Back to Social Man

Social behavior is characterized by a special act, namely, turning to someone else's life and feeling oneself in another. A special life form, which we have called social, arises when this need for self-renunciation for the sake of another becomes the leading life need. All spiritual acts related to pragmatics are completely excluded, since they are determined not by a social moment, but by some other, for example, economic or political. Social orientation in its highest manifestation is love. It can be a fundamental feeling that applies to all life.

4. Social person

But it can also be directed at a separate object or range of objects and at the same time not lose the character of the leading need that determines the entire individual being. The individual person becomes the object of love as the center of values. One can love another person because the value of truth or beauty or holiness is revealed in him.

A special life form, which has been called social, arises when this need for self-denial for the sake of another becomes the leading life need.

Social orientation in the highest manifestation - love. It can be a fundamental feeling that applies to all life. But it can also be directed at a separate object or range of objects and at the same time not lose the character of the leading need that determines the entire individual being. The individual person becomes the object of love as the center of values. One can love another person because the value of truth, or beauty, or holiness is revealed in him. Akin to such love is the passionate desire to acquire the values ​​of life that we already know. But the essence of love itself is even deeper: it remains something in itself, turned to another life for the sake of the values ​​contained in this life. Conceptually defining what, in the final analysis, cannot be formulated, we can say that love opens in another person - in one, several or many - potential bearers of certain values ​​and finds the meaning of its own. own life in devotion to these people.

Along with individual traits and qualities of character, one can distinguish general way personality adaptation to social environment - social type character of a person. When determining the type of character, we highlight that essential and similar in the characters of individual people, which determines the general style of their life.

On this basis, we distinguish the following types of characters.

A harmoniously holistic type is distinguished by the stability of relationships and at the same time high adaptability to the environment. A person with this type of character has no internal conflicts, his desires coincide with what he does. This is a sociable, strong-willed, principled person. People with a harmoniously holistic character maintain a system of their own values ​​in all difficult circumstances of life. This is a type of strong-willed fighter for his ideals and principles. Not opportunism, but changing reality in accordance with their ideals - this is the way these people adapt. The type is internally conflicting, but outwardly harmoniously consistent with the environment, characterized by inconsistency between internal urges and outward behavior, which, in accordance with the requirements of the environment, is carried out with a large voltage.

A person with this type of character is prone to impulsive actions, but they are constantly restrained by volitional efforts. The system of his relations is stable, but the communicative properties are not sufficiently developed.

People of this type have complex system correlation of one's value orientation with the conditions of reality. Discord with outside world these people overcome through internal tactical restructuring, psychological protection, devaluing current events that do not fit into their value system, maintaining the basic values ​​of the individual, but not actively trying to change external circumstances. This is the type of a wise contemplator detached from the daily struggle.

The conflict type with reduced adaptation is characterized by conflict between emotional urges and social obligations, impulsiveness, the predominance of negative emotions, underdevelopment of communicative properties, insufficient structured self-awareness. Separate connections with the world in people of this type not included in any general behavioral system. The life of such people passes according to a simplified scheme: their changing needs should, in their own opinion, be immediately satisfied without much effort.

The psyche of such individuals is not burdened with great experience, they do not care about the future either. They are not hardened in the struggle for existence. In childhood, they, as a rule, were subjected to hyper-care, were surrounded by excessive care of the people around them. They are characterized by infantilism, inability to overcome life's difficulties. The main mechanism of their life activity is to receive pleasure (hedonism). People of this type perceive all difficult situations as acute conflicts and resort to unconscious psychological pseudo-protection - a distorted reflection of reality (whims, stubbornness, withdrawal into the world of dreams and fruitless dreams). The variable type testifies to external adaptability to the environment as a result of the instability of positions, unscrupulousness, the low level of personality development, and the lack of a stable general way of behavior.

Spinelessness, constant opportunism - a surrogate for the plasticity of behavior; it should not be confused with a genuine plasticity of behavior, with the ability to take into account circumstances in order to achieve basic goals, while not deviating from social norms and requirements. People of this type are distinguished by the simplification of the inner world; their struggle for existence is straightforward. They do not show doubts in achieving utilitarian goals, they do not have special internal restrictions. They know only one type of obstacle - external. Reality puzzles them only with questions of a "technical" nature - how to achieve, how to achieve the greatest possible number of momentary benefits. This is the type of "realists": they try to satisfy their needs as fully as possible within the limits of really existing possibilities. Adaptation, adjusting, fitting the inner world to external circumstances- such is the general way of adaptation of these people.

By studying the characteristics of the character of a particular person, it is possible to identify what qualities characterize a person. At the heart of their manifestation are the influence of individual experience, knowledge, abilities and capabilities of people. The list of biological features includes the innate characteristics of a person. Other personality traits acquired as a result of life:

• sociality

It means irreducibility to individual, biological characteristics of people, saturation with socio-cultural content.

• Uniqueness

The uniqueness and originality of the inner world of an individual, his independence and the inability to attribute to one or another social or psychological type.

• transcendence

Willingness to go beyond one's "limits", constant self-improvement as a way of being, belief in the possibility of development and overcoming external and internal obstacles on the way to one's goal and, as a result, incompleteness, inconsistency and problematicness.

• Integrity and subjectivity

Internal unity and identity (equality to oneself) in any life situations.

• Activity and subjectivity

The ability to change oneself and the conditions of one's existence, independence from the surrounding conditions, the ability to be a source of one's own activity, the cause of actions and the recognition of responsibility for the actions performed.

• Moral

The basis of interaction with the outside world, the willingness to treat other people as the highest value, equivalent to one's own, and not as a means to achieve goals.

List of qualities

The personality structure includes temperament, volitional qualities, abilities, character, emotions, social attitudes and motivation. And also separately the following qualities:

• Independence;
• Intellectual self-improvement;
• Communication;
• Kindness;
• industriousness;
• Honesty;
• Purposefulness;
• Responsibility;
• Respect;
• Confidence;
• Discipline;
• Humanity;
• Mercy;
• Curiosity;
• Objectivity.

The personal qualities of a person are internal perception and external manifestations. External manifestation includes a list of indicators:

• congenital or acquired artistry;
• attractive appearance and sense of style;
• ability and distinct pronunciation of speech;
• intelligent and sophisticated approach to .

The main qualities of a person (her inner world) can be classified according to a number of criteria:

• a comprehensive assessment of the situation and the absence of conflicting perceptions of information;
• inherent love for people;
• unbiased thinking;
• positive form of perception;
• wise judgment.

The level of these indicators determines the individual characteristics of the student.

The structure of individual qualities

To more accurately determine the quality of a person's personality, it is necessary to highlight its biological structure. It consists of 4 levels:

1. Temperament, including characteristics of genetic predisposition (nervous system).
2. The degree of unique mental processes that allows you to determine the personal qualities of a person. The level of individual perception, imagination, manifestation of volitional signs, feelings and attention affects the result.
3. The experience of people, characterized by knowledge, abilities, capabilities and habits.
4. Indicators of social orientation, including the attitude of the subject to external environment habitat. The development of personal qualities acts as a guiding and regulating factor in behavior - interests and attitudes, beliefs and attitudes (a state of consciousness based on previous experience, a regulatory attitude and), moral norms.

Features of people that characterize their temperament

The innate qualities of a person form him as a social being. Behavioral factors, type of activity and social circle are taken into account. The category is shared by 4 concepts: sanguine, melancholic, choleric and phlegmatic.

• Sanguine - easily adapting to a new habitat and overcoming obstacles. Sociability, responsiveness, openness, cheerfulness and leadership are the main personality traits.
• Melancholic - weak and inactive. Under the influence of strong stimuli, behavioral disturbances occur, manifested by a passive attitude to any activity. Closure, pessimism, anxiety, a tendency to reason and touchiness - character traits melancholic.
• Cholerics are strong, unbalanced, energetic personality traits. They are short-tempered and unrestrained. Resentment, impulsiveness, emotionality and instability are clear indicators of a restless temperament.
• Phlegmatic - a balanced, inert and slow personality, not inclined to change. Personal indicators act in easy overcoming of negative factors. Reliability, goodwill, peacefulness and prudence are the hallmarks of calm people.

Individual character traits

Character is a set of traits of an individual, which are manifested in different types activities, communication and relationships with people. The development of personal qualities is formed against the background of life processes and the type of activity of people. For a more accurate assessment of the nature of people, behavioral factors in specific circumstances should be studied in detail.

Varieties of character:

• cycloid - changeability of mood;
• hyperthymic accentuation consists in high activity, failure to complete things;
• asthenic - capricious and depressive personal qualities;
• sensitive - timid personality;
• hysterical - the makings of leadership and vanity;
• distimic - focused on the negative side of current events.

Individual abilities of people

Individual psychological qualities of a person contribute to the achievement of success and perfection in a certain activity. They are determined by the social and historical practice of the individual, the results of the interactions of biological and mental indicators.

There are different skill levels:

1. giftedness;
2. talent;
3. genius.

The development of the algorithm of personal qualities and abilities of people is characterized by the ability to learn new things in the mental sphere. Special features are manifested in a specific type of activity (musical, artistic, pedagogical, etc.).

Volitional traits of people

Adjustment of behavioral factors associated with overcoming internal and external discomfort makes it possible to determine personal qualities: the level of efforts and plans for taking actions, concentration in a given direction. Will manifests itself in the following properties:

• - the level of effort to achieve the desired result;
• perseverance - the ability to mobilize to overcome troubles;
• endurance is the ability to limit feelings, thoughts and actions.

Courage, self-control, commitment are the personal qualities of strong-willed people. They are classified into simple and complex acts. AT simple case urges to action flow into its execution automatically. Complex acts are carried out on the basis of drawing up a plan and taking into account the consequences.

human feelings

The persistent attitude of people to real or imaginary objects arise and are formed on the basis of the cultural and historical level. Only the ways of their manifestation, based on historical epochs, change. are individual.

Personality motivations

Motives and motivations that contribute to the activation of actions are formed from. The stimulating qualities of a person are conscious and unconscious.

They appear as:

• striving for success;
• avoiding trouble;
• getting power, etc.

How to manifest and how to recognize personality traits

The personal qualities of an individual are determined by analyzing behavioral factors:

• self-esteem. manifested in relation to themselves: modest or confident, arrogant and self-critical, decisive and brave, people with a high level of self-control or lack of will;
• assessment of the relationship of the individual to society. There are different degrees of the relationship of the subject with representatives of society: honest and fair, sociable and polite, tactful, rude, etc.;
• a unique personality is determined by the level of interests in the labor, educational, sports or creative field;
• clarification of the position of the individual in society occurs in a close relationship of opinion about it;
• in the study of psychological factors, Special attention given to memory, thinking and attention, characterizing the development of personal qualities;
• observation of the emotional perception of situations allows you to assess the reaction of the individual when solving problems or its absence;
• measuring the level of responsibility. The main qualities of a serious personality are manifested in labor activity in the form of creativity, enterprise, initiative and bringing the matter to the desired result.

A review of the individual characteristics of people helps to create an overall picture of behavior in professional and social sphere. Under the concept of "personality" is a person with individual properties, due to the social environment. These include personality traits: intelligence, emotions and will.

Grouping features that contribute to personality recognition:

• subjects who are aware of the presence of their inherent social traits;
• people participating in the social and cultural life of society;
• personal qualities and character of a person are easy to determine in a social relationship through communication and the labor sphere;
• individuals who are clearly aware of their peculiarity and significance in the public.

Personal and professional qualities of a person are manifested in the formation of a worldview and internal perception. The individual always asks philosophical questions about life, his significance in society. He has his own ideas, views and life positions that influence

The social qualities of people - in a broad sense - the whole set of features of their psychological, spiritual appearance, formed under the influence of the non-biological nature of a human being, and social factors, social environment and manifested in their socially significant behavior, in their way of life. Among them, manifestations of human life activity that acquire a “social coloring” and are basically generated by natural, biological factors. For example, following people accepted in society (in general and in a particular society) ways of eating, satisfying sexual needs, adherence to appropriate customs and fashion clothing, types of housing, etc. But most of the social qualities are fully formed, without any biological prerequisites the impact of the joint life of people, the influence of the social environment and various social institutions.

The set of S.c.l. can be represented as next system(without claiming to be an exhaustive list).

• Intellectual: education, i.e. possession to some extent scientific knowledge of their time, involvement in other achievements of spiritual culture, the ability to learn, analyze and comprehend the phenomena of objective reality, the ability to foresee the consequences of their actions, etc.
• Worldview: general ideas about the principles underlying the universe and the world order, about the place of a person in it and the meaning of his life, feelings of faith and hope, etc.
• Moral: awareness of the requirements of public morality - both general and related to specific areas life (work, life, interpersonal communication, relationships with nature, etc.), the ability to be guided by it in their real behavior, a sense of duty, social responsibility, law-abiding, discipline, loyalty to a given word, commitment.
• Civil-political: indifference, interest in the problems of society, the desire to actively participate in solving these problems (social activity), patriotism, interest in political life and specific political and ideological preferences, tolerance (tolerance) to new views, respect for representatives of other social strata and other peoples, ethnic groups.
• Aesthetic: the ability to aesthetically master reality to perceive the manifestation of beauty in it and in art, addiction to certain types of art and trends in it.
• Social and economic: industriousness, thrift, economic enterprise, innovation.
• Social and domestic: sociability, sociability, a sense of duty to the family, caring for her, about her strength and well-being, tact in dealing with people.

There is also a group of S.k.l., which can be called incentive-behavioral and which partially intersect with the above, but to a large extent have independent significance: needs, interests that encourage people to act. value orientations, motives, traditionalist or avant-garde orientations in aesthetic and everyday preferences, following the requirements of fashion, etc.

In specific people, the degree of development of S.k.l. - both individual of them and their totality - is different: from a high level to insufficient and low, up to the almost complete absence of some of them. At the same time, the spiritual appearance of a person is often internally contradictory: some S.k.l. he has developed more or less strongly, while others are weakly or absent altogether.

Weak development or absence of some of the S.k.l. among a significant number of members of society, for example, aesthetic feelings and preferences, orientation towards fashion, sociability, etc., gives a certain "color" to the life of society (within society as a whole or some smaller human community), but significant negative impact does not affect this life. But most S.k.l. (the level of education and culture, moral and civil-political qualities, etc.) through the formation of people's lifestyles have a great impact on it. Therefore, if they turn out to be poorly developed among significant masses of people, this has a very negative effect on the functioning and development of society. Moreover, a very weak development and the absence of one or another of these qualities that have great social significance, traits of a person’s spiritual appearance and behavior turns into its opposite, which gives the corresponding manifestation of the personality’s life activity an asocial and even antisocial character. Lack of interest in politics and political activity turns into apoliticality, the lack of law-abiding behavior - illegal, up to criminal behavior, weak moral principles - immorality, dishonesty, tolerance - racial, national, religious intolerance, etc.

S.c.l. are formed by the whole way of social life, the course of objective processes of the functioning and development of society, family education and the influence of the environment of the immediate social environment. At the same time, the purposeful activity of various social institutions - the state, socio-political organizations, plays an important role in their formation and development. educational institutions, MEDIA. Formation and development of S.K. people forms a special set of tasks of social policy, even if in specific socio-political circumstances the corresponding tasks are not formed in the documents that determine the content of social policy. This follows from fundamental theoretical ideas about its essence. The main purpose of this policy direction is to provide a solution social problems. And these include not only negative phenomena in the conditions of people's lives (to overcome which social policy is directed to a greater extent), but also in their way of life, i.e. in the content of life, which is directly determined by the nature of the inherent masses of members of society S.k.l.

Social policy can influence the formation and development of S.C.L., directly using the mechanisms of social management, in the following ways. It sets guidelines for the educational work carried out by various social institutions. This role is carried out by the social policy not only of the state, but also of various parties and other non-state socio-political organizations. Therefore, the guidelines are set in something different from each other, since the ideology of these organizations is different. And the direction of state social policy can also depend on ideology, if it is guided by state power.

Social policy ensures the creation of conditions that contribute to the formation of one or another social class, conditions for people to receive education, for their cultural development, the strengthening of a healthy lifestyle in everyday life, and so on.

As part of the implementation of social policy, such mechanisms of social management as “patterns of behavior” are used, orienting to which it turns out to be possible to form S.c.l. societies useful for life in people. For example, if social institutions cultivate images of people who are socially and politically active, patriots, highly educated, filled with a sense of duty, leading a healthy lifestyle, etc., as worthy of all-round social recognition and imitation, this contributes to the formation of corresponding S. to many people. l.

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SOCIAL QUALITIES OF PEOPLE:CONCEPT, TYPES, MECHANISMS OF FORMATION

Kazan, 2011

Withcontent

Introduction

The concept of human social qualities

Types of social qualities of a person

Mechanisms for the formation of human social qualities

Conclusion

List of used literature

Introduction

Despite the fact that the social qualities of a person are studied large quantity scientific disciplines, such as: sociology, pedagogy, philosophy, linguistics, psychology, etc., the topic remains controversial and not sufficiently developed, and therefore very relevant.

The purpose of this study is to define the social qualities of a person, the types and mechanisms of formation.

Research objectives:

1. Analysis of the literature on the topic of the test. Theoretical study of socially significant qualities of people based on the materials of scientific literature.

2. Holding empirical research social qualities of people.

3. Analysis of the obtained results.

Hypothesis: the social qualities of people are not inherited and arise exclusively in the process of socialization.

Object of research: social qualities of people.

Subject of research: concept, types, mechanisms of formation of social qualities of people.

Research methodology: analysis of selected scientific and practical literature.

The work consists of three chapters, introduction, conclusion, list of references.

The work is done on 18 sheets.

The concept of human social qualities

Most complete definition gives sociology, explaining social quality as a concept that captures certain socially defined characteristics of a person, social groups and classes, inseparable from the mode of existence and activity of historical subjects. The very concept of "personality" designates in sociology the historically established, socially conditioned typological unity (quality) of an individual. Therefore, a personality is a concrete expression of the social essence of a person, a certain way realized integration in an individual of socially significant features and social relations of a given society. The term "personality" was formed from the Latin words "persona" (actor's mask, role, position, meaning, face) and "personare" (to speak through). Thus, it used to denote the stylized mask of an actor. Therefore, in a sense, all people wear "social masks". For many years, people have been learning how to become a person among people, to comply with certain norms, rules, role instructions. In that sense, the word "personality" denotes the totality of such social qualities (expressed in certain stereotypes of behavior) that an individual demonstrates in front of an "audience". So personality is a product community development, and in this regard, the main thing in it is its social quality.

Social qualities are not limited to individual qualities no matter how complex they may be in themselves. The evolutionary precursors of the social qualities of a person are forms of inherited biological behavior, i.e., such psychological constructions that are partially used in the subsequent genesis of the social. These include the need for an animal to stay in a group, the ability to obey the "norms" of behavior, i.e., the ability to self-restraint, the transfer of the form of parental relations to other people's cubs and weak individuals, overcoming "zoo-psychological individualism" under pressure from the needs of the community.

The natural forces of man, especially the higher forms of the psyche, are filled with social content only when they begin to perform certain social functions.

Thus, the social qualities of people are common qualities that are repeated and stable in the behavior of various groups and communities of people.

The Philosophical Encyclopedia interprets the concept of social qualities in this way - this is the concentration of human experience, the joint and individual activities of people, their various combinations, compositions, syntheses. Social qualities are contained in the being of people, in their abilities, needs, skills, knowledge, their inherent forms of behavior and interaction. Social qualities are developed, distributed, complicated (or simplified) in the process of development of human contacts, cultural exchanges, economic and other interactions between social communities. Acting as mediators between various social qualities, they themselves are part of these qualities, become forms of realization of their being. In other words, social qualities "come to life" and "live" only in the social process, in the interactions of people and people, people and things, in the dynamics of reproduction and renewal of social life.

Linguist Kim I.E. explains this concept in this way - the social qualities of a person represent his ability to social activities and characteristics of his social behavior.

A feature of the expression of qualities is the presence of a reference morphological class intended for their designation - an adjective. The meaning of the quality, however, can be expressed by nouns, verbs and adverbs, as separate lexemes, and (in the case of a noun and a verb) separate forms or particular paradigms of forms.

Quality can manifest itself in different quantities, which is reflected in the grammar of the adjective (category of the degree of comparison), in its derivational potential (the presence of regular derivatives with a value of low and high intensity of quality), as well as in its semantic and syntactic valencies, namely, the presence of dependent adverbs of measure and degrees. There are other grammatical, derivational and lexical means of expressing the gradualness of qualities: a noun with a person meaning, a noun with a quality meaning, an adjective, short (predicative) or full (attributive), verb or verb phrase.

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences Kostyuchenko A.A. under the socially significant qualities of people he understands the qualities that contribute to the solution of socially significant tasks, the formation of the individual as a citizen: organization, independence, social activity, social initiative, responsibility, sociability, reflection, emotional stability, empathy.

Psychologists agree that with the general lack of development of the problem of personality traits, it is rather difficult to outline the range of its socio-psychological qualities. And although the problem is at the most early stages its development, however, at least, it is possible to establish agreement on one point: the socio-psychological qualities of a person are qualities that are formed in joint activities with other people, as well as in communication with them. Both the one and the other series of qualities are formed in the conditions of those real social groups in which the personality functions.

Types of social qualities of a person

Korobitsyna T.L. characterizes the upbringing of a person by various social qualities, reflecting the various attitudes of the individual to the world around him and to himself. She believes that together these qualities determine the richness and originality of each individual, its uniqueness. In the characteristics of an individual, some qualities may be absent and may represent a wide variety of combinations.

If an important task of education is to promote the flourishing of each individual, then an equally important and responsible task is to ensure that any individual meets the basic criteria accepted in society. In this regard, the task arises of establishing relatively few, but the most important socially significant qualities that can be considered mandatory for the citizens of our country. Such qualities can serve as indicators of upbringing, i.e. level social development schoolchild, which characterize the measure of his readiness for life in society.

Monakhov N.I. singled out social qualities that can be formulated in younger students.

Partnership - proximity based on comradely (friendly) relations; joint participation in something on an equal footing.

Respect for elders is a respectful attitude based on the recognition of their merits.

Kindness - responsiveness, sincere disposition to people, the desire to do good to others.

Honesty - sincerity, directness, conscientiousness and impeccability.

Industriousness is the love of work. Labor - work, occupation, effort aimed at achieving something.

Thrift - careful attitude to property, prudence, frugality.

Discipline - subordination to discipline (mandatory for all members of a team, subordination established order, rules); keeping order.

Curiosity - a tendency to acquire new knowledge, inquisitiveness.

Love for the beautiful is a constant strong inclination, a passion for what embodies beauty, corresponds to its ideals.

The desire to be strong, dexterous is a persistent desire to achieve a physical or moral opportunity to actively act.

English teacher of the highest category Ponasenko I.I. highlights other significant qualities of the student's personality:

initiative;

independence and responsibility for the result of their own decisions;

willingness and need to work with modern sources of information in the professional and domestic fields of activity;

the ability and willingness to live and interact in a modern multicultural world;

readiness for education and self-improvement throughout life.

The teachers of the Tomsk secondary school compiled a more complete list of the social qualities of schoolchildren into a table and identified two types of personal qualities:

However, this is rather a basic set of social qualities of people, which should be formed in each person. It is much more interesting for us to find out what social qualities are inherent or should be inherent directly in lawyers.

Consider the socially significant qualities of lawyers based on professional factors that affect their personality.

The first factor is high level social (professional) adaptation forms the following social qualities:

high level of legal awareness; honesty, civil courage, conscientiousness; adherence to principles (irreconcilability) in the fight against violators of law and order; commitment, conscientiousness, diligence, discipline.

The second factor is the neuropsychic (emotional) stability of the lawyer's personality. This factor suggests:

resistance to stress, a high level of self-control over emotions and behavior, performance in critical situations that cause frustration; developed adaptive properties of the nervous system, strength, balance, mobility, sensitivity, activity, dynamism, lability, plasticity of nervous processes, allowing at the official level to maintain working capacity in a state of fatigue, the ability to adequately respond to various events.

The third factor is a high level of intellectual development, cognitive (cognitive) activity of a lawyer. This factor is due to the following social qualities of the individual:

developed intellect, broad outlook, erudition; flexible, creative thinking, mental performance, the ability to highlight the main thing; activity, mobility of mental cognitive processes (perception, memory capacity, productive thinking, attention); developed imagination, intuition, ability to abstract, reflection.

The fourth factor is the communicative competence of a lawyer. Communicative competence implies the following personality traits:

the ability to establish emotional contacts with various participants in communication, maintain a trusting relationship with him, within the necessary limits;

insight, ability to understand inner world interlocutor, his psychological features, needs, motives of behavior, mental state;

benevolent, polite attitude towards people, the ability to listen to the participant in the dialogue, empathy (the ability to emotionally respond to the experiences of the interlocutor);

free, flexible possession of verbal and non-verbal means of communication;

skill in conflict situations to carry out, adequate to the situation, a strategy of communicative behavior, to change the style of communication depending on the circumstances;

the ability to cooperate, reach compromises, agreements, developed self-control over emotions, mood in extreme situations;

adequate self-esteem;

sense of humor.

The fifth factor is organizational skills. They allow a lawyer, regardless of the type of his professional activity, to exert a controlling influence on various people with whom you have to engage in dialogue in the process professional communication. Therefore, a lawyer must have the following social qualities:

activity, initiative, resourcefulness, courage, determination, perseverance, purposefulness, the ability to highlight the main thing, predict the consequences of decisions made, independence, a sense of responsibility for one's actions and deeds, organization, composure, accuracy in work.

The following properties also play an important role in organizational skills: communicative competence; neuropsychic stability; adequate self-esteem; high motivation for success.

Important neuropsychic social qualities of the profession include: emotional stability; plasticity of nervous processes; reduced level of anxiety tolerance resistance to neuropsychic overstrain.

Thus, there are a lot of types of social qualities of people and even sociology itself cannot list them all, since every profession, every nationality, every age, in addition to the generally accepted basic one, has its own special set of social qualities.

Mechanisms for the formation of human social qualities

The mechanism of formation of social qualities of people ( various knowledge, skills, values) in sociology and psychology is called socialization.

Terentyeva I.N. in a course of lectures on sociology describes this process in this way.

The need for socialization is due to the fact that social qualities are not inherited. They are assimilated, developed by an individual in the course of external influence on a passive object. Socialization requires the active participation of the individual himself and presupposes the existence of a sphere of activity.

The stages of socialization coincide (conditionally) with the stages age development individual:

Primary socialization;

secondary socialization.

Early (primary) socialization is associated with the acquisition of general cultural knowledge, with the development of initial ideas about the world and the nature of human relationships. A special stage of early socialization is adolescence. The special conflict nature of this age is connected with the fact that the possibilities and abilities of the child significantly exceed the rules prescribed for him, the framework of behavior.

Secondary socialization is professional socialization, which is associated with the acquisition of special knowledge and skills, with familiarization with a particular subculture. At this stage, the social contacts of the individual are expanding, the range of social roles is expanding, the inclusion of the individual in the system of social division of labor. It assumes adaptation in a professional subculture, as well as belonging to other subcultures.

Speed social change in modern societies leads to the fact that there is a need for resocialization, the assimilation of new knowledge, values, roles, skills instead of the old, insufficiently mastered or outdated. Resocialization covers many phenomena (from reading and speech correction to vocational training or change in value orientations of behavior), retirement age or loss of employment.

Each stage of socialization is associated with the action of certain agents. The agents of socialization are the people and institutions associated with it and responsible for its results.

Social conditions of socialization:

Object-spatial environment ( natural conditions; public, household interiors; planning and architecture of settlements);

Social relations (family, friendly, industrial)

Socially significant information (the nature of everyday, industrial, scientific, aesthetic, religious information about the world available to the individual and mastered by him).

Socialization involves the ability of a person to develop and implement the "I - concept". Such a concept includes personal and social identity, i.e. a person's ability to self-assess physical, intellectual, moral qualities and the ability to determine his belonging to any community (age, political, family, etc.). The action of identification as a mechanism of socialization is connected with the fact that the individual learns and implements norms, values, qualities, etc. those groups to which he is aware of belonging. In other words, people's actions are largely determined by their self-esteem and group membership.

In the textbook of sociology edited by Professor Volkov Yu.G. a more complete explanation of the phenomenon of socialization is given.

It is noted there that thanks to socialization, a simple biological organism is transformed into a personality - a truly social being. Without socialization, the revival of culture from generation to generation would be impossible. Human beings are completely dependent on the social heritage created by countless generations of their ancestors over many millennia. Thanks to cultural heritage each new generation is able to move forward, relying on the achievements of the previous one. Without socialization, society could not exist for more than one generation. Individuals would not have the common skills and ideas they need to coordinate their actions and unite separate lives in a single social system.

Human socialization presupposes the presence of appropriate genetic material and an adequate environment.

The textbook gives a lot of examples when children were found different ages, raised either in the society of animals, or in loneliness and humiliation, with a complete lack of social qualities. These examples confirm the fact that our biological apparatus is not capable of creating a normal human personality in the absence of social interaction. Therefore, human qualities are the product of both heredity and environmental factors.

social quality individual socialization

Also in the textbook is an entertaining table of the hierarchical structure of the personality (according to K.K. Platonov):

Conclusion

Philosophers, teachers, linguists, sociologists, psychologists are interested in the social qualities of people. At the same time, the topic has been little developed: I have not found a single scientific work devoted directly to the topic of people's social qualities. Everywhere these qualities are touched upon, but nowhere are they thoroughly explored, even in textbooks on sociology. Apparently it is assumed that the topic is intuitive and there is no field for intellectual activity in this direction.

It is all the more difficult to investigate these qualities in the aspect of social policy, since there is no scientific material. However, on the basis of the above research, I will still try to consecrate the social qualities of people in the prism of the real discipline of "the foundations of social policy."

Based on the national projects of Russia, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The national project "Health" is based on such a social quality of people as the desire for a healthy lifestyle. After all, if all people were negligent about their health and consciously neglected it, then such a national project would be a failure.

2. The national project "Education" is based on the following social qualities of people: the desire for knowledge, for beauty, for self-improvement, inquisitive mind, etc. It is obvious that otherwise this national project would be meaningless.

3. National project "Affordable and comfortable housing for the citizens of Russia". The government is interested in the following social qualities of Russians: the desire for comfortable housing, the creation of a family, etc. Since it is clear that if Russians wanted to live alone and vagrancy, then this national project would be intended for non-existent people.

Based on the implementation of social policy in our country, the following conclusions can also be drawn.

Rulers and economists are concerned about reducing unemployment, trying to help people find work, support them financially in the search process, and so on. This activity is based on such a social quality of people as diligence. Diligence combined with the desire to live comfortably, satisfying one's physiological and spiritual needs, with the desire to fulfill oneself, to grow professionally.

An equally important factor of concern and appropriate action on the part of the government is the demographic situation. Thus, political actions are designed for such social qualities of people as the desire to start a family, care for offspring, the desire to give children a decent education, etc. Otherwise, people either did not reproduce at all, or did it like other animals: without regulating the number, about their future fate. So there would be an army of uneducated, asocial homeless children. The government, taking care of the population, obviously means required quality"human material".

Tolerance is also an important social quality of people for the government. To create this quality, funds are spent from the country's budget, specialists are involved, and appropriate measures are taken. The government of Russia absolutely needs this social quality of the people, because at present more than two million migrants arrive annually. In this way, the government is trying to prevent aggressive methods that can lead to riots, terrorist attacks or even civil war.

The main thing, the fundamental quality that all citizens of the country should possess is discipline. Law-abidingness, loyalty and other qualities that contribute to manageability follow from this quality. Without this basic quality, politics from a social one will instantly be re-profiled into a military one.

But these are useful qualities for the state, and for people the main social qualities are a sense of humor, sociability and patience.

List of used literature

1. Andreeva G.M. Social Psychology// vuzlib.net.

2. Kemerov V. Philosophical encyclopedia // "Panprint", 1998.

3. Kim I. E. Humanities. Issue 10. No. 39 (2005).

6. Monakhov N.I. Studying the effectiveness of education: Theory and methods. - M.: Pedagogy, 1981.

7. Ponasenko I.I. Creation of optimal conditions for the development of socially significant personality traits of a student of a linguistic profile at the second stage of education festival.1september.ru.

8. Terentyeva I.N. Course of lectures on sociology // soc.lib.ru.

9. Sociology: Textbook / Ed. prof. SOUTH. Volkova.- Ed. 2nd, rev. and additional - M .: Gardariki, 2003.

10. Sociological Dictionary // enc-dic.com/sociology.

11. Tomsk pedagogical portal // planeta.edu.tomsk.ru.

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Introduction

Despite the fact that the social qualities of a person are studied by a large number of scientific disciplines, such as: sociology, pedagogy, philosophy, linguistics, psychology, etc., the topic remains controversial and not sufficiently developed, and therefore very relevant.

The purpose of this study is to define the social qualities of a person, the types and mechanisms of formation.

Research objectives:

1. Analysis of the literature on the topic of the test. Theoretical study of socially significant qualities of people based on the materials of scientific literature.

2. Conducting an empirical study of the social qualities of people.

3. Analysis of the obtained results.

Hypothesis: the social qualities of people are not inherited and arise exclusively in the process of socialization.

Object of research: social qualities of people.

Subject of research: concept, types, mechanisms of formation of social qualities of people.

Research methodology: analysis of selected scientific and practical literature.

The work consists of three chapters, introduction, conclusion, list of references.

The work is done on 18 sheets.

The concept of human social qualities

The most complete definition is given by sociology, explaining social quality as a concept that captures certain socially defined characteristics of an individual, social groups and classes, inseparable from the mode of existence and activity of historical subjects. The very concept of "personality" designates in sociology the historically established, socially conditioned typological unity (quality) of an individual. Therefore, a personality is a concrete expression of the social essence of a person, a certain way realized integration in an individual of socially significant features and social relations of a given society. The term "personality" was formed from the Latin words "persona" (actor's mask, role, position, meaning, face) and "personare" (to speak through). Thus, it used to denote the stylized mask of an actor. Therefore, in a sense, all people wear "social masks". For many years, people have been learning how to become a person among people, to comply with certain norms, rules, role instructions. In that sense, the word "personality" denotes the totality of such social qualities (expressed in certain stereotypes of behavior) that an individual demonstrates in front of an "audience". So, personality is a product of social development, and in this regard, the main thing in it is its social quality.

Social qualities are not reduced to individual qualities, no matter how complex they may be in themselves. The evolutionary precursors of the social qualities of a person are forms of inherited biological behavior, i.e., such psychological constructions that are partially used in the subsequent genesis of the social. These include the need for an animal to stay in a group, the ability to obey the "norms" of behavior, i.e., the ability to self-restraint, the transfer of the form of parental relations to other people's cubs and weak individuals, overcoming "zoo-psychological individualism" under pressure from the needs of the community.

The natural forces of man, especially the higher forms of the psyche, are filled with social content only when they begin to perform certain social functions.

Thus, the social qualities of people are common qualities that are repeated and stable in the behavior of various groups and communities of people.

The Philosophical Encyclopedia interprets the concept of social qualities in this way - this is the concentration of human experience, the joint and individual activities of people, their various combinations, compositions, syntheses. Social qualities are contained in the being of people, in their abilities, needs, skills, knowledge, their inherent forms of behavior and interaction. Social qualities are developed, distributed, complicated (or simplified) in the process of development of human contacts, cultural exchanges, economic and other interactions between social communities. Acting as mediators between various social qualities, they themselves are part of these qualities, become forms of realization of their being. In other words, social qualities "come to life" and "live" only in the social process, in the interactions of people and people, people and things, in the dynamics of reproduction and renewal of social life.

Linguist Kim I.E. this is how this concept is explained - the social qualities of a person are his abilities for social activity and the characteristics of his social behavior.

A feature of the expression of qualities is the presence of a reference morphological class intended for their designation - an adjective. The meaning of the quality, however, can be expressed by nouns, verbs and adverbs, as separate lexemes, and (in the case of a noun and a verb) separate forms or particular paradigms of forms.

Quality can manifest itself in different quantities, which is reflected in the grammar of the adjective (category of the degree of comparison), in its derivational potential (the presence of regular derivatives with a value of low and high intensity of quality), as well as in its semantic and syntactic valencies, namely, the presence of dependent adverbs of measure and degrees. There are other grammatical, derivational and lexical means of expressing the gradualness of qualities: a noun with a person meaning, a noun with a quality meaning, an adjective, short (predicative) or full (attributive), verb or verb phrase.

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences Kostyuchenko A.A. under the socially significant qualities of people he understands the qualities that contribute to the solution of socially significant tasks, the formation of the individual as a citizen: organization, independence, social activity, social initiative, responsibility, sociability, reflection, emotional stability, empathy.

Psychologists agree that with the general lack of development of the problem of personality traits, it is rather difficult to outline the range of its socio-psychological qualities. And although the problem is at the very initial stages of its development, however, at least it is possible to establish agreement on one point: the socio-psychological qualities of a person are qualities that are formed in joint activities with other people, as well as in communication with them. Both the one and the other series of qualities are formed in the conditions of those real social groups in which the personality functions.