Customs Union on the map. Customs Union within the Eurasian Economic Community

In Astana (Kazakhstan) by the presidents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. Entered into force on January 1, 2015.

: Armenia (since January 2, 2015), Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan (since August 12, 2015) and Russia.

The population of the EAEU countries as of January 1, 2016 is 182.7 million people (2.5% of the world population). Gross domestic product in the EAEU countries in 2014 amounted to $2.2 trillion (3.2% in the structure of world GDP). Volume industrial production reached 1.3 trillion dollars (3.7% of world industrial production). Volume foreign trade goods of the EAEU with third countries in 2014 amounted to 877.6 billion dollars (3.7% of world exports, 2.3% of world imports).

The Eurasian Economic Union was created on the basis of the Customs Union of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus and the Common Economic Space as an international organization for regional economic integration with international legal personality.

Within the framework of the Union, freedom of movement of goods, services, capital and work force, conducting a coordinated, coordinated or unified policy in key sectors of the economy.

The idea of ​​creating the EAEU was laid down in the Declaration on Eurasian Economic Integration adopted by the presidents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan on November 18, 2011. It fixes the goals of Eurasian economic integration for the future, including the task of creating the Eurasian Economic Union by January 1, 2015.

The creation of the EAEU means a transition to the next stage of integration after the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space.

The main goals of the Union are:

— creation of conditions for the stable development of the economies of the Member States in the interests of raising the living standards of their population;

— the desire to form a single market for goods, services, capital and labor resources within the Union;

— comprehensive modernization, cooperation and increasing the competitiveness of national economies in the global economy.

The supreme body of the EAEU is the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council (SEEC), which includes the heads of member states. The SEEC considers the fundamental issues of the Union's activities, determines the strategy, directions and prospects for the development of integration and makes decisions aimed at realizing the goals of the Union.

Meetings of the Supreme Council are held at least once a year. Extraordinary meetings of the Supreme Council may be convened on the initiative of any of the Member States or the Chairman of the Supreme Council to resolve urgent issues of the Union's activities.

Implementation and control over the implementation of the EAEU Treaty, international treaties within the Union and decisions of the Supreme Council are ensured by the Intergovernmental Council (EMC), consisting of the heads of government of the Member States. Meetings of the Intergovernmental Council are held as needed, but at least twice a year.

The Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) is a permanent supranational regulatory body of the Union headquartered in Moscow. The main tasks of the Commission are to ensure the conditions for the functioning and development of the Union, as well as the development of proposals in the field of economic integration within the Union.

The Court of the Union is the judicial body of the Union, which ensures the application by the Member States and bodies of the Union of the Treaty on the EAEU and other international treaties within the Union.

The chairmanship of the SEEC, the EMC and the EEC Council (the level of vice-premiers) is carried out on a rotational basis in the order of the Russian alphabet by one member state for one calendar year without the right to extend.

In 2016, Kazakhstan chairs these bodies.

The Union is open for entry by any state that shares its goals and principles, on terms agreed by the member states. There is also a procedure for secession from the Union.

Financing of the activities of the Union's bodies is carried out at the expense of the Union's budget, which is formed in Russian rubles at the expense of the share contributions of the Member States.

The EAEU budget for 2016 is 7,734,627.0 thousand rubles.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

A customs union is a form of interstate agreement concluded between two or more states on the abolition of customs duties in trade.
In addition, the terms of the customs union provide for the creation of a single territory. As a rule, the CU countries conclude an agreement on the creation of interstate bodies that should coordinate the implementation of a common foreign trade policy.

It should be noted that the unified foreign trade policy provides for the holding of ministerial meetings that manage the relevant departments, the work of which is based on the activities of the interstate Secretariat. In fact, the Customs Union is one of the forms of interstate integration, which provides for the creation of interstate bodies.

According to the Agreement concluded on October 6, 2007, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation acted as the founder of this Commission. The seat of the Commission was the city of Moscow. Moreover, unlike a free trade zone, such a form of integration as the Customs Union is considered to be deeper. The sole regulatory body is the Customs Union Commission, which operates on a permanent basis.

The main tasks of the Commission of the Customs Union

The activity of the Commission of the Customs Union consists in issuing various legal acts signed by all members of the Commission. The composition of the Commission includes a chairman and two members. The Chairman of the Commission is Igor Ivanovich Shuvalov, First Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation.
Rumas Sergey Nikolaevich, Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus, and Shukeyev Umirzak Yestaevich, First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan became members of the Commission of the Customs Union.

The working body of the Commission is the Secretariat, which organizes the work of the Interstate Council of the EurAsEC. In addition, the Secretariat solves the problems of information technology support of the Commission. The work of the secretariat is carried out under the leadership of the Executive Secretary of the Commission.

The structure of the Secretariat includes a number of departments, namely:
- Department of Administration;
- Administrative department;
- Department of trade policy;
- Department of tariff and non-tariff regulation;
- Department of financial policy;
- Legal department;
- Department of policy in the field of sanitary, phytosanitary and veterinary measures and technical regulation;
- Scientific and expert council.

Territory of the Customs Union - Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan

One of key concepts, appearing in the agreement on the conclusion of the Customs Union, is the territory.
The territory of the customs union includes the territories of the countries that are members of this community. In particular, the unified zone of the union includes the territory of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as artificial islands, objects and other structures located outside the above-mentioned states, which are subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the member states.
The limits of the border of the customs union is determined by the territorial limits of the states.

According to the terms of international treaties concluded between the member countries of the Customs Union, the boundaries of individual territories located in the member countries of the Customs Union can act as a border. A document defining the rules for the implementation of external economic activity on the territory of the participating states, is the current version of the Code of the Customs Union of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus, adopted on 16.04.2010.

The Customs Code of the Customs Union includes the following sections:

1. Section of the main provisions, which contains the terms used, the concepts of customs value, statistics, country of origin of goods, ETN VED.

2. Section of customs payments.
This section presents the procedure for calculating duties and taxes, refunds, payment deadlines, enforcement, and securing the payment of various payments.

3. Section of control, which specifies the forms and procedure for the examination, inspections, detention of goods, as well as the risk management system.

4. Section of transactions containing a list of transactions that precede the filing of the declaration.
This section presents the procedure for temporary storage, as well as the departure and arrival of goods from the territory of the Customs Union.

5. Section of the operations required for carrying out the procedures for the placement of goods.
This section presents general concepts concerning the order as well as the release of goods.

6. Section of procedures related to registration of transit of goods, export of goods, duty-free trade, warehouse, temporary export and entry from the territory of the Customs Union, the procedure for re-export and re-import, refusal in favor of the state and destruction of goods, etc.

7. Section containing the features of the movement of certain categories of goods across the border, as well as the features of operations in relation to these goods.

8. Section of transitional provisions of the Code of the Customs Union.

Knowledge of all the features of the clearance procedure helps to prevent the occurrence of controversial issues regarding the definition of the product code and the value of the cargo.
It should be noted that in addition to the Customs Code, the procedure for cargo clearance is also regulated by other domestic laws and international legal acts concluded between the participating states that are part of the Customs Union.

AT modern world many countries unite in unions - political, economic, religious and others. One of the largest such unions was the Soviet one. Now we are seeing the emergence of the European, Eurasian and Customs Unions.

The customs union was positioned as a form of trade and economic integration of a number of countries, which provides not only a common customs territory for mutually beneficial trade with no duties, etc., but also a number of points regulating trade with third countries. This agreement was signed on 06.10.2007 in Dushanbe, at the time of its conclusion, the union included the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan and Belarus.

The first article of the agreement on the movement of goods within this territory says the following:

• Customs duty is not charged. And not only for goods. own production but also for cargo from third countries.
• There are no economic restrictions, except for compensatory, anti-dumping ones.
• The countries of the Customs Union apply a single customs tariff.

Current countries and candidates

There are both permanent member countries of the Customs Union, which were its founders or joined later, and those that only expressed a desire to join.

Members:

• Armenia;
• Kazakhstan;
• Kyrgyzstan;
• Russia;
• Belarus.

Membership candidates:

• Tunisia;
• Syria;
• Tajikistan.

TC leaders

There was a special commission of the Customs Union, which was approved at the time of signing the agreement on the Customs Union. Its rules were the basis of the legal activities of the organization. The structure worked and remained within this legal framework until July 1, 2012, that is, until the creation of the EEC. The supreme body of the union at that time was a group of representatives of the heads of state (Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian Federation), Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev (Republic of Kazakhstan) and (Republic of Belarus)).

At the level of heads of government, prime ministers were represented:

• Russia - Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev;
• Kazakhstan - Karim Kazhimkanovich Massimov;
• Belarus - Sergei Sergeevich Sidorsky.

Purpose of the Customs Union

The countries of the Customs Union, under the main goal of creating a single regulatory body, meant the formation of a common territory, which will include several states, and all duties on products are canceled on their territory.

The second goal was to protect our own interests and markets, in the first place - from harmful, low-quality, as well as competitive products, which makes it possible to smooth out all the shortcomings in trade. economic sphere. This is very important, since the protection of the interests of their own states, taking into account the opinions of the members of the union, is a priority for any country.

Benefits and prospects

First of all, the benefit is obvious for those enterprises that can easily carry out purchases in neighboring countries. Most likely, it will be only large corporations and companies. As for the outlook for the future, contrary to some economists' predictions that the Customs Union would lead to lower wages in the participating countries, at the official level, the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan announced the increase in salaries in the state in 2015.

That is why the world experience of such large economic formations cannot be attributed to this case. The countries that have joined the Customs Union are expecting a steady, if not rapid, growth of economic ties.

Treaty

The final version of the Agreement on the Customs Code of the Customs Union was adopted only at the tenth meeting, 26.10.2009. This pact spoke about the creation of special groups that would monitor the activities for the implementation of the revised draft treaty.

The countries of the Customs Union had until 01.07.2010 to amend their legislation to eliminate contradictions between this Code and the Constitution. Thus, another contact group was created to resolve issues related to differences between national legal systems.

Also, all the nuances related to the territories of the Customs Union have been finalized.

Territory of the Customs Union

The countries of the Customs Union have a common customs territory, which is determined by the boundaries of the states that have concluded the agreement and are members of the organization. The Customs Code, among other things, determines the expiration date of the commission, which came on July 1, 2012. Thus, a more serious organization was created, which has much more powers and, accordingly, more people in your state to fully control all processes. On January 1, 2012, the Eurasian Economic Commission (EAEU) officially began its work.

EAEU

The Eurasian Economic Union includes the member countries of the Customs Union: the founders - Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan - and the recently joined states, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia.

The establishment of the EAEU implies a wider range of relationships in the freedom of movement of labor, capital, services and goods. There should also be ongoing coordinated economic policy of all countries, there must be a transition to a single

The total budget of this union is formed exclusively in Russian rubles, thanks to share contributions made by all member countries of the Customs Union. Their size is regulated by the supreme council, which consists of the heads of these states.

Russian has become the working language for the regulation of all documents, and the headquarters will be located in Moscow. The financial regulator of the EAEU is in Almaty, and the court is in the capital of Belarus, Minsk.

Union bodies

The highest regulatory body is Supreme Council, which includes the heads of the member states.

A judiciary has also been created, which is responsible for the application of treaties within the Union.

The Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) is a regulatory body that ensures all the conditions for the development and functioning of the Union, as well as the development of new proposals in the economic sphere regarding the format of the EAEU. It consists of the Ministers of the Commission (deputy prime ministers of the member states of the Union) and the Chairman.

The main provisions of the Treaty on the EAEU

Of course, compared to the CU, the EAEU has not only broader powers, but also a much more extensive and specific list of planned activities. This document no longer has any general plans, and for each specific task the path of its implementation has been determined and a special working group has been created, which will not only monitor its implementation, but also control its entire course.

In the received contract the countries of the single Customs Union, and now the EAEU, have secured an agreement on coordinated work and the creation of common energy markets. The work on energy policy is quite large-scale and will be implemented in several stages until 2025.

Regulated in the document and the creation of a common market for medical devices and medicines by January 1, 2016.

Great importance is given to transport policy on the territory of the EAEU states, without which it will not be possible to create any joint action plan. The development of a coordinated agro-industrial policy is envisaged, which includes the mandatory formation of veterinary and phytosanitary measures.

Agreed provides an opportunity to translate into reality all the planned plans and agreements. Under these conditions, developing general principles interaction and ensure the effective development of countries.

A special place is occupied by labor, which regulates not only the free movement of labor, but also the same working conditions. Citizens who go to work in the EAEU countries will no longer need to fill out migration cards (if their stay does not exceed 30 days). The same simplified system will apply to medical care. The issue of exporting pensions and offsetting the length of service that has been accumulated in a member state of the Union is also being resolved.

Expert opinions

The list of countries of the Customs Union in the near future may be replenished with several more states, but, according to experts, in order to be noticeable full-fledged growth and influence on Western similar unions by type, a lot of work and expansion of the organization is needed. In any case, the ruble will not be able to become an alternative to the euro or the dollar for a long time, and the impact of recent sanctions has clearly shown how Western politics can work to please their interests, and that neither Russia itself nor the whole Union can actually do anything about it. . As for Kazakhstan and Belarus specifically, the conflict in Ukraine has shown that they will not give up their benefits in favor of Russia. Tenge, by the way, also fell sharply due to the fall of the ruble. And on many issues, Russia remains the main competitor of Kazakhstan and Belarus. However, on this moment the creation of the Union is an adequate and the only right decision that can help somehow strengthen relations between states in the event of further pressure from the West on Russia.

Now we know which countries in the Customs Union are more interested in its creation. Despite the fact that even at the stage of its inception it was constantly haunted by all sorts of problems, joint coordinated actions of all members of the Union make it possible to solve them as quickly as possible, which makes it possible to look to the future with optimism and hope for the rapid development of the economies of all states participating in this agreement.

Interstate agreement in the form of collective protectionism different countries, providing for a single customs territory, was the Customs Union. This is a community where the participating states agreed to create common interstate bodies that coordinate and coordinate foreign trade policy. Meetings of ministers of the relevant departments are held periodically, whose work is entirely based on the permanently functioning interstate secretariat. A customs union is a form of integration between countries and the creation of supranational bodies. And it was another step towards integration into a more advanced form from the already existing free trade area. In 2015, on the basis of the Customs Union began its work new organization- Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).

Examples

In the nineteenth century, the German Customs Union was created, where the German states agreed to abolish customs barriers between their countries, and duties went to a common cash desk, where they were distributed among the participating countries according to the number of inhabitants. Probably, the German Customs Union is the first dress rehearsal for the creation of the European Customs Union, which is now functioning. The Eurasian Economic Union also joined forces on the problem of integration of the community's territories. This is a fusion of interstate forms of trade and economy between Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan. Basically, it is this union that will be discussed in this article. In addition to those listed, there were different time customs unions South African, East African (as a community), Mercosur, Andean Community and some others.

In October 2006 in Dushanbe (Tajikistan) an agreement on trade integration between Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia was signed and the technical regulations of the Customs Union were developed. The purpose of such an organization was to create a unified customs territory which includes several states. The rules of the Customs Union abolished duties on products sold. At the same time, this step made it possible to protect our own markets from excess imports and smoothed out all the irregularities in the trade and economic sphere. Within the participating countries, uniform requirements Customs Union and a single customs tariff for all. The same regulation regulated trade relations with other countries that are not members of the Customs Union. It was necessary.

Story

The same agreement of 2007 approved not only the technical regulations of the Customs Union, but also the Commission - its single regulatory body. In 2012, the operation of the regulation was completed, and it was replaced by an organization even more powerful, which had an order of magnitude more powers, and its staff was also significantly increased. This is the EEC - the Eurasian Economic Commission. The Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation constituted the entity on the basis of the Eurasian Economic Community. A unified structure of technical regulation was simply necessary. It was the Commission that developed the unified register of the Customs Union and approved its rules. It also has the prerogative of developing technical regulations.

The unified register concerns the bodies of certification of the Customs Union and its testing laboratories. This is a list of entities that issue certificates that guarantee the safety of this product. There is no need to confirm such a document anywhere on the territory of the CU countries. The CU Commission is the coordinator of all actions and all efforts of the participating countries on technical regulation, under whose control is all the activities of the Customs Union. National technical regulations ceased to operate from the moment the Commission was created and the unified regulations of the Customs Union were developed by it. Members of the Customs Union agreed that a single customs territory, where customs duties are not applied and there are no economic restrictions, may have exceptions - these are special protective, anti-dumping and countervailing measures.

Structure

Uniform regulatory measures are applied throughout the territory of the member states: the customs tariff within the CU and the rules for trade with other countries. Compliance with the rules is monitored by the Interstate Council, which is the supreme body of the CU and which includes the heads of government and heads of state of all CU countries. In 2007, these were the President of the Russian Federation D. Medvedev and the head of the Government of the Russian Federation V. Putin, the President of the Republic of Belarus A. Lukashenko and the Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus S. Sidorsky, the President of Kazakhstan N. Nazarbayev and the Prime Minister K. Massimov. Since 2008, the Interstate Council of the EurAsEC (VOTS) has become the supreme body of the CU at the level of only the heads of state of the participating countries.

The only regulatory body, the CU Commission, ensured the conditions for the work and development of the CU, whose decisions are binding and do not require any confirmation at the national level. The states of the Customs Union have divided their influence on the solution of all issues raised in this way: Russia has fifty-seven votes in the Commission, and Kazakhstan and Belarus have twenty-one votes each. All decisions are made if two-thirds of the votes are collected. In 2009, S. Glazyev was approved as the Executive Secretary of the Commission of the Customs Union. If disputes arise between the participating countries, they are resolved by a special court of the EurAsEC, where it is possible to achieve a change in the actions of the CU bodies and state power associations.

Activities of the Customs Union

In 2009, the Commission, the supreme body of the CU, together with the governments of the parties, carried out a set of measures to complete the formation of the contractual and legal framework of the CU. This included the Common Customs Tariff, the Customs Code, and the Statute of the Customs Court. In November 2009, a decision was made regarding a single customs tariff among the countries included in the Customs Union. Customs duties in trade between these countries have been adjusted since CCT - the Common Customs Tariff - came into force. In 2010, a summit was held where a statement was signed on the effectiveness of the Customs Code, which began to work in July 2010. A number of provisions of the Unified Customs Code have no legal analogy in the laws of the member states of the Customs Union.

For example, there is no concept of a Common Customs Territory, no conditions are stipulated regarding customs transit. Also, the CU Code abolished customs clearance and customs border control of all goods that originate from the territories of the CU member states, in addition, this also applies to goods of other countries that are in free circulation on the territory of the CU. The Code provides for the requirements of the Customs Union - reciprocity in the recognition of measures to ensure the payment of payments in all territories of the Customs Union. The institution of an economic operator was introduced - a person who has the right to use various simplifications that can be implemented in customs procedures.

Trade

In September 2010, the Customs Union introduced a regime on its territories that credits and distributes customs duties. Tripartite agreements agreed that imports are credited to a certain single account, in order to then be proportionally distributed between the budgets of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia. For example, the Russian budget receives 87.97% of the total volume of import duties, the Belarusian budget - 4.7%, and the Kazakh budget - 7.33%. In 2011, customs authorities ceased control at all internal borders of the Customs Union.

The CU Action Plan was approved by the three participating States, and according to the plan Customs Russia has stopped any operations regarding vehicles and goods that follow our territory. Previously, control was carried out at all checkpoints on the state border of the Russian Federation. And the Russian-Belarusian border at the PPU (point of acceptance of notifications) stopped all transit control operations from third countries.

Control

The Customs Union Security Regulations of 2010 provided for the introduction of a transitional period on the border between Russia and Kazakhstan, when border checkpoints will still function, exercising control - both border and migration, and goods and vehicles, which follow on the territory of the Customs Union, are still carried out by the joint customs services of the participating countries. The special services of the three countries must exchange all information regarding each consignment that is issued on their territory. In 2010, the authorities were already counting on the creation of a single economic space in all territories, since this is the surest step towards creating a common market.

The customs union is gradually replenished, and all member countries continue to apply, in addition to common customs tariffs, many other measures, including the regulation of trade with third countries. The states that joined the Customs Union: Kazakhstan and Russia - from July 1, 2010, the Republic of Belarus - in five days, Armenia - January 2, 2015, Kyrgyzstan - August 12, 2015. There were also candidates - Syria would have already joined the CU if it had not been for the war that had unleashed on its territory (however, perhaps this intention was one of the reasons for its unleashing), and in January 2015 Tunisia announced its intention to join the CU.

Some general information

The export of goods was accompanied by a zero VAT rate or exemption from excise duty (reimbursement of the amount already paid), if the fact of export was documented. Imports of goods to Russia from two other CU member countries were accompanied by VAT and excises. If services were provided or work was carried out on the territory of Russia, then the tax base, rates, tax benefits and the collection procedure were determined in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

After 2015, international obligations within the framework of the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space imposed the following import customs duties: the budget of the Russian Federation receives 85.33%, the budget of Belarus - 4.55%, Kazakhstan - 7.11%, Armenia - 1.11% and Kyrgyzstan - 1.9%. Labor migrants - citizens of the CU member states - no longer have to buy a patent to get a job in the Russian Federation, since they have the same right to work as Russian citizens.

Meaning

Back in 2011, being the executive secretary of the CU Commission, Sergey Glazyev cited the undeniable benefits of creating the Customs Union - both in economic and geopolitical aspects. After degradation and decay Soviet Union, after decades of economic impoverishment and all sorts of hardships, the former Soviet republics began to integrate, and this is a geopolitical achievement of great importance, the only one capable of providing concrete benefits to the economy of each state.

In 2012, an integration study was conducted by the Eurasian Development Bank. Sociological survey was held in ten CIS countries and additionally in Georgia, where up to two thousand respondents took part in each of the countries. There was only one question: the attitude towards the creation of the Customs Union, which exempted trade within three countries (Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan) from duties. Kazakhs welcomed the Customs Union in 80% of cases, Tajiks - 76%, in Russia 72% of respondents reacted positively, in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan - 67%, in Moldova - 65%, in Armenia - 61%, in Belarus - 60%, Azerbaijan - 38%, and in Georgia - 30%.

Problems

Criticism of the TC has always existed. Most often, it was reduced to the topic of insufficient elaboration of the conditions for certification of goods and trade, it was also said about the imposition Russian Federation countries participating in the terms of the WTO, although they did not join this organization. Some experts lamented about the unfair distribution of income among the participants. However, none of them could prove with their research that the Customs Union is not a very profitable project for both participants and potential members. On the contrary, a huge number of meticulously conducted studies consistently and on all counts prove that the EAEU is unequivocally beneficial to all its members, both for economic and ideological reasons.

Some experts note that the ideological component outweighs the economic one, since this union is an artificial formation, and therefore cannot be viable and exists so far only because it is ideologically beneficial for Russia, and it sponsors the participants. However, accusations of unfair division of income and the topic of sponsorship coexist very badly. It's either this or that. Judging by economic calculations, membership in the EAEU is beneficial for Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Armenia.

Today

Today, the Eurasian Economic Union is no less active than in any of the past moments of the existence of the CU. By decisions of the Commission, more and more new programs for the development of relations between the participating countries are discussed. For example, an advisory committee dealing with oil and gas has been created and is working, which forms a common gas market within the borders of the EAEU. And this is perhaps the most important priority of integration cooperation, which included a whole range of various activities - technological, organizational, legal (more than thirty events in total). In 2016, the heads of state of Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Armenia already approved the concept of work to form a common gas market. It remains to work out an international agreement with uniform rules for access to gas transport systems located on the territories of these states.

A common market for road transport services is developing, the competitiveness of international transport is increasing, customs regulation and insurance have been improved to a large extent. Despite the fact that between the participating countries, foreign economic relations are provided by all existing species transport, the share of automobiles in it is more than 82 percent of the total volume of cargo transportation, and passenger - 94 percent. And these percentages are still growing. A common market for air transport services is also being formed, and this topic was discussed in detail by the advisory committee in Minsk at the end of April 2017. A draft of the so-called road map is being prepared, which is the implementation of the main directions of transport policy.

The Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) is an international economic organization endowed with functions related to the formation of common external customs borders of its member countries, the development of a common foreign economic policy, tariffs, prices and other components of the functioning of the common market. Five states of the EurAsEC have been members of the EurAsEC since its inception: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.

In accordance with the statutory goals and objectives of the EurAsEC and guided by the principle of multi-speed integration, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia created the Customs Union in 2007-2010 and are systematically forming the next integration stage - the Common Economic Space (SES) of the EurAsEC, to which other states of the Community will join according to measure of readiness.

Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and RussiaThe Customs Union is a form of trade and economic integration of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia. The RIA Novosti infographic will tell you more about the main provisions of the CU, its current and potential members, as well as further prospects for economic integration.

A customs union is a form of trade and economic integration of the parties, providing for a single customs territory, within which, for mutual trade in goods originating from third countries and released for free circulation in this customs territory, customs duties and restrictions of an economic nature are not applied, with the exception of special protective , anti-dumping and countervailing measures.

In the Customs Union, the parties apply a single customs tariff and other measures to regulate trade with third countries.

The Chairman of the Board and members of the Board are appointed for a period of four years by the decision of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council at the level of heads of state with a possible extension of powers. The Board makes decisions by voting. Each member of the Board has one vote.

The activities of the EEC are structured according to functional areas supervised by members of the Board (ministers). Each direction is a block of industries and areas of economic activity. Members of the Board and departments of the EEC interact with the authorized national authorities within the framework of their activities.

At the moment, 23 departments function in the EEC structure. Under them, 17 Advisory Committees have been established to develop proposals for the EEC Board and hold consultations with representatives of national government authorities. The chairmen of the committees are members of the Board (ministers) according to their areas of activity.

One of fundamental principles activities of the EEC — maintaining a comprehensive dialogue with key partners. The first level of dialogue is interstate, which provides for building effective interaction with national authorities in the process of developing and making decisions. The second level of dialogue is a direct form of work with the business community.

The EEC takes an active position in the international arena with the aim of presenting the activities of the Eurasian community and engaging in integration processes key partners from the European and Asia-Pacific regions.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources