How to treat a cutting board with oil and other finishing compounds. Protection and decoration for wood, which is used to color solid oak. Rich and dark, but not complex.

Solid oak is a high quality flooring that can only be made from solid wood. natural wood with a tenon-groove joint along the perimeter. The classic dimensions of a massive board are from 90-100 mm in width and 900 mm in length. This is the main difference between this board and parquet. A ready-to-use board is sold only with a factory finish (it can be varnished, made with oil or oil-wax).

oak batten in the interior

Taking into account the fact that the cost of the material for the manufacture of this coating is characterized by a high cost, a solid board is considered a premium product.

Lacquered board

Transparent varnish perfectly conveys the texture of wood

Externally, this material is a homogeneous rectangular structural unit of solid wood of established dimensions. At the ends, a massive board is milled with a spike-groove connecting profile. In order to eliminate internal stresses on the reverse side of the massive board, special longitudinal cuts are provided.

The picture in front of you shows a floor covered with natural board from solid oak. Agree, it looks very good even without any decorative processing.

Regarding the length - there are two types of boards based on this parameter - fixed and combined. In a package of fixed length boards, all structural elements are the same size (the most common standard is 900 mm). In another way, this type of material is called single-length. This option (it can, in principle, be called budget) is considered the simplest in terms of design, but it is in no way inferior in quality.

But in order to create a more interesting pattern on the floor, a massive board of combined length is used. The composition of the packaging of a board of different lengths necessarily includes structural elements of the following dimensions:

1. At least one full length floorboard (e.g. 1600 mm) and some
2. Shortened floorboards (dimensions 300-400 mm)
3. Medium size floorboards (600, 800 mm).

wood patterns

The standard for the thickness of solid oak is 18-22 mm, but recently domestic factories have begun to produce boards of 16 and even 15 mm. By the way, these products began to be used very in high demand. In the same way as the unedged oak board.

Measures to improve the mechanical properties and appearance of solid oak boards

oak floor

As already mentioned above, in the manufacture of a massive board, it is necessarily covered with a special protective layer of oil, varnish or oil-wax at the factory. Each type of coating has its own advantages and disadvantages, each of which will be described below:

Oak flooring with dark lacquer

Lacquer coating - it just so happened that in the vast majority of cases the parquet was opened with varnish, oil or wax after the laying was done. However, today a solid oak board is delivered to the points of sale already with a protective layer applied. It becomes possible to improve the quality of the lacquer coating by using special formulations with ultraviolet curing (UV varnishes). Lacquer coating is considered one of the strongest and most durable, but it does not provide for the possibility local repair. In the event that the coating is damaged on some part of the floor, you will have to sand and re-varnish the entire surface.

Double layer of dark varnish

Coating special oils . The main property of the natural oil used to coat solid oak boards is that, thanks to the use of this agent, the top layer of wood is impregnated, but a separate protective film is not created on the surface of the floorboard. This results in an oiled solid oak board feeling no different from an uncoated board. One of the main advantages of a board coated with natural oil, rather than varnish, is the possibility of local repairs (that is, the processing of exactly the element whose surface was damaged). It will be necessary to clean the damaged area and re-coat with oil. Everything - the board can be reused. The disadvantage of this coating material is its fragility. In order for the wood to retain its properties, the oil coating procedure will need to be carried out at least once a year (or better, once a quarter). Another disadvantage is that any liquid that spills onto the floor and soaks into the board will only be removed after efforts have been made to remove it.

Special oil coating

Use for oil-wax coating . In this case, we mean a specially selected mixture of natural oils with paraffins. This material is the most reliable today - a worthy replacement for wax mastics of the past. This coating has the positive properties of both compounds mentioned above - thus creating a durable protective film, which, if necessary, can be easily renewed.

What technologies allow you to modernize appearance boards - varieties of decorative processing

Often, a massive oak board is sold without any decorative treatments - the board itself, sanded and covered with a protective layer, is an excellent coating material that is not only durable, but also pleasing to the eye.

Painted oak floor

But modern manufacturers are trying to make their product more in demand on the market through the use of one or another decorative treatment or a combination of them. One of the most fashionable today are techniques aimed at creating the effect of wear (artificial aging). The most common types of processing will be mentioned below:

The tinted oak board gives this material an even more natural pattern, visually making it seem like a logical extension of the walls. Highly original design, for which the toning technique is simply ideally chosen

Toning . Board coating in progress decorative paint(one or more layers). The meaning of this technique is to give the board a different color, and in case of combination with other processing methods, to emphasize the natural pattern of wood. By the way, in order to preserve the natural pattern of the wood, very thin layers of paint are applied. Or another option - coating is combined with brushing This technique provides that the recesses of the board are tinted in one color, and the elevations in another. Or - the same color, but a less intense shade. Although, you can not tint them at all.

In this case (image in the picture) shows what kind of dry natural oak board can be given using the brushing technique. Agree, it turned out very well. Especially in combination with carved furniture from natural wood it looks very harmonious.

Brushing is also used as an independent technique, without toning. . By the way, it is she who has gained the greatest distribution, as it allows you to create a feeling of the relief surface of the floor covering. Using this approach, it is possible to recreate the pattern of growth rings on wood! After using brushing, the board takes on an aged, historical look; at the same time, emphasis is placed on its naturalness and naturalness. By connecting fantasy, you can create many intricate decors.

In the picture you see a Russian bath, made in the best traditions. Just the same, yes, it is in this case that it would be rational to use this kind of technique (meaning planing). Agree, to give some negligence in the manufacture of material for finishing the floor in a residential area is somehow not very good, but in such places it is the best design solution!

Planing . This technique lies in the fact that the surface of the board is covered with uneven waves, which, allegedly, were left due to careless work with a planer. A very peculiar technique, the use of which is combined with only a very limited number of deck styles.

In this case, the parquet is made under the well-known English style Chippendale. A classic European picture that is gradually gaining importance in our country. However, only very wealthy people can afford such pleasure.

Sawing . The essence of this decor is to cover the elements used with shallow transverse cuts. Very rarely used processing, which has become more common in European countries;

Please note - a dry board made of solid wood that has been sandblasted. It looks very beautiful and majestic. Pay attention to the previous picture. Agree, after all, the techniques used by our craftsmen make the floor material look majestic and spectacular, without violating its most natural look.

Sandblasting . A process similar to brushing, which gives a less pronounced relief pattern. It is used only in those types of wood where the growth rings are very large - a planed oak board is just one of these.

Pay attention to the picture - it shows a board made of solid wood using the artificial aging technique, thanks to which the flooring, which was only made yesterday at the factory, looks like a hundred years old. An ideal material for decorating an antique shop.

Aging . In this case, it means a whole complex of various techniques aimed at giving an antique look to a solid oak board. It goes well with design styles such as baroque and renaissance.

This floor is great!

What are the advantages of solid oak planks?

• The most natural look;
• Reliability and durability. The world's leading manufacturers of solid wood boards give a guarantee of 50 years. However protective covering requires updating (varnished less often, oil - more often).
• Environmental friendliness. For the reason that given material for decoration is natural and no toxic substances are used in its manufacture, solid wood tiles are an absolutely safe material for human health.

Oak decoration of the bath

Difficulties encountered when working with an array of natural boards

• It is very difficult to lay with this material. A massive board requires the highest qualification from the master. Especially expensive is professional installation using glue, plywood and self-tapping screws.
• Capriciousness. Given that wood remains sensitive to conditions environment, room temperature and humidity outside certain ranges can cause cracking and deformation, and in addition, the floor covering can become detached from the base. It should be taken into account that what larger size solid oak boards (this is especially true for the width structural elements), those with greater strength subjected to internal stress.

Oak interior decoration

conclusions

Oak boards are an excellent material for finishing both floors and walls, as well as other surfaces that avoid constant contact with moisture. However, an oak board (especially its laying) requires a certain qualification of the master. In addition, an unedged oak board is a rather expensive building material.

Solid board (bleached oak) processed in a certain way, using various decorative techniques, is a magnificent design solution in different occasions. Massive board "Oak aged" - perfect option for finishing the floor in a room designed in baroque, renaissance or eclectic style.

When choosing a finish, the vast majority of craftsmen prefer compositions made from natural ingredients, primarily oils. There are many options for impregnating a new board, but practice shows that the most effective solution in this matter is the use of vaseline oil, which is not difficult to find in a pharmacy.

An alternative to vaseline oil can be vegetable analogues, in particular, walnut or linseed oil. But, despite the environmental friendliness and simplicity of such a finish, over time it can transfer food in contact with wooden board, unpleasant rancid smell. When covering the product with linseed, vaseline or any other oil, you will have to periodically renew the impregnation, which will wear out as the plank is used.

How to oil a cutting board?

Impregnation oil is applied to a well-sanded and dried surface. Evenly distributing an abundant amount of the finishing composition with a brush or swab, it is allowed to soak into the wood structure (15-20 minutes), after which the excess is wiped off by running the swab along the fibers.

new wooden cutting board processed in at least two or three layers. Each fresh layer of oil is applied after the previous one has completely dried. This is not very convenient because vegetable oils pretty low. Drying boards must be done in a well-ventilated area.

Are other finishing compounds hazardous to health?

This question still causes heated discussions, despite the fact that unequivocal and authoritative answers have long been given to it. For finishing wooden products in contact with food, any finish can be used, including oil-based, polyurethane and nitrocellulose varnishes, shellac coatings and linseed drying oil. These materials are completely harmless to health, but only after complete drying. This is a very important point!

Before you start using a kitchen board that you decide to paint with one of these compounds, you need to make sure that the coating is completely cured. Remember that the presence of a surface film does not mean that the composition has completely dried inside the wood.

How to maintain the attractiveness of the finish?

By following these simple instructions, your cutting board will look great for years to come.

1. After use, wash the product well with warm water, with as little use as possible. detergents. Wipe off residual moisture without much diligence and do not allow the board to stay in water for a long time.
2. The finish of the kitchen plank needs periodic updating. The outer layer is “refreshed” as it wears, usually once every 4-5 months, depending on the intensity of use of the product. By controlling the condition of the protective layer, you will protect the board from cracking, swelling, and mold, while maintaining its visual appeal.
3. When the working side of the board is severely damaged by knives, it is sanded and re-finished.

Turning a cutting board into a spectacular decor

Inspired by the ideas in our gallery, you can create a product that will turn from ordinary household utensils into original decor for your kitchen. Such an expressive and functional piece of furniture will become a spectacular gift, to which no hostess will remain indifferent.

Let's consider which paint material choose for painting oak boards. To date, distinguish different types LKM. The first category is opaque coatings, that is, enamels and paints. They are distinguished into - polyurethane, alkyd and acrylic. They are practically non-toxic, and dry out in a short period of time. In addition, compared with oil paints, which will begin to crack after a couple, they are durable.

Alkyd types of paints are mainly used for processing wood, which will later be used for processing interior design. But acrylic paints are used for wood, which will later be used to finish the outside of the house. Another variety acrylic paint- it is water-dispersion. It is often used for both indoor and outdoor work. It is durable.

Another category is transparent coatings, which include a component that protects against UV rays. These are all kinds of impregnations, varnishes and stains. It all depends on the area of ​​​​application of the boards. If the boards will be used to make fences in the country, then varnish will do. There are colorless and tinted varnishes. But the masters recommend applying a stain over a colorless layer of varnish, giving the tree the necessary shade.

Before processing oak boards need to be prepared. If the boards were previously painted, then the previous layer of paint must be removed with special washes or the surface must be sanded. The sharp edges of the boards are smoothed with abrasive paper. The areas where the wood adjoins the painted and unpainted surfaces are thoroughly cleaned and sanded.

We apply a new layer of coating when it holds perfectly and does not begin to peel off. In addition, it is imperative to find out exactly what kind of wood was processed before, since there are compositions that are incompatible. That is, when working, the new paint may lie unevenly, bubbles may appear.

After being removed old paint We clean the boards from accumulated dust and dirt. Then a primer is applied and at the end the surface is allowed to dry.

Stages of painting oak boards

Consider several ways to paint oak boards, depending on the chosen material.

If you want to apply on oak boards oil paints or varnishes, then for painting we use a brush with soft bristles. Apply the mixture with smooth movements. Such material is applied in a couple of layers, and we wait until any of the applied layers dries. Lacquers, which include alcohol base, do not need to use for outdoor work.

Now let's look at how to work with impregnations. You can use any tools to apply such mixtures. For example, brushes with rollers. After painting wooden surfaces, we protect them from external influences.

Oak parquet is one of the most popular floor coverings with high aesthetic properties and operational characteristics that hard, non-rotting wood can provide. Oak parquet carries all the main qualities of the wood from which it is made: strength, strength, wear resistance, longevity. This is facilitated by the high content of tannins and the structure of oak, which is characterized by narrow pores.

Material Features

Manufacturers oak parquet impose strict requirements on the conditions of harvesting and storage of wood.

1. High quality wood, must be aged for at least 6 months.
2. Each tree must be sawn individually.
3. Wood, during the six months of storage, must undergo a process of natural drying on special sites under the strict supervision of specialists.
4. The wood delivered to the plant is evaporated in a drying chamber.
5. The material must be subjected to secondary drying, which completes the raw material preparation process, finally stabilizing the wood.

All the requirements imposed by the raw materials from which oak parquet is made endow it with resistance to temperature and humidity changes, guarantee strength and durability, and increase the wear resistance. The finished material goes through the stage of selective sorting and packaging in polyethylene or cardboard, which ensures the preservation of the linear dimensions of the wood during transportation.

The quality and color of wood directly depend on the place where the oak grows. A tree grown in a dry, sandy area will have a yellowish tint, fine texture, high hardness, and low elasticity. Oak cut in the mountains has large layers of wood that has a pale pink hue.

Methods of processing wood intended for the manufacture of parquet

There are several ways to process wood, which open up huge opportunities for designers of all levels to use oak parquet to create interiors of different styles:

• brushing;
• aging;
• heat treatment;
• Teska;
• burning;
• patination;
• toning.

Oak lends itself well to staining or pickling (being in water for several years), the result of which is a uniform coloring in a silky, dark purple color, as well as an increase in the hardness of the wood and an increase in its fragility.

Whitening parquet

By the way, recently parquet tinting in White color. many owners parquet flooring are wondering how to whiten oak parquet on their own. To do this, you need to purchase special remedy(based on the manufacture of bleach) or wood bleaching oil. An important condition is grinding single disc polishing machine.

Old oak flooring needs to be scraped off. Remove debris and dust from the floor. Apply a bleaching agent to the parquet as indicated in the instructions (usually for 10 hours). Then cycle the floor again, removing excess bleach. Repair all defects with a putty, purchased or made on the basis of PVA and wood dust. After the putty has dried, the floor is sanded and varnished.

Cutting methods

If you need to buy parquet for floors that carry a heavy load, then you should pay attention to the thickness of annual rings: the larger it is, the higher the wear resistance of the material.

The saw cut of wood used for the manufacture of parquet may have:

• tangential wave pattern;
• radial pattern: longitudinal straight lines.

The cutting method determines the quality characteristics of the material.

For example, a radial cut is more resistant to deformation and moisture. It is also more wear resistant than tangential sawing.

The main characteristics of oak block parquet

Oak block parquet is planks equipped with grooves and ridges on the edges, which, when laid, are inserted one into the other, creating a feeling of the integrity of the coating.

There are several selection types of oak flooring.

1. Piece parquet, made of natural oak, has a pronounced natural ornament and is not selected by sawing. The radius of knots on high-quality material should not exceed 1.5 mm. sapwood - 10%.
2. Rustic is also not selected by cut, and has a color that changes from plank to plank. The knot radius does not exceed 3 mm.
3. The standard is planks sawn in a tangential way, which have an even color (with an insignificant difference) and a rich texture. The presence of knots and sapwood is completely excluded.
4. The type of parquet nature is radial, sawn by a radial method, which gives the planks a uniform texture and color. Sapwood is completely excluded. A slight inclination of the fibers and the presence of knots, the diameter of which does not exceed 1 mm, are possible.
5. Radial - parquet with a radial cut, which has a smooth texture with a lively pattern. The presence of sapwood, knots, fiber inclination is completely excluded.
6. Select radial is also a material with a radial cut, the most even texture. Absent: fiber slope, sapwood, knots, core rays.

Mechanical damage is excluded in all types of selection, which has a direct impact on the cost of parquet: the high quality of the material determines its high cost.

The cost of oak flooring

When choosing parquet, you should pay attention to the following aspects:

• wood quality;
• texture;
• color;
• the presence of knots;
• proportionality.

The cost of solid oak parquet differs significantly from the price piece material, the indicator of which ranges from 400 - 3500 rubles per square meter.

The main advantage of oak parquet is its ability to different kinds processing, which allows laying the coating in the interiors of the most various styles and directions.