Plastic pipes for the sewerage 90 external diameter. Choosing the size of a pvc pipe for sewerage

PVC sewer pipes are among the first to be used in the pipe industry.

When passing tests in the field, only these products gave positive results - after 50 years of work in the ground, the water supply system showed full suitability for further operation for the same period.

European countries have appreciated the reliability and environmental friendliness of PVC products - today their use reaches 80%.

Advantages of PVC pipes

Currently, no other species can successfully compete with them. This is due to the following benefits of use.

• Their thermal conductivity approaches that of insulating materials.
• They are bacteriologically and toxically safe.
• They are highly combustible materials, the ignition temperature is 500°C.
• Resistant to chemical (deformation, corrosion, rust) and physical impact.
• Inert to acids, alkalis, etc.
• They have excellent hydraulic properties, which is especially important in horizontal sewerage sections.
• Over time, their throughput does not change - this is facilitated by a smooth inner surface. For the same reason, microbes and bacteria do not develop.
• They are distinguished by resistance to overgrowth of the walls.
• PVC sewer pipes can be used in a wide temperature range - they retain their properties from -20 ° C to + 60 ° C, they can withstand even hotter environments - close to 100 ° C without emitting harmful substances.
• Easy to assemble and take the desired shape,
• Even in the presence of a large amount of sand in the drains, wear resistance is great.
• Service life - at least half a century.

All the specified properties, assortment of pipe products and fittings for them must comply with the standard values ​​\u200b\u200bgiven in the tables of GOST and TU, according to which these products are manufactured.

Application area

First of all - for its intended purpose - for gravity drains of new or reconstruction of existing sewer systems (external - Ø 110 mm and above, internal - starting from Ø 50 mm - see table).

• During the construction of entertainment complexes - water parks, swimming pools and fountains.
• In the chemical industry - for the removal of aggressive compounds.
• As transportation of drinks - milk, carbonated and alcoholic products.
• For the needs of agriculture - they make drinking bowls for livestock and carry out watering.

Appointment depending on the assortment

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PVC pipes for sewerage are produced in the range of diameters 50 ÷ 630 mm.
Their assortment corresponds to the size tables used in sewer networks - both external and internal.

The choice is made in accordance with the need to solve the tasks. To simplify this process, a single standard has been created that regulates their sizes. The defining value is the diameter. Table 2 shows the size range of manufactured PVC products for sewer systems.

Manufacturers mark these products according to the outer diameter, indicating the wall thickness. The inside diameter is defined as the difference between the outside and twice the wall thickness.

• Internal sewerage is mounted from pipes with dimensions of 50, 110 and 125mm.
• External - starting from Ø 110 mm.
• Between buildings - with a diameter of 160 mm.
• Along the street - from Ø 200 mm.

When installing communications outside buildings, the dependence of structural rigidity on the expected load is taken into account:

PVC pipes Ø 110 mm

PVC sewer pipes Ø 110 mm have the widest range of applications - both when installing internal communications and external ones.
Their throughput allows them to be used in a small house or apartment, if the amount of plumbing in it is standard.

External sewer systems PVC Ø 110 are installed, if necessary:

1. remove wastewater from buildings and residential premises;
2. install external sewerage in cottages and low buildings;
3. perform a surface drainage system - as a continuation of linear and point drainage systems.

The widespread use of pipes Ø 110 is economically and technically justified. This is favored by:

1. their lightness and elasticity;
2. they are easy to assemble and, if necessary, dismantle.

What does a pressureless system mean?

• Drains are carried out by gravity, when pipes with a size of 110 mm are used:
• for continuous withdrawal of wastewater at a temperature not exceeding 80°C;
• for short-term withdrawal of wastewater at a temperature of 95 ° C.

When laying PVC sewer systems Ø 110 mm, the following should be taken into account:

• mandatory slope - 10-20 mm / m - to ensure the full volume of the catchment;
• the depth of laying should correspond to the level of soil freezing in the region (average value - 1-1.5 m);
• when the system falls asleep, there should be no stones and construction debris, in order to avoid damage;
• do not compact the soil above the sewer.

Pipelines made of PVC pipes with a size of 110 mm can be concreted if they are pre-wrapped with parchment and waterproofing material.

PVC pipes Ø 50 mm

Sewer pipes Ø 50 mm - products with a small diameter, correspond to the beginning of the size range of the sewer pipeline (table 2).
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Are used:

1. when installing external and internal sewer systems;
2. for drinking water supply and heating systems;
3. to create plastic drainage systems inside buildings, connect plumbing to them, as well as to drain drains - domestic and storm;
4. PVC internal sewerage Ø 50 mm is installed in rooms equipped with high temperature water outlets - from washing machines.

Quick and easy installation is ensured by the spigot connection.
Pipes Ø 50 mm have proper rigidity, are resistant to high temperatures, and are mounted without the use of fittings.

If installation work and operation are performed correctly, then the service life of such sewage systems can be quite long - several decades.

Pipes Ø 50 mm grey, smooth surface. There is a socket for a connecting ring.

Complete with cuff.

Technical features of pipes Ø 50 mm

The extremely high temperature of the passed fluid is 70°C.
A short exposure (up to two minutes) to a hotter liquid is possible - up to 95 ° C.

The tendency to attenuation during ignition is expressed.

There is no reaction to all substances that can be used on the farm.

No release of toxic compounds.

Resistant to the release of acids - organic and inorganic, alkalis.

High strength allows you to withstand a pressure of 12 MPa.

An important task when laying pipelines is to ensure that there is no internal pressure.

Size range of sewer pipes made of polyvinyl chloride

As can be seen from Table 2, the diameters and wall thicknesses are interrelated values. They have fixed values ​​and comply with the norms of SNiP 2.04.01085. The same document defines the formulas for calculating all parameters of the sewer system. If necessary, you can calculate the pressure, temperature, docking angles. For the installation of sewerage in the house, it is enough to take into account the main indicators.

The sewer pipes presented in Table 2 for the installation of internal systems are made with a gray surface, for external communications they are painted red.

Summarize

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• When designing a sewer system, it is necessary to accurately calculate the dimensions of pipes for installation at a particular facility in order to provide the necessary throughput without acquiring elements of a larger diameter than is economically and technically justified.
• A prerequisite for normal operation is the free flow of air to prevent the formation of a low pressure area during flushing, when the water seal is sucked in.
• If the system is mounted correctly, then it will work for a long time and without unpleasant surprises.

All these qualities make PVC sewer pipes the most popular compared to all used today.

One of the important factors that will have to be implemented in the process is the correct calculation of the characteristics for each of the mounted sections. Calculation work is important because its correct implementation allows you to reduce costs and achieve the desired efficiency.

Anyone is ready to offer a wide range of pipes with different lengths, diameters and other individual characteristics.

To create sewer systems, products with a diameter of less than 50 mm are not used, 32 and 40 mm pipes are used for electrical wiring. But 50 mm parts are used to create indoors and connect plumbing units.

Table 1:

Nominal diameter	Flare inner diameter	Wall thickness including e, e 2 min, e 3 min	Flare length including a min, c max	Free end length
32	32.3	1.8;1.6;1.0;	24;18	42
40	40.3	1.8;1.6;1.0;	26;18	44
50	50.3	1.8;1.6;1.0;	28;18	46
75	75.4	1.9;1.7;1.1;	33;18	51
110	110.4	2.7;2.4;1.5;	36;22	58

The consumer should know the following about 110 mm parts: such products are used, despite similar diameters, they have different properties, so it is worth purchasing components for indoor use, and for outdoor use. The low cost and the search for ways to improve industrial mechanisms led not only to a significant, but also to a decrease in the cost of both independent parts and the installation estimate as a whole.

Table 2:

Nominal diameter	Smallest flare inner diameter	Bell length (including normal and extended)	Assembly length (including standard and extended)
110+0.3	110.4	58;201	58;113
160+0.4	160.5	74;214	74;123
200+0.5	200.6	90;226	90;133
250+0.5	250.8	125;265	125;167
315+0.6	316.0	158;272	158;171
400+0.7	401.2	178;291	178;188
500+0.9	501.5	200;323	228;242
630+1.1	631.9	228;361	228;242

The minimum length of components with a diameter of 125, 160 and 200 mm is 500 mm, this can be a lot during installation. In this state of affairs, the extra segment can be separated from the main structure using a conventional hacksaw. We must not forget that it will only be provided that the end of the cut product is carefully processed.

160 mm gauge is traditionally suitable for both rain systems in low-rise (private) houses. In the context of this situation, as a rule, lengths of 3 meters are used. A curious feature of parts with a diameter of 200 mm is that this is the limit for components available outside the scope of an individual order up to 100 cm long.

Table 3:

Diameter (mm)	Bell length (mm)	Wall thickness (mm)	Weight 1 meter (kg)
125	140	3,2	2.029
160	165	3,2	2.626
200	185	3,9	3.949
250	210	4,9	6.200
315	230	6,2	9.926
355	240	7	12.594
400	260	7,9	16.000
450	280	8,8	20.104
500	300	9,8	24.925
630	335	12,3	39.66
710	420	13,9	50.824
800	430	15,7	65.068
900	450	17,6	82.281
100	470	19,6	102.056

The assortment of 250 mm parts is multi-layered, which allows it to be used efficiently. The design, assembled from such components, is not “afraid” of loads, is resistant to mechanical stress, and has an impressive service life.

Advantages of PVC material

It is important to understand that PVC pipes for wiring and sewer have a lot of significant competitive advantages, the main of which are:

• Impressive, which usually lasts at least half a century;
• No need to maintain an object assembled from PVC;
• The minimum weight greatly facilitates not only storage and transportation, but also;
• Low, in comparison with analogues made from other raw materials, cost;
• The impossibility of clogging the structure, due to the smooth internal structure of the part;
• Simplicity and the ability to quickly perform installation work.

The goods in question are such that their assembly does not require the use of complex and expensive labor: all the actions that the situation implies (in some cases, even digging trenches for external sewage) can be done by hand, using a socket is not a complicated process and special does not require skills.


In addition, ease of assembly leads to high speed. In comparison with analogues that require either the use of compression couplings, the assembly of the pipes in question is carried out many times faster.

It is important to consider that the use of such products is a great opportunity to save not only time, but also money, since you do not need to pay for the services of a master or a team of craftsmen who will install the drainage structure.

To climatic influences, as well as to the influence of chemicals, these pipes are practically invulnerable, while they are often used for transporting rarefied media (gaseous substances).

The video shows the dimensions of the sewer pipes:

When installing sewer systems, two types of pipes are used - cast iron and. The size of these products is regulated by the Technical Specifications (TU). The standard size, namely the diameter, ranges from 50 to 110 mm.

There are products with a larger or smaller diameter. From this article you will learn the main parameters that PVC and cast iron products have.

They are produced in accordance with TU 2248-022-23208482-02, which allows you to choose the option for any system.

What are sewer pipes

Today, sewer systems are made of two types of pipes: plastic and metal. Plastic can be of three varieties, from:

1. PVC - polyvinyl chloride;
2. PP - polypropylene;
3. PET - polyethylene.

Advantages

• Resistant to chemicals such as acids, alkalis, solvents.
• Durability - they can be buried in the ground to a depth of 16 meters.
• Smooth inner surface, which prevents the formation of plaque inside.
• Light weight - the weight of one meter with a diameter of 110 mm will be only 1.5 kilograms.

Metal sewer pipes cannot boast of a large selection of materials; they are produced only from cast iron.

Advantages of cast iron pipes

• Durability - the service life of cast iron products exceeds 60 years.
• Durability - they allow you to install a riser of almost any length.
• Easy installation - products have a socket, which simplifies installation.

Of course, they are very heavy, but this is offset by their colossal strength.

After familiarizing yourself with the properties of the two types of pipes, you can proceed to their dimensions.

Dimensions of plastic pipes

As mentioned above, plastic pipes come in three varieties: PVC, PP, PET. They differ from each other in characteristics both basic and technical.

And only the sizes remain standard, regardless of the type. Thus, in one system, the use of several types of different materials is allowed.

PVC pipe size and application

Polyvinyl chloride pipes are produced in accordance with GOST R 51613 - 2000 and VSN 48 - 96. Pressure pipelines are regulated by GOST, and non-pressure pipelines by building codes (VSN).

In accordance with building codes, non-pressure pipes have three sizes in diameter - 50 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm. The wall thickness is 3.2 mm, the length is 0.5 - 8 m.

Pressure vessels are significantly different from their non-pressure counterparts. The number of standard sizes is 13 pieces, and the diameter varies from 63 mm to 315 mm.

However, despite such a large assortment of plastic pipes, not all are in demand. The most commonly used options are:

• Except for the most popular options 100 and 110 mm, then 75 mm pipes are very popular. They are used as outlets for bathtubs and showers.
• Pipes with a diameter of 100 and 110 mm are used for the construction of risers and the installation of external pipelines.
• 200 and 300 mm pipe is used in the installation of industrial sewage.

PET sewer pipes

Polyethylene pipes are produced in accordance with the GOST 22689.2-89 regulations, and have only 4 types of assortment. The diameter is - 40, 50, 90 or 110 millimeters. If the pipe is made of low-density polyethylene, then the thickness of its walls will be only 3 mm.

High pressure PET pipes are produced in a smaller diameter, and the wall thickness is: 3 mm for pipes with a diameter of 40 - 50 mm, and 5 mm for pipes with a diameter of 90 - 110 mm. The length can vary from 2 to 9 meters, and this depends directly on the diameter of the product. The larger the diameter, the longer the segment.

Polypropylene pipe

Propylene inner pipes are produced in accordance with TU 4926-002-88742502-00. In accordance with these conditions, their diameter can be 50, 100 and 150 mm, and the wall thickness is from 3 to 5 mm, depending on the diameter. Polypropylene products are used both for risers and for outlet lines from plumbing fixtures.

There are also larger polypropylene counterparts that are used for laying external drains. For example, products of the famous brands Pragma and Korsis can have a diameter of 110 mm to 1.2 meters.

Dimensions of cast iron sewer pipes

Functionality is divided into two types:

1. SMU - there is no detachable connection, i.e. both ends are smooth;
2. SME - equipped with a bell at one end, smooth at the other.

The size is characterized by an internal diameter, for example: marking DN 100 means that the diameter inside is 100 mm, and outside it will be already 110 mm. Standard markings for cast-iron pipes are from DN 50 to DN 400. Pipes without sockets, with smooth ends, have increased strength and are produced in lengths of 3 m, while conventional split pipes can be from 15 cm or more.

The wall thickness of cast-iron pipes practically does not differ from plastic pipes and is 4-5 mm. But despite the same dimensions - length, diameter and wall thickness, the mass of metal and plastic products differs significantly. For example, 1 meter of a cast-iron pipe with a diameter of 100 mm weighs 14 kg, and a plastic analogue of the same dimensions will have a mass of no more than 1.5 kg.

In the table below, you can find the recommended diameters of plastic pipes for or. All data provided are advisory in nature and may vary up or down, depending on the technical characteristics of plumbing fixtures or sewer systems.

So, today it has become much easier to install a sewer system, the main thing is to purchase pipes and accessories strictly in accordance with the design parameters.

Video: Dimensions of sewer pipes

The use of polymer pipes to create sewage systems is due to several factors. They are easy to install, have good performance properties, and are inexpensive.

A large selection of manufacturers and types of these pipes implies the presence of at least a minimum knowledge of their characteristics. PVC is one of the most popular types of sewer pipe material.

The scope of PVC pipes is determined by their physical properties. First you need to know the nature of the origin of this material.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) belongs to the group of thermoplastics, which, after heat treatment, retain their shape even under mechanical stress.

The composition of polyvinyl chloride includes ethylene and stabilized chlorine. For production, additional additives are also used to improve mechanical and thermal properties.

Pipes made of this material are intended for the implementation of sewerage systems.

They are divided into the following types:

• for internal sewerage;

Photo: internal sewage

• for external sewerage;

Photo: external sewage

• for pressure systems;

Photo: pressure sewer system

• for gravity discharge of sewage.

Photo: sewage drain

The application of this classification is possible to those pipe models, the production material of which has been processed accordingly.

Currently, there are 2 types of PVC pipes:

• polyvinyl chloride PVC (PVC);
• unplasticized PVC-U polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U).

In most cases, PVC-U pipes are used, since they have the best technical characteristics and can be used for pressure sewer systems.

Specifications

The operational properties of PVC pipes are formed according to their technical characteristics.

There are several fundamental parameters that are unique to this material:

• high mechanical strength. When using the technology of 3-layer manufacturing and external corrugation, PVC pipes can be installed in external sewage systems at a depth of up to 8 m;
• resistance to aggressive environments. To a greater extent, this applies to PVC-U, since this material is used to transport chemical liquids and gases;
• a smooth inner surface ensures the free passage of solid elements that make up fecal water;
• The maximum internal pressure values ​​depend on the wall thickness and the design of the pipes. They can withstand from 6 to 16 bar;
• temperature limitations are the main disadvantage of these pipes. The maximum medium temperature is +65°C and the minimum is -10°C. Some models allow short-term exposure to +90°C;
• specific gravity is about 2 kg/m, but may vary depending on the diameter and wall thickness;
• maximum tensile strength at break - 50 MPa;
• service life - up to 50 years.

These parameters may vary depending on the quality of production and the type of pipe construction.

Pipe dimensions

When choosing pipes for laying a sewer line, attention should be paid to their structure and dimensions. The latter will directly affect the sewerage parameters - throughput and mechanical strength.

Also, the length of the pipes can significantly affect the cost of the entire sewer system - minimizing waste when using optimal length sizes.

Pipe diameters

An important characteristic of PVC pipes is their diameter. will be correct if the diameters are selected according to the technical characteristics of the system.

When choosing, one should take into account a certain classification of this indicator.

Photo: types of pipe diameters

Inner diameter

It is fundamental in calculating the throughput of the pipeline. It is measured taking into account the maximum distance between the inner plane of the pipe.

The outer diameter depends on the wall thickness and its size is necessary for the selection of mounting and insulating materials. When designating pipes, only the outer diameter is indicated.

The maximum and minimum dimensions of the diameters depend on the type of sewage - external or internal.

The dimensions of the pipes, depending on the type of connected plumbing fixture, are shown in the table:

Photo: recommended pipe diameters for internal sewage

As for the external sewage system, the size is not regulated here. But there are unambiguous recommendations that the diameter of the outlet pipe from the house should not be less than the outer main.

For private houses, it is possible to install pipes with a diameter of 110 mm to 250 mm. In heavily loaded systems, structures up to 400 mm can be used.

Wall thickness

The wall thickness of pipes varies depending on their stiffness class. This parameter is necessary to determine the degree of protection against external mechanical impact.

For internal sewage, the thickness is not standardized, but for gravity systems it should not be less than 1.8 mm.

Pipes for outdoor laying have more stringent operating conditions and therefore there is a strict correspondence between diameter and wall thickness for them;

• SN2 lungs - the size of the wall starts from 2.2 mm (diameter 50 mm.) And up to 5.9 mm. The depth of occurrence for these pipes is not more than 4 m;
• SN4 medium - the wall can be from 3 to 7.7 mm. Installation depth - up to 6 m;
• SN8 heavy - thickness starts from 3.2 to 9.2. The maximum installation depth is 8 m.

Important! It is worth noting that the choice of pipes for external sewerage should be based precisely on the wall thickness, and not on the outer diameter. Even for the light class, you can find a pipe with a diameter of 500 mm, but with a very thin wall (3.2 m).

Difference from other polymer pipes

Polyvinyl chloride is not the only polymer material used to make sewer pipes.

In addition to it, the following compositions are also used:

Polyethylene PE

This material is different from the usual transparent film. For the production of pipes, the so-called cross-linked polyethylene is used. It has a high resistance to UV radiation, and is able to withstand heavy loads.

Distinctive indicators:

• the upper threshold of the liquid temperature has been increased - up to 95 ° С;
• installation is possible only by soldering;
• pipes can be used for both sewerage and water supply. Including hot water.

Polypropylene PP

Popular material for production of pipes of the external sewerage. In terms of its properties, it is almost completely similar to polyethylene, but at the same time more rigid.

Differences from PVC:

• laborious to process. To cut a certain length, special equipment is required;
• connection between each other only by soldering. For some types of operation, a glued socket connection is allowed.

The table shows the main physical indicators of polymer pipes from various materials:

Photo: the main physical indicators of polymer pipes from various materials

Advantages

PVC pipes have a number of advantages, which determine their popularity as the main material for laying sewers:

• relatively low cost. Due to low production costs, their price is currently the most affordable compared to pipes made of other materials;
• ease of installation. The connection takes place in a socket way, which does not require the use of special equipment. Due to this factor, the dismantling procedure is simplified;
• a large selection of connecting and branching elements. This simplifies the design of pipelines of complex configuration;
• corrosion resistance. This factor is a consequence of 2 physical properties of PVC pipes - a smooth inner surface and resistance to aggressive environments;
• lack of electrical conductivity. PVC is a dielectric, so there is no need to install grounding.

Classification

PVC pipes are classified according to several criteria - maximum load and performance.

Rigidity index:

• N - ring stiffness can reach up to 4 kN / m²;
• S - the same parameter has a maximum value of 8 kN / m².

According to operational characteristics, the following gradation has been developed, which they possess:

• SN-2, SDR51 series S25 - their structure is not designed for external influences. Can be used for outdoor installation with very low surface pressure coefficient;
• SN-4, SDR41 series S20 - can be mounted under roads with low traffic and with limited vehicle weight;
• SN-8, SDR34 series S16,7 - the most rigid class of PVC pipes. Able to withstand large and long-term pressure on the surface. They are used for laying highways with a large internal and external load.

Internal pipes

When designing internal sewerage, in most cases, special gray PVC pipes are used.

Photo: pipes for internal sewage

In terms of rigidity, they belong to the light class and cannot be used for outdoor work.

All pipes of this type have the following characteristics:

• smooth-walled;
• connection type - socket;
• the most popular diameters are 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm;
• pipe length can be from 315 to 3000 mm.

Due to their good rigidity, these pipes are ideal as risers for private houses. For the installation of complex sewerage systems, special elbows, tees and adapters are used.

Outdoor pipes

For external sewerage, it is necessary to use special PVC pipes. They must correspond to their stiffness class and have the required wall thickness.

Depending on the type of construction, they can be:

• smooth-walled or single-layer. Outwardly, they are similar to pipes for internal sewage, but differ in geometric parameters and color (orange, yellow);

Photo: smooth-walled or single-layer pvc pipes

The table shows the main geometric and technical characteristics of smooth-walled pipes.

Photo: basic geometric and technical characteristics of smooth-walled pipes

• corrugated or three-layer. Made by extrusion. Moreover, PVC-U corrugation, which has good mechanical strength, is used as a protective layer. The inner soft PVC layer ensures low friction during the passage of sewage.

Photo: corrugated or three-layer pvc pipes

For external sewerage, the above pipes with a diameter of 110 to 630 mm are used.

Pressure

PVC pressure pipes are used in sewerage systems with forced removal of sewage using pumping equipment.

Due to the relatively high pressure on the inner walls, special requirements are imposed on them in terms of thickness and the method of their connection.

Photo: PVC pressure pipes

Currently, three types of pressure pipes are produced, which are characterized by different indicators of maximum internal pressure - 0.6, 1 and 1.25 MPa.

In addition, they are divided according to the method of connection between themselves:

• adhesive method. The connection takes place with the help of special fittings and glue. When cutting it is necessary to remove the chamfer. Treat the edges, apply a layer of glue and fix the connection with clamps;
• trumpet. Installation takes place by installing the socket end in a straight section of the pipe. They are pre-treated with silicone grease.

Important! When installing a pressure sewer, attention should be paid to the tightness and strength of the connecting elements.

Non-pressure

Non-pressure pipes are used for the installation of a gravity sewer system, i.e. in this case, the withdrawal of waste masses occurs under the action of gravity.

For such sewerage, standard pipes with a socket connection can be used. But it is important to take into account the possible external load (external sewerage) and the angle of inclination of the pipeline.

Prices

The cost directly depends on the manufacturer, the diameter of the pipes, the method of their manufacture and use - for external or internal sewage. Table 4 shows indicative prices for the main types of PVC pipes.

Size, mm	Application, outdoor indoor	Price, rub/m.p.
50	internal	60
110	internal	120
110SN4	outdoor	165
160SN4	outdoor	280
200SN4	outdoor	445
250SN4	outdoor	730

The optimal choice for a sewer system should take into account the reputation of the manufacturer, the parameters of the system, which will determine the required characteristics of the pipelines.

Video: installation of PVC pipes for sewerage with Griffon glue

To choose the right pipelines, it is necessary to take into account their geometric parameters. One of the most important indicators is the diameter of PVC, PPE, and cast iron sewer pipes.

Dimensions and area of ​​\u200b\u200buse of the pipe

There are certain standards according to which the size of the sewer pipe depends on the area of ​​​​its use. So, a pipeline with a diameter of 40–50 mm is installed in kitchen and sink drains, and 75–100 mm in the sewer leading from the toilet bowl.

Standard parameters depend on the volume of water that must leave the tank in a certain time. For example, in an apartment of a multi-storey building there are standard toilet bowls, from which a large volume of water should come out in a short period of time along with waste. Therefore, in most cases, for toilet bowls, a diameter of plastic or cast iron pipes of at least 110 mm is selected.

Table on how to choose the inner diameter for the sewer pipe, depending on the use of the outlet:

If you have non-standard parameters of water supply systems, then before installing the sewage system, you need to determine the relationship between the amount of wastewater and the rate of their departure. For this, certain geometric parameters are calculated.

In addition to the fact that the correct diameter allows you to calculate the rate of water removal, pipe cleaning is also carried out taking into account this parameter. For example, the technology for cleaning sewers with Karcher systems is now very popular, but they are used only on pipes with a diameter of 100 mm or more.

Pipe calculation

For individual selection of a pipe for installation in houses, cottages or in the country, it is necessary to calculate the patency. To calculate the useful pipe diameter (internal d), you need to know the following parameters:

1. D – outer (outer) diameter, mm;
2. B – wall thickness, mm;
3. m is the mass of a linear meter of the pipe, g (required to take into account the number and type of fasteners, if a complete replacement of the pipeline is needed);
4. S - cross-sectional area, mm 2.

Formulas for calculation:

S \u003d π / 4 (D 2 - d 2);

Many manufacturers of polyethylene pipes mark most of the required parameters on communications. But, as a standard, only the outer diameter (D) and the thickness of the walls are initially known for the outlet. The most important parameter is the inner diameter, with its help, the pipe is connected to the main pipe and the sewer wiring, the selection of additional elements, fittings, etc.

At the same time, unlike polypropylene plastic pipes, for a cast-iron sewer communication, the manufacturer initially indicates a useful inner diameter. Like steel, it is designated DN. It can have different values, in integers, for example, DN 110 or DN 200. This means that this pipe has a conditional water outlet diameter of 110 or 200 mm, respectively.

How to determine pipe sizes

Polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and other foreign-made plastic communications are most often indicated in inches. It may also be that you need to install fixtures on the pipeline, but its dimensions are also given in inches, while the pipe is indicated in mm.

To do this, you need to convert known inch sizes to millimeters. According to the data, 1 inch is 25.4 mm. It turns out that a pipe with a diameter of 2 inches \u003d 50.8 mm, etc. Fractional values ​​\u200b\u200bare often used, so clamps, fittings, couplings and communications are marked.

Consider their meaning in the table:

Inches	In millimeters	Inches	In millimeters
1/8	3,2	1 1/8	28,6
1/4	6,4	1 1/4	31,8
3/8	9,5	1 3/8	34,9
1/2	12,7	1 1/2	38,1
5/8	15,9	1 5/8	41,3
3/4	19	1 3/4	44,4
7/8	22,2	1 7/8	47,6
2 1/8	54	3 1/8	79,4
2 1/4	57,2	3 1/4	82,6
2 3/8	60,3	3 3/8	85,7
2 1/2	63,5	3 1/2	88,9
2 5/8	66,7	3 5/8	92,1
2 3/4	69,8	3 3/4	95,2
2 7/8	73	3 7/8	98,4

But, when measuring the socket manually, for example, with a ruler, the nearest minimum size is always taken. For example, the diameter in millimeters of a sewer pipe for a sink is 34. It turns out that the outer diameter is 1 ¼ inches. Be careful when choosing sizes, otherwise you will have to buy additional gaskets or adapters. But the coupling is selected based on the nearest larger value, i.e., 34 mm will be considered 1 3/8 inches.

Video: Docking pipes of different diameters in the sewer.

Steel two-way communications may have different indicators on different sides, you need to double-check the data. This can be done by experimental measurements with a caliper or cork gauge.

Table: Diameters of ceramic pipes

SNiP

Before you buy sewer pipes of large diameter, you need to familiarize yourself with the requirements of SNiP. There are systems designed for use in large cities, respectively, they have larger diameters, and communications that are used in urban-type settlements or villages. Based on the norms specified in the sanitary norms and rules:

1. For the installation of sewerage in urban networks with a flow of more than 300 cubic meters in 24, pipes with a diameter of 150 mm are used;
2. To carry out the laying of a drainage system for industrial premises - up to 130 mm, but it is necessary to use a sealing cuff;
3. Laying pipes for non-pressure sewers is allowed with communications up to 100 mm.

Various domestic and foreign companies are engaged in the production and installation of pipes for sewerage. The price of communications directly depends on the diameter and material of the drain. Before installing already selected pipelines, it is advisable to consult a specialist in order to prevent possible leaks and emergencies due to a mismatch between the requirements and the purchased pipes.