Alexander block autobiography. Brief biography of the block

Alexander Alexandrovich Blok is a wonderful Russian writer who worked on the border of the 19th and 20th centuries. Born November 16, 1880 in an intelligent family of a professor and a writer in St. Petersburg. In 1898 he successfully graduated from the Vvedensky gymnasium, and then from St. Petersburg University. He received two educations: legal and historical-philological.

Young Sasha had a chance to show off his writing talent at the age of five: then he wrote his first poems. In general, it is worth noting that the young man grew up versatile: he was fond of not only science, but also acting and attended courses in performing arts.

In 1897, on vacation with his family, Blok fell in love for the first time. These passionate youthful feelings remained deeply in the memory of the writer and left an indelible mark on all his subsequent work. In 1903, Alexander's wife was the daughter of Professor Mendeleev, whom he literally recaptured from a no less famous admirer, the poet Andrei Bely. He dedicated the collection "Poems about a Beautiful Lady" to his beloved woman with the symbolic name Love. He was marked by the society "Academy" and accepted into the ranks of its members. In the same year, 1903, Blok made his debut in literary circles, declaring himself a symbolist writer. Gradually, he acquires new acquaintances in this area and becomes close to D. Merezhkovsky, Z. Gippius and V. Bryusov.

It is far from a secret that, in addition to his wife, Blok was in love more than once. He experienced a great passion and irresistible craving for several women, who later also left a mark on his poetic work. It was Lyubov Delmas, and later N. Volokhova

Even then, Blok showed himself as a pronounced symbolist writer. His early work inherent in the versatility of symbols and signs in the description of events and images. The main themes and motives of that period are love experiences and the beauty of nature. In the later period of Blok's work, more and more interested in social problems and the experiences of the people belonging to the lower strata of the population. These include his poem "The Rose and the Cross" from 1912 and the cycle "Retribution", published in 1913. One of the most poetic and successful cycles was recognized by critics as the collection Yamby of 1914, which included the well-known verse Night, Street, Lantern, Pharmacy.

The decisive moment that divided creative way writer on "before" and "after", is the poem "Factory", which was released in 1903. And the years from 1906 to 1908 can be noted as the most successful in the writer's work. Then he experienced an unprecedented rise and won success and recognition from his surroundings. The collections "Unexpected Joy", "Earth in the Snow", "Snow Mask", "Song of Fate" and "Lyric Dramas" belong to this period. After 1908, there is a clear separation of Blok from the camp of the Symbolists. His further path became independent and not similar to his early work. His collection "Italian Poems", written during a trip to the country of the same name, was received by the public and critics with great enthusiasm and recognized the best work about Italy, ever written by a domestic author.

In addition to journalism and acute social literature, Blok was fond of writing works for children and youth audiences. In 1913, he published two collections of children's poems "Tales" and " All year round". In 1916, Blok went to the front, where he learned that tsarist power was no more. Later, while serving in the Extraordinary Commission, which investigated the crimes of the autocratic system against the people, Blok discovered the whole truth about the autocratic system and called it "garbage". On the basis of his conclusions and materials obtained as a result of interrogations, a documentary work “The Last Days of Imperial Power” was written.

A particularly difficult period of the writer's life fell on the years of the great revolution. Unlike other compatriots, Blok did not emigrate, but remained in Petrograd, and earned a living working in a publishing house. Many articles, as well as the famous poem "The Twelve" are dedicated to those difficult years in the writer's life. Then he worked with special zeal, realizing in himself a violent civic responsibility and patriotism. He praised the great feat of the people, who every day find the strength to live, despite the hard life and poverty. He actively participated in rallies and demonstrations, took an active social position.

Before his death, Blok was weakened and constantly ill. His acquaintances, including Maxim Gorky, strongly asked the government to allocate a ticket to the writer so that he could improve his health and go on vacation. However, all efforts were in vain and in protest, Blok stopped being treated with medicines and went on a hunger strike and buried all the last manuscripts.

The writer spent in poverty and devastation last days of his life and died of a heart attack on August 7, 1921.

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Biography, life story of Alexander Alexandrovich Blok

The poet Blok was born in St. Petersburg in 1880 on November 16, he was the son of a law professor. Blok's mother divorced her husband immediately after the birth of the boy. The child was brought up in the family of his grandfather, who was the rector of St. Petersburg University, Beketov. Beketov Alexander Nikolaevich was a botanist by education. Mother married a second time, the family settled in the Grenadier barracks, as her stepfather was a guards officer. His surname was Kublitsky-Piottuch. Blok successfully graduated from the gymnasium and entered St. Petersburg University to study at the Faculty of Law. Soon he realized that his interests were far from legal science and transferred to the Faculty of Philology, to the Slavic-Russian department. Alexander managed to study law for three years before he became interested in philosophy and poetry.

The acquaintance with his future wife took place within the walls of the university, she was the daughter of the famous Mendeleev, a chemist. The young couple got married in 1903. Block was in love with his wife. It was a rare feeling in strength, which is not given to everyone. Blok's first love also left a deep imprint on his soul and poetry. The poet experienced his first love in his gymnasium years at a resort in Baden-Baden, where the family rested in 1897. By 1901, the poet had already written many poems, these were lyrics about love, poems about nature. Blok's poetry was built on the idealistic ideas of Plato's philosophy, it was full of vague forebodings, allusions and allegories. There was an unreal world in poetry higher ideas, it was something sublime.

Relations with his wife were controversial and very difficult, since there was almost no physical closeness between them. At this time, Blok became close to the Symbolists. There were two circles of symbolists - St. Petersburg and Moscow. In the first, Zinaida Gippius and Merezhkovsky reigned, in the second, in Moscow, Bryusov was the main figure. Alexander became close to the Moscow circle of admirers of the philosophy of Vl. Solovyov, Andrei Bely stood out among them. Bely was then an aspiring prose writer and poet, a theoretician and connoisseur of new literature and new art. Andrei Bely's group enthusiastically greeted Blok's poems. The publishing house of the Symbolists published the book "Poems about the Beautiful Lady". Blok's wife became the subject of Andrei Bely's love, but he was rejected. Nonetheless, family relationships became even more tense.

CONTINUED BELOW

The block began to gradually move away from the symbolists as early as 1905-1907, during the revolution. He turned to civil themes, at this time he wrote a drama for the Meyerhold Theater called "Balaganchik". During the period of war and revolution, Blok wrote many works in which he tried to comprehend the historical path of Russia from the point of view of the worldview of symbolism. Gradually, catastrophic motives began to grow in his work, he realized that artistic language Symbolists are alien to him. Blok accepted the revolution as an element of purification, but no one understood and accepted his images. Blok became a professional writer approximately in the years 1906-1908, when books began to appear one after another, but from that time a discord with symbolism was also determined. He finally embarked on his own path in literature, drawing conclusions from his reflections and doubts.

There was more than one woman in Blok's life who influenced his poetry. Each period of biography became poetry. The history of the appearance of the cycle "Carmen" is connected with a feeling for Love Alexandrovna Delmas. Delmas was her stage name, after her mother's last name. Her real name was Tishinskaya. It was famous singer, graduated from the St. Petersburg Conservatory. She sang romances to Blok's words at the Tenishevsky School, when everyone noticed that Blok and Delmas were amazingly suited to each other. Their feeling was "terribly serious." She was a dazzling woman, but was she beautiful? Blok had a peculiar idea of female beauty, in fact, it was no longer a young, overweight woman. The cycles "Carmen", "Harp and Violin", "Gray Morning", the poem "The Nightingale Garden", which Blok completed in 1915, were dedicated to her.

Having made interesting trips abroad, Blok released a cycle of the best poems in Russian poetry about Italy and many other wonderful works.

In the summer of 1916, Blok was drafted into the army, where he found information about February Revolution 1917. When the poet returned to Petrograd, he began to take part in the investigation of the crimes of the tsarist regime as part of the Extraordinary Commission. His book on these investigations was published posthumously. Last short creative upsurge occurred in 1918, when the poems "The Twelve" and "Scythians" were published. No one accepted and understood the image of Christ, the poem was perceived very differently. The revolutionaries reacted more condescendingly, but the opponents of the revolution announced a real boycott to the poet.

In 1919, Blok was accused of an anti-Soviet conspiracy. He was interrogated for a long time, but Lunacharsky stood up. The poet was released, he began to try to cooperate with the authorities. Soon Blok felt the onset of a crisis of creativity, he realized that places in new literature he won't have. His physical state deteriorated greatly, he was on the verge of exhaustion, on the verge of life and death. He recently abandoned creativity and died of inflammation of the heart valves on August 7, 1921.

He was born in November 1880 in the family of a Warsaw lawyer with German roots Alexander Lvovich Blok. Sasha's mother, Alexandra Andreevna, left her husband immediately after the birth of her son. She was always depressed by the fact that her husband treated her badly. After 9 years, she manages to remarry. Her second chosen one was the Guards officer F.F. Kublicki-Piottukh. From the time Alexandra and Franz Piottuch decided to live together, little Sasha had already read a lot and began to write his first poems. He was sent to a local gymnasium to study.

Youth of the poet

At the age of seventeen, Blok's biography experienced its first turning point. He fell in love. He fell in love so much that this love left a huge mark on the subsequent life of the great poet. A year later, in 1898, he graduated from high school and went to study law at St. Petersburg University. Three years later, having said goodbye to the profession of a lawyer, he transferred to the Faculty of History and Philology of the same university. Alexander Blok graduated from his studies in 1906, when he was 26 years old. By that time, he was already married to the daughter of the famous scientist Dmitri Mendeleev, Lyubov Mendeleeva.

"Red drops" on the white biography of the great romantic

Blok's biography, his fate, it seems, could already be read from his very birth. From the age of five he already wrote poetry, he could read freely. He dedicated his first book of poems to his wife. This collection was published in 1905 and is called Poems about a Beautiful Lady. Further, many more works come out from under the pen of Blok, many different beautiful poems. From the moment of the engagement with Lyubov Mendeleeva, Blok's biography begins to acquire a touch of tragedy. They often quarreled, ignored each other's feelings, allowed themselves numerous hobbies outside of marriage. However, a gloomy shade to this period of the life of the great writer is given not only by conflicts with the woman he loves, but also by the beginning of the First World War and the revolutions that followed. Blok's attitude towards them was twofold, and this tormented him. During the periods of the February and October revolutions, Alexander Blok did not, like many, leave his homeland, but got a job in a commission investigating the "crimes" of the tsarist regime. At this time, he writes and publishes a lot. His famous poem "The Twelve" is published.

Brief summary of a short life

A few years later, in 1921, the life of Alexander Blok ends tragically. A serious illness laid the 40-year-old poet in the grave. At this time, he was ruined financially and morally. People said he was crazy. This version of his death was widely disseminated during the construction of socialism. The poet was buried at the Smolensk cemetery, later the ashes were transferred to the Volkovskoye cemetery. This ends the biography of Alexander Blok. During his forty years of life, he wrote enough literary works, with which he entered the history of not only Russian, but also world literature. Many talented people do not live even half of their lives, they become great. and Alexander Blok bright to that proof.

1. Characteristics Blok's poetry.
2. Blok's early work.
3. The image of the motherland in Blok's poetry.
4. The theme of the revolution in the life and work of the poet.
5. "Twelve" - ​​retribution to the old world.

You gave me anxiety
And the ability to write poetry ...
A. A. Akhmatova

In these mean Akhmatov's lines dedicated to A. A. Blok, the style and manner of the poet's work are very accurately expressed. Indeed, Blok's poetic skill is amazing, and the magic of his poetic lines, where there is a mystery, a deep meaning, and a sense of anxiety, is remembered forever. In some ways, this is a tribute to his belonging to the symbolist movement in poetry. But, like any great artist, Blok's work outgrows the boundaries of any direction.

Blok began his career in poetry as a symbolist. For poets who considered themselves to be part of this trend, their work was characterized by: the search for new themes, the demonstration of individualism, mysticism, the surreal and the irrational, and interest in critical historical eras. The conditional image of reality was conveyed by symbols, in which a special mystical meaning was attached. The poet belonged to the so-called young character sheets, although this division is rather arbitrary. Blok entered the history of literature as an outstanding lyric poet. Having started his poetic path with a book of mystical poems, Blok went through a difficult creative path to reality, to revolution. We can say that all the lyrics of A. A. Blok are a poetic diary of the life of a Russian person at the turn of the century.

A. A. Blok (1880-1921) was born into an intelligentsia family. His father Alexander Lvovich descended from the doctor I. von Blok, who came to Russia in mid-eighteenth century from Mecklenburg, and was a professor at the University of Warsaw in the Department of Public Law. The mother of the future poet Alexandra Andreevna, due to the despotic nature of her husband, was forced to leave him even before the birth of her son. Blok spent his childhood and youth at the house of his grandfather Andrei Nikolaevich Beketov, rector of St. Petersburg University, at his stepfather's house and at the Shakhmatovo estate near Moscow. In the liberal Beketov family, literary work was welcomed. This atmosphere early awakened in him an irresistible desire for poetry.

Blok's early work includes a book of poems, published in 1904 and called Poems about the Beautiful Lady. The whole cycle of poems is devoted to the disclosure and comprehension of this image, which had a real prototype. Here opens a special world of a man in love, a poet in love, in which he appears as a knight, giving his life to the service of his lady and bowing to the ideal of beauty, harmony and femininity.

The main part of Blok's work belongs to the pre-revolutionary period, when the inconsistency of life is exposed, stability and peace are gone. In such a situation, everything human feelings become insincere and false when a person feels loneliness, comes across a misunderstanding of others. The only bright feeling for Blok is love for the Motherland. The poet repeatedly repeated that all his work is about Russia: “I consciously and irrevocably dedicate my life to this topic ... After all, here is life or death, happiness or death.” On this topic, poems "Rus", "Russia", the cycle "On the Kulikovo Field" were written.

The image of the motherland is revealed in the poem "Rus" (1906) in an original way. In it, Russia appears as a mystery, which is determined by the ring composition of the poem. The secret of Russia is “where diverse peoples from land to land, from valley to valley lead night round dances under the glow of burning villages.” The solution to the mystery lies in the "living soul" of the people, which has not lost its "original purity" in the vast expanses. To comprehend it, it is necessary to live one life with the people.

In search of an ideal and a path to the future, Blok turns to Russia's past, to its origins. It is in the past that the poet is looking for a life-giving force that allows Russia not to be afraid of "darkness - night and foreign", guiding its path. He speaks simply and without beauty about the fate of his homeland:

Centuries go by, war rages
There is a rebellion, the villages are burning,
And you are still the same, my country,
In tear-stained and ancient beauty.

Blok always sensitively listened to the beat of life, showed the deepest interest in the fate of Russia, in the fate of the people. His work reflects many aspects of the diverse and endlessly changing Russian life. Of particular importance are the poems, where a comprehensive image of the motherland appears before us and where the poet emphasizes his inseparable connection with it. In poems created during the years of the first Russian revolution, he foresees a new "fire" of 1917, which will turn the fate of Russia upside down:

I see far over Russia
Wide and silent fire...

Attitude towards Russia, its perception changed, but Blok carried his love for her through his whole life. This feeling saved him in the terrible years of spiritual crisis and despair. Blok created a special image of the Motherland - the image of a beautiful woman, a beloved bride. This is a woman with “robber beauty”, tied in a “patterned kerchief to the eyebrows”:

Oh, my Russia! My wife!
To pain
We have a long way to go!
And there is no end!

“Immense expanses”, “songs of the wind”, “distant roads”, “remote troikas”, “loose ruts”, “given foggy”, “the sky is a brightened edge among smoky spots” - such is the unique Blok Russia. Like many poets who were alien to the revolution, but who accepted it, he was waiting for changes, hoping that with the advent of 1917, "light will overcome darkness."

The poet perceived the events of the revolution as a manifestation of the destructive elements of the people, as the struggle of people of a new formation with the hated realm of historical stagnation and social lawlessness. Blok himself suffered during the revolution (the peasants burned down his estate in Shakhmatovo, including the famous rich library, collected by many generations of his ancestors), but he was able to understand something else - the cup of patience of the people overflowed.

The evolution of the poet's worldview was embodied in his mature work. The poem "The Twelve" is one of the most characteristic works of Russian poetry of the early 20th century. It can be called a diary of revolutionary events. At the heart of the work is a conflict, the struggle of "two worlds". Therefore, the poem is built on contrasts: “Black evening. / White snow. / Wind, wind! / No man stands on his feet! This feeling of spontaneity and unpredictability unites many poets and writers of the Silver Age. The poet advocates creation in revolution, and not a senseless and merciless rebellion, against which A. S. Pushkin warned Russia. Poetry, the romantic triumph of the revolution, Blok interprets in the Christian sense - "with a gentle tread over the wind, a scattering of pearls of snow, in a white halo of roses - in front - Jesus Christ."

In this interpretation, the revolution, born and brought by those who "need an ace of diamonds on their backs," nevertheless leads to goodness and justice. Not belonging to the "revolutionary estate", not being a comrade-in-arms of the Bolsheviks, a "proletarian" writer, "a native of the lower classes", Blok accepted the revolution. But as a fatal inevitability, as an inevitable event, as a conscious choice of the Russian intelligentsia, which thereby brought the national tragedy closer.

In the poem "The Twelve", the revolution is perceived by Blok as a retribution against the old world, the former ruling class, the refined elite that has broken away from the people.

A. A. Blok, in my opinion, managed to accurately and vividly capture both the image of Russia and the revolutionary era in his small and, at first glance, difficult to understand work. M. Gorky called him "a man of fearless sincerity", and K. A. Fedin, after the death of the 40-year-old poet, said that "there will no longer be such courage and such longing for the truth of the future, which A. Blok showed."

Blok Alexander Alexandrovich was born in St. Petersburg on November 28, 1880. His father was Alexander Lvovich Blok, who worked as a professor at Warsaw University, and his mother was the translator Alexandra Andreevna Beketova, whose father was the rector of St. Petersburg University.

The mother of the future poet married her first husband at the age of eighteen, and soon after the birth of the boy, she decided to break all ties with her unloved husband. Subsequently, the poet's parents practically did not communicate with each other.

In those days, divorces were rare and condemned by society, but in 1889, the self-sufficient and purposeful Alexandra Blok ensured that the Holy Governing Synod officially terminated her marriage to Alexander Lvovich. Soon after, the daughter of the famous Russian botanist remarried for true love: an officer of the guard Kublitsky-Piottukh. Alexandra Andreevna did not change her son's surname to her own or to the intricate surname of her stepfather, and the future poet remained Blok.

Sasha spent his childhood years in his grandfather's house. In the summer he left for Shakhmatovo for a long time and carried warm memories of the time spent there throughout his life. Moreover, Alexander Blok lived with his mother and her new husband on the outskirts of St. Petersburg.

Between the future poet and his mother there has always been an incomprehensible spiritual connection. It was she who opened the works of Baudelaire, Polonsky, Verlaine, Fet and other famous poets to Sasha. Alexandra Andreevna and her young son studied together new trends in philosophy and poetry, had enthusiastic conversations about latest news politics and culture. Subsequently, Alexander Blok first of all read his works to his mother and it was from her that he sought consolation, understanding and support.

In 1889, the boy began to study at the Vvedensky gymnasium. Some time later, when Sasha was already 16 years old, he went on a trip abroad with his mother and spent some time in the city of Bad Nauheim, a popular German resort of those times. Despite his young age, on vacation he selflessly fell in love with Ksenia Sadovskaya, who at that time was 37 years old. Naturally, there was no talk of any relationship between a teenager and an adult woman. However, the charming Ksenia Sadovskaya, her image, imprinted in Blok's memory, later became his inspiration when writing many works.

In 1898, Alexander completed his studies at the gymnasium and successfully passed the entrance exams to St. Petersburg University, choosing jurisprudence for his career. Three years after that, he nevertheless transferred to the historical and philological department, choosing for himself the Slavic-Russian direction. The poet completed his studies at the university in 1906. At the time of receipt higher education he met Alexei Remizov, Sergei Gorodetsky, and also became friends with Sergei Solovyov, who was his second cousin.

The beginning of creativity

The Blok family, especially on the maternal side, continued a highly cultured family, which could not but affect Alexander. From a young age, he enthusiastically read numerous books, was fond of the theater and even attended the corresponding circle in St. Petersburg, and also tried his hand at poetry. The boy wrote his first uncomplicated works at the age of five, and as a teenager, in the company of his brothers, he enthusiastically engaged in writing a handwritten magazine.

An important event in the early 1900s for Alexander Alexandrovich was his marriage to Lyubov Mendeleeva, who was the daughter of an eminent Russian scientist. The relationship between the young spouses was complex and peculiar, but filled with love and passion. Lyubov Dmitrievna also became a source of inspiration and a prototype for a number of characters in the poet's works.

You can talk about a full-fledged creative career of Blok starting from 1900-1901. At that time, Alexander Alexandrovich became an even more devoted admirer of the work of Afanasy Fet, as well as the lyrics and even the teachings of Plato. In addition, fate brought him together with Dmitry Merezhkovsky and Zinaida Gippius, in whose journal, under the name "New Way", Blok took his first steps as a poet and critic.

At an early stage of his creative development Alexander Alexandrovich realized that the direction in literature close to his liking was symbolism. This movement, which pierced all varieties of culture, was distinguished by innovation, a desire for experimentation, a love of mystery and understatement. In St. Petersburg, the symbolists close to him in spirit were the above-mentioned Gippius and Merezhkovsky, and in Moscow - Valery Bryusov. It is noteworthy that around the time when Blok began to publish in the St. Petersburg "New Way", his works began to be printed in the Moscow almanac called "Northern Flowers".

A special place in the heart of Alexander Blok was occupied by a circle of young admirers and followers of Vladimir Solovyov, organized in Moscow. The role of a kind of leader of this circle was assumed by Andrei Bely, at that time an aspiring prose writer and poet. Andrei became a close friend of Alexander Alexandrovich, and members of the literary circle became one of the most devoted and enthusiastic admirers of his work.

In 1903, in the almanac "Northern Flowers", a cycle of Blok's works entitled "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" was printed. At the same time, three poems by the young rhymer were included in the collection of works by students of the Imperial St. Petersburg University. In his first known cycle, Blok presents a woman as natural source light and purity, and raises the question of how real love feeling brings the individual closer to the world whole.

Revolution of 1905-1907

The revolutionary events became for Alexander Alexandrovich the personification of the spontaneous, disordered nature of life and quite significantly influenced his creative views. The beautiful Lady in his thoughts and poems was replaced by the images of a blizzard, snowstorm and vagrancy, the bold and ambiguous Faina, the Snow Mask and the Stranger. Love poems faded into the background.

Dramaturgy and interaction with the theater at that time also fascinated the poet. The first play, written by Alexander Alexandrovich, was called "Balaganchik" and was composed by Vsevolod Meyerhold in the theater of Vera Komissarzhevskaya in 1906.

At the same time, Blok, who, idolizing his wife, did not refuse the opportunity to have tender feelings for other women, inflamed with passion for N.N. Volokhova, theater actress Vera Komissarzhevskaya. The image of the beautiful Volokhova soon filled Blok's philosophical poems: it was to her that the poet dedicated the cycle "Faina" and the book "Snow Mask", the heroines of the plays "Song of Fate" and "The King on the Square" were copied from her.

Late 1900s main theme Blok's work was the problem of the ratio of the common people and the intelligentsia in the domestic society. In the poems of this period, one can trace a vivid crisis of individualism and attempts to determine the place of the creator in the conditions real world. At the same time, Alexander Alexandrovich associated the Motherland with the image of his beloved wife, which is why his patriotic poems acquired a special, deeply personal individuality.

Rejection of symbolism

The year 1909 was very difficult for Alexander Blok: his father died that year, with whom he still maintained a fairly warm relationship, as well as the newborn child of the poet and his wife Lyudmila. However, the impressive legacy that Alexander Blok Sr. left to his son allowed him to forget about financial difficulties and focus on major creative projects.

In the same year, the poet visited Italy, and the foreign atmosphere further pushed him to reassess the values ​​that had developed earlier. This internal struggle is told in the cycle “Italian Poems”, as well as prose essays from the book “Lightning of Art”. In the end, Blok came to the conclusion that symbolism, as a school with strictly defined rules, had exhausted itself for him, and from now on he felt the need for self-deepening and a “spiritual diet”.

Focusing on great literary works, Alexander Alexandrovich gradually began to devote less and less time to journalistic work and appearances at diverse events that were in vogue among the poetic bohemia of those times.

In 1910, the author began to compose an epic poem called "Retribution", which he was not destined to finish. Between 1912 and 1913 he wrote the well-known play The Rose and the Cross. And in 1911, Blok, taking as a basis five of his books with poetry, compiled a collection of works in three volumes, which was reprinted several times.

October Revolution

Soviet power did not cause such a negative attitude in Alexander Blok as in many other poets " silver age". At a time when Julius Aikhenvald, Dmitry Merezhkovsky and many others criticized the Bolsheviks who came to power with might and main, Blok agreed to cooperate with the new government leadership.

The name of the poet, who by that time was quite well known to the public, was actively used by the authorities for their own purposes. Among other things, Alexander Alexandrovich was constantly appointed to positions of no interest to him in various commissions and institutions.

It was during that period that the poem "Scythians" and the famous poem "The Twelve" were written. The last image of the "Twelve": Jesus Christ, who was at the head of a procession of twelve soldiers of the Red Army - caused a real resonance in the literary world. Although this work is now considered one of the best creations of the “Silver Age” of Russian poetry, most of Blok’s contemporaries spoke about the poem, especially about the image of Jesus, in an extremely negative way.

Personal life

The first and only wife of Blok is Lyubov Mendeleev, with whom he was madly in love and whom he considered his real destiny. The wife was support and support for the writer, as well as an unchanging muse.

However, the poet's ideas about marriage were rather peculiar: firstly, he was categorically against bodily intimacy, singing spiritual love. Secondly, up to recent years In his life, Blok did not consider it shameful to fall in love with other representatives of the fair sex, although his women never mattered to him as much as his wife. However, Lyubov Mendeleev also allowed herself to be carried away by other men.

The children of the Blok couple, alas, did not appear: the child, born after one of the few joint nights of Alexander and Lyubov, turned out to be too weak and did not survive. Nevertheless, Blok left quite a lot of relatives both in Russia and in Europe.

Poets death

After October revolution took place not only Interesting Facts from the life of Alexander Alexandrovich. Loaded with an incredible amount of duties, not belonging to himself, he began to get very sick. Blok developed asthma, cardiovascular disease, and mental disorders began to form. In 1920, the author fell ill with scurvy.

At the same time, the poet was also going through a period of financial difficulties.

Exhausted by poverty and numerous illnesses, he passed away on August 7, 1921, while in his apartment in St. Petersburg. The cause of death is inflammation of the heart valves. The funeral and burial service of the poet was performed by Archpriest Alexei Zapadalov, Blok's grave is located at the Smolensk Orthodox Cemetery.

Shortly before his death, the writer tried to get permission to travel abroad for treatment, but he was refused. They say that after that, Blok, being in a sober mind and sound mind, destroyed his notes and, in principle, did not take any medicine, or even food. For a long time there were also rumors that before his death, Alexander Alexandrovich went crazy and raved about whether all copies of his poem "The Twelve" had been destroyed. However, these rumors have not been confirmed.

Alexander Blok is considered one of the most brilliant representatives of Russian poetry. His large works, as well as small poems ("Factory", "Night Street Lantern Pharmacy", "In a Restaurant", "Dilapidated Hut" and others), became part of cultural heritage our people.