulation, but it can also be used in combination with other materials. It attracts with the simplicity and speed of laying on walls, floors or ceilings, as well as with a long service life.

Video: insulation of internal walls with foil material

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

When choosing a material for insulating a dwelling from the inside, you must first examine all the surfaces of the walls on which thermal insulation will be installed. If the wall is dry and there are no mold spots on it, then you can start preparing the surface and purchase insulation material. It is strictly forbidden to carry out such work on an unprepared basis. Not only will such insulation not give the desired effect - you can thoroughly spoil the apartment atmosphere, make it damp, unhealthy, since spores of many types of mold or fungus are extremely dangerous for people's health, especially for those suffering from chronic respiratory diseases or a predisposition to allergic reactions. .

In general, any of the apartment methods presented in the publication from the inside will not require any complex additional equipment, and this technological process can be carried out independently.

Frosts are rapidly approaching, and the temperature in many apartments is far from the most comfortable. We are forced to put on warm clothes, buy heaters, sleep under several blankets, which causes discomfort. What to do if it's cold in the apartment? It is quite possible to solve this problem on your own.

What to do if the apartment is cold

Cold batteries in the apartment: what to do?

High-quality radiators are the key to warmth and comfort in the house. If the radiators are many years old and the apartment is cold in winter, it may be worth replacing them. But before you run for an expensive purchase, do a survey: sometimes the batteries do not heat up due to air jams or due to the negligence of utilities. Where to complain if it's cold in the apartment, we told.

Many modern radiator models are made with, so you can set the right temperature. High-quality heating devices can serve faithfully for decades, therefore, having spent only one time, you will forget about cold batteries in the house for a long time.

There are several types of radiators:

• Cast iron - the most classic option, which has been used for heat supply for over a hundred years. Cast iron batteries are durable, corrosion resistant and have high heat dissipation. They are not afraid of hard, low-quality water and pressure drops. The disadvantages of cast iron radiators include bulkiness and unaesthetic appearance. Nevertheless, the modern design of these batteries with monograms and original coloring will fit well into the interior of a classic style.
• Aluminum - durable, lightweight and elegant heaters. Ease of installation, optimal price and high heat dissipation make aluminum batteries an ideal choice for many. However, this type of radiator is prone to corrosion at a high alkali content in the water.
• Steel radiators are often used for heating private houses and offices. They have excellent heat dissipation and corrosion resistance. Their disadvantage lies in the sensitivity to water hammer - sudden pressure drops in the pipe.
• Bimetallic the radiator, in simple terms, consists of a steel core and an outer aluminum layer. This design is optimal for city apartments: the steel pipeline is not subject to corrosion, and aluminum, which has good thermal conductivity, perfectly supplies heat to the room. However, all these advantages are overshadowed by the high cost of the product.
• Copper batteries provide efficient space heating due to their thermal conductivity - it is much higher than that of aluminum and even more so than that of steel and cast iron. But the price of copper radiators, as well as bimetallic ones, will not please everyone.

The choice of a radiator depends not only on your tastes and financial condition, but also on compatibility with your heating system. Therefore, before buying, you should determine whether the characteristics of the heater (pressure, allowable temperature, heat transfer, etc.) correspond to the indicators of the heating system.