Fun experiences for little fidgets! Entertaining experiences and experiments for preschoolers.

Paper, scissors, heat source.

This experiment always surprises kids, but to make it more interesting for two-year-olds, combine it with creativity. Cut out a spiral from paper, color it with your child so that it looks like a snake, and then proceed to “revive”. This is done very simply: place a heat source below, for example, a burning candle, electric stove(or hob), iron upside down, an incandescent lamp, a heated dry frying pan. Place a serpentine coil over a heat source on a string or wire. After a few seconds, it will “come to life”: it will begin to rotate under the influence of warm air.

For children 3 years old:rain in the bank

Three liter jar, hot water, plate, ice.

With the help of this experience, it is easy to explain to a three-year-old "scientist" the simplest phenomena of nature. Pour about 1/3 into a jar hot water hotter is better. Place a bowl of ice on the neck of the jar. And then - everything is like in nature - the water evaporates, rises up in the form of steam, at the top the water cools and a cloud forms, from which the real rain comes. In a three-liter jar, it will rain for one and a half to two minutes.

For children 4 years old:balls and rings

Alcohol, water, vegetable oil, syringe.

Four-year-old children are already thinking about how everything works in nature. Show them a beautiful and exciting weightlessness experiment. On the preparatory stage mix alcohol with water, you should not involve a child in this, it is enough to explain that this liquid is similar in weight to oil. After all, it is the oil that will be poured into the prepared mixture. You can take any vegetable oil, but pour it very carefully from a syringe. As a result, the oil appears as if in weightlessness and takes its natural shape - the shape of a ball. The child will be surprised to observe a round transparent ball in the water. With a four-year-old kid, you can already talk about gravity, which makes liquids spill and spread, and about weightlessness, because all liquids in space look like balls. As a bonus, show your child another trick: if you stick a rod into the ball and rotate it quickly, an oil ring will separate from the ball.

For children 5 years old:invisible ink

Milk or lemon juice, brush or pen, hot iron.

At the age of five, the baby probably already owns a brush. Even if he can't write yet, he can draw a secret letter. Then the message will also be encrypted. Modern children did not read the story about Lenin and the inkpot with milk at school, but it will be no less interesting for them to observe the properties of milk and lemon juice than for their parents in childhood. The experience is very simple. Dip the brush in milk or lemon juice (it is better to use both liquids, then the quality of the “ink” can be compared) and write something on a piece of paper. Then dry the writing so that the paper looks clean and heat the sheet. It is most convenient to develop notes with an iron. Onion or apple juice is suitable as ink.

For children 6 years old:rainbow in a glass

Sugar, food coloring, a few clear glasses.

Perhaps the experience will seem too simple for a six-year-old, but in fact it is worthwhile painstaking work for a patient "scientist". It is good because the young scientist can do most of the manipulations himself. Three tablespoons of water and dyes are poured into four glasses: in different glasses - different colors. Then add a spoonful of sugar to the first glass, two spoons to the second, three to the third, and four to the fourth. The fifth glass remains empty. In glasses, put in order, pour 3 tablespoons of water and mix thoroughly. Then a few drops of one paint are added to each glass and mixed. The fifth glass contains pure water without sugar and dye. Carefully, along the blade of a knife, pour the contents of the “colored” glasses into a glass of clean water as the “sweetness” increases, that is, scientifically, the saturation of the solution. And if you did everything right, then there will be a small sweet rainbow in the glass. If you want scientific talk, tell your child about the difference in density of liquids, due to which the layers do not mix.

For children 7 years old:egg in a bottle

Chicken egg, bottle pomegranate juice, hot water or paper with matches.

The experiment is practically safe and very simple, but quite effective. The child will be able to spend most of it on his own, the adult should only help with hot water or fire.

The first step is to boil the egg and peel it. And then there are two options. The first is to pour hot water into a bottle, put an egg on top, then put the bottle in cold water(in ice) or just wait until the water cools down. The second way is to throw burning paper into the bottle and put an egg on top. The result will not be long in coming: as soon as the air or water inside the bottle cools down, it will begin to shrink, and before the novice “physicist” has time to blink, the egg will be inside the bottle.

Be careful not to trust your child to pour hot water or work with fire.

For children 8 years old:"Pharaoh Serpent"

Calcium gluconate, dry fuel, matches or lighter.

There are many ways to get Pharaoh Serpents. We will tell you about the one that an eight-year-old child can do. The smallest and safest, but rather spectacular "snakes" are obtained from ordinary calcium gluconate tablets, they are sold in a pharmacy. To make them turn into snakes, set fire to the pills. The simplest and safe way to do this is to put a few circles of calcium gluconate on a tablet of "dry fuel", which is sold in tourist shops. When burning, the tablets will begin to increase dramatically and move like living reptiles due to the release of carbon dioxide, so from the point of view of science, the experience is explained quite simply.

By the way, if the “snakes” of gluconate didn’t seem very scary to you, try making them out of sugar and soda. In this version, a hill of sifted river sand is impregnated with alcohol, and sugar and soda are placed in a depression at its top, then the sand is set on fire.

It would not be superfluous to recall that all manipulations with fire are carried out far from flammable objects, strictly under the supervision of an adult and very carefully.

For children aged 9:non-newtonian fluid

Starch, water.

This is an amazing experiment, which is easy to do, especially if the scientist is already 9. The study is serious. The goal is to obtain and study a non-Newtonian fluid. This is a substance that behaves like a liquid with a mild impact, and exhibits properties with a strong impact. solid body. In nature, quicksand behaves in a similar way. At home - a mixture of water and starch. In a bowl, combine water with corn or potato starch in a ratio of 1: 2 and mix well. You will see how the mixture resists when stirred quickly and mixes when gently stirred. Throw a ball into the bowl with the mixture, lower the toy into it, and then try to pull it out sharply, take the mixture in your hands and let it flow calmly back into the bowl. You yourself can come up with a lot of games with this amazing composition. And this is an excellent opportunity to figure out together with the child how the molecules in different substances are interconnected.

For children 10 years old:water desalination

Salt, water, plastic wrap, glass, pebbles, basin.

This exploration is best for those who love travel and adventure books and movies. Indeed, on a journey, a situation may occur when the hero finds himself on the high seas without drinking water. If the traveler is already 10 and he learns to do this trick, he will not be lost. For the experiment, first prepare salt water, that is, simply pour water into a deep basin and salt it “by eye” (the salt should completely dissolve). Now put a glass in our “sea”, so that the edges of the glass are slightly above the surface of salt water, but lower than the edges of the basin, and put a clean pebble or a glass ball in the glass, which will not allow the glass to float. Cover the basin with cling film or greenhouse film and tie the edges around the basin. It should not be pulled too tight so that it is possible to make a recess (this recess is also fixed with a stone or a glass ball). It should be just above the glass. Now it remains to put the basin in the sun. The water will evaporate, settle on the film and drain down the slope into a glass - this will be the usual drinking water, all the salt will remain in the basin. The beauty of this experience is that the child can do it completely on their own.

For children aged 11:litmus cabbage

Red cabbage, filter paper, vinegar, lemon, soda, cola, ammonia, etc.

Here the child will have the opportunity to get acquainted with real chemical terms. Any parent remembers such a thing as a litmus test from a chemistry course, and will be able to explain that this is an indicator - a substance that reacts differently to the level of acidity in other substances. A child can easily make such indicator papers at home and, of course, test them by checking the acidity in various household liquids.

The easiest way is to make an indicator from the usual red cabbage. Grate the cabbage and squeeze out the juice, then saturate filter paper (available at drugstores or wine shops) with it. The cabbage indicator is ready. Now cut the pieces of paper into smaller pieces and place them in different liquids that you can find at home. It remains only to remember which color corresponds to which level of acidity. In an acidic environment, the paper will turn red, in a neutral environment it will turn green, and in an alkaline environment it will turn blue or purple. As a bonus, try making "alien" scrambled eggs by adding red cabbage juice to the egg white before frying. At the same time, you will find out what level of acidity is in a chicken egg.

Factrum publishes 8 experiments that will delight children and raise many new questions in them.

1. Lava lamp

Need: Salt, water, glass vegetable oil, some food coloring, a large clear glass or glass jar.

Experience: Fill a glass 2/3 full with water, pour vegetable oil into the water. The oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.

Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil, along with the salt, begins to sink to the bottom. As the salt breaks down, it releases oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make the experience more visual and spectacular.

2. Personal rainbow

Need: A container filled with water (bath, basin), a flashlight, a mirror, a sheet of white paper.

Experience: Pour water into the container and put a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of a flashlight to the mirror. The reflected light must be caught on paper, on which a rainbow should appear.

Explanation: A beam of light consists of several colors; when it passes through the water, it decomposes into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.

3. Volcano

Need: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food coloring, baking soda, vinegar.

Experience: A small volcano should be molded around a small plastic bottle made of clay or sand - for entourage. To cause an eruption, you should pour two tablespoons of soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter cup of warm water, add a little food coloring, and finally pour in a quarter cup of vinegar.

Explanation: When baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins, releasing water, salt, and carbon dioxide. Gas bubbles and push the contents out.

4. Grow crystals

Need: Salt, water, wire.

Experience: To obtain crystals, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution - one in which the salt does not dissolve when a new portion is added. In this case, you need to keep the solution warm. To make the process go better, it is desirable that the water be distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always in the salt. Further, a wire with a small loop at the end can be lowered into the solution. Put the jar in a warm place so that the liquid cools more slowly. After a few days, beautiful salt crystals will grow on the wire. If you get the hang of it, you can grow fairly large crystals or patterned crafts on twisted wire.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.

5. Dancing coin

Need: A bottle, a coin that can be used to cover the neck of a bottle, water.

Experience: An empty unopened bottle should be put in the freezer for several minutes. Moisten a coin with water and cover the bottle taken out of the freezer with it. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to bounce and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds similar to clicks.

Explanation: The coin is lifted by air, which has compressed in the freezer and occupied a smaller volume, and now has heated up and began to expand.

6. Colored milk

Need: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton swabs, plate.

Experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of dyes. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in detergent and touch the wand to the very center of the plate with milk. The milk will move and the colors will mix.

Explanation: Detergent reacts with fat molecules in milk and sets them in motion. That is why skimmed milk is not suitable for the experiment.

7. Fireproof bill

Need: Ten-rouble note, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (½ part alcohol to ½ part water).

Experience: Add a pinch of salt to the alcohol solution, immerse the bill in the solution so that it is completely soaked. Remove the bill from the solution with tongs and allow excess liquid to drain. Set fire to a bill and watch it burn without burning.

Explanation: As a result of the combustion of ethanol, water, carbon dioxide and heat (energy) are formed. When you set fire to a bill, alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not enough to evaporate the water that the paper bill is soaked in. As a result, all the alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and the slightly damp ten remains intact.

8. Walk on the balls

Need: two dozen eggs in cells, a garbage bag, a bucket of water, soap and good friends.

Experience: Lay a trash bag on the floor and place two boxes of eggs on it. Check the eggs in the boxes, replace if you notice a cracked egg. Also check that all eggs are oriented in the same direction - either with sharp ends up or blunt. If you place your foot correctly, evenly distributing the weight, you can stand or walk barefoot on the balls. If you don’t want extreme from careless movement, you can put a thin board or tile on top of the eggs. Then nothing will stop you.

Explanation: Everyone knows that it is easy to crack an egg, but egg shells are very strong and can withstand big weight. The "architecture" of the egg is such that with uniform pressure, the stress is distributed throughout the shell and does not allow it to break.

Entertaining experiences for preschoolers, experiments for kids at home, magic tricks for kids, entertaining science... How to curb the seething energy and indefatigable curiosity of the baby? How to make the most of the inquisitiveness of the child's mind and push the child to explore the world? How to promote the development of a child's creativity? These and other questions certainly arise before parents and educators. In this work, we have collected a large number of a variety of experiences and experiments that can be carried out with children to expand their understanding of the world, for intellectual and creative development child. The described experiments do not require any special preparation and almost no material costs.

How to pierce balloon ik without harm to him?

The child knows that if the balloon is pierced, it will burst. Stick on the ball on both sides of a piece of adhesive tape. And now you can safely pierce the ball through the tape without any harm to it.

"Submarine" No. 1. Submarine from grapes

Grab a glass of fresh sparkling water or lemonade and toss a grape into it. It is slightly heavier than water and will sink to the bottom. But gas bubbles, similar to small ones, will immediately begin to sit on it. air balloons. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up.

But on the surface, the bubbles will burst and the gas will escape. The heavy grape will again sink to the bottom. Here it will again be covered with gas bubbles and rise again. This will continue several times until the water "exhales". According to this principle, a real boat floats up and rises. And the fish have swim bladder. When she needs to dive, the muscles contract, squeezing the bladder. Its volume decreases, the fish goes down. And you have to get up - the muscles relax, dissolve the bubble. It increases and the fish floats up.

"Submarine" No. 2. Egg submarine

Take 3 jars: two half-liter and one liter. Fill one jar with clean water and dip into it a raw egg. It will drown.

Pour a strong solution into the second jar table salt(2 tablespoons per 0.5 liters of water). Dip the second egg there - it will float. This is because salt water is heavier, so it is easier to swim in the sea than in a river.

Now put an egg on the bottom of a liter jar. Gradually adding water from both small jars in turn, you can get a solution in which the egg will neither float nor sink. It will be held, as if suspended, in the middle of the solution.

When the experiment is done, you can show the focus. By adding salt water, you will ensure that the egg will float. Adding fresh water - that the egg will sink. Externally salty and fresh water is not different from each other and it will look amazing.

How to get a coin out of the water without getting your hands wet? How to get out of the water dry?

Put the coin on the bottom of the plate and fill it with water. How to take it out without getting your hands wet? The plate must not be tilted. Fold a small piece of newspaper into a ball, set fire to it, throw it into a half-liter jar and immediately put it down with the hole in the water next to the coin. The fire will go out. The heated air will come out of the can, and due to the atmospheric pressure difference inside the can, the water will be drawn into the can. Now you can take the coin without getting your hands wet.

lotus flowers

Cut flowers with long petals from colored paper. Using a pencil, twist the petals towards the center. And now lower the multi-colored lotuses into the water poured into the basin. Literally before your eyes, the flower petals will begin to bloom. This is because the paper gets wet, becomes gradually heavier and the petals open.

natural magnifier

If you need to make out any small creature, such as a spider, a mosquito or a fly, it is very easy to do this.

Plant the insect in a three-liter jar. From above, tighten the neck with cling film, but do not pull it, but, on the contrary, push it so that a small container forms. Now tie the film with a rope or elastic band, and pour water into the recess. You will get a wonderful magnifying glass through which you can perfectly see the smallest details.

The same effect will be obtained if you look at an object through a jar of water, fixing it on the back of the jar with transparent tape.

water candlestick

Take a short stearin candle and a glass of water. Weight the lower end of the candle with a heated nail (if the nail is cold, the candle will crumble) so that only the wick and the very edge of the candle remain above the surface.

The glass of water in which this candle floats will be the candlestick. Light the wick and the candle will burn for quite some time. It seems that it is about to burn down to water and go out. But that won't happen. The candle will burn out almost to the very end. And besides, a candle in such a candlestick will never cause a fire. The wick will be extinguished with water.

How to get drinking water?

Dig a hole in the ground about 25 cm deep and 50 cm in diameter. Place an empty plastic container or wide bowl in the center of the hole, put fresh green grass and leaves around it. Cover the hole with clean plastic wrap and fill its edges with earth so that air does not escape from the pit. Place a stone in the center of the film and lightly press the film over the empty container. The device for collecting water is ready.

Leave your design until the evening. And now carefully shake the earth off the film so that it does not fall into the container (bowl), and look: there is clean water in the bowl.

Where did she come from? Explain to the child that under the influence of the sun's heat, the grass and leaves began to decompose, releasing heat. Warm air always rises. It settles in the form of evaporation on a cold film and condenses on it in the form of water droplets. This water flowed into your container; remember, you pushed the film a little and put a stone there.

Now you have to come up with interesting story about travelers who went to distant lands and forgot to take water with them, and start an exciting journey.

Miraculous matches

You will need 5 matches.

Break them in the middle, bend them at a right angle and put them on a saucer.

Put a few drops of water on the folds of the matches. Watch. Gradually, the matches will begin to straighten out and form a star.

The reason for this phenomenon, which is called capillarity, is that wood fibers absorb moisture. She crawls further and further along the capillaries. The tree swells, and its surviving fibers "get fat", and they can no longer bend much and begin to straighten out.

Washbasin chief. Making a washbasin is easy

Toddlers have one feature: they always get dirty when there is even the slightest opportunity for that. And the whole day to take a child home to wash is quite troublesome, besides, children do not always want to leave the street. Solving this issue is very simple. Make a simple washbasin with your child.

To do this, you need to take a plastic bottle, on its side surface about 5 cm from the bottom, make a hole with an awl or nail. The work is finished, the washbasin is ready. Plug the hole made with your finger, pour water to the top and close the lid. Slightly unscrewing it, you get a trickle of water by screwing it - you will "close the tap" of your washbasin.

Where did the ink go? transformations

Drop ink or ink into a bottle of water to make the solution a pale blue. There also put a tablet of crushed activated carbon. Close the mouth with your finger and shake the mixture.

She brightens up before her eyes. The fact is that coal absorbs dye molecules with its surface and it is no longer visible.

Making a cloud

Pour hot water into a three-liter jar (about 2.5 cm). Place a few ice cubes on a baking sheet and place it on top of the jar. The air inside the jar, rising up, will cool. The water vapor it contains will condense to form a cloud.

This experiment simulates the formation of clouds when warm air cools. And where does the rain come from? It turns out that the drops, heated up on the ground, rise up. It gets cold there, and they huddle together, forming clouds. When they meet together, they increase, become heavy and fall to the ground in the form of rain.

I don't believe my hands

Prepare three bowls of water: one with cold water, another with room water, and a third with hot water. Ask the child to put one hand into the bowl of cold water, the second - with hot water. After a few minutes, have him submerge both hands in water at room temperature. Ask if she seems hot or cold to him. Why is there a difference in hand feel? Can you always trust your hands?

water suction

Put the flower in water, tinted with any paint. Watch how the color of the flower changes. Explain that the stem has ducts that carry water up to the flower and color it. This phenomenon of water absorption is called osmosis.

Vaults and tunnels

Glue a thin paper tube slightly larger in diameter than a pencil. Insert a pencil into it. Then carefully fill the tube with the pencil with sand so that the ends of the tube come out. Pull out the pencil and you will see that the tube is not crumpled. Sand grains form protective vaults. Insects caught in the sand come out from under the thick layer unharmed.

All equally

Take an ordinary coat hanger, two identical containers (these can also be large or medium disposable cups and even aluminum cans for drinks, however, you need to cut off the cans upper part). In the upper part of the container on the side, opposite each other, make two holes, insert any rope into them and attach it to a hanger, which you hang, for example, on the back of a chair. Balance containers. And now, pour either berries, or sweets, or cookies into such impromptu scales, and then the children will not argue who got more goodies.

"Good boy and roly-poly". Obedient and naughty egg

First, try placing a whole raw egg on the blunt or pointed end. Then start experimenting.

Poke two holes the size of a match head at the ends of the egg and blow out the contents. Rinse the inside thoroughly. Let the shell dry well from the inside for one to two days. After that, close up the hole with plaster, glue with chalk or whitewash so that it becomes invisible.

Fill the shell with clean and dry sand about one quarter. Seal the second hole in the same way as the first. Obedient egg is ready. Now, in order to put it in any position, just shake the egg slightly, holding it in the position that it should take. The grains of sand will move and the placed egg will keep its balance.

To make a “roly-poly” (roly-poly), you need to throw 30-40 pieces of the smallest pellets and pieces of stearin from a candle into the egg instead of sand. Then put the egg on one end and heat it up. The stearin will melt, and when it hardens, it will stick the pellets together and stick them to the shell. Cover the holes in the shell.

The tumbler will be impossible to put down. An obedient egg will stand on the table, and on the edge of the glass, and on the knife handle.

If your child wants to, have them paint both eggs or make funny faces on them.

Boiled or raw?

If there are two eggs on the table, one of which is raw and the other is boiled, how can you determine this? Of course, every housewife will do this with ease, but show this experience to a child - he will be interested.

Of course, he is unlikely to connect this phenomenon with the center of gravity. Explain to him that in a boiled egg the center of gravity is constant, so it spins. And in a raw egg, the internal liquid mass is like a brake, so a raw egg cannot spin.

"Stop, hands up!"

Take a small plastic jar for medicines, vitamins, etc. Pour some water into it, put any effervescent tablet and close it with a lid (non-screw).

Put it on the table, turning it upside down, and wait. The gas released at chemical reaction pills and water, pushes the bottle out, there will be a “roar” and the bottle will be thrown up.

"Magic Mirrors" or 1? 3? 5?

Place two mirrors at an angle greater than 90°. Put one apple in the corner.

This is where it begins, but only begins, a real miracle. There are three apples. And if you gradually reduce the angle between the mirrors, then the number of apples begins to increase.

In other words, the smaller the angle of approach of the mirrors, the more objects will be reflected.

Ask your child if it is possible to make 3, 5, 7 from one apple without using cutting objects. What will he answer you? Now put the above experience.

How to wipe the knee green from the grass?

Take fresh leaves of any green plant, be sure to put them in a thin-walled glass and pour a small amount of vodka. Place the glass in a pot of hot water water bath), but not directly to the bottom, but to some wooden circle. When the water in the saucepan has cooled, remove the leaves from the glass with tweezers. They will discolor, and the vodka will turn emerald green, as chlorophyll, the green dye of plants, has been released from the leaves. It helps plants "eat" solar energy.

This experience will be useful in life. For example, if a child accidentally stains his knees or hands with grass, then you can wipe them off with alcohol or cologne.

Where did the smell go?

Take corn sticks, put them in a jar that has been dripped with cologne, and close it with a tight lid. After 10 minutes, when you open the lid, you will not feel the smell: it was absorbed by the porous substance of the corn sticks. This absorption of color or odor is called adsorption.

What is elasticity?

Take in one hand a small rubber ball, and in the other - a plasticine ball of the same size. Drop them to the floor from the same height.

How did the ball and the ball behave, what changes happened to them after the fall? Why does the plasticine not bounce, but the ball bounces, perhaps because it is round, or because it is red, or because it is rubber?

Invite your child to be the ball. Touch the baby's head with your hand, and let him sit down a little, bending his knees, and when you remove your hand, let the child straighten his legs and jump. Let the baby jump like a ball. Then explain to the child that the same thing happens with the ball as with him: he bends his knees, and the ball is pressed a little when it hits the floor, he straightens his knees and bounces, and what is pressed in the ball straightens. The ball is elastic.

A plasticine or wooden ball is not elastic. Tell the child: “I will touch your head with my hand, but don’t bend your knees, don’t be elastic.”

Touch the child's head, and let him not bounce like a wooden ball. If you do not bend your knees, then it is impossible to jump. You can't straighten your knees that haven't been bent. A wooden ball, when it hits the floor, is not pressed in, which means it does not straighten out, so it does not bounce. He's not resilient.

The concept of electric charges

Blow up a small balloon. Rub the ball on wool or fur, and even better on your hair, and you will see how the ball will begin to stick to literally all objects in the room: to the closet, to the wall, and most importantly, to the child.

This is because all objects have a certain electrical charge. As a result of contact between two various materials separation of electrical discharges.

dancing foil

Cut aluminum foil (shiny chocolate or candy wrappers) into very narrow, long strips. Run the comb through your hair, and then bring it close to the sections.

The stripes will begin to dance. That attract each other positive and negative electric charges.

Hanging on the head, or is it possible to hang on the head?

Make a light top out of cardboard by putting it on a thin stick. Sharpen the lower end of the stick, and stick a tailor's pin (with a metal, not a plastic head) deeper into the upper end so that only the head is visible.

Descendants of Sherlock Holmes, or In the Footsteps of Sherlock Holmes

Mix the soot from the stove with talc. Let the child breathe on a finger and press it against a sheet of white paper. Sprinkle this place with the prepared black mixture. Shake the sheet of paper so that the mixture covers well the area where the finger was applied. Pour the rest of the powder back into the jar. There will be a clear fingerprint on the sheet.

This is explained by the fact that we always have a little fat from the subcutaneous glands on our skin. Everything we touch leaves an indelible mark. And the mixture we made sticks well to fat. Thanks to the black soot, it makes the print visible.

Together is more fun

Cut out a circle from thick cardboard, circling the rim of the teacup. On one side, in the left half of the circle, draw a boy figure, and on the other side, a girl figure, which should be located upside down in relation to the boy. Make a small hole on the left and right of the cardboard, insert the elastic bands with loops.

Now stretch the elastic bands in different directions. The cardboard circle will spin quickly, pictures from different parties line up and you will see two figures standing side by side.

The secret thief of jam. Or maybe it's Carlson?

Grind the pencil lead with a knife. Let the child rub his finger with the prepared powder. Now you need to press your finger to a piece of tape, and stick the tape to white sheet paper - your baby's fingerprint pattern will be visible on it. Now we will find out whose prints were left on the jar of jam. Or maybe it was Carloson who flew in?

Unusual drawing

Give your child a piece of clean, light-colored cloth (white, blue, pink, light green).

Pick the petals off different colors: yellow, orange, red, blue, blue, as well as green leaves of different shades. Just remember that some plants are poisonous, such as aconite.

Spread this mixture on a cloth placed on cutting board. You can both involuntarily pour petals and leaves, and build a conceived composition. Cover it with plastic wrap, fasten it on the sides with buttons and roll it all out with a rolling pin or tap on the fabric with a hammer. Shake off the used "paints", stretch the fabric over thin plywood and insert it into the frame. The masterpiece of young talent is ready!

It made a great gift for mom and grandma.

The Ghostbusters remake is coming out very soon, and this is a great excuse to revisit an old movie and explore non-Newtonian fluids. One of the characters in the film, the goofy ghost Lizun, is a good visualization. This is a character who loves to eat very much, and he also knows how to penetrate walls.

We will need:

• potato,
• tonic.

What do we do

Very finely (can be chopped in a food processor), cut the potatoes and pour hot water. After 10-15 minutes, drain the water through a sieve into a clean bowl and set aside. A sediment will appear at the bottom - starch. Drain the water, the starch will remain in the bowl. In principle, you will already get a non-Newtonian fluid. You can play with it and watch how it hardens under your hands, and becomes liquid by itself. You can also add food coloring for a vibrant color.

Trevor Cox/Flickr.com

Now let's add some magic.

The starch needs to be dried (leave for a couple of days). And then add tonic to it and make a kind of dough that is easy to take in your hand. In the palms, it will retain its consistency, and if you stop and stop kneading it, it will begin to spread.

If you turn on the ultraviolet lamp, then you and your child will see how the dough begins to glow. This is due to quinine, which is contained in the tonic. It looks magical: a luminous substance that behaves as if it violates all the laws of physics.

2. Get superpowers

Comic book heroes are especially popular right now, so your child will love feeling like a powerful Magneto who can manipulate metals.

We will need:

• printer toner,
• magnet,
• vegetable oil.

What do we do

From the very beginning, get ready for the fact that after conducting this experiment you will need a lot of napkins or rags - it will be quite dirty.

Pour about 50 ml of laser toner into a small container. Add two tablespoons of vegetable oil and mix very well. Done - you have a liquid in your hands that will react to the magnet.

Jerald San Hose/Flickr.com

You can attach a magnet to the container and watch how the liquid literally sticks to the wall, forming a funny "hedgehog". It will be even more interesting if you find a board on which it is not a pity to pour a little black mixture, and invite the child to use a magnet to control a drop of toner.

3. Turn milk into a cow

Encourage your child to make a liquid solid without resorting to freezing. This is a very simple and impressive experience, although you have to wait a couple of days to get the result. But what an effect!

We will need:

• cup ,
• vinegar.

What do we do

Heat up a glass of milk microwave oven or on the stove. We don't boil. Then you need to add a tablespoon of vinegar to it. And now we start to interfere. Actively move the spoon in the glass to see how white clots appear. This is casein, a protein found in milk.

When there are a lot of clots, drain the mixture through a sieve. All that remains in the colander must be shaken, and then laid out on a paper towel and dried a little. Then start kneading the material with your hands. It will look like dough or clay. At this stage, you can add food coloring or glitter to make the white mass brighter and more interesting for the baby.

Invite the child to mold something from this material - a figurine of an animal (for example, a cow) or some other object. But you can just lay out the mass in plastic mold. Leave to dry for a day or two.

When the mass dries, you will have a figurine made of a very hard hypoallergenic material. Such "homemade plastic" was used until the 1930s. Jewelry, accessories, buttons were made from casein.

4. Manage snakes

Getting a vinegar and soda reaction is just about the most boring experience imaginable. "Volcanoes" and "pops" will not be of interest to modern children. But you can invite the child to become a “master of snakes” and show how acid and alkali still react.

We will need:

• packaging of jelly worms,
• soda,
• vinegar.

What do we do

We take two large transparent glasses. Pour water into one and pour soda. We mix. Open the package of jelly worms. It is better to cut each of them lengthwise, to make thinner. Then the experience will be more spectacular.

Thin worms should be put in a mixture of water and soda and mixed. Set aside for 5 minutes.

Pour vinegar into another glass. And now we add to this vessel the worms that have been in a glass of soda. Because of the soda, bubbles will be visible on their surface. So there is a reaction. The more worms you add to the glass, the more gas will be released. And after some time, the bubbles will raise the worms to the surface. Add more soda - the reaction will be more active and the worms themselves will begin to crawl out of the glass. Cool!

5. Make a hologram like in Star Wars

Of course, it is difficult to create a real hologram at home. But its likeness is quite real and not even very difficult. You will learn how to use the properties of light and turn 2D images into 3D images.

We will need:

• smartphone,
• cd box,
• stationery knife,
• scotch,
• paper,
• pencil.

What do we do

Draw a trapezoid on paper. The drawing can be seen in the photo: the length of the lower side of the trapezoid is 6 cm, the upper side is 1 cm.

BoredPanda.com

Carefully cut out a paper trapezoid and take out the CD box. We need a transparent part of it. Attach the pattern to the plastic and use a clerical knife to cut a trapezoid out of the plastic. Repeat three more times - we need four identical transparent elements.

Now they need to be glued together with adhesive tape so that it looks like a funnel or a truncated pyramid.

Take a smartphone and run one of the such videos. Place the plastic pyramid, narrow side down, in the center of the screen. Inside you will see a "hologram".

Giphy.com

You can run a video with characters from " Star Wars' and, for example, recreate famous recording of Princess Leia, or admire own miniature BB-8.

6. Get away with it

Every child can build a sand castle on the seashore. How about building it under water? Along the way, you can learn the concept of "hydrophobic".

We will need:

• colored sand for aquariums (you can take regular sand, but it needs to be washed and dried),
• hydrophobic shoe spray.

What do we do

Carefully pour the sand onto a large plate or baking sheet. We apply a hydrophobic spray on it. We do this very carefully: spray, mix, repeat several times. The task is simple - to make sure that a protective layer envelops each grain of sand.

University of Exeter/Flickr.com

When the sand dries, collect it in a bottle or bag. Take a large container for water (for example, a jar with a wide mouth or an aquarium). Show your child how hydrophobic sand "works". If you pour it in a thin stream into water, it will sink to the bottom, but remain dry. This is easy to check: let the baby take some sand from the bottom of the container. As soon as the sand rises from the water, it will crumble in the palm of your hand.

7. Classify information better than James Bond

Write secret messages lemon juice - last century. Is there another way to get invisible ink, which also allows you to learn a little more about the reaction of iodine and starch.

We will need:

• paper,
• brush.

What do we do

First we cook rice. Porridge can be eaten later, but we need a decoction - it has a lot of starch. Dip a brush into it and write a secret message on paper, such as "I know who ate all the cookies yesterday." Wait for the paper to dry. The starch letters will be invisible. To decipher the message, you need to moisten another brush or cotton swab in a solution of iodine and water and draw it over what is written. Due to the chemical reaction, blue letters will begin to appear on the paper. Voila!

Remember the MOST IMPORTANT rule during chemical experiments— never lick the spoon… :). And now seriously...

1. Homemade phone
Take 2 plastic cups (or empty and clean tins without cover). Make a thick cake out of plasticine a little larger than the bottom and place a glass on it. Make a hole in the bottom with a sharp knife. Do the same with the second glass.

Pull one end of the thread (its length should be about 5 meters) through the hole in the bottom and tie a knot.

Repeat the experiment with the second glass. Voila, the phone is ready!

For it to work, you need to pull the thread and not touch other objects (including fingers). By putting the cup to your ear, the baby will be able to hear what you are saying on the other end of the wire, even if you whisper or talk from different rooms. The cups act as a microphone and speaker in this experiment, and the thread serves as a telephone wire. The sound of your voice travels along a stretched string in the form of longitudinal sound waves.

2. Magic avocado
The essence of the experiment: Stick 4 skewers into the fleshy part of the avocado and place this almost alien structure over a transparent container of water - the sticks will serve as a support for the fruit so that it stays half above the water. Put the container in a secluded place, add water every day and watch what happens. After a while, stems will begin to grow from the bottom of the fruit directly into the water.

3. Unusual flowers
Buy a bunch of white carnations/roses.

The essence of the experiment: Place each carnation in a transparent vase, after making a cut on the stem. Then add food coloring to each bowl. different color- be patient and very soon white flowers will turn into unusual shades.

What do we do conclusion? A flower, like any plant, drink water, which goes along the stem throughout the flower through special tubes.

4. Colored bubbles
For this experiment, we will need a plastic bottle, sunflower oil, water, food coloring (paints for Easter eggs).

The essence of the experiment: Fill the bottle with water and sunflower oil in equal proportions, while leaving a third of the bottle empty. Add some food coloring and close the lid tightly.

You will be surprised to see that the liquids do not mix - the water stays at the bottom and becomes colored, while the oil rises to the top because its structure is less heavy and dense. Now try shaking our magic bottle - in a few seconds everything will return to normal. And now the final trick - we remove it in freezer and before us is another trick: oil and water have changed places!

5. Dancing grape
For this experiment, we need a glass of sparkling water and a grape.

The essence of the experiment: Throw a berry into the water and watch what happens next. Grapes are slightly heavier than water, so they will sink to the bottom first. But gas bubbles will immediately form on it. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up. But on the surface, the bubbles will burst and the gas will escape. The berry will again sink to the bottom and again be covered with gas bubbles, and again emerge. This will continue several times.

6 . Sieve - non-spill
Let's do a simple experiment. Take a sieve and grease it with oil. Then shake, pour water into the sieve so that it flows over inside sieves. And, lo and behold, the sieve will be filled!

Conclusion: Why doesn't water flow out? It is held by a surface film, it was formed due to the fact that the cells that were supposed to let the water through did not get wet. If you run your finger along the bottom and break the film, the water will start to flow out.

7. Salt for creativity
We will need a cup of hot water, salt, thick black paper and a brush.

The essence of the experiment: Add a couple of teaspoons of salt to a cup of hot water and mix the solution with a brush until all the salt is dissolved. Continue adding salt, stirring constantly until crystals form at the bottom of the cup. Paint a picture using the salt solution as paint. Leave the masterpiece overnight in a warm and dry place. When the paper dries, the pattern will appear. The salt molecules did not evaporate and formed crystals, the pattern of which we see.

8. Magic ball
Take a plastic bottle and a balloon.

The essence of the experiment: Put it on the neck and place the bottle in hot water - the balloon will inflate. This happened because warm air, consisting of molecules, expanded, pressure increased and the balloon inflated.

9. Volcano at home
We will need baking soda, vinegar and a container for the experiment.

The essence of the experiment: Place a tablespoon of baking soda in a bowl and pour in some vinegar. Baking soda(sodium bicarbonate) is alkaline, while vinegar is acidic. When they are together they form the sodium salt acetic acid. At the same time, carbon dioxide and water will be released and you will get a real volcano - the action will impress any kid!

10. Spinning Disc
The materials you will need are the simplest: glue, cover from plastic bottle with spout, CD and balloon.

The essence of the experiment: Glue the bottle cap to the CD so that the center of the hole in the cap aligns with the center of the hole in the CD. Let the glue dry, then proceed to the next step: inflate the balloon, twist its “neck” so that the air does not escape and pull the balloon onto the spout of the lid. Place the disk on a flat table and release the ball. The design will "float" on the table. The invisible air cushion acts as a lubricant and reduces friction between the disc and the table.

11. The magic of scarlet flowers
For the experiment, you should cut out a flower with long petals from paper, then use a pencil to twist the petal to the center - make curls. Now dip your flowers into a container of water (basin, soup bowl). Flowers come to life before your eyes and begin to bloom.

What do we do conclusion? The paper gets wet and becomes heavier.

12. Cloud in the bank.

You will need a 3-liter jar, a lid, hot water, ice.

The essence of the experiment: Pour hot water into a three-liter jar (level - 3-4 cm), cover the top of the jar with a lid / baking sheet, put pieces of ice on it.

The warm air inside the jar will begin to cool, condense, and rise up as a cloud. Yes, this is how clouds form.

Why is it raining? Drops in the form of heated steam rise up, they get cold there, they reach for each other, become heavy, large and ... return to their homeland again.

13. Can foil dance?

The essence of the experiment: Cut a piece of foil into thin strips. Then take a comb and comb your hair, then bring the comb close to the strips - and they will begin to move.

Conclusion: Particles fly in the air - electric charges that cannot live without each other, they are attracted to each other, although they are different in character, like “+” and “-”.

14. Where did the smell go?

You will need: a jar with a lid, corn sticks, perfume.

The essence of the experiment: Take a jar, put a little perfume on the bottom, put corn sticks on top and close with a tight lid. After 10 minutes, open the jar and smell it. Where has the perfume gone?

Conclusion: The smell was absorbed by the sticks. How did they do it? Due to the porous structure.

15. Dancing Liquid (non-trivial substance)

cook the simplest option of this liquid - a mixture of corn (or ordinary) starch and water in a ratio of 2: 1.

The essence of the experiment: Mix well and start having fun: if you slowly dip your fingers into it, it will be liquid, flowing from your hands, and if you hit it with your fist with all your might, the surface of the liquid will turn into an elastic mass.

Now this mass can be poured onto a baking sheet, put the baking sheet on a subwoofer or speaker and loudly turn on dynamic music (or some kind of vibrating noise).

From the variety of sound waves, the mass will behave differently - somewhere condensed, somewhere not, which is why a lively dancing effect is formed.

Add a few drops of food coloring and you will see how the dancing "worms" are colored in a peculiar way.

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17. Smoke without fire

Lay a simple paper napkin on a small saucer, pour a small hill of potassium permanganate on top of it and drop glycerin there. A few seconds later, smoke will appear, and almost immediately you will see a bright blue flash of flame. This occurs when potassium permanganate and glycerin are combined with the release of heat.

18. Can there be fire without matches?

Take a glass and pour some hydrogen peroxide into it. Add a few crystals of potassium permanganate there. Now drop the match in there. With a light pop, the match will burst into a bright flame. This is due to the active release of oxygen. Thus, you can explain to the child in practice why it is impossible to open windows in case of fire. Because of the oxygen, the fire will flare up even more.

19. Potassium permanganate in combination with water from a puddle

Take water from a standing puddle and add a solution of potassium permanganate to it. Instead of the usual purple color, the water will have a yellow tint, this is due to the dead microorganisms in dirty water. In addition, this way the child will more accurately understand why it is necessary to wash hands before eating.

20. Unusual Calcium Gluconate Snakes OR Pharaoh's Serpent

Buy calcium gluconate at the pharmacy. Take the pill carefully with tweezers (attention, the child should never do this on his own!), bring it to the fire. When the decomposition of calcium gluconate begins to occur, the release of calcium oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon and water will begin. And it will look like a black snake will appear from a small white piece.

21. Disappearing Styrofoam in Acetone

Styrofoam refers to gas-filled plastics and many builders who would come into contact at least once with this material know that acetone should not be placed next to the foam. Pour the acetone into a large bowl and start dropping the Styrofoam pieces into it little by little. You can see how the liquid will bubble up and the foam will disappear as if by magic!

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