How to plant onion seeds. Onion varieties from seeds in one season

Onions reproduce in different ways. You can spend several years waiting for the bulb to produce extra buds for seedlings, or you can just sow the seeds. They are also called chernushki, since they are black and small size. Growing onions from blackberries is very convenient. In one year, you can get a full-fledged crop without the problems and expenses associated with the purchase and storage of onion sets. Applying different ways planting, you can grow onions of any ripening duration in just one summer.

How to choose a nigella to plant in season

When choosing seeds, you need to decide on the main criteria:

• external and taste qualities of the future onion crop;
• the period of time for which it is planned to receive a crop;
• variety resistance to diseases, difficulty in caring for it;
• regional affiliation.

Varieties for open ground

Varieties are classified according to the degree of ripeness of the fruit for ease of use in various conditions- greenhouse, open field, at home.

early ripe

Early ripe varieties do not need long term cultivation. Less than three months pass from sowing seeds to collecting full-fledged bulbs. These varieties, thanks to selection, have not only fast growth rates, but also excellent keeping quality of the bulbs. Fresh heads keep marketable condition and useful qualities until spring.

Onion Carmen grows very quickly, so it is classified as an early ripe variety.

Mid-season in one year

Mid-season varieties reach maturity within 4 - 4.5 months from the moment of planting the seeds. Growing mid-season onions in one year is not uncommon in most regions of our country. This is the Chernozem region and territories located in the latitudes south of Moscow, all Leningrad region. Seeds are equally resistant to both short-term cooling and hot, dry weather.

late ripening big onion

Late-ripening varieties are usually grown in two stages. In the first year, seeds are sown, seeds are grown. In the second year, the sevka is grown to an adult state - the head. In the southern regions (Stavropol, Krasnodar region, Republic of Crimea, Rostov region) late-ripening varieties fully grow during a long and warm summer. Read about the salad onion variety.

Growing methods

To optimize your onion cultivation efforts and to increase yields, it is customary to use various ways his sowing.

Sowing in early spring (soil, planting depth)

The most common way to grow onions is spring sowing. You need to plant in early March (in the southern district of our country) until mid-May (in middle lane Russia). The beds for crops are chosen sunny, located on hills. The importance of distance from ground water and lightness of the soil. Onions are able to germinate when the temperature rises to +8 degrees. Before sowing, the soil can be shed with a pink solution of potassium permanganate to disinfect it. You can learn about growing Elan from onion seeds.

Planting Nigella in early spring

Onion seeds are indistinguishable on the soil. To make their arrangement even in the garden, you can use this method: glue it on a long piece of toilet paper, and then put it in a groove and drop it in. Seeds are glued at a distance of 8 centimeters from each other using a paste.

Sowing in autumn

Good results are obtained by sowing onion seeds in the fall. It allows the seeds to germinate the very first, as soon as the top layers of the soil thaw. Melted snow provides a lot of moisture in early spring and saves the gardener from worries about watering onion plantings. Seeds hardened over the winter give strong shoots that tolerate spring frosts. In all regions (except districts Far North or equivalent to them) can be fearlessly - the soil under a layer of snow does not freeze to critical temperatures, but keeps them in the region from 0 to -5 degrees. autumn sowing seed saves valuable time in the spring when the gardener has many other things to do.

Sowing before winter is done when the average temperatures drop below +5 ... +7 degrees. The soil must be dry. Under these conditions, the seeds will not germinate and will not die during frost. They will simply remain in the ground until spring.

Pre-growing seedlings (grow a turnip)

The method allows growing late-ripening onion varieties even when the warm period is very short. This method saves money on the purchase or storage of sevka in winter period. By growing seedlings and then planting them in the ground, you can harvest two crops in one season. Shallot will tell about the characteristics and care of onions.

Onion seedlings are grown in boxes filled with soddy soil with humus.

Bow loves organic fertilizers therefore, to enhance the growth of seedlings, a week after the first shoots, you can water the seedlings with liquid manure.

The layer of earth should not exceed 10 centimeters. Onion crops do not need a large depth of boxes. Their fibrous root system occupies the upper layers of the soil. The distance can be allowed up to 2 centimeters between plants.

The temperature should be maintained from + 10 to +18 degrees. If it is warmer, then the active growth of green onions will begin, and not the development of the root system. This must not be allowed.

Preparing seeds for planting (plant, sow, how they should look)

For getting good harvest it is necessary to pre-prepare the nigella for subsequent planting.

Determination of germination

In onion seeds, satisfactory germination persists for two years. When received at home seed material you can tell it's fresh. But when buying in stores, there is no such guarantee. To find out if the seeds are alive, pre-soaking is carried out. You need to take a small control group of seeds and soak them. If the seeds have begun to germinate, then the whole package of seeds is good.

Choosing the Best Seeds

Seeds are melted in water and left for an hour. Full, large seeds will settle to the bottom. Those that are dry or do not contain full-fledged embryos will emerge. Read about planting an onion on a head.

Disinfection

Onion plantings are often affected by fungal and bacterial infections. To warn him, you need to without fail carry out preplant disinfection of seeds.

Potassium permanganate is diluted at a concentration of 1%. This solution has a dark purple. The seeds are soaked in it for half an hour.

Another safe, inexpensive remedy is available to gardeners - hydrogen peroxide. Use a solution of peroxide with a concentration of 3%. Soaking lasts 30 minutes.

After the disinfection procedure in any way, the seeds are always thoroughly washed and dried.

Warming up the seeds of annual and perennial onions

Seeds of annual and perennial onions must begin to warm up 7 to 5 days before sowing. Thanks to this, plants will not be prone to plentiful release of arrows ahead of time. The development of the plant will be directed to the growth of the bulb, and not flowering and seed formation. Seeds are placed in a warm room. The temperature is acceptable in the range of 30 - 45 degrees.

You can place trays with seeds near heating devices. This procedure takes about five days.

Onion hardening

hardening planting material possible in two ways. In the first case, you need to place the seeds heated by the radiators in a cold place (cellar, lower compartment of the refrigerator). An hour is enough to harden the nigella. Bessonovsky will tell about planting and caring for onions.

The other method worked well too. Seeds, a turnip are placed in a bag and lowered into hot water. The temperature should not exceed 60 degrees. After 40 minutes, the bag is removed from hot water and lowered into cold water for the same period of time. Such a short-term procedure can be carried out on the day of planting the seeds.

Hardening makes future seedlings stronger, more resistant to cold. Seedlings of prepared seeds are friendly, fast growing.

Video

The simplest and most proven scheme for growing onions with seeds looks like this: in the first year, we grow onion sets from seeds. In the second year, we grow onions from sets.

If you start growing onion seedlings in early spring in an apartment on the windowsill, you can grow everything in one season.

Growing onion sets from seeds

Seeds can be grown from seed. Onion seeds are black and therefore they are all called "chernushka". When growing onions with seeds, it must be borne in mind that the seeds can be stored for no more than 3-4 years and they have very poor germination.

How to sow. Before sowing, preferably in a growth stimulator for several hours. After that, wrap them in a damp cloth and keep them there until they hatch. Then the seeds are sown in previously prepared grooves. The furrows are made 2-3 cm deep, the distance between them is 20 cm.

Shoots will appear in 8 - 10 days, they will resemble a long loop. After germination, be sure to weed, otherwise these loops will rise and will be very similar to ordinary grass.

What to feed. When shoots appear, make the first top dressing with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. This can be an infusion of mullein or talker (infusion of grass), and after the appearance of three true leaves, feed with complex mines. fertilizer.

Please note: when growing onions with seeds, you can feed the crops only until mid-June. Water as needed, but infrequently. From mid-June, onions should no longer be watered and fed.

It is from these seeds that sevok is grown.

Crop care. Onion from seeds, quite cold-resistant plant and sow in open ground it can be already in late April - early May. Make the crops thickened, because the nigella has poor germination. It is better to thin out plantings as they grow. You need to thin out at least two times.. At first, leave a distance between sprouts of 1 cm, and during the second thinning, 5 cm.

When the feathers begin to fall on the ground, the onions can be dug up and dried. To dry, the beam is tied in small bundles and hung with the roots up. After drying, small onions with a diameter of less than 1 cm are sorted out and discarded. Such onions are difficult to preserve in winter, they dry out and become unsuitable for planting.

Such a trifle can be planted before winter. They are planted in October to a depth of 3 - 4 cm. Many of them will die in winter, and from the rest in early spring they will grow greens for food.

In large, good onions, the roots and dried feathers are cut off, after which they are stored for storage.

Another way to grow onions

They sow nigella in a different way. First, get rid of the weeds in the garden. To do this, in early spring, cover the bed with an old film. When shoots appear weed grass, remove the film and loosen the soil well. Do not cover the bed with foil at night, the weeds will die overnight. Repeat this procedure again. After such a double treatment, weeds in top layer there will be no land left.

It is now impossible to dig such a bed. When digging, weed seeds from the lower layers of the earth will again fall to the top and sprout.

With a shovel handle, make furrows (2 - 3 cm) and 10 - 12 cm from each other. Pour these furrows with a solution of potassium permanganate to disinfect the soil. Then with a solution of calcium nitrate (3 tablespoons per bucket of water). Mix 1 tbsp. a spoonful of nigella seeds and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of AVA fertilizer (dust fraction), add a glass of river sand there. Sow the resulting mixture into the grooves as if salting them.

At first glance, this method of growing onions from seeds seems complicated and even confusing. But as a result, we do not have to fight weeds, feed onions, thin out crops. We did everything on landing.

Before the emergence of seedlings, the bed must be covered with a film, and after the appearance of sprouts, change it to lutrasil. Until June, the bed should be covered with lutrasil, you can even water over the shelter. In early June, the covering material is removed and then onions are grown as usual.

Onion set from onion set

cultivation onion

How to process sevok before planting. Before planting, onion sets are treated as follows: Put it in a plastic bag and sprinkle it with karbofos. Then hold it for 30 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate. After that, the bulbs are ready for planting.

When to plant sevok. A small onion can be planted on May 8 - 10, and a larger one a little later.

How to plant. The sevok is planted at a distance of 10 cm between the bulbs. Between the rows leave a distance of 15 - 20 cm, in order to make it easier to loosen the soil. Before planting, grooves are made 3-4 cm deep and partially sprinkled with sand. Lay onions in them and lightly sprinkle them with earth.

When planting, place one granule of AVA fertilizer under each bulb, then no further fertilizing is required.

Growing onions. Appearing arrows must be removed immediately. You can’t cut feathers for greens; for this, you should plant a separate bed.

It is necessary to water the onion under the root, it is not recommended to pour water on the leaves. It is even better to water along the aisles, the water will still get into the root zone, and the onions themselves will remain dry. Watering is necessary only in dry weather and in the first half of summer. In the second half, it is much more important to loosen the beds, and in rainy weather it is better to cover the onion plantings with a film.

Planting sevka.

Harvest. When the feathers of the grown onions turn yellow and fall down (usually in August), you can start harvesting. The collected onions must be dried, sorted out, cut dry feathers and only then put away for storage.

How to grow onions from seeds in one season

If desired, onions can be grown from seeds in one season. To do this, the seeds are sown at the end of February in boxes with earth. Row spacing is left at 5 cm, the temperature for seed germination should be within + 25 * C. When shoots appear, the seedling box can be placed on the windowsill, there will be quite suitable conditions for it.

At the end of April, onions grow 3-4 feathers 10-15 cm high. When planting seedlings in ridges, they maintain a distance of 5 cm in a row and 30-40 cm between rows. Before planting, the seedlings shorten the leaves by a third and cut the roots to two centimeters.

The soil around the seedlings is carefully compacted. A few days after planting, the plants are watered and loosened the soil. Further care is the same as described above.

Today our conversation will be about growing onions from seed.

Many people think that growing onion seedlings is a bit complicated, troublesome business. But this is not difficult, I assure you!!!

For everything to work out, we adhere to all the rules.

Onions from seedlings - the most the best option, it allows you to grow a good crop.

Growing onion seedlings from seeds at home.

For this you need:

select seeds;

prepare the ground in advance;

containers for seedlings: pots, box.

polyethylene film.

Basic rules for growing onion seedlings:

for these purposes, peninsular, sweet varieties are needed;

sow onion seeds at the end of February;

before sowing, soak the seeds () for 8-10 hours in warm water, the water temperature should be 30-35 degrees.

then dry the seeds well.

for one square meter landing rate - 20 grams;

then for excellent germination we cover plastic wrap. Remove the film from time to time to provide seeds with air;

after planting, we water the seed, weed them;

after two months, onion seedlings, as well as, are planted in the ground;

before planting the spine, cut the top a little.

Pros of growing through seedlings

The best way to grow onions is through seedlings. We grow onions in this way in all regions of the country, with our favorite climate. Another very significant plus of this method is savings.

Mostly growing onions from seed we spend on large beds. If the beds are small, we also collect a fairly large crop of onions from them. When using the seedling method, we spend 3-4 times less seeds than with direct cultivation, and the yield is much larger.

Many gardeners use this method to grow the following varieties of onions:

Krasnodar;

Karatal.

• exhibition;

These varieties give yield in the first year.

Another important plus of this method is that it does not require strong actions, it is low-cost, and the result exceeds all expectations.

When using this method, shooters are avoided, which contributes to a good ripening of the bulbs. After harvest, the bulbs can be stored for about nine months, neither germinate nor rot.

At home, we grow onions according to this process, now you can constantly pamper yourself, loved ones with fresh onions.

Growing onions from seeds in one season.

To grow onions, you need to wait a season - two, but luckily there was a way to do it in one season.

In order to get a bulb in one season, early onion hybrid varieties are needed. We use mid-season varieties that are already “accustomed” to our climate.

Very popular varieties:

stuttgarter;

• Alonso F1.

Onions love to "bask" under the warm rays of the sun, so it needs the best sunny side your site.

So that the bulbs do not rot, we do not plant onions for a couple of seasons in a row, in one place. It must take at least five years to plant the seed in the opposite place in the garden. Thanks to this method, you will have an excellent onion crop.

Onion growing from seeds, when to plant?

Onion seedlings are planted in April, after the formation of the third leaf. We prepare the soil in the fall, fertilize, form rows. Then we outline the holes, plant the onions. From time to time we fertilize with organic and mineral fertilizers. Water the onion as soon as the soil dries out. We harvest in August, at the beginning of September. To pre-dry thoroughly.

Thanks to the latest technologies, there are already different varieties to grow onions from seed - from seeding to harvest in one season.

Types of onions

There are many types of onions that are not similar in taste, appearance, cultivation technology, in care.

The most common varieties of onions:

A magnificent plant, grows in any climate conditions, the green part is used.

Onion chives. Growing from seed produced in small quantities. Sprouts are kept at -3-4 degrees. Due to their resistance to frost, onion greens are harvested until early January.

chives are grown from seeds. Planted on open ground, in greenhouses. ? We plant in early spring 50 * 25 centimeters, just try to sow it before winter. We grow it as one, - two - or perennial plant.

often water chives, fertilize with organic, mineral fertilizers.

chives - do not form an onion. In addition to other species, it has many leaves, a powerful root system.

chives contain a lot palatability, carotene, vitamin C.

These are new varieties - giants, medium ripeness, grown from seeds. The weight of one bulb reaches up to 1 kg. One of the largest hybrids. Sweet taste. Have no smell. Luki Globo and Exhibition are excellently grown from seeds in open ground through seedlings.

This is the most popular, favorite variety. Unpretentious, winter-hardy, high-yielding. Onion batun is a perennial plant that grows in one place for about 5 years. Grown for their feathers. Instead of ordinary bulb he has a false bulb (thickened stem). Propagated from seeds or by division of the root.

The seed ripens on the peduncle, then they must be collected or they themselves are sown.

We plant the seed in nutritious, well-lit soil. Batun requires space for a large number leaflets. Sow the seed from each other - 15 cm, between rows - half a meter.

For the first time, we begin to cut the feathers in early May. It has delicious, fragrant greens, we collect greens for the season. In autumn, we no longer touch the greens, as the culture is preparing for winter.

growing onion batun annual plant, sow the seeds at the end of April. At the beginning of September there will be the first juicy, tasty harvest of leaves.

We plant a biennial plant at the end of July. As soon as the cold comes, the seedlings will germinate and get stronger. Next year, from mid-summer to October, enjoy the greenery from your own plot.

Onion batun is resistant to drought, frost, disease, therefore it is very valuable.

Leek growing from seeds

Very known species plants, ranks third among all varieties of onions. Growing technology - seeds. Grows well after sowing. Before sowing, disinfect the seed - lower it in turn into hot, then into cold water. In order for germination to be much earlier, we place the seeds on damp gauze, in a warm place for three days, dry a little. We do this procedure with seeds collected from the site. Purchased - no need to germinate. We sow the seeds - in the second half of May.

Growing leeks from seeds for the winter

Suitable for regions with a cool climate. Sow seeds for seedlings in boxes. Sowing time: late February - mid-April, on the bed under the film. If in winter, then illuminate the plant for twelve hours in a row (the location is a window sill, a heated greenhouse) at a temperature of 23-25 ​​degrees. Cover with foil until they grow.

when shoots appear, remove the cover, lower the temperature to seventeen degrees. Let's raise it to twenty degrees in a week.

the right temperature - will provide you with a good, quality crop.

compost is the perfect fertilizer for such a crop. To grow the root, from time to time we cut the grown greens at the level of ten centimeters.

before planting, seedlings are aired, planted in fertile soil 15*25 cm in May. Put compost in each hole. Before planting leaves and root system shorten by a third.

water fertile soil during growth. We feed leeks with bird droppings 1:20 or mullein diluted with water 1:8.

this plant harmonizes well with carrots, we alternate planting beds. Carrots are an assistant against the attack of an onion fly. We also plant leeks with strawberries, celery, and beets.

Stuttgarten onions are grown from seeds.

Grown for greens, onion, sevok. High yield, for a long time lies without loss. Weight - 50-84 grams. Spicy in taste, but you can eat. Sow the seed at the end of April, harvest in August.

Onion Stuttgarten Riesen growing from seeds. It is very easy to care for him, the main thing is not to damage the roots. We loosen the soil with a depth of 2-3 centimeters. In the first month, we monitor the humidity. We water once a week 6 liters per square meter. We feed with mullein 2-3 times per season, when 2-3 leaves grow and when the bulb is like Walnut. We bend the greens in July. Thanks to this, the bulb will grow. As soon as the neck of the bulb has become soft, we begin harvesting. If you miss this moment, then after 8-10 days it will not be suitable.

Growing onions for greens from seeds - in early spring, at the end of winter, in general, you can sow for the winter. We sow onions in 5-6 rows, the distance between them is 20 centimeters, the depth is 1-2 centimeters. Pre-soak the seeds, plant swollen. We prepare the soil in the fall, loosen it before planting. We take care of the onions in good faith, from time to time - we feed, water, remove weeds and loosen the ground. As you know, in the spring you want fresh vitamins and minerals. Therefore, let's do everything right, and you will soon have fresh onion feathers, which are much more useful than the bulb itself.

Chalcedony

Medium ripe onions, ripening period 3.5-4 months. High yield, grown with seeds for bulbs. One season will give you about five kilograms of onions from one square meter. Chalcedony onion - yellow, spicy in taste, round shape, perfectly preserved from April to May, try it.

Shaman onion variety

It has an elongated bulb 10-12 centimeters, brown-red. Thanks to this form, we get a huge harvest from a small area, it is easier to cut into circles. We sow the seed in March, grow seedlings, it is perfectly preserved for a long time.

Centaur - a variety of onions

Sweet taste. Medium ripeness, annual, 95-106 days pass from the beginning of sunrise to the inclination of feathers. Round, dense shape, weight from seeds - 80-100 grams, weight through seedlings - 250-300 grams. Dry scales are dark yellow. Juicy scales - white-cream. Harvest 10 kg per square meter. The variety is tolerant to bad conditions, high-yielding, suitable for long storage without loss, ideal for cooking.

Red Brunswick

Semi-sharp, sweet taste. Weight 100-120 grams. Medium maturity (from germination to feather inclination 95-118 days), annual, grown from seed. The shape is flat, rounded, dense. Dry scales are dark red. Juicy scales of white-pink color. It is better to plant seedlings. The variety is resistant to diseases, the bulb is formed in one season, a good harvest.

Albion F1 - onion variety

Grown from seeds over the summer. The bulb is pure white 3.5 centimeters, excellent semi-sharp taste. Early ripeness, not subject to long-term storage. We sow the seeds in the ground at the end of April - the beginning of May, pre-soak for 2-3 days in water, then for 8-12 hours in potassium permanganate.

Spirit F1 - onion variety

Very tasty, quickly ripe, high-yielding hybrid,. Seeds are sown at the end of April. Likes warmth, does not spoil very quickly.

Oval - a variety of onions

It ripens for 120-130 days after all sunrises, forms a bulb from seeds for a year about 250 grams. In our area it is better to grow seedlings.

Alice onion variety

Annual, grown through seedlings. Excellently preserved. Medium ripe variety of onions for long storage, has high yield. The bulb is dense, medium-sized, round, weight 130-150 grams. Pleasant not very spicy taste, white onion. The husk is strong, firmly attached to the bulb, yellow. It ripens at the same time, a favorable harvest, resistant to diseases.

Pour "tea" from pests:

Let's take a branch of bitter wormwood, a branch of aconite, dandelion leaves, a tomato (several small stepchildren), hot peppers(2-3 crushed large peppercorns). We place these components in a bucket, pour boiling water, insist one day, strain. We dilute one, two liters of "tea" with a bucket of water (10 l) and water the earth. Do a couple of waterings in one season.

Onions are considered very useful plant which is grown on summer cottages. It contains special substances that kill pathogenic bacteria. Thanks to them, the onion has a sharp taste and a specific smell. Onions are used in the manufacture of various dishes, it has a special taste, it improves digestion.

Onion is the most popular variety in our country. It is grown almost everywhere. To grow large and healthy bulbs, you need to make a lot of effort. Growing onions from seeds in one season is considered very popular.

Onions from seeds are grown in the following ways:

• Sowing in the ground in early spring.
• Growing seedlings.
• Winter sowing.

The first way is that onion seeds are sown directly into the soil as soon as she thaws. Bulbs thus grow in one season.

Seedlings are grown at home. Seeds begin to germinate in February, and planted in the ground in April.

The winter sowing method is used in the fall, planting seeds in slightly frozen soil. But you need to be careful, because due to earlier sowing onions can sprout already in autumn and freeze.

Whichever method is chosen, the soil must be prepared in advance. The earth should be dug up in the fall, with the addition of peat or compost to it.

Advantages of onion seeds over sevka

There are many reasons why it is better to use onion seeds for planting than onion sets.

1. If onion sets are used as planting material, then harmful insects or diseases can be brought into the beds. If you use a manganese solution as an antiseptic, even it may not help eliminate diseases or pests inside the set. Seeds used for sowing are much easier to treat.
2. If you use seeds for sowing, then a marketable onion can grow in a season even without seedlings. Under certain growing conditions and top dressings, high-quality bulbs are obtained, even with late sowing directly into the soil.
3. Growing seedlings helps to avoid a bad harvest due to poor quality material. If you use a turnip onion, then there will be a high probability of getting plantings with numerous voids.
4. Using seeds for growing, you can select the best quality seeds and plant them in such a way that they do not compete with each other for nutrients.

Depends on the variety chosen growing method and landing time. To date, there are 60 varieties of onions, which are divided into the following types:

• varieties of southern origin;
• varieties of northern origin.

Northern varieties require a day length of 17 hours to form a full-fledged bulb, while southern varieties require 14 hours. Northern varieties of onions have a sharper taste and are better stored. Southern varieties taste better, but they have a shorter shelf life.

Pre-sowing preparation of seeds

Before planting the seeds, they are checked for germination. Do this a month before planting. To do this, 15–20 seeds are taken from the batch, wrapped in a damp cloth and kept for two weeks. After that, the result is evaluated.

If the seeds are of high quality, they begin their pre-sowing preparation. To avoid fungal diseases, they are wrapped in a cloth and dipped in hot water for 15 minutes, and then in cold water for one minute. Then the seeds are kept at room temperature for a day, without unfolding from the tissue, which is periodically moistened.

There is another way of pre-sowing seed preparation. Oxygen under pressure must be supplied to any container with water and the seeds are soaked in it for 18 hours, then they are dried and sown in the soil. Mostly onions are sown at the end of April.

Preparing beds for sowing

Onion beds are made in sunny places. It’s good if cabbage, potatoes, cucumbers, legumes or tomatoes grew in this place before, which wonderfully supply the soil with nitrogen. Loamy soil with the addition of organic and mineral fertilizers is also perfect.

The width of the beds should be 80 centimeters, and the height - 15 centimeters. While digging into the soil add compost or peat 3 kilograms per square meter of area. In addition, nitrophoska with superphosphate is added in a tablespoon per square meter. The compost, along with fertilizer, is thoroughly mixed with the soil and compacted a little. Prepare the beds, and then use a solution of copper sulfate for irrigation. The solution is consumed 2 liters per square meter of beds. The beds are covered with plastic wrap for 2-3 days.

Sowing seeds

For sowing in the garden make markings. It is necessary to step back from the edge of the bed by 10 centimeters and draw three furrows. From each other they should be at a distance of 5 centimeters. The depth of the furrows should not be more than 2 centimeters. After 15 centimeters from them, three more furrows are drawn, and so on.

In these furrows, seeds begin to be planted with a distance of 1–1.5 centimeters from each other. After the seeds are planted, the soil is lightly compacted and watered, using 2-3 liters of water per meter of bed.

In order for the seeds to germinate and grow faster, the beds are covered with plastic wrap. It retains water in the soil and creates an ideal microclimate for germination.

When the onion starts to sprout cotyledons appear in the form of small loops. If suddenly roots appear instead of them, then they must be removed, because such a plant will die anyway. As soon as the seeds germinate, they are thinned out, leaving a distance of 1.5-2 centimeters between them. After 12 days, the cotyledons straighten and the first leaf appears.

Crop care

Care of crops includes regular watering, control of weeds, diseases and pests.

From May to June, watering is carried out once a week. Due to dry weather, the beds need to be watered twice a week. Water is consumed in the amount of 5-10 liters per meter of the garden. In July irrigation must be stopped and due to the maturation of the bulbs. Water can get in the way.

If the drought continues all this time, you can water once a week in small portions, otherwise the bulbs may wilt. Water the beds carefully so as not to break the onion feathers.

Weeding the beds begins as soon as small weeds appear, because when weeding adult weeds, the roots of the bulbs are easily damaged. To make it easier to remove weeds, the beds must be watered in advance. Weeding contributes partial loosening soil. Separate loosening is not recommended.

If the onion sprouts slowly, you can feed the soil with urea. To do this, a spoonful of urea must be dissolved in a bucket of water and watered the beds, spending 3-4 liters per meter.

By yellow and withered feathers, you can determine that the onion is ripe. Harvesting usually takes place in late July - early August. If the feathers have not turned yellow, the onions are harvested from the garden and laid out in a thin layer in the sun to ripen.

As soon as it is completely dry, the feathers are removed, and the bulbs themselves dry well with any heating device. This method should protect the onion from rot and powdery mildew.

As soon as the onion dries, it must be sorted. Small bulbs are used for winter sowing. The rest of the onions are put into boxes or canvas bags of 10-15 kilograms for storage, placing them in dark place with a temperature of about +18 degrees. Due to the higher temperature, the bulbs may germinate. Onions constantly need to be checked for rot and dry bulbs. They must be removed immediately.