Do-it-yourself semi-automatic welding from an inverter. Do-it-yourself semi-automatic inverter

Any welder knows about the advantages of a semiautomatic device over manual electric welding. Due to their high prevalence and low cost, MMA inverters are in the arsenal of many craftsmen. But with MIG welding, the matter is different - these devices are more expensive. But, there is a way out - you can make a semi-automatic device from an inverter with your own hands. If you delve into this issue, the matter will not be so difficult.

There are fundamental differences between MMA and MIG welding. For the operation of the semiautomatic device, carbon dioxide (or a mixture of carbon dioxide and argon) and an electrode wire are needed, which is supplied to the welding site through a special hose. Those. the very principle of semi-automatic welding is more complicated, but it is universal and its use is justified. What is needed for the operation of a semi-automatic device:

• wire feeder;
• burner;
• hose for wire and gas supply to the heating pad;
• current source with constant voltage.
• And to turn welding inverter into a semi-automatic, you need a tool, time and desire.

Training

Making a semi-automatic welding machine at home begins with work planning. There are two options for making MIG welding from an inverter:

1. Completely make a semi-automatic welding machine with your own hands.
2. To remake only the inverter - the feeding mechanism is ready to be purchased.

In the first case, the cost of parts for the feeder will be about 1000 rubles, excluding work, of course. If the factory semiautomatic device includes everything in one case, then the home-made one will consist of two parts:

1. Welding inverter.
2. Drawer with feeder and wire reel.

First, you need to decide on the case for the second part of the semiautomatic device. It is desirable that it be light and roomy. The feed mechanism must be kept clean, otherwise the wire will be jerky, in addition, periodically you need to change the spools and adjust the mechanism. Therefore, the box should be easy to close and open.

The ideal option is to use the old system unit:

1. neat appearance- it doesn’t really matter, but it’s much more pleasant when the insides of the homemade product do not stick out and the semi-automatic device from the MMA inverter looks good;
2. light, closed;
3. the case is thin - it is easy to make the necessary cutouts;
4. the gas valve and the wire feed drive operate on 12 volts. Therefore, a power supply from a computer is suitable, and it is already built into the case.

Now you need to estimate the size and location of future parts in the case. You can cut out approximate layouts from cardboard and check them mutual arrangement. After that, you can start work.

The best option for electrode wire is a coil weighing 5 kg. Her external diameter 200 mm, internal - 50 mm. For the axis of rotation, you can use a sewer pvc pipe. Its outer diameter is 50 mm.

Burner

Homemade semi-automatic must be equipped with a burner. You can make it yourself, but it's better to buy ready kit, which includes:

1. Burner with a set of tips of different diameters.
2. Supply hose.
3. Euro connector.

A normal burner can be purchased for 2-3 thousand rubles. Moreover, the device is homemade, so you can not chase expensive brands.

What to look for when choosing a kit:

• what welding current is the torch designed for;
• the length and rigidity of the hose is the main task of the hose, to ensure the free flow of the wire to the torch. If it is soft, any kink will slow down the movement;
• springs near the connector and burner - they prevent the hose from breaking.

Feeder

The electrode wire must be fed continuously and evenly - then the welding will turn out to be of high quality. The feed rate must be adjustable. There are three options for how to make a device:

1. Buy a fully assembled mechanism. Expensive, but fast.
2. Buy feed reels only.
3. Do everything with your own hands.

If the third option is chosen, you will need:

• two bearings, guide roller, tension spring;
• wire feed motor - a motor from wipers is suitable;
• metal plate for fastening the mechanism.

One pressure bearing - it must be adjustable, the second serves as a support for the roller. Manufacturing principle:

• holes are made on the plate for the motor shaft and for mounting bearings;
• the motor is fixed behind the plate;
• a guide roller is put on the shaft;
• bearings are fixed at the top and bottom;

Bearings are best placed on metal strips - one end is bolted to the main plate, and a spring with an adjusting bolt is connected to the other.

The made mechanism is placed in the body so that the rollers are in line with the connector for the burner, i.e. so that the wire does not break. Before the rollers, you need to install a rigid tube to align the wire.

Implementation of the electrical part

For this you will need:

• two automotive relays;
• diode;
• PWM controller for the engine;
• capacitor with transistor;
• idle solenoid valve - for supplying gas to the burner. Any VAZ model will do, for example, from the eight;
• wires.

The wire and gas feed control scheme is quite simple and is implemented as follows:

• when the button on the burner is pressed, relay No. 1 and relay No. 2 are activated;
• relay No. 1 turns on the gas supply valve;
• relay No. 2 is paired with a capacitor and turns on the wire feed with a delay;
• wire pulling is done by an additional button bypassing the gas supply relay;
• to remove self-induction from solenoid valve, a diode is connected to it.
• It is necessary to provide for the connection of the burner to power cable from the inverter. To do this, next to the euro connector, you can install a quick connector and connect it to the burner.

The semi-automatic device has the following sequence of work:

1. The gas supply is turned on.
2. After a short delay, the wire feed is switched on.

Such a sequence is needed so that the wire immediately enters the protective environment. If you make a semi-automatic without delay, the wire will stick. To implement it, you will need a capacitor and a transistor through which the engine control relay is connected. Operating principle:

• voltage is applied to the capacitor;
• it is charging;
• current is applied to the transistor;
• the relay turns on.

The capacitance of the capacitor must be selected so that the delay is approximately 0.5 seconds - this is enough to fill the weld pool.

After assembly, the mechanism needs to be tested, and the manufacturing process can be seen on the video.

Alteration of the inverter

To make a semiautomatic device from a conventional inverter with your own hands, you will have to slightly redo its electrical part. If you connect the MMA inverter to the assembled case, you will be able to cook. But at the same time, the quality of welding will be far from the factory semiautomatic device. It's all about the CVC - current-voltage characteristics. The arc inverter produces a falling characteristic - the output voltage floats. And for the correct operation of the semiautomatic device, a rigid characteristic is required - the device maintains a constant voltage at the output.

Therefore, in order to use your inverter as a current source, you need to change its CVC (voltage characteristic). For this you will need:

• toggle switch, wires;
• variable resistor and two constant;

It is quite easy to get a hard characteristic on an inverter. To do this, you need to put a voltage divider in front of the shunt that controls the welding current. For the divider, fixed resistors are used. Now you can get the necessary millivolts, which will be proportional to the output voltage, and not the current strength. There is only one minus in such a scheme - the arc turns out to be too rigid. To mitigate it, you can use a variable resistor, which is connected to the divider and the output of the shunt.

The advantage of this approach is that there is an adjustment of the stiffness of the arc - such a setting is only in professional semi-automatic machines. A toggle switch switches the inverter between MMA and MIG modes.

Thus, converting an MMA inverter into a semiautomatic device, although not an easy task, is quite feasible. As a result, a device is obtained that is not inferior to the factory ones in terms of its characteristics. But it is also much cheaper. The cost of such an alteration is 4-5 thousand rubles.

The choice of household welding machines on modern market huge - from transformer and inverter to devices plasma cutting. The main area of ​​​​use of this electrical equipment for domestic purposes is the repair of auto and motorcycle equipment, welding work on small construction sites (cottage construction). In this article, I propose to consider some points on the modernization of household transformer welding machines using the example of BlueWeld welding model Gamma 4.185.

Consider circuit diagram apparatus - as you can see, nothing complicated - an ordinary power transformer, with a primary winding of 220 / 400V, with thermal protection and a cooling fan.

The operating current of the device (from 25 to 160A) is regulated by means of the retractable part of the transformer core. The device is designed to work with coated electrodes from 1.5 to 4 mm in diameter. What was the prerequisite for the modernization of this device? First of all, the instability of the supply voltage in the area where the use of this device was planned - on other days it barely reached 170V (by the way, some inverter devices simply do not start at this supply voltage). In addition, the device is not originally intended for making welds with high aesthetic characteristics (for example, when using electric arc welding in the process of artistic cold forging metal or when welding thin-walled profile pipes) - in general, the main purpose of the device was to "solder" two iron blanks together. Among other things, it was very difficult to "ignite" the arc with this welding even at the rated supply voltage - there is no need to talk about low voltage at all. As a result, it was decided, first of all, to transfer the device to direct current (for the stability of the electric arc and, as a result, to increase the quality of the welded joint) and also to increase the output voltage for a more stable and easy ignition of the electrode. For these purposes, the rectifier / multiplier circuit designed by A. Trifonov was ideally suited - basic circuit diagram(a) and current-voltage characteristics (b) are shown in the figure.

a special role in this technical solution It would seem that a conventional rectifier, jumper X1X3 plays - inserting it, we get a rectifier device from a conventional diode bridge VD1-VD4 with a low-pass filter C1C2L1, at the output of which we have twice the voltage in idle mode (compared to the option of operating the device without a jumper). Let's take a closer look at how the circuit works. A positive voltage half-wave enters the semiconductor valve VD1 and, having charged the capacitor C1 to the maximum, returns to the beginning of the transformer winding. In the other half-cycle, the charge passes to the capacitor C2, and from it to the valve VD2 and then to the winding. Capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in such a way that the resulting voltage is equal to the total (twice) voltage, which is supplied through the choke to the electrode holder and thus contributes to stable ignition of the arc. Valves VD3 and VD4 with a closed jumper X2X3 and the absence of a welding arc do not participate in the operation of the circuit. The main advantage of the scheme is that when using conventional scheme bridge, there is a sharp decrease in the rectified voltage with an increase in the load current at the moment of ignition of the arc - it is necessary to install electrolytic capacitors of huge capacity - 15000 microfarads, and all this despite the fact that at the moment the electrode touches the surfaces to be welded and the high-capacity capacitor is instantly discharged, a plasma microexplosion occurs with destruction electrode coating, and this worsens the ignition. Now a little about the design details.

Semiconductor diodes D161 or V200 with standard radiators for them are applicable as diode bridge valves.

If you have 2 D161 diodes and 2 V200 diodes, you can make the bridge more compact - the diodes are made with different conductivity and the radiators can be fastened with studs directly to each other without using gaskets. As capacitors, reinsured, I used a set of non-polar capacitors MBGO (you can MBGCH, MBGP).

The capacity of each turned out to be 400 microfarads, which was quite enough for the stable operation of the device. The current inductor L1 is wound on the core from the transformer TC-270 with a wire with a cross section of 10 mm square.

We wind until the window is completely filled. When assembling, between the halves of the transformer core we lay textolite plates with a thickness of 0.5 mm. Since it was planned to use the apparatus for welding thin-walled profile pipes, the negative terminal of the rectifier was connected to the electrode holder, and the positive one to the "crocodile" mass. The tests carried out showed the following results: stable ignition of the arc; confident maintenance of arc burning; excellent thermal conditions during long-term operation (10 electrodes in a row); good quality welds (compared to using a machine without a straightener). Conclusion - the modernization of the welding machine using the Trifonov rectifier significantly improves its performance in all respects.

Advantages of welding machines direct current before their "alternating current counterparts" are well known. This includes soft arc ignition, the ability to connect thin-walled parts, less metal spatter, and the absence of non-welding areas. There is not even an annoying (and, as it turned out, harmful to people) cod. And all because there is no main feature inherent in AC welding machines - intermittent arc burning when the sinusoid of the supply voltage flows through zero

Rice. 1. Graphs explaining the process of welding on alternating (a) and direct (b) current.

Moving from graphs to real designs, it should also be noted: in AC machines, to improve and facilitate welding, powerful transformers are used (the magnetic circuit is made of special electrical iron with a steeply falling characteristic) and a deliberately overestimated voltage in the secondary winding, reaching up to 80 V, although for 25-36 V is enough to support the arc burning and metal deposition in the welding zone. We have to put up with the prohibitively large mass and dimensions of the apparatus, increased power consumption. By reducing the voltage, which is transformed into secondary circuit, up to 36 V, it is possible to lighten the weight of the “welder” by 5-6 times, bring its dimensions to the size of a portable TV while improving other performance characteristics.

But how to ignite an arc with a low-voltage winding?

The solution was to introduce a diode bridge with a capacitor into the secondary circuit. As a result, the output voltage of the modernized "welder" was increased by almost 1.5 times. The opinion of experts is confirmed in practice: when the 40-volt DC barrier is exceeded, the arc easily ignites and burns steadily, allowing even thin body metal to be welded.

Rice. 2. Schematic diagram of a DC welding machine.

The latter, however, is easily explained. With the introduction of a large capacity into the circuit, the characteristic of the welding machine also turns out to be steeply falling (Fig. 3). The initial value created by the capacitor overvoltage makes it easier to strike the arc. And when the potential on the welding electrode drops to U2 of the transformer (working point "A"), a process of stable arc burning with metal deposition in the welding zone will occur.

Fig.3. Volt-ampere characteristic of the welding machine at direct current.

The "welder" recommended by the author can be assembled even at home, based on an industrial power transformer 220-36 / 42 V (these are usually used in systems for safe lighting and powering low-voltage factory equipment). After verifying the integrity of the primary winding, containing, as a rule, 250 turns insulated wire with a cross section of 1.5 mm2, check the secondary ones. If their condition is not important, everything (with the exception of a working network winding) is deleted without regret. And in the vacated space, a new secondary winding is wound (until the “window” is filled). For the recommended 1.5 kVA transformer, this is 46 turns of a 20 mm2 copper or aluminum bus with good insulation. Moreover, a cable (or several insulated single-core wires twisted into a bundle) with a total cross section of 20 mm2 is quite suitable as a bus.

The choice of the cross section of the electrodes depending on the power of the transformer.

The rectifier bridge can be assembled from semiconductor diodes with an operating current of 120-160 A by installing them on heat sinks-radiators 100x100 mm. It is most convenient to place such a bridge in the same housing with a transformer and a capacitor, bringing to the front textolite panel a 16-ampere switch, an “On” signal light eye, as well as “plus” and “minus” terminals (Fig. 4). And to connect to the electrode holder and the "ground" use a segment of a single-core cable of the appropriate length with a copper cross section of 20-25 mm2. As for the welding electrodes themselves, their diameter depends on the power of the transformer used.

Rice. 4. Homemade welding machine for DC welding.

And further. When testing, it is recommended that, by disconnecting the device (10 minutes after welding) from the mains, check thermal regimes transformer, diode bridge and capacitor. Only after making sure that everything is in order, you can continue to work. After all, an overheated "welder" is a source of increased danger!

Of the other requirements, it is worth noting, I think, that the welding machine must be equipped with a spark-protective mask, gloves and a rubber mat. The place where welding work is carried out is equipped in accordance with the requirements fire safety. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that there are no rags or other combustible materials nearby, and the connection of the “welder” to the network must be carried out in compliance with electrical safety rules through a powerful plug connector of the electrical panel at the entrance to the building.

V.Konovalov, Irkutsk
Mk 04 1998

If you decide to assemble a semi-automatic welding machine with your own hands from an inverter, a diagram and detailed instructions will become indispensable companions on the way to achieving your goal. The easiest way is to purchase factory semi-automatic devices such as Cedar 160, Kaiser Mig 300 with the required Ampere rating. But many tend to do everything with their own hands. It is not so easy, but if you want to achieve a positive result, you will be able to.

Mig, Mag, MMA welding requires the use of appropriate devices. Mig Mag is semi-automatic welding, which is performed in an inert argon gas environment. Sometimes carbon dioxide is used for Mig Mag welding. MMA welding is called manual arc processing with electrodes on which a special coating is applied. If you are working with stainless steel, then MMA welding is carried out only with direct current.

Since we are talking about how you can assemble a full-fledged inverter-based semi-automatic device with your own hands, you are not interested in MMA, but Mig Mag welding.

To assemble a home-made device, a worthy analogue for Kedr 160, Kaiser Mig 300, with your own hands, you will need a diagram, video instruction and necessary elements semi-automatic designs. These include:

• inverter. Determine its welding ability by selecting the supplied current. Typically, craftsmen assemble devices capable of delivering 150 amps, 170 amps, or 190 amps. The more Amperes, the higher the ability of your welding device;
• feed mechanism. We will tell about it separately;
• Burner;
• Hose for supplying electrodes;
• Spool with special wire. This prefix is ​​easily attached to the structure in any way convenient for you;
• Control unit for your welding machine.

Now with regard to the feed mechanism for the semi-automatic and some important points.

1. He is responsible for supplying the electrodes with a flexible hose to the welding point.
2. The optimum feed rate of the electrode wire corresponds to the rate of its melting at welding work with your own hands.
3. The quality of the hand-made seam depends on the wire feed speed.
4. It is recommended to make a semi-automatic with the ability to adjust the speed. This will allow you to adapt the semiautomatic device to different type used electrodes.
5. The most popular electrode wires have a diameter of 0.8 to 1.6 mm. It must be wound on a coil and charged the inverter.
6. If you provide fully automated feeding, you do not have to do it yourself, and therefore the time spent on welding activities will be significantly reduced.
7. The control unit is equipped with an adjustment channel, which is responsible for stabilizing the current.
8. The behavior of Ampere, that is, the semiautomatic current, is regulated by a special microcontroller. It performs its work in the pulse-width mode of operation. The voltage created in the capacitor directly depends on its filling. This affects the welding current parameters.

Semiautomatic transformer preparation

In order for a self-made semiautomatic device to work no worse than a Kedr 160, Kaiser Mig 300 type welding machine, it is necessary to understand the features of transformer preparation.

• Wrap it with a copper strip. Its width should be 4 cm, and thickness - 30;
• Before this, the strip is wrapped with thermal paper. Suitable material used in cash registers. It is not difficult to acquire such paper;
• In this case, the circuit does not allow the use of ordinary thick wiring, otherwise it will start to overheat;
• The secondary winding must be done by using three layers of tin at once;
• Fluoroplastic tape is used to isolate each layer of tin from each other;
• At the output, with your own hands, you will need to solder the ends-contacts from the secondary winding. This is necessary in order to increase the conductivity of the current;
• Be sure to provide a fan in the inverter housing. It will serve as a blowing mechanism that reduces overheating of the equipment.

Inverter setting

There are no problems with the work of Kedr 160, Kaiser Mig 300. Cedar 160 and Kaiser Mig 300 are factory equipment that have excellent specifications. These semi-automatic machines function perfectly, allow you to receive required amount Amperes - 160 Amperes, 170, 190 Amperes, etc. It all depends on how you set up the device.

But if you decide to remake the inverter and make it a semi-automatic device, then the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbuying a Cedar 160, Kaiser Mig 300 should be thrown aside.

After completing work with the transformer, you should move on to the inverter. If done correct settings the inverter itself, the alteration will bring the desired result. And therefore homemade semi-automatic will function no worse than the finished device Kedr 160, Kaiser Mig 300.

1. Be sure to include high efficiency heatsinks used for rectifiers (input and output) and power switches. Without them, the device will not work properly.
2. Inside the radiator case, which heats up the most, a temperature sensor should be installed to trigger it in case of overheating.
3. Connect the power unit to the control unit and plug it into the working network.
4. When the indicator is activated, you should connect an oscilloscope to the wires.
5. Look for bipolar impulses. Their frequency is in the range from 40 to 50 kHz.
6. The time parameters between pulses are adjusted by changing the input voltage. The time indicator should correspond to 1.5 µs.
7. Watch the inverter output square wave on the oscilloscope. Edges should not exceed 500 ns.
8. When the device has passed the test, connect it to the mains.
9. The indicator built into the semiautomatic device should give out 120 amperes. The parameters can reach up to 170, 190 amperes. But if the device does not show this value, you will have to go in search of the causes of low voltage in the wires.
10. Typically, this situation occurs when the voltage is less than 100 V.
11. Now we are testing the semi-automatic welding machine by starting the machine with variable current. In this case, constantly monitor the voltage across the capacitor.
12. We complete the test by checking the temperature indicators.
13. Check how the device behaves in the case of a loaded state. Similar initial tests should be carried out with the Kedr 160 and Kaiser Mig 300. Although the Kedr 160 and Kaiser Mig 300 are factory semi-automatic machines from trusted manufacturers, it will never be superfluous to make sure that they are professionally suitable.
14. To test a homemade inverter or Kedr 160 with Kaiser Mig 300, you need to connect a 0.5 ohm load rheostat to the welding wires. Make sure that this element can withstand a load of more than 60 Amps. The voltmeter controls the current parameters.
15. If the test of the semiautomatic device showed that the set current value and the controlled value are different, it will be necessary to change the resistance. Do this until you get a positive result.

Assembling a device that will act as a full-fledged analogue for Kedr 160 and Kaiser Mig 300 is not so easy, but possible. You yourself determine whether the semiautomatic device will produce 120 or all 190 amperes. Make it easier to choose a factory model. But they are also priced accordingly. The price of the same Kedr 160 Mig semiautomatic device is from 27 thousand rubles. But the decision is up to you.

A semi-automatic welding machine can be homemade, made from an inverter. We must say right away that it is not easy to make a semi-automatic welding machine from an inverter with your own hands, but not impossible. Anyone who plans to make a semi-automatic device with their own hands from an inverter should study the principle of its operation, watch a video or photo on this topic if necessary, prepare necessary accessories and equipment.

How to convert an inverter into a semi-automatic

For work you will need:

FROMsemi-automatic welding circuit

Particular attention is paid to the alteration of the feeder, which feeds the wire into the welding zone, which moves along flexible hose. To obtain a high-quality neat weld, the speed of wire feed through the flexible hose and the speed of its melting must match.

When welding semiautomatically, wires of different diameters and from different materials, so it should be possible to control the speed of its supply. This is what the feed mechanism does.

The most common wire diameters in our case: 0.8; one; 1.2 and 1.6 mm. Before welding, the wire is wound on coils, which are attachments fixed with simple fasteners. The wire is fed automatically during the welding process, which significantly reduces the time of the technological operation and increases efficiency.

The main element of the electronic circuit of the control unit is a microcontroller responsible for the stabilization and regulation of the welding current. The current parameters and the ability to regulate them depend on this element.

We remake the inverter transformer

Do-it-yourself semi-automatic welding can be done by altering the inverter transformer. To bring the characteristics of the inverter transformer in accordance with the required, it is wrapped with a copper strip wrapped with thermal paper. Ordinary thick wire is not used for these purposes, because it will get very hot.

The secondary winding is also being redone. For this you need:

• Wind the winding from three layers of tin, each of which is insulated with fluoroplastic tape.
• The ends of the windings are soldered to each other to increase the conductivity of the currents.

In the design diagram of the inverter used for inclusion in the semiautomatic device, a fan must be provided to cool the device.

Setting

When making a semiautomatic device from an inverter, first de-energize the equipment. To prevent the device from overheating, place its input and output rectifiers, as well as power switches, on heatsinks.

After completing the above procedures, connect the power section to the control box and connect it to the mains. When the mains indicator lights up, connect an oscilloscope to the outputs of the inverter. Use an oscilloscope to find electrical pulses at 40-50 kHz. Between the formation of pulses, 1.5 μs should pass, and this is regulated by changing the magnitude of the voltage supplied to the input.

Oscillogram of welding current and voltage: on reverse polarity - on the left, on straight polarity - on the right

Check that the pulses that are reflected on the oscilloscope screen are rectangular, and their front is no more than 500 ns. If the parameters being checked are as they should be, connect the inverter to the mains.

The current that comes from the output must be at least 120A. If this value is less, it is likely that a voltage not exceeding 100 V is going into the wires of the equipment. In this case, the equipment is tested by changing the current strength (plus the voltage on the capacitor is constantly monitored). The temperature inside the device is also constantly monitored.

After testing, check the machine under load: connect a rheostat with a resistance of at least 0.5 Ohm to the welding wires. It must withstand a current of 60 A. The current supplied to the welding torch is controlled by an ammeter. If it does not correspond to the required value, the resistance value is selected empirically.

Usage

After starting the device, the inverter indicator should show the current value - 120 A. If the value is different, something is done wrong. Eights may appear on the indicator. Most often this is due to insufficient voltage in the welding wires. It is better to immediately determine the cause of this malfunction and eliminate it. If everything is correct, the indicator will correctly show the strength of the current regulated by special buttons. The current adjustment interval that provides the inverters lies in the range of 20–160 A.

Checking the correct operation

For a semi-automatic to last long term, it is recommended to monitor all the time temperature regime inverter operation. In order to control at the same time two buttons are pressed, and then the temperature of the hottest of the inverter radiators will be displayed on the indicator. Normal working temperature- no more than 75 ° C.

If there is more, in addition to the information that is displayed on the indicator, the inverter will emit an intermittent sound, which should immediately alert. In this case (or when the temperature sensor closes) electronic circuit will automatically reduce the operating current to 20A, and the sound signal will go on until the equipment returns to normal. An error code (Err), which is displayed on the inverter indicator, can also indicate a malfunction of the equipment.

When is a semi-automatic welding machine used?

A semiautomatic device is recommended for use when accurate, neat connections of steel parts are needed. With such equipment thin metal is boiled, which is important, for example, when repairing car bodies. Qualified specialists or a training video will help you learn how to work with the device.