As you know, the lyrics convey the experiences of a person, his thoughts and feelings caused by various phenomena of life. Mayakovsky's lyrics depict the structure of thoughts and feelings of a new man - the builder of a socialist society. The main themes of Mayakovsky's lyrics are Soviet patriotism, the heroism of socialist construction, the superiority of the socialist system over the capitalist one, the struggle for peace, the strengthening of the country's defense power, the place of the poet and poetry in the working order, the struggle against remnants of the past, etc.
Merged together, they recreate the majestic appearance Soviet man ardently loving his homeland, devoted to the ideas of the revolution and the people. The poet's openness, citizenship, his desire to show the "nature and flesh" of communism, to ignite everyone with the desire to "think, dare, want, dare" are very dear. In the name of the revolution, Mayakovsky creates an extraordinary oratorical structure of verse, which raised, called, demanded to go forward.
The lyrical hero of Mayakovsky is a fighter for universal happiness. And for what major event The poet did not respond to modern times, he always remained a deeply lyrical poet and asserted a new understanding of lyrics, in which the moods of a Soviet person merge with the feelings of the entire Soviet people. Mayakovsky's heroes are ordinary, but at the same time amazing people("The Story of Kuznetskstroy"). During the construction of the city, courageous people live under open sky They are cold, starving, they have great difficulties ahead, but their lips stubbornly whisper in harmony:
...after four years
there will be a garden city!.
Mayakovsky's lyrics are rich and varied. The poet devoted many of his poems to the patriotism of the Soviet people. The best of them are "To Comrade Netta - a steamer and a man" / 1926 / and "Poems about a Soviet passport". The first poem is a recollection of the Soviet diplomatic courier Theodor Nett, who died heroically in the line of duty. The introduction to the theme is Mayakovsky's meeting with the ship bearing the name of the famous hero. But gradually the steamer seems to come to life, and the image of a man appears before the poet.
It's him - I recognize him
In saucer-glasses
life buoys.
Hello Nette!
Then follows the memory of Netta, who was a friend of Mayakovsky. These everyday memories are replaced in the central part of the poem by a description of the heroic deed of a simple Soviet man - "the trail of the hero is bright and bloody." The scope of the poem is expanding: begun with a description of a friendly meeting, it rises to thoughts about the Motherland, about the struggle for communism. People like Nette do not die - people embody the memory of them
...in steamships,
in lines
and other long
affairs.
The anthem of the Soviet Motherland also sounds another lyrical poem by Mayakovsky - "Poems about the Soviet passport" / 1929 /. The poem begins with an insignificant event - with a description of the passport check in a railway car at the moment the train arrives at the border. And the poet notices a lot: and the courtesy of the official, who "without ceasing to bow", "respectfully" takes the passports of an American and an Englishman; and his disdain at the sight of a Polish passport.
And suddenly,
as if
burn
twisted
mister.
This is Mr Officer.
beret
my red passport.
The peace has been broken. The "gendarme caste" is ready to rush at the poet, but in his hands -
"hammered, sickle, Soviet passport",
behind him is the country of socialism. Mayakovsky is proud of his mighty Motherland:
"Read,
envy, I'm a citizen
Mayakovsky devoted many poems to poetry /"Jubilee", "To Sergei Yesenin", "Out loud", etc./ He writes "about the poet's place in the working order", about the importance of poetry for the people, for their struggle for communism. The poet emphasizes the responsibility of the poet to Soviet society, therefore, his lyrics are distinguished by high ideology and nationality ..
The pre-revolutionary work of the poet is lyrical and satirical poems, the poems "A Cloud in Pants", "Flute-Spine", "War and Peace", "Man", the tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky". The main themes of this period are peace big city("Night", "Morning", "Hell of the City"); war and peace ("War is declared", "Mother and the evening killed by the Germans", "Me and Napoleon"); the poet and the crowd ("Violin and a little nervously", " Good relationship to the horses”, “Listen!”); love ("Lilichka"), Some modern literary critics call early Mayakovsky"a poet of resentment and complaint" (K). Karabchievsky), others see him as a suffering poet (A. Mikhailov), most note the anguish of unclaimed love (the poem "Flute-Spine"). The lyrical hero of Mayakovsky is a rebel who is constantly in conflict with the outside world.
In the poem "Violin and a little nervously" (<1914>) reveals the theme of the poet and the crowd, important for Mayakovsky's entire work. There is a quarrel in the orchestra: “The orchestra looked strangely as / the violin was crying out ...” “The whole orchestra looked strangely” at the violin and only the poet, who felt spiritual closeness, similarity, “staggering climbed through the notes, / the music stands bending under horror, / for some reason shouted: / “God!”, / rushed to wooden neck: / “You know what, violin? / We are terribly similar: / I, too, / yell - / but I can’t prove anything! / Let's - / let's live together! / BUT?" This poem is a dialogue with the "crowd", in which Mayakovsky constantly talks about the existence of two different value systems: material and spiritual. Adherents of the material side of life, "mediocrity", provoke angry reproaches of the poet. The assertion of the exclusivity of one's "I", suffering in the world of vulgarity, is a challenge thrown to the world of rude and narrow-minded people.
In the early poems of Mayakovsky there is a lot of declarative, exaggerated display of his significance. And at the same time, in his poetry there is an acute feeling of loneliness, of being useless in the modern world:
I'll pass
dragging my love.
On what night
crazy,
sick,
by what Goliaths I was conceived -
so big
and so useless?
The author dedicates these lines to himself, beloved,<1916>
Mayakovsky's lyrics are urban lyrics of the 20th century. Nature as a world of harmony and beauty, a refuge for a tortured soul, just a source of aesthetic pleasure, is practically absent in his poems. "Hell of the city" is the only environment in which his lyrical hero can exist. He is looking for beauty and harmony, but around him, in the bustle of the city. These searches echo the theme of the poet's tragic loneliness in the world of "petty bourgeois". The poet talks with what surrounds him: houses, streets, trams, a violin. All things in his poetry move, speak, breathe, suffer, sympathize: "the street without language is writhing," "Kuznetsky laughed." The poet, rejected by the world of those who cannot see the beauty in what cannot be “eaten, drunk or sold”, finds other interlocutors.
The city of Mayakovsky is inhabited not only by hostile people, the unfortunate and destitute live in it, whose defender he feels himself to be. Moreover, Mayakovsky writes about the social “day” of life, “tabloid prostitutes”, “syphilitics”, “a downed old man” appear in his poems. The poet "screams" about them, considering his poetry to be their voice, and sees his highest destiny in serving the "humiliated and offended":
And God will cry over my book!
Not words - convulsions stuck together in a lump;
and run across the sky with my poems under his arm
and will breathlessly read them to his friends.
And yet,<1914>
The lyrical hero of Mayakovsky's poetry is the protector of the whole world from the "hundred-headed louse", and therefore he is raised to incredible heights, equal to God, the Moon - the "red-haired mistress". But this dooms him to constant, fatal loneliness. He experiences pain and suffering, the source of which is also love (“Listen!”, “Flute-spine”, “I love”),
Listen!
After all, if the stars are lit, does it mean that someone needs it?
So - someone wants them to be?
So - someone calls these spitting pearls?
Listen!<1914>
In questions - philosophical reflections about the meaning of life, about love. Why did the poet have them? Perhaps because for the layman the stars are just "spitting". But there are people for whom they are “pearls”. It is for these few that the lyrical hero “rushes into God”. After all, the stars are needed so that someone is “not scared”: “So it is necessary / that every evening / over the roofs / at least one star lights up ?!” Pay attention to the punctuation at the end of the poem, expressing a rhetorical question, the poet's confidence in the correct solution to the meaning of existence.
love lyrics Mayakovsky reveals to us the vulnerable, tender soul of the poet. Lila Brik, his poetic muse, he dedicated most of his love poems. This love is tragic. "Lily!" (1916): "... my love - / after all - a heavy weight - / hangs on you, / wherever it would run." But "Except for your love, / I / have no sea", "Except for your love, / I / have no sun ...".
B. Pasternak spoke very sensitively about Mayakovsky's lyrics: “I really love Mayakovsky's early lyrics. Against the backdrop of the then clowning around, her seriousness, heavy, formidable, complaining, was so unusual. It was poetry masterfully fashioned, proud, demonic and at the same time immensely doomed, perishing, almost calling for help.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (1893-1930). Life, creativity, personality. The main themes of the poet's lyrics. Expressive reading and analysis of poems: “Nate!”, “Listen!”, “Anniversary”, “Happy”, the poem “Cloud in Pants”, “Spine Flute”, “Lilichka!”, “I Love”, “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva ".
Goals:
educational:
the formation of the moral foundations of the worldview of students;
creating conditions for involving students in active practical activities;
educational:
to acquaint with the main stages of the life and work of V. Mayakovsky;
to form an idea of the main themes in the work of V. Mayakovsky;
developing:
develop the skills of note-taking, analysis of a lyrical work;
development of mental and speech activity, the ability to analyze, compare, logically correctly express thoughts.
Lesson type: combined lesson.
Type of lesson: lesson - workshop, practical work.
Methodical methods: drawing up a summary of a lecture, a conversation on issues, an analysis of a lyrical work.
Predicted result:
knowthe main stages of the writer's life, the main themes of the poet's lyrics, theoretical concepts related to the topic;
be able tohighlight the main thing in the text, analyze the poet's works of art, using information on the theory of literature.
Equipment : notebooks, collection of poems, computer, multimedia, presentation.
I want
To be understood by my country
but I won't understand,
well,
by home country
I will pass by
how is it going
slanting rain!
V.V.Mayakovsky
During the classes:
I . Organizing time.
II .Motivation learning activities. Goal setting.
Teacher's word.
You already know a lot about the life and work of poets of the 20th century. Unfortunately, during the harsh times of the First World War and the Russian revolutions, many of them had a hard fate.
Gumilyov was shot, his poems were banned, Mandelstam died in the camp, his poems were not published, Pasternak after Nobel Prize Yesenin and Tsvetaeva were hunted down for the novel "Doctor Zhivago", Yesenin and Tsvetaeva committed suicide, Akhmatova got the bitter share.
Mayakovsky was artificially pushed forward. For several decades, it was printed in millions of copies, quoted in place and out of place.
Now that the true history of Russian literature of the 20th century is finally being recreated, perhaps there is no place for Mayakovsky in it at all, since, on Stalin’s instructions, he was declared “the best and most talented”?
No, it's not. Mayakovsky, cleansed of the official "textbook gloss", remained a true poet, not an inflated figure, and rightfully occupies a place in the front row of Russian poetry.
Discussion of the topic and objectives of the lesson.
III . Improving knowledge, skills and abilities.
Teacher's word:
What passion led young Mayakovsky to poetry, what contradictions tore apart his soul, why did he so impatiently rush into the future, into the “communist far away” and what did he finally come to, why does it still cause controversy and disagreement? What content was contained in the incomplete 37 years of his life, what unrest overwhelmed this powerful, but at the same time somewhat weak nature?
The student who prepared the message for the lesson will tell us about this.
"The life and work of V. Mayakovsky."
Individual message « Life and work of V. Mayakovsky ».
Biography stages.
Mayakovsky was born on July 19 in the village of Baghdadi in Georgia into the family of Vladimir Konstantinovich Mayakovsky (1857-1906), who served as a forester in the Erivan province, since 1889 in the Baghdad forestry. The poet's mother, Alexandra Alekseevna (1867-1954), from a family of Kuban Cossacks, was born in the Kuban.
In 1902, Mayakovsky entered the gymnasium in Kutaisi. After the death of his father in 1906, Mayakovsky moved to Moscow with his mother and sisters. In 1906, in Moscow, he entered the fifth gymnasium (now Moscow school No. 91), where he studied in the same class with Pasternak's brother Shura. He interrupted his studies in 1908 and took up revolutionary activities.
In 1908 he joined the RSDLP, was arrested three times. He began writing poetry in 1909 in solitary confinement in the Butyrka prison. In 1911 he entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. Having met David Burliuk, he entered the poetic circle and joined the Cubo-Futurists.
The first published poem was called "Night" (1912), it was included in the futuristic collection "Slap in the Face of Public Taste". In 1913, he turned to dramaturgy, the tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky", the author staged the play and played the title role.
In 1914-1915. working on the poem "A Cloud in Trousers". In the summer of 1915, the acquaintance of the Brikov family. Poem "Flute-spine". Anti-war lyrics: "Mother and the evening killed by the Germans", "Me and Napoleon", the poem "War and Peace" (1915). Appeal to satire. Cycle "Hymns" for the magazine "New Satyricon" (1915). 1917 Revolution. Poetic Chronicle".
He acted in films based on his own scripts. 1918 "Mystery Buff" staged on the anniversary of the revolution.
The leader of the associations of left-wing artists - Komfuts, MAF, Lef, Ref.
1918-19 gas. "The Art of the Commune". Propaganda of the world revolution and the revolution of the spirit. Moving from Petrograd to Moscow. The poem "150,000,000" is the theme of the world revolution.
In 1919-21. organized the release of "Windows of ROSTA". years civil war will take best time in life, in the poem "Good!" prosperous 1927 nostalgic chapters. In 1922-23 in a number of works he continues to insist on the need for a world revolution and a revolution of the spirit - "The Fourth International", "The Fifth International", "My Speech at the Genoa Conference", etc.
In 1925 he went on his longest journey - overseas: he visited Havana, Mexico City and for three months performed in various US cities with reading poetry and reports. Later, poems were written (the collection "Spain. - Ocean. - Havana. - Mexico. - America.") And the essay "My Discovery of America."
In 1922-26. actively collaborated in Izvestia, in 1926-29. - in "Komsomolskaya Pravda". Published in the magazines: "New World", "Young Guard", "Spark", "Crocodile", "Krasnaya Niva", etc. Worked in agitation and advertising, for which he was criticized by B. Pasternak, V. Kataev, M. Svetlov . In 1923 he organized the Lef group (Left Front), the thick magazine Lef (seven issues were published in 1923-25).
In the summer of 1928 - disappointment in Lefa and leaving the organization and the magazine.
Life and art
The satirical plays The Bedbug (1928) and The Bathhouse (1929) were staged by Meyerhold.
It was in 1929 that the poet was overtaken by the very disappointment that every poet experiences, the collapse of the values \u200b\u200bthat he idolized, but not for all poets it ends that way ....
On April 14, 1930, at 10:15 am, Mayakovsky shot himself in the heart with a revolver. This happened in Moscow, in house number 3 on Lubyansky passage, apt. No. 12. Obviously, it was a suicide. However, contrary to the posthumous request of the poet himself, “Do not blame anyone for the fact that I am dying, and please do not gossip. The dead man disliked this terribly,” speculation continues around his death. The version of the murder is often expressed, however, additional examinations and investigations have not found any indisputable evidence of this version.
Creation.
Already the first poem "Crimson and white discarded and crumpled ..." could become a manifesto of the avant-garde in poetry. Never before has poetry been so freely expressive and metaphorical. “I’m going to sob that policemen are crucified at the crossroads” or “And you could play the nocturne on a flute downpipes". The combination of the energy of the rally and the demonstration with the most lyrical intimacy struck the imagination.
In pre-revolutionary creativity, the confession of a poet forced to a cry, perceiving reality as an apocalypse (the tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky", 1914, the poem "A Cloud in Pants", 1915; "Flute-spine", 1916; "Man" 1916-1917). Following the "Flute" was written a poem, first published in the first volume of the complete works, "Lilichka!" (M., " Fiction", 1953).
Original creativity began after acquaintance with the poetry of the symbolist Andrei Bely. According to the poet, it all started with the line of Andrei Bely "He launched a pineapple into the sky." David Burliuk introduced the young poet to the poetry of Rimbaud, Baudelaire, Verlaine, Verharne, but Whitman's free verse had a decisive influence; one can often come across the assertion that Mayakovsky's versification is unique, and he had no predecessors, but this is not entirely true.
Mayakovsky did not recognize poetic meters, he invented rhythm for his poems; polymetric compositions are united by style and a single syntactic intonation, which is set by the graphic presentation of the verse: first, by dividing the verse into several lines written in a column, and since 1923 by the famous "ladder", which became Mayakovsky's "calling card". The short flight of stairs helped Mayakovsky to make him read his poems with the correct intonation, because. commas were sometimes not enough. However, there were more mundane rumors about Mayakovsky's "ladder". Some were convinced that the poet "broke" the lines only in order to increase his fee for the publication of poems, since each line of the work was charged.
you imagine
Parisian women
with a pearly neck,
with a diamond hand.
Stop imagining!
A life -
tougher -
at my Parisian
kind of different .
After 1917, the creation of a socialist myth about the world order (the play Mystery Buff, 1918, the poems 150,000,000, 1921, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, 1924, Good!, 1927) and the tragically growing sense of its depravity (from the poem ", 1922, before the play "Bath", 1929)
"The time of rallies and meetings" is the most conducive to the victorious procession from the stage to the people. At this time, the country is still united in anticipation of the world revolution, the fall of all states and the era of universal justice. Many researchers of Mayakovsky argue that in the mid-1920s he began to become disillusioned with the realities of the socialist system, although he continued to create poems imbued with official cheerfulness, including those dedicated to collectivization, until his last days.
The poet is too wide, "it would be necessary to narrow it down." They tried in vain to narrow Mayakovsky. For some, he is a great lyricist. For other tribunes, the poet of the revolution. For Lenin, first of all, a good satirist. For Stalin - a huge poet ...
Cinema
In 1918, Mayakovsky wrote the screenplay for the film Born Not for Money, based on Jack London's novel Martin Eden. The poet himself played the main role - Ivan Nova. Unfortunately, no copies of this film have survived.
Also in 1918, Mayakovsky starred in leading role in the experimental film "The Young Lady and the Hooligan", staged according to a script written by Mayakovsky himself. After 50 years, the script did not remain forgotten - in 1970, a television film-ballet "The Young Lady and the Hooligan" was released based on the 1918 script.
Critics about Mayakovsky.
“There is hardly another example in history of a person who has gone so far in a new experience, at the hour he himself predicted, when this experience, albeit at the cost of inconvenience, would become so urgently needed, would so completely abandon it. His place in the revolution, outwardly so logical, inwardly so forced and empty, will forever remain a mystery to me ... "Boris Pasternak from the story "Certificate of Conduct"
“... Speaking about this poet, Mayakovsky, we will have to remember not only about the century, we will constantly have to remember for a century to come. This vacancy: the world's first poet of the masses - will not be filled so soon. And we, and maybe our grandchildren, will have to turn to Mayakovsky not back, but forward.M. Tsvetaeva (From the article "The Poet and Time")
"... With his quick feet, Mayakovsky walked far beyond our modern times and somewhere, around some turn, he will be waiting for us for a long time."M. Tsvetaeva (From the article “Epos and Lyrics modern Russia»)
“I tried to write music to Mayakovsky's verses, but it turned out to be very difficult, somehow it didn't work out. I must say that it is very difficult to set Mayakovsky's poems to music, it is especially difficult for me to do this, since Mayakovsky's reading still sounds in my ears and I would like Mayakovsky's intonation, reading his poems, to find a place in music.D. Shostakovich (From the book "Mayakovsky in the memoirs of contemporaries")
Lecture. The main themes of V. Mayakovsky's lyrics.
V. V. Mayakovsky began his creative activity in a difficult historical era, the era of wars and revolutions, the era of the destruction of the old system and the creation of a new one. These stormy historical events could not but be reflected in the work of the poet.
The poet's work can be divided into two stages: pre-revolutionary (before 1917) and post-revolutionary (after 1917).
Allpre-revolutionary creativity
the poet is associated with the aesthetics of futurism, which proclaimed new approach to art and poetry. In the "Manifesto" of the Futurists, the following principles of creativity were proclaimed: rejection of old rules, norms, dogmas; poetry, the invention of "abstruse language"; experiment in the field of language at all levels (sound, syllable, word); selection of special topics (urban, the theme of glorifying the achievements of civilization). V. V. Mayakovsky follows these principles at the beginning of his career.
Main topics
his poetry at this stage are: the theme of the city, the theme of the denial of the bourgeois way of life, the theme of love and loneliness.
The Personality and the Crowdindividualistic motive early creativity. Before us is the image of a single lyrical hero - he is always in the dynamics of psychological states, all the time different. But being completely alone in this city, he is still part of it.
The main feelings of the lyrical hero are suffering and pain.
city theme
( “Hell of the city”, “Night”, “Noises, noises, noises”, “Could you?”)
The theme of the city occupies a prominent place in his work. In general, the poet loves the city, recognizes its scientific and technological achievements, but sometimes the city frightens the poet, conjuring up terrible images in his imagination. So, the very name of the poem “Hell of the City” shocks the reader:
Hell of a city windows smashed
into tiny, sucking hells.
But in another poem, “Night,” we see a picture of a city at night: bright, colorful, festive from advertising lights. The poet describes the night city as an artist, choosing interesting metaphors, unusual comparisons, adding bright colors (crimson, white, green, black, yellow). We do not even immediately realize that we have an image of a house with lit windows, street lamps illuminating the road, night neon advertising:
Crimson and white discarded and crumpled,
Handfuls of ducats were thrown into the green,
And the black palms of the runaway windows
Burning yellow cards were dealt.
Mayakovsky’s city is either hissing and ringing, as in the poem “Shumiki, noises, noises”, then mysterious and romantic, as in the poem “Could you?”:
On the scales of a tin fish
I read the calls of new lips,
Could you play the nocturne?
on the drainpipe flute?
"Hell of the city"
Hell of a city windows smashed
on tiny adk_i_, sucking with lights.
Red devils, cars heaving
above the ear exploding beeps.
And there, under the signboard, where the herring from Kerch -
downed old man fumbled glasses
and wept when in the evening tornado
the tram with a run shot up the pupils.
In the holes of skyscrapers where the ore burned
and iron trains piled laz -
shouted the airplane and fell there,
where the eye of the wounded sun leaked out.
And then already - crumpling the lanterns of the blanket -
the night fell in love, obscene and drunk,
and behind the suns of the streets hobbled somewhere
useless, flabby moon.
What is the theme of the poem and where is it stated?
Does the title of the poem reflect only the theme?
Which artistic medium used in the title? What is the word formation?
Find metaphors in the text that reveal the essence of the metaphor of the title.
What are they transmitting?
(The offensive of the city, man-made aggression.)
What is the role of the image of the “old man”? What is the meaning of the suffix in this word?
(The theme of the little man is revealed in a new way. He evokes both pity and contempt.)
What natural phenomenon is depicted in the last lines of the poem? What style vocabulary is used to create this image?
(Sunset. Rough language is used.)
What traditional poetic symbol does the poet use?(Moon.) What epithets define it?
Why, in your opinion, does the poet completely deny the classical tradition of depicting nature?
How do futurists see the world?
Conclusion: the world of the city overwhelms a person, it is vulgar, anti-aesthetic and terrible. And what is the man of this new world? Who is his “Adam and Eve”?
Sample Analysis Poems "Hell of the City"
In this city, everything is in constant motion, creating confusion, frightening people with movements and sharp sounds. Even things come to life, rather, become humanized, as they acquire human features in appearance. It's hard to namepersonification - a technique that also traditionally endows inanimate objects with the features of animate ones. Mayakovsky, like other futurists, did not like existing language. But if A. Kruchenykh and V. Khlebnikov invented a “transrational” language, experimented with the form and sound of words, then Mayakovsky found the source of word creation in derivative words, that is, formed from those already existing in the language.
It is noteworthy that the phantasmagoria created in this poem arises, in fact, through the use ofmetaphors . Expanded metaphor"hell of the city" gives rise to derivatives: one big city"hell" windows break into"tiny, light-sucking hells" (indeed, a separate family is hiding behind the window, whose life sometimes resembles hell), cars become devils, and the horizon is similar to the entrance to hell, because there"an eye was leaking from the wounded sun" . So the metaphor allows the poet to associate the most unexpected things and concepts, restoring the lost integrity of the universe.
The city with its technical progress becomes dangerous for a person, because it constantly"beeps burst in just above the ear" , "ore burns in the holes of a skyscraper" , a"the iron of the trains piles up the manhole" . used herealliteration , i.e., the repetition of explosive sounds, conveys the real cacophony of the city, which does not allow a person to feel safe.
Even traditional romanticsymbols the night and the moon do not carry the former halo of mystery. After all, it was under the cover of night and with the evidence of the moon that the meetings of lovers always took place. Mayakovsky's night is more like a street girl - she"fell in love, obscene and drunk" , yes and"flabby moon" no one needs it because it was replaced"suns of the streets" - lanterns.
It turns out that the poet emphasizes the triumph of civilization over nature. Obviously, he himself was far from unambiguous about this, because it is very difficult to call the pictorial means he chose artistic.
Loneliness Theme
(“Violin and a little nervous”, “Me”, “Giveaway”, “Listen! ”)
The theme of the city echoes and even follows from it the theme of loneliness. The lyrical hero of Mayakovsky's early lyrics is lonely in this city, no one hears him, no one understands him, they laugh at him, they condemn him (“Violin and a little nervously”, “I”). In the poem "Giveaway", the poet says that he is ready to give everything in the world for "a single word, affectionate, human." What caused such a tragic worldview?
Reading and analysis of the poem "Listen!"
Listen!
After all, if the stars are lit -
So - someone wants them to be?
So - someone calls these spittles
pearl?
And, tearing up
in blizzards of midday dust,
rushes to god
afraid of being late
crying
kisses his sinewy hand,
asks -
to have a star! -
swears -
will not endure this starless torment!
And then
walks anxious,
but calm on the outside.
Says to someone:
"Are you okay now?
Not scary?
Yes?!"
Listen!
After all, if the stars
ignite -
Does that mean anyone needs it?
So, it is necessary
so that every evening
over the rooftops
What is the meaning of the name? How many times is the word "Listen!" repeated?
The poem begins with a request addressed to people: "Listen!" With such an exclamation, each of us very often interrupts his speech, hoping to be heard and understood.
The lyrical hero of the poem does not just pronounce, but "exhales" this word, desperately trying to draw the attention of people living on Earth to the problem that concerns him.
Some people think that V.M. you have to scream, tearing your vocal cords. He has poems for "squares". But in the early poems, intonations of confidence and intimacy prevail. It is felt that the poet only wants to appear formidable, bold, self-confident. But in fact he is not like that. On the contrary, Mayakovsky is lonely and restless, and his soul yearns for friendship, love, and understanding. The poem "Listen!" - the cry of the poet's soul.
-
What is the main tone of the poem?
The intonation of the poem is not angry, accusatory, but confessional, trusting, timid and uncertain. The whole structure of speech in the poem "Listen!" exactly the same as when there is a heated discussion, polemics, when you are not understood, and you are frantically looking for arguments, convincing arguments and hoping: they will understand, they will understand. Here only it is necessary to explain properly, to find the most important and precise expressions. And the lyrical hero finds them.
The intensity of passions, emotions experienced by our hero becomes so strong that otherwise they cannot be expressed as soon as this multi-valued capacious word - "Yes ?!", addressed to someone who understands and supports. It contains concern, and care, and empathy, and hope .....
If the lyrical hero did not have any hope of understanding at all, he would not convince, exhort, or worry like that ... The last stanza of the poem begins in the same way as the first, with the same word. But the author's thought in it develops in a completely different way, more optimistic, life-affirming compared to how it is expressed in the first stanza. The last sentence is interrogative. But, in essence, it is affirmative. After all, this is a rhetorical question, the answer is not required.
We can say that the voices of the author and his hero often merge completely and it is impossible to separate them. The expressed thoughts and the feelings of the hero that have burst out and burst out undeniably excite the poet himself. It is easy to catch notes of anxiety in them ("alarming walks"), confusion.
- What is the composition of the poem? How many parts can be distinguished in a poem?
Compositionally a poemconsists of three parts
, different both in form, and in rhythm, and in emotional impact.In the first part
the poet addresses the readers, indicates the problem: “So, does anyone need this?” Presence is felt from the first line higher powers that "light up" the stars. Mayakovsky raises the problem of God, predestination, because the "pearls" do not appear on their own over the roofs of houses, but by the will of someone who is above all people.
In the second part
an emotional picture is shown of how the lyrical hero "rushes to God", in desperation asks him:
to have a star! -
swears -
will not endure this starless torment!
Having received a “star” from God, that is, a dream, the hero finds peace and tranquility. He is no longer afraid of anything, and his life is now not empty and meaningless. This part is a kind of prayer addressed to God. Moreover, God here is not a spiritualized higher essence, but quite real person with sinewy hands, and, it seemed to me, kind eyes. However, this is where the description of God ends, we will not know anything more about him. Just one detail that Mayakovsky singled out - hands - and how much they can tell! God is always ready to give a saving hand of help, you just need to really want it.
The third part
the poem sounds like a conclusion, like a statement, despite two question marks, to which an exclamation mark is added, which was not at the beginning of the work. The lyrical hero, who has found his star, no longer asks, but claims:
So, it is necessary
so that every evening
over the rooftops
lit up at least one star ?!
Describe the lyrical hero of the poem.How do you see the lyrical hero of the work?
The lyrical hero of the poem "Listen!" and there is that "someone" for whom life on Earth is unthinkable without a starry sky. He rushes about, suffers from loneliness, misunderstanding, but does not reconcile with him. His despair is so great that he simply cannot endure "this starless torment." In the poem, one canthree "acting" persons
: lyrical hero, God and "someone". These "someone" are people, all of humanity, to which the poet addresses. Everyone treats “stars” differently: for some they are “spittles”, for others they are “pearls”, but, undoubtedly, their light is necessary.
The lyrical hero of the poem does not just pronounce, but, I would say, “exhales” this word, desperately trying to draw the attention of people living on Earth to the problem that concerns him. This is not a complaint about "indifferent nature", this is a complaint about human indifference. The poet, as it were, argues with an imaginary opponent, a narrow-minded and mundane person, an inhabitant, a tradesman, convincing him that one cannot put up with indifference, loneliness, grief. After all, people are born to be happy.
- See what the lyric hero does to see God.
Lyrical heroPoems "Listen!" and there is that “someone” for whom life on Earth is unthinkable without a starry sky. He rushes about, suffers from loneliness, misunderstanding, but does not reconcile with him.
And, tearing up
In blizzards of midday dust,
Rushing to God
Afraid of being late
Crying...
The despair is so great that he simply cannot bear "this starless torment."
- Why does God have a sinewy hand, and why is nothing visible except for this detail?
The face is not visible, because God cannot be seen by a mere mortal. A sinewy hand is the hand of a worker. The Lord created everything in 6 days.Of great importance in the system of visual and expressive means in V.M. has detail. The portrait characteristic of God consists of only one single detail - he has a "veiny hand." The epithet “wiry” is so lively, emotional, visible, sensual that you seem to see this hand, you feel the pulsating blood in its veins.
What are the language features of the work?
Every word in the poem is expressive, emotional, expressive. All the pictures described literally appear before our eyes: a “visit” to God, stars in the sky, roofs of houses ... The poem seems to be inspired, it is airy and sincere, close to the reader. Perhaps due to the fact that Mayakovsky does not use any pronouns other than “someone”, you seem to feel yourself in the place of a lyrical hero, you feel the wind of “midday dust”, tears in your eyes and inner anxiety. The poem is very rhythmic, which is inherent in Mayakovsky. A play on words, a transition from one to another, accents achieved through the use of punctuation marks - all this creates a unique emotional mood, an inner strain.The whole structure of speech in the poem "Listen!" exactly the same as when there is a heated discussion, polemics, when you are not understood, and you are frantically looking for arguments, convincing arguments and hoping: they will understand, they will understand. Here only it is necessary to explain properly, to find the most important and precise expressions. And the lyrical hero finds them.
- What features of Mayakovsky's rhyme can be traced in this poem?
Arranging the poems with a "ladder", he ensured that each word becomes significant, weighty. Rhyme V.M. - unusual, it is, as it were, "internal", the alternation of syllables is not obvious, not obvious - this is blank verse. And how expressive is the rhythm of his poems! It seems to me that rhythm is the most important thing in Mayakovsky's poetry, first it is born, and then a thought, an idea, an image. And the use of his famous ladder helps the reader to correctly place all the accents that seem to the poet the most important. And then ... Further, it seems to me, in a very unusual antithesis, in the words antonyms (they are antonyms only in V.M., in our usual, commonly used lexicon, these are far from antonyms) very important things are contrasted. We are talking about the sky, about the stars, about the universe. But for one star "spitting", and for another - "pearl".
- What figurative and expressive means can be distinguished in this work?
The first two sentences are interrogative, then the third is interrogative and exclamatory at the same time. The intensity of passions, emotions experienced by our hero is so strong that otherwise they cannot be expressed as soon as this multi-meaning capacious word - “Yes ?!” addressed to someone who understands and supports. It contains concern, and care, and empathy, and participation, and love ... I'm not alone, someone else thinks the same way as I do, feels the same way, rooting for this world, the sky, the Universe with all my soul, everyone heart. If the lyrical hero did not have any hope of understanding at all, he would not convince, exhort, or worry like that. The last stanza of the poem (there are three in total) begins in the same way as the first, with the same word. But the author's thought in it develops in a completely different way, more optimistic, life-affirming compared to how it is expressed in the first stanza. The last sentence is interrogative. But, in essence, it is affirmative. After all, this is a rhetorical question, the answer is not required.
gradation - a number of verbs: "breaks in", "cries", "asks", "swears"
Epithet - sinewy hand
Antithesis . It seems to me that in a very unusual antithesis, in the words antonyms (they are antonyms only in V.M., in our usual, commonly used lexicon, these are far from antonyms), very important things are contrasted. We are talking about the sky, about the stars, about the universe. But for one star "spitting", and for another - "pearl".
Anaphora - repetition of the word "means" Rhetorical question
Conclusion: Mayakovsky's poem "Listen!" devoted to the theme of the meaning of human life. But the poet does not talk about what you need to dream about and what to strive for, but about the fact that each of us should have a dream for which it is worth living. Mayakovsky calls this goal, the meaning of life, faith in tomorrow a “star”, lit by “someone” and needed by “someone”."Listen!" - a kind of appeal to people, but not loud and pretentious, as is usually the case with Mayakovsky. This is a request to stop for a moment, rise for a while above the world of “midday dust” and look at the sky, at the stars, think about what justifies our every step on earth and who came up with all this.The main idea of the poem is that in the life of every person a star should light up. Without an idea, without a goal, it is impossible to exist in this world, “starless torment” begins, when everything you do is meaningless, empty. It is not enough for a man to simply live. Greet each morning with a smile, move towards something bigger and better, give love and joy to others - such is life marked by "stars".
Love Theme
(“Lilichka (instead of a letter)”, poem “A cloud in pants”,“ Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva”)
Love lyrics run like a red thread through all of Mayakovsky's poetry, touching on the most important theme of his work: the collision of the giant's feelings with worldly life, which turns out to be mortally dangerous for them. Lilya Brik remained the main muse and irritant of the poet until the end of his life - his love closed on her. He dedicated to her the pre-revolutionary poem "A Cloud in Pants", written about an early feeling for a completely different woman; to Leela his poem "I Love"; the poem "About this" is another, gloomy milestone in their relationship.
In the poem “Lilichka (instead of a letter)” and the poem “A cloud in pants”, the motive of unrequited love is the leading one.
Tomorrow you will forget that I crowned you
Let the last tenderness cover your outgoing step .
In these works, the lyrical hero appears as a gentle and very vulnerable person, not a man, but a “cloud in his pants”. But he is rejected, and he turns into an awakened volcano. The poem “A cloud in pants” shows the transformation of a huge love into a huge hatred for everyone and everything. Disappointed in love, the hero emits four cries of “down”:
Down with your love!
Down with your art!
Down with your state!
Down with your religion!
Reading and analysis of the poem "Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva".
in a kiss whether hands,
lips,
in body tremors
close to me
red
Colour
my republics
too
should
blaze.
I dont like
Parisian love:
any female
decorate with silk
stretching, dozing,
saying -
tubo -
dogs
ferocious passion.
You are the only one for me
straight growth,
get close
with an eyebrow,
give
about this
important evening
tell
more human.
Five hours,
and from now on
verse
of people
dense forest,
extinct
populated city,
I hear only
whistle dispute
trains to Barcelona.
In the black sky
lightning step,
thunder
ugly
in heavenly drama -
not a thunderstorm
and this
simply
jealousy moves mountains.
stupid words
don't trust raw materials
don't get confused
this shaking,
I bridle
I will humble
feelings
offspring of the nobility.
passion measles
come down with a scab,
but joy
inexhaustible
I'll be long
I'll just
I speak in verse.
Jealousy,
wives,
tears...
well them! -
swollen eyelids,
fit Viu.
I'm not myself
and I
jealous
for Soviet Russia.
Saw
on the shoulders of the patch,
them
consumption
licks with a sigh.
What,
we are not to blame
hundred million
was bad.
We
now
so tender -
sports
straighten not many, -
you and us
needed in Moscow
lacks
leggy.
Not for you,
in the snow
and in typhoid
walking
with these legs
here
for caresses
give them away
in dinners
with the oilmen.
Don't you think
just squinting
from under straightened arcs.
Go here,
go to the crossroads
my big
and clumsy hands.
Do not want?
Stay and winter
and this
insult
we will lower it to the general account.
I don't care
you
someday I'll take
one
or together with Paris.
The revolution and the social order determined the nature of Mayakovsky's poetry.
Lyrics of Mayakovsky: personal - public - topical. Let's reveal these features in the poem "Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva".
1. Describe two types of love in the poem.
(l the love of the lyrical hero is love, combined with personal feeling and devotion to the USSR. The second type of love is petty-bourgeois, carnal love, which does not carry any value in itself)
2. How is Mayakovsky's value of love transformed?
(c The value of love is measured, first of all, by the attitude towards the USSR. Love for the "red flag of my republics" is always above all other feelings of the lyrical hero)
3. Fill in the diagram, identify three features of Mayakovsky's lyrics using this poem as an example.
"Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva":
Personal - public - topical
(love) - (political situation) - (emigration)
Conclusion: in the poem, the theme of love also cannot get a happy resolution. The lyrical hero again connects his hopes with the future. The personal and the social are intertwined:I'm not myself, but I'm jealous of Soviet Russia . An intimate conversation about a feeling that binds only lovers turns into a conversation about the happiness of "one hundred million": a preference for lyrical self-expression is the assertion of one's own position, one's idea of the world, a person's place in it, about human happiness.
The theme of the denial of the bourgeois way of life .
(“Nate!”, “To you!”)
Suffering from unrequited love turns into hatred for that world and that system where everything is bought and sold. Therefore, the main theme of such poems as “Nate!”, “To you!” Is the theme of the denial of the bourgeois way of life. Mayakovsky mocks the well-fed public, who came for fun to listen to the verses of the fashionable poet:
The poet despises the crowd, which does not understand anything in poetry, which “on the butterfly of a poetic heart” will perch in “galoshes and without galoshes”. But in response to this well-fed indifference, the hero is ready to spit at the crowd, insult it, in order to express his contempt.
Oh, how I want to embarrass their cheerfulness
And boldly throw an iron verse in their faces,
Filled with bitterness and anger.
Reading and analysis of the poem "Nate!".
An hour from here to a clean lane
your flabby fat will flow out over a person,
and I opened so many verses of caskets for you,
I am a wast and a spender of priceless words.
Here you are, man, you have cabbage in your mustache
somewhere half-finished, half-eaten cabbage soup;
here you are, a woman, whitened thickly on you,
you look like an oyster from the shells of things.
All of you on the butterfly of a poetic heart
pile up, dirty, in galoshes and without galoshes.
The crowd will go wild, will rub,
bristle legs hundred-headed louse.
And if today I, a rude Hun,
I don’t want to grimace in front of you - and now
I will laugh and spit joyfully,
spit in your face
I am a priceless spender and spender.
1. "Nate!" - a poetic challenge or a manifesto?
(with on the one hand, a challenge, because the poet opposes himself to the vulgar society, on the other hand, the manifesto, because. the poet declares his concept of poetry and the world)
2. Highlight the opposition. On what basis are they opposed?
(P oet and the crowd, the vulgarity of the crowd and the "cordiality" of the poet)
3. Remember the tradition of opposing the poet and the crowd in Russian literature. (A.S. Pushkin "Prophet", "Echo", "Conversation of a bookseller with a poet", Yu.M. Lermontov, A.A. Blok)
4. How does the poet feel in existing world?
(with the state of the poet is proud loneliness, conscious protection of himself from the vulgar world of the townsfolk).
Conclusion: Mayakovsky hates the bourgeois-philistine crowd, which came to the evening of poets in search of sharp entertainment, denounces its ugliness, vulgarity, stupidity. This multi-headed crowd, merging in the poet's view into a solid faceless mass of fat, is hostile to his democratic worldview. Mayakovsky is aware that, addressing this crowd with poetry, he is uselessly wasting the most precious thing for him - the poetic word. A man with the remnants of dinner in his mustache, a heavily whitewashed woman peeping out of her outfits like a shapeless oyster from a shell - all these fat, soulless townsfolk are ready, out of idle curiosity, to trample the poet’s tender, like a butterfly, heart (“... on the butterfly of a poetic heart pile up, dirty, in galoshes and without galoshes ... "). And they, these inhabitants, consider themselves culturally refined, and declare Mayakovsky's poetry rude, barbaric! All the better! He does not intend to please their vulgar taste: he openly, right in their face, throws his verse, full of anger and contempt.
ATpost-revolutionary period new themes appear in Mayakovsky's work: revolutionary, civil-patriotic, anti-philistine.
Revolution Theme .
("Ode to the Revolution","Left March""Our March")
The poet wholeheartedly accepted the revolution, he hoped to change this world for the better, so he worked a lot in the ROSTA windows, agitating for the revolution. He creates a lot of campaign posters, simply put, advertisements:
proletarian, proletarian,
Enter the planetarium.
Mayakovsky hates and despises inaction, passivity. “Rush into tomorrow, forward!” - that's his slogan. For the poet, revolution personifies movement, activity: Our god is running, Our heart is a drum. He thought that the revolution could be carried out purely mechanically, the main thing was to launch its monstrous Machine to its fullest. The task seemed simple to him: there is an enemy, the bearer of evil - the bourgeois, there is a goal - to destroy the enemy, there are means - bullets and bayonets.
But the revolution died down old world was destroyed, and the same venality, bribery, and bureaucracy again reigned in society. It turned out that the revolution, no matter how destructive it was, is not capable of killing the evil that lives not in external reality, but inside, in the heart of man.
In "Ode to the Revolution" Mayakovsky understands the destructive power of the revolution for the common people, he is disappointed, but he cannot help but admire her as a poet: “To you the philistine - oh, be damned three times! - and mine, poetically - oh, four times be glorified, blessed!"
Reading and analysis of the poem "Left March".
What does Mayakovsky reject and affirm in a poem, how does he achieve his poetic task?
What is the basis for the composition of the poem? (Antithesis: the old world, which is defended by the Entente and the counter-revolution, and revolutionary Russia).
Who is the main character of the poem? (Sailors are a collective hero. They are distinguished by fighting spirit, inner strength, discipline and organization).
How is the main image created? (With the help of the refrain "Left", the marching rhythm of the poem, rhetorical questions and exclamations).
What place does the traditional image - the lyrical hero - occupy in the composition of the poem? (After the students' answers, the teacher's comment is required.
The new poetry is of a special kind. Its essence is as an experience. The author does not express individual feelings, but thoughts and feelings that govern many. The fate of one person is correlated with the fate of the people).
The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe poem “Left March” was definitely felt by A. Deineka, creating a picture with the same name. What is this idea?
(The painting “Left March” fully reflects the idea of Mayakovsky’s poem. In the foreground we see clearly traced figures of sailors illuminated by the sun. They are made in light colors, which underlines their aspiration to a wonderful future. The sailors simultaneously take a step forward as a whole, like Mayakovsky's "we" instead of a separate "I". The background, where they come from, is depicted a little blurry. The figures of sailors and soldiers in the foreground, thanks to brightly painted red flags, are clearly opposed to the background of the picture, which is consonant with the composition of Mayakovsky's poem. We clearly understand that these people are starting new stage in the life of the country).
Conclusion: poetry is socially useful work. V. Mayakovsky subordinates his creativity to the cause of the reorganization of society.
Themes anti-bourgeois and anti-bureaucratic.
(“Protsessed”, “About rubbish”)
Many poems of this period are devoted to anti-bourgeois and anti-bureaucratic themes. In the poem “The Sitting Ones,” Mayakovsky ridicules all sorts of bureaucratic institutions (“a-b-c-d-e-g-s-coma”) that appeared like mushrooms after rain in the first years of Soviet power. And in the poem “On Rubbish,” the little canary becomes a symbol of the new Soviet philistinism, and an appeal is born: “turn the heads of canaries - so that communism is not beaten by canaries!”
Reading and analysis of the poem "Seated".
A little night will turn into dawn,
below every day I:
who's in charge
who's in whom
who is in politics
Who is in the light
the people disperse into institutions.
Rain on paper things
as soon as you enter the building:
10 having selected from fifty -
Most important! -
employees go to meetings.
You will apply:
"Can't they give an audience?
I've been going since _o_na time. "-
"Comrade Ivan Vanych left to sit -
union of Theo and Hukon".
You will climb a hundred stairs.
The world is not nice.
20 Again:
"An hour later they told you to come.
Sitting:
buying a bottle of ink
Sponge cooperative".
In one hour:
no secretary
no secretary
naked!
All under 22 years old
30 at a meeting of the Komsomol.
Climbing up again looking at the night
on the top floor of a seven-story building.
"Did Comrade Ivan Vanych come?" -
"At a meeting
A-be-ve-ge-de-e-zhe-ze-coma".
furious,
to the meeting
burst into an avalanche
wild curses dear pitted.
40 And I see:
half of the people are sitting.
O devilry!
Where is the other half?
"Slaughtered!
Killed!"
I'm dreaming, yell.
From the terrible picture went crazy mind.
And I hear
the calmest voice of the secretary:
50 "One is in two meetings at once.
In a day
meetings for twenty
we need to hurry up.
Inevitably, you have to split up.
To the waist here
but other
there".
You won't fall asleep with excitement.
early morning,
60 I meet the early dawn with a dream:
"Oh, at least
more
one meeting
concerning the eradication of all meetings!"
Absurd hyperbole - merciless irony, turning into open exaggeration. (This expression was introduced into literature by Mayakovsky).
-What was the target for VV Mayakovsky's satire in this poem?
- Prove that this poem is a work of satire.
(denounces social and human vices)
- On whose behalf is the story being told?
(a person who own experience had to experience bureaucratic red tape, he looks like the author, but this is not the poet himself, but the lyrical hero)
- What means of creating satirical images does the author use?
(irony, hyperbole, grotesque)
- Describe Mayakovsky's laughter in this poem.
(evil, merciless, negative)
- Analyze the structure of the name.
(prefix PRO + suffix СЯ = ironic connotation, emphasizes the prevalence and complete senselessness of bureaucratic red tape and fuss; cf. stealing, lived through).
- In what did Mayakovsky see the danger of bureaucracy?
(he turns into soullessness, the desire to depersonalize everyone - the elusive Ivan Vanych, a faceless secretary)
Conclusion: In the poem "The Sitting Ones" there is a satire on the "multiplied" bureaucracy in the country. The satirical effect of the work grows gradually. At the beginning of the poem, there is little that portends a satirical sound: we learn that every morning the poet sees how "the people disperse into institutions."
The poem is written on behalf of a petitioner who, like a bewitched one, walks through all the instances, but in no way can get any sense. Finally, he bursts into the meeting room and sees a terrible picture: "half people" work there. With the help of fiction and the grotesque, V. V. Mayakovsky shows that officials have long turned into dead men, machines that mechanically perform their duties. For the poet, bureaucracy means the power of an instruction, a simple piece of paper that is used to the detriment of a living cause.
Thus, in the satire of V. V. Mayakovsky, one always feels the social ideal for which the poet is fighting, and the evil against which it is directed is clearly defined.
An exemplary analysis of the poem "Prosessed".
Bygenre this is a feuilleton in poetic form, because it depicts a generalizing phenomenon - the habit of sitting for a long time. Hence the name - "Protsesseduschiesya". This isauthor's neologism , because the verb "to sit" in the Russian language is not, but the reader can easily find an analogy with the words "lose", "squander", denoting the highest degree of action that does not lead to anything good. Thus, the title of the poem determines not only the theme, but also the attitude of the author towards it.
The poem hasplot : the hero is trying to get an appointment with Ivan Vanych (the generalized name of an unknown boss), but he, along with his employees, continuously sits. The ordeal of the hero lasts a whole day: from the moment when "a little night turns into dawn" until the time at which the hero meets the "early dawn". Certainly,hyperbole, exaggeration, becomes the main satirical means. So, there are so many “paper cases” that they “rain”, and even the most important ones - “from fifty”.
Therefore, so many meetings have to be held, and the reasons for them are either trifling (for example, “purchasing a bottle of ink by the Gubkooperativ”), or ridiculous, absurd - “Theo’s association with Gukon”, that is, the Theater Department of the Main Political Education Department with the Main Directorate of Horse Breeding. If these organizations actually existed, then to convey the variety of obscure names of institutions, the author usesironic designations :
Who's in charge
who's in whom
who is in politics
who is in the gap, the people disperse into institutions.
And it sounds really sarcastic.unintelligible abbreviation , which includes almost the entire alphabet: “A-be-ve-ge-de-e-zhe-ze-kom”. Thus, ridiculing meaningless abbreviations, Mayakovsky usespun , which is a play on words.
The last scene looksgrotesquely : here the exaggeration reaches fantastic proportions: the hero sees how "half of the people are sitting", because
Inevitably, you have to split up!
To the waist here
But other
There.
Of course, this image arose on the basis of the well-known colloquial expression: “Am I supposed to break in two?” In fact, Mayakovsky uses this expression literally, achieving a satirical effect. Suchrethinking of famous proverbs and sayings characteristic of Mayakovsky's work.
Very important for evaluating events and changes in the mood of the lyrical hero. If at first he speaks with restraint, with a certain degree of irony: “Can’t they give an audience?”, Since he’s already been walking “from the time she is”, then his nerves give out and he, “enraged, bursts into the meeting with an avalanche, wild curses dear spewing." And from the sight of those who were torn apart, his “mind went crazy”, and now he is dreaming, it would seem, of an unrealizable:
Oh at least
more
one meeting
concerning the eradication of all meetings!
Here Mayakovsky parodiesstationery style . The hero's dream, therefore, is also hyperbolic, but it becomes clear to the reader that this deliberative red tape must be stopped forever.
The theme of patriotism.
(“Poems about a Soviet passport”, “To Comrade Netta, a man and a ship”, “The story of Comrade Khrenov.”)
Mayakovsky's lyrics depict the structure of thoughts and feelings of a new man - the builder of a socialist society. The theme of patriotism, the heroism of socialist construction, the superiority of the socialist system over the capitalist one, the struggle for peace, the strengthening of the country's defense might, the place of the poet and poetry in the working order, the struggle against the remnants of the past, etc. Merged together, they recreate the majestic image of a Soviet man who passionately loves his homeland, devoted to the ideas of the revolution and the people. The poet's openness, citizenship, his desire to show the "nature and flesh" of communism, to ignite everyone with the desire to "think, dare, want, dare" are very dear. In the name of the revolution, Mayakovsky creates an extraordinary oratorical structure of verse, which raised, called, demanded to go forward.
The lyrical hero of Mayakovsky is a fighter for universal happiness. And no matter what the most important event of our time the poet responded to, he always remained a deeply lyrical poet and affirmed a new understanding of the lyrics, in which the moods of a Soviet person merge with the feelings of the entire Soviet people. The heroes of Mayakovsky are ordinary, but at the same time amazing people ("The Story of Kuznetskstroy").
In “Poems about the Soviet Passport,” the author touches on two topics at once: anti-bureaucracy and patriotism. But the main theme of this poem, no doubt, is the theme of patriotism. The lyrical hero is proud of his country, conducting an unprecedented experiment, building a new society:
Read, envy!
I am a citizen of the Soviet Union!
Patriotic lyrics can also include such poems as “To Comrade Netta, a Man and a Steamboat”, “The Story of Comrade Khrenov.”. Last poem is a hymn to the working man:
I know the city will
I believe - the garden is blooming,
When such people
In the Soviet Country there is.
Reading and analysis of the poem
I suddenly shuddered.
Not an afterthought.
to the port,
burning,
like melted summer
unfolded
and entered
comrade "Theodore
Nette".
It is he.
I recognize him.
In saucers - life buoy goggles.
- Hello, Nette!
I'm glad you're alive
smoky life of pipes,
ropes
and hooks.
Come here!
Are you not small?
from Batum,
tea boiled with cauldrons ...
Do you remember, Nette, -
while being human
you drank tea
with me in a deep cup?
You hesitated.
Dormouse snored.
Eye
mowing
in sealing wax,
all the way
chatting about Romko Jacobson
and sweated funny
teaching poetry.
Fell asleep in the morning.
trigger
I lifted my finger...
Suntesya -
who wants!
Did you think
that in a year
I will meet
with you -
with a steamer.
Behind the stern of the moon.
Well, great!
lay down
tearing open spaces in two.
As if forever
behind you
from the battle of the bellhop
trailing the hero's trail
bright and bloody.
To communism from a book
believe average.
"You never know
what is possible
grind in a book!"
And such -
revive suddenly "nonsense"
and show
communism
nature and flesh.
We are living,
squeezed
iron oath.
For her -
to the cross
and scratch the bullet:
This -
to the world
without Russia,
without Latvia,
live together
human hostel.
In our veins -
blood, not water.
We are walking
through the revolver bark,