What should be the distance between the lampposts? City lamppost.

If it becomes necessary to connect the object to the power supply, the owner of this object must contact the local power supply organization, having previously learned what documents are needed to process the appeal. If the issue is resolved positively, the owner is given technical conditions, which lists all the technical measures that are necessary for connection. If at the same time it is required to install an electric pole (intermediate support), the place where the installation should be made, the height that the support and other details should have, must be prescribed in the technical specifications. So, the approval stage has been passed, the Technical Conditions have been received, which require the installation of an additional support. This work You can entrust a specialized organization if you are satisfied with the cost of such services. For those who decide to build a support on their own, consider how the installation of an electric pole on the site is carried out in accordance with the current rules and regulations.

Which pole to choose

When choosing the material from which the electric pole is made, practical consideration comes down to three options. This is a support made of wood, metal or concrete. Concrete supports are most durable if they are manufactured in accordance with the technology in the factory. They are not afraid of aggressive components contained in the atmosphere of large cities. Their biggest disadvantage is big weight, which greatly complicates the installation of the support.

Metal supports are assembled from steel elements. They are used in the construction of high voltage transmission lines when required dimensions do not allow the use of concrete. Note that the most affordable and cheapest is a power line support made of wood, which is easy to see when you find out how much such a product made of metal or concrete costs.

A short list of reasons in favor of this material is as follows:

• A wooden electric pole is much cheaper than a metal or concrete pole. Wooden support can be made by hand.
• Wood support is the lightest. Its installation can be quite easily done without the use of lifting equipment, it organically fits into the situation in the country.
• A wooden electric pole, pre-treated with an antiseptic, has a service life that is often not inferior to a concrete support. A support made of low-quality concrete is subject to rapid destruction under the influence of precipitation and temperature changes.

Stages of work

Installing an additional electrical support requires following a certain sequence of actions, which we will discuss below. First of all, let's talk about what requirements apply to the installation of an electric pole on the site. So, it is necessary to carry out the installation in accordance with the current norms and rules, namely:

• the distance from an unprotected wire on a support to balconies and windows should be at least 1.5 meters;
• when flying up to 6 meters, the distance between the conductors should be 10 cm or more, if the span is more than 6 meters, the distance must be increased to 15 cm;
• cable entry into the house must be carried out at a height of at least 2.75 meters;
• above the carriageway, the power line must be located at least 6 meters, above the impassable part - at least 3.5 meters;
• the structures on which the conductors are installed must be made of non-combustible materials (the wooden pole must be impregnated protective composition, non-combustible);
• the distance from uninsulated conductors to a pipeline for any purpose must be at least 1 meter, while if the wire is insulated, the distance is not standardized;
• insulators on supports should be made of porcelain or glass.

As for the technology of installing an intermediate support on the site, it looks like this:

1. In accordance with the issued specifications the place where the electric pole should be installed is selected.
2. Depending on the nature of the soil, a hole is drilled or manually dug into which the support will be installed. If the support is not longer than 10 meters, a sufficient depth of the pit is 120 - 150 cm.
3. In the case when a wooden electric pole is installed directly into the ground, underground part supports are pre-treated with bituminous mastic. When using a concrete stepchild, the latter must be attached to the support before installation is carried out.
4. Next, the support is installed in the prepared pit. The position is controlled by a level and fixed by filling the pit with crushed stone and ramming it.
5. You can finally fix the electric column by filling free space pits with concrete, or limited to stuffing with rubble.

We offer you another option for installing an intermediate wooden support in the country. All that is needed is to make a pole, on one of the ends of which a cross is assembled, measuring 2 * 2 meters. The connection of the cross with the end is carried out in half a tree using galvanized corners. Next, you need to make four jibs, as shown in the photo below. After that, a home-made wooden support is painted over with bituminous mastic to a height of about one and a half meters. The last stage of installation - a cruciform pit breaks out, a pole is installed, leveled by a plumb line or level, and backfilling / tamping the soil.

Installation of wiring in the house

The execution from the supply line to the intermediate tower can be done in several ways:

• bare aluminum wire;
• copper or aluminum cable;
• self-supporting insulated wire(SIP).

In the first option, a traverse with insulators is installed on the electric pole, on which the wires are attached. If the section from the intermediate support to the direct entry into the house is also made with a bare wire, a traverse with insulators must also be installed on the house. Also, in the area between the pole and the house, a cable can be used, which is mounted underground, or over the air using steel cable.

If a cable is used from the overhead line to the intermediate support, there is no need for traverses and insulators, it is enough to install on the overhead line support and our post for the steel cable, on which the cable will be attached.

The third option using SIP wire contains new technologies and has a number of advantages:

• When used, it is not necessary to install a supporting steel cable, as in the case of a cable, since the wire is self-supporting and withstands all installation and operational loads.
• The SIP shell, made of cross-linked polyethylene, successfully resists atmospheric influences, ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes.
• The advantages of SIP over bare wire are obvious - it is reliability and safety.

Now you know how to install an electric pole on the site in accordance with the current rules and regulations. Nevertheless, we do not recommend doing the installation with our own hands, it is better to entrust this matter to specialists, if we are not talking about a wooden intermediate support in the country.

Useful materials

Reinforced concrete poles for power lines used in the installation of overhead power lines (VL and VLI) in settlements and in uninhabited areas. Reinforced concrete supports are made on the basis of standard concrete pillars: SV 95-2V, SV 95-3V, SV110-1A, SV 110-3.5A, SV110-5A.

Reinforced concrete power transmission line poles - classification by purpose

The classification of reinforced concrete poles according to their purpose does not go beyond the types of poles standardized in GOST and SNiP. Read in detail: Types of supports for their intended purpose, but here I will briefly remind you.

Intermediate concrete supports needed to support cables and wires. They are not loaded with longitudinal or angular tension. (marking P10-3, P10-4)

Anchor concrete supports provide retention of wires during their longitudinal tension. Anchor supports must be placed at the intersection of power lines with railways and other natural and engineering barriers.

Angle supports are placed on the turns of the power line route. At small angles (up to 30 °), where the tension load is not large and if there is no change in the cross section of the wires, angular intermediate supports (UP) are placed. At large angles of rotation (more than 30 °), angular anchor supports (UA) are placed. Anchor end supports (A) are placed at the end of the power line. For branches to subscribers, branch anchor supports (OA) are installed.

Marking of concrete supports

It is worth stopping at the marking of the supports. In the previous paragraph, I used the markings for the supports 10-2. I will explain how to read the markings of the supports. Reinforced concrete supports are marked as follows.

• The first two letters indicate the purpose of the support: P (intermediate) UE (angular intermediate), UA (corner anchor), A (anchor-end), OA (branch support), UOA (angular branch anchor).
• The second digit means for which power line the support is intended: the number "10" is a 10 kV power line.
• The third digit after the dash is the size of the support. The number "1" is a support of 10.5 meters, based on the pillar SV-105. The number "2" is a support based on the pillar SV-110. Detailed sizes in the tables at the bottom of the article.

Structures of reinforced concrete supports

Reinforced concrete support structures also do not go beyond standard support structures.

• Guyed portal supports - two parallel supports are held on guy cables;
• Free-standing portal supports with crossbars;
• Free-standing supports;
• Supports with braces.

The use of supports must comply with design calculations. For calculations, various normative tables are used, the volume of which occupies several volumes.

Concrete supports by number of chains held

If the crossbars of the support allow only one EP line to be hooked, it is called single-chain (crossbar on one side). If the crossbar is on both sides, then the support is double-chain. If you can hang many lines of wires, then this is a multi-chain support.

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Installation of concrete supports

The calculation of supports is carried out by SNiP 2.02.01-83 and "Guidelines for the design of power lines and foundations of power lines ...". The calculation is based on deformation and bearing capacity.

To fix intermediate support type P10-3 (4) it is necessary to drill a cylindrical pit with a diameter of 35-40 cm, to a depth of 2000-25000 mm. An installation bolt on such a support is not needed.

Anchor Angle and Anchor Branch Supports, are usually mounted with mounting bolts. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that crossbars can be placed on the lower edge of the support and strut buried in the ground and / or on the upper edge of the support, along the top of the pit. Crossbars provide additional stability of the support. The depth of digging the support depends on the freezing of the soil. Usually 2000-2500 mm.

Grounding of concrete supports

Thanks to the design of the poles, grounding the poles is very convenient. In the racks of the SV supports, in the factory during their manufacture, metal reinforcement 10 mm in diameter is removed from above and below the rack. This reinforcement goes inextricably along the entire length of the rack. It is this reinforcement that serves to ground reinforced concrete supports.

As a rule, the installation of outdoor lighting fixtures, street lamps is carried out on supports specially designed for outdoor lighting. Street lamps must be installed at a certain height in compliance with the rules for performing work and electrical safety requirements. Also, the luminaires can be fixed on the supports of overhead lines up to 1 kV, placed on the supports contact network electric transport, installed on the walls of buildings and structures, masts (including masts of free-standing lightning rods, high-mast supports), technological overpasses, sites of technological installations and chimneys, parapets and fences of bridges and transport overpasses, fixed on metal pins, reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures. Regardless of the location mark, street lamps can be hung on cables, special suspensions mounted on the walls of buildings and street supports, and also installed at ground level and below.

Before we learn the rules on how to install street lights, let's look at the types street lamps. Lantern designs street lighting There are two types: console lights and floor lamps for street lighting. In the first case, street lamps are installed on lighting poles using brackets and the light flow is directed downwards. As a rule, cantilever street lighting lamps are installed along highways and transport roads, in squares, in production and storage areas. In the second case, the outdoor street lamp is mounted on a support from above and the light flow is directed in all directions. As a rule, such street lamps are installed at a low height and are used to illuminate parks, courtyards, pedestrian areas, household plots, and gardens.

What is the height of the lamp post with the street lamp?

The standard height of street lamps, street lighting poles, which can be bought from the "Skhid-budkonstruktsiya" company, is 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 meters. If the height must be higher than usual, then high masts with a searchlight are used. Lighting mast height: up to 22 meters - standard sizes masts, height is more - production by the individual order.

Installation height of PUE lamps

According to the requirements of GOST for outdoor lighting of streets, roads and the "Electrical Installation Rules" (PUE) for the organization of outdoor lighting, luminaires must be installed above the carriageway of streets, roads and squares at a height of at least 6.5 m. PUE requirements for lighting, GOST for the installation of street lamps: vheight installation of a lamp above the carriageway of roads below 6.5 meters is not allowed!

As a rule, street lamps should be installed on brackets facing the roadway, or cable suspension of lamps should be used.

The installation height of a street lamp in the city should be such that the crowns of trees do not interfere with the flow of outgoing light, otherwise it is possible to install lamps on power line poles and supports of the contact network of urban electric transport.

The installation height of street lamps on the supports of the tram contact network must be at least 8 m to the rail head. When the fixtures are located above the contact network of the trolley bus - at least 9 m from the road level. The distance measured vertically from the wires of the street lighting lines to the crossbars of the contact network or to the illumination garlands suspended from the crossbars must be at least 0.5 meters.

Installation of outdoor lighting fixtures on poles of overhead lines up to 1 kV should be carried out:

1. When servicing outdoor lighting installations from a telescopic tower with an insulating link, street lamps are installed at a height above the overhead line wires or at the level of the lower overhead line wires when placing street lamps and overhead line wires with different sides supports. The distance between the wire and the luminaire must be at least 0.6 m in the horizontal direction.

2. When servicing lamps at a height in other ways, it is required to install lamps below the wires of the overhead line. In this case, the height of the electric pole is 8 - 9 meters above the ground. Distance between lamp and electrical wires The power line should be at least 0.2 m vertically, the distance from the lamp to the overhead line (power line) support should be no more than 0.4 m horizontally.

The installation height of lamps in parks, above boulevards and footpaths must be at least 3 m according to the street lighting standard. The smallest installation height of street lamps for lighting lawns, facades of buildings and structures, for decorative lighting is not limited by the standard (GOST). It is allowed to install street lamps in pits, below ground level, if there are drainage or other similar devices for removing water from pits.

The installation height of outdoor lighting fixtures, searchlights when installing lighting installations for transport interchanges, urban and other areas is limited by the height of the lighting mast. Outdoor lighting spotlights can be installed on lighting poles with a height of 20 m or more, provided that their maintenance is safe (for example, lowering spotlights to replace lamps, arranging platforms for aerial platform access, using telescopic towers, etc.).

It is allowed to place lamps in the parapets and fences of bridges and flyovers made of fireproof materials at a height of 0.9-1.3 m above the roadway, provided that they are protected from touching the current-carrying parts of the lamps.

The first lighting poles appeared in the early 19th century. They were made of metal, which quickly rusted and fell into disrepair. The desire to extend the life of lampposts and increase demand for them forced manufacturers to actively develop in this area. Today there is great amount lighting poles, different sizes, appearance and material.

Types of lighting poles and their differences

Supports are classified according to several parameters: material of manufacture, installation method, type, purpose and design features.

According to the material of manufacture there are:

Reinforced concrete supports consist of concrete and reinforcement. Reinforcement works in tension, concrete works in compression. Thus, the required strength of the structure is achieved. Supports of this type are superior in quality only to wooden poles. They lose to other types of supports in various parameters: weight, durability, installation complexity, and so on.

The metal poles are made from high strength steel sheet. They are superior in many ways reinforced concrete structures: they are lighter, easier to install, have a service life of at least 50 years with proper metal processing, look more aesthetically pleasing. The power cable from the substation can be hidden inside the pole. Steel lighting poles at the top have a special hole into which a bracket with a lamp is inserted.

Wooden poles are rarely used today. Their merit in environmental safety(old supports can be taken out and burned, having cleansed nature) and low cost, and the disadvantages are in the short service life due to the properties of the tree (rotting, combustibility, eating by rodents and insects). With proper treatment with refractory and antiseptic compounds, the life of the tree can be extended. To save the budget, they are sometimes used as intermediate ones - they are combined with metal or composite ones.

Composite supports today are considered the most "advanced" in terms of technology. They are made from a special material, which is obtained by mixing different components. This is done in order to obtain support with new or improved qualities. Thus, a composite lighting pole with a height of 9 meters weighs only 40 kilograms, has complete electrical insulation, does not rot, is simply transported and mounted. A large number of advantages affects the cost of supports, it reaches 30,000 rubles.

By type of support are divided into:

1. Power (OS, SF, SFG and others). Used to illuminate streets, microdistricts, open areas. The power cable can be brought to them both in the ground and in the air;
2. Non-power (NFG, NF NP and others). Used to illuminate parks, parking lots, bridges and other objects. Brackets or small advertising structures are installed on them. They are used as supports when laying the overhead power cable.

According to the purpose of the support are:

1. Street (including trunk). Supports are installed in cities, suburbs and between cities. They have one to three brackets. The main supports have a reinforced frame;
2. Decorative (floor lamp). Decorative lighting poles are installed near cultural objects, in parks, alleys and the like. They can be with one, two, three or more lamps, arranged in any order, depending on the intention of the designers;
3. Special (lighting masts). The poles are intended for lighting squares, stadiums, railway stations, construction sites. They are up to 45 meters high.

By design:

1. Faceted (conical). The supports have a thick base and a narrow top;
2. Cylindrical. The supports have a circular cross section and are assembled from several pieces of steel pipes.

By installation method:

1. Flanged. The supports consist of two parts, one of which is dug into the ground, and the second is attached to it with bolts. There are non-folding and folding flanged supports;
2. Upright. They are a single structure that is buried in the ground to a certain depth and concreted.

Installation of lighting poles

Installation of straight-rack and flange supports is carried out in different ways. The first ones are "driven" into the ground to a certain depth, the second ones are fixed on a reinforced concrete base. After the installation is completed, a lighting control system is installed, the lamps are mounted on lighting poles and powered, they are grounded, and the wiring is checked for serviceability. If you need an eyeliner power cable underground, first they dig a trench with a depth equal to the depth of the support, pull the cable, drill a pit, connect it to the trench, install and connect the support. The order of work may vary.

Installation of upright supports

Installation of upright supports is carried out in the following order:

1. A pit is dug with a drill, at least 1.2 meters deep, a few centimeters wide more than the width of the base of the support;
2. A lighting support is installed in the resulting hole. If metal poles are mounted, they are additionally reinforced to give additional rigidity;
3. The support is poured with a concrete mixture, which is additionally compacted with the help of building vibrators;
4. When the concrete hardens, proceed to additional work: install and connect fixtures and so on.

Installation of flange lighting poles

To install flange supports, you must first prepare a reliable concrete base. To do this, a pit breaks out, with a depth of 90 to 100 centimeters, a mortgage element is installed in it, it is poured with concrete. When the concrete has set, proceed to fix the support. For this purpose, thick bolts are used, which are inserted into the holes of the base of the support and the embedded element and fixed with nuts. Flanged supports are easy to repair. It is enough to unscrew the bolts and replace the supports.

Lighting Pole Manufacturers

On the Russian market a huge number of manufacturers of lighting poles. The most popular ones are listed below:

Legion

The Legion company independently produces and sells all types, from decorative ones used to illuminate squares or alleys, to power ones used to illuminate streets and industrial facilities. The range of the company includes over 40 types of supports, height from two to twenty meters and permissible load from 60 kilograms to three tons. Prices for products are democratic, as there are no intermediaries between the company and consumers.

In addition to selling lighting poles, the company offers complete list services for their installation: from the study of the site and the collection of all documents to the launch of the lighting system into operation.

The company produces power, park and faceted lighting poles from metal blanks for installation anywhere, from the highway to own site. The customer can ask to make a support according to his drawings. Delivery to the regions is carried out.

PromSnabService

The plant has launched serial production of lighting poles since 2008. Successfully sells products not only in Russia, but also in the CIS countries and the Baltic states. Since 2010, the plant began to produce components: foundation blocks, brackets, etc.

Galen

The company specializes in the production and sale of products that are superior in quality to others. The project exists with the support of the Italian company "TopGlass". Specifications supports: height - 7-13 meters, weight - 25-80 kilograms, top load - 250-300 kilograms, base diameter - up to 29 centimeters.

Amira

Amira group of companies has been working in the lighting market for more than 20 years. The production of lighting poles from reinforced concrete to composite is carried out at the StalConstruction plant. In addition, all the necessary equipment for installation is produced here.

lighting pole cost

The cheapest are wooden poles. Eight-meter structures will cost 2500-2800 rubles, twelve meters - 4500-4700 rubles. Metal supports, depending on the height and coverage of the support, will cost the buyer at a price of 6,000 rubles to 26,000 rubles. The cost of composite structures ranges from 19,000 rubles to 29,000 rubles. This price is due to the quality and durability of the products. Concrete supports cost 5000-7000 rubles.

A lamp post is a general collective term for a pole on which lamps or luminaires intended for street lighting are mounted. Initially, they were used only to receive light on city streets. Due to the imperfection and monotony of the then sources of illumination, they were one type.

On the square

Their ignition and extinguishing caused a lot of inconvenience and required special workers for maintenance. The development of the modern and construction industry has made it possible to make street lampposts easy to maintain and as functional as possible.

Lighting poles are poles made of certain materials, which ensure long-term operation and optimal performance of the functions for which they are created. The distance between the lampposts is left in such a way that the light spot from one device reaches the edge cast by the second.

The photo shows an option for a park area.

Pedestrian zone

The calculation of the height of an ordinary lamppost is done taking into account the space over which the light of a fixed lamp should spread. If the main purpose of the installation is to obtain street lighting, when it is necessary to illuminate both, and the road, lampposts for city streets are made high.

The material for making lampposts to provide street lighting is usually reinforced concrete.

Despite the relatively high cost of such structures, they have enough long term operation, reliability achieved by designed, and specially designed lamps that allow you to scatter light on the desired spatial perimeter.

LED urban lampposts, gradually replacing outdated models, are used for street lighting. Depending on the type of LED device, not only high concrete supports can be used, but also other types of different material and variable height.

In the evening

The main purpose of the lantern support is to strengthen a special device that allows you to illuminate and ensure safety:

• streets or routes for road users (high cantilever lamps are used);
• movement and availability of street lighting for pedestrians moving along the sidewalk or through the carriageway (concrete supports installed along the carriageway or in courtyards);
• park area, industrial enterprise, observation deck - any significant area that requires light for safety reasons (both concrete and with a lamp can be used);
• lighting of the adjoining space in order to prevent the penetration of intruders (the installation of metal supporting structures with floodlights is practiced);
• illumination and the creation of a decorative component of the park or (forged lampposts, as decorative as possible, but with the installation of a lamp to perform the lighting function);
• stadiums, railway stations or in order to obtain the maximum light source (mainly concrete support masts, the installation of which requires significant costs and special equipment).

GOST provides for special requirements for each of the constructed supports installed on city streets or in crowded places. Compliance with the standards provided by special regulations makes it possible to achieve maximum security and avoid injury or accidents. The production of concrete products is mass-produced and is also produced in compliance with standard requirements.

Despite the abundance of models, configurations, the difference in height and the number of fortified lamps, the main function of the lamppost is to brighten the streets or the adjacent space at night. But with a quality product, you can land plot, give it a well-groomed look, stylize it under the general chosen solution of the house, plot and fence.

The photo shows the usual urban version of the lighting pole.

The distinction according to purpose determines all other parameters that are needed for lighting support and its compliance with the requirements.

Production material

The material is selected for reasons of strength or decorativeness. The installation method is dictated by the design features and the type of structure being erected.

On the Sunset

According to the material, the following varieties are distinguished:

1. - durable, usually of considerable size, with a lamp (or several). Economical, easy to install, easy to change parts, cantilever or spotlight type.
2. A steel lamp post is smaller, often styled to light up a smaller space. It is installed according to the principle of maximum convenience in the adjoining private plots or in parks. Can be made from aluminum or of stainless steel with a special coating or polished.
3. - the same steel lamppost, only more decorative, made by cold or hot forging. This is an attribute landscape design country mansions, villas or private houses in elite country villages. Usually expensive due to requirements for decoration and customization.
4. A wooden lighting pole is a temporary or permanent structure designed for various needs, democratic in cost, but short-lived. Depending on the wood, it can last longer or less, but it requires impregnation with special compounds and constant care.
5. - made of a material that combines polymer compounds and chopped wood. It is more durable than wood, but less reliable than a steel lamppost or any.

LED type

However, cast iron urban lampposts are considered not very durable due to exposure to their conditions. external environment and also require periodic maintenance (painting).

purpose

The target orientation implies three main groups of lighting poles, which are designed to illuminate streets and highways (strong concrete poles), a large visual space with a crowd of people, holding construction works etc. (mast structures of special strength, on which lamps are mounted in large numbers).

Decorative (floor lamp) with a lamp or several can be installed in a country villa, purchased for a summer residence with large plot, be installed in parks, squares, near administrative, commercial or entertainment buildings.

The photo shows the cast iron version.

Before city administration

Floor lamps can be in the form of low columns on which a lantern is installed, especially if lighting is required for an entrance or a bench. The steel lamppost has become a favorite because of the ability to sell it unassembled and then be able to install it yourself.

Construction type

Initially, two types of construction were used: conical, which has a thick base and a pointed top, and cylindrical, assembled from pipes of the same or different diameters. With the advent of new functions, the range of designs has expanded.

Now they can combine a concrete square base and a cylindrical top, or a concrete base for fasteners and a wooden top.

They can look like a support with a round plate with a lamp, stylized as a figure of an animal, a person, a fairy-tale character or a plant, and be assembled from several dissimilar parts.

The photo below shows a decorative option.

By installation method

Flanged ones are popular (the support is two-part, one of the parts is buried in the ground, and the second is attached directly to it in a different way fasteners). Upright simply dig into the soil to a certain depth, and then the base.

The video shows how to make a lighting support with your own hands.