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Aster

Astra is rightfully called the queen autumn flower garden: it is beautiful, unpretentious and blooms for a long time. Luxurious bouquets of asters keep fresh for more than two weeks.

And large bright asters In the dry autumn silence So variegated and variegated, What are visible even in the moonlight, - wrote the poet N. Aseev

"Astra" is Greek for "star". Asters are white, pink, yellow, red, blue, purple, with many shades, light and dark. But asters differ not only in color. There are terry asters with large quantity narrow petals sticking out in all directions. In some, the petals are straight, in others, wavy, bent inward, like a peony, in others, narrow, pointed - needle-shaped.

The needle-shaped aster is especially similar to a star that has fallen from the sky: the middle is large, warm yellow, and petals-rays depart from it. You look at them, admire them, and sadness creeps into your heart that this holiday of Nature will soon end. Merciless frosts "sternly say:

"Enough" - and the earth's stars will go out. Autumn over the shady park... The gold of the maples lies on the waters of the pond. The leaves are spinning... The birds have fallen silent... Astra, a radiant aster-star, looks into the cold sky. Christmas

The first asters were completely different and came to Europe 250 years ago from China. At that time, the most contradictory information was available about the flora and fauna of China. Only a few of the Europeans managed to visit there, because entry into this country for foreigners was strictly prohibited.

One of the first to penetrate this unknown world were priests - itinerant preachers. They not only tried to preach Christianity among the locals, but also studied the manners and customs of the Chinese, the history and culture of the country, plant and animal world. It was not easy, and sometimes missionary priests were forced to use cunning and bribery.

So it was in 1728, when the French monk Nicola Incarville arrived in China. Unlike the others, he had a special assignment from the director of the royal Trianon Gardens at Versailles, Jussieu. For six months, Jussier taught Incarville the basics of botany, the ability to recognize, describe and grow plants.

Secretly, hiding from the eyes of the officials of the Chinese emperor, Incarville bartered and bought plants, which he then sent to France. In one of the parcels, the seeds of garden aster were also sent to Versailles. This plant attracted the attention of French gardeners and, in particular, the owners of the well-known gardening company Vilmorins. Very soon the first varieties appeared, and the aster rightfully began to be called garden. Flowers bred from asters seeds turned out to be large, bright colors, with a yellow center. It seemed that their inflorescences looked like either an ordinary chamomile, or the flowers of a peony or daisy, or a basket of chrysanthemums with intricately curved petals. In France, they were called the "queen of daisies."

Gardeners were not very mistaken: both the aster and the daisy are from one very large family of Compositae.

The peculiarity of the plants of this family is that their so-called flowers are not flowers, but inflorescences-baskets filled with small tridentate flowers closely pressed to each other. Only marginal flowers have one large tongue, petal.

Among the Chinese asters, there are about 4,000 varieties that botanists combine into 40 groups, 10 types and 3 classes. And the genus of asters has about 250 species.

The peony asters, bred by the Versailles gardener Pruffaut, are extremely beautiful, and the famous French company Velmorin has grown about 400 species and forms of plants, among which there are luxurious varieties of annual asters. They bloom from late summer until frost. There are low and tall asters with inflorescences of various colors - from snow-white, blue, cream, yellow, purple, dark red to two-color and even tri-color, with a diverse structure of flowers: chrysanthemum, rose, peony. The diameter of the flower of some varieties reaches 17 centimeters.

Annual asters were grown even in Antarctica at the Novolazarevskaya scientific station: in a small heated outbuilding under a transparent two-layer polyethylene roof with a five-centimeter air gap, as many as 6 bushes of pink asters bloomed among the white silence.

Astra is one of the oldest plants. When a 2000-year-old royal tomb was opened near Simferopol, among various garlands of aconite leaves, laurel and pine cones, they saw an image of an aster. The aster was considered an amulet by the ancient Greeks.

Interestingly, the image of an aster was on the caps of the soldiers of the Hungarian Red Army. It was worn by poets and writers Antaya Gidash, Iozsef Fodor, Dola Yiesz, Mate Zalka.

In the Hungarian language of flowers, the aster represents autumn, it is called ostiroza, which means "autumn rose" in Russian.

The smell of late flowers is inimitable. Combining the main smells of autumn, they convey the freshness of rain, the withering of leaves, and the bitter smell of pine needles.

There is a belief: if you stand among the asters at night and listen carefully, you can hear a barely perceptible whisper - this is how the asters communicate with their sisters - the stars. And no wonder - according to legend, the aster grew from a speck of dust that fell from a star. And the legend was generated by astronomers, more precisely, the Parisian astronomer Alexandre-Henri-Gabriel Cassini. Cassini studied the science of celestial bodies and devoted the rest of his life to botany. And he succeeded so much in the study of the Compositae family that at one time they even tried to rename them after him.

In 1826, he singled out a new genus of callistefus from the family of asters, which in ancient Greek means " beautiful flower".

So 100 years before him, the monk Incarville called the asters brought from China, while Cassini discovered this name in the old records of the botanist Zhussier.

In the botanical system, two different kinds of these plants in everyday life and in floricultural practice are equally referred to as asters: callistefuses are annual or Chinese asters, and real asters are perennial.

26 species of true asters grow in our country, and 6 of them are endemic. Far East(i.e. grow only in this region). The most interesting of them are the 1.5-meter-high spring-flowering aster fori and the luxurious-leaved aster with unique leathery palm-sized leaves.

Karel Capek wrote in his book "The Year of the Gardener": "But it happens that in the spring you plant some kind of aster, and by October it will give you a two-meter virgin forest into which you are afraid to enter because you are not sure that you will find your way back."

Chapek was not mistaken: the New England aster reaches two meters in height, and the New Belgian or Virginian aster is one hundred and eighty centimeters in height, with numerous branched, woody shoots, each of which blooms up to 200 flower baskets so brightly and densely that leaves are not visible behind them at all. It is very difficult for a person who has entered their thickets to come back.

Noticing beautiful system Virginian aster, gardeners began to plant it to strengthen the banks, and now the aster brings not only practical benefits, but, blooming, and more than once, reflected in the water, enhances the aesthetic impact. Her variety Blue Jewel is also a good honey plant.

Asters Altai and Tatar are used in Tibetan folk medicine. And asters shaggy and Tatar are living indicators for geologists: on soils rich in nickel, they change the color of flowers, as if telling people where to look for deposits of this metal.

What forms have breeders not brought out over these 200-odd years! Here and undersized branchy small-flowered - for curb plantings, and tall terry - for bouquets.

Now in the world collection there are more than 600 varieties of asters. They are very varied. Bushes are pyramidal, columnar, oval or sprawling. Plant height - from 15 to 100 centimeters, flowers - with a diameter of 2 to 16 centimeters - have a wide variety of colors and shapes. Flowering time - from 40 days early varieties, up to 85 - in the later ones. To understand this diversity, a classification was created that divided the varieties into 10 types, the names of which very figuratively describe appearance inflorescences: tubular, simple, semi-double, coronal, curly, ray, needle, hemispherical, spherical and imbricate.

You look at these forms and colors and you just don’t believe that two or three centuries ago they didn’t exist, but there was only a modest blue-violet flower that traveled thousands of kilometers with such difficulty to become a favorite of European flower growers.

Life is short: Break the rules - Goodbye quickly - Kiss slowly - Love sincerely - Laugh uncontrollably. And never regret what made you smile.

Aster (lat. Aster) is a genus of herbaceous plants of the Aster family, or Compositae (Asteraceae), including more than 200 species widely distributed in culture as ornamental plants with beautiful flowers(actually it's not individual flowers, but inflorescences).
"Aster" - Latin transcription of the Greek "asteros" - star, the name is given for the shape of the inflorescences.
The birthplace of the wild ancestors of the annual aster is the northern regions of Korea, Manchuria and China.
The genus includes, according to various estimates, from 200 to 500 species, of which more than half grow wild in Central and North America.
Asters are annual and perennial rhizomatous herbs with simple leaves. Inflorescences - baskets collected in complex complexes in the form of a shield or panicle; marginal flowers- reed, their color is very diverse; central - small, tubular, as a rule, yellow color. The inflorescences of asters are large, simple, double or semi-double, of various colors.
Plants have powerful, well-branched roots. The bulk of the roots is located at a depth of 15-20 cm, some of them penetrate even deeper into the soil. And so the aster is well supplied with water and nutrients.
Blooms from late July to late autumn.

Astra is rightfully called the queen of the autumn flower garden: she is beautiful, unpretentious and blooms for a long time. Luxurious bouquets of asters keep fresh for more than two weeks.
"Astra" is Greek for "star". Asters are white, pink, yellow, red, blue, purple, with many shades, light and dark. But asters differ not only in color. There are terry asters with a large number of narrow petals sticking out in all directions. In some, the petals are straight, in others, wavy, bent inward, like a peony, in others, narrow, pointed - needle-shaped.
The needle-shaped aster is especially similar to a star that has fallen from the sky: the middle is large, warm yellow, and petals-rays depart from it.

The first aster flowers were completely different and came to Europe 250 years ago from China. At that time, the most contradictory information was available about the flora and fauna of China. Only a few of the Europeans managed to visit there, because entry into this country for foreigners was strictly prohibited.
One of the first to penetrate this unknown world were priests - itinerant preachers. They not only tried to preach Christianity among the locals, but also studied the manners and customs of the Chinese, the history and culture of the country, flora and fauna. It was not easy, and sometimes missionary priests were forced to use cunning and bribery.
So it was in 1728, when the French monk Nicola Incarville arrived in China. Unlike the others, he had a special assignment from the director of the royal Trianon Gardens at Versailles, Jussieu. For six months, Jussier taught Incarville the basics of botany, the ability to recognize, describe and grow plants.
Secretly, hiding from the eyes of the officials of the Chinese emperor, Incarville bartered and bought plants, which he then sent to France. In one of the parcels, the seeds of garden aster were also sent to Versailles. This flower attracted the attention of French gardeners and, in particular, the owners of the well-known gardening company Vilmorin. Very soon the first varieties appeared, and the aster rightfully began to be called garden.
It seemed that their inflorescences looked like either an ordinary chamomile, or the flowers of a peony or daisy, or a basket of chrysanthemums with intricately curved petals. In France, they were called the "queen of daisies."
Gardeners were not very mistaken: both the aster and the daisy are from one very large family of Compositae.
The peculiarity of the plants of this family is that their so-called flowers are not flowers, but inflorescences-baskets filled with small tridentate flowers closely pressed to each other. Only marginal flowers have one large tongue, petal.

Aster flowers are one of the oldest plants. When a 2000-year-old royal tomb was opened near Simferopol, among various garlands of aconite leaves, laurel and pine cones, they saw an image of an aster flower.
The aster was considered an amulet by the ancient Greeks.
Interestingly, the images of aster flowers were on the caps of the soldiers of the Hungarian Red Army. It was worn by poets and writers Antaya Gidash, Iozsef Fodor, Dola Yiesz, Mate Zalka.

In the Hungarian language of flowers, the aster represents autumn, it is called ostiroza, which means "autumn rose" in Russian.
The smell of late flowers is inimitable. Combining the main smells of autumn, they convey the freshness of rain, the withering of leaves, and the bitter smell of pine needles.
There is a belief: if you stand among the asters at night and listen carefully, you can hear a barely perceptible whisper - this is how the asters communicate with their sisters - the stars. And no wonder - according to legend, the aster grew from a speck of dust that fell from a star. And the legend was generated by astronomers, more precisely, the Parisian astronomer Alexandre-Henri-Gabriel Cassini. Cassini studied the science of celestial bodies in his youth, and devoted the rest of his life to botany. And he succeeded so much in the study of the Compositae family that at one time they even tried to rename them after him.

Astra in Chinese means beauty, charm, modesty, humility and elegance.
The ancient Greeks symbolize love and is dedicated to Aphrodite.
Astra is a symbol of love, grace, sophistication, as well as memories.

An ancient legend says that the aster grew from a speck of dust that fell from a star. Already in Ancient Greece people were familiar with the constellation Virgo, which was associated with the goddess of love, Aphrodite. According to ancient Greek myth the aster arose from cosmic dust when the Virgin looked down from the sky and wept.

There is another legend about the appearance of asters on earth: two Taoist monks decided to go to the stars. For a long time they walked through the prickly forest. We made our way through the thickets of juniper. We climbed the barely visible mountain paths. They glided over the snowy glaciers. Until they reached the top high mountain Altai. But, having reached the top, they saw that the stars were still high in the sky and did not get closer. Long was the way back. The monks had no food or water left, they skinned the body into blood, tore their clothes. Almost without strength, they descended from the mountains, and came to a beautiful meadow, where a clear stream flowed and wonderful flowers grew. “Look,” one of the monks said, “we have come such a hard way to see the beauty of the stars in the sky, and they, it turns out, live here on earth.” They dug up and brought some plants to the monastery and began to breed these flowers, calling them asters, which in Latin means stars.

In China, asters symbolize beauty, precision, elegance, charm and modesty.

For Hungarians, this flower is associated with autumn, which is why in Hungary the aster is called the “autumn rose”. In ancient times, people believed that if a few aster leaves were thrown into a fire, the smoke from this fire could drive out snakes.

The aster flower is a symbol of women born under astrological sign Virgin. Astra is a symbol of sadness. This flower was considered a gift to man from the gods, his amulet, amulet, a particle of his distant star. Therefore, the sadness symbolized by him is sadness for the lost paradise, for the impossibility of ascending into the sky.

MBC: a fateful meeting.
Love, sympathy, tenderness, passion, friendship, gallantry, association, cooperation, fame, happiness.

Asters are known for their useful properties. Some varieties are excellent honey plants. Others have found use in Tibetan medicine. There are even "geologist's assistants" that change the color of flowers depending on the presence of ore deposits nearby. New Belgian or virgin aster is widely used to strengthen the banks of reservoirs.

Astra is rightfully called the queen of the autumn flower garden: she is beautiful, unpretentious and blooms for a long time. Luxurious bouquets of asters keep fresh for more than two weeks. "Astra" is Greek for "star". Asters are white, pink, yellow, red, blue, purple, with many shades, light and dark. But asters differ not only in color. There are terry asters with a large number of narrow petals sticking out in all directions. In some, the petals are straight, in others, wavy, bent inward, like a peony, in others, narrow, pointed - needle-shaped. The needle-shaped aster is especially similar to a star that has fallen from the sky. The first aster flowers were completely different and came to Europe 250 years ago from China.

At that time, the most contradictory information was available about the flora and fauna of China. Only a few of the Europeans managed to visit there, because entry into this country for foreigners was strictly prohibited.

One of the first to penetrate into this unknown world were priests - itinerant preachers. They not only tried to preach Christianity among the locals, but also studied the manners and customs of the Chinese, the history and culture of the country, flora and fauna. It was not easy, and sometimes missionary priests were forced to use cunning and bribery.

So it was in 1728, when the French monk Nicola Incarville arrived in China. Unlike the others, he had a special assignment from the director of the royal Trianon Gardens at Versailles, Jussieu. For six months, Jussier taught Incarville the basics of botany, the ability to recognize, describe and grow plants.

Secretly, hiding from the eyes of the officials of the Chinese emperor, Incarville bartered and bought plants, which he then sent to France. In one of the parcels, the seeds of garden aster were also sent to Versailles. This flower attracted the attention of French gardeners and, in particular, the owners of the well-known gardening company Vilmorin.

Very soon the first varieties appeared, and the aster rightfully began to be called garden. Flowers bred from asters seeds turned out to be large, bright colors, with a yellow center. It seemed that their inflorescences looked like either an ordinary chamomile, or the flowers of a peony or daisy, or a basket of chrysanthemums with intricately curved petals.

In France, they were called the “queen of daisies.” The gardeners were not very mistaken: both the aster and the daisy are from one very large family of Compositae.

The peculiarity of the plants of this family is that their so-called flowers are not flowers, but inflorescences-baskets filled with small tridentate flowers closely pressed to each other. Only marginal flowers have one large tongue, petal.

Among the Chinese asters, there are about 4,000 varieties that botanists combine into 40 groups, 10 types and 3 classes. And the genus of asters has about 250 species. The peony asters, bred by the Versailles gardener Pruffaut, are extremely beautiful, and the famous French company Velmorin has grown about 400 species and forms of plants, among which there are luxurious varieties of annual asters.

They bloom from late summer until frost. Among the asters there are low and high ones with inflorescences of various colors - from snow-white, blue, cream, yellow, purple, dark red to two-color and even tri-color, with a diverse structure of flowers: chrysanthemum, pink, peony. The diameter of the flower of some varieties reaches 17 centimeters.

Annual asters were grown even in Antarctica at the Novolazarevskaya scientific station: in a small heated outbuilding under a transparent two-layer polyethylene roof with a five-centimeter air gap, as many as 6 bushes of pink asters bloomed among the white silence.

Aster flowers are one of the oldest plants. When a 2000-year-old royal tomb was opened near Simferopol, among various garlands of aconite leaves, laurel and pine cones, they saw an image of an aster flower. The aster was considered an amulet by the ancient Greeks.

Interestingly, the images of aster flowers were on the caps of the soldiers of the Hungarian Red Army. It was worn by poets and writers Antaya Gidash, Iozsef Fodor, Dola Yiesz, Mate Zalka. In the Hungarian language of flowers, the aster represents autumn, it is called ostiroza, which means “autumn rose” in Russian.

The smell of late flowers is inimitable. Combining the main smells of autumn, they convey the freshness of rain, the withering of leaves, and the bitter smell of pine needles. There is a belief: if you stand among the asters at night and listen carefully, you can hear a subtle whisper - this is how the asters communicate with their sisters - the stars.

And no wonder - according to legend, the aster grew from a speck of dust that fell from a star. And the legend was generated by astronomers, more precisely, the Parisian astronomer Alexandre-Henri-Gabriel Cassini. Cassini studied the science of celestial bodies in his youth, and devoted the rest of his life to botany. And he succeeded so much in the study of the Compositae family that at one time they even tried to rename them after him.

In 1826, he isolated a new genus of callistefus from the family of asters, which in ancient Greek means “beautiful flower”. So 100 years before him, the monk Incarville called the asters brought from China, while Cassini discovered this name in the old records of the botanist Zhussier.

In the botanical system, two different kinds of these plants in everyday life and in floricultural practice are equally referred to as asters: callistefuses are annual or Chinese asters, and real asters are perennial.

26 species of true asters grow in our country, and 6 of them are endemic to the Far East (that is, they grow only in this region). The most interesting of them are the 1.5-meter-high spring-flowering aster fori and the luxurious-leaved aster with unique leathery palm-sized leaves.

Karel Capek wrote in his book “The Year of the Gardener”: “But it happens that in the spring you plant some kind of aster, and by October it will give you a two-meter virgin forest, which you are afraid to enter, because you are not sure that you will find your way back” .

Chapek was not mistaken: the New England aster reaches two meters in height, and the New Belgian or Virginian aster is one hundred and eighty centimeters in height, with numerous branched, woody shoots, each of which blooms up to 200 flower baskets so brightly and densely that leaves are not visible behind them at all. It is very difficult for a person who has entered their thickets to come back.

Noticing the beautiful system of the virgin aster, gardeners began to plant it to strengthen the banks, and now the aster brings not only practical benefits, but, blooming, and more than once, reflected in the water, enhances the aesthetic impact. Her variety Blue Jewel is also a good honey plant.

Altai and Tatar asters are used in Tibetan folk medicine. And asters shaggy and Tatar are living indicators for geologists: on soils rich in nickel, they change the color of flowers, as if telling people where to look for deposits of this metal.

What forms have breeders not brought out over these 200-odd years! Here and undersized branchy small-flowered - for curb plantings, and tall terry - for bouquets.

Now in the world collection there are more than 600 varieties of asters. They are very varied. Bushes are pyramidal, columnar, oval or sprawling. Plant height - from 15 to 100 centimeters, flowers - with a diameter of 2 to 16 centimeters - have a wide variety of colors and shapes. The duration of flowering - from 40 days - in early varieties, up to 85 - in late ones.

To understand this diversity, a classification was created that divided the varieties into 10 types, the names of which very figuratively describe the appearance of the inflorescences: tubular, simple, semi-double, coronal, curly, ray, needle, hemispherical, spherical and tiled.

CALLISTEPHUS or ASTRA ANNUAL (CALLISTEPHUS) fam. Compositae

The annual aster is used as ornamental plant from the middle of the 19th century

Aster has long been loved for the beauty of its inflorescences, for abundant and long flowering, for unpretentiousness.

Asters bloom in autumn in almost any garden.

Name: comes from the Greek words 'callinos' - beautiful and 'stephos' - a wreath, inflorescences resemble a wreath in structure.

Use: depending on the height of the stem and the decorativeness of the inflorescences, astas are suitable for flower beds, group plantings and borders in the garden or for decorating balconies and terraces.

Astra is unusually beautiful in bouquets.

Lush or graceful, its light inflorescences on long, strong stems are magnificent in large bouquets.

From small-flowered varieties, lovely boutonnieres and bouquets are obtained.

Cut aster flowers remain fresh in water in bouquets for up to 14 days.

We must not forget only to wash the stems and change the water in the vases to fresh.

Astra is the queen of the autumn flower garden.

To decorate flower beds, special varieties of dwarf size have been created.

Low-growing varieties (varieties of Dwarf royal asters, Triumph, Milady's garden group, etc.) are also excellent in large groups on the green lawn.

In recent times, asters were planted in city flower beds and flower beds after biennials that had faded and lost their decorative effect - forget-me-nots or daisies.

You can also use aster to replace faded early spring bulbs.

Planted side by side, they will cover the bulbs that fall asleep in the summer and protect them from overheating in the hot summer, and they will save them from weeds.

You can plant an aster in flower beds at any time.

The roots of the aster are very branched and are easily restored if slightly cut off during transplantation.

Therefore, even adult plants can be transplanted, with buds or already blooming, grown in the "reserve".

Asters are beautiful on balconies and loggias, you can keep them in flowerpots in cool rooms and winter gardens.

For this purpose, breeders have also created special varieties, two lovely garden groups: Petito and Pinocchio.

In the collection of annual asters there are varieties suitable for growing in greenhouses.

They bloom with a certain growing technology at non-traditional dates for asters: early spring or late autumn - in November.

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Description: the genus is represented by 1 species.

Callistefus Chinese, or Astra annual - C. chinensis (L.) Nees

Motherland - southwest of the Far East, China, Mongolia, Korea.

annual herbaceous plant with a powerful, fibrous, broadly branched root system.

The stems are green, sometimes reddish, hard, erect, simple or branched.

The leaves are arranged in the next order, the lower ones are on petioles, broadly oval or oval-rhombic, unevenly large-toothed, serrate or town-shaped along the edge; upper - seated.

Inflorescence - a basket consisting of reed and tubular flowers.

Blooms from July to late autumn.

Seed fruit.

Seeds ripen 30-40 days after the start of flowering, remain viable for 2-3 years.

In 1 g 450-500 seeds.

The wild-growing annual aster is not very decorative.

The culture has long used numerous hybrid varieties, differing in shape, size, structure and color of inflorescences; according to the shape and size of the bush and flowering time.

Classification.

There are over 4,000 varieties belonging to more than 40 groups in the world assortment.

The most widely used are usually about 200 varieties of 20 groups.

Breeding work with this culture has been going on for a very long time.

For the first time varieties with terry inflorescences were obtained in France, from there they were brought to England, where in mid-eighteenth centuries, breeders brought red and purple terry varieties, and by the end of the century - pink, lilac and purple.

By the beginning of the 20th century, there were many cultivars of a wide variety of colors - from white to dark purple.

In the 40s of the 19th century, undersized and compact varieties, as well as tubular, needle-shaped and peony-shaped asters, a little later - tiled, rose-shaped and chrysanthemum-shaped.

The end of the 19th century was marked by the appearance of varieties that were combined into the Ostrich Feather group.

In the 19th century, the selection of these plants was actively worked in Germany, where the foundations of seed production of this crop were simultaneously laid.

American breeders showed interest in aster in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and developed varieties with very large inflorescences, sometimes even to the detriment of decorativeness.

In Russia, the selection of asters began in the late 20s of the XX century.

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Location: photophilous plant, cold-resistant.

It reaches the greatest decorative effect when grown in conditions of moderate temperature and humidity of air and soil, prefers open, sunny places, but also tolerates partial shade.

Soil: Grows best in light, fertile soils acidity close to neutral.

The introduction of manure under this crop leads to the defeat of plants by Fusarium.

For this reason, asters should not be planted after gladioli, tulips, carnations and returned to their original site earlier than after 4-5 years.

The best precursors are calendula and tagetes.

Doses of fertilizers are indicated approximately.

Specific doses must be calculated on the basis of agrochemical analysis of soil samples.

Care: normal.

In dry weather, abundant watering is necessary, but asters are very sensitive to excessive moisture and do not tolerate damp soils and close groundwater at all.

On well-fertilized soils, with abundant watering with top dressing, asters will bloom profusely until frost.

Plants are fed mainly with mineral fertilizers: they have a positive effect on the growth of bushes, the abundance and duration of flowering, and the brightness of the color of the inflorescences.

Organic fertilizers - chicken manure (1:20) are used only on poor soils.

The first top dressing with complete mineral fertilizer is carried out 1.5-2 weeks after planting the seedlings in the ground, when the plants are fully established: 8-10 g of ammonium nitrate or urea, 15-20 g of superphosphate, 10-15 g of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride per 1 m2.

Fertilizer can be applied dry and dissolved in water.

The next two top dressings are carried out during the period of budding and flowering, nitrogen fertilizers are excluded from the composition of top dressings, since they significantly reduce the resistance of plants to Fusarium.

30-40 g of superphosphate and 15-25 g of potash fertilizers are applied per 1 m2.

Diseases and pests:

Most often, asters are affected by Fusarium.

As a preventive measure for this disease, it is recommended to spray plants with a 0.01-0.05% solution of trace elements: potassium permanganate, boric acid, molybdenum-acid ammonium, sulfate salts of zinc, copper, magnesium, cobalt.

Plants are also affected by rot of the roots and the base of the stem (late blight, rhizoctoniosis, sclerotinia), rust, jaundice, nematodes, aphids, scoops, slugs, spider mites.