Modern eco-design in the interior. Ecodesign trend

"at the address Vzlyotnaya St., 95 is preparing to hand over and receive new residents. In this residential complex, one of the first in Barnaul, the concept of a closed courtyard has been implemented, which strictly delimits the parking areas and recreation areas for children and adults. In other words, in the courtyard of the LCD "Seasons" will not have cars - all the space is given for children and sports grounds, a lot of space is given over to landscaping and places of relaxation. That is why the Soyuz Investment and Construction Company offers ideas for apartment design within the framework of an eco-concept that is harmonious for this quarter.

Eco-design in the modern world

The growth of cities and the emergence of new technologies and materials took people further and further away from nature. High-tech interior, ultra-modern materials were signs of prosperity and "advancement" of the owners of the apartment.

But at the end of the 20th century, people began to get tired of the city, of dullness, metal, noise and air pollution. Man again reached out to nature. In interior design, this manifested itself in a new style - eco-design.

The concept of eco-design implies the creation of an interior that gives a feeling of unity with nature. The interior, made in this vein, reproduces elements of the natural environment, and is also created using the maximum possible amount of natural materials. Today it is one of the most sought after modern styles.

Eco-interior materials

Eco-design is especially different from other styles in terms of the materials used. This is the case when the content determines the form. Wood, stone, clay, glass, fabrics made from natural materials are widely used. Reed or other leafy wallpapers, river stones, which can be used as wall cladding, are also perfect. These materials do not require the application of additional textures and forms - without processing, they will complement the interior with naturalness and simplicity.

The possibilities of natural materials allow you to create an interior from rustic, imitating rural houses, to ultra-modern, ideally combined with the most advanced technology.

Such building materials are good not only for their aesthetic qualities, but also for their environmental friendliness - being in an eco-room, you can be sure that your home does not poison you with chemical fumes. Therefore, eco-design is recommended for rooms in which children spend a lot of time.

Color spectrum

The eco-style interior creates the feeling that you are in nature. Hence the colors used in eco-design: beige, brown, white, delicate pastel colors. Natural colors are more often used: pale green, pale blue, colors of grass, water, stone, wood, soil. So that the interior is not "colorless", faded, bright hues combined with contrasting - black or dark wood.

Eco-interior requires a lot free space, sensations of "air", does not accept clutter. It is important not to block the windows, use various artificial light sources.

In the last decade of the last century, a completely new direction in design appeared - ecological, which became a reflection of human aspirations for rapprochement with nature. In such an interior it is considered inhumane to use non-natural materials. The main idea of ​​interior design is to emphasize the desire of the owners to appreciate the gifts of the surrounding world, which is expressed in the creation of a natural interior. In such an environment, a person begins to feel closer to nature, and rests from the hustle and bustle.

Let's try to understand in more detail what such a design is and how to recreate it.

Ecodesign emphasizes connection with nature and the environment

The definition itself is becoming very popular these days. When buying furniture and decor elements, we now pay attention to what they are made of. But in doing so, we completely lose sight of the fact that not all natural ones are pure. In this matter, not only the origin, but also the production technology of the product is important.

Environmentally friendly is the production in which all the rules that ensure the safety of the environment are observed.

Clay, wood and stones are the materials that man has used to build and furnish homes for many centuries.

Now the main idea when choosing materials for such a design is the belief that the less technologically processed, the more environmental friendliness and energy of wildlife in it. For example, wooden interior items treated several times with varnish are no better than their artificial counterparts. But if these wooden objects are made according to time-tested technology, they radiate the energy of nature and transfer it to their owners.

Ecological is not only interior design, but a whole philosophy. And its main concept is that our homes and offices need to be cleared of everything superfluous in order to reconnect with nature.

The ecological style in the interior draws attention, first of all, to the protection of nature and the harmonious existence of man in it.

The basis of ecodesign - use natural materials

Functional and decorative features things in the interior are already additional.
It is extremely important for the design to take into account the characteristics of the building and finishing material.

1. Of great importance are the conditions of manufacture and the possibility of recycling materials.
2. Creation includes not only materials, but also the methods of energy production used. The design features wind and solar generators.
3. The main requirement that is put forward when creating an interior in this style is the safety of materials. Materials should not harm health, help save money and natural resources.
4. Also necessary is a low noise level, the absence of emissions and radiation.
5. The origin of materials is also important, in the context of respect for nature and humanity for animals.
6. The room, which is decorated in an ecological direction, should be bright and spacious, and for this, the interior should not have extra things.
7. Sources artificial lighting must be simple forms and silhouettes.
8. Eco design implies the presence of large panoramic windows, and if this is not possible, you can resort to imitation.
9. Well suited for interior aquariums and live plants.

Application the right materials, as mentioned earlier - this is another component of the design. Once again, I would like to note that only environmentally friendly and natural materials are used. The most common materials in this style are wood, stone, glass, bamboo, silk, linen, cotton, rattan. Eco-leather, which is now extremely popular, can be especially distinguished.

Key directions in interior design in eco-style

We told you about general principles used in this design, and now let's focus on more detailed description interior elements:

Window

windows are very important element to create a favorable space. They provide air supply and ventilation in the room. Wooden windows, which used to be in houses, provided natural air access due to their leakage, and vents were opened for additional ventilation. Currently, double-glazed windows are airtight and have sound insulation, but do not provide natural air intake. The profile itself, from which double-glazed windows are made, does not harm. Harmful substances from this material can be released only at temperatures above 200 degrees.

Windows should let in light.

floors

1. Now it has become very fashionable to lay floors with laminate, which acts as a wood imitator. Laminate is made from wood shavings glued and pressed using formaldehyde resins. This flooring is inexpensive and easy to install. If you decide to use this particular coating for the interior, then it is better to use a more expensive laminate. The principle of production is the same, but the materials are better and safer.
2. Linoleum is better not to use.
3. It is not recommended to use such material as granite for floors. Granite is very often radioactive.
4. To cover the floors, you can use marble or limestone, which, unlike granite, is safe.
5. Be careful when laying a warm floor, it can emit radioactive fields. You can not make a warm floor with loops using a single heating element. You do not need to do the floor throughout the room, especially you should not do it in the bedroom and nursery.
6. Most best material for floors - it is parquet or parquet board. Such a coating is natural, and laying it is quite simple.
7. Ceramic tiles are also good option floor covering.

Walls

Walls, like floors, with the wrong approach, can become a source of electromagnetic waves harmful to health. The reason may be in the wrong location of the power cable and switchboards.

It is better not to make walls with putties, which dry quickly and are elastic. They release phenolic substances. Select paper wallpaper, which are glued to glue made on the basis of starch or casein. It is better to paint the walls with water-soluble paints from trusted manufacturers. Such paints are environmentally friendly and wash well.

The walls are also made with eco-friendly materials.

Ceiling

For finishing ceilings, it is better to use water-based paint. It is not recommended to make stretch ceilings for the house. Such ceilings can emit phenol.

Drywall constructions on ceilings are also undesirable. They actively absorb dust.

Furniture and decor in the interior

Furniture. Furniture made of chipboard, fiberboard and MDF is categorically not suitable for the interior. These materials, which contain substances harmful to humans, are widely used for the production of furniture such as cabinets, tables, kitchens and other cabinet furniture. The presence of such furniture in the nursery is considered especially harmful. To create an interior, furniture made of natural wood is suitable.

Fabrics are very difficult to classify as "rich".

1. Today, for an interior in this style, curtains made of matting and matting can be used, which look very elegant.
2. For curtains and curtains, fabrics such as linen, chintz and wool are suitable.
3. A fabric such as unbleached canvas can be used to upholster furniture.
4. Pay attention to the blinds-mats, which can be used to decorate windows or make dividing screens out of them.

Decor elements such as glass and clay vases, natural flowers, various wicker elements, linen textiles, and straw products fit well into the eco-interior.

In the kitchen, bunches of dry grass and onions will look great. Dishes in this style should be simple and plain, preferably soft shades. Optimal material for dishes - ceramics or glass.

Each element of the interior should bring a sense of closeness with nature, which helps a person to restore strength and spiritual harmony.

Khvorova N.M.

Bachelor of Architecture, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

annotation

The article outlines the basic principles of ecological design in architectural design, which are directly related to the concept of sustainability in the built environment. Some aspects of design that are given great attention in the "green design" are briefly considered. Attention is drawn to some alternative sources energies and their applications in ecological design and "green" design. The most efficient systems that meet the requirements of ecological design.

Keywords: ecological design, green design”, sustainability, efficiency, renewable resources.

Khvorova N.M.

Bachelor of architecture, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF ECOLOGICAL DESIGN IN ARCHITETURAL PLANNING

Abstract

The article deals with fundamental principles of ecological design in architectural planning which are directly related to the concept of sustainability in the built environment. The author briefly touches on the aspects of planning which are paid great attention to in “green design”. The author draws attention to some alternative energy sources and their methods of application in ecological design and green planning. The writer proposes the efficient systems to meet the requirements of ecological design.

keywords: ecological design, “green design”, sustainability, efficiency, renewable resources.

Environmental design is one of the most frequently discussed topics in various areas sciences that are somehow related to the creation of an artificial environment. The importance of "green design" is increasing day by day as the world's population increases and the number natural resources decreases. The paradox of our time is an increase in the standard of living of people with a decrease in the consumption of natural resources.

In the field of architecture and construction, the concept of sustainable design was defined by Scott in 1999 as "the creation and responsible management of a healthy built environment based on the efficient use of resources and on environmental principles" .

The design of "green" buildings is not a specific method, but a combination of many methods, a certain choice of materials and technologies that, if properly integrated into the project, can increase the level of the designed object in terms of its environmental friendliness. This design optimizes energy use, limits water consumption and maximizes the use of recycled materials.

The basic principles that underlie environmental design in the architectural design and construction industry are as follows:

1. saving existing material resources;
2. improving the energy efficiency of buildings;
3. measures to reduce heat losses;
4. the need for more efficient plant and equipment;
5. providing a hierarchy of rooms that require different temperature conditions and orientation relative to the cardinal points corresponding to each room;
6. the need to use renewable energy sources (solar, geothermal energy);
7. ensuring optimization of natural ventilation.

The principles of ecological design can be applied to individual houses, as well as to districts and industrial parks. They can be used to improve existing urban and suburban areas, as well as in the design of new ones. The improvement of already existing areas must begin with consideration of such problems as environmental protection, inefficiency in the use of materials, environmental pollution.

Humans cannot exist without the use of natural resources as sources of food, materials, industrial products and energy. The main goal of ecological design is to maintain environmental sustainability by applying ways to produce goods, construct buildings, design large systems such as business parks and industrial parks, reducing the consumption of natural resources and avoiding environmental damage.

Also in ecological design, special attention is paid to the design of lighting, ventilation, and heating. Thoughtful design and control of lighting management can reduce energy consumption and allow more natural light to be used. It is important to ensure maximum daylight penetration into the building while minimizing heat gain, thus reducing the load on artificial lighting. Efficiency can be increased by using automatic means controls such as timers and motion sensors in infrequently used rooms.

Competent thermal insulation of ceilings and walls would reduce overheating and hypothermia of building structures, as a result of which operating costs would also be reduced.

Solar energy plays an important role in green design. Solar heating systems can be installed in all types of buildings. Significantly reduce heating costs in both residential and commercial buildings allows pre-heating the air with such a system. The use of a solar heating system is especially effective in large buildings such as hospitals, schools, hangars, sports halls, as well as multi-storey buildings. residential buildings. The vast majority of solar heating systems require the installation of so-called solar walls. Such equipment can be installed on both new and existing buildings. Solar walls require minimal maintenance, do not have liquids and removable parts in the design. Besides solar systems can work in cloudy weather and at night, but under these conditions, their effectiveness is significantly reduced.

Green design also makes efficient use of geothermal energy. It is used in air conditioning, heating and systems that convert geothermal energy into electricity. Installing a geothermal system requires a large investment, but allows you to get an inexhaustible source of energy that will provide from 60 to 70% of the energy needed to heat a building. Geothermal energy is continuously supplied from a source that is not affected by atmospheric conditions. The complexity of extracting this energy depends on the structure of geological formations and the composition of rocks.

Concerning building materials and furniture, they can be selected so that they can be made (in terms of energy and material consumption) from renewable resources with long term service and with the possibility of reuse or recycling. It is important that when using this furniture and materials indoors, they do not emit harmful substances. Building materials must provide long-term life cycle buildings, while reducing adverse environmental impacts. The effectiveness of building materials should be evaluated in terms of the energy consumed in the process of their extraction, production and transportation.

The use of plants in ecological design is especially common. There is a universal system for using plants indoors on various surfaces. The system consists of polypropylene waterproof pallets, which can be of any size. This system has a groove and a recess along the entire rear surface. The independent irrigation system is computerized, has remote control and is supplied with standard recirculation tanks. Recirculation tanks are located under the system, or they can be filled either automatically or manually.

As a rule, the use of ecological design principles in the design leads to additional costs. From this point of view, green design inevitably becomes more expensive than less environmentally friendly effective solution because it involves the use of high quality materials and more sophisticated technologies. But in practice, at the initial cost in the future, you can get a significant benefit from the use of techniques developed on the basis of the principles of ecological design in the design.

Ecological design can be defined as any form of design that minimizes damaging environmental impacts by mimicking or integrating with natural ecosystems.

Environmental design is an important concept in a rapidly changing and developing world. In the built environment, created on the basis of the principles of "green design", interior spaces have great importance because these are the main places where people live.

Literature

1. Aktas, G., “Sustainable Approaches in Shopping Center Public Interiors: Lighting and Finishing Materials” 2nd International Conference on Urban Sustainability and Cultural Sustainability, Green Development, Green Structures and Clean Cars, (USCUDAR,11), 2011, pp:1832- 187.
2. Aktas, G, “Social and Cultural Changes that Prepare contemporary Shopping Centers in Turkey” 2nd International Conference on Art and Culture (ICAC’11), 2011, pp 28-32.
3. Scott, F.A. “Ecological Design handbook: Sustainable Strategies for Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Interior Design, and Planning” Donnelley & Sons Co., New York, N.Y., 1999.
4. Fan Shu-Yang, F., Freedman, B. and Cote, R. “Principles and Practice of Ecological Design” Environmental Review, 2004, Vol: 12 p: 97–112.
5. Gissen, David, Big and Green Towards Sustainable Architecture in the 21st Century, Princeton Architectural Press, 2003.
6. Yang F., Freedman B., Cote R., “Principles and Practice of Ecological Design” Environmental Review, 12, 2004, pp: 97–112.
7. Aktas, G, “Ecological and Green Design Significances in Interior Spaces” 7th WSEAS Conference on Energy and Environment (EE’12), 2012. pp. 244-249.
8. Ozkaynak, G., Ust, S. “Sustainable Design Solutions to Humanitarian Crises” International ustainable Building Symposium, 2010, 270-275.
9. Todd, J., Brown, E., and Wells, E. “Ecological design Applied” Ecological Engineering, 2003, Vol:20 p:421-440.
10. Ferreira, A, Mendes, S. “The Relationship Between the Traditional Construction and the Sustainable Development” The 21st Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture. Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 2004, 9–22.

Eco-friendly design - main topic exhibitions, congresses and forums. Greenery is the main trend for architects, designers and decorators. We get acquainted with the main terms of eco-design.

ECO DESIGN

Items made from recycled or natural materials. Solar powered gadgets. Anything that can be easily turned into new items or recycled later.

1. Australian designer Brodie Neill invented Gyro table from ocean debris that is thrown onto the beaches of Cornwall, Hawaii and Tasmania, for London Design Biennale 2016. So that visitors to the exhibition can be convinced that garbage can be beautifully reused.
2. Swedish company Traullit came up with sound-absorbing wall panels in the form of honeycombs made from recycled wood.

In the lane from English. "recycling".

Designers are seriously working on collections of furniture, accessories, clothes and shoes made from recycled plastic. Even companies of the level Adidas They produce sneakers from the garbage that washed up on the shores of the Maldives. Other responsible manufacturers are thinking about how to dispose of surpluses of their own goods: giant H&M, for example, constantly collects old clothes for recycling.

1. swedish studio From Us With Love created for Ikea recycled plastic kitchen The filling of the facades is recycled wood, the top coating is plastic. One piece equals 25 bottles. The service life of the kitchen is 25 years.
2. cosmetic brand store Aesop in downtown Los Angeles is completely lined with cardboard sleeves from a textile factory. Usually rolls of fabric are wound around them and thrown away as unnecessary, and the California bureau Brooks + Scarpa used them as wall panels.

- translated from English. "sustainability".

"Sustainable Project" means that the object causes a minimum of harm to the environment. A building to which dirty water is recycled and used to irrigate lawns around, a solar-powered house, waste sorting in production, reuse of office paper, savings are all examples of sustainability. Ideally, the object should compensate nature for everything that it took - water, energy, useful material or minimize your presence. Fully autonomous houses were invented in the 1970s by the Swedish architect Bengt Warne. His idea to cover ordinary house greenhouse-dome was picked up and developed by a young studio tailor made. Such a house does not require a connection to the sewer and reuses water from the bathroom and kitchen to water the plants.

The production of eco-friendly paints, fabrics and wallpapers consumes less water and energy, do not use chemical substances. When used, they do not emit harmful fumes, they can be recycled or disposed of without harm - i.e. they are environmentally friendly. Such eco-friendly paints are in the collections Farrow & Ball, Benjamin Moore and other companies.

Large furniture firms, for example, make sure that the wood that goes into the production of sofas and tables is renewable. A good tone for any brand is to know: how much the supplier cut down, so much he planted. In addition, Visionnaire uses vegetable fillers instead of feathers and down: hemp, cotton, cottonseed fiber, millet and flax-seed. And instead of chrome-tanned leather, she introduced natural dyes. In general, he tries not to harm the environment and people who will use brand items every day.

Text: Ekaterina Polyakova

The "ecological" design style was created by mixing shapes different styles. This is a natural beginning, the use of natural materials, correct forms. A person in the modern technogenic world seeks to preserve nature in his own home.

Eco style in interior design gives a feeling of unity with the living force of nature. Among modern eco styles, this style is one of the most popular. It uses natural fabrics and glass, clay and wood, and, of course, stone.

Eco-design in any interior prefers natural colors. These are the colors of grass and soil, stone and wood. Mandatory element This style is a variety of colors. You can create a winter garden or decorate a separate area with flowers. You can also put an aquarium here or place birds.

Wall decoration in eco style

Eco interior design is a new trend in the design of decor, which appeared during the period of intensive development of technology. Individuals who feel responsible for nature and prefer to decorate the interior of the house in this style. It is characterized by the use of natural materials.

Wall decoration in eco style includes the use of:

• clay;
• an array of aged or waxed wood;
• bamboo stalks;
• ceramic tiles;
• paper wallpaper;
• stone slabs.

Ceiling in eco style

Eco design in the interior creates the most comfortable environment in the house, which has relaxation properties and distracts from the bustle of the city. When decorating the interior, it is very important to focus on the ceiling - it must fully comply with the style.

Eco-style ceiling can be decorated wood paneling or presented as a whitewashed ceiling with wooden beams. Many designers prefer the usual matte painting of pastel colors.

Eco style floor

The composition of the interior should be complemented by an eco-style floor. The main materials are wood and parquet boards, stone and ceramic slabs and cork panels.

Additional decoration should not be ignored - in eco interior design it is decorated with carpets with lush pile (bedroom, living room), and mats and mats are used for bathrooms.

The choice of furniture for an apartment in eco style

Eco interior design requires a special approach to the choice of furniture.

The main criteria that designers are guided by are:

• natural composition of materials;
• conciseness;
• correct geometric shapes and smoothed corners;
• massiveness;
• the presence of patina, scuffs and scratches.

Very often, eco-style furniture is recycled, restored furniture that blends perfectly with the overall interior style.

Eco style lighting

Eco interior design is characterized by concise, slightly noticeable lighting: spot lighting, hidden halogen, ceiling lamps cylindrical shape, as well as the use of additional light sources.

Lighting for eco style is original lamps that are made from natural materials: wood, textiles, stones and crystals. They complement the overall theme of the interior, and also go well with other styles.