Do-it-yourself ejector pump for the station. Domestic water pump

The pump, supplemented by an ejector, - perfect solution for lifting water from depths of 8 m. The work of a useful engineering solution is based on the principle of rarefaction of the water flow and has a number of advantages compared to conventional devices.

The principle of operation of the ejector

Lifting water from a great depth is the main advantage of ejector pumps. Only the supply pipe is lowered into the well. The pump stays on the surface, lasts longer and is easy to control and maintain. The design of the ejector is simple. Its functioning is due to the following elements:

• nozzle;
• mixer;
• suction chamber;
• diffuser.

The device and principle of operation of the internal ejector

In the system, the ejector is included in a part of the pipeline. The device works based on Bernoulli's law, which is a derivative of the law of conservation of energy. It says that the narrowing of the fluid flow and the increase in its speed (dynamic pressure) reduces the static pressure of this fluid on the environment. Therefore, the ejector nozzle is a branch pipe narrowed at the end. Reducing the cross section provokes acceleration, the fluid flow from the nozzle is sent to the mixer. A pressure difference is created there, which draws water from the suction chamber and raises the combined flow upward through the diffuser.

Pros and cons of pumps with an ejector

The ejector is economical and can work effectively with a relatively small engine. This is a mechanism that allows you to transfer kinetic energy from a fast medium to a slow one. In the most popular type of such pumps - with an external ejector - part of the power is spent on water recirculation. At the outlet in the tap, the pressure is somewhat less compared to what other types of pumps create.

Attention! A small amount of water is needed to start the ejector. It forms a sufficient vacuum in the pipe and "leads" the main flow upwards. The device should not have a “dry” run: this will lead to a breakdown.

Cons of the device:

1. The width of the remote ejector is about 100 mm. Save on the diameter of the well will not work.
2. The performance of pumps with an ejector is lower than that of others.
3. The cost is higher than classic devices for lifting water from a depth.

Device and types of pumps with ejectors

There are two options for including an ejector in the pump circuit:

• built-in;
• external node.

Remote ejector pumps

Functionally, these methods are different. The choice depends on the tasks that will be assigned to the pump. The built-in ejector is located in the pump design, so the suction of the liquid and the creation of pressure occur inside the device. In this case, the pump, of course, also plunges into the well.

On the one hand, this reduces the overall dimensions of the installation. Such a pumping station is able to work with a liquid containing sand, silt. However, the device itself is quite noisy, so it is not mounted near a residential building. The maximum water intake depth of such a pump is only about 8 m.

Remote ejector involves ground equipment pumping station. The node itself is placed in the pipeline at a depth. A tank is placed on the surface, which facilitates the operation of the pump: it creates pressure and additional vacuum. Among the disadvantages of such a device is the need to lower the second pipe, which can be inconvenient with a limited well diameter.

The efficiency of a pump with an external ejector is 30-35% lower than that of a “colleague” with a built-in one. But you can get water from a depth of up to 50 m. Yes, and it works much quieter. It is even placed in houses, though not in living rooms.

Attention! The remote ejector, pump and related equipment work effectively even at a distance of 20-40 m from the well.

Features of connecting the ejector pump

Installing a system with a built-in ejector differs little from installing a conventional pump. Your tasks:

1. Join downhole pipe to the suction port.
2. Equip a pressure line with a hydraulic accumulator and automatic control.

If the ejector is external, then the following steps should be added:

1. Laying another pipeline to ensure recirculation.
2. Connection to the suction hole of the ejector of the branch pipe, in which are mounted check valve and coarse fiber.

Surface pump with built-in ejector

A valve on the recirculation line that regulates the return flow will be useful in case of an increased water level in the source. By twisting it, you can reduce the water pressure on the way to the ejector and increase it in the faucet at home. The mechanism is built into some models. In this case, the principle of its operation will be described in detail in the instructions.

If desired, you can assemble the ejector yourself. You will need a fitting, a tee and an adapter with corners:

The ejector pump remains a great alternative submersible devices in lifting water from great depths. At the same time, it has many advantages that make it popular for domestic use.

Pumping station: video

Deep aquifer is a common problem that many owners are familiar with. land plots. Conventional surface pumping equipment either cannot provide the house with water at all, or delivers it to the system too slowly and with low pressure.

This issue needs to be resolved as soon as possible. Agree, buying a new pump is a costly and not always financially justified undertaking. The solution to this situation can be an ejector for a water supply pumping station.

We will show you how to choose the right unit and install it without the help of specialists. And also we will give a step-by-step instruction on the manufacture and connection of a home-made ejector. All stages of work are accompanied by visual photographs.

The deeper the water is, the more difficult it is to raise it to the surface. In practice, if the depth of the well is more than seven meters, it is difficult to cope with its tasks.

Of course, for very deep wells, it is more appropriate to purchase a high-performance submersible pump. But with the help of an ejector, it is possible to improve the characteristics of a surface pump to an acceptable level and at a much lower cost.

The ejector is a small device, but very effective. This node has relatively simple design, it can even be made independently from improvised materials. The principle of operation is based on giving the water flow an additional acceleration, which will increase the amount of water coming from the source per unit of time.

Image Gallery

This solution is especially convenient for those who are going to install or have already installed with a surface pump. The ejector will increase the depth of water intake up to 20-40 meters.

It should also be noted that the purchase of more powerful pumping equipment will lead to a noticeable increase in electricity consumption. In this sense, the ejector will bring noticeable benefits.

The ejector for a surface pump consists of the following elements:

• suction chamber;
• mixing unit;
• diffuser;
• narrowed nozzle.

The operation of the device is based on the Bernoulli principle. It says that if the speed of the flow increases, an area with low pressure is created around it. In this way, a dilution effect is achieved. Water enters through a nozzle, the diameter of which is smaller than the dimensions of the rest of the structure.

This diagram allows you to get an idea of ​​​​the device and the principle of operation of the ejector for a pumping station. Accelerated reverse flow creates an area low pressure and transfers kinetic energy to the main flow of water

A slight constriction gives a noticeable acceleration to the flow of water. Water enters the mixer chamber, creating an area with reduced pressure inside it. Under the influence of this process, a stream of water at a higher pressure enters the mixer through the suction chamber.

Water enters the ejector not from, but from the pump. Those. the ejector must be installed in such a way that part of the water raised by the pump returns to the ejector through the nozzle. The kinetic energy of this accelerated flow will be constantly transferred to the mass of water that is sucked from the source.

To create a rarefied pressure area inside the ejector, a special fitting is used, the diameter of which is smaller than the parameters of the suction pipe.

Thus, a constant acceleration of the flow will be ensured. Pumping equipment will need less energy to transport water to the surface. As a result, its efficiency will increase, as will the depth from which water can be taken.

Part of the water extracted in this way is sent back to the ejector through the recirculation pipe, and the rest enters the house's plumbing system. The presence of an ejector has another "plus". It sucks in water on its own, which additionally insures the pump against idling, i.e. from the “dry running” situation, which is dangerous for all surface pumps.

To regulate the operation of the ejector, use a conventional valve. It is installed on the recirculation pipe, through which water from the pump is directed to the ejector nozzle. Using a tap, the amount of water entering the ejector can be reduced or increased, thereby reducing or increasing the reverse flow rate.

Choice: built-in or external?

Depending on the installation location, remote and built-in ejectors are distinguished. big difference in design features there are no such devices, but the location of the ejector still affects in some way both the installation of the pumping station and its operation.

So, built-in ejectors are usually placed inside the pump housing or in close proximity to it. As a result, the ejector takes up a minimum of space, and it does not have to be installed separately, it is enough to perform the usual installation of a pumping station or the pump itself.

In addition, the ejector located in the housing is reliably protected from contamination. Vacuum and reverse water intake is carried out directly in the pump housing. There is no need to install additional filters to protect the ejector from clogging with silt particles or sand.

However, it should be remembered that maximum efficiency such a model demonstrates at shallow depths, up to 10 meters. Pumps with built-in ejector are designed for such relatively shallow sources, their advantage is that they provide an excellent head of incoming water.

As a result, these characteristics are enough to use water not only for domestic needs, but also for irrigation or other business operations. Another problem is the increased noise level, since the sound effect from the water passing through the ejector is added to the vibration of the running pump.

If a decision is made to install a pump with a built-in ejector, then you will have to take care of sound insulation especially carefully. Pumps or pumping stations with a built-in ejector are recommended to be installed outside the house, for example, in a separate building or in a well caisson.

The electric motor for a pump with an ejector must be more powerful than for a similar non-ejector model.

A remote or external ejector is installed at some distance from the pump, and this distance can be quite significant: 20-40 meters, some experts even consider acceptable indicator at 50 meters. Thus, a remote ejector can be placed directly in a water source, for example, in a well.

The external ejector not only increases the performance of the pump, but is designed to increase the depth of water intake from the source, which can reach 20-45 m

Of course, the noise from the operation of an ejector installed deep underground will no longer disturb the residents of the house. However, this type of device should be connected to the system using a recirculation pipe, through which water will return to the ejector.

The greater the installation depth of the device, the longer the pipe will have to be lowered into the well or well.

It is better to provide for the presence of another pipe in the well at the design stage of the device. Connecting a remote ejector also provides for the installation of a separate storage tank from which water will be drawn for recycling.

This tank allows you to reduce the load on surface pump saving some energy. It is worth noting that the efficiency of the external ejector is somewhat lower than that of the models built into the pump, however, the ability to significantly increase the depth of the intake forces one to come to terms with this drawback.

When using an external ejector, there is no need to place it directly next to a water source. It is quite possible to install it in the basement of a residential building. The distance to the source can vary within 20-40 meters, this will not affect the performance of pumping equipment.

Features of mounting the device

As already mentioned, installing an ejector built into the pump does not cause any particular problems, since the device is already in the device case. The surface pump is simply connected to the water supply hose on one side, and to the plumbing system on the other side.

If it is used as part of a pumping station, then the pump is connected to a special fitting with five outlets. In addition, the pump will need to be connected to the contacts of the pressure switch to ensure it automatic switch on and shutdown.

Before turning on the surface pump, it must be filled with water through the filling hole provided for this. Do not turn on such equipment without water, it can burn out. If the pump is installed correctly, the ejector will work without interruption.

But the installation of a remote ejector is carried out according to a more complex scheme. First you will need to install a pipe that will provide a return flow of water from the drive to the ejector. Installed on the suction section of the ejector. Behind it should be a mesh filter that will protect the device from clogging.

A control valve must be installed on top of the recirculation pipe to regulate the amount of water that is sent to the ejector. This node is not mandatory, but can significantly improve the situation with the water pressure in the house.

How less water will return to the ejector, the more it will remain for the plumbing system of the house.

The assembly of the ejector before operation is carried out according to the standard scheme. From below, a mesh filter is connected to the ejector body, from above - through a nozzle, a Venturi tube made in the form of a plastic bell (+)

In this way it is possible to influence in the plumbing. If it is insufficient, slightly tighten the adjusting valve on the return line.

If the pressure is too high and creates an unnecessary load on the plumbing system, it makes sense to send to the ejector large quantity water to improve the efficiency of pumping equipment.

Some industrial models of ejectors are already equipped with such an adjustment system. The instructions that come with the device usually describe in detail the procedure for setting up the operation of the ejector.

Using a homemade external option

The built-in ejector is usually purchased at the same time as the pump, but the external model is very often made by hand.

It will be useful to consider the process of creating and connecting such a device. In order to make an ejector, you will need parts such as a tee with internal threaded connections, a fitting, fittings, bends, couplings, etc.

Self-assembly of the ejector

Assemble the device as follows:

1. Connect the lower part of the tee to the fitting so that the outlet pipe is at the top, and the fitting with a smaller diameter is inside the ejector.
2. Then you need to refine the design by sawing off the narrow part of the fitting if it protrudes from the tee.
3. If the fitting turned out to be too short, it is increased using a polymer tube.
4. An adapter with an external thread is screwed onto the upper side of the tee.
5. Attach to the other end of the adapter with a fitting water pipe PVC.
6. Now, to the bottom side of the tee, into which a narrow fitting is already inserted, a bend in the form of a corner should be attached.
7. A pipe is connected to this outlet, through which the return flow of water to the ejector will flow.
8. Another corner is attached to the side branch pipe of the tee.
9. A pipe is attached to this corner using a collet clamp, water from a well, well, etc. will be sucked through it.

The distance between the edge of the tee and the fitting should be approximately 2-3 mm. This will ensure the creation of a rarefaction region with the required characteristics. A compression nut is used to secure the recirculation pipe.

It turns out that to internal thread the lower branch pipe of the tee is connected simultaneously by two elements. One of them (fitting) is inside the tee, and the second (corner) is outside. In order for both of them to fit on the same threaded connection, cut off part of the thread of the fitting.

Of course, all threaded connections must be sealed and sealed. Most often, FUM tape is used for this. Sometimes, to connect the ejector to, not metal-plastic pipes are used, but polyethylene structures.

For their installation, special crimp elements should be used, and collet clamps, which are good for metal-plastic, will not work in this situation.

All threaded connections of the ejector should be carefully sealed and sealed, for example, using FUM tape or other suitable material.

Pipe connection procedure

You should think about in advance which pipes will be used to connect the remote ejector. Polyethylene structures bend well when heated, which makes it possible to do without corners when connecting an ejector. The pipe is simply bent in the right place and at the right angle, and then attached to the ejector.

To connect the ejector, you can use pipes made of polyethylene, which are easier to install than similar structures made of metal-plastic

So, the device has three outlets, to each of which a corresponding pipe should be connected. First, a pipe is usually installed through which water will be drawn from the source. She joins the side exit from the ejector.

At the end of this pipe without fail a check valve is installed, as well as a strainer. This pipe must be long enough to go deep underwater. But you should not take water from the very bottom of the source, as this can lead to clogging of the ejector, even despite the presence of a filter.

You can then connect the pipe to the lower end of the ejector, which has a narrowed fitting. This is a pipeline through which water is recirculated. The second end of this pipe should be connected to a container from which water will be taken to create a reverse flow.

The third pipe is an ordinary water main. At one end it is mounted on the upper branch pipe of the ejector, and the other end is attached to the surface pump. It should be remembered that the diameter of the pipe through which water is taken from the source must exceed the dimensions of the pipe through which water is supplied to the ejector.

Three pipes are connected to the remote ejector: a pipe for suction of water from the source, a pipe connecting the device to the pump and a line for water recirculation

If an inch pipe is used for the supply, then it is recommended to take a pipe a quarter inch larger for suction. After all connections are made, the ejector is lowered into the water.

Before starting the system for the first time, it must be filled with water. The pump is poured through a special hole. The pipes leading to the ejector must also be filled with water.

Before starting the pumping station with an ejector, it is necessary to fill the surface pump with water, as well as all pipes connected to the ejector

Initial launch and further operation

1. Pour water into the pump through a special hole.
2. Turn off the tap through which water flows from the pumping station to the water supply system.
3. Turn on the pump for about 10-20 seconds and turn it off immediately.
4. Open the valve and bleed some of the air from the system.
5. Repeat the pump on/off cycle in combination with air bleeding until the pipes are filled with water.
6. Switch on the pump again.
7. Wait until the accumulator is full and automatic shutdown pump.
8. Open any faucet.
9. Wait until the water flows out of the accumulator and the pump turns on automatically.

If no water came out when starting the system with an ejector, it is possible that air is somehow leaking into the pipes, or the initial filling with water was not performed correctly. It makes sense to check the presence and condition of the check valve. If it is not there, the water will simply pour into the well, and the pipes will remain empty.

These points should also be taken into account when using a pumping station with an ejector, which is started up after a long period of storage. The check valve, the integrity of the pipes and the tightness of the connections are best checked immediately.

If everything is in order, and water does not flow, you need to check the voltage supplied to the pumping station. If it is too low, the pump simply cannot work at full capacity. You should establish a normal power supply to the equipment, and the problem will disappear.

If an ejector is needed to improve the water pressure in the system, and not to increase the depth of water intake, you can use the homemade ejector model described above.

But it does not need to be immersed in water, it can be placed in a convenient place near the surface pump. In this case, the ejector will work in much the same way as the built-in industrial production model.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

This video discusses in detail the issue of suction depth of a surface pump and options for solving the problem using an ejector:

The principle of operation of the ejector is clearly demonstrated here:

The ejector is a simple but very useful device. This is a convenient and practical way to improve the performance of pumping equipment in a private home. But the installation of the ejector, especially the remote model, must be done correctly, this is the only way to ensure a noticeable increase in water pressure.

We invite everyone interested in the issue of choosing and connecting an ejector to join the discussions and leave comments on the article. The comment form is below.

Remote ejector pumps

In the section "Pumps" we will consider another type of pumps - this centrifugal pumps with remote ejector. Applies centrifugal pumps with remote ejector, for lifting water from a depth of up to 45 meters from wells or deep wells. They are used to create pressure in small water supply systems, as well as to fill containers and reservoirs. The effect of raising water from such a depth is achieved through the use of an external ejector. The ejector is lowered into a well or well and connected to the pump inlet pipes using two pipes.

Remote ejector pumps are used for pumping clean water. Abrasive or any other aggressive liquids can damage the pump. It is also forbidden to use the pump for pumping flammable, combustible and explosive liquids.

Specifications and materials of pumps

Working characteristics:

The temperature of the pumped liquid is not more than 35 ° С

Temperature environment no more than 40 ° C

Maximum suction depth 45 m.

Noise level in continuous operation mode no more than 70 dBA

The pump is designed for continuous operation

Engine:

2-pole asynchronous electric motor, number of revolutions 2850 min -1

Insulation class F

Protection class IP 44

Materials:

Pump body made of cast iron

The impeller is made of plastic (noryl)

The diffuser is made of plastic (noryl)

The body of the remote ejector is made of cast iron

Venturi tube and external ejector nozzle are made of plastic (noryl)

Pump shaft made of stainless steel

Mechanical seal - graphite/ceramic

The principle of operation, installation and connection of centrifugal pumps with an external ejector

The main difference between pumps with an external ejector and self-priming and normally self-priming centrifugal pumps is that on the suction side of the pump there are two nozzles for connecting two pipelines - supply and return. The 1 1/4″ supply pipeline supplies water to the pump. The return pipeline recirculates water from the pump to the remote ejector, its diameter is one standard size smaller than the supply pipeline and is 1″.

Remote ejectors are manufactured in two standard sizes for four and two inch wells (Fig. 1).

Remote ejector 4″ and 2″

The remote 4″ ejector consists of three parts: body (pos. 1), nozzle (pos. 2) and Venturi tube (pos. 3). A remote 2″ ejector consists of the same main parts, sometimes a four inch one, plus a special adapter (pos. 5) for mounting on a well is supplied with it. When installing a remote ejector in a well, it is necessary to install a check valve with a mesh (item 4).

Figure 2 shows installation diagrams for centrifugal pumps with an external ejector for 4″ and 2″ wells.

Four inch wells use a two-pipe setup. For two inch wells, a slightly different installation scheme is used. The ejector is mounted on the supply pipeline, and is used as a return pipeline. casing. A non-return valve with a mesh (pos. 1) must always be mounted on the suction port of the remote ejector.

The principle of operation of pumps with a remote ejector is as follows. Part of the water supplied by the impeller to the pump is sent to the pressure pipeline (pos. 6), and the rest of the water returns to the ejector (pos. 2) through the return pipeline (pos. 4). Due to the recirculation of water and the presence of a Venturi tube in the suction chamber of the ejector, a vacuum is created that is necessary to suck water from the well. The amount of water entering the ejector is determined by the diameter of the nozzle. The incoming water is mixed with the recirculating water and the volume of water in the supply pipe (item 3) is increased. Then the process is repeated.

When installing pumps, the following requirements must be observed:

• The pump must be mounted in a place that is easily accessible, dry, protected from moisture and frost, with the possibility of its inspection, maintenance, repair and replacement.
• The pump is mounted on a flat, horizontal surface that exceeds its dimensions.
• All pipelines supplied to the pumping equipment are mounted without voltage.
• The supply and return pipelines are recommended to be installed with internal diameters corresponding to the suction nozzles of the pump. Suction pipes are mounted without unnecessary bends, turns and as short as possible.
• Connect the supply line so that it rises towards the pump to avoid air pockets. The inclination angle of the supply line must be 1-2° below the level of the pump.
• Ensure absolute tightness of the supply and return pipelines from the pump to the remote ejector to prevent air leakage and airing of the pump.
• On the suction pipe of the ejector, it must be installed with a mesh. The suction valve must be lowered into the liquid by at least 30 cm to prevent the formation of a funnel during pump operation.
• It is necessary to mount a detachable connection on the pump discharge pipe as close as possible to the pump, for the convenience of filling the equipment with water at the first start-up. Also provide shut-off valves on the pressure pipe for the convenience of dismantling the equipment.

For normal operation of a pump with an external ejector, it is necessary that the pump itself, the supply and return pipelines, be constantly filled with the pumped liquid. It is forbidden to put the equipment into operation without filling it with liquid. It is necessary to carefully check the pump itself and pipelines for leaks, leaks in the connections lead to air entering the system, and as a result, to equipment failure.

For more efficient use of such a scheme of operation of the water supply system, it is necessary to constantly, overpressure to create fluid recirculation, therefore it is recommended to additionally mount and in such systems.

Electrical connection of pumps with remote ejector

The electrical connection must be made by a qualified electrician and in accordance with the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE). Pay attention to the following when making electrical connections:

• The mains voltage must correspond to the operating voltage of the pump indicated on the rating plate.
• The pump must be connected to the mains supply using a socket with a grounding wire supplied through an (RCD) equipment protection device with a rated leakage current of 30 mA.
• In pumps with a single-phase motor, a built-in thermal protection, disconnecting the pump from the power supply when the engine overheats.
• For pumps with three-phase motors, it must be additionally mounted with a protection current equal to the rated current of the motor.

Scheme electrical connection shown in (Fig. 3)

Electrical connection of pumps with remote ejector

Operation, maintenance and repair of pumps with a remote ejector

During operation centrifugal pumps with remote ejector do not require special Maintenance. During operation, it must be ensured that the pump does not work without water flow "dry running". In case of lack of water, it is necessary to immediately disconnect the equipment from the power supply or install protection against "dry running" in order to avoid its failure. Find out the reason why the pump is not working and eliminate it.

In conditions where the equipment can be thawed, it must be dismantled, drained of all liquid, rinsed with clean water and placed in a dry place. Front re-enabling pump, it is necessary to check its performance, for this, on a short time 1-2 seconds you need to turn the pump on and off. After installation, fill it with liquid and check the tightness.

In the event of equipment failure, repair the pump only in specialized service centers. When repairing the equipment, use only original spare parts.

Summing up, we can say that with proper operation, pumps with a remote ejector will last a long time and reliably throughout the entire period of use.

Thank you for your attention.

Many owners of private houses or garden plots often think about the arrangement of the system autonomous water supply. However, not everyone knows how best to do this.

1 How to choose the type of pump?

An autonomous water supply system can be installed in almost any private house and on any garden plot. The only problem in this case will be the depth at which the waters lie. If the water in a pre-prepared well is at a depth of seven meters, then there should not be any difficulties with its extraction. In this case, a pumping unit of absolutely any model is suitable.

The situation is quite different with those wells where the water is at a deeper level. In this case, only a pump with an external ejector can be used. An obstacle to the operation of an ejector water pump will be atmospheric pressure, the level of strength of the individual elements of the water pump itself with an ejector.

To carry out the process of raising water from a great depth, the so-called steam jet vacuum pump should be used, or the size or mass of a surface water pump with an external ejector should be increased several times. However, this can lead to the failure of the steam jet water pump.

2 The principle of operation of the ejector for the water pump

Ejector pumps have an extremely simple design. They consist of the following elements:

1. Nozzle.
2. Diffuser.
3. Mixer.
4. suction chamber.

The nozzle of the ejector pumping device is a branch pipe having a narrow end. The principle of operation of the ejector for a water pump is to instantly accelerate the water flow flowing from the nozzle. In accordance with the laws of physics, a water flow that has a high speed has the least impact on the atmosphere. Water from the nozzle enters the internal mixer, where it is separated along the boundaries. As a result of this separation, water from the chamber begins to flow into the mixer.

After that, the centrifugal flow of water is fed through the diffuser further through the pipes. That is, in the ejector of the water intake installation, the process of transferring energy from the medium with the highest speed to the medium with the lowest speed is carried out.

The ejector is part of the pipeline that runs from the well to the pump. That part of the water that was raised to the surface of the well, through certain time begins to flow back into the well, namely to the ejector, resulting in the formation of a circulation line.

Escaping from the nozzle high speed, water takes with it part of the water from the well, thus, additional discharge is provided in the plumbing system. As a result, pumps use much less energy to lift water from depth.

Thanks to a special valve installed on the so-called circulation line, the process of adjusting the volume of water that is fed back to the intake system can be carried out, and thereby gives additional efficiency to the intake system.

Excess water that did not take part in the circulation process is transferred by ejector pumps to consumers, thus setting the productivity level of the entire ejector pumping station. This helps to get by with engines with the lowest power level, as well as a less massive water intake.

In addition, ejectors help to greatly facilitate the starting process. pumping system, thanks to them, even a small volume of water can create a sufficient vacuum in the plumbing system, thereby initiating the process of initial water intake so that the system does not work, as they say, idle.

2.1 The principle of operation of the ejector (video)

3 Device and types of ejector pumping stations

Ejectors on the water intake unit can be installed in 2 ways. The first implies that the ejector is one of the constituent elements of the design of the pumping station. In the second case, the ejector is an external node. The choice of a particular option will depend, first of all, on the requirements that apply to the water intake installation.

3.1 Integrated ejectors

This option implies that the creation of pressure for the ejector is carried out in the installation itself. Due to this, the dimensions of the pumping unit can be significantly reduced. Pumping stations with a built-in ejector are almost immune to the presence of various kinds of small particles in the water.

That is, there is no need to filter the water. This type of water intake installations is mainly used for taking water from a depth of more than eight and a half meters. Allows you to create a pressure of the necessary power to provide a garden plot large sizes where water is used primarily for irrigation.

However, pumping stations with built-in ejectors have such a disadvantage as an increased noise level during operation. For this reason, it is not recommended to install this type of water intake in the immediate vicinity of a residential building.

It is best if such an installation is mounted in a separate utility room. The electric motor for this type of pumping installation should be selected in such a way that it can provide the necessary water circulation system.

3.2 External ejectors

When using an external ejector, an additional water collection tank must be installed separately from the water intake unit. In such a tank, the pressure necessary for the operation of the system and additional discharge will be created, which, in turn, will significantly reduce the degree of pressure exerted on pumping unit loads. The external ejector itself should be connected to the immersed part of the plumbing system.

To ensure the normal functioning of the external ejector in the well, it will be necessary to lay two pipes, however, this may impose certain restrictions on the allowable diameter. This constructive solution, despite the fact that it reduces the efficiency of the water supply system by about thirty-five percent, allows pumping water from a depth of up to fifty meters and significantly reduces the noise level during the operation of the pumping unit.

A water intake station with an external ejector can be located directly inside a private house. For example, in various kinds of basement-type rooms. In this case, the distance from the well can be from twenty to forty meters.

It has absolutely no effect on the degree of efficiency. This is what explains such a wide popularity of this type of water intake stations among the population. All equipment is located in one place, which significantly increases operational period, the process of carrying out various kinds of preventive maintenance and setting up the plumbing system is greatly simplified.

4 Connecting ejectors

If you use an internal ejector, that is, it is one of the constituent elements of the design of the water intake station, then the installation process of the system will practically not differ from the installation of a water intake unit without an ejector.

In this case, it will be enough for you to just connect the water supply from the well to the suction hole, and then complete the process of arranging the pressure line with the appropriate equipment in the form of batteries, as well as other automatic devices necessary to ensure the functioning of the system.

If you are using an intake unit with an external ejector, or an intake unit in which the internal ejector must be fixed separately, then two more steps will be added to the connection procedure described above:

1. The first stage involves laying additional pipe, which is necessary for the circulation of water from the pressure line of the water intake to the inlet of the ejector.
2. At the second stage, the process of connecting a special pipe with a coarse filter and a return pipe to the suction hole of the water intake station is carried out.

If necessary, a special valve can be built into the water circulation line, which is intended to adjust the system. This will be beneficial if the water level in the well exceeds that for which the intake unit is designed. It is possible to reduce the power of pressure supplied to the ejector, thus increasing the power of pressure in the plumbing system.

Some water intake station devices have a pre-built valve to make this adjustment.

Water supply option Vacation home is the arrangement autonomous system water supply. To do this, a well or well equipped with a pumping station is required on the site. However, it often happens that the aquifer lies deep enough. In such cases, instead of conventional equipment, an ejection pump is used that can provide sufficient pressure in the system.

Why do you need an ejector

If the water is deep, it is quite difficult to raise it to the surface. As experience shows, it is practically impossible to service wells with a depth of 7 m or more with a standard surface pump. Only powerful submersibles, which are expensive and consume much more electricity, can effectively handle lifting liquid to such a height. Thanks to such a device as an ejector, it is possible to modernize a surface pump, which is many times cheaper.

How the device is arranged and how it works

The device uses the Bernoulli principle, from which it follows that an increase in the fluid velocity provokes the formation of a low pressure area in the immediate vicinity of the flow (in other words, a rarefaction effect occurs). The design of the ejector includes:

• suction chamber;
• mixing unit;
• diffuser;
• special nozzle (gradually tapering nozzle).

The liquid medium, moving through the nozzle, picks up a very high speed at the exit from it. The resulting vacuum provokes the flow of water from the suction chamber. The pressure of this portion of the liquid is much greater. Having mixed inside the diffuser, the water begins to move along the pipeline in a general flow. Strictly speaking, the principle of operation of an ejector pump is the exchange of kinetic energy between flows having different speed movement (not to be confused with the injector, which acts exactly the opposite).

There are steam and steam jet ejection pumps. Vacuum-type steam apparatus maintains a vacuum by pumping gas out of an enclosed space. Most often, such devices are used to supply water.

Steam jet pumps work by air ejection. Here, the energy of the jet is used, which occurs in the process of pumping out water, vapor or gas environment. Most often, steam jet pumps are equipped with river and sea vessels.

Where to install

The optimal location for the ejector is the pipe gap from the well to the pump. In the process of rising to the surface, a certain volume of water flows back towards the well. Once inside the ejector, it contributes to the appearance of a recirculation line. Developing a significant acceleration at the exit from the nozzle, the flow carries along a certain amount of fluid from the well, creating an additional vacuum inside the pipe. This allows the pump to save energy on lifting water from a considerable depth.

A valve in the recirculation line is used to regulate the efficiency of the system. With it, you can change the amount of water that flows back into the well. That part of the liquid that is not used for recycling enters through pipes into the dwelling. Another advantage of using an ejector is that the water is self-absorbing. This allows you to additionally protect the equipment from idling, since surface-type pumps very often suffer from idling.

Varieties of ejectors

Having decided on what an ejector is, it is necessary to understand its varieties. Two types of devices are commonly used to equip pumping stations. The first option provides for the inclusion of the device in the design of the pumping device. In the second case, we are talking about a separate placement. Each of these solutions has its advantages and disadvantages, which must be taken into account when organizing the system.

Embedded Models

In this version, the ejector is installed under the pump housing or next to it. This allows you not to look for an additional place for it. All that is required is to implement the usual procedure for installing a pumping station. The closed housing provides the ejector with reliable protection against dirt and dust.

Note! The process of creating a rarefied atmosphere and reverse fluid intake is carried out in the pump itself. This eliminates the need for additional filters. This approach makes the equipment very compact.

Such a pumping station with an ejector can take water from a depth of up to 8 meters. It is able to serve the territory of summer cottages, where the need for irrigation is felt especially acutely. TO weaknesses ejectors of indoor installation usually refer to the presence of noise in operation. For this reason, they are trying to mount them away from residential premises (most often they allocate for this private room). The electric motor of the station must have sufficient power to create recirculation.

Remote models

External installation of the ejector provides for the use of an additional tank for pumping water. It creates the necessary working head and additional pressure difference, which reduces the load on the equipment. Switching of the ejector in such a scheme is carried out to the submerged section of the pipeline. This will require the laying of an additional pipe, because of which the well has to be made wider. As a result of such constructive solution The efficiency of the system is reduced by almost 35%.

On the other hand, this makes it possible to service wells up to 50 meters deep, significantly reducing the noise level during the operation of the station. The place of its placement is often the house itself (its basement). The distance to the place of water intake can be up to 40 meters, this does not affect the efficiency of the equipment. Such advantages make the ejection pump external type especially popular. All equipment is located in one prepared place, which allows you to increase the duration of its service life and ensure ease of maintenance and system setup.

Self-manufacturing

The design of the remote ejector is quite simple, which implies the possibility of self-production.

Do-it-yourself assembly order:

1. take a tee for a threaded internal connection. An outlet pipe with an upper fitting is screwed into its lower part so that the pipe does not peek out from the back side (it is recommended to grind off the excess length, and increase the missing length with a polymer tube). The optimal distance between the edges of the tee and fitting is 2-3 mm;
2. the upper section of the tee above the fitting is equipped with an adapter. The male end is designed to be connected to the ejector base. The second end plays the role of a compression fitting for a metal-plastic tube designed to supply water from a well to the system;
3. the lower part of the tee with a fitting is completed with another fitting that acts as a branch for the recirculation pipe. This involves turning the bottom of the thread up to 3-4 threads;
4. the second outlet is mounted in a side branch. It has a special collet for crimping the supply pipe from the well.

For sealing threaded connections, a polymer winding is used. On the polyethylene pipes the role of collets is assigned to crimp elements, where reverse shrinkage of polyethylene is used. Pipes of this type can be bent in any desired direction, which eliminates the use of corners. The connection of the finished ejector is carried out in accordance with all recommendations.

Recommendations for maintaining and increasing device performance

Before installing ejector pump, it is necessary to make the corresponding calculations. Its capacity should correspond to the depth of the well.

The pressure in the system is under constant control. If the station does not have a built-in pressure gauge, one must be installed. Very deep wells are recommended to be equipped with powerful equipment installed as close as possible to the water intake point. As a rule, such pumps have built-in ejectors.

If the depth of the well is within 15-40 m, it is advisable to use an external ejector immersed in water.

The surface pump and the ejector are connected only by a vertical pipeline. Otherwise, the system will be regularly aired, which will provoke a decrease in its performance.

If you follow all the rules for installation and use, pumping equipment with an ejector will provide high-quality water supply, satisfying all the necessary needs both in the house itself and on the site.