Proverbs and sayings about May HORIZONTALLY: 2. May will deceive - in ... will leave.4 ....
Many people quite often confuse Antarctica and the Arctic. Geography experts will say that the Arctic is in the north, and Antarctica is in the south. Fans of Natinal Geographic will add that in the Arctic there are polar bears, and in Antarctica there are penguins, and these animals never intersect.
But most importantly, Antarctica is a huge continent larger than Australia in area! But apart from basic knowledge what do we know about him?
WuzzUp enlightens 🙂
1. Antarctica is the largest desert in the world.
2. The coldest place on Earth is a high ridge in Antarctica, where the temperature was recorded at -93.2 ° C. 
3. Some areas of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (an ice-free part of Antarctica) have not had rain or snow for the past 2 million years. 
4. Antarctica is the only continent without reptiles. 
5. In Antarctica, there is a waterfall with water red as blood, which is explained by the presence of iron, which oxidizes when it comes into contact with air. 
6. There is only one ATM throughout Antarctica. 
7. About 80% of the reserves are in the ice sheet of Antarctica fresh water our planet. 
8. To go to work in Antarctica, every person needs to have their wisdom teeth and appendix removed. 
9. There are no polar bears in Antarctica (they are only in the Arctic), but there are a lot of penguins here. 
10. Antarctica is the only continent without a time zone. 
11. Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, highest and driest continent on the planet. 
12. Melting ice in Antarctica caused a slight change in gravity. 
13. There is a Chilean town in Antarctica with a school, hospital, hotel, post office, internet, TV and mobile phone network. 
14. The Antarctic ice sheet has been around for at least 40 million years. 
15. There are lakes in Antarctica that never freeze because of the heat coming from the bowels of the Earth. 
16. The highest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica was 14.5°C. 
17. Since 1994, the use of sled dogs has been banned on the continent. 
18. Mount Erebus in Antarctica is the southernmost active volcano on the ground. 
19. Once upon a time (more than 40 million years ago) Antarctica was as hot as California. 
20. On the territory of the continent there are seven Christian churches.
21. Ants, whose colonies are distributed over almost the entire land surface of the planet, are absent in Antarctica (as well as in Iceland, Greenland and several remote islands). 
22. The territory of Antarctica is larger than Australia by about 5.8 million square kilometers. 
23. Most of Antarctica is covered with ice, about 1% of the land is free from ice cover. 
24. In 1977, Argentina sent a pregnant woman to Antarctica so that the Argentinean baby would become the first person born on this harsh mainland. 
25. In 2000, the largest iceberg with an area of 11,000 square kilometers broke away from Antarctica. More than Jamaica! 
26. The average ice thickness is about 1.6 km. 
27. Wind speed in some places in Antarctica can reach 320 km/h. 
To acquaint children with the names of parts of the world, with the location of the parts of the world on the globe. To form an idea about Antarctica, the history of its discovery, the life of people there. To acquaint with the features of nature, its similarities and differences with the nature of the Arctic; with the adaptability of animals to living in conditions of cold and ice.
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GCD for older children preschool age using ICT "Antarctica"
Tasks: To acquaint children with the names of the parts of the world, with the location of the parts of the world on the globe. To form an idea about Antarctica, the history of its discovery, the life of people there. To acquaint with the features of nature, its similarities and differences with the nature of the Arctic; with the adaptability of animals to living in conditions of cold and ice.
Have you heard of Little Penguin?
And he is on Far North, on the Extreme Ice Floe,
Without boots, frustrated, standing in the snow to the waist -
He went to dinner with Grandma and mixed up the pole.
I got to the North Pole, but I wanted to go to the South Pole,
And here he stands, confused and, it seems, with a cold.
In the Extreme North, in the Extreme Ice Floe,
Where there were no penguins before,
Where are millions of icebergs, and maybe even thousands,
Where no Granny Penguin can find,
Penguin stands abandoned, alone in the wilderness of the Arctic
And nothing good is expected in practice.
But then the Sun warmed up, and the Ice floe broke away,
And she brought Penguin to Grandma in Antarctica.
And the story didn't end so badly.
Grandmother was delighted, she groaned with joy:
"Well, there are always incidents! You act like a little one!
You go on a trip and forget your boots!"
Then the Penguin had dinner and finally understood:
"Of course, it's great to walk on your own!
Such an adventure will be useful to me in life:
I can now, please, where you want to get lost,
At least on his own, at least together with Grandma ... Although, perhaps, it’s better for her
Walking in the Far North only in the Extreme Case.
Do you know what a pole is? (children's answers)
Examining the globe (there are 2 places marked in white)
Why exactly White color? (slide 2) (in these places all year round lies and does not melt snow and ice; in the north eternal ice cover the water of the Arctic Ocean, and at the other end of the Earth many kilometers of ice covers the earth - this is Antarctica)
The teacher shows our country, our city on the globe. We remember what is depicted on the globe in blue, green, yellow, brown(seas, rivers, lakes, forests, deserts and mountains). We show and name parts of the world (Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, America). (slide 3)
Wasn't there before spaceships from which you can see our Earth from above. There were no planes that could fly many, many kilometers without stopping. There were no strong icebreaker ships that break ice floes with their bows. And only on sailing ship x people went in search of new lands.
And so many, many years ago small town near St. Petersburg, two sailing ships "Vostok" and "Mirny" left, with commanders navigators - Bellingshausen and Lazarev (slide 4). Neither storms nor fogs could stop the sailors, and six months later, Russian sailors saw the land, all covered with ice of extraordinary height. This was Antarctica (slide 5). For more than three months, sailors sailed along the coast of Antarctica, and bypassed almost all of it.
Research stations are currently operating in Antarctica different countries(slide 6). Above each station is the flag of the country that built it. Very brave, courageous people work at the stations. Scientists have found that Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, as well as a place where very strong winds constantly blow strong winds. On the big ships they bring the most necessary things for the life of people in this cold place (collapsible houses, food, clothes, small planes and tractor-tractors).
Antarctica is a huge part of the land, which is washed by the seas on all sides. In the center there is a thick, thick layer of ice, and along the edges, closer to the coast, there is less ice, and in the warm season it melts.
Huge pieces of ice - icebergs - float in the seas of Antarctica (slide 7). They can swim very far, they are driven by wind and water. Not the most visible above the water most of iceberg, the largest part under water. Icebergs are dangerous for ships collision will happen shipwreck.
Despite the fact that it is very cold in Antarctica, many animals live there. Almost all of them are connected with the sea.
There are a lot of seabirds in Antarctica, especially gulls (slide 8).
What do these birds eat? (fish)
Octopuses swim in the seas, whales that eat small crustaceans, seals, sea leopards with spotted skin (slide 9), fur seals (slide 10). Sea otters are listed in the Red Book (slide 11). They have very warm fur that keeps them warm.
Seals pushed ashore big fish and eat them (slide 12). All winter they spend under water, gnaw holes in the ice to rise and get some air. The largest seal is called the elephant seal, and there are also crabeater seals.
Penguins live here - very unusual birds (slide 13). They cannot fly, but they are excellent swimmers. In water, they are very dexterous, unlike land. Their wings are paddle-like, unlike other birds. Penguins are different: there are large (royal), and there are small (adele) (slide 14). All penguins have warm fur coats made of feathers and down. They are also kept warm by a very thick layer of fat. They don't freeze in cold water sea, nor in severe frost on land. To keep warm, penguins gather together in groups. Baby penguins are placed in the middle so that they do not freeze (slide 15).
Penguins eat fish caught in the ocean. They love to jump into the water and jump back to the shore. They move very well on their belly. They build nests from stones (slide 16).
Why not build from branches? (no trees or shrubs)
The mother penguin lays an egg, which the father penguin hides between his legs to keep it warm. At this time, mother goes to the sea to eat. Leopard seals prey on penguins.
Why is it said that penguins wear tailcoats? (they are black and white, as if they were wearing a white shirt and a black suit)
Penguins live only in Antarctica (South Pole), while polar bears live in the Arctic (North Pole).
And so: at the South Pole is Antarctica. There is a lot of snow and ice here and it is always very cold, so cold that people cannot live here permanently. But there are animals, almost all of them live on the seashore. These animals feel great in cold weather. sea water both on ice and snow.
Did you learn interesting facts about Antarctica in geography school? Surely yes. Then you should know that Antarctica is the largest desert on the planet. At the same time, it still remains a white spot on geographical maps. For the continent is surrounded by riddles and mysteries. For example, many scientists believe that the mainland is actually the lost Atlantis. You will learn many more interesting facts about the mainland Antarctica in the process of reading the article. Let's talk about everything in order.
pioneers
Antarctica is the sixth continent of the Earth. Moreover, it was opened much later than all the others.
It is believed that the first scientist in Antarctica was Karsten Borchgrevink from Norway. But there is evidence that Bellingshausen and Lazarev were the first to set foot on the harsh continent with their expedition. It was at the very beginning of January 1820. To be honest, the existence of the mainland was a real surprise for them. For earlier everyone was sure that this territory was an archipelago or a group of islands.
A century later, the famous Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was the first person to reach the South Pole.
And only a few decades later, scientists began to come to grips with Antarctica, creating scientific bases.
Geography of the continent
The territory of the mainland is the most severe region of the planet. More than 99% of the continent is covered with ice. Their thickness reaches 4.5 kilometers. In Antarctica, low air temperatures (up to -70 degrees) prevail. February is considered the most "summer" month. Although in the prehistoric era the climate of the mainland was very warm. Palm trees even grew here.
Now there are often snow storms and strong winds. Nevertheless, Antarctica is not only the coldest place on the planet, but also the driest. The combination of dryness and cold reaches the absolute there.
There are mountainous regions in the territory. Moreover, scientists even discovered two volcanoes. One of them - Erebus - is the southernmost volcano on the planet. And he is active.
Minerals have also been found here. It's about coal. iron ore, mica, copper, lead, zinc and graphite.
Bloody waterfall, Onyx and transparent sea
About 80% of the planet's fresh water reserves are located in the ice sheet of the continent.
There are also reservoirs here. So, on the mainland there is the Weddell Sea. It is recognized as the cleanest in the world. The water is so transparent that through its thickness you can see objects that are at a depth of 80 m!
As for the rivers, the most famous is the Onyx River. Its length is almost forty kilometers. True, it flows only for two months and in the summer.
Also located in Antarctica a large number of subglacial lakes. The most famous is Lake Vostok, 250 km long and 50 km wide.
Of course, there are many glaciers on the mainland. One of them gives rise to the so-called Bloody Falls. In water high content gland. This gives it a beautiful blood-red color. By the way, the water never freezes there.
iceberg land
What else is Antarctica known for? For children, an interesting fact will be that this is the land of icebergs. Here they reach a truly record size. So, one of them broke away in 2000. Its length was almost 300 kilometers, and its width was 37. The weight of the "floe" was three billion tons. This iceberg was larger in area than Jamaica! Interestingly, part of this iceberg has not yet melted.
And more recently, a giant iceberg, having broken off, went on a free journey. It is an order of magnitude smaller than the ice floe in 2000. But scientists believe that if you melt it, you can easily fill about 460 million artificial pools. Or, say, fill the famous Lake Michigan in the United States. By the way, this body of water is one of the largest lakes in the world.
The continent is hospitable to fur seals, blue whales and killer whales. "Whites" also live in the water. These are the so-called ice fish. Their blood is colorless, since there is no hemoglobin and red blood cells in the body. But still, the most numerous species of inhabitants of this territory are crustaceans, or krill. Their number is measured in tons. This is the largest population in the world! By the way, Uruguayan doctors use krill powder in the treatment of their patients. Thanks to this drug, people tend to quickly part with excess cholesterol.
By the way, researchers from Chile were able to prove that the emperor penguins of Antarctica, interesting facts about which we are considering, feed exclusively on these crustaceans. That is why they do not suffer from atherosclerosis!
By the way, these birds live only in Antarctica. They are mainly engaged in hunting in the water and can swim away even for tens of kilometers. Emperor penguins are solitary and only form large colonies during the breeding season. This is when the Antarctic winter comes.
In general, Antarctica is more than poor in land animals. There are no reptiles here, but ants live. And polar bears do not live here at all, but in the Arctic. Although recently a number of scientists have already thought about populating this southern continent with them.
Antarctic population
For obvious reasons, there are no permanent residents here. But on the other hand, scientists live and work in this inhospitable territory. In summer, their number is about 5 thousand people. In winter, this figure decreases several times. They say that specialists live more than amicably. In any case, there are already registered interethnic marriages.
And in 1978, seven Argentine families arrived on the mainland. They wanted to see how long they could survive in these difficult conditions. Jokes aside, but Emilio Marcos Palma turned out to be the first representative of the stronger sex who was born on this uninhabitable continent.
True, Antarctica is not at all isolated from outside world. There is also the Internet, and television, and a telephone connection with a code, and an ATM. It also has its own currency. It's called the Antarctic dollar. There is also a bar. In fact, it is considered the most inaccessible drinking establishment on the entire planet. By the way, the diet of specialists also includes a foamy drink - beer.
There are several Christian churches in Antarctica. One of them is a Russian Orthodox church.
At one time, a nuclear power plant, which belonged to the United States of America, also worked here.
By the way, before a person is going to go to the icy continent, he has to remove his wisdom teeth and appendix in order to minimize the risks of sudden inflammation. There are no operations. But one day, in 1961, a Soviet scientist was forced to operate on himself due to acute appendicitis. Fortunately, the surgery was successful.
Politics of Antarctica
There is no president and no government on the mainland. Antarctica does not belong to anyone at all. Although a number of powers at one time claimed ownership of this territory. But these plans were in vain.
A few years ago, representatives of a number of countries signed the so-called "Antarctic Treaty". The document proclaims this territory an international protected area or "natural reserve". Since then, the continent has been considered a demilitarized zone. Scientists of any state can only conduct research here.
Secrets of the Continent
Interesting Facts about Antarctica does not end there. She is surrounded by secrets. So, at one time, researchers discovered some buildings here. Their dimensions were similar to those Egyptian pyramids Giza. In addition, there are legends about the underground bases of Adolf Hitler. It is known that during the war the Fuhrer began to explore this area.
Anyone who studies meteorites knows that best place in this regard, than Antarctica, does not happen at all. The fact is that the fireballs that fell on the ice cover of the mainland are preserved much better than in any other place on the planet. So, in Antarctica, scientists discovered fragments of a meteorite from Mars. It was an unexpected discovery. After relevant research, scientists said that the mainland is similar to the red planet. In the sense that the territory of the continent is so similar to Mars that they began to use the icy continent as a model for Mars!
Antarctic tourism
Since 1980, the mainland has been accessible to tourists. Fortunately, there are many abandoned places that guests of the continent want to visit. For example, there is still a camp that was founded famous traveler R. Scott back in 1911. Such bases have already become a real tourist attraction.
In addition, on the coast of Antarctica are often found wrecked ships. As a rule, these are Spanish galleons of the 16th-17th centuries.
Well, one more interesting fact about Antarctica: a few years ago, musicians from the cult band Metallica arrived here as guests and tourists of the mainland. They even gave a concert for an audience of 120 people! The most interesting thing is that the members of the group were able to comply with the accepted international agreements related to environmental standards on the mainland. Namely - they did not use sound amplifiers. The latter was broadcast into the headphones of fans ...
Travel game. "Antarctica".
Objectives: 1. To consolidate the concept of "play-travel" with children.
2.Find out what the children know about this continent. Get to know the animal world of Antarctica.
3. Prepare with the children the necessary attributes for the game.
4. To develop in children attentiveness and interest in the new.
5. To teach children to work in a team, to cultivate interest and love for the animal world.
Game progress.
Today we have a game-journey!
Where are we going with you! Solve the riddle.
Every person knows
southernmost continent.
We will turn the globe over and find the name.
(Antarctica).
What do we know about Antarctica?
There is a small land on our planet, they called it Antarctica.
Depicting Antarctica on the globe, white was used. What does white color mean?
(snow, ice, cold).
Antarctica is the coldest place on earth.
There are never warm days and rains. Only frosts are cracking, it is snowing and blizzards are sweeping.
Antarctica, Antarctica! You are cold even in appearance
You are on a colored globe, an icy stain.
In fact, Antarctica is colder than it even looks.
In the refrigerator, even then, it would be hotter than in a coat.
Want to go to Antarctica?
What are we going to put on?
And how will we get there?
Let's choose.
(Cards with different types transport).
Let's get on the ship, what shall we call it?
(Icebreaker)
This is a ship with a strong bow, it breaks even the strongest ice floes.
Let's go. Depicting motors.
Day and night the cars rumble
Water is running from the screw.
The ice floes have already floated,
And the cold came.
What are these ice floes?
What it is? These are icebergs, huge mountains of ice. They were taken out to sea. Their forms are very different. In sunny weather, icebergs appear colorful and look very beautiful.
What do we know about the properties of ice?
Do icebergs float or sink?
They can exist for 6-12 years, gradually melting and dividing into small ones.
Are they dangerous?
For whom?
Have you heard of a ship like the Titanic?
What do you know about him?
Now the movement of icebergs is monitored by the international glacial patrol. Our ship carefully passed through the ice.
So we sailed to Antarctica.
Is it dangerous for us to go out on the ice in Antarctica?
Look at the sky, what is it?
Even in summer the snow does not melt
The sun is not strong enough!
Sky rainbow colored
Dress up sometimes!
What is this miracle garment?
This is (Northern Lights).
Where do the northern lights happen?
What do we know about the animal world of Antarctica?
It's pretty sparse, but still!
Here are pictures with animals, choose those that live in Antarctica.
Now I will make riddles, and you raise the picture with a guess.
A fountain beats in the blue sea
Miracle Yudo Giant.
Takes water in mouth
And the fountain from the sea beats!
He does not run from the wave
Lives in the sea (whale)
Whales have a whalebone
Tastes the water.
Others have a toothy mouth
Toothed whale - (sperm whale)
The sperm whale is a predatory whale with teeth.
In the far northern seas
In the arctic fields
I hunt day by day
The cries of seagulls above me.
I dive all day.
And my name is (seal).
Weird sleek gray cat
Eats fish, lives in the ice,
There are whiskers, a tail and a mouth.
Who is this? (fur seal).
How is it different from a seal?
We are sea animals
For whales, it is more dangerous than thunderstorms.
Our fins are
What is sharper than sharp braids. (killer whales)
Killer whales are predatory dolphins.
He wears a beautiful black tailcoat
His home in Antarctica.
Ice is clear and cold
For him, the sweetest of all.
Walks into the transshipment
Like an important gentleman.
Catches fish in the sea
Our clumsy (penguin)
Who are the penguins? (these are sea birds).
Are there any other birds? (albatrosses, petrels, skuas)
Here's what animal world prevails in Antarctica.
Are you probably cold? Let's get warm.
I read a poem, and you perform arbitrary movements.
Cling to the shore of the steep cold.
Blizzard builds blue cities.
The wind rushes through the snow like a dog.
Because frost bites his nose.
And the penguins, and the penguins, at least that.
They run out for a walk without a coat.
They do not care about frost-thaw.
Antarctica is a warm home for penguins.
Can people live in Antarctica?
Science station.
Why don't polar bears eat penguins?
Because polar bears don't live in Antarctica, they live at the North Pole!
Did you enjoy the trip? Let's go home.
We start motors.
Day and night the machines are knocking
Water is running from the screw.
The ice floes have already passed
The cold has receded.
Goodbye Antarctica!
The article contains interesting facts about the coldest continent on Earth. Reveals the problems that worry scientists.
Interesting facts about Antarctica by geography
In Antarctica, there is a contradiction between the dry climate and the amount of water. There is no drier place on the planet than Antarctica. If we compare the hottest desert, and Antarctica, we can understand that in the desert occasionally, but still precipitation falls. Antarctica hasn't seen rain in almost two million years. Each year, the South Pole receives less than 10 centimeters of precipitation.
Antarctica has its own ccTLD "aq". However, only those operating on the mainland can register their site under this domain name. scientific organizations who carry out research activities.
Antarctica - perfect place to search for meteorites. Celestial bodies that have fallen on the Antarctic ice are better preserved than those found on land in other areas of the globe.
Rice. 1. Meteorites of Antarctica.
Particles celestial body, which fell from Mars, are a special find for researchers. Today this find is recognized as the most unexpected and valuable. Scientists have an assumption that during the flight the meteorite had a speed of 18 thousand km / h. Only such speed allowed him to reach our planet. It is this meteorite that gives the right to believe that the existence of life at the level of microorganisms is possible on the red planet.
The discovery of Antarctica was carried out as a result of round the world expedition which took place in 1820. The official discoverers are:
- Thaddeus Bellingshausen;
- Mikhail Lazarev.
Rice. 2. Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev.
The mainland was discovered on two legendary ships:
TOP 4 articleswho read along with this
- "East";
- "Peaceful".
Antarctica is the only place on the planet where there is no time zone. For orientation in time, temporary residents of the continent save the time of their state or track the time of delivery of all necessary things and equipment. Literally in seconds, you can get around all 24 hours here.
Now scientists are very worried about the problem global change climatic conditions mainland. If a rapid melting begins here age-old ice, the water level will rise by 60 meters. This will lead to irreversible consequences.
Giant iceberg of Antarctica
In 2000, the world's largest iceberg was spotted. It broke away from the Ross Ice Shelf. The giant ice block had a length of almost three hundred kilometers (295), and its width was almost forty kilometers (37). In terms of dimensions, the iceberg corresponds to the state of Connecticut or the state of Qatar.
Rice. 3. The largest iceberg on the planet.
